英国怎么用英语介绍
英国百年婚礼习俗
有旧有新有借有蓝--百年婚礼习俗
“有旧、有新、有借、有蓝”的婚礼习俗已经有好几百年的历史了。许多新娘在她们举行婚礼的当天都曾被问到是否已经备好了那些“有旧、有新、有借、有蓝”的服饰，以穿戴它们缓缓走过教堂内的通道。穿戴这每一件服饰的传统据说各有其独特的涵义，但都能够给新婚夫妇带来吉祥和财富。你曾想过这种说法到底是什么意思吗？是如何起源的？每件服饰各有何涵义？
最初的说法源自维多利亚时代，原文是：“有旧，有新，有借，有蓝；在一只鞋里放一枚六便士的银币。”
有旧新娘可以穿着或佩戴一样旧衣物来象征她和她娘家及过去生活之间的历史纽带。许多新娘佩戴一件家传的珠宝饰品作为“有旧”的选择。有些新娘穿着她们母亲或祖母穿过的结婚礼服。实际上，旧的东西同时也可以是借来的东西。
有新穿戴一样新衣物是要象征新娘在新生活和婚姻中拥有成功和希望。如果新娘置办的是新的结婚礼服，那它就可以是她的“有新”，但是任何别的新服饰也是可以的。“有新”常常是最容易做到的。
有借借来的服饰应该是从一位已幸福地结了婚的朋友那里借来的。据说他们的幸福会惠及于你，给你的婚姻带来长久的美满。有些新娘会去借来一种衣着用品、一件首饰、一块手帕或者一个饰以珠子的手袋。
有蓝穿戴一件蓝色服饰源自《圣经》时代，当时蓝色结婚礼服代表着纯洁、忠诚和爱情。随着时间的推移，这一传统已从穿蓝色结婚礼服，演变成后来的在新娘的结婚礼服下摆处缝上一圈蓝色的镶边，再演变到现代的普遍做法——新娘用蓝色的吊袜带。
六便士银币在新娘的左脚鞋子里放一枚六便士银币据说是财富的象征。它不仅代表财产上的富有，还代表婚姻生活的幸福与快乐。由于今天许多新娘恐怕连一枚六便士是什么样子都不知道，传统习俗的这一部分在现代婚礼中已经不常被遵守。但是，如果新娘想要在她的婚礼中包括这一项目，她可以从许多出售如吊袜带和请柬等婚礼用品的公司里买到六便士银币。
有些较为传统的新娘或许会花很多心思选择每一件服饰。传统的做法是：同一家族的女性佩戴同一件首饰。
而有些新娘不太为传统所束缚，但在别人的请求下也会遵循这一传统。如果她们不想面面俱到，她们可以就携带一个小小的珠子手袋，里面装有两块手帕——她们可以买一块新的白色手帕，然后从家人那里借一块蓝色手帕，这样她们就“有新”——白色手帕，还“有旧、有借、有蓝”——蓝色手帕。手帕在婚礼中正好可以派上用唱—擦拭喜悦的泪水！
The wedding tradition of“something old, something new, something borrowed, something blue” has been around for hundreds of years. Many brides have been asked on their respective wedding days if they have gathered something old, new, borrowed and blue to carry with them as they walk down the aisle. The tradition of carrying or wearing one of each item is said to bring luck and fortune to the newly married couple. Have you ever stopped to think what the saying really means？ What is its origin and what does each item represent？The original saying dates back to the Victoria times and states,“Something old, something new, something borrowed, something blue and a silver sixpence in your shoe.” Something old...A bride may wear or carry something old to represent her continued ties to her family and her old life. Many brides wear a piece of family jewelry as their old item. Some brides wear the wedding dress worn by their mother or grandmother. In many cases, something old may also be something borrowed. Something new...Wearing something new is supposed to represent success and hope in the bride’s new life and in her marriage. If the bride purchased her wedding dress new, it may represent her new item, but any item that is new may be used. Something“new” is usually the easiest category1 to fill. Something borrowed...The borrowed item should be something borrowed from a friend that is happily married. It is suggested that their happiness will rub off on2 you and bring lasting happiness to your marriage. Some brides borrow an item of clothing, a piece of jewelry, a handkerchief or perhaps a beaded purse. Something blue...Wearing something blue dates back to biblical3 times when a blue wedding dress was worn to represent purity, fidelity4 and love. Over time this has changed from wearing a blue dress to wearing just a blue band around the bottom of the bride’s wedding dress to modern times
『贰』 高分求用英文介绍英国文化的文章
1,英国式幽默的介绍
Humor
It is difficult to make generalizations about humor ring the Renaissance because the kinds of things that provoked laughter varied by country, language, and social class. In all parts of Europe, however, laughter was considered an important—even essential—part of life. Scholars often quoted the words of the ancient Greek philosopher ARISTOTLE, who described man as a being capable of laughter. Scholars of drama, medicine, and rhetoric* discussed the nature of humor and laughter. In the fields of drama and fiction, the Renaissance proced some of the greatest comic writers ever.
Humor on the Stage. Comedy played a major role in both formal and informal performances throughout the Renaissance. Renaissance festivals often featured comic performances that made a mockery of the established social order. The most important of these festivals was Carnival, a period of revelry before the sober days of Lent (the 40 weekdays leading up to Easter). Carnival festivities in all parts of Europe included comic plays. French celebrations involved "fools' plays," known as sotties, while Polish events included crude comedies in a realistic style. Songs with mocking or obscene lyrics also formed a part of some Carnival events.
Some early plays featured political humor. The French king Louis XII encouraged political comedies because they helped him to learn what was going on in the state. Other comedies based their humor on stock characters and themes, such as a cheating wife deceiving her dim-witted husband. Although most of these early farces* were penned by unnamed authors, a few well-known poets wrote in this style in France and England. In Italy, a kind of farce called COMMEDIA DELL'ARTE developed in the 1500s. Commedia dell'arte also involved standard character types caught in typical situations. This style of drama featured physical action and broad comedy, with plots ranging from the fairly realistic to the wildly fantastic. Humanist* comedies provided a more intellectual alternative to farce. Humanists of the Renaissance imitated the comedies of the ancient Roman playwrights Plautus and Terence. This classical* style of comedy arose in Italy and spread across Europe. The Italian statesman and author Niccolò MACHIAVELLI proced an obscene comedy called The Mandrake Root that is widely viewed as a masterpiece. Another brilliant work in this style is Ralph Roister Doister, by the English playwright Nicolas Udall.
In addition to staged performances, humor had a regular place at royal and noble courts in the person of the fool, or jester. Dressed in a costume that featured a cap with bells on it, the fool was the one person at the court allowed to ridicule everyone and everything. Fools appeared often as characters in literary works, such as the plays of William SHAKESPEARE. However, the fool's function was not always strictly comical. In many works, he served more to instruct than to amuse.
Humor on the Page. Like the drama of the period, literature of the 1400s and 1500s was largely comic. Renaissance humanists frequently gathered humorous material from classical Greek and Roman literature. They particularly enjoyed collecting short Latin works called facetiae, which could be jokes, serious stories, riddles, or moral fables. Humanists usually did not explain why they chose particular stories for their joke collections. Some, including the Italian poet PETRARCH, drew heavily on the ideas of the ancient Roman writer CICERO about what was funny.
