介绍发展历史用英语怎么说
该书以来短文源形式介绍中国文化发展史
The book introces the history of Chinese cultural development in the form of short essays
② nba发展历程英文简介
都是英文，你怎么看啊
③ 发展史 英语怎么说
developing history
④ 介绍汉语发展或历史等等的英语作文！急求！！！!
The Charm of Chinese Language
Chinese Language faces some challenges. As compared with English and other Latin based languages, Chinese is less popular and more difficuh for computer word processing. Some college students, wondering whether it is still one of the best languages in the world, neglect Chinese study.
Extensive research has revealed that Chinese possesses many advantages over other languages. Written Chinese is based on a set of ideogram characters. From a simple word one may obtain a wealth of information about its hidden meaning, evolution history and related phrases. Historians can decipher the damaged ancient characters carved on ox hones but no such achievement could be obtained with Latin-based languages. To express a given idea, the Chinese version is always the shortest, most accurate and most effective.
Moreover, Chinese kids learn Chinese by memorizing patterns or funny pictures which stimulate curiosity and imagination. It is well recognized that human brains work well with patterns and pattern recognition in turn promotes brain development. What＇ more, Chinese is also easy to learn. Many foreigners speak Chinese fluently after a few years of learning. Recently, several word processing programs have been successfully developed for Chinese language and turned out to be better than those designed for English.
Chinese is the crystallization of the splendid culture developed continuously for over 5,000 years. Many treasures remain to be explored. As China grows stronger, more and more foreigners will learn Chinese and share the invaluable treasure.
⑤ 英语发展史
早期日耳曼人部落（盎格鲁族、撒克逊族、朱特族和弗里西族）移民到英格兰，英语就是从他们的语言中变化继承下来。据《盎格鲁撒克逊编年史》记载，公元449年左右，不列颠群岛国王伏提庚（Vortigern）邀请“盎格鲁亲戚们”来帮助他对抗皮克特人。作为回报，他赐予盎格鲁族东南部的领土。随后他又进一步寻求支援，撒克逊族、盎格鲁族与朱特族人纷纷前来。《编年史》记载，最终这些“移民”建立了七个王国：诺森伯利亚、麦西亚、东盎格利亚、肯特、埃塞克斯、苏塞克斯、威塞克斯。
日尔曼人入侵后，统治了当地的凯尔特语民族，本地语言主要于苏格兰、威尔士、康沃尔与爱尔兰存活了下来。这些入侵者的语言逐渐形成了“古英语”，与近代弗里西语极为相象。English（英格兰人、英语）、England（英格兰）和East
Anglia（东盎格利亚）这三个词是分别从描绘盎格鲁族的词汇发展而来：Englisc、
Angelcynn、Englaland。
1066年诺曼征服后三百年内，英格兰的国王只讲法语。因此一大批法语词汇进入了古英语，古英语本身也失去了大部分曲折变化，进化为中古英语。1500年左右的元音大推移将中古英语变形为近代英语。古英语最著名的文学作品是《贝奥武夫》，中古英语则是《坎特伯雷故事集》。
近代英语在莎士比亚所处的时期开始繁荣，一些学者将之分为早期近代英语与后期近代英语，分界线为1800年左右。随着不列颠对全世界大部分地区的占领和殖民，当地语言也很大程度上影响了英语的发展。
⑥ 谁给个关于锁的历史及发展的英文介绍啊！！急用！
1
Lock History
A brief history of locks in America
In even the earliest buildings, locks were used to protect possessions. A great many of them consisted of just a wooden bar mounted on iron brackets. The only thing that has not changed over the centuries is that whatever you lock up, someone else will try to open. This is well illustrated by the epitaph on a New England headstone.
An ancient locksmith died of late, and did arrive at Heaven's gate; He stood without, and wouldn't knock, because he meant to pick that lock!
