篮球文化的英语介绍英文怎么说
『壹』 美国篮球文化的英文简介。不要太多的字数
Once-rare throwback jerseys, a trend catapulted by hip-hop artists, can now be bought anywhere sweat socks are sold. To capitalize off the throwback craze, the NBA created Hardwood Classic Nights, which are games when teams wear their franchise's old school uniforms-a relative fashion show of jerseys.
But is hip-hop fine for profit but offensive on the court? The NBA, at times, seems embarrassed by it's relationship with the culture.
Several players have been fined for wearing shorts too long (of course, oversized gear is a staple of hip-hop culture). Allen Iverson's tattoos were airbrushed out on the cover of Hoop Magazine, an NBA publication.
The league also discouraged hanging on the rim and taunting via technical fouls.
"It comes down to a generational difference," said Boyd, who overseas the study of race and popular culture in USC's School of Cinema-Television.
"The gate-keepers of the NBA are older and white. They want to make the league out to be something to fit them instead of taking the league for what it is. It's not just racial. There are many black people who don't like hip-hop either. It's a generational difference. People from older generations want to impose their beliefs on the younger generation."
Los Angeles Clippers forward Elton Brand said a mistake is made when hip-hop is affixed just to those who are boisterous and unruly, to those who show-out on the court and get in trouble off it.
He said people need to realize some of the good guys in the league - the Kevin Garnetts, the Derek Fishers, the Richard Hamiltons - also fit under the umbrella of hip-hop.
"Hip-hop is not just gangsta rap and party music," Brand said. "I'm sure they look at someone living a hip-hop lifestyle as someone with braids, tattoos, they smoke weed. They don't see the other guys as hip-hop."
『贰』 篮球社团怎么用英语介绍
Basketball Club 篮球社团
china university basketball associations 中国大学生篮球联赛
『叁』 求一篇介绍篮球的英文文章（最好有个对应的幻灯片就更好了，上课用）
对不起楼主，我只能给你文章，幻灯片没有。
Basketball. The world's greatest sport ever. But of course, it hasn't been around since the world began. No, somebody had to have invented it. And that somebody would be James Naismith.
Born in Almonte, Ontario, Canada, this Canadian Gym Teacher and Physician would soon be the founder of basketball. It all started in December of 1891. Naismith was teaching in Springfield, Massachusetts and was asked by Luther H. Gulick, the Headmaster of the school for Christian Works to make a new sport. The main idea of the sport was mainly to be played inside when it was too cold to go outside. The new sport also had to keep athletes in their top conditions between the baseball and football season. Naismith began to work. The first game-ball was a soccer ball.
The first baskets were peach baskets that Naismith cleverly thought of hanging on the wall. From there, the legacy of basketball began. Originally, there was 9 men to each team, but the objective was still the same; to pass the ball to other players on your team and put the ball in the opposing team's net, or basket back then. From there, basketball caught on like a wildfire.
During 1885 highschools and colleges began to adopt the game, and by 1898, the first Pro League was founded. After the first game played, Naismith drafted 13 rules and regulations, but many more were yet to come. The hoops we know today were invented in 1906. They were steel, with a net hanging from it's rim.
『肆』 用英文介绍篮球
It's been a hard start but we have to remain determined to win at all costs.
At this time is when I usually would take matters into my own hands, but if WE truly want to get to the next level then WE have to overcome this challenge.
It's hard on the road, I miss my family so much and we are only in the beginning of the trip!
I'm already tired of hotel food and I'm craving a caramel/peanut apple not to mention my wife's pancakes, bacon and eggs with cream of wheat and orange juice!
I'm a huge Potter fan, so to pass time I've been reading "Harry Potter and the Order of the Pheonix". I just finished it last night and now I'm starting "Harry Potter and the Half Blood Prince" . I'm not a big reader, in fact that book is by far the biggest book I have ever read!!! But it became a challenge to finish it!!! Not to mention its a GREAT book.
Big game vs the Wizards next.
Let's see if we can't have a better showing then we did Friday.
Should be a fun game. Not trippin on the Arenas thing, indivial els don't exite me any more, staying focused on winning titles does!!! Stay up, stay cool.Holla at you all later Strength and Honor,
客场之旅才是你真正成长为球队一员的地方。8连客的开局很糟糕，但是我们仍然会不遗余力地赢下比赛。往往这个时候我会用自己的双手接管比赛，但是如果我们球队真想向前再进一步，我们就必须克服这次挑战。
客场之旅很艰难，我很怀念家人，但是这只是个开始。我已经厌倦了酒店的食物，渴望着小块坚硬糖果（花生味的？）还有苹果，更不用说我老婆做的蛋糕了，烧烤和夹着橙汁和麦油的鸡蛋了。
我是一个十足的哈利波特迷，所以为了消磨时光，我昨晚刚读完了《哈里波特和凤凰社》，现在我正开始看《哈利波特与混血王子》，我不太擅长阅读，事实上，那本书是我目前为止我读过的最厚的一本了。
但是读完它对我来说成了一个挑战（老大喜欢挑战），更别提那是一本伟大的书了。
下一场对奇才将是一场大战。
让我们看看我们能否打得比周五好点（今天的比赛咯）。
这应该是一场有趣的比赛。不想再谈什么和阿里纳斯的个人对决了，个人对决不再刺激我的神经，取胜才是我一直关注的。！！！
保持积极良好的状态，明天用力量和胜利荣誉问候你们。
这个是找的,可能有点难,但是是KOBE自己说的,可以看看.