Humanists also enjoyed creating their own humor—especially for the purpose of satire*. The Dutch scholar Desiderius ERASMUS was particularly good at using humor in his satire. One of his funniest works, "The Abbot* and the Learned Lady," ends with the laughter of the witty, ecated lady who has outsmarted the rude, ignorant churchman. German and French humanists of the 1500s proced some extremely funny works of satire by writing mock letters in deliberately bad Latin.
Other Renaissance writers turned to verse for their comedy. One of the Italian comic writers' favorite forms was the mock epic*, a takeoff on a highly respected literary form. The famous poem Orlando Furioso (Mad Roland), by the Italian poet Ludovico ARIOSTO, contains elements of the mock epic style. Another well-known mock epic is The Chess Game by Jan Kochanowski, Poland's most famous Renaissance poet. Poets in England or France do not appear to have used this style, but they did mock the conventions* of other poetic forms. For example, Petrarch had set certain standards for love poetry that involved praising the beloved in extravagant terms. Later writers made fun of Petrarch's style, as in Shakespeare's well-known sonnet "My mistress' eyes are nothing like the sun."
Humor appeared in both long and short fiction works ring the Renaissance. Miguel de CERVANTES of Spain and François RABELAIS of France incorporated humor in novels that are still widely read today. Most French comic authors wrote shorter stories, often inspired by Italian sources. For example, MARGARET OF NAVARRE based several comic stories in her Heptameron on the famous Decameron (1353) by Italian author Giovanni BOCCACCIO. Some French stories, such as the collection How to Succeed, by Béroalde de Verville (written around 1612), were highly obscene.
In England one popular form of humor was the "jest," a very short story with a punch line (much like a modern joke). Writers collected these comic stories into jestbooks, which were similar to the Italian collections of facetiae. Jestbooks also became popular in Germany in the late 1500s, and some examples appeared in Spain and Italy.
Humor in the Visual Arts. The comic elements found in Renaissance literature also appeared in the art of the period. Art often used humor to deliver moral or religious messages. During the Protestant Reformation*, Protestant leaders put out illustrated pamphlets that portrayed their enemies as animals or showed the devil playing a Catholic monk like a musical instrument. However, not all humorous art had a moral message. In the late 1520s artist Giulio Romano painted a room at a palace in Mantua with lifelike figures of giants who appear to be pulling down the walls and pillars of the room. This witty style of illusion, known as trompe l'oeil (fool the eye), was very popular at the time.
In the early 1500s, artists began painting in a style known as grotesque, based on ancient Roman wall paintings. Grotesques often portray humans and animals in a fantastic manner, with leaves, flowers, and curly lines where arms and legs should be. The famous Italian artist MICHELANGELO BUONARROTI created several works in this style. Many grotesques still exist on the walls of museums and Italian palaces. Humor also found its way into Renaissance sculpture. The Boboli Gardens of Florence, Italy, built in the 1500s, contain such comic statues as a fat dwarf sitting on a turtle.
2,英国街头文化
Hip hop is a cultural movement that developed in New York City in the 1970s primarily among Black Americans and Latino Americans. It was DJ Afrika Bambaataa that outlined the five pillars of hip-hop culture: MCing, DJing, breaking, graffiti writing, and knowledge。Other elements include beatboxing, hip hop fashion, and slang. Since first emerging in the Bronx, the lifestyle of hip hop culture has spread around the world。 When hip hop music began to emerge, it was based around disc jockeys who created rhythmic beats by looping breaks (small portions of songs emphasizing a percussive pattern) on two turntables. This was later accompanied by "rapping" (a rhythmic style of chanting) and beatboxing, a vocal technique mainly used to imitate percussive elements of the music and various technical effects of hip hop DJs. An original form of dancing and particular styles of dress arose among followers of this new music. These elements experienced considerable refinement and development over the course of the history of the culture.
Musicologists often identify the following characteristics as typical of the pop music genre:
a focus on the indivial song or singles, rather than on extended works or albums
an aim of appealing to a general audience, rather than to a particular sub-culture or ideology
an emphasis on craftsmanship rather than formal "artistic" qualities
an emphasis on recording, proction, and technology, over live performance
a tendency to reflect existing trends rather than progressive developments
The main medium of pop music is the song, often between two and a half and three and a half minutes in length, generally marked by a consistent and noticeable rhythmic element, a mainstream style and a simple traditional structure. Common variants include the verse-chorus form and the thirty-two-bar form, with a focus on melodies and catchy hooks, and a chorus that contrasts melodically, rhythmically and harmonically with the verse.The beat and the melodies tend to be simple, with limited harmonic accompaniment.The lyrics of modern pop songs typically focus on simple themes – often love and romantic relationships – although there are notable exceptions.
Pop music is a music genre that developed from the mid-1950s as a softer alternative to rock 'n' roll and later to rock music. It has a focus on commercial recording, often orientated towards a youth market, usually through the medium of relatively short and simple love songs. While these basic elements of the genre have remained fairly constant, pop music has absorbed influences from most other forms of popular music, particularly borrowing from the development of rock music, and utilizing key technological innovations to proce new variations on existing themes.
3,英国古典文化
哥特式
Gothicismus, Gothism, or Gothicism (Swedish: Göticism) is the name given to what is considered to have been a cultural movement in Sweden. The founders of the movement were Nicolaus Ragvaldi, the brothers Johannes Magnus, Olaus Magnus and Olof Rudbeck d.ä.. They all held the belief that the Goths had originally lived in Sweden. This belief continued to hold power in the 17th century, when Sweden was a great power following the Thirty Years' War, but lost most of its sway in the 18th. It was revitalized by national romanticism in the early 19th century, this time with the vikings as heroic figures.
The name is derived from Jordanes's account of the Gothic urheimat in Scandinavia (Scandza), and the Gothicists in Sweden believed that the Goths had originated from Sweden. Some scholars in Denmark also attempted to identify the Goths with the Jutes, however, these ideas did not lead to the same widespread cultural movement in the Danish society as it did in the Swedish. In contrast with the Swedes, the Danes of this era did not forward claims to political legitimacy based on assertions that their country was the original homeland of the Goths and that the conquest of the Roman Empire was proof of their own country's military valor and power through history
The Gothicismus movement took pride in the Gothic tradition that the Ostrogoths and their king Theodoric the Great who assumed power in the Roman Empire had Scandinavian ancestry. This pride was expressed as early as the medieval chronicles, where chroniclers wrote about the Goths as the ancestors of the Scandinavians, and it permeated the writings of the Swedish writer Johannes Magnus (Historia de omnibus gothorum seonumque regibus) and his brother Olaus Magnus (Historia de gentibus septentrionalibus). Both works had a large impact on contemporary scholarship in Sweden.
During the 17th century, Danes and Swedes competed for the collection and publication of Iceland manuscripts, Norse sagas, and the two Eddas. In Sweden, the Icelandic manuscripts became part of an origin myth and were seen as proof that the greatness and heroism of the old Geats had been passed down through the generations to the current population. This pride culminated in the publication of Olaus Rudbeck's Atland eller Manheim (1679–1702), where he claimed that Sweden was identical to Atlantis.
维多利亚风格
Victorian fashion comprises the various fashions and trends in British culture that emerged and grew in prominence throughout the Victorian era and the reign of Victoria, a period which would last from June 1837 to January 1901. Covering nearly two thirds of the 19th century, the 63 year reign would see numerous changes in fashion. These changes would include, but not be limited to, changes in clothing, architecture, literature, and the decorative and visual arts.
