高中英语常考阅读

❶ 谁有高考英语阅读理解长篇的题目，越多越好

Passage 1
Up，，and Away！
Anadventurer who became the first person to fly across the English Channel on aclusterof balloons has launched a house into the sky just like inthe hit movie Up-in reparation for a more ambitious journey and a new record．
FearlessTrappe，from North Carolina，stepped into the cartoon themed home before flying above the LeonInternational Balloon Festival in Mexico more than a week ago．
The38-year-old Trappe was using the event as a warm-up for his plannedtrans-Atlantic flight scheled for next summer．He aims to complete the 2，500-mile journey in a seven-foot lifeboat carried by 365 huge heliumballoons．
Thebrave man is learning to sail a lifeboat，in case he needs to ditch intothe ocean ring the danger-filled adventure．
Hesill fly at between 18，000 feet and 25，000 feet，beating his previous world altituderecord of 21，600 feet，and must fly uninterrupted a distance ten times longer than his previousworld record of 230 miles in order to succeed．
Theadventurer Trappe，who holds records forcrossing the Alps，flying the most clusterballoons，and the longest distance，has spent his entire career，building up to thisambitious plan．
“Ididn’t wake up one day and think：‘I’ going to fly acrossthe Atlantic，’”he said．“Every attempt before this was prepared for this fight，I’ve been training for a long time”．
1．The adventurer flew acrossthe English Channel to__________．
A．test the balloons B．launch a house
C．shoot a hit movie D．prepare for breaking a record
2．To finish the journey，he will fly a distance of__________．
A．2500 miles B．18，000 feet C．25，000 feet D．230 miles
3．About the ambitiousjourney，which is NOT mentioned in thepassage?
A．When he will fly B．How high he sill fly
C．How far he will fly D．How long it will take him
4．How many world recordsdoes Jonathan hold?
A．Two B．Three C．Four D．Five
5．What does he lastparagraph imply?
A．Trappe can’t sleepworrying about the adventure
B．Trappe was born to set world records
C．Trappe always keeps his ambition in mind
D．Trappe never thought of crossing the Atlanticbefore

Passage 2
Everyday we go to school and listen to the teacher，and the teacher will askus some questions．Sometimes，the classmates will ask your opinions of the work of the class．When you are telling others in the class what you have found out aboutthese topics，remember that they must be able tohear what you are saying．You are not taking part ina family conversation or having a chat with friends---you are in a slightlyunnatural situation where a large group of people will remain silent，waiting to hear what you have to say．You must speak so thatthey can hear you---loudly enough and clearly enough but without trying toshout or appearing to force yourself．
Remember，too，that it is the same if you are calledto an interview whether it is with a professor of your school or a governmentofficial who might meet you．The person you are seeingwill try to put you at your ease but the situation is somewhat different fromthat of a ordinary conversation．You must take special carethat you can be heard．
1．When you speak to theclass，you should speak ______．
A．as slowly as possible B．in a low voice C．loudly D．forcefully
2．Usually，when you speak to the class，the class is _______．
A．noisy B．quiet C．having a rest D．serious
3 The situation in the class is ______ that in yourhouse．
A．not very different from B．sometimes the same as
C．sometimes not the same as D．not the same as
4．If you are having aconversation with an official，the most important thingfor you is ______．
A．to show your ability B．to be very gentle
C．to make sure that you can be heard D．to put the official at ease
5．The main idea of thispassage is ______．
A．that we should talk indifferent ways in different situations
B．that we must speak loudly
C．that we must keep silent at any time
D．that we must talk with the class

Passage 3
About21，000 young people in 17 Americanstates do not attend classes in school buildings．
Instead，they receive their elementary and high school ecation by working athome on computers．The Center for EcationReform says the United States has 67 public “cyberschools．” and that is about twice as many as two years ago．
The money for students to attend a cyberschoolcomes from the governments of the states where they live．Some ecators say cyberschools receive money that should supporttraditional public schools．They also say it isdifficult to know if students are learning well．
Other ecators praise this new form of ecation for letting studentswork at their own speed．These people saycyberschools help students who were unhappy or unsuccessful in traditionalschools．They say learning at home by computerends long bus rides for children who live far from school．
Whatever the judgement of cyberschools，they are getting more andmore popular．For example，a new cyberschool called Commonwealth Connections Academy will take instudents this fall．It will serve children inthe state of Pennsylvania from ages five through thirteen．
Children get free equipment for their online ecation．This includes a computer，a printer，books and technical services．Parents and students talkwith teachers by telephone or by sending emails through their computers whennecessary．
Students at cyberschools usually do not know one another．But 56 such students who finished studies at Western Pennsylvania CyberCharter School recently met for the first time．They were guests of honorat their graation．
1．What do we know from thetext about students of a cyberschool？
A．They have to take long bus rides toschool．
B．They study at home rather than inclassrooms．
C．They receive money from traditionalpublic schools．
D．They do well in traditional schoolprograms．
2．What is a problem withcyberschools？
A．Their equipment costs a lot of money．
B．They get little support from thestate government．
C．It is hard to know students' progressin learning．
D．The students find it hard to makefriends．
3．Cyberschools are gettingpopular became _______．
A．they are less expensivefor students
B．their students can work at their own speed
C．their graates are moresuccessful in society
D．they serve students in a wider age range
4．We can infer that theauthor of the text is _______．
A．unprejudiced in hisdescription of cyberschools
B．excited about the future ofcyberschools
C．doubtful about the qualityof cyberschoois
D．disappointed at the development ofcyberschools

❷ 高中英语阅读理解高分必杀绝技

高考中英语阅读理解分为4篇，即A,B,C,D 四篇。均为信息文，信息文，意思如字面，是为了传递信息的，其文章主题是围绕一个主题展开的，如2020年全国卷1 A篇讲的是Train Information, 内容涉及到坐火车的时刻表，失物招领等。信息文中的信息排列还是很清晰的的，比小说类的题材要简单很多，大部分内容字面意思懂了，题就能做对，现在我们从高考阅读出题特点，题型特点，各个题型的做题技巧，怎么提升自己的阅读理解能力来聊聊如何拿高分。这些做题技巧也是侯老师独家归纳总结，并且经过学生提分案例的验证，可以是高考英语提分的精华部分。

如上文所述，高考英语阅读理解有四篇，四篇的难度排列顺序有讲究，分别从容易到难排列。前面的A篇最简单，单词简单，句子短，甚至不需要看原文，看着题找答案就行了，所以A篇是送分题，绝对不能失分。A篇后的B, C, D篇，难度依次加大，成绩一般的孩子，读完了C篇，就觉得脑子不够用了，D篇根本读不下去，以至于做错题，属于很正常。所以我建议平时模考在70分以下的同学，好好琢磨A，B，C的答案，以提高自己的争取率，把该拿的分数拿到手，再挑战D篇。

另外从阅读题的题型划分，阅读题题型的出题特点也有迹可循。各种题型考察的就是学生在不同层面上对文本的理解力和思维能力。有的老师在讲阅读题时，只告诉学生：从原文中找答案，答案都在原文里。这样给出的做题技巧太笼统，无法解决学生的问题。正解是，根据不同的题型有不同的做题技巧，甚至技巧也是理解能力的一部分。

阅读理解中考的题型有文章主旨题，段落主旨题，词义题，细节题，推断题，指代题，句子改述题，作者态度题。北京市高考题要求比较高，会出态度题，全国卷中至今还没有涉及到作者态度题。对于这几种题型中，对理解能力要求最高的是，推断题，句子改述题，作者态度题。这三种题型最难拿分，因为学生不仅需要读懂字面意思，还需要深刻理解字面背后的意思，了解作者的意图，通过某些用词和句子，来推断句外之意。某些同学的思维不太对，即使在母语中也很少注意言外之意，凡事都不肯思考，常常听别人说什么就是什么，这是自己本身思维思辨力不强，所以这种思辨能力的培养需要长期纠正。而且我也发现思维的转换，并非一朝一夕的之功，需要不断提醒学生训练自己的思考方式，有时候要过度训练，强化学生思维。并且实践来看，我带过的学生2个月后初见成效，但强化且内化成自己的一部分，需要半年甚至一年的巩固。很多学生我带过一段时间后，分数提了，但如果中途不上，分数又掉下去了，也就是因为这个原因。