During the period of the 18th and 19th century many technical developments were made in the locking mechanisms that added to the security of common locking devices. It was ring this period that America changed form importing door hardware to manufacturing it and even exporting some. New applications for cast iron, brass and clay completely changed the appearance of the locks that could be bought. The development through the years of locking devices was carried out by hundreds of indivials all over the world. To put America's locks at a reasonable price you must only realize that the Chinese had, in common use before the year 1000, a strong, small lock, operated by a relatively easy to carry key. In the years before dynamite was discovered in 1867, the key was everything. Without the key a thief had little hope of opening a locked strongbox or door. For this reason the shape of a key as well as number of wards cut into it were varied to meet the needs of the material being protected. Blacksmiths in the Colonies made many locks, as well as their other procts. They could not keep up with the demand for locks as the country expanded even though some specialized in just lockmaking. These men were known as Whitesmiths as they filed and polished their procts, unlike the blacksmith who left the surface much as it came from forge. Lockmaking required the skills common to the Blacksmith plus lathe turning, spring tempering, rivet and screw making, precise fitting and hole punching. Sometimes in the same shop, brass casting was done for the knobs and escutcheons that were used. The First American iron works was erected at Sagus, Mass in 1646. Brass Foundries and Iron furnaces, as they were called, such as Hopewell, Isabella and Warwick Furnace all near our business in Chester County Pennsylvania proced a multitude of common and specialized procts. But like the Whitesmith, the demand was greater that they could meet. It is for these reasons that is safe to assume that over 80% of the Iron locks and more that 90% of the Brass Locks used in this country before 1800 were imported.
Molded Edge locks proced in England were popular with people of means for their main doors through the late 1700's both here in America and in England. Just as the Dutch, German, Swedish, English and French carpenters built houses of a type that they knew in their homeland, so did the locksmith create locks that were familiar to him.
The plate latch is based on an English pattern. There are many different latches designed by different countries, each one unusual in it's own right. The Dutch elbow latch, the Moravian latch, the French mortised locks with lever handles of brass and many more. Iron locks, thumb latches, bar latches, key locks, stock locks, Carpenter patent locks and other devices were used in great quantity.
On Carpenter locks, they were widely used in the East and South and they were all made in England. The latching bar that lifted through a brass rimmed keeper is the patented design and the patent was issued in 1820.
In all there were about 20 companies procing these locks, under license, from Carpenter. To confuse the historians that like to have clear cut dates on everything, according to the noted Pa. restoration architect, G. Edwim Brumbaugh, the house at Pottstown, PA known as Pottsgrove Mansion was fitted with Carpenter Locks when it was built in the 1750's. It is strange to note that this lock as common as it is in this country, is, as far as we know, completely absent in England. Could it be that they were all made for export?
If a date were required to be set for the ending of handcraftsmanship in locks, I would use 1840. This corresponds to the beginning of the Instrial Revolution in this country, and is followed closely by mass proction. In 1831, Frederick T. Stanley established the first factory for the manufacture of, not the making of, locks in New Britain Conn. Others had at that time, proced items such as locks, hinges, bells, utensils, nails, screws, and all the hundreds of things that are hard to find today. Mr. Stanley's shop was set up only to make door locks. In the years to follow the Stanley name, Frederick or his cousins William and Henry, were associated with other now famous American lockmakers, including Seth North of North and Stanley; Henry Russel of Russel and Erwin and Philip Corbin of P&F Corbin.
Between 1840 and 1900 patents were issued by the hundreds to these men and others for improvements of locking devices or decorative trim. The leader in the decorative hardware field, known then as compression bronze, was Russell and Erwin. One of the most noticeable developments of the period was the widely used Mineral knob in White, Bennington brown and Black. These knobs were patented by John Pepper in 1851. Mr. Cornelius Erwin of Russell and Erwin helped him form "The Mineral Knob Company" to proce these knobs. These knobs were used on thousands of locks.
Corbin developed the unit lock, which was installed by cutting a notch in the edge of the door, sliding the unit it and fastening the trim on both sides. In 1833, J.A. Blake patented the grandfather on the tubular lock of today. This was installed by drilling only two holes into the door.
Walter R. Schlage of San Francisco was awarded 11 patents for the development of the tubular lock. Mr. Linus Yale, his son and employees added to the problems of would be thieves with the non-ending stream of improved bank locks that they made.
Mr. Samuel Segal, former New York City policeman, is credited for the first jimmy proof locks, and has over 25 patents to prove that he didn't stop when he built the first one in 1916.