『伍』 美国篮球文化中英文简介，100字左右
1891年12月初在美国马萨诸塞州斯普林菲尔德市基督教青年会国际训练学校（后为春田学院），由该校体育教师詹姆斯·奈史密斯博士发明，当年的篮球规则只有13条，奈史密斯博士于1939年去世，终年78岁。
他未曾料到，由他创建的篮球项目竟然在二百多个国家流传市面着，而且至今美国篮球还誉满全球。 为了纪念奈史密斯博士发明的篮球的功绩，在春田学院校园内修建了美国篮球名人馆—詹姆斯·奈史密斯纪念馆。
起初，奈史密斯将两只桃篮别钉在键身房内看台的栏杆上，桃篮上沿距离地面3.04米，用足球作比赛工具，向篮投掷。投球入篮得1分，按得分多少决定胜负。每次投球进篮后，要爬梯子将球取出再重新开始比赛。以后逐步将竹篮改为活底的铁篮，再改为铁圈下面挂网。
到1893年，形成近似现代的篮板、篮圈和篮网。最初的篮球比赛，对上场人数、场地大小，比赛时间均无严格限制。只需双方参加比赛的人数必须相等。比赛开始，双方队员分别站在两端线外，裁判员鸣哨并将球掷向球场中间，双方跑向场内抢球，开始比赛。持球者可以抱着球跑向篮下投篮，首先达到预定分数者为胜。 1892年，奈史密斯制定了13条比赛规则，主要规定是不准持球跑，不准有粗野动作，不准用拳击球，否则即判犯规连续3次犯规判负1分；比赛时间规定为上、下半时，各15分钟；对场地大小也作了规定。上场比赛人数逐步缩减为每队10人、9人、7人，1893年定为每队上场5人。
英语中，篮球basketball这个词是由basket（篮子）和ball（球）两个词合成的。篮球怎么会和篮子有联系呢？这里还有一段故事呢。
早在上一个世纪的1891年12月21日，美国马萨诸塞州的一所基督教青年会学校里，一位叫詹姆斯·奈史密斯的教授为了使学生在寒冷的冬天也能参加体育活动，就想了个办法，把竹篮子钉在室内十英尺高的墙上，让学生向篮内投球。篮球运动就这样开展起来了。
最初的篮子是有底的，球投进后，还要架梯子把球取出来。后来把篮底去掉了。可竹框毕竟不牢呀，于是铁圈就代替了竹篮。但是光一个铁圈，对球究竟有没有投进，有时候判不清。到了1896年，铁圈上装上了有拉绳的兜底线网。球被投进网后，拉动拉绳，篮球便翻滚出来了。最后，人们把篮网的兜底的拉绳去掉，这就更方便了。
篮球的篮圈是由篮子发展而来的，篮球basketball也就和篮子basket结下了不解之缘。
1904年在第3届奥林匹克运动会上第1次进行了篮球表演赛。1908年美国制定了全国统一的篮球规则，并有移种文字出版，发行于全世界，这样，篮球运动逐渐传遍美洲、欧洲和亚洲，成为世界性运动项目。 1936年第11届奥运会将男子篮球列为正式比赛项目，并统一了世界篮球竞赛规则，此后，到1948年的10多年间，规则曾多次修改，与现行规则有关的重要变化是：将得分后的中圈跳球，改为失分队在后场端线外掷界外球继续比赛；进攻队必须在10秒钟内把球推进到前场；球进前场后不得再回后场；进攻队员不得在“限制区”内停留3秒钟；投篮队员被侵犯时，投中罚球1次，投不中罚球2次等。1952年和1956年第15、16两届奥运会的篮球比赛中，出现了两米以上的多人，国际业余篮球联合会曾两次扩大篮球场地的“限制区”（也叫“3分区”）；还规定，一个队控制球后，必须在30秒内投篮出手。60年代初有关10秒和球回后场的规定，一度因1960年第17届奥运会后取消了中场线改画边线的中点而中止。1964年第18届奥运会后，又恢复了中场线，这些规定又继续执行。1977年增加了每队满10次犯规后，在防守犯规时罚球两次，防投篮时犯规两罚有1次不中再加罚1次的规定。1981年又将10次犯规后罚球的规定缩减到8次。很明显，人员的变化的技术，战术的发展引起了规则的改变，而规则的改变又促进了人员和技术、战术的进一步发展变化。特别是50年代后期以来，规则的改变对篮球比赛的攻守速度，对运动员的身体、技术、战术以及意志、作风等各方面都不断提出新的更高的要求，促进了篮球技术水平的迅速提高，女子篮球是1976年第21届奥运会上才列为正式比赛项目的。
篮球运动是1896年前后由天津中华基督教青年会传入中国的，随后在北京、上海基督教青年会里也有了此项活动。在1910年的全运会上举行了男子篮球表演赛之后，在全国各大城市的大、中学校的篮球活动逐渐开展起来，其中以天津、北京、上海开展得较好，水平也较高，当时的比赛规则很简单，在球场中间画一个约有1米直径的中圈，中锋队员跳球时一只手必须置于背后腰部，任何一足不得踏出圈外。技术也简单，中圈跳球后，谁接到球就自己运球，超过防守人就投篮。当时只会直线运球前进，传球方法是单、双手胸前传球，跑动投篮是用单手低手上篮，立定投篮无论远近都是用双手腹前低手投篮。1925年前后，进攻和防守的5名运动员，有了较明确的分工，中锋对中锋，后卫对前锋，有人盯人，各自盯住自己的对手。但前锋的职责是只管进攻投篮，不管退守；后卫的职责是只管防守抢截球，不管投篮。前锋和后卫很少全场跑动，只有中锋要攻守兼顾。以后又逐渐改为两后卫1人助攻（活动后卫），1人留守后场（固定后卫），两前锋也变为1人留在前场专管偷袭、快攻，1人退守后场助防。技术动作也有所发展，跑动投篮出现了单手、高手投篮，立定投篮出现了双手胸前投篮，传球出现了单、双手击地传球，运球出现了两手交替运球躲闪防守和超越防守向前推进的技术。规则中增加了罚球区和罚球线，队员犯规4次即被取消比赛资格，犯规罚球可由队长指定任何1个队员主罚。比赛时间分为上、下半时各20分钟，中间休息10分钟。每次投中或罚中后，都在中圈跳球，重新开始比赛。而中国篮球运动水平在1926年以后有了较大提高。
美国还有街头篮球文化。关于街头篮球的起源，有好几种版本。普遍的说法是它来源于美国黑人的街头文化。可能它自由的组合、随性的发挥确实跟黑人的性格比较合拍。但据考证，作为一种正式的比赛，“3对3”的形式最早出现在欧洲。1992年在德国柏林，有人别出心裁地想出这种玩法。因为其设备要求低、比赛气氛简单轻松，所以这一全新的运动概念马上传遍欧洲。于是，找一个周末，在城市的中心广场放上篮球架，一场对抗就开始了，后来又渐渐融入了诸如说唱乐队现场伴奏、街舞、技巧和极限运动等元素。
『陆』 篮球起源 英文版
Early December 1891 in Springfield, Massachusetts YMCA International Training School (later Springfield College), physical ecation teachers from the school invented by Dr. James Naismith, basketball rules then only 13, Dr. Naismith 1939, died aged 78. He did not expect, from the basketball program he created even spread in the market with over two hundred countries, and so far the U.S. basketball is also known around the world. To commemorate Dr. Naismith invented basketball achievements, in the Springfield College campus built in the United States Basketball Hall of Fame - James Naismith Memorial Hall.
At first, Naismith will not nailed two peach baskets room key body stands on the railing, peach basket of 3.04 meters above the ground along with the football game as a tool to throw to the basket. 1 point pitch into the basket, how many points decided by the outcome. After each throw into the basket, the ball out to climb a ladder again start the race. Graally after the end of the basket into living iron basket, and then hanging on to hoops below.
