高考英语阅读理解芬兰

❶ 【急急急】2010北京高考英语完型以及abcd四篇阅读的翻译

第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题l . 5分，共30分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的一、乙、丙、丁四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
我遇见了内德尔在第九年级上stage-design队演出，她是一位董事。几乎立即我爱她。她有一种不愉快的声音和讲话直率，36她是鼓舞和激励。由于某种原因，她留下了深刻印象，我和我的工作。
内德尔太太问我对我的37。她想知道我认为我们应该38点。起初我不知道怎样回答因为我知道39阶段设计！但我慢慢开始回应她的40。它是因果：她认为我有意见，所以我开始41人。她信任我完成的事情，所以我完成他们完美。她喜欢42我，所以我开始出现油漆越来越多。她相信我，所以我开始相信自己。
43年内德尔太太说，“试试。我们可以在这44个！”我开始服用45。我是如此害怕失败，但突然有没有失败——只有46的东西。我蘸到油漆刷和47创建。
害羞，安静的新生获得成功的那一年。我是在48程序
“学生艺术助理”，因为时间和精力，我会在。就在那一年我49我想用我的余生做舞台设计。
在这50stage-design团队内德尔太太彻底改变了我。我不仅是更强大和更比我以为，但我也有51个强烈的兴趣和一个世界我不知道它的存在。她教我不到52的人认为我应该做的：她教我冒险，不是53。内德尔太太是我的安慰当我难过。54我一直激励着我做的事情，我从来没有想象过55。
第三部分：阅读理解（共两节，40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）
戈尔迪的秘密
她出现在门口，我的家在康沃尔。没有办法，我可以让她离开。不，不是我。也许有人把她踢出他们的汽车的前一天晚上。”我们搬家。”；“没有空间再替她与婴儿的到来。”“我们永远不会真的想要她，但我们有什么可以做？她是一个礼物。”人们寻找各种借口遗弃动物。她是一个最美丽的狗我见过。
我把她叫做金嗓子。如果我知道会发生什么事，我一定会
她更有创意的名字。她是如此的不安在那几天。她几乎没吃什么东西，有这样一个阴郁的气氛。有什么我可以让她开心，这似乎。天堂知道发生了什么事，她在她以前的所有者的。但最终在第一周结束时她平静下来。总是在我的身边，不管我们出去长时间散步或坐在火。
这就是为什么它是这样一个冲击时，她离开我的一天，当我们出去散步。我们离家很远，当她开始叫起来，变得非常不安。我终于忍不住她，她不再和跑沿着小路朝远处的一间农舍她尽可能快。
我到了农场，我感到非常疲倦和沮丧与歌。但是当我看到她舔（舔）四只小狗（幼犬）我开始感到同情他们。”我们不知道她出了什么事，说：“妇人在门口。”我带她走了一天，快的小狗出生后，她就消失了。”她一定试图回到他们迷路了，”男孩从她的背后。”
我必须承认我想念歌，但我有硬块，她看起来很像她妈妈。我学到了一个教训：不判断人。

公开信给编辑
我有一个有趣的谈话，记者近日---一个为你工作的人。事实上，他是一个最好的记者。他想离开。
你的记者给了我他的简历（简历）及复印件六的故事，他为你写的。标题显示了他们的骄傲的你。以极大的热情，他谈到了他是怎样发现问题（问题），他们的做法，而写的，它告诉我他是最好的。我确信你会恨失去他。令人惊讶的是，你的记者是不开心的。事实上，他告诉我，他很喜欢他的工作。他有一个伟大的任务（分工），并且说你运行一个大文件。这将是你很容易让他，他说。他知道，值他。他赞赏的责任，你给了他，他的职业的所有权，并享有自己的自由。
那他为什么要寻找出路？
他对我说，因为他希望他的编辑他提出更高的要求。他想推，挑战新高度，教练。
记者认为，好的故事源于好问题，但他的编辑通常要多久将故事时，它会在哪里，它可以发挥，与预算是多少。
他渴望对话编辑器谁将帮助他把他的想法变成伟大的。他希望有人兴奋的他在做什么，以帮助他把他的故事构思颠倒、内外，探索的最佳途径，报告。他想成为更有价值的纸。这是你想要的他，太，不是吗？
所以你的记者让我思考。
我们最好的希望留住我们最好的记者，编辑，摄影师，艺术家——每个人——就是努力确保他们得到他们所需要的帮助，以达到他们的潜力。如果我们做不到，他们会找人。