2
A lock or water lock is an enclosed, rectangular chamber with gates at each end, within which water is raised or lowered to allow boats or ships to overcome differences in water level. Locks have a history of over 2,000 years, and although they are most often used by boats on canals, they also are used to transport massive ships between seas.
All locks operate on the simple buoyancy principle that any vessel, no matter what size, will float atop a large enough volume of water. By raising or lowering the level of a body of water, the vessel itself goes up or down accordingly. Locks are used to connect two bodies of water that are at different ground levels as well as to "walk" a vessel up or down a river's more turbulent parts. This is done by a series of connecting or "stair-case" locks. Locks contributed significantly to the Instrial Revolution (period beginning about the middle of the eighteenth century ring which humans began to use steam engines as a major source of power) by making possible the interconnection of canals and rivers, thus broadening commerce. They still play a major role in today's instrial society.
History
The ancestor of the modern lock is the flash lock. It originated in China and is believed to have been used as early as 50 B.C. The flash lock was a navigable gap in a masonry dam that could be opened or closed by a single wooden gate. Opening the gate very quickly would release a sudden surge of water that was supposed to assist a vessel downstream through shallow water. This was often very dangerous. Using the flash lock to go upstream was usually safe but extremely slow since the gap in the dam was used to winch or drag a vessel through.
At some future date, a second gate was added to the flash lock, thus giving birth to the pound lock. The first known example of a pound lock (whose al gates "impound" or capture the water) was in China in A.D. 984. It consisted of two flash locks about 250 feet (76 meters) apart. By raising or lowering guillotine or up-and-down gates at each end, water was captured or released. The space between the two gates thus acted as an equalizing chamber that elevated or lowered a vessel to meet the next water level. This new method was entirely controllable and had none of the hazards and surges of the old flash lock.
Ships in the Miraflores locks on the Panama Canal. (Reproced by permission of
Photo Researchers, Inc.
)
The first pound lock in Europe was built at Vreeswijk, the Netherlands, in 1373. Like its Chinese ancestor, it also had guillotine gates. The pound lock system spread quickly throughout Europe ring the next century, but was eventually replaced by an improved system that formed the basis of the modern lock system. During the fifteenth century, Italian artist and scientist Leonardo da Vinci (1452–1519) devised an improved form of pound lock whose gates formed a V-shape when closed. In 1487, Leonardo built six locks with gates of this type. These gates turned on hinges, like doors, and when closed they formed a V-shape pointing upstream—thus giving them their name of miter gates. One great advantage of miter gates was that they were self-sealing from the pressure of the upsteam water.
Construction and operation
The earliest locks were built entirely of wood, with stone and then brick becoming standard materials. The gates themselves were always wooden, with some lasting as long as 50 years. Filling or emptying these early locks was often accomplished by hand-operated sluices or floodgates built in the gates. On later and larger locks, it was found that conits or culverts built into the lock wall itself were not only more efficient but let the water enter in a smoother, more controlled manner. Nearly all locks operate in the following manner: (1) A vessel going downstream to shallower water enters a lock with the front gate closed. (2) The rear gate is then closed and the water level in the lock is lowered by opening a valve. The vessel goes down as the water escapes. (3) When the water level inside the lock is as low as that downstream, the front gate is opened and the vessel continues on its way. To go upstream, the process is reversed, with the water level being raised inside the lock. What the operators always strive for is to fill or empty the lock in the fastest time possible with a minimum of turbulence.
In modern locks, concrete and steel have replaced wood and brick, and hydraulic power or electricity is used to open and close the gates and side sluices. Movable gates are the most important part of a lock, and they must be strong enough to withstand the water pressure arising from the often great difference in water levels. They are mostly a variation of Leonardo's miter gates, except now they usually are designed to be stored inside the lock's wall recesses.
Probably the best known locks in the world are those used in the Panama Canal—the most-used canal in the world. Completed in 1914, the Panama Canal is an interoceanic waterway 51 miles (82 kilometers) long that connects the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans through the Isthmus of Panama. It has three major sets of locks, each of which is built in tandem to allow vessels to move in either direction, like a separated, twoway street. Each lock gate has two leaves, 65 feet (20 meters) wide by 7 feet (2 meter) thick, set on hinges. The gates range in height from 47 to 82 feet (14 to 25 meters) and are powered by large motors built in the lock walls. The chambers are 1,000 feet (305 meters) long, 110 feet (34 meters) wide, and 41 feet (13 meters) deep. Most large vessels are towed through the locks. As with all locks today, they are operated from a control tower using visual signals and radio communications.