To 1893, similar to the modern form rebounds, ring, and the Nets. The original game of basketball, the number of playing, the venue size, the game was no strict time limit. Just the two sides must be equal to the number of people participate in the competition. Start of the race, both players were standing on both ends of the line, referee whistle and throw the ball between pitches, the two sides ran inside the ball, start the race. The ball ran to the basket can hold the ball shot, first reach the target score the winner. In 1892, Naismith formulated 13 rules of the game, the main provisions are not allowed to run the ball, allowed a rough action, not allowed to use the boxing ball, a foul or is sentenced to 3 consecutive fouls negative 1; provisions of playing time , the second half, each 15 minutes; provisions were also made on the size of the venue. Graally rece the number of people playing games for each team of 10 people, 9, 7, 1893 for each team playing 5.
1904 Olympic Games in 3 1 was the first basketball exhibition game. 1908 United States developed a unified national basketball rules, shifting languages and has published and distributed all over the world, so that the graal spread of basketball in America, Europe and Asia, has become a world sport. 1936 11th Olympic Games men's basketball as an official event, and the unity of the world basketball competition rules, after 10 years in 1948, the rules have been revised many times, with the existing rules of important changes are: the score after the jump ball in the circle, to loss of units outside the end line in the backcourt to match bounds; offensive team must advance the ball within 10 seconds and play up front; the ball into the front court not to return after the backcourt; offensive players not in the "restricted zone" to stay for 3 seconds; shooting team is violated, 1 hit free throws, missed shots free throws 2 second-class. 1952 and 1956 Olympic basketball competition two 15,16, there has been more than two meters, the International Amateur Basketball Federation to expand basketball court has twice the "restricted zone" (also known as "3 Division") ; also provides that a team controls the ball after the shot must be shot within 30 seconds. The early 60s about 10 seconds and the provisions of the ball returned to the backcourt, was once the 17th Olympic Games in 1960 after the abolition of the midfield line drawn sideline to change the midpoint of the suspension. 18th Olympic Games in 1964 after he returned to the midfield line, these provisions are to continue. 1977, an increase of over 10 fouls each team after two free throws when the defensive foul, anti-foul free throws when shooting are not in 1 plus 1 penalty provisions. Turn 10 in 1981, the provisions of free throws after a foul reced to 8 times. Obviously, the personnel changing technologies, the development of tactics caused a rule change, which has promoted the rule changes and technical and tactical changes in the further development. Especially since the late 50s, the rule changes on the offensive and defensive basketball game speed, the athlete's body, technology, tactics, and will, work style and so forth have been put forward new and higher requirements, promoting the rapid increase in the level of basketball skills , women's basketball in 1976 before the 21th Olympic Games as an official event of the.