文章主旨题，考察的是学生对文章主题的整体把握，这是很重要的一项总结能力，读完长长的一篇文章，即使有些细节不清楚，起码应该知道文章是在讲什么。那么应该怎么解题呢？要看每段话的第一句，然后总结归纳重复出现的名词和动词，最后跟题中的选项核对，看哪一项最符合文章的主题。为什么一定要额外注意名词和动词呢？因为在语言中，名词和动词是支撑和体现意思的单位，其他的一些词类，如冠词，介词，助动词，只是完成了语法功能，并不能支撑意思的表达。你见过有谁说话，光说，a, the, in 的吗？

词义题，考察的是该单词在文章中是什么意思，有些词会有一词多意的情况，这个时候要考虑文章的语境中该单词是什么意思。词义，首先要观察这个单词的特点，如果是复合词 compound word，要看组成这个单词的每个部分，各个组成部分拼在一起，就是该单词的意思，如 deskmate，hi-tech，很容易猜出来。其次要看这个单词的词性，即根据前后的单词，推断出这个词是名词，代词，动词，形容词，还是副词。比如，孩子一看 an UFO，知道UFO是一个名词，因为前面有冠词an。然后推断出词性后，依然要根据上下文的关系来推断这个词的意思。如句子中During a performance, the elephants plays a variety of instruments, including drums and xylophones. 题目的要求是学生猜出a variety of 是什么意思。首先这个短语位于名词的前面，表示是修饰instruments “乐器”的，后面又给出了两个例子：鼓和打击乐，可见是不止是一类乐器，是好几种，所以 a variety of 指的是各种各样的。

细节题，所有的细节题，都是送分题，即使是阅读理解最难的D篇，也可以拿到分。因为细节题找对位置就可以拿分。我观察了一下细节题做不对的学生，绝大多数是思维方式有问题，不仔细看，细节看不到，把握不准，即使他的理解是正确的，也常常做不对题。这其实也是个很麻烦的事情，就好像明明你妈妈帮你准备好了便当，你却忘了带，依然没饭吃。这种学生也需要训练思维。

指代题，送分题，绝对的送分题。指代题的问法经常是： What does “it”refer to in line 24? 既然文章中用到了代词“it”，表明前面肯定提到了某个名词，然后后面可以用“it”，所以这里要注意查找前面出现的名词。但高考题常常会挖个坑，前面有几个名词，学生可能只觉得只有最近的那个名词才是正解。所以正确的做法是要把名词带入句子中，在句子中核实验证。

段落主旨题，跟文章主旨题差不多，考察学生对段落主题的把握，即在读完一个段落后，可以明白这段话是在讲什么，即使某些细节可能有些模糊，对主题是十分清楚的。具体的解法是，看段落的第一句，以及靠近第一句的位置，有很少的可能性文章的主旨句在末尾。因为信息文常见的段落结构是，开篇点题，后面用细节和例子来支撑主旨句。所以段落第一句以及靠近第一句的位置，经常可以见段落主旨句。

推断题，是比较难的题型，要求学生根据文章某一段，或者某几句，推断出言外之意。常见的问法：What can you infer from Paragraph 2? 之所以难，是因为学生不仅要理解字面意思，还可以体味到深层次的意思。这个要求其实对学生的思维有了更高的要求。如果有的学生平常没有较高深层次的思考能力，这个题并不容易做对。如果一个学生平常老师让干什么就干什么，从来不问为什么，那么就是思维力不够，要加强对思维的培养和锻炼。

由此可见，高考阅读理解要拿高分，不仅仅是背诵单词的问题，还要结合技巧和思维培养。而且每个学生的思维方式不同，看待世界的角度和方式不同，要培养思维，真的需要因人而异。根据我的经验，单词好背，思维难转换；思维转换不过来，即使是读了同一篇文章，看到的东西也是不一样的。学生常常说的一句话是：我以为，我觉得，我认为； 我反问一句： 你以为的就是作者以为的么？学习外语，无非是学习另一种思维，而学会理解别人，向来都是人生的一大难题，成年人也未必能够做好，更何况是高中生？

最后预祝今年参加高考的学生得偿所愿，英语超常发挥。

❸ 高中英语阅读理解题型

高中英语阅读理解题型

阅读理解是英语考试中的一个重点和难点。下面由我为大家带来了高中英语阅读理解题型解读和解题技巧，一起来看看吧!

【高中阅读理解题型解读】

(一)阅读是获得更综合、更复杂、更精确信息的必要手段，考生在做阅读理解时，不仅要看懂文章的字面意思，还需要针对不同题材和体裁的篇目运用不同的方法作出正确的选择。一般来说，词汇、阅读速度和理解能力是阅读理解中三个最重要且有相互联系的因素。

阅读的方法可以使用以下几种：

1.跳读：就是快速的一步阅读法。实际上是有选择阅读，找关键词。用这种阅读方法回答who、what、when、where之类的问题最为有效。

2.略读：指比跳读慢些的二步阅读法。即泛泛地、粗略地快速阅读，目的是了解大意，对文章有个总的概念。此种阅读方法能回答why、how之类的问题。

3.精读：即最细致、最慢的深层阅读方法，目的是求得对所读文章的全部意义的理解与掌握。

在使用阅读技巧时尽量做到以下几点：

1.带着问题阅读短文。

2.找出主题句、确定中心思想。

3.推断单词、句子和文章的含义。

4.尽快选择答案。

(二)不同体裁文章的特点及解题技巧

1.记叙文

记叙文又可分传记类和故事类。 传记类文章在阅读中时间是全文的关键，根据时间我们可以找到相关的事件，抓住文章的主要内容。故事类文章情节性较强，阅读时要注意故事中的时间、地点、人物和发生的事件，这些都是文章中的主要内容和信息，对于准确理解文章十分重要。

2.说明文

说明文是对事物的形状、性质、特征、成果或功用等进行介绍，解释或阐述的文章。把握所说明事物的特征和本质是理解说明文的关键。说明事物特征的方法很多，主要有定义法、解释法、比较法、比喻法、数字法、图表法、引用法和举例法等。

数字说明文

在阅读数字说明文时要特别注意文中数字的含义，从这些数字中可以找到文章的主要内容。 

解释说明文

解释说明文着重说明事物的本质、特征和功用等。许多科普文章都属于这一类。在阅读这类文章时要学会解决what, how, why 等一类的问题。它们是文章的关键。如能带着这些问题阅读，将会更迅速抓住文章的主题。 

比较说明文 比较说明文是通过对比方法说明问题。在阅读这类文章时要善于把握全篇陈述的基本倾向。作者在谈论一个有争议的问题时总要顾及到争议的各个方面。但是，在一般情况下，作者的陈述总要倾向于某一种观点。

3.应用文

应用文涉及的.范围比较广，包括广告、通知、书信等。应用文一般语言简洁，省略及不规范的句子较多。阅读时一般要求考生全面掌握文章中提供的信息，并运用这些信息去解决问题。因此对题干的理解尤为重要。

阅读理解的考题分为客观理解题(是指在短文中客观存在的事实，客观信息的答案一般都可以在原文中找到。即理解文中的具体事实或抽象概念)和主观理解题(这类问题都不可能直接从原文中找到答案，须通过阅读文章对文章主旨和深层含义有更深理解，并据此进行判断和推理)。其中细节理解题和猜测词义题属于客观题;主旨大意题和推理判断题属于主观题。针对不同类型的题目，要在平时的练习过程中，结合具体的题目，给学生进行解题方法的指导和讲解。对于客观题，要提醒他们阅读时关注文章的细节，如时间，地点或一些具体数字，在选择答案时，务必从原文中找到确切的依据。 我们可将阅读理解归纳为以下四大题型，根据阅读理解题考查角度的不同，可采用不同的解题技巧来应付。

Ⅰ.事实细节题

属于细节类型的阅读理解题一般只针对某个特定的细节，题型可以多种多样。此类题型一般分两种。第一种是直接理解题，在原文中可以直接找到答案。第二种是词义转换题，正确选项是原文有关词语和句子的转换。做此类试题一定要抓住事件发生的时间、地点、人物、发展过程和结局等环节，所选答案一定要符合原文，切不可望文生义。这类题型的主要提问方式常为：

①Which of the following is true/NOT true in the passage?

