考研英语阅读理解2003
① 2003年考研英语的阅读里有这么句话,用法不甚了解,求解
have right to do , have rights doing 一样的意思
rule out 是排除的意思。
② 考研英语2003年text1
outsider status 指局外人身份 whereby 凭借的是 动作的发出者是第三方:情报事务所,上文有提雇员里有从事情报工版作的人权 第五段第二句 整句意思:那个公司的简报听起来不象华盛顿往来公文中的常见套话,情报事务所借此回避那些声明 以免出错。希望能帮到你。我们一起加油共勉
③ 03年考研英语阅读第2篇 a pet`s shot 是什么意思
应该是“宠物的注射针剂”。其中shot 的意思是“疫苗的注射”,而不是一般的意思“射击、开枪”。
④ 2003年考研英语阅读难不难
考研英语是公认的最难科目,俗话说得阅读者得高分可见考研英语阅读的重要性,所以英语阅读还是有一定的难度的
⑤ 阅读理解:观点态度题解析
阅读理解:观点态度题解析
想要学好考研英语怎么能不知道观点态度阅读题的做题方法呢?下面就让我为大家详解一下吧。
考研英语阅读理解观点态度题主要考查的是考生对作者的意图、观点或态度的理解和把握。这种题型要求考生把握作者写作某篇文章的目的,明白作者对文章所论述的观点和中心所持的态度。考研英语试卷对这一部分的考查主要表现为情感态度题。该题型常问作者对某事是什么态度:主观(subjective)还是客观(objective);肯定(positive)还是否定(negative);赞成(approval)还是反对(opposition)等等。
这种题目对考生而言难度较大,迷惑性也较强,因为命题专家是针对整篇文章设问,考生很难找到具体对应的语言点,所以要把握整篇文章。例如作者在谈一件事时是 用反讽的口气,还是赞成的语气,此类题所给的答案选项一般是四个形容词,考生应在审题时就把握好这四个形容词所表达的意思,然后返回文章去寻找信息。特别 提醒考生要牢记所遇到的构成作者态度题选项的每一个形容词。做文章作者态度题时,千万不要把考生自己的态度揉进文章中,同时要注意区分作者本人的态度与作 者引用的观点态度。
理解作者的意图、观点和态度是近几年考试的热点题目,考生在做此类题时要把握这样的判断原则:既纵观全文,掌握主题思想有要注意文章的措辞,把握文章的基调或主旨(tenor),又要分清文章的`话语范围(field)及话语方式(mode)。解题的关键是要看作者在文中用了什么样的口气。若用褒义词,显然是赞成。若用贬义词,显然是反对。若是客观陈述,则是中性的立场,不偏不倚。注意:作者态度常常在转折词后表明出来,因此but一词至关重要(还有类似的yet, however, although, nevertheless等)。
该题型常见的提问形式有:
(1)The tone of the passage can best be described as ____
(2)The tone of the passage would be _____
(3)Which of the following best describes the tone of the passage____
(4)What is the attitude of the author towards____
(5)How does the writer feel about______
(6) The writer is of the opinion that_____
(7)The author seems to be _____
情感和态度在考研中大致可分为三类:happy/ unhappy; security/insecurity; satisfaction
dissatisfaction, 它们作为标记语反映出作者对某个现象采取的姿态,并从情感的角度评价该现象。因此,考生既要依靠文章的中心思想作为前提,又要注意作者的措辞,尤其是作为修饰语的形容词。我们以2003年的阅读Text 4为例具体说明这一点:
Yet there are limits to what a society can spend in this pursuit. As a physician, I know the most costly and dramatic measures may be ineffective and painful. I also know that people inJapanandSweden, countries that spend far less on medical care, have achieved longer, healthier lives than we have. As a nation, we may be overfunding the quest for unlikely cures while underfunding research on humbler therapies that could improve people’s lives.