起搏和暂停
莎拉设法善待她的老朋友史提夫的新妻子，但贝蒂从未似乎有什么要说的。而莎拉觉得贝蒂不耽误她最后的谈话，贝蒂向史提夫抱怨莎拉从不给她一个说话的机会。这一问题已与期望起搏和暂停。
交谈是一轮游戏。当我们的习惯是相似的，是没有问题的。但如果我们习惯的不同，你可以开始谈话之前，我完成了或没有轮到你当我完成。这就是发生在贝蒂和莎拉。
这可能不是巧合，贝蒂，谁料之间相对较长的停顿的转动，是英国，莎拉，预期相对较短的停顿，是美国。贝蒂经常感到打断了莎拉。但贝蒂自己成为一个灭弧室和发现自己做最会说话的，当她遇到了从芬兰来的客人。莎拉有难的时候，一些发言者来自拉丁语在美国和以色列。
一般现象，然后，是小对话技巧，如起搏和停顿，导致人们得出结论，不是谈话风格，但个性和能力。这些习惯的差异往往是依据危险的成见（思维定式）。这些社会现象可以有很大的个人后果。例如，一个女人的美国西南部到居住在东部城市带的工作人员。在人事部门一起聚会，她一直在寻找合适的时间打破——并没有发现它。虽然回到家她是外向，自信，她在华盛顿被认为是害羞的退休。当她被评价在今年年底，她被告知要参加一个培训课程因为她不能说话了。
这就是为什么略有差异，会话风格——小东西喜欢微秒pause-can有很大影响一个人的生活。结果在这种情况下是一个判断的心理问题——甚至在介意自己的女人，谁真的不知道是什么毛病和注册的自信训练。

高等教育成本
个人（个人）应支付他们的高等教育。
大学教育是巨大的和直接的个人利益。毕业生赚的比非。同时，社会流动性越来越依赖于有一个学位。然而，只有一些人有它。所以个人，不是纳税人，应为它付出。有迫切要求对资源（资源）的政府。用纳税人的钱帮助少数人赚取高收入在未来不是其中之一。
政府的全额资金（资助）不是很好的大学。亚当·斯密曾在苏格兰大学的教师生活学费。他知道，看不起，18世纪的牛津，那里的学者生活宽裕的收入从政府获得的。保证工资，斯密认为，被敌人艰苦的工作；而当学者懒惰和无能，学生们同样懒。
如果学生支付他们的教育，他们不仅工作努力，而且还需要更多的从他们的老师。和他们的老师，要让他们满意。如果这意味着教学认真，和更少的时间对他们自己的研究兴趣，这当然是值得庆祝的事情。
很多人认为，高等教育应该免费因为它是良好的经济（经济）。许多毕业生显然有助于国家的财富，但这样做的所有企业，投资（投资）和创造就业机会。如果你认为政府应该支付高等教育毕业生的经济生产力，你也应该相信政府应该缴纳的部分业务费用。任何人都希望创造就业机会应该收到的礼物，资金来自政府投资。因此，它是个人，而不是政府，谁应该支付他们的大学教育。

望采纳，。。

❷ 2021年高考英语全国卷1 - 阅读理解A

Rome can be pricey for travelers, which is why many choose to stay in a hostel. The hostels in Rome offer a bed in a dorm room for around $25 a night, and for that, you’ll often get to stay in a central location with security and comfort.
对于旅行者来说，罗马很贵，这就是许多人选择住旅社的原因。罗马的旅社单人间每晚25美元左右，因此，你通常可以住在安全舒适的市中心。

Yellow Hostel

If I had to make just one recommendation for where to stay in Rome, it would be Yellow Hostel. It’s one of the best-rated hostels in the city, and for good reason. It’s affordable, and it’s got a fun atmosphere without being too noisy. As an added bonus, it’s close to the main train station.
如果一定要让我就罗马的住宿做一个推荐的话，那就是Yellow Hostel。这是本市评级最好的旅社之一，这是有充分理由的。价格实惠，气氛活跃又不太吵闹。另外还有一好处，离火车总站很近。