②Which of the following statements is NOT discussed/mentioned in the passage?

③Which is the right order of the events given in the passage?

④All the following statements are NOT true excep. 细节题的破解一般采用寻读法，即先看试题，再读文章。对有关信息进行快速定位，再将相关信息进行整合、甄别、分析、对比，有根有据地排除干扰项，选出正确答案。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率，节省了宝贵的时间。寻读法还特别适用于对图形表格类题材的理解。做此类型的题目还要特别注意句子的逻辑关系。英语中有许多功能词，如：表因果关系的because, since, as等;表转折关系的but, however ,on the contrary, on the other hand等等。

Ⅱ.猜测词义题

在高考阅读题中，考生遇到的最大障碍往往有两个：一是被已认识的单词的某一熟知含义所误导;二是被完全不认识的单词的意思所阻碍，从而出现理解偏差或理解困难，影响阅读的速度。其实解决这两个困难的一个重要法宝是考生在心目中树立起上下文观念，要学会“顺藤摸瓜”，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。

在阅读解题时要注意从以下七个方面着手：

1)根据定义或解释、说明猜测生词的词义 在be,be called,call等判断词出现的判断句中，或定语从句及标点符号，可以根据已知部分，猜测生词的含义。例如：

The herdsman, who looks after sheep, earns about 650 yuan a year.通过理解定语从句的意思，能猜出herdsman是“牧人”。

2)根据对比关系猜测生词的词义 在but,however,yet,otherwise,though这些表示意义转折的连词出现的句子中，其前后的词有明显对比关系，根据已知的内容，通过这种对比关系，就很容易猜出生词的词义了。例如： Though Tom’s face has been washed quite clean, his neck still remains grubby. 和clean意思相对的便是“肮脏的”了，因此可猜出句中grubby的意思是“肮脏的”。

3)通过因果关系猜测词义 because, since与as是连接原因状语从句的从属连词，so是连接表示结果的状语从句的连词，so……that与such……that中的that是连接结果状语从句的。当这些信息词出现在有生词的句子中，通过因果关系，依据已知部分就能猜出生词的词义。例如：She wanted the hairdresser to trim her hair a bit because it was too long. 根据because从句所讲的意思，我们就可推测trim就是“修剪”之意。

4)根据生活常识猜测词义

3 运用逻辑推理能力，自身的生活经验及生活常识。再联系上下文能读懂的部分，可以正确猜出词义。例如：Most of the roses are beginning to wither because of the cold. 根据句子意思及生活经验，wither表示“枯萎”。

5)根据同等关系猜测词义 同等关系，指的是一个词，一组词或短语在句中作同一成分，而且它们的词义都属于同一范畴。明显的标志是，这样的词组或短语中间常常用并列连词and或or来连接。例如： At forty-two he was in his prime and always full of energy. 从“年龄42岁”以及与prime具有同等关系的full of energy可以猜出prime的意思是“盛年时期”。

6)根据列举的事例猜测词义 You can take any of the periodicals: "The World of English". "Foreign Language Teaching in Schools", or "English Learning". 从后面列举的例子中，可以猜出periodical是“期刊，杂志”的意思。

7)根据构词法知识猜测词义 根据学过的构词法知识，知道词根和前缀或后缀的意义，就可猜出由它们组成的新词词义。

Ⅲ.推理判断题

做这类题要求考生在阅读理解整体语篇的同时，又要求学生对作者的态度、意图及文章细节的发展作正确的推理判断，力求从作者的角度去考虑，不要固守自己的看法或观点。不要主观臆断，凭空想象，任意发挥，而走入误区。学生要学会运用主题句去推测、揣摩文字背后作者的意图，运用归纳、对比、演绎技能，运用背景知识去挖掘文章深层含义，从而正确理解作者的言外之意，同时认真体会文章的语气与感情基调(如：否定、厌恶、反问、讽刺等)。

这类试题常以如下句式发问：

①What can you conclude/ imply from this passage?

②What’s the author’s attitude(态度)towards……?

③We can infer /learn from the passage that……

如： Once there was something wrong with a machine in a factory. The workers could do nothing but turn to a German engineer for help, who drew a line on it and said, “Take off the part where the line is and change it for a new one. ”The machine, with a new line on, began running well again. The engineer then asked for $ 30,000 for what he had done. The following were what he wrote on a bill, “The new part only costs one dollar, and knowing where the problem with the machine is costs $ 29,999.”

Q: What can you conclude from this passage?

A. the engineer asked for too much money

B. the workers should pay the money

C. the knowledge is worth money

D. the new part could cost more

这篇短文是作者讲的一个故事，那么通过这个故事我们可以判断出什么呢?虽然作者没有言明，但是我们可以断定，发现问题的所在需要智慧和知识，知识是创造价值的源泉，因此此题的正确答案应为C. Ⅳ.主旨大意题 这种题型要求考生能够把握文章的总体，并真正理解主题和中心;要求能较好地运用概括、判断、归纳、推理等逻辑思维方法解题，难度较大，属于高层次题。

;

❹ 高中英语阅读理解的解题技巧与方法是什么

英语在高考中非常重要，阅读理解更是是重中之重，所占分数比例大。阅读理解考验学生单词量，还考验学生的句型应用于时态。下面是我分享的高中英语阅读理解解题技巧，一起来看看吧。

高中英语阅读理解解题技巧

阅读积累

要提高阅读水平，词汇量与短语量非常重要。所以要提高阅读水平，我们就得学会积累词语。我们不妨这么做：在通读全文后看第二遍，遇到生词尽可能根据上下文来猜，仍猜不出意思的，就查词典，然后将这些词抄写在一本可随身携带的小本子上。

每当有空时，就拿出这个小本子来背诵记忆。这样做不但不费时，而且效果也很好。因为不时地接触、反复地记忆，词汇量会增加得很快。

根据上下文猜测词义

猜测词义也是一种英语阅读能力。英语阅读理解试题中有不少这样的题目。任何一个实词，只有在一定的上下文中才能表示一个确定的词义。

上下文的作用就是帮助确定上下文中的词、短语或句子的意义。据此，我们可以尽可能地利用上下文来猜测词义，即从已知推求未知，也就是用我们所熟悉的词或短语来猜测我们不熟悉的词的词义。

猜测词义时，我们可以从三个方面来考虑：

1)根据上下文已知部分进行逻辑上的推理。根据上下文猜测词义的方法有下列几种：根据定义或解释猜测词义;根据并列、同位关系猜测词义;根据同义、反义、因果关系猜测词义。

2)运用语法知识进行语法分析。

3)依靠常识和经验做出判断。

寻找出处，对号入座

由于阅读填表题要以所读材料为依据，在通常情况下，每个空格的所填内容一般可从给定材料中找到出处或依据，在做题时要充分利用这一特点，将“空格”与“出处”对号入座，然后根据表格中已有信息的表现形式，准确填出所缺内容。

同时，值得注意的是，如果表格所填信息与原文中的“出处”基本相同，则可直接对号入座;如果表格信息与原文中的“出处”有较大出入，则要进行适当的转换。

逻辑推理，做好深层理解题

在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer,imply,suggest,indicate等。

高考英语阅读理解的解题思路

解答阅读理解题的总体思路是：单句人手。语篇突破，着眼整体，归纳推断。一般有以下两种阅读顺序(P=Passage，Q=Question)：

(1)P-Q-P：即先看文章，后看问题，再通过阅读文章来解答问题。这是考生常用的按部就班的阅读方式。其特点是有利于考生把握文章的主旨和作者的态度。但采用这种阅读方式的考生往往阅读速度较慢，因此难以在阅读时积极主动地预测文章内容。