59. In contras to theU.S.,JapanandSwedenare funding their medical care .
[A] more flexibly
[B] more extravagantly
[C] more cautiously
[D] more reasonably
作者用limits, ineffective, painful这些消极的词语暗示了美国医疗卫生系统的缺憾,通过把握这些词语,我们就能得出D为正确选项。所以我们对语言的理解是有一定差异的,又如尼克松签订1972年公报时,对“一个中国”原则,他手下的修辞专家用了acknowledge 而不用recognize。因为后者是正式的,外交的,打心底里的承认,而前者是一种模糊,对某种既成事实的有限度接受,但在中文里出现的就是我们理解的“承认”。
可见考生在平时的单词理解中要结合不同的语境,不同的文章体裁,综合地认知寓意,才能透彻地理解作者的意图。
另外,判断作者情感态度除了关注作者的措辞,还要可以通过关注作者的举例角度和讲解角度,来判断文章作者的态度倾向:如果作者的一直论述某事物的积极地向上 的方面,其态度基本上是积极乐观的;如果作者举例论证某观点时,给的例子是正面的,那么我们同样可以判断作者的态度是积极乐观的;如果作者的论述有好有 坏,举例有正面有反面,我基本上可以判断作者的态度是客观的。同样,我们通过具体的真题案例进一步解释这一点。
再例1997年第54题:
It was 3:45 in the morning when the vote was finally taken. After six months of arguing and final 16 hours of hot parliamentary debates,Australia’s Northern Territory became the first legal authority in the world to allow doctors to take the lives of incurably ill patients who wish to die. The measure passed by the convincing vote of 15 to 10. Almost immediately word flashed on the Internet and was picked up, half a world away, by John Hofsess, executive director of the Right to Die Society of Canada. He sent it on via the group’s on-line service, Death NET. Says Hofsess: “We posted bulletins all day long, because of course this isn’t just something that happened inAustralia. It’s world history.”
The full import may take a while to sink in. The NT Rights of the Terminally III law has left physicians and citizens alike trying to deal with its moral and practical implications. Some have breathed sighs of relief, others, including churches, right to life groups and the Australian Medical Association, bitterly attacked the bill and the haste of its passage. But the tide is unlikely to turn back. InAustralia-- where an aging population, life extending technology and changing community attitudes have all played their part -- other states are going to consider making a similar law to deal with euthanasia. In theUSandCanada, where the right to die movement is gathering strength, observers are waiting for the dominoes to start falling.
Under the new Northern Territory law, an alt patient can request death -- probably by a deadly injection or pill -- to put an end to suffering. The patient must be diagnosed as terminally ill by two doctors. After a “cooling off” period of seven days, the patient can sign a certificate of request. After 48 hours the wish for death can be met. For Lloyd Nickson, a 54 year old Darwin resident suffering from lung cancer, the NT Rights of Terminally III law means he can get on with living without the haunting fear of his suffering: a terrifying death from his breathing condition. “I’m not afraid of dying from a spiritual point of view, but what I was afraid of was how I’d go, because I’ve watched people die in the hospital fighting for oxygen and clawing at their masks,” he says.