Varieties of Victorian architecture：
Styles conceived in the Victorian era
British Arts and Crafts movement
Instrial architecture
Painted Ladies
Queen Anne (Stick-Eastlake)
Second Empire
Jacobethan (the precursor to the Queen Anne style)
Neo-Grec
Renaissance Revival
Romanesque Revival (includes Richardsonian Romanesque)
[edit] Other movements popularized in the period
While not uniquely Victorian, and part of revivals that began before the era, these styles are strongly associated with the Victorian era e to the large number of examples that were erected in that period
Gothic Revival
Italianate
Neoclassicism
爵位分类：
Peers are of five ranks, in descending order of hierarchy:
Duke comes from the Latin x, leader. Created in 1337.
Marquess comes from the French marquis, which is a derivative of marche or march. This is a reference to the English borders ("marches") with Wales and Scotland, a relationship more evident in the feminine form: Marchioness. Created in 1385.
Earl comes from the Old English or Anglo-Saxon eorl, a military leader. The meaning may have been affected by the Old Norse jarl, meaning free-born warrior or nobleman, ring the Danelaw, thus giving rise to the modern sense. Since there was no feminine Old English or Old Norse equivalent for the term, "Countess" is used (an Earl is analogous to the Continental count), from the Latin comes. Created circa 800-1000.
Viscount comes from the Latin vicecomes, vice-count. Created in 1440.
Baron comes from the Old Germanic baro, freeman. Created in 1066.
In Scotland, the fifth rank is called a Lord of Parliament, as Barons are holders of feudal dignities, not peers. Baronets, while holders of hereditary titles, are not peers. Knights, Dames, and holders of other non-hereditary British honors are also not peers.
For peers, the various titles are in the form of (Rank) (Name of Title) or (Rank) of (Name of Title). The name of the title can either be a place name or a surname. The precise usage depends on the rank of the peerage and on certain other general considerations. Dukes always use of. Marquesses and Earls whose titles are based on place names normally use of, while those whose titles are based on surnames normally do not. Viscounts, Barons and Lords of Parliament do not use of. However, there are several exceptions to the rule. For instance, Scottish vicecomital titles theoretically include of, though in practice it is usually dropped. (Thus, the "Viscount of Falkland" is commonly known as the "Viscount Falkland".)
4,英国概述
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK, or Britain) is a sovereign state located off the northwestern coast of continental Europe. It is an island country, spanning an archipelago including Great Britain, the northeastern part of Ireland, and many small islands. Northern Ireland is the only part of the UK with a land border, sharing it with the Republic of Ireland. Apart from this land border, the UK is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean, the North Sea, the English Channel and the Irish Sea. The largest island, Great Britain, is linked to France by the Channel Tunnel.
The United Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy and unitary state consisting of four countries: England, Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales.It is governed by a parliamentary system with its seat of government in London, the capital, but with three devolved national administrations in Belfast, Cardiff and Edinburgh, the capitals of Northern Ireland, Wales and Scotland respectively. The Channel Island liwicks of Jersey and Guernsey, and the Isle of Man are Crown Dependencies and not part of the UK.The UK has fourteen overseas territories, all remnants of the British Empire, which at its height in 1922 encompassed almost a quarter of the world's land surface, the largest empire in history. British influence can continue to be observed in the language, culture and legal systems of many of its former colonies.