(2)Q-P-Q：即先将问题看一遍，然后带着问题去阅读文章，最后答题。其特点是针对性强，节省答题时间，比较适用于解答事实性和细节性的问题，但是解答主旨性和推断性问题的效果不明显。

P-Q-P方式或Q-P-Q方式的采用因人而异，无优劣之分。当然，题型不同，解题的方法也应有所不同。

常用的解题技巧有以下几种：

1.正选法与排除法

正选法即根据所读材料内容从正面选择最佳答案。如果在有些情况下从正面选择答案有困难，考生则可以考虑选用排除法，即排除四个选项中的三个错误选项，那么剩下的选项即为正确答案。排除法是解答阅读理解题的常用方法，对于那些不合情理或荒谬的选项、与短文内容相反的选项、与短文内容不相关的选项、虽在短文中出现但答非所问的选项，以及不是问题的主要因素的选项等，都可以采用排除法。

考生可以遵循如下三级思考的方法排除干扰项：

(1)如果干扰项明显与文章相矛盾，即为误，可以直接排除。

(2)如果干扰项与文章内容不矛盾，但在原文中没有依据，这种脱离原文的虚的选项也可以排除。

(3)有些干扰项似乎很有道理，文中也能找到相关的依据，但它并不能完全满足题目的要求，未能以文章的主题、作者的思维模式为出发点，未能充分体现严谨性和最大的合理性，这种虽没错但不是最佳答案的偏选项也可以排除。

只要考生经过是否矛盾?(误否)--是否有依据?(虚否?)--是否以偏概全

(偏否?)的逐级思考过程来分析和甄别每一个选项，那么解题的正确率就会得以提高。正确的答案应该是与原文意义一致的选项，或是经过三级思考仍不能排除的选项。请看2006年广东卷第64题：

?

A.-skilledworkers.

B..

C..

D..

此题为事实细节题，可以采用排除法。由文章第一段第一、二句-collar

jobs.Theyareconstructionworkers,truckdrivers,mechanics,steelworkers,

electricians,andthelike.可知，蓝领阶层的薪水不高这个事实，据此先排除B项;由第一段最后一句Theyconsider

thelowerclass,whomtheyoftenconsidertobelazy,dishonest,andtooready

toexploitpublic

assistance.可知，蓝领阶层是受人尊敬的、勤劳的群体，他们看不起那些懒惰、欺诈别人、依靠别人捐款生活的阶层，故排除C、D两项，正确答案为A项。

2.定位法与跳读法

定位法即根据题干和选项所提供的信息直接从原文中找到相应的句子(即定位)，然后进行比较和分析(尤其要注意一些同义转换)，从而找出正确答案。跳读法即根据题干和选项所提供的信息跳读原文，并找到相关的句子(有时可能是几个句子)或段落，然后进行分析和推理等，从而找出正确答案。请看2006年湖南卷第71题：

Whenshewasstillinherearly30s,

magazinesasPartisanReview,

life,,filmandart.

,

worldculture.

_____________.

A.

B.developedworldliterature，filmandart

C.

D.

解答本题可以用定位法。与题干意思相近的句子是上一句

life，,filmand

art。许多考生误选了A项，他们忽略了原文中出现的appearedas，意为似乎，好像，增加了句意的不确定性。故D项为最佳答案。

3.画图与列表法

画图法就是以时间、地点、事件或因果等为线索，找出关键词语，勾画出一幅完整、清晰的关于文章主题和细节的图示的方法。请看2006年浙江卷第48题：

Howisthetextorganized?

A.Inorderoftime.B.Inorderoffrequency.

C.Inorderofpreference.D.Inorderofimportance.

在解答此题时考生只要列一个表(见下表)，按短文叙事的顺序展开故事发展的过程，正确答案就会一目了然。

thecartowork

另外，有些文章的信息点可能较为分散，涉及的内容比较多，此时考生若能恰当运用列

表的方法也会将难题化解。请看2006年安徽卷第61题：

both________.

A.popularalltheirfivesB.famousactresses

C.successfulwhenveryyoungD.richandkind-hearted

根据文章内容，考生可以列出以下四个相同的信息点(见下表)：

--thestoryofVelvet

Brown,.(短文首句)

achildactress.(第一段末句)

,Taylorhadnotrouble

.(第二段)

,shehasbeenlucky:she

hasbeauty,fameandwealth.(末段第二句)

.

通过此表，考生可以清楚地得出本题的答案为C项。

4.概括法与推理法

概括法指根据所读材料概括文章主题、要点、标题和中心思想等;而推理法则指根据所读材料的字面意思，通过语篇的逻辑关系以及各个细节的信息和暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓意，悟出作者的言外之意和弦外之音。考生在运用推理法时首先要吃透文章的字面意思，从字里行间捕捉有用的提示和线索;然后再对文字的表面信息进行挖掘和加工，由表及里，由浅人深，从具体到抽象，从特殊到一般，通过分析、综合和判断等思维活动对文章进行深层处理以及合乎逻辑的推理。此时切忌就事论事、以偏概全，也不能主观臆想、随意揣测，更不能以自己的观点代替作者的观点。请看2006年浙江卷第55题：

AccordingtoWhite,

computers?

A..

B..

C..

D..

文章最后两段提到，接受调查的三个国家的妇女更有可能使用旧电脑，而英国比法国和德国使用up-to-date

computers的人更多，最后一段分析了其中的原因

,orcouldbe，a

maincauseof

dissatisfaction。由此可以推断，不断更新的技术也会使人产生焦虑，导致负面情绪的产生，所以被调查的妇女更喜欢使用旧电脑。

5.常识法与背景法

常识法是考生利用已有的常识进行识别和判断的方法。背景法与常识法相似，指考生充分运用所读材料的信息答题。请看2006年安徽卷第69题：

fireisallexampleof____________.

A.separatingthefireB.recingtheheat

C.removingthefuelD.cuttingofftheoxygen

本题为一道常识题，考生根据自己学过的化学知识可知，燃烧要具备三要素：可燃物、氧气和温度，这有助于理解第二段首句Sincefuel,oxygen

,oneormoreofthesethings

的意思;另外，通过第三段内容Anothermethodof

.Thisisusuallydoneby

coveringthefirewithsand,steamorsomeother

things.可以推断出：用cover的方法来灭火属于cuttingofftheoxygen的范畴。

高考英语的备考建议

1.理解与速度

考生要处理好理解与速度的关系。答题时要力求情绪平稳，不要一味追求速度而影响理解的准确性;不要拘泥于一词一句的理解;不要遇到不懂的地方就反复读，影响阅读速度。比较好的阅读方法是边看边想边理解。遇到生词或看不懂的地方先做个记号，继续看下去，因为一些疑难点往往会在下文中得到解决。

关于阅读速度，难度中等的文章应为每分钟60个单词左右;难度较低、生词不超过总词汇量20%的材料，阅读速度应为每分钟70个单词左右。一般来说，超纲而又影响阅读理解的词汇都会用中文标出词义。只有保证了阅读的速度才有可能在规定时间内完成阅读、复读及答题的任务。

2.阅读训练方式

在训练方式方面要力求多样化。常见的阅读训练方式有：掠读、寻读、精读和泛读等。在掠读、寻读时要掌握查阅的技巧。查阅时考生应迅速找到某一特定信息在短文中的位置，并以这个位置为中心，扩展到上文和下文，寻求正确答案。考生要学会用扫视的方法寻找信息。扫视时，眼睛要纵向而不是横向移动。运用扫视来扩大视觉范围能帮助考生又快又准确地捕捉到想要查找的信息。

考生应根据阅读目的选择阅读方式，调整阅读速度，合理分配阅读时间。

3.生词处理

考生在阅读时一定会碰上生词或记不清楚的词汇。遇到这种情况时，考生可以通过上下文猜测词义。具体方法如下：

(1)根据生词前后词汇的意思或整个句子的意思来猜测生词。例如：

.