3
History
The ancestor of the modern lock is the flash lock, also called a navigation weir or stanch. It originated in China and is believed to have been used as early as 50 B.C. The flash lock was a navigable gap in a masonry dam or weir that could be opened or closed by a single wooden gate. Opening the gate or sluice very quickly would release a sudden surge of water that was supposed to assist a vessel downstream through shallow water. This was often very dangerous. Using the flash lock to go upstream was usually safe but extremely slow since the gap in the dam was used to winch or drag a vessel through.
At some point, what now seems to be a very obvious improvement was made, and a second gate was added to the flash lock, thus giving birth to the pound lock. The first known example of a pound lock (whose al gates "impound" or capture the water) is in China in 984 A.D. Supposedly built by Chiao Wei-Yo on the West River section of the Grand Canal near Huai-yin, it consisted of two flash locks about 250 ft (76.2 m) apart. By raising or lowering guillotine gates at each end, water was captured or released. The space between the two gates thus acted as an equalizing chamber that elevated or lowered a vessel to meet the next water level. This new method was entirely controllable and had none of the hazards and surges of the old flash lock.
Although a primitive form of lock was used in Belgium as early as 1180, the first pound lock in Europe was built at Vreeswijk, Holland in 1373. Like its Chinese ancestor, it also had guillotine or up-and-down gates. The pound lock system spread quickly throughout Europe ring the next century and was eventually replaced by an improved system that formed the basis of the modern lock system. During the fifteenth century, the multi-talented Italian artist, Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519), served the Duke of Milan as engineer and devised an improved form of pound lock whose gates formed a V-shape when closed. In 1487, da Vinci built six locks with gates of this type. These gates turned on hinges, like doors, and when closed they formed a vee shape pointing upstream-thus giving them their name of miter gates. Da Vinci realized that one great advantage of miter gates is that they were self-sealing by the pressure of the water (since they point upstream). Also when there is a difference in water level between one side and the other, the pressure holding the gates together is at its greatest. Most of the great canals of Europe use locks. In France, the Briare Canal, completed in 1642, included 40 locks, one series of which was a staircase of six locks that handled a fall of 65 ft (20 m). The famous Canal Midi that leads to the Mediterranean was finished in 1692 and used 26 locks to surmount the 206-ft (61 m) difference from Garonne to Toulouse. It then descended 620 ft (189 m) through 74 locks. The first lock in England was built in 1566, but it was not until 1783 that a lock was completed in North America at Lake St. Francis in Canada.
4
The History Of Locks
Locksmithing is one of the oldest handicrafts known to civilized man. Long before the great Pyramids were built, Locksmiths plied their trade in Egypt, Babylon, Assyria and China. In fact, it may be said that the first key to be used by mankind was the branch of the tree, which the cavemen used to move aside the boulder that guarded the entrance to his cave. In the ruins of ancient cities, archaeologists frequently uncover locking devices that protected the wealth of men who lived before the time of written history.
Over forty centuries ago an Egyptian artist painted a fresco on an ancient temple, which showed a lock that was, then in use. A similar lock was actually found in the ruins of a once sumptuous palace in a suburb of the biblical city of Nineveh. This lock is said to be the oldest lock in existence.
It is quite reasonable to suppose that the first barring of a door was done by means of a cross beam, either dropped into sockets of sliding in staples fixed on the door; and it is equally reasonable to suppose that if it slid, a vertical pin dropping into a hole through the staple and beam together, kept the beam in place. If the beam was on the outside of the door, the locking pin must be hidden, and reached either through a hole in the beam, or else through a hole in the staple. This is the kind of primitive lock as made by the Egyptians.