Hostel Alessandro Palace

If you love social hostels, this is the best hostel for you in Rome. Hostel Alessandro Palace is fun. Staff members hold plenty of bar events for guests like free shots, bar crawls and karaoke. There’s also an area on the rooftop for hanging out with other travelers ring the summer.
如果你喜欢社交型旅社，这就是罗马最好的。Hostel Alessandro Palace
很有意思，工作人员为客人举办很多酒吧活动，比如免费拍照、泡吧和卡拉OK。屋顶上还有一片区域，夏天可以和其他旅行者一起闲逛。

Youth Station Hostel

If you’re looking for cleanliness and a modern hostel, look no further than Youth Station. It offers beautiful furnishings and beds. There are plenty of other benefits, too; it doesn’t charge city tax; it has both air conditioning and a heater for the rooms; it also has free Wi-Fi in every room.
如果你想找一家干净而又现代化的旅社，没有比Youth Station更好的了。它提供漂亮的家具和床，另外：不收城市税；房间里有空调和暖气；每个房间都有免费Wi-Fi。

Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes

Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes is located just a 10-minute walk from the central city station and it’s close to all of the city’s main attractions. The staff is friendly and helpful, providing you with a map of the city when you arrive, and offering advice if you require some. However, you need to pay 2 euros a day for Wi-Fi.
Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes距离市中心车站仅10分钟的步行路程，距离城市所有主要景点都很近。工作人员友好且乐于助人，在您到达时为您提供城市地图，并在您需要时提供建议。不过，使用Wi-Fi需要支付2欧元一天。

❸ 2021年高考英语全国卷2 - 阅读理解D

During an interview for one of my books, my interviewer said something I still think about often. Annoyed by the level of distraction in his open office, he said, “That’s why I have a membership at the coworking space across the street —so I can focus. "His comment struck me as strange. After all, coworking spaces also typically use an open office layout. But I recently came across a study that shows why his approach works.
在为我的一本书接受采访时，采访者说了一些我仍然经常想到的话。因为对开放式办公室分心的程度感到恼火，他说，“这就是为什么我在街对面的共用空间拥有会员资格——这样我就能集中精力。”他的说法让我感到奇怪。毕竟，共用空间通常也使用开放式办公室布局。不过我最近看到了一项研究，才明白他的方案为什么有效。

The researchers examined various levels of noise on participants as they completed tests of creative thinking. They were randomly divided into four groups and exposed to various noise levels in the background, from total silence to 50 decibels,70 decibels, and 85 decibels. The differences between most of the groups were statistically insignificant; however,the participants in the 70 decibels group—those exposed to a level of noise similar to background chatter in a coffee shop-significantly outperformed the other groups. Since the effects were small, this may suggest that our creative thinking does not differ that much in response to total silence and 85 decibels of background noise.
研究人员在参与者完成创造性思维测试时，检查了他们身上不同程度的噪音。他们被随机分为四组，暴露在不同的背景噪音水平下，从完全安静到50分贝、70分贝和85分贝。大多组之间的差异没有统计学意义；然而，在70分贝组中，那些暴露在类似于咖啡馆背景聊天的噪音水平下的参与者明显优于其他组。由于影响很小，这可能表明我们的创造性思维对完全安静和85分贝的背景噪音的反应没有太大差异。

But since the results at 70 decibels were significant, the study also suggests that the right level of background noise—not too loud and not total silence—may actually improve one’s creative thinking ability. The right level of background noise may interrupt our normal patterns of thinking just enough to allow our imaginations to wander, without making it impossible to focus. This kind of "distracted focus" appears to be the best state for working on creative tasks.
但由于70分贝的结果显著，这项研究还表明，适当的背景噪音水平——不要太大，也不要完全安静——实际上可能会提高一个人的创造性思维能力。适当的背景噪音可能会干扰我们正常的思维模式，足以让我们的想象力四处发散，而不会让我们无法集中注意力。这种“注意力分散”似乎是从事创造性任务的最佳状态。

So why do so many of us hate our open offices? The problem may be that, in our offices, we can't stop ourselves from getting drawn into others’ conversations while we’re trying to focus. Indeed, the researchers found that face-to-face interactions and conversations affect the creative process, and yet a coworking space or a coffee shop provides a certain level of noise while also providing freedom from interruptions.
那么，为什么我们中有这么多人讨厌开放式办公室呢？问题可能是，在我们的办公室里，当我们努力集中注意力时，我们无法阻止自己被其他人的谈话所吸引。事实上，研究人员发现，面对面的互动和对话会影响创作过程，而一个共用空间或咖啡馆在提供一定程度的噪音的同时，也提供了免受干扰的自由。