根据句子后部分begantoread可以猜出spectacle的意思为眼镜。

(2)根据语法知识和标点符号来猜测生词。例如：

Theywillbeonthenightshift---frommidnightto6a.m.---nextweek.

此句两个破折号之间的部分表明nightshift是夜班的意思。

(3)根据说明词义的定语从句来猜测生词。例如：

Thetypeofmeteriscalledmulti-meter,whichisusedtomeasure

electricity.

从上句中的定语从句可以推断出multi-meter是万能表的意思。

(4)根据已知事实细节来猜测生词。例如：

melancholyonthatSundayinMay.Afterall,itwasMothersdayand800miles

.

根据上下文的陈述，刚刚搬家，远离父母，正好是星期天，又是母亲节，而两代人却天各一方等事实，可以推断出年轻妻子当时忧郁、伤感的心情，并由此猜测出生词melancholy的意思。

(5)学会只猜测生词的大概意思，而不必追求其准确含义。例如：

TheAsiangibbon,likeotherapes,.

在这句话中，考生只要猜出自gibbon是apes(类人猿)的一种就行了，毋须知道其准确意思。

(6)运用构词法判断生词的词义，也是提高阅读速度的一种技巧。考生可以通过已知的

词缀(包括前缀和后缀)和词根就能猜测生词的含义。例如，单词telescope由前缀tele(意思是far)和scope(意思是instrument

forseeingorobserving)构成，整个单词的意思是望远镜。为了熟练使用构词法知识猜测生词，考生在平时应多积累词缀以及词根方面的知识。

4.利用信号词进行预测和推测

在阅读过程中，为了既迅速又准确地理解文章的含义，利用信号词预测非常重要。信号词可以揭示句子内在关系或文章各部分之间的关系(见下表)。特别是在快速阅读时，它能帮助考生预测文章信息，提高阅读速度。

部分信号词及其所预示的信息

信号词预示的信息

however,onthecontrary,although等信号词引出的内容是与上文相反的论述，或作者不同的观点

similarly,equally,also,besides,furthermore,inotherwords等

下文与前面所讲内容相同或相似

forexample,forinstance等具体例证，说明上文中的论点

foronething,ontheotherhand等下文还有另外一方面

inaword,inshort等后面的句子是对上文的总结

actually,infact,thepointis,astudysurveyfound/showed/provedthat

等后面的句子往往是作者想要表达和强调的内容或观点

此外，在利用信号词进行预测时，考生还需注意以下三点：

(1)遇到预示前后内容相同或相近，或者补充说明的信号词时，可以适当加快阅读速度，或借此推测生词的词义。

(2)文中出现的频率较高的实词可以帮助考生确定文章的主旨大意。

(3)出现代词I,we,my,our,转折词but,however,yet，情态动词must,should,oughtto,

连词although,

❺ 高中英语阅读理解题有多少种题材

阅读理解的文章体来裁多样，包括源记叙文、说明文、应用文等；题材广泛，涉及政治经济、社会文化、风俗习惯、历史、地理与科学技术等各个方面。一些与日常生活关系密切的图表、表格和广告类，如火车或飞机的时刻表、电视节目表、课表、活动日程表、各种情况的比例图、事物发展变化（增减）图、各类标志图、广告等实用类文体。 判断就简单啦，跟语文差不多。

❻ 上海高中英语阅读理解及答案

上海高中英语阅读理解及答案

勤学苦练，是最踏实的.英语学习方法。下面是我整理的上海英语高考真题阅读理解题及答案，希望能帮到大家!

2015上海英语高考真题阅读理解

(A)

Look to many of history’s cultural symbols, and there you’ll find an ancestor of Frosty, the snowman in the movie Frozen. It appeared on some of the first postcards, starred in some of the earliest silent movies, and was the subject of a couple of the earliest photos, dating all the way back to the 1800s. I discovered even more about one of humanity’s earliest forms of life art ring several years of research around the world.

For example, snowmen were a phenomenon in the Middle Ages, built with great skill and thought. At a time of limited means of expression, snow was like free art supplies dropped from the sky. It was a popular activity for couples to leisurely walk through town to view the temporary works of chilly art. Some were created by famous artists, including a 19-year-old Michelangelo, who in 1494 was appointed by the ruler of Florence, Italy, to build a snowman in his mansion’s courtyard.

The Miracle of 1511 took place ring six freezing weeks called the Winter of Death. The city of Brussels was covered in snowmen—an impressive scene that told stories on every street corner. Some were political in nature, criticizing the church and government. Some were a reflection of people’s imagination. For the people of Brussels, this was a defining moment of artistic freedom. At least until spring arrived, by which time they were dealing with damaging floods.

If you fear the heyday of the snowman has passed, don’t worry: I’ve learned that some explosive snowman history is still being made today. Every year since 1818, the people of Zurich, Switzerland, celebrate the beginning of spring by blowing up a snowman. On the third Monday of April, the holiday Sechselauten is kicked off when a cotton snowman called the Boogg is stuffed with explosive and paraded through town by bakers and other tradesmen who throw bread to the crowds. The parade ends with the Boogg being placed on a 40-foot pile of firewood. After the bells of the Church of St. Peter have rung six times, representing the passing of winter, the pile is lit. When the snowman explodes, winter is considered officially over—the quicker it is burnt down, the longer summer is said to be.

66. According to the passage, why did snowmen become a phenomenon in the Middle Ages?

A. People thought of snow as holy art supplies.

B. People longed to see masterpieces of snow.

C. Building snowmen was a way for people to express themselves.

D. Building snowmen helped people develop their skill and thought.

67. “The heyday of the snowman” (paragraph 4) means the time when___________.

A. snowmen were made mainly by artists

B. snowmen enjoyed great popularity

C. snowmen were politically criticized

D. snowmen caused damaging floods

68. In Zurich, the blowing up of the Boogg symbolizes__________________.

A. the start of the parade

B. the coming of a longer summer

C. the passing of the winter

D. the success of tradesmen

69. What can be concluded about snowmen from the passage?

A. They were appreciated in history

B. They have lost their value

C. They were related to movies

D. They vary in shape and size

参考答案：66. C 67. B 68. C 69. A

(B)

Scary Bunny

The Curse of the Were-Rabbit (2005) is the first full-length feature film made by directors Nick Park and Steve Box with their amazing plasticine (粘土) characters Wallace and Gromit. It won an Oscar in 2006, and if you watch it, you’ll understand why. It’s an absolutely brilliant cartoon comedy.

Cheese-loving inventor Wallace and his brainy dog Gromit have started a company to protect the town’s vegetables from hungry rabbits. However, just before the annual Giant Vegetable Competition, an enormous rabbit begins terrorising the town. It is attacking all the vegetables and destroying everything in its path. The competition organizer, Lady Tottington, hires Wallace and Gromit to catch the monster alive. But they will have to find the were-rabbit before gun-crazy hunter Victor Quartermaine who is desperate to kill it.

The screenplay is witty and full of amusing visual jokes. As usual, the voice of Peter Sallis is absolutely perfect for the role of Wallace, and Gromit is so beautifully brought to life, he can express a huge range of emotions without saying a word. And both Helena Bonham-Carter, who plays the part of Lady Tottington, and Ralph Fiennes as Victor are really funny.

To sum up, The Curse of the Were-Rabbit is an amazing film which is suitable for both children and alts. If you liked Wallace and Gromit’s previous adventures and you appreciate the British sense of humour, you’ll love this film. Don’t miss it!