The UK is a developed country, with the world's sixth largest economy by nominal GDP and the seventh largest by purchasing power parity。 It was the world's first instrialised country and the world's foremost power ring the 19th and early 20th centuries, but the economic cost of two world wars and the decline of its empire in the latter half of the 20th century diminished its leading role in global affairs. The UK nevertheless remains a major power with strong economic, cultural, military, scientific and political influence. It is a nuclear power and has the fourth highest defence spending in the world. It is a Member State of the European Union, holds a permanent seat on the United Nations Security Council, and is a member of the Commonwealth of Nations, G8, OECD, NATO, and the World Trade Organization.
你说的每一项都写得挺少的
写不下了，也不知道够不，留一下邮箱，我可以继续补充
『叁』 用英语介绍下英国
首先是新华网的中文介绍，其次是CIA的介绍（我比较常用的参考库）
英 国 概 况
国名： 大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国 ( The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland)
国旗：呈横长方形，长与宽之比为2∶1。为“米”字旗，由深蓝底色和红、白色“米”字组成。旗中带白边的红色正十字代表英格兰守护神圣乔治，白色交叉十字代表苏格兰守护神圣安德鲁，红色交叉十字代表爱尔兰守护神圣帕特里克。此旗产生于1801年，是由原英格兰的白地红色正十旗、苏格兰的蓝地白色交叉十字旗和爱尔兰的白地红色交叉十字旗重叠而成。
国徽：即英王徽。中心图案为一枚盾徽，盾面上左上角和右下角为红地上三只金狮，象征英格兰；右上角为金地上半站立的红狮，象征苏格兰；左下角为蓝地上金黄色竖琴，象征爱尔兰。盾徽两侧各由一只头戴王冠、代表英格兰的狮子和一只代表苏格兰的独角兽支扶着。盾徽周围用法文写着一句格言，意为“恶有恶报”；下端悬挂着嘉德勋章，饰带上写着“天有上帝，我有权利”。盾徽上端为镶有珠宝的金银色头盔、帝国王冠和头戴王冠的狮子。
国歌：《上帝保佑女王》 "god save the queen"（如在位的是男性君主，国歌改为"god save the king"）
国花：玫瑰花
国鸟：红胸鸽
国石：钻石
科学节：1831年开始，一年举办一次
科学周：1994年开始，在每年的3月举办
国家政要：女王伊丽莎白二世(Queen Elizabeth II)，1952年2月6日即位，1953年6月2日加冕；上院议长兼大法官欧文勋爵(Lord Irvine of Lairg)，1997年5月任上院议长；下院议长迈克尔·马丁（Michael Martin）；首相托尼·布莱尔(tony blair) ,1997年5月任职，2001年6月连任。
自然地理：24．41万平方公里（包括内陆水域），英格兰地区13. 04万平方公里，苏格兰7. 88万平方公里，威尔士2. 08万平方公里，北爱尔兰1. 41万平方公里。位于欧洲西部的岛国。由大不列颠岛（包括英格兰、苏格兰、威尔士）、爱尔兰岛东北部和周围一些小岛组成。隔北海、多佛尔海峡、英吉利海峡与欧洲大陆相望。它的陆界与爱尔兰共和国接壤。海岸线总长11450公里。全境分为四部分：英格兰东南部平原、中西部山区、苏格兰山区、北爱尔兰高原和山区。主要河流有塞文河（354公里）和泰晤士河（346公里）。北爱尔兰的讷湖（396平方公里）面积居全国之首。属海洋性温带阔叶林气候，终年温和湿润。通常最高气温不超过32℃，最低气温不低于－10℃，平均气温1月4～7℃，7月13～17℃。多雨雾，秋冬尤甚。年平均降水量约1000毫米。北部和西部山区的年降水量超过1600毫米，中部和东部则少于800毫米。每年三月至六月最为干燥，九月至来年一月最为湿润。
人口：5883万（2000年7月），其中英格兰人4930万，苏格兰人510万，威尔士人290万，北爱尔兰人170万。官方和通用语均为英语。威尔士北部还使用威尔士语，苏格兰西北高地及北爱尔兰通用盖尔语。居民多信奉基督教新教，主要分英格兰教会（也称英国国教圣公会，其成员约占英成人的60％）和苏格兰教会（也称长老会，有成年教徒66万）。另有天主教会和印度教、犹太教及伊斯兰教等较大的宗教社团。
首都：伦敦(london)；人口：728．5万（1999年）。最热月份为7月，一般气温在13℃－22℃；最冷月份为1月，一般气温在2℃－6℃。
行政区划：分英格兰、威尔士、苏格兰和北爱尔兰四部分。英格兰划分为43个郡，苏格兰下设29个区和3个特别管辖区，北爱尔兰下设26个区，威尔士下设22个区。苏格兰、威尔士议会及其行政机构全面负责地方事务，外交、国防、总体经济和货币政策、就业政策以及社会保障等仍由中央政府控制。伦敦称“大伦敦”(Greater London)，下设独立的32个城区(London boroughs) 和1个“金融城”(City of London)。各区议会负责各区主要事务，但与大伦敦市长及议会协同处理涉及整个伦敦的事务。此外，英国还有12个属地。
伦 敦 塔 桥
简史：公元前地中海伊比利亚人，比克人，凯尔特人，先后来到不列颠。1－5世纪英格兰东南部为罗马帝国统治。罗马人撤走后，欧洲北部的盎格鲁人、萨克逊人、朱特人相继入侵并定居。7世纪开始形成封建制度，许多小国并成七个王国，争雄达200年之久，称“盎格鲁—撒克逊时代”。829年威塞克斯国王爱格伯特统一了英格兰。8世纪末遭丹麦人侵袭，1016年至1042年为丹麦海盗帝国的一部分。其后经英王短期统治，1066年诺曼底公爵渡海征服英格兰。1215年约翰王被迫签署大宪章，王权遭抑制。1338年至1453 年英法进行“百年战争”，英国先胜后败。1588年击败西班牙“无敌舰队”，树立海上霸权。1640年爆发资产阶级革命。1649年5月19日宣布为共和国。1660年王朝复辟，1668年发生“光荣革命”，确定了君主立宪制。1707年英格兰与苏格兰合并，1801年又与爱尔兰合并。18世纪后半叶至19世纪上半叶，成为世界上第一个完成工业革命的国家。19世纪是大英帝国的全盛时期，1914年占有的殖民地比本土大111倍，是第一殖民大国，自称“日不落帝国”。第一次世界大战后开始衰败。英国于1920年设立北爱兰郡，并于1921年至1922年允许爱尔兰南部脱离其统治，成立独立国家。1931年颁布威斯敏斯特法案，被迫承认其自治领在内政、外交上独立自主，大英帝国殖民体系从此动摇。第二次世界大战中经济实力大为削弱，政治地位下降。随着1947年印度和巴基斯坦的相继独立，到60年代，英帝国殖民体系瓦解。1973年1月加入欧共体。
伦 敦 大 本 钟
政治：英国的宪法不同于绝大多数国家的宪法，并不是一个独立的文件，它是由成文法、习惯法、惯例组成。主要有大宪章（1215年）、人身保护法（1679年）、权利法案（1689年）、议会法（1911、1949年）以及历次修改的选举法、市自治法、郡议会法等。苏格兰另有自己独立的法律体系。政体为君主立宪制。国王是国家元首、最高司法长官、武装部队总司令和英国圣公会的“最高领袖”，形式上有权任免首相、各部大臣、高级法官、军官、各属地的总督、外交官、主教及英国圣公会的高级神职人员等，并有召集、停止和解散议会，批准法律，宣战媾和等权力，但实权在内阁。议会是最高司法和立法机构，由国王、上院和下院组成。上院（贵族院）包括王室后裔、世袭贵族、新封贵族、上诉法院法官和教会大主教及主教组成。1999年11月，上院改革法案通过，除102名留任外，600多名世袭贵族失去上院议员资格，非政治任命的上院议员将由专门的皇家委员会推荐。下院也叫平民院，议员由普选产生，采取最多票当选的小选区选举制度，任期5年。但政府可决定提前大选。政府实行内阁制，由女王任命在议会选举中获多数席位的政党领袖出任首相并组阁，向议会负责。
政党：（1）工党（Labour Party）：执政党。1900年成立，原名劳工代表委员会，1906年改用现名。该党曾于1945－1951年，1964－1970年，1974－1979年上台执政。1997年大选获胜，2001年6月大选后蝉联执政。工党近年来更多倾向于中产阶级的利益，与工会关系有所疏远。布莱尔当选工党领袖后，政治上提出“新工党、新英国”的口号，取消党章中有关公有制的第四条款，经济上主张减少政府干预，严格控制公共开支，保持宏观经济稳定增长，建立现代福利制度。对外主张积极参与国际合作，对欧洲一体化持积极态度，主张加入欧元，主张同美国保持特殊关系。现有党员近40万名，是英国第一大党。（2）保守党（Conservative Party): 主要反对党。前身为1679年成立的托利党，1833年改称现名。该党从1979至1997年4次连续执政，成为20世纪在英国占主导地位的政党。在1997年5月和2001年6月两次大选中惨败于工党。保守党的支持者一般来自企业界和富裕阶层，主张自由市场经济。通过严格控制货币供应量和减少公共开支等措施来压低通货膨胀。主张限制工会权利，加强“法律”和“秩序”。 近年来，提出实行“富有同情心的保守主义”，关注教育、医疗、贫困等社会问题。强调维护英国主权，反对“联邦欧洲”，反对加入欧元，主张建立“大西洋共同体”以加强英美特殊关系。强调北约仍是英国安全与防务的基石。现有党员30多万名。（3）自由民主党(The Liberal Democrat Party)：1988年3月由原自由党和社会民主党内支持同自由党合并的多数派组成。主张继续维持与工党的合作关系，推动工党在地方选举及下院选举中实行比例代表制，在公共服务、社会公正、环境保护等问题上采取比工党更“进步”的政策。现有党员约10万名，是英国第三大党。此外，英国其他政党还有：苏格兰民族党 (Scottish National Party)、威尔士民族党 (Plaid Cymru) 以及北爱尔兰一些政党如：北爱尔兰统一党(Ulster Unionist Party)、民主统一党 (Democratic Unionist Party) 、社会民主工党 (Social Democratic and Labour Party)、新芬党 (Sinn Fein) 等。