54. The author’s attitude towards euthanasia seems to be that of ________.
[A] opposition
[B] suspicion
[C] approval
[D] indifference
我们通过阅读该文,不难发现文章首段记述了安乐死法案通过以及当时在全球引起的反响,首段作者使用“it is world history”, 来表达他对该事件的态度,认为它意义重大;紧接着在第二段,作者首先讨论世人对此态度不一,但是作者通过转折,指出这个潮流不太可能被逆转了。第三段,作 者用一个肺癌病人为例,该病人认为安乐死法案的通过意味着自己可以平静地度过最后的时光,不用担心临死前要遭受的折磨。很明显这个事例是认识安乐死法案的 通过是一件好事。那么文章就作者的态度命题,答案肯定是approval。
;⑥ 03年考研英语真题和20年相比哪个难
03年。
从总体上来看,2003年考研英语一阅读理解题还是比较难的,在这套试卷中,那些阅读题普遍显得篇幅较长,内容比较难懂,由于文章大多取材于一些科普类说明文,存在较多的常识题,更是给考生带来较大困难,往往需要耗费较多时间思考才能完成答题。
考研英语分为英语一和英语二,考试时长为3小时,英语一的难度大于英语二,所以考生需要安排好做题时间。
⑦ 考研英语一2003年text2的一句翻译
两句话都不妥,第一句话把anyone翻译成“有人”,第二句话应该把“是不是”去掉,应该这样说“许多人都感到困惑,(竟然)任何人都可以随意伤害动物”。
⑧ 03年考研英语阅读第2篇 a pet`s shot 是什么意思
宠物的防疫注射
⑨ 2003年考研英语一阅读text3难吗
2003年考研英语一阅读text3是不难的,比较基础,上课期间认真听讲,全面掌握知识点,努力提高自己的口语交际能力和写作能力后,很容易过关的。
⑩ 考研英语阅读如何找到主旨句
首先,看问句:如果文章以问句开头(并列问句不算),那么问句就是文章议论的中心话题,找到问题的答案就是我们阅读文章的目的,找到答案了,这篇文章的中心主旨就明确了。而问题的答案要么出现在二段,要么出现在尾段,而且问答的答案应该是具有总结性概括性的句子。例如1996年第四篇阅读理解,文章以问句What accounts for the great outburst of major inventions in early America -- breakthroughs such as the telegraph, the steamboat and the weaving machine?开篇,本文讨论的就是美国早期重要发明爆发的原因,而且在文章的二段,作者就给出了问题的答案,即Among the many shaping factors, I would single out the country’s excellent elementary schools; a labor force that welcomed the new technology; the practice of giving premiums to inventors; and above all the American genius for nonverbal, “spatial” thinking about things technological.在接下来的段落里,作者分别论述了每一个原因。这篇文章的整体结构一目了然。
其次,看转折:我们都知道转折后面比转折前面的内容更重要,所以,如果文章开头(首段及二段首)提出某个论点,而后面紧跟着出现了转折内容,那么转折后内容才是文章的主旨。例如2003年第四篇阅读理解首段首句指出It is said that in England death is pressing, in Canada inevitable and in California optional.此句表明,美国的医疗水平很高,死亡在美国是可以选择的,而且从第二句开始就举各种实例力证美国的医疗水平到底有多高,但是在首段尾句,作者话锋一转,又说But not even a great health-care system can cure death -- and our failure to confront that reality now threatens this greatness of ours.而且在二段首句也表明Death is normal;这就表明,这篇文章并不是要去歌颂赞扬美国高超的医疗水平的,而是要告诉我们,无论多么伟大的医疗体系都不能治愈死亡,我们要面对这个现实,死亡是正常的。本文的主旨句是首段尾句的转折句。
再次,看例子,俗语或者名人名言,文章开篇如果就举例子,那么一定是抛砖引玉,例子就是为了引出文章主旨的,同样,如果文章以名言开篇,也是一样。文章主旨句即例子、俗语或名言后面那一句话。例如2008年第三篇阅读理解,首段以NBA球员张伯伦的身高的例子开篇In the early 1960s, Wilt Chamberlain was one of the only three players in the National Basketball Association (NBA) listed at over seven feet. If he had played last season, however, he would have been one of 42…一直到段末结束,都在举例,二段首出现The trend in sports, though, may be obscuring an unrecognized reality: Americans have generally stopped growing.二段首句即首段例子结束后的那一句主旨句,这一句不仅是例子结束后那一句,而且还是一句表让步转折的句子,所以一定是文章主旨句,体育界的这种趋势正在掩盖一个不为人知的事实:即美国人已经停止生长了。
最后,如果文章开头没有问句,转折,例子,俗语和名言,那么文章的主旨句往往就是首段首句,因为西方人的写作方式及思维方式多是开门见山型的,所以一般首段首句就会交代中心论点,后面再举例论证。例如2003年第三篇阅读理解,文章开头部分并没有我们前面所说的问句转折等内容,而是再首段首句直接抛出讨论的话题In recent years, railroads have been combining with each other, merging into supersystems, causing heightened concerns about monopoly.即近些年来,铁路公司的不断合并引起了人们对垄断的普遍担忧。