70. In the film review, what is paragraph A mainly about?

A. The introction to the leading roles B. The writer’s opinion of acting

C. The writer’s comments on the story D. The background information

71. According to the film review, “the monster” (paragraph B) refers to ______.

A. a gun-crazy hunter B. a brainy dog

C. a scary rabbit D. a giant vegetable

72. Which of the following is a reason why the writer recommends the film?

A. It’s full of wit and humour.

B. Its characters show feelings without words.

C. It is an adventure film directed by Peter Sallis.

D. It is about the harmony between man and animals.

参考答案：70. D 71. C 72. A

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❼ 高考英语阅读理解怎么做 有什么解题技巧

我们在做高中英语的阅读理解时往往摸不到头绪，那么高考英语拆键阅读理解怎么做，有哪些解题技巧？下面 我为大家解答一下!

如何做高考英语阅读理解

1、略读法

略读法是快速阅读中的一种方法，通常又称为浏览。略读的关键是在能抓住文章要点的前提下以个人最快的速度阅读，主要目的是尽快获得足够的信息以便准确地回答有关文章主旨和大意的问题。利用略读法去做阅读时，要特别注意文章首尾两段，要学会寻找文章段落的主题句，这是高效省时抓住段落要点的一条捷径，同时也是准确理解全文大意的有效途径。

2、查阅法

考生从文段中获得所需的具体信息，可以不需要阅读整篇文章，而只需找出可能包含所需信息的部分，然后加以阅读就行，这种方法就是查阅法。查阅法主要是获得具体的信息，回答具体的问题，即测试中的细节问题，它常常与5W和1H，即Who,What,When,Where,Why和How有关，有时跟具体的数字如长度、宽度、距离、大小旅庆巧、尺寸等有联系。考生在使用查阅法时，应该注意文章的结构和顺序排列，文章的结构有的是按时间顺序排列，有的是按空间顺序排列，有的是按逻辑顺序排列。弄清楚文章的排列顺序考生就能在阅读和回答问题时做到高效省时，准确无误，在最短的时间内找到所需的信息。

3、同义互释法

所谓同义互释，就是在阅差嫌读的时候从备选项中找出与原文意思相同或相近的词、词组或短语，它们在意思上相同或相近，可以互相解释，互相替换，这种阅读方式叫做同义互释法。它是英语阅读理解的常见方法之一，在高考中有些深层理解或者判断推理的问题可以采用同义互释法。

高考英语阅读理解解题技巧总结

1. 正选法与排除法

正选法即根据所读材料内容从正面选择最佳答案。如果在有些情况下从正面选择答案有困难，考生则可以考虑选用排除法，即排除四个选项中的三个错误选项，那么剩下的选项即为正确答案。排除法是解答阅读理解题的常用方法，对于那些不合情理或荒谬的选项、与短文内容相反的选项、与短文内容不相关的选项、虽在短文中出现但答非所问的选项，以及不是问题的主要因素的选项等，都可以采用排除法。

2. 定位法与跳读法

定位法即根据题干和选项所提供的信息直接从原文中找到相应的句子(即定位)，然后进行比较和分析(尤其要注意一些同义转换)，从而找出正确答案。跳读法即根据题干和选项所提供的信息跳读原文，并找到相关的句子(有时可能是几个句子)或段落，然后进行分析和推理等，从而找出正确答案。

❽ 高中英语阅读题

高中英语阅读题

练习是提高英语阅读理解的一个硬办法，下面是我整理的高中的英语阅读练习题以及答案，有需要的朋友可以阅读参考一下哦!

第一篇：

Ever since news of widespread food recalls caused by a carcinogenic dye broke, there has been confusion over possible links to the country of the same name, but Sudan officials say thereis no connection whatever.

Sudan?1 is a red instrial dye that has been found in some chilli powder, but was banned in food procts across the European Union (EU) in July 2003.

Since the ban was put in place, EU officials have been striving to remove some food procts from the shelves. So far 580 procts have been recalled.

Last week Sudan‘s Embassy in the United Kingdom asked the Food Standards Agency (FSA) for clarification of the origin of the dye‘s name.

Omaima Mahmoud Al Sharief, a press official at Sudan‘s Embassy in China, explained the purpose of the inquiry was to clear up any misunderstanding over links between the country and the poisonous dye.

"We want to keep an eye on every detail and avoid any misunderstanding there," she said. "Our embassy to Britain asked them how the dye got that name and whether the dye had something to do with our country. But they told us there was no relationship."

The FSA, an independent food security watchdog in Britain, received a letter from the Sudanese embassy last week.

"They asked us why the dye is named Sudan, however, we also do not know how it got the name," she said. "People found the dye in 1883 and gave it the name. Nobody knows the reason, and we cannot give any explanation before we find out."

Sudan dyes, which include Sudan?1 to 4, are red dyes(颜料) used for colouring solvents(溶剂), oils, waxes, petrol, and shoe and floor polishes. They are classified as carcinogens by the International Agency for Research on Cancer.

1. What does the underlined word mean in paragraph one?

A. Causing cancer. B. Having side effect. C. Containing poison. D.Poisonous

2. How did the Sudan?1 get its name?

A. The dye is often proced in Sudan.

B. The dye has something to do with the country named Sudan.

C. Nobody is sure of the origin of the name.

D. Many foods proced in Sudan contain the dye.

3. We can infer from the passage that.

A. the Sudan government is paying much attention to the food safety

B. Sudan?1 is often used to be added to the food

C. people didn’t realize the danger of Sudan?1 until 2003

D. many food shops will be closed down

4. Which of the following is the best title? A. Keep away from Sudan?1

B. No Sudan?1 dye links to the country C. How Sudan?1 dye got its name?

D. Pay attention to the food safety

第二篇：

During the fourth China Beijing High-tech Instries Week, exhibitions, feature presentations, technological exchanges and trade talks, and other events are organized.

Exhibitions

•China International Exhibition Centre

*Section for China‘s key science and technology achievements of the Ninth Five Year Plan (1996-2000)

*Environmental protection and energy section

*Section for exhibitors from other provinces and municipalities(自治市) and regions of China

·China World Trade Centre

*Exchange and Trade Fair for Science and Technology Books and Sports Information Media *The Trade Fair for Modern Intelligent Houses and Beijing Urban Real Estate ·China Millenium Monument

*Forum(论坛)and Exhibition of Foreign Sci-tech Universities ·China Agricultural Culture Centre

*High-tech Construction Procts Exhitibion Feature Presentation ·Science and Ecation

*Scientists Forum on the New Century ·High-tech Instry

*Forum on Environmental Protection

*2001 Forum on Bio-technology on Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Medicine Technical Exchanges and Trade Talks

·Trade talks on financial capital transformation

· Sino-Italian Forum and Trade Fair for the Development of IT and Com munications Technology

1.If you want to know more about the high-tech achievements of different parts of China, you should go to______.

A. China World Trade Centre B. China Millenium Monument

C. China International Exhibition Centre D. China Agricultural Culture Centre

2.These sessions mark the achievements of mankind in the fields of______.

A. electronic communications, energy and ecation

B. sports technology, film-instry and environmental protection C. network technology, high-tech instries and traffic D. medicine, weather broadcast and finance

3.The advertisement is mainly about______.

A. the major activities of the high-tech week B. the time-table of high-tech week C. the names of the meeting places D. the topic of trade talks

第三篇：

In East Africa there is a bribe(部落) of people called the Masai. They are tall and slim(苗条的) and carry long spears to guard their cattle against an attacking lion or leopard(豹). These Africans move from place to place on the rolling(绵延起伏的) grasslands looking for suitable grazing(牧场) and water. Mboto is twelve years old. He helps his father drive the cattle. If the family decides to remain in one spot for a while, he helps gather sticks and thin branches to build a simple house. The sticks are placed in the ground in a circle. They are then bent inwards and joined at the top. Small branches and leaves fill the spaces. If it looks as if the family will stay longer than usual, then the inside walls are often plastered with cattle manure(粪). For a door there is only a small opening to allow a person to enter. A thorn(刺) fence is built around the small house to keep cattle safe at night. Lions, leopards and hyenas prowl(觅食) around after dark. So the cattle would be easily killed and eaten.

When Mboto grows up into a man, he will become a true Masai warrior(勇士). He will have to join other warriors in the strange custom of drinking blood. The blood is taken from the neck of one of their cattle. It is mixed with milk and together with meat. It becomes the main food for the men.