They shortened the beam in a long bolt, and made it hollow for part of its length, so as to reach the pin hidden in beam and staple through the beam itself. The key, which was pushed up the hollow, had pegs on it to match the pins, which held the bolt - for the one pin was now multiplied. When the key was well home it was raised, and so its pegs lifted up the pins out of the way, leaving the bolt free. Then the bolt was drawn back by the key; the pegs are the latter filling up and engaging with the holes until then filled by the pins. It will be noticed that the shank of the key is the arm and the pegs are the fingers of the hand. The dropping pins are the true tumblers. The Egyptian lock was first described by Eton in his Survey of the Turkish Empire, 1798. Further information about it was given early in the 19th century by Denon, the Frenchman, who said that he had found the locks sculptured in one of the grand old temples of Karnac, which shows that the same kind of lock has served Egypt for 40 centuries. Locks almost identical or with very little difference and still made of wood have been seen recently in Iraq and Zanzibar. In another class of primitive locks, the pins were reached through a hole in the staple and not through the bolt. There is good reason to believe they were once remarkably widespread. They have seen comparatively recently in some parts of Scandinavia, in the Hebrides and Faroe Islands. They have been observed also upon the West Coast of Africa and in the less frequented parts of certain Balkan States. The hole in the
最后一篇没写下，地址在这里：
http://www.jmlock.com/lock-history.aspx
觉得不满意我再改
⑦ 英语的发展历史
英语发展史可以追溯到公元前500年左右。在大不列颠岛(Great Britain)上史料记载的最早的语言是公元前500年左右的凯尔特语(Celtic)。公元前55年，罗马人入侵大不列颠，并一直占领了大约500多年，拉丁语进入了该地区，并成为官方语言，凯尔特语的地位下降。约公元449年，居住于丹麦与德国北部的3个日耳曼人部族趁罗马帝国衰落入侵到大不列颠岛上。他们分别是盎格鲁人（Angles，入侵日德兰半岛中部）、萨克逊人（Saxons，入侵日德兰半岛南部）和朱特人（Jutes，入侵日德兰半岛北部）。在语言上，他们取代了当时该地所使用的凯尔特语。这三个日耳曼部族方言随着社会发展，逐渐融合为一种新的语言，即盎格鲁一萨克逊语（Anglo-Saxon），这就是后来形成的英语的基础。到公元700年，人们把大不列颠岛上三部族混合形成的语言称为Englisc。到公元1000年，岛上整个国家被称作Englaland。这两个词后来就演变成English（英语）和England（英格兰或英国）这就是English和England两个词的历史由来。