Basketball is a before and after 1896 by the Tianjin YMCA introced to China, then in Beijing, Shanghai, also have the YMCA in this activity. In 1910 was held at the National Games men's basketball exhibition games, major cities in the country, middle school basketball events graally unfolded, including Tianjin, Beijing and Shanghai in good agreement, levels are high, then Competition rules are simple, in the course of about the middle of drawing a circle 1 meter in diameter, when the center jump ball players must be placed a hand behind the waist, enough to not take any of the group. Technology is simple, after the jump ball in the circle, who received the ball on their dribbling, shooting people over defense. Only straight ahead at dribbling, passing, is a single, hand chest pass, running shot is a layup with one hand underhand, standing shot are both near and far before the lower abdomen with both hands, hands shot. 1925 years ago, the offensive and 5 defensive players, with a clearer division of labor, center of the center, back to the striker, it was marking, each pegged to their opponents. But the striker's role is just shooting attack, regardless of retreat; guard ty is just defensive intercept the ball, regardless of shooting. Forwards and running small audience, only the center to both offensive and defensive. And later graally changed to assist the two guard 1 (active guard), a person left behind after the field (fixed guard), two forwards who can become an exclusive competence to stay up front attack, quick attack, a man retreated after the field-assisted anti- . Action has also been the development of technology, one-handed running shot there, a master shot, standing shot his hands chest shot there, there was a single pass, pass the ball hit his hands, alternating hands dribbling dribble dodge appeared defensive and beyond defensive forward technology. Rules of the penalty area and the increase in free-throw line, the team fouls 4 is canceled competition and free throw by the team captain kick specify any one. Game time is divided into, the second half of the 20-minute break of 10 minutes. Each time after the vote, or throws, jump ball in the circle, re-start the race. The level of basketball in China since 1926 have been greatly improved.
1891年12月初在美国马萨诸塞州斯普林菲尔德市基督教青年会国际训练学校（后为春田学院），由该校体育教师詹姆斯·奈史密斯博士发明，当年的篮球规则只有13条，奈史密斯博士于1939年去世，终年78岁。他未曾料到，由他创建的篮球项目竟然在二百多个国家流传市面着，而且至今美国篮球还誉满全球。 为了纪念奈史密斯博士发明的篮球的功绩，在春田学院校园内修建了美国篮球名人馆—詹姆斯·奈史密斯纪念馆。
起初，奈史密斯将两只桃篮别钉在键身房内看台的栏杆上，桃篮上沿距离地面3.04米，用足球作比赛工具，向篮投掷。投球入篮得1分，按得分多少决定胜负。每次投球进篮后，要爬梯子将球取出再重新开始比赛。以后逐步将竹篮改为活底的铁篮，再改为铁圈下面挂网。
到1893年，形成近似现代的篮板、篮圈和篮网。最初的篮球比赛，对上场人数、场地大小，比赛时间均无严格限制。只需双方参加比赛的人数必须相等。比赛开始，双方队员分别站在两端线外，裁判员鸣哨并将球掷向球场中间，双方跑向场内抢球，开始比赛。持球者可以抱着球跑向篮下投篮，首先达到预定分数者为胜。 1892年，奈史密斯制定了13条比赛规则，主要规定是不准持球跑，不准有粗野动作，不准用拳击球，否则即判犯规连续3次犯规判负1分；比赛时间规定为上、下半时，各15分钟；对场地大小也作了规定。上场比赛人数逐步缩减为每队10人、9人、7人，1893年定为每队上场5人。
1904年在第3届奥林匹克运动会上第1次进行了篮球表演赛。1908年美国制定了全国统一的篮球规则，并有移种文字出版，发行于全世界，这样，篮球运动逐渐传遍美洲、欧洲和亚洲，成为世界性运动项目。 1936年第11届奥运会将男子篮球列为正式比赛项目，并统一了世界篮球竞赛规则，此后，到1948年的10多年间，规则曾多次修改，与现行规则有关的重要变化是：将得分后的中圈跳球，改为失分队在后场端线外掷界外球继续比赛；进攻队必须在10秒钟内把球推进到前场；球进前场后不得再回后场；进攻队员不得在“限制区”内停留3秒钟；投篮队员被侵犯时，投中罚球1次，投不中罚球2次等。1952年和1956年第15、16两届奥运会的篮球比赛中，出现了两米以上的多人，国际业余篮球联合会曾两次扩大篮球场地的“限制区”（也叫“3分区”）；还规定，一个队控制球后，必须在30秒内投篮出手。60年代初有关10秒和球回后场的规定，一度因1960年第17届奥运会后取消了中场线改画边线的中点而中止。1964年第18届奥运会后，又恢复了中场线，这些规定又继续执行。1977年增加了每队满10次犯规后，在防守犯规时罚球两次，防投篮时犯规两罚有1次不中再加罚1次的规定。1981年又将10次犯规后罚球的规定缩减到8次。很明显，人员的变化的技术，战术的发展引起了规则的改变，而规则的改变又促进了人员和技术、战术的进一步发展变化。特别是50年代后期以来，规则的改变对篮球比赛的攻守速度，对运动员的身体、技术、战术以及意志、作风等各方面都不断提出新的更高的要求，促进了篮球技术水平的迅速提高，女子篮球是1976年第21届奥运会上才列为正式比赛项目的。