The Masai have lived this way for thousands of years. The only change that seems to have affected their lives is the use of the transistor(晶体管) radio. It is quite common to see a young warrior with a pair of earphones listening to music while has is with his cattle.

1.The underlined word plastered in the first paragraph means______.

A. painted B. covered all over C. put up D. dotted

2.What do the Masai spend most of their time doing?

A. Hunting B. Fighting against wild animals C. Grazing their cattle D. Building small houses

3.It can be learned from the text that______.

A. a Masai warrior drinks blood mixed with milk B. Mboto is a strong Masai warrior

C. a thorn fence is built to keep the cattle out

D. the Masai has nearly a thousand years of history

4.Which of the following is NOT true according to the text?

A. The Masai wander over the rolling African grasslands.

B. A Masai‘s simple house has a small opening as a door to allow a person to enter.

C. A Masai‘s simple house is made of branches and strong sticks.

D. Modern inventions don‘t affect the Masai‘s lives at all.

>>>>>>参考答案<<<<<<

第一篇：

1. A词义猜测题。根据They are classified as carcinogens by the International Agency for Research on Cancer. 可知这个词与癌症有关，故可推出carcinogenic意为"致癌的."。

2. C细节题。根据People found the dye in 1883 and gave it the name. Nobody knows the reason, and we cannot give any explanation before we find out.可知还没有人知道"苏丹红"名称的由来。

3. B推断题。根据EU officials have been striving to remove some food procts from the shelves. So far 580 procts have been recalled.可知某些食品因含有"苏丹红"而被召回。故可推断"苏丹红"经常用作食品添加剂。

4. B主旨大意题。根据there has been confusion over possible links to the country of the same name, but Sudan officials say there is no connection whatever. 可知本文主要讲"苏丹红"与苏丹这个国家是否有联系的问题，故B最佳。

第二篇：C A A

第三篇：B C A D

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❾ 英语阅读理解的题型

英语阅读理解的题型

作为高考英语试卷中题量最大、分值最多、难度最高的题型，高考英语阅读理解题在整个高中英语中至关重要。下面我整理了高考英语阅读理解的常见题型以及解题方法，大家一起来看一下吧!

【高考英语阅读理解常见题型及解题方法】

一、主旨大意题

主旨大意题主要考查学生对所读材料(或所读材料片断)中心思想的概括。做这类题时，考生应通读全文，把握文章大意或中心思想，同时注意文章的主题句，因为主题句表达中心思想，其他句子均围绕主题句进行展开。主题句通常位于文章第一段首句、第一段末句或全文末句等地方，但位于段落中间(通常是第一段或最后一段的中间)也是完全可能的。主旨大意题的考查形式很多，如概括标题、主题、段意、中心思想等。请看浙江卷中的一个段落：

In the course of working my way through school, I took many jobs I would rather forget. But none of these jobs was as dreadful as my job in an apple plant. The work was hard; the pay was poor; and, most of all, the working conditions were terrible.

◎What is the subject discussed in the text?

A. The writer’s unhappy school life

B. The writer’s eagerness to earn money

C. The writer’s experience as a full-time worker

D. The writer’s hard work in an apple plant

原文共有五个自然段，上面摘录的只是文章的第1个自然段，但是如果考生训练有素的话，只要读完这个段落就可猜出此题的答案了。因为文章第一句说In the course of working my way through school, I took many jobs I would rather forget，接着作者用but引出一个新的情况(即主题句)：none of these jobs was as dreadful as my job in an apple plant. 再接下来又说：The work was hard; the pay was poor; and, most of all, the working conditions were terrible. 聪明的读者至此应该可以猜测到，下面的几个段落肯定是介绍这个apple plant 的work是如何的hard，它的pay是如何的poor，它的working conditions 是如何的terrible 等。比较四个选项，只有选项D所表述内容合乎上面的分析，故选D。

二、事实细节题

顾名思义，事实细节题即指针对文章的某个事实或细节而设置的试题。事实细节题的命题方法很多，如可能是对某个细节用同义结构转换后进行考查、也可能是将文章中的几个细节(通常是四个)放在一起要求考生判断是非(选出正确的一项或选出错误的一项)或对几个细节进行排序等。解答这类试题时，一个常用的方法就是运用定位法，即根据题干或选项中的线索词从原文中找到相关的句子，与选项进行比较从而确定答案(此时要特别注意一些常见的同义转换或简单换算)。请看安徽卷中的一道事实细节题：

Tuition Fees(学费)

Tuition fees are different from department to department, generally from $5,000 to $6,000 a year. For further information: [email protected]

Accommodation(住宿)

You can have a room in a 4-bedrcom flat, which will cost about $100 a month with other regular living costs of about $150 a month for one person. For further information: [email protected]

◎You have to pay at least ______ a year if you study at the University of Waikato.

A. $5,250 B. $8,000 C. $9,000 D. $11,000

根据Tuition fees一节的内容可知，一年的学费最低为5,000美元，再根据Accommodation(住宿)一节可知，除学费外，还有住宿费(每月100美元)和生活费(每月150美元)，即一年大约共3,000美元，所以在WaiKato大学读书一年至少要花费5,000+3,000=8,000美元，故答案为B。

三、代词指代题

这类题要求考生根据一定的上下文推测代词的指代意义，它主要考查考生在一定语境中对上下文逻辑关系的正确理解。做这类题时，考生不仅要读懂相关句子的句意，理顺相关句子的逻辑关系，而且还要学会合理变通，尤其要学会变通理解其中的`同义表达。请看天津卷中的一个片断和一个道词义猜测题：

Many creative thinkers state that they have completely devoted themselves to the subject matter of the problem, often over fairly long periods of time. Indeed, it would be strange if they had not done this. Nothing in such statements supports the idea that there is anything very different about the problem solving that leads to discoveries of the great contributions to the society. The act of discovery, even in the relatively predictable(可以预见的) sense that it occurs in everyday learning, involves(涉及) a “sudden insight” which changes the problem situation into a solution situation. As we have seen, everyday discovery also requires that the learner have the knowledge of the rules gained in the past, which is involved in the solution.

◎What does the underlined word “this” refer to?

A. Great contributions to the society.

B. Long-time study of the subject matter.

C. Various statements about problem solving.

D. Complete devotion to artistic creation.

此题答案选B。答案的直接依据是文章中的Many creative thinkers state that they have completely devoted themselves to the subject matter of the problem, often over fairly long periods of time. Indeed, it would be strange if they had not done this 这两句话。从句意和句子结构上看，this在此指代的应是they have completely devoted themselves to the subject matter of the problem, often over fairly long periods of time，比较四个选项，只有B与之吻合，因为选项中的long-time与原文中的over fairly long periods of time属同义表达，选项中的study of the subject matter 与原文中的devoted themselves to the subject matter of the problem属同义表达。

四、词义猜测题

即要求考生根据一定的上下文猜测生词的词义。它是高考英语阅读理解中的一个难点，同学们应引起充分重视。猜测生词词义的方法很多，常用的有同义解释法、因果推断法、前后对比法、基本构词法、语境理解法、举例说明法、常识背景法、类属分析法等。请看安徽卷中一道词义猜测题：

More American people take their troubles with them on holiday, according to a new survey. Although 40 percent said that the main reason for going away is to escape pressure(压力) from work, almost all said they worry more than they do at home. Only four in every 100 said that they are happy and free of care.

◎The underlined word “survey” in the first paragraph most probably means ______.