❹ 2022年高考英语全国乙卷 - 阅读理解A

Henry Raeburn（1756-1823）
亨利·雷伯恩（1756-1823）

The Exhibition
展览

This exhibition of some sixty masterpieces celebrating the life and work of Scotland's best loved painter, Sir Henry Raeburn, comes to London. Selected from collections throughout the world, it is the first major exhibition of his work to be held in over forty years.
这场展览将在伦敦举行，展出苏格兰最受欢迎的画家亨利·雷伯恩爵士的60多幅杰作，以纪念他的一生和作品。展品选自世界各地，是他四十多年来首次举办的大型作品展。

Lecture Series
系列讲座

Scottish National Portrait Gallery presents a series of lectures for the general public. They are held in the Lecture Room. Admission to lectures is free.
苏格兰国家肖像画廊为公众举办了一系列讲座。演讲厅举行，免费入场。

An Introction to Raeburn
雷伯恩简介

Sunday 26 Oct., 15.00
10月26日（周日）15:00

DUNCAN THOMSON
邓肯·汤姆森

Raeburn's English Contemporaries
雷伯恩的英国同时代人

Thursday 30 Oct., 13.10
10月30日（周四）13:10

JUDY EGERTON
朱迪·埃格顿

Characters and Characterisation in Raeburn's Portraits
雷伯恩肖像画中的人物与人物塑造

Thursday 6 Nov., 13.10
11月6日（周四）13:10

NICHOLAS PHILLIPSON
尼古拉斯·菲利普森

Raeburn and Artist's Training in the 18th Century
18世纪的雷伯恩与艺术家们的训练

Thursday 13 Nov., 13.10
11月13日（周四）13:10

MARTIN POSTLE
马丁·波斯特尔

Exhibition Times
展出时间

Monday - Saturday 10.00 - 17.45 Sunday 12.00- 17.45
周一至周六 10:00-17:45 周日12:00-17:45

Last admission to the exhibition: 17.15. There is no re-admission.
展览最后入场时间：17:15。不能再次入场。

Closed: 24 - 26 December and 1 January.
关闭日期：12月24日至26日和1月1日。

Admission
门票

£4. Children under 12 years accompanied by an alt are admitted free.
£4。12岁以下儿童在成人陪同下免费入场。

Schools and Colleges
学校和学院

A special low entrance charge of £2 per person is available to all in full-time ecation, up to and including those at first degree level, in organised groups with teachers.
全日制教育的所有学生，包括那些参加有老师组织的第一学位课程的学生，都只需购买每人2英镑的特惠门票。

❺ 2021年高考英语全国卷 - 阅读理解C

When the explorers first set foot upon the continent of North America, the skies and lands were alive with an astonishing variety of wildlife. Native Americans had taken care of these precious natural resources wisely. Unfortunately, it took the explorers and the settlers who followed only a few decades to decimate a large part of these resources. Millions of waterfowl were killed at the hands of market hunters and a handful of overly ambitious sportsmen. Millions of acres of wetlands were dried to feed and house the ever-increasing populations, greatly recing waterfowl habitat.
当探险家们第一次踏上北美洲大陆时，天空和大地上到处都是各种各样的野生动物，美洲土著人智慧地保护了这些宝贵的自然资源。然而仅仅几十年，探险家和定居者们就夺走了这些资源中的大部分。数百万只水鸟在市场猎人和一些野心勃勃的运动员手中被杀。上百万英亩，用于喂养和容纳不断增加的水禽种群的湿地干涸，水禽栖息地大大减少。

In 1934, with the passage of the Migratory Bird Hunting Stamp Act (Act), an increasingly concerned nation took firm action to stop the destruction of migratory waterfowl and the wetlands so vital to their survival. Under this Act, all waterfowl hunters 16 years of age and over must annually purchase and carry a Federal Duck Stamp. The very first Federal Duck Stamp was designed by J.N. “Ding” Darling, a political cartoonist from Des Moines, Iowa, who at that time was appointed by President Franklin Roosevelt as Director of the Bureau of Biological Survey. Hunters willingly pay the stamp price to ensure the survival of our natural resources.
1934年，随着《候鸟狩猎邮票法案》的通过，越来越受到关注的国家采取了坚定的行动，制止对候鸟水禽以及对它们的生存至关重要的湿地的破坏。根据该法案，所有16岁及以上的水禽猎手每年都必须购买并携带联邦鸭票。第一张联邦鸭票是由J.N.“丁”达林设计的，他是爱荷华州得梅因的一位政治漫画家，当时被富兰克林·罗斯福总统任命为生物调查局局长。猎人愿意购买鸭票，可以确保我们自然资源的生存。