篮球运动是1896年前后由天津中华基督教青年会传入中国的，随后在北京、上海基督教青年会里也有了此项活动。在1910年的全运会上举行了男子篮球表演赛之后，在全国各大城市的大、中学校的篮球活动逐渐开展起来，其中以天津、北京、上海开展得较好，水平也较高，当时的比赛规则很简单，在球场中间画一个约有1米直径的中圈，中锋队员跳球时一只手必须置于背后腰部，任何一足不得踏出圈外。技术也简单，中圈跳球后，谁接到球就自己运球，超过防守人就投篮。当时只会直线运球前进，传球方法是单、双手胸前传球，跑动投篮是用单手低手上篮，立定投篮无论远近都是用双手腹前低手投篮。1925年前后，进攻和防守的5名运动员，有了较明确的分工，中锋对中锋，后卫对前锋，有人盯人，各自盯住自己的对手。但前锋的职责是只管进攻投篮，不管退守；后卫的职责是只管防守抢截球，不管投篮。前锋和后卫很少全场跑动，只有中锋要攻守兼顾。以后又逐渐改为两后卫1人助攻（活动后卫），1人留守后场（固定后卫），两前锋也变为1人留在前场专管偷袭、快攻，1人退守后场助防。技术动作也有所发展，跑动投篮出现了单手、高手投篮，立定投篮出现了双手胸前投篮，传球出现了单、双手击地传球，运球出现了两手交替运球躲闪防守和超越防守向前推进的技术。规则中增加了罚球区和罚球线，队员犯规4次即被取消比赛资格，犯规罚球可由队长指定任何1个队员主罚。比赛时间分为上、下半时各20分钟，中间休息10分钟。每次投中或罚中后，都在中圈跳球，重新开始比赛。而中国篮球运动水平在1926年以后有了较大提高 。
『柒』 英语论文篮球文化
我建议你从三个方向讨论，分别是基层篮球(国、高中)的休闲运动习惯、大学篮球、社会(含NBA)篮球目的等三方面；以我所知道的美国基层篮球文化(国、高中)来说，它是民众从事休闲活动的主要一个项目运动，它和棒球、美式足球、冰上曲棍球等，可以说是美国特殊的主要四大运动之一。它们(四大类运动)由于可以培养青少年的团队合作与努力奋发向上精神等，也可以让青少年结识更多朋友，当然还包括锻炼强健体魄，所以，很多家长无不鼓励子弟多多从事运动；这和传统中国人所谓「士大夫」观念有很大的差异。以中国人来说，重文轻武以及书中自有黄金屋、书中自有颜如玉等，鼓励青少年多读书这是中美第一个极端差异。最好的例子你可以看看很多美国或欧洲许多篮球比赛，她们都以「寄居家庭」方式，让参加比赛的青少年学习与人相处，那是俱乐部、家庭的。
大学篮球或社会(含NBA)篮球在美国来说，它是一种结合地方文化的传递，那种特殊的地域文化，这部分目前中国境内的CBA有些许雷同，但是，中国的大学篮球就和美国迥然不同了；很多时候，不论是中国或台湾，大学篮球只是「教育主管」机关不得不要办理的一项竞赛，它(指中国与台湾的大学篮球)有很多地方，其实是为了比赛而来比赛，它的宗旨也写的「冠冕堂皇」，只是，目前为止，可能是我才疏学浅，所以，我真的看不出有那些特殊的文化意义。
以台湾的大学甲一级篮球赛来说，有很多球赛你根本看不到所谓「年轻人的拼劲」，我看到的是3/5以上喔；要看年轻人如美国大学篮球赛的热忱，你反而需要到大学二级或三级球赛里才看的到。可是，你会发现，在台湾的大学二级与三级球赛，除了比赛胜负之外，你可能看不到任何一丝文化气息；它(指台湾的大学篮球)基本上就是比赛，和美国的大学比赛，什么结合拉拉队、学校主场、校友会、地方特殊文化活动等等，完全是迥然不同。而，中国境内是否如此，我就不得而知了！
I suggest that you were discussed from three directions, basic basketball (high school), the recreational exercise habits, university basketball, society (including the NBA basketball goal from three aspects, I know of American primary and high school basketball culture (for), it is mainly engaged in the activities of public recreational exercise, it is a project and baseball, football, hockey, etc, it is the main U.S. special one four. They (four categories of movement) e to cultivate teenagers teamwork spirit and upwards to wait, also can let teenagers to make more friends here, of course, also including theexercise strong body, so many parents, many people engaged in sports is encouraged, The traditional Chinese scholars and the so-called "" there is a big difference. In Chinese, valuing literature while ignoring and in the book the gold room, in the book YanRuYu etc, encouraging adolescents reading this is the first extreme differences. The best example, you can see many American or European basketball game, they are in many ways to "family" stranger, participate in the competition of teenagers learn get along with people, that is, the family of the club.
College basketball or society (including the NBA basketball in the United States, it is a combination of local culture, the special region culture, and the part of the current Chinese territory, but some CBA, Chinese university basketball and American different, Many times, either China or Taiwan university basketball ecation competent "authority" shall not handle a competition, it is China and Taiwan university basketball) has many places, actually is to match the tenet to match, it is written, "just" impressive-looking, so far, I CaiShuXueJian, so, I really don't see those special cultural meaning.
The university in Taiwan, a level of basketball game, you can't see many of the so-called "young man," I see hussle playes is 3/5 above oh, Young people like to watch American university basketball, but you need to 2 or 3 university in the game to see. However, you will find that, in the second tier university in Taiwan, except the win-loss, you may see a culture breath; any It refers to the college basketball (Taiwan) is basically university in the United States, and, what with rooters' home, school, alumni, local special cultural activity, etc, and is completely different. And if so, China, and I will not!
『捌』 怎么用英文来介绍篮球
The world's greatest sport ever. But of course, it hasn't been around since the world began. No, somebody had to have invented it. And that somebody would be James Naismith.