大 英 博 物 馆 的 圆 形 阅 览 室
司法：有三种不同的法律体系：英格兰和威尔士实行普通法系，苏格兰实行民法法系，北爱尔兰实行与英格兰相似的法律制度。司法机构分民事法庭和刑事法庭两个系统。在英格兰和威尔士，民事审理机构按级分为郡法院、高等法院、上诉法院民事庭、上院。刑事审理机构按级分为地方法院、刑事法院、上诉法院刑事庭、上院。英国最高司法机关为上院，它是民、刑案件的最终上诉机关。1986年成立皇家检察院，隶属于国家政府机关，负责受理所有的由英格兰和威尔士警察机关提交的刑事诉讼案。总检察长和副总检察长是英政府的主要法律顾问并在某些国内和国际案件中代表王室。
经济： 英国是发达的资本主义国家。其国内生产总值在西方国家中居前列。英国制造业在国民经济中的比重有所下降，仍占领导地位；服务业和能源所占的比重不断增大，其中商业、金融业和保险业发展较快。
伦敦东部码头区新建的金融中心
2000年，英经济规模居世界第四，并连续第二年成为世界最大的海外投资国。私有企业是英国经济的主体，占国内生产总值的60％以上。服务业占国内生产总值的三分之二，而制造业仅占五分之一。能源资源最丰富的国家，也是世界主要生产石油和天然气的国家。主要能源有煤、石油、天然气、核能和水力等。1999年，原油及天然液化气日产量达290万桶（约38. 41万吨），位居世界第九。至1999年底，原油总产量创历史纪录，达23 .31亿吨，天然气总产量为149000亿立方米。英国是世界上第一个满足本国2600万电、气用户的国家。1999年底，总电量达7 . 01亿千瓦，其中核电站供应1. 30亿千瓦。英国采煤业完全私有化。森林覆盖面积270万公顷，占英本土面积约10％：其中英格兰约8％，苏格兰约17％，威尔士约14％，北爱约6％。主要工业有：采矿、冶金、化工、机械、电子、电子仪器、汽车、航空、食品、饮料、烟草、轻纺、造纸、印刷、出版、建筑等。英国重视对新能源及可再生能源的研究开发。英开发核能有几十年的历史，目前供发电的核电站有14座。制造业约占国内生产总值20％，从业人员逾400万，占总就业人口14. 4％。服务业包括金融保险业、零售业、旅游业和商业服务（提供法律及咨询服务等），近年来发展迅速。旅游业是英最重要的经济部门之一。1999年，旅游业产值达640亿英镑；从旅游收入上计算，英国是世界第五大旅游国，收入占世界旅游收入的4. 5％。主要旅游点有伦敦、爱丁堡、加的夫、布赖顿、格林威治、斯特拉福、牛津、剑桥等。英国是世界第五大贸易国，贸易额占世界贸易的5. 6％。进口产品主要有：食品、燃料、原材料、服装、鞋业、电子机械设备、汽车等；出口产品主要有：石油及相关产品、化工产品（主要是医药）、食品、烟草、饮料（威士忌等）、机械设备等。
行 进 在 摩 尔 大 街 上 的 英 国 皇 家 炮 兵 团
军事： 建军时间约在17世纪中期。女王为英军名义上的最高统帅。最高军事决策机构是“国防与海外政策委员会”，首相任主席，成员有国防大臣、外交大臣、内政大臣、财政大臣等；必要时国防参谋长和三军参谋和列席会议。国防部为国防执行机构，既是政府行政部门，又是军事最高司令部。英国是北约集团的创始国和主要成员国，拥有独立的核力量，国家战略的核心是：积极参与世界事务，维护英国的国际地位；依靠和借助北约集体防务力量来保卫欧洲和英国本土的安全，并扩大英在欧洲的影响；积极加强与英联邦国家的联系，保护其广泛的海外利益。1997年5月工党政府上台后，调整国防政策；继续依靠北约集体防务力量作为英国安全的基础；保持强大的常规部队；保持核威慑力量；突出强调质量建军和联合快速反应部队的建设，重点提高英军处理各种危机、应付突发事件的快速反应能力，努力维护英在欧洲及海外传统势力范围的战略利益。实行志愿兵役制，服役期3、6、9、12、15年不等，一般最长为22年。
教育： 实行5－16岁义务教育制度。1998／1999财政年度教育经费占国内生产总值的4．9％。公立学校学生免交学费。私立学校师资条件与教学设备都较好，但收费高，学生多为富家子弟。著名的高等学校有牛津大学、剑桥大学、伦敦政治经济学院、爱丁堡大学。
路 透 社 的 采 编 人 员 在 工 作
新闻出版：英国报纸的人均销量比任何发达国家的都多。全国共有约1350种报纸，7000种周刊和杂志：《每日快报》、《每日邮报》、《每日镜报》、《每日星报》、《太阳报》、《金融时报》、《每日电讯报》、《卫报》、《独立报》、《泰晤士报》、《世界新闻》、《星期日快报》、《星期日镜报》、《星期日邮报》、《人民报》、《星期日电讯报》、《观察家报》和《星期日泰晤士报》。通讯社主要有3家：（1）路透社：1850年成立，集体合营，世界重要通讯社之一，总部设在伦敦。（2）新闻联合社：1868年创办，由PA新闻、PA体育、PA检索和PA数据设计4家公司联合经营，专门为英国和加拿大的企业提供公关和投资信息。（3）AFX新闻有限公司：由法新社与金融时报联合经营，向欧洲的金融及企业界提供信息和服务，在欧洲12个国家、美国及日本设立分支机构，总部在伦敦。英国广播公司（无线电广播网）（BBCNetwork Radio）于1922年创办。该公司有5个对内广播电台，1个对外广播电台，用43种语言向全世界各国播放节目。英国广播公司(电视台) （ BBCTelevision）于1936年开始播放电视，有两个台：BBC1主要播放新闻、宗教、体育、歌剧及少儿和娱乐节目，BBC2主要播放音乐、艺术、喜剧、教育及一些特别节目。另有5个数码频道供交费用户使用。广播电台局(the Radio Authority)负责批准及管理所有独立电台的服务，监督节目及广告质量。独立电视委员会(Independent Television Commission)负责批准和规管商业电视台服务，拥有ITV（第三频道）、第四频道和第五频道。ITV节目始播于1955年，24小时全天服务，面向全国，三分之一时间播放新闻，其它时间播放体育、喜剧、游戏和电影等。主要靠广告赞助。第五频道始播于1997年3月。随着因特网的迅猛发展，各主要报刊、电视均有网络版，其中BBC在线是被访问最多的网站。
伯明翰市维多利亚女王广场上的市政厅大楼
外交：英国为联合国安理会常任理事国，是世界五个核大国之一，是欧盟、北约、英联邦、西欧联盟等120个国际组织的重要成员国。主张同美国加强关系，重视发展与其他大国的关系，努力改善同中、俄、日等大国的关系。努力维系同英联邦国家的联系，保持和扩大在发展中国家的影响。积极参与全球事务，保持强大的国防力量、强调自由贸易。加强在环境保护、人权、发展等问题上的国际合作。将人权问题作为其外交政策的核心。
与中国关系：1950年1月宣布承认中华人民共和国。1954年6月17日中英达成互派代办的协议。1972年3月13日两国签订了升格为大使级外交关系的联合公报。1982年9月，英国首相撒切尔夫人作为英国第一位在职首相访华。1984年12月，英国首相撒切尔夫人再次访华，与中国领导人共同签署了中英关于香港问题的联合声明。
Introction United Kingdom Top of Page
Background:
Great Britain, the dominant instrial and maritime power of the 19th century, played a leading role in developing parliamentary democracy and in advancing literature and science. At its zenith, the British Empire stretched over one-fourth of the earth's surface. The first half of the 20th century saw the UK's strength seriously depleted in two World Wars. The second half witnessed the dismantling of the Empire and the UK rebuilding itself into a modern and prosperous European nation. As one of five permanent members of the UN Security Council, a founding member of NATO, and of the Commonwealth, the UK pursues a global approach to foreign policy; it currently is weighing the degree of its integration with continental Europe. A member of the EU, it chose to remain outside the Economic and Monetary Union for the time being. Constitutional reform is also a significant issue in the UK. The Scottish Parliament, the National Assembly for Wales, and the Northern Ireland Assembly were established in 1999, but the latter is suspended e to wrangling over the peace process.