8世纪末，丹麦人大批入侵英国，在其东北部建立丹麦区，持续了近300年，当时所带来的斯堪的那维亚语对英语的发展有很大影响。公元1066年，法国的诺曼蒂公爵侵人英国，并加冕为英国国王，建立了诺曼蒂王朝，一直延续到1154年。在诺曼蒂王朝统治期间，英国实际上存在着三种语言，法语是官方语言；拉丁语是宗教语言，用于阅读圣经、教堂宗教活动；英语则是下层社会劳动者用的世俗语言。法语在英国的特殊地位一直延续到14世纪，法院、学校、宫廷分别于1362年、1385年、1399年才停止使用法语。1382年用英语书写的圣经出现，才结束了拉丁语的宗教语言地位。这时英语才成为英国的全民语言。因此英语中保留着大量的法语词汇（如age，air，brush，cry，bourgeoisie）和拉丁语词汇（angel，candle，moke，pope）。
在“文艺复兴”时期（14世纪-16世纪），由于人们对古希腊、古罗马文化表现出浓厚的研究兴趣，英语又吸收了大量古代社会及当时欧洲大陆文化精华，词汇大增。例如来自希腊语的geometry，astronomy，botany；法语的comrade，alloy，surpass；西班牙语的banana，cocoa，mosquito；意大利语的violin，piazza。
18世纪后，英国的工业革命兴起，对殖民地的争夺使英语随着帝国的发展走向世界。因此，在与各地交往中吸收大量新词汇。如来自非洲的zebra，chim-pazee；来自印度的cashmere，shampoo；来自汉语的tea，litchi；来自澳大利亚的kangaroo，boomerang；来自西印度群岛的cannibal，canoe。由于英国殖民地的发展与向海外的大量移民，英语亦从其本土向国外传播（例如BBC英语广播电台）。
目前在英国以外，把英语作为第一语言（即母语，Native language)的国家有爱尔兰(Ireland)、美国(America)、澳大利亚(Australia)、新西兰(New Zealand)、圭亚那(Guyana)、巴哈马(The Bahamas)、巴巴多斯(Barbados)、百慕大(Bermuda)、牙买加(Jamaica)、圣克里斯多福及尼维斯(Saint Christopher and Nevis)、特立尼达和多巴哥(Trinidad and Tobago)，在加拿大(Canada)大部分人说英语；把英语作为官方语言的国家有尼日利亚、加纳、肯尼亚、乌干达、坦桑尼亚、赞比亚、津巴布韦、南非、新加坡、印度、菲律宾等国；作为第二语言的有丹麦、芬兰、瑞典、挪威、冰岛等国。英语逐渐发展成为一种世界语言，在外交上的地位也取代了法语，成为今天世界政治、经济、科技、文化交流最重要的语言。虽然以英语为母语的国家有前面列举的好几个，但我们还是推荐找外教以美国、加拿大、英国为主。
英语也存在着地域性差异。在英国本土，由于原来由日德兰半岛来到大不列颠岛的盎格鲁人、萨克逊人、朱特人分别定居于不同地点，这就使英语的发展在起始时期就出现地域差别。随着工业与城市的发展，伦敦不仅成为全国最大的城市，而且也吸收了国内各方言区来的居民，各种方言相互融合，以伦敦地区作为全国文化中心的牛津和剑桥所用的语言便成为英国的标准语，再通过广播和电视向全国及国外传播，使国内语言及海外英语逐渐统一。
2．英语发展史：英语的扩散和发展
在英国本土以外，通过移民与政治等作用，英语的分布范围逐渐扩大。同时，由于空间上与本土距离较远以及接受地的客观原因而出现英语的国外方言，主要有美国英语、澳大利亚英语、南非英语和印度英语等。其中，美国英语是英语在英国本土外使用最广，也是最重要的英语方言。从总体上来讲，目前美国英语在中国也最为流行。
17世纪时，英国移民开始在北美洲（现美国的东海岸）进行殖民活动。后来，移民人数增多，遂于沿海建立了13个殖民地。这13个殖民地经过独立运动，后建立了美国，并成为美国最初的13州。它们脱离了与英国的从属关系，所以当时移民所讲的英语就成为美国的语言。
由于美国与英国中间有大西洋相隔，两边人员来往、语言交流受到影响，两地的英语逐渐产生差异。美国英语方言主要分新英格兰、大西洋沿岸中部和南方三种。新英格兰方言区是以马萨诸塞州为中心的美国东北地区。该地居民都是英格兰人移民，三分之二来自东安利亚的清教徒，少数来自英格兰北部，是比较纯的英格兰英语。大西洋沿岸中部方言区以宾夕法尼亚州为中心，早期该地是来自英格兰北部的移民，后来则多为来自苏格兰、爱尔兰的移民，除定居宾夕法尼亚州外，还波及新泽西州和特拉华州。后来进入的移民还有荷兰人、德国人、瑞典人。
南方方言区以弗吉尼亚州为最早的核心区。移民来自英格兰，其中约一半来自英格兰的西南部。后来，随着美国在越过阿巴拉契亚山脉向西发展过程中，三个方言区的进展各有不同。新英格兰方言除围绕大湖南岸外，还出现以西雅图、旧金山和盐湖城为中心的三个语言岛。大西洋沿岸中部方言向西进入俄亥俄州等地，直达南、北国境线，成为美国最大方言区。
至于简化，楼主可以自己试试！
⑧ 求一份英文版的简单介绍某公司的发展史的文章，有中文翻译最好，谢谢