A. research B. review C. exhibition D. examination

此题答案选A。比较四个选项，同时结合常识，文中所提到的事实和数据应该是“调查和研究”得出的(其他几个选项可排除)。

五、推理判断题

即要求考生在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上，作出一定的判断和推理，从而得出文章的隐含意义和深层意义。推理判断题属于主观性较强的高层次阅读理解题，做这类题目时，同学们应严格依据作者所陈述的细节、事实以及作者的措词、态度和语气等，找出能够表露作者思想倾向和感情色彩的词语，然后利用自己已获得的相关知识进行推理判断，从而得出符合逻辑的结论。此时应特别注意：当问及作者的看法、意图与态度时，不要误认为是在问“你”(考生)的想法，而是作者本人在字里行间所表述的观点。请看全国卷中的一个段落：

Now the task I face in harvesting the fruit is twofold: First, I have to find the red ones among the leaves, which means I almost have to stand on my head, and once found I have to reach down and under, pick the tomatoes and withdraw(缩回) my full fist without dropping the prize so dearly won. I found two full-blown white roses completely hidden as I picked tomatoes in June, but they were weak and the leaves already yellow for lack of light.

◎By saying “the prize so dearly won” in paragraph 5, the writer wants to ______.

A. show the difficulty in picking the tomatoes

B. show the hardship of growing the roses

C. express her liking for the roses

D. express her care for the tomatoes

本文大意讲的是作者在春天偶然栽种的一棵西红柿长成后非常大，影响到园中的玫瑰花，作者在享受西红柿美味的同时，又难以割舍珍贵的玫瑰花，面对两种选择，作者举棋不定。

此题要求考生推测作者说the prize so dearly won的意图，属推理判断题。此题答案选A，其推理依据主要有以下几点：一是作者在第1句用了 the task一词，将摘西红柿看成是一项“任务”;二是作者在三个地方用了have to，表示摘西红柿不容易;三是作者还用了stand on my head, reach down and under…等夸张性用词，充分说明了摘西红柿的难度。比较四个选项，显然只有选项A最佳。

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❿ 英语阅读带翻译

英语阅读范文带翻译

阅读理解一直是高中英语考试中的难点与重点，想要提高自己的阅读能力，平常多多积累是一定的，下面是我整理的高中英语阅读理解范文，希望能帮到大家!

【1】

I am Peter Hodes, avolunteer stem courier. Since March 2012, I've done 89 trips of those , 51 havebeen abroad, I have 42 hours to carry stem cells(干细胞)in my little box because I've got two ice packs and that's how longthey last, in all, from the time the stem cells are harvested from a donor(捐献者) to the time they can be implanted in the patient, we’ve got 72 hoursat most, So I am always conscious of time.

I had one trip last year whereI was caught by a hurricane in America. I picked up the stem cells in Providence,Rhode Island, and was meant to fly to Washington then back to London. But when Iarrived at the check-in desk at Providence, the lady on the desk said: “Well, I’mreally sorry, I’ve got some bad news for you-there are no fights from Washington.”So I took my box and put it on the desk and I said: “In this box are some stem cellsthat are urgently needed for a patient-please, please, you’ve got to get me backto the United Kingdom.” She just dropped everything. She arranged for a flight ona small plane to be held for me. re-routed(改道) me through Newark and got me back to the UK even earlier than originallyscheled.

For this courier job, you’reconsciously aware than that box you’re got something that is potentially goingto save somebody’s life.

29. Which of the following can replace theunderlined word “courier” in Paragraph17

A. provider B.delivery man

C. collector D. medical doctor

30. Why does Peter have to complete his tripwithin 42hours?

A. He cannot stay away from his job too long.

B. The donor can only wait for that long.

C. The operation needs that very much.

D. The ice won't last any longer.

31. Which flight did the woman put Peter onfirst?

A. To London B. To Newark

C. To Providence D. To Washington

中文翻译：

我叫 Peter Hodes，是一个干细胞传递志愿者。自2012年3月以来，我做了89次这项工作，51次是在国外。我用我的小箱子来携带干细胞，我有42个小时，因为我的.两个冰袋只能持续制冷42小时。总之，从捐献者捐出干细胞到这些细胞可以植入病人时，最多维持72个小时。所以我总是很在意时间。

去年的一次旅程中，我在美国遇到了飓风。我在罗得岛的普罗维登斯拿着干细胞，打算飞往华盛顿然后再回伦敦。但是当我到达在普罗维登斯的前台时，前台的女士说：“真的很抱歉，我有一些坏消息要告诉你——华盛顿没有航班了。”我把盒子放在桌子上说：“这个盒子里有一些患者急需的干细胞，拜托了，拜托你必须让我回英国。”她推掉了所有事情，安排了一架小型飞机，为我改道经纽瓦克回到了英国，甚至还比原计划提前到达了。

因为这个传递工作，你意识到，你拿着的那个盒子给了拯救他人的生命的无限可能。

【2】

The meaning of silence variesamong cultural groups. Silences may be thoughtful, or they may be empty when a personhas nothing to say. A silence in a conversation may also show stubbornness, or worry.Silence may be viewed by some cultural groups as extremely uncomfortable; thereforeattempts may be made to fill every gap(间隙) with conversation. Persons in other cultural groups value silence andview it as necessary for understanding a person's needs.

Many Native Americans valuesilence and feel it is a basic part of communicating among people, just as sometraditional Chinese and Thai persons do. Therefore, when a person from one of thesecultures is speaking and suddenly stops, what maybe implied(暗示) is that the person wants the listener to consider what has beensaid before continuing. In these cultures, silence is a call for reflection.

Other cultures mayuse silence in other ways, particularly when dealing with conflicts amongpeople or in relationships of people with different amounts of power. For example, Russian, French, and Spanish persons may use silenceto show agreement between parties about the topic under discussion. However,Mexicans may use silence when instructions are given by a person in authorityrather than be rude to that person by arguing with him or her. In still anotheruse, persons in Asian cultures may view silence as a sign of respect,particularly to an elder or a person in authority.

Nurses and othercare-givers need to be aware of the possible meanings of silence when they comeacross the personal anxiety their patients may be experiencing. Nurses shouldrecognize their own personal and cultural construction of silence so that apatient’s silence is not interrupted too early or allowed to go on unnecessarily.A nurse who understands the healing(治愈) value of silence can use this understanding to assist in the careof patients from their own and from other cultures.

32. What does the author say about silencein conversations?

A. It implies anger. B. It promotes friendship.

C. It is culture-specific. D. It iscontent-based.

33. Which of the following people mightregard silence as a call for careful thought?

A. The Chinese. B. The French.

C. The Mexicans. D. The Russians.

34. What does the author advise nurses todo about silence?

A. Let it continue as the patient pleases.

B. Break it while treating patients.

C. Evaluate its harm to patients.

D. Make use of its healing effects.

35. What may be the best title for thetext?

A. Sound and Silence

B. What It Means to Be Silent

C. Silence to Native Americans

D. Speech Is Silver; Silence Is Gold

中文翻译：

沉默在不同文化群体之间意义不同。沉默可能是深思熟虑，或者当一个人无话可说时，可能就是一片空白。沉默在谈话中能表达固执或担心。沉默可能被一些文化群体觉得极其不舒服，因此他们会试图填补对话中的每一个间隙。其他文化群体重视沉默，并认为沉默对于理解一个人的需求很必要。

许多印第安人重视沉默，就像一些传统的中国人和泰国人那样，认为它是人与人之间交流的一个基本部分。因此，当一个这些文化群体中的人在说话时突然停止，也许是在暗示希望听众在继续之前思考一下之前说的话。在这些文化中，沉默是呼吁反思。

其他文化可能将沉默用在其他方面，特别是在处理人之间的冲突或权力不同的人之间的关系时。例如，俄罗斯人、法国人和西班牙人可能会用沉默来表示同意各方之间讨论的主题。然而，墨西哥人在权威的人发出指令时可能会沉默，而不是粗鲁地与之争论。另一个用途是亚洲人可能把沉默作为尊重别人的标志，尤其是对一位长者或权威的人。

当护士和其他看护者遇到可能正在经历焦虑的病人突然沉默时，要注意这可能意味着什么。护士应该认识到他们自己可能沉默的原因并且从文化角度上理解病人沉默的原因，这样病人的沉默不会过早被打断，也不会让病人继续保持不必要的沉默。了解治愈沉默功效的护士可以通过理解自己和其它文化，来帮助照顾病人。

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