Geography United Kingdom Top of Page
Location:
Western Europe, islands including the northern one-sixth of the island of Ireland between the North Atlantic Ocean and the North Sea, northwest of France
Geographic coordinates:
54 00 N, 2 00 W
Map references:
Europe
Area:
total: 244,820 sq km
land: 241,590 sq km
water: 3,230 sq km
note: includes Rockall and Shetland Islands
Area - comparative:
slightly smaller than Oregon
Land boundaries:
total: 360 km
border countries: Ireland 360 km
Coastline:
12,429 km
Maritime claims:
territorial sea: 12 nm
exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm
continental shelf: as defined in continental shelf orders or in accordance with agreed upon boundaries
Climate:
temperate; moderated by prevailing southwest winds over the North Atlantic Current; more than one-half of the days are overcast
Terrain:
mostly rugged hills and low mountains; level to rolling plains in east and southeast
Elevation extremes:
lowest point: The Fens -4 m
highest point: Ben Nevis 1,343 m
Natural resources:
coal, petroleum, natural gas, iron ore, lead, zinc, gold, tin, limestone, salt, clay, chalk, gypsum, potash, silica sand, slate, arable land
Land use:
arable land: 23.23%
permanent crops: 0.2%
other: 76.57% (2005)
Irrigated land:
1,700 sq km (2003)
Natural hazards:
winter windstorms; floods
Environment - current issues:
continues to rece greenhouse gas emissions (has met Kyoto Protocol target of a 12.5% rection from 1990 levels and intends to meet the legally binding target and move toward a domestic goal of a 20% cut in emissions by 2010); by 2005 the government aims to rece the amount of instrial and commercial waste disposed of in landfill sites to 85% of 1998 levels and to recycle or compost at least 25% of household waste, increasing to 33% by 2015; between 1998-99 and 1999-2000, household recycling increased from 8.8% to 10.3%
Environment - international agreements:
party to: Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Sulfur 94, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Antarctic-Marine Living Resources, Antarctic Seals, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Marine Life Conservation, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands, Whaling
signed, but not ratified: Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants
Geography - note:
lies near vital North Atlantic sea lanes; only 35 km from France and linked by tunnel under the English Channel; because of heavily indented coastline, no location is more than 125 km from tidal waters
People United Kingdom Top of Page
Population:
60,609,153 (July 2006 est.)
Age structure:
0-14 years: 17.5% (male 5,417,663/female 5,161,714)
15-64 years: 66.8% (male 20,476,571/female 19,988,959)
65 years and over: 15.8% (male 4,087,020/female 5,477,226) (2006 est.)
Median age:
total: 39.3 years
male: 38.2 years
female: 40.4 years (2006 est.)
Population growth rate:
0.28% (2006 est.)
Birth rate:
10.71 births/1,000 population (2006 est.)
Death rate:
10.13 deaths/1,000 population (2006 est.)
Net migration rate:
2.18 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2006 est.)
Sex ratio:
at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female
15-64 years: 1.02 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.75 male(s)/female
total population: 0.98 male(s)/female (2006 est.)
Infant mortality rate:
total: 5.08 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 5.67 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 4.47 deaths/1,000 live births (2006 est.)
Life expectancy at birth:
total population: 78.54 years
male: 76.09 years
female: 81.13 years (2006 est.)
Total fertility rate:
1.66 children born/woman (2006 est.)
HIV/AIDS - alt prevalence rate:
0.2% (2001 est.)
HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS:
51,000 (2001 est.)
HIV/AIDS - deaths:
less than 500 (2003 est.)
Nationality:
noun: Briton(s), British (collective plural)
adjective: British
Ethnic groups:
white (of which English 83.6%, Scottish 8.6%, Welsh 4.9%, Northern Irish 2.9%) 92.1%, black 2%, Indian 1.8%, Pakistani 1.3%, mixed 1.2%, other 1.6% (2001 census)
Religions:
Christian (Anglican, Roman Catholic, Presbyterian, Methodist) 71.6%, Muslim 2.7%, Hin 1%, other 1.6%, unspecified or none 23.1% (2001 census)
Languages:
English, Welsh (about 26% of the population of Wales), Scottish form of Gaelic (about 60,000 in Scotland)
Literacy:
definition: age 15 and over has completed five or more years of schooling
total population: 99%
male: 99%
female: 99% (2003 est.)
Government United Kingdom Top of Page
Country name:
conventional long form: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland; note - Great Britain includes England, Scotland, and Wales
conventional short form: United Kingdom
abbreviation: UK
Government type:
constitutional monarchy
Capital:
London
Administrative divisions:
England: 47 boroughs, 36 counties, 29 London boroughs, 12 cities and boroughs, 10 districts, 12 cities, 3 royal boroughs
boroughs: Barnsley, Blackburn with Darwen, Blackpool, Bolton, Bournemouth, Bracknell Forest, Brighton and Hove, Bury, Calderdale, Darlington, Doncaster, Dudley, Gateshead, Halton, Hartlepool, Kirklees, Knowsley, Luton, Medway, Middlesbrough, Milton Keynes, North Tyneside, Oldham, Poole, Reading, Redcar and Cleveland, Rochdale, Rotherham, Sandwell, Sefton, Slough, Solihull, Southend-on-Sea, South Tyneside, St. Helens, Stockport, Stockton-on-Tees, Swindon, Tameside, Thurrock, Torbay, Trafford, Walsall, Warrington, Wigan, Wirral, Wolverhampton
counties (or unitary authorities): Bedfordshire, Buckinghamshire, Cambridgeshire, Cheshire, Cornwall, Cumbria, Derbyshire, Devon, Dorset, Durham, East Sussex, Essex, Gloucestershire, Hampshire, Herefordshire, He
『肆』 用英语怎样介绍英国
England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom.It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west. The Irish Sea lies northwest of England and the Celtic Sea lies to the southwest. England is separated from continental Europe by the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south. The country covers much of the central and southern part of the island of Great Britain, which lies in theNorth Atlantic; and includes over 100 smaller islands such as the Isles of Scilly, and the Isle of Wight.
The area now called England was first inhabited by modern humans ring the Upper Palaeolithic period, but takes its name from the Angles, one of theGermanic tribes who settled ring the 5th and 6th centuries. England became a unified state in the 10th century, and since the Age of Discovery, which began ring the 15th century, has had a significant cultural and legal impact on the wider world. The English language, the Anglican Church, andEnglish law – the basis for the common law legal systems of many other countries around the world – developed in England, and the country'sparliamentary system of government has been widely adopted by other nations.The Instrial Revolution began in 18th-century England, transforming its society into the world's first instrialised nation.
『伍』 用英文介绍英国景点
Welcome to Cambridge- home of the famous University, carols in King's College Chapel and punting on the river Cam. Cambridge is a compact cosmopolitan city with outstanding architecture old and new. The beauty of its ancient centre is preserved with its walkable medieval streets, college courts, gardens and bridges.
What's On
Things to See and Do
Walks and Guided Tours
Restaurants, bars, cafes
FestivalsCambridge is a delight to visit in any season: relax in its many pubs, restaurants and cafes whilst exploring the independent shops around the historic market place. There are brand new shopping areas too, with all the high street favourites that you would expect.
Be inspired by the museums and art galleries; spot the stars of the future at a student theatrical proction, or see a show at the Arts Theatre. Film, live music of all kinds, poetry readings, public lectures - enter into the intellectual life of the students while you are here.
Cambridge is easy to get to by road, rail or air - just 50 minutes from central London and 20 minutes from London Stansted Airport.