At the beginning, our company had only one employee, the employee who worked very hard with me in the first year. we had four employees from the second year, our sale achievement from ten thousand dollars upto one hundred thousand dollars. Today is the third years, our employees are increading to twenty, and the sale achievement have been increasing to two hundred thousand dollars. The company extends larger and larger e to all cadres and employees are working hard. Meanwhile, not only the employees increase, but also the office desks and equipments more and more. Themost important thing is that we are going to move our small office into a two thousand square meters on the twelve floor of the "Empire Building" in the center of the city. Then to create another splendid business achievement！
在开始的时候，公司只有一个员工，在第一年里这位员工作非常努力。第二年我们有四名员工，我们的销售业绩从一万美元到十万美元。今天是第三年，我们的员工增加到了20名，和销售业绩已增加到二十万美元。本公司扩张越来越大，由于全体干部员工努力工作。同时，不仅员工增加，而且越来越多的办公桌和设备。最重要的是，我们将要把我们的小办公室搬到市中心一个两千多平方米十二楼的“帝国大厦”。然后去创造另外一个辉煌的业绩！
⑨ 历史发展的英文怎么说
Historical development
英[]
hisˈtɔrikəl diˈveləpmənt
美[]
hɪˈstɔrɪkəl dɪˈvɛləpmənt
词典释义版权
Historical development
historical developments
History
development of history
⑩ 英语发展史（用英语介绍）
卢恩语(Futhark)→古英语(即盎格鲁-撒克逊语)(Old English、-Saxon)→英国英语(English)
1.英语的发展要追溯到公元410年，罗马人离开不列颠之后，日耳曼部族包括盎格鲁、萨克逊开始涌入。
2.罗马人走了，没有留下他们使用的拉丁语。反倒是实用的盎格鲁萨克逊语言进入到当地人的语言，带去了新的词汇。
3.公元597年，基督教传入英国。基督教的流行，使当地人更容易接受拉丁文的怪字，如“martyr（烈士）”, “bishop”和 “font”。
4.公元800年，丹麦人入侵英国。维京语言给英语带来了好战意味明显的词汇，英语中共有2000个词汇源于维京人。
5.1066年,征服者威廉入侵不列颠，带来了来自海峡对岸的法语。法语成为了上层阶级与官方事务用语。总的来讲，英文大概从诺曼语中吸收了一万多个单词。
6.1337 年，英法百年战争开始。在这116年的争斗中，英语吸收了法语中的战争词汇，如“armies”, “navies” 及 “soldiers“， 并逐步取代法语，成为当权者的语言。
7.100年之后诞生了莎士比亚。字典告诉我们，莎士比亚大概发明了2000多个新字，包括好用的词汇还有很多当时的流行词汇。
8.1611年出现了詹姆士王版圣经。新圣经使用了所有人都能理解的语言，使得圣经中的教训不再是“王宫粉墙上”的文字，而是手中的小册，并有传教士在每间教堂宣传。
9.17世纪，科学得到了迅速的发展。皇家学院的科学家们一开始用拉丁文沟通，后来发现其实用自己的母语英文会更简洁。新事物的发现产生了许多新的词汇。
10.在日不落帝国迅速扩张时期，英语从殖民地不同的语言中吸收了许多新的词汇与表达。据统计，在1815年到1914年期间，新变种的英文得以在世界各地发展。
11.随着英文向四面八方扩张，词典编纂者也随之出现，这些人想要解决拼字不统一的无政府状态。于是约翰逊博士花了九年编成了一本英文字典，促成了拼写的统一。
12.英语由古代从丹麦等斯堪的纳维亚半岛以及德国、荷兰及周边移民至不列颠群岛的盎格鲁、撒克逊以及朱特部落的白人所说的语言演变而来，并通过英国的殖民活动传播到了世界各地。
13.在19至20世纪，英国以及美国在文化、经济、军事、政治和科学在世界上的领先地位使得英语成为一种国际语言。如今，许多国际场合都使用英语做为沟通媒介。
(10)介绍发展历史用英语怎么说扩展阅读
古英语受低地日耳曼语影响很大，比如动词，基本词汇，发音，复合词结构，形态变化很复杂，但是与现代的标准德语还是有很大的区别。
现代英语并非起源或演变自罗曼语族亦或是法语，但是数万现代英语词汇，很大一部分来自法语，约5万英语词汇与法语接近甚至是完全相同，现代英语和多数现代欧洲语言都改用字母拼写。
现代英语所使用的拼写字母，也是完全借用了26个字母。所谓“英语字母”，就是古罗马人在书写时所使用的拼写字母。
英语开始以拉丁字母作为拼写系统大约是在公元六世纪盎格鲁撒克逊时代。
参考资料
英语-网络