Born in Almonte, Ontario, Canada, this Canadian Gym Teacher and Physician would soon be the founder of basketball. It all started in December of 1891. Naismith was teaching in Springfield, Massachusetts and was asked by Luther H. Gulick, the Headmaster of the school for Christian Works to make a new sport. The main idea of the sport was mainly to be played inside when it was too cold to go outside. The new sport also had to keep athletes in their top conditions between the baseball and football season. Naismith began to work. The first game-ball was a soccer ball.
The first baskets were peach baskets that Naismith cleverly thought of hanging on the wall. From there, the legacy of basketball began. Originally, there was 9 men to each team, but the objective was still the same; to pass the ball to other players on your team and put the ball in the opposing team's net, or basket back then. From there, basketball caught on like a wildfire.
During 1885 highschools and colleges began to adopt the game, and by 1898, the first Pro. League was founded. After the first game played, Naismith drafted 13 rules and regulations, but many more were yet to come. The hoops we know today were invented in 1906. They were steel, with a net hanging from its rim.
翻译:篮球被誉为世界上最伟大的运动之一。篮球的发明者是James Naismith。1891年，James Naismith在马塞诸塞当体育老师的时候，校长让他为基督教想出一种运动，这种运动一定要在室内进行，运动员在比赛时还要有棒球和足球比赛时的激情。经过思考，他想出了一个办法：在墙上挂网子，然后把球扔向这个用网子做的篮子里，篮球运动由此而生。最初，参加篮球比赛的每个队伍有9个队员，比赛规则是：球员把球传给本队队员，然后将球投向对方的筐子里。直到1898年，第一支专业篮球队成立。
『玖』 跪求有关中美篮球文化比较的英文资料或者论文
帮楼主找了些资料，希望会有用。
第一篇
China: The Worst of American Basketball
I completed my first camp in Cheng City, China. The camp is great; I have never signed so many autographs in my life.
However, my initial observation of Chinese basketball is that it encompasses all that is bad with American basketball with little of the good. Europe learned the game from American coaches at a time when American basketball was characterized by creativity, teamwork, discipline and fundamentals. It seems as though China is learning from American AAU coaches interested in exposure and isolation, 1v1 play as opposed to the same fundamental emphasis of past generations.
Now, these are not the best players in China. But, if an average camp and pick-up games played at a university are any indication, Chinese basketball is characterized by too much dribbling, poor shooting and quick whistles. Post players avoid contact like the plague; it's easy to see why Yao Ming is so soft, as players expect a call if someone breathes near them.
What stands out the most is the complete inability to make shots. Not only is the form horrible, but players cannot finish shots around the basket.
Watching players play 1v1 is like watching the And 1 Tapes, as they dribble and dribble and dribble and then throw the ball off the backboard; unfortunately, nobody is there to nk the miss/pass.
Even the most ardent critic of American basketball must acknowledge the exceptional athleticism, aggressive indivial defense, ability to create a shot and the physical strength which characterizes American basketball. From what I have seen thus far, and again, these are not the best players, even these traits are absent from Chinese basketball.
The love of the game is strong; and, there are so many people, it logically makes sense that the cream will rise and the country will proce more talented players beyond Yao Ming. However, much as many Americans believe a cultural shift is necessary in youth basketball, my initial experience in China leads me to believe Chinese basketball needs a similar shift toward a more fundamental game and more basic movement training for youth basketball players.
Posted by Brian McCormick at 11:30 PM
1 comments:
Anonymous said...
That's surprising to hear; it seems as though it's a stereotype that Chinese players are very fundamental-e to what you mentioned...lack of athleticism, strength, etc. I assumed the technical aspect of the game would therefore be their strength.
Maybe we will see a little preview on Sunday when the USA team plays China in the world championships in Japan?
第二篇
The "mountain" just keeps getting larger.
Six years ago, Yao Ming innocently looked at the anticipated clash of giants to come and said that Shaquille O'Neal "is the mountain in my way." It was about basketball then, and about the excitement of a new career full of promise that was about to begin.
The challenge now, however, has become far greater than any single opponent, more daunting than finally winning that first playoff series or his new goal of playing 82 games in a season again. Perhaps it always was.
He was charged with bridging two worlds, bringing the West and China closer together.
He was to be the indivial, through the relatively harmless prism of sports, to help us understand and appreciate China and to bring China and its still-new relative openness closer to the West.
We learned this week that it is the peak he still has not conquered.
The stunning news that Yao will miss the rest of the season because of a stress fracture in his left foot more than crushed him and radically changed the Rockets' prospects.
It made him, through no fault of his own, a barrier rather than bridge between factions and suspicions on either side of the Pacific.
There were rapid criticisms from China that Yao was overworked, leading to his injury. Though he was playing an average of 37 minutes a game, there is no evidence that playing time could be blamed. Not when the soreness began in February, with 30 games to play. Playing 34 or 35 minutes for 82 games and then playoffs is more taxing than his 37 minutes in 50 games.
Overworked in China?
There was conjecture, equally unfounded, that he was overburdened by his ties to the Chinese national team. But he took most of June off for his indivial training. He spent much of July and August on his wedding and honeymoon. He played in a few exhibitions, but with no more demands than the average player at Fonde Rec Center.
The comments about his play in China would have you believe he is chasing chickens in a field and carrying teammates on his back. He does fly coach, and when he is with the national team he stays in relatively Spartan accommodations. He did not break his foot in February because he failed to stay at the Ritz on a road trip in September.
Eventually, he will have to cut back on his summer workload. There is only so much ball a player, particularly one carrying 300 pounds, has in him. His now-frequent injuries bring understandable concerns about his threshold. But much of the suppositions are based on attitudes about Chinese treatment of athletes now outdated as they relate to Yao.