There is too much to see in a day. Stay a few nights in a Cambridge hotel or bed and breakfast and explore the market towns and country houses around Cambridge.
『陆』 怎么用英语介绍英国的冬天
British weather is often described as variable. It varies so much because, as an island, the weather is affected by the temperature of the surrounding seas. It is also influenced by the European land mass. Another contributor to the ever changing British weather is the Gulf Stream that brings warm water across the Atlantic ocean.
『柒』 英国风俗用英语介绍！
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK, or Britain) is a sovereign state located off the northwestern coast of continental Europe. It is an island country, spanning an archipelago including Great Britain, the northeastern part of Ireland, and many small islands. Northern Ireland is the only part of the UK with a land border, sharing it with the Republic of Ireland. Apart from this land border, the UK is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean, the North Sea, the English Channel and the Irish Sea. The largest island, Great Britain, is linked to France by the Channel Tunnel.The United Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy and unitary state consisting of four countries: England, Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales. It is governed by a parliamentary system with its seat of government in London, the capital, but with three devolved national administrations in Belfast, Cardiff and Edinburgh, the capitals of Northern Ireland, Wales and Scotland respectively. The Channel Island liwicks of Jersey and Guernsey, and the Isle of Man are Crown Dependencies and not part of the UK. The UK has fourteen overseas territories, all remnants of the British Empire, which at its height in 1922 encompassed almost a quarter of the world's land surface, the largest empire in history. British influence can continue to be observed in the language, culture and legal systems of many of its former colonies.我这些是从 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UK 复制下来的，楼主你可以上去看一下，而且在语言栏上还有中文（不过不是完全一样的，楼主你要注意一下哦）希望能帮到你，楼主！！
『捌』 用英语介绍美国和英国带翻译
美国
美利坚合众国是一个由五十个州和一个联邦直辖特区组成的宪政联邦共和制国家，东濒大西洋，西临太平洋，北靠加拿大，南接墨西哥。美国是个多文化和民族多元的国家；国土面积超过962万平方公里，位居全球第三或第四；人口总量超过三亿人，居世界第三。1776年7月4日，大陆会议在费城正式通过《独立宣言》，宣告美国诞生。自1870年以来，美国国民经济就高居全球第一。美国是联合国安理会五个常任理事国之一，当今的国内生产总值超过全球20%，其在经济、政治、科技、军事、娱乐等诸多领域的巨大影响力均领衔全球，是目前世界上唯一的超级大国。
The United States is one of the fifty states and one federal district. Constitutional federal republic, east to the Atlantic, West Pacific, north of Canada, south of Mexico. The United States of America is a multicultural and multi-ethnic country; land area more than 9620000 square kilometers, ranking third in the world or in fourth; the total population of over three hundred million people, ranking third in the world. In July 4, 1776, the Continental Congress in Philadelphia formally adopted the" Declaration of independence", declaring the United States was born. Since 1870, the United States national economy at first in the world. The United States is the United Nations Security Council's five permanent members, today's GDP exceeded 20% in the world, the economic, political, scientific, military, entertainment and many other fields have led the huge influence of global, is currently the world's only superpower.
英国
英国全称大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国，是由英格兰、苏格兰、威尔士和北爱尔兰组成的联合王国，一统于一个中央政府和国家元首。英国位于欧洲大陆西北面，英国本土位于大不列颠群岛，被北海、英吉利海峡、凯尔特海、爱尔兰海和大西洋包围。英国是世界上第一个工业化国家，是一个具有多元文化和开放思想的社会。它在19世纪和20世纪早期是世界上最强大的国家，但是经过两次世界大战和20世纪下半叶大英帝国的崩溃，早已失去昔日荣光。不过，英国仍是一个在世界范围内拥有巨大影响力的举足轻重的强国。首都伦敦是欧洲最大和最具国际特色的城市。
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, is from England, Scotland, Welsh and Northern Ireland United Kingdom, unified in a central government and head of state. Britain is located in northwest Europe, United Kingdom is located in the British Isles, Beihai, the English channel, the Celtic Sea, Irish Sea and around the Atlantic. England is the first instrialized country in the world, is a multi-cultural and open minded society. In nineteenth Century and early twentieth Century is the most powerful country in the world, but after the two World War and the second half of the twentieth Century the British Empire's collapse, has lost its former glory. However, the UK remains a worldwide had enormous influence on the power play a decisive role. London is Europe's largest and most international city.
『玖』 如何用英文介绍英国文化（传统习俗饮食）。
English style of eating habits is also easy, pay attention to nutrition. Breakfast is usually porridge milk or a cup of red juice, coated with butter toast, fried bacon or sausage, eggs. At noon, the children eat lunch at school, alts at lunch on the job on the vicinity to buy a sandwich, a cup of coffee on, just kill. Only to the weekend, the British people will be rich on a table. Usually the main course is meat, such as grilled chicken, roast beef, fish and so on. A wide variety of vegetables, like cabbage, fresh peas, potatoes, carrots and so on. Vegetables in general are no longer processed, mounted on a tray, poured from the supermarket to buy ready-made sauce will be consumed. After the main course there will always be together digestible of sweets, such as cooking fruit, fruit pudding, cheese, ice cream and so on.
Fried fish and fries (Fish and chips)
This is the traditional British fast food nation (fast
food). It is in the 19th century 60's pop up. At that time, the railway put start fresh fish one night directly (direct) transported from the east coast to London. English at the fish paste on top ofgood deep-fried in oil, and fried potatoes be eaten together. People put a mixture of salt and vinegar sauce and pour it into the article on fish and potatoes, with a newspaper bag, and then eat from the paper in hand. Today, people often use a clean paper packaging, and to provide a fork (fork).
Cha (Tea)
British National enjoy a cup of tea. At the traditional British (tradition) on people with porcelain tea cup, one person a cup, a spoonful of tea. The majority of British people like to drink strong tea, but I want to add much milk. Many years ago, people used to put milk into the cup, then add the tea, and finally add water.
Coffee (Coffee)
Now in the United Kingdom, as popularity of coffee and tea. People either do not add milk or add milk, or drink coffee or preparing a new instant coffee.
Wine (Wine)
English wine instry is very strong. More and more of the many vineyards are procing wine and red wine (red
wine). English pubs everywhere, has several flavors, each with 10,000 large and small pubs, which have many hundreds of years of history, this old pub is usually haunted legends, it is interesting that not only did not care about the owner, but also his house ghost Li Chuan-story as the general put on a table in each. Something fishy about the pub business better and sell more expensive.
Eating habits with knife and fork pyronaridine ~
British people generally preferred way of cooking there is: cooked in soy and vinegar, barbecue, fried and fried. Of meat, seafood, game cooking methods are unique; However, the categories of the beef they have special preferences, such as barbecue beef (ROASTED BEEF), is attached not only in the consumption of seasonal vegetables, baked potato, but also will add some steak on the mustard sauce; at the use of seasoning on the butter and liquor preferences; at spice up the taste of meat Kou, cinnamon and other spices fresh.
The more well-known British cuisine has: beef kidney allocation (STEAK KIDNEY PIE), fish Pai (ENGLISH FISH CHIP), the Royal butter chicken (CHICKEN A LA KING) and so on. British people enjoy hunting, only once a year at the hunting period, there is much of the hotel or restaurant will be introced to game meal, such as deer (VENISON), rabbits (HARE), pheasant (PHEASANT),, such as cooking. General cooking game when using some gin or berries and wine, this approach is in order to remove the smell of mutton flavor of the food itself.