Worst, and most foolish of all, there were charges that Yao was somehow wrong to have said that he would consider missing the Beijing Olympics the greatest loss of his career.
If he is not committed enough to his NBA team, no one is. No one gives more.
When Tad Brown, the Rockets CEO, went to the locker room on Tuesday to give Yao a hug, he could not get there fast enough.
"I'm sorry," Yao said. "I'm so sorry. I'm sorry to the franchise. I'm sorry to the city. I'm sorry to Mr. (Leslie) Alexander. I'm so sorry."
"If there is anyone dedicated to his team in the entire league, it is Yao Ming," teammate Shane Battier said. "Anyone that doubts that needs psychiatric help. But especially these Olympics, with the magnitude of the Olympics on a global scale to showcase China as an international power, with him as the centerpiece — it's incredibly important."
Une criticism
Yet Yao was criticized for his devotion to playing for his national team in the one Olympics in his career that will be played in China.
This is the height of hypocrisy given our frequent criticism of American athletes for not representing their nation. We're supposed to be the country that understands and embraces other cultures and values, not the country that tries to change them. We don't condemn differences; we celebrate them.
Yao is Chinese. He cherishes playing for his national team. At the end of an NBA season, the last thing he wants to do is jump into a summer season. But a month later, he wants to play for China. He needs to play for China.
"He's a player that is shared among the Rockets, the city of Houston, the NBA and China," Rockets general manager Daryl Morey said. "We're absolutely OK with that. It's Yao. Yao Ming's Chinese heritage is so important to him. Him not playing, not representing his country in China would be like not playing basketball at all.
"It's who he is."
The Rockets don't merely accept that Yao plays for China.
"We love it," Brown said. "The things he embraces so dearly, we embrace. He is a man of honor, nobility, charity and humility. You look for more people like that."
Everyone does, which, in the end, is something shared. China's pride swells when Yao plays for the Rockets, just as the Rockets celebrate his play for China.
Perhaps, then, in that way, he can still bridge cultures so far apart.
第三篇
Taking China to the hoop
A rag-tag team of retired NBA All Stars and also-rans gave the Chinese National squad a pre-Olympic workout, but medals weren't on the minds of the NBA marketing men. China is the meatiest market and mainlanders are already mad for Showtime.
By Ron Gluckman/Beijing
CLYDE 'THE GLIDE' DREXLER nabs the ball from an opponent, flicks it to a teammate, then races up court for the return pass. He leaps high and glides to the hoop for a lay-up. Dream Teamer Drexler has made the same sort of play hundreds of times. But never upon this court, nor in this country.
This time the basketball legend is putting his moves on Middle Kingdom, to the delight of a fervent crowd of fans in the Chinese capital.
Drexler, one of the NBA's 50 greatest all-time players, with more than 20,000 points under his belt, appeared with the NBA Legends before 10,000 screaming fans at Beijing's Workers' Stadium in August, before continuing on a tri-city ten day tour of China that ended in Shanghai a week a later.
It was not a make or break tournament game, but a potential marketing play for the NBA that brought Drexler, a Portland Trailblazers All Star and champion with the Houston Rockets to Beijing.
More important than victory was what it represented: another big step forward for the NBA in one of its most lucrative markets, China.
Drexler and the NBA Legends did not disappoint - dazzling their Chinese fans with shakes, bakes and fakes. The Chinese team, a line-up featuring three players towering over 7-feet tall, fell to the American squad, 79-73.
"I like the big guys on the Chinese team," Drexler said. "They have good low-post moves. They just need to get in the weight room and get bigger, stronger. They're just not as physical as NBA players, and that's the key."
Wang Zhi, star of the Chinese team, and drafted last year by the Dallas Mavericks, added: "The NBA had strong defense, and a big advantage in rebounding and passing the ball. They are very physical, stronger, and with better skills. Of course, they are legends."
Actually, that's a stretch. Besides Drexler, 38, the squad featured retired All Stars like Rolando Blackman and Buck Williams, plus lesser lights like Joe Wolf and Danny Schayes. Superstar Dominique Wilkins canceled at the last-minute, leaving only one other legitimate legend on the tour, Hall-of-Famer Rick Barry. However, he was confined to the bench, as coach of the over-the-hill squad.
"We're legends for a reason," joked Drexler. "Guys like Buck and me, we're almost 40. They gave us a workout there, but we hung in and got the win."
BASKETBALL LEGACY
China has a long association with basketball, brought here by American YMCA missionaries soon after the game was invented in the late 1890s. That makes China the second-oldest basketball playing nation after only the United States. It's also, by many accounts, nearly as fanatical.
The coolest gear to Chinese kids is unquestionably NBA sportswear, preferably with the logo of the Los Angeles Lakers, the world champions. Posters for Kobe Bryant and Shaquille O'Neal are plastered over the windows of innumerable Nike boutiques.
With Michael Jordan - or MY-KE JOE-DAHN - tripping off tongues even in remote parts of China, the basketball player's fame seems to eclipses even that of another American marketing sensation, Madonna.
"The most famous American in China is Michael Jordan," says Tom McCarthy, chief executive officer of Asian Basketball Confederation Promotions, which pumps up the sport in over 40 nations across Asia and the Middle East. China is a top priority, and a huge success story.
"China has a basketball playing population of 210 million that's playing, coaching or involved in activities related to the sport. "Basketball is the only sport played in every school in the country," he adds.