Breakfast is very important to the British people, British restaurants in the supply of a wide range of meals, have fruit juice, fruit, eggs, meat, wheat porridge category, bread, jam and coffee. Nowadays the popular afternoon tea (HIGH TEA) is the mass from the United Kingdom, and its more famous there is Victoria-style VICTORIAN STYLE), the contents can be said to be all-inclusive, including all kinds of small points, muffin, fruit tarts (TARTE ) and sandwiches. Supper on the daily lives of English is also one of the most important part of the meal of their choice is usually late, and are eating betterto promote friendship between meals can imagine they belong to are very autonomous nation, and a supper for them could take hours.
The United Kingdom at the local, there will be lot of people who love to drink, mainly because it itself is also a wine procing country. English at the cost of alcohol consumption on the expenditure than the other also to the many.
Nobu Restaurant
This is a world-renowned Japanese-style sushi restaurant, perfect interpretation of the cultural diversity of London. Enjoy the best way is to let the staff recommend, another is called a reversal of the world's black cod, point of confusing the champagne glass. Of course, the best have someone else foot the bill! Remember the location you want in advance, otherwise.
St. John's Restaurant
Very authentic British restaurant, under the name of the solemn nostalgia,thick sauce, verytraditional British dishes. Pig here are LOGO, shows a simple kick! Have to roast whole pigs, Yorktraditional rural English dishes. Confections are a weight of more down 2,3个. Good to eat! Ensure that you spot, the United Kingdom must go FREE to try!
Hakkasan Restaurant
An average consumption of 60 pounds in London's top restaurants. Is not a false faceskill, newspapers comment on is "the history of the sexiest Chinese restaurant", are impartial appraisal. Hot and sour soup, pipa ck, pork Doo British sparkling wine, Greece white Portuguese. It seems that Chinese and Western, at tip of tongue on an.
『拾』 用英文介绍英国（介绍完后用中文翻译）
The United Kingdom of and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain, is a sovereign state in Europe. Lying off the north-western coast of the European mainland, the country includes the island of Great Britain (a term also applied loosely to refer to the whole country), the north-eastern part of the island of Ireland, and many smaller islands. Northern Ireland is the only part of the UK that shares a land border with another state: the Republic of Ireland. Apart from this land border, the UK is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean, with the North Sea in the east and the English Channel in the south. The Irish Sea lies between Great Britain and Ireland. The UK has an area of 243,610 square kilometres (94,060 sq mi), making it the 78th-largest sovereign state in the world and the 11th-largest in Europe.
The United Kingdom is the 22nd-most populous country, with an estimated 64.1 million inhabitants. It is a constitutional monarchy with a parliamentary system of governance. Its capital city is London, an important global city and financial centre with the fourth-largest urban area in Europe. The current monarch—since 6 February 1952—is Queen Elizabeth II. The UK consists of four countries: England, Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland. The latter three have devolved administrations, each with varying powers, based in their capitals, Edinburgh, Cardiff, and Belfast, respectively. Guernsey, Jersey, and the Isle of Man are not part of the United Kingdom, being Crown dependencies with the British Government responsible for defence and international representation. The UK has fourteen Overseas Territories,including the disputed Falkland Islands, Gibraltar, and Indian Ocean Territory.
The relationships among the countries of the United Kingdom have changed over time. Wales was annexed by the Kingdom of England under the Acts of Union of 1536 and 1543. A treaty between England and Scotland resulted in a unified Kingdom of Great Britain in 1707, which in 1801, merged with the Kingdom of Ireland to form the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. In 1922, five-sixths of Ireland seceded from the country, leaving the present formulation of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.British Overseas Territories, formerly colonies, are the remnants of the British Empire which, at its height in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, encompassed almost a quarter of the world's land mass and was the largest empire in history. British influence can be observed in the language, culture, and legal systems of many of its former colonies.
The United Kingdom is a developed country and has the world's sixth-largest economy by nominal GDP and tenth-largest by purchasing power parity. The country is considered to have a high-income economy and is categorised as very high in the Human Development Index, currently ranking 14th in the world. It was the world's first instrialised country and the world's foremost power ring the 19th and early 20th centuries. The UK remains a great power with considerable economic, cultural, military, scientific, and political influence internationally. It is a recognised nuclear weapons state and its military expenditure ranks fifth or sixth in the world. The UK has been a permanent member of the United Nations Security Council since its first session in 1946. It has been a member state of the European Union (EU) and its predecessor, the European Economic Community (EEC), since 1973; it is also a member of the Commonwealth of Nations, the Council of Europe, the G7, the G8, the G20, NATO, the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), and the World Trade Organization (WTO)
英国和北爱尔兰，俗称为英国（UK）和英国，是欧洲一个主权国家。躺在离欧洲大陆的西北海岸，该国包括大不列颠岛（术语也适用泛指全国），爱尔兰岛的东北部，和许多较小的岛屿。北爱尔兰是共享陆地边界与其他国家，英国的一部分：爱尔兰共和国。除此之外陆地边界，英国是大西洋所环绕，与北海在东部和英吉利海峡南部。爱尔兰海位于英国和爱尔兰之间。英国有243610平方公里（94060平方英里）的区域，使其成为第78大主权国家在世界第11大在欧洲。
英国是第22届，人口最多的国家，估计有6410万居民。这是一个君主立宪制与治理的议会制度。它的首都是伦敦，一个重要的全球城市，并与第四大的城市地区，欧洲的金融中心。目前的君主，自1952年2月6日，是英国女王伊丽莎白二世。英国由四个国家：英格兰，苏格兰，威尔士和北爱尔兰。后三种都下放行政部门，各具不同的权力，总部设在其首都，爱丁堡，加的夫，贝尔法斯特和分别。格恩西岛，泽西岛和马恩岛并非英国的一部分，是英国属地与英国政府负责国防和国际代表性。英国有14海外领土，包括有争议福克兰群岛，直布罗陀，以及印度洋领地。
英国的国家之间的关系发生了变化随着时间的推移。威尔斯是在1536和1543年联盟的行为吞并英格兰王国英格兰和苏格兰之间的条约导致了英国的一个统一的王国于1707年，其中1801年，合并与爱尔兰王国，形成英国大不列颠和爱尔兰。 1922年，六分之五爱尔兰从该国分离出去，留下大不列颠及北爱尔兰Ireland.British海外领土，原殖民地的英国目前的提法，是大英帝国的残余其中，在其后期的高度19世纪和20世纪初，几乎涵盖世界上四分之一的陆地面积，是历史上最大的帝国。英国的影响力可以在语言，文化和它的许多前殖民地的法律制度得到遵守。
英国是一个发达国家和名义GDP和第十大经购买力平价是世界上第六大经济体。该国被认为具有高收入经济体，并归类为非常高的人类发展指数，目前排名第14，在世界上。这是世界上第一个工业化国家，在19世纪和20世纪初世界上最重要的力量。英国仍然是一个大国具有相当的经济，文化，军事，科技和国际上的政治影响力。这是一个公认的核武器国家，其军事开支排名第五或第六的世界。英国一直是联合国安理会常任理事国，因为在1946年第一届会议上它一直是欧洲联盟（欧盟）及其前身欧洲经济共同体（EEC），自1973年以来的成员国;它也是英联邦国家，欧洲，七国集团，八国集团，二十国集团，北约，经济合作与发展组织理事会（OECD）和世界贸易组织（WTO）的成员。