"It's by far the fastest-growing sport in China and it's going to get bigger. The Chinese love basketball." Indeed, in one recent mainland survey, former NBA star Jordan slam-nked even Chairman Mao in popularity.
One Chinese sports reporter at the Legends game offered a little perspective: "Basketball is popular and growing, but the numbers are still low compared to football (as soccer is known here)."
Still, he conceded, "it's big with the young people and has been getting bigger since the NBA games started being shown here."
Slam Dunking Overseas
Overseas promotion of the sport has been a longstanding goal of the NBA. Coach Rick Barry, 56, a phenomenal scorer for the then-San Francisco (now Golden State) Warriors in the 1960s and 1970s, recalls a 1984 exhibition tour to China. "I played in this same stadium with guys like Pistol Pete," he says, referring to fellow NBAer Pete Maravich.
However, promotional activities really picked up steam in the 1990s, under the direction of Commissioner David Stern, who has built the NBA into what is arguably the world's best-promoted sports brand. The timing was perfect.
NBA boomed at about the same time as China began opening up to foreign programming. Videos of NBA games were offered Chinese Central TV (CCTV) in a barter deal that led to blanket coverage for the NBA on Chinese TV. That raised the profile of the game.
Things really took off in the mid-1990s, when the Chinese basketball leagues reorganized into a club format, enabling enterprises to buy and promote provincial teams. Last year, there were two dozen men's pro teams in China, plus seven women's teams.
"Asia is a boom market for us," says Michael Denzel, managing director of NBA Asia, which has recently doubled the size of its Hong Kong office and hopes to open its first office in China this year. "China is still small, in terms of revenue, but we're building up, step by step. We see tremendous opportunity here."
The NBA is far from the first American outfit to embrace the potential of the mainland market. Since economic reforms in the early 1990s spawned double-digit growth, western firms have rushed in to mine the fast-emerging new Chinese middle class.
And Americana sells. Bowling, for instance, boomed in China in the 1990s. At one point, Shanghai even considered a ban on new alleys after construction of the facilities exploded - from six lanes in 1980 to more than 1,500 in 1996.
Turn on Chinese television, and see scores of ads for miracle stain removers, pocket sewing devices and other mainstays of Saturday morning American TV. Some chains even shamelessly recycle old jingles, and why not? What is cliche back home is reborn as innovative in China.
Not a fast break
The NBA takes a slightly different tact. Pursuing profit is only part of the package. "We're here to promote the sport and help improve the skills of the Chinese," says McCarthy. "This is all about building partnerships, working together."
A previous tour of NBA old-timers, in late 1998, boasted bigger names: Kareem Abl-Jabbar, Moses Malone and Alex English. They drew fans, but were slow on the court.
"We wanted younger guys to make it a game," says McCarthy. "The Chinese need better competition to improve."
And it's not all about big-name players and marketing. In every city, the players conct clinics with Chinese children. "It's pretty much the same as I do back home," notes Joe Wolf, 33, a big man for the Los Angeles Clippers, Orlando Magic and Denver Nuggets.
"The amazing thing here was to see the kind of fundamentals the kids have. The skill level is promising."
China, for its part, is willing to partner with the NBA to build its team into a power in world basketball, much as it developed its swimming program through relentless training.
In July, China's national team attended training camp at a basketball academy in Oregon. Already, the partnership is paying dividends.
"This is by far the best team China has ever proced," observes Lu Xuezhou, a sportswriter with China Youth Daily. Included are two players who have already attracted interest from the NBA.
Last year, the Orlando Magic offered a short contract to Hu Weidong, 29, a smooth-shooting forward who sunk several three-pointers in Beijing. A leg injury nixed consideration of the Orlando offer. "But if I had a chance this year, and was allowed, I'd love to try," he says.
Greater attention focuses on Wang Zhi, a 7-footer with enormous mobility. He was drafted at number 36 by Dallas, but his army-owned team has refused to let him go. Rumors are rampant in Beijing of a deal that will be announced after next month's Olympics, making Wang, 23, the first Chinese export to the NBA.
Dallas general manager and longtime coach Don Nelson was spotted in the stands; even NBA officials were unaware of his attendance in Beijing. "Whether Wang joins our team or not is really out of my control," he said, "but we drafted him because we believe in his potential as an NBA player."
Nelson added that Yao Ming (at left), bbed China's "Baby Giant," who is already 7-foot 5-inches at 19, would likely be a first-round NBA pick when eligible. (Some think he may go Number One in the draft).
The Chinese players aren't allowed to apply for the draft until they are 22, and then need permission of their teams. Clearly, many are eager to try.
Player salaries in China average $12,500 per year, with top star Wang, reportedly earning $65,000 - about Shaquille O’Neal gets for a single slam-nk. Even second-rate American players earn 100 times the salary of Chinese pros.
The pay is clearly alluring for Chinese players, but so is the idea of a Chinese player in the NBA.
"Having a Chinese player in the NBA would be phenomenal," says Denzel, "and not just for the NBA, but also China. It would mean more viewers, potentially more merchandise sales, but ultimately would help spread the sport of basketball."
Then, there is the subject of goodwill, which, after all, was a major aim of the tour. America's image soured in China after the U.S.-led NATO bombing that destroyed China's embassy in Belgrade, killing three Chinese nationals.
After the incident, NBA programming was pulled from the tube - a reminder that sports and politics have proven a powerful mix in China in the past. It was, after all, a ping pong team in the 1970s that helped nudge forward the American-Chinese détente.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_Basketball_Association
『拾』 美国篮球文化 英文翻译
美国篮球文化。
American basketball culture.