About 98 percent of every ck stamp dollar goes directly into the Migratory Bird Conservation Fund to purchase wetlands and wildlife habitat for inclusion into the National Wildlife Refuge System — a fact that ensures this land will be protected and available for all generations to come. Since 1934, better than half a billion dollars has gone into that Fund to purchase more than 5 million acres of habitat. Little wonder the Federal Duck Stamp Program has been called one of the most successful conservation programs ever initiated.
每一张鸭票的98%直接进入候鸟保护基金，用于购买湿地和野生动物栖息地，纳入国家野生动物保护区系统——确保这片土地得到保护，提供给子孙后代。自1934年以来，已有超过5亿美元的资金投入该基金，用于购买超过500万英亩的栖息地。难怪联邦鸭票计划被称为有史以来最成功的保护计划之一。

❻ 2020年高考英语全国卷2 - 阅读理解C

When you were trying to figure out what to buy for the environmentalist on your holiday list, fur probably didn’t cross your mind. But some ecologists and fashion enthusiast are trying to bring back the market for fur made from nutria.
当你想给环保人士的假日购物清单增加些什么时，你可能不会想到皮毛。但是一些生态学家和时尚发烧友们正试图恢复海狸鼠皮毛的市场。

Unusual fashion shows in New Orleans and Brooklyn have showcased nutria fur made into clothes in different styles. “It sounds crazy to talk about guilt-free fur – unless you understand that the nutria are destroying vast wetlands every year,” says Cree McCree, project director of Righteous Fur.
新奥尔良和布鲁克林的不同寻常时装秀展示了海狸鼠皮毛制成的不同风格的服装。“谈论没有罪恶感的皮毛听起来很疯狂——除非你知道海狸鼠每年都在破坏大片湿地，”Righteous Fur（正义皮毛）项目总监克里·麦克里说。

Scientists in Louisiana were so concerned that they decided to pay hunters $5 a tail. Some of the fur ends up in the fashion shows like the one in Brooklyn last month.
路易斯安那州的科学家非常担心，他们决定付给猎人每尾5美元。一些皮毛最终出现在时装秀上，比如上个月布鲁克林的时装秀。

Nutria were brought there from Argentina by fur farmers and let go into the wild. “The ecosystem down there can’t handle this non-native species. It’s destroying the environment. It’s them or us,” says Michael Massimi, an expert in this field.
海狸鼠是皮毛农场主从阿根廷带到这里并放生的。“那里的生态系统无法应对这种非本土物种，它正在破坏环境”，这一领域的专家迈克尔·马西米说。

The fur trade kept nutria in check for decades, but when the market for nutria collapsed in the late 1980s, the cat-sized animals multiplied like crazy.
几十年来，皮毛贸易一直控制着海狸鼠数量，但是20世纪80年代末海狸鼠市场崩溃后，这些猫一样大小的动物疯狂繁殖。

Biologist Edmond Mouton runs the nutria control program for Louisiana. He says it’s not easy to convince people that people that nutria fur is green, but he has no doubt about it. Hunters bring in more than 300,000 nutria tails a year, so part of Mouton’s job these days is trying to promote fur.
生物学家埃德蒙·莫顿负责路易斯安那州的海狸鼠控制。他说要让人们相信海狸鼠皮是绿色的并不容易，但他对此毫无疑问。猎人们每年带来超过30万条海狸鼠尾巴，所以莫顿现在的部分工作就是推广皮毛。

Then there’s Righteous Fur and its unusual fashions. Model Paige Morgan says,“To give people a guilt-free option that they can wear without someone throwing paint on them – I think that’s going to be a massive thing, at least here in New York.” Designer Jennifer Anderson admits it took her a while to come around to the opinion that using nutria fur for her creations is morally acceptable. She’s trying to come up with a label to attach to nutria fashions to show it is eco-friendly.
还有Righteous Fur和它不同寻常的时尚。模特佩奇·摩根说，“给人们一个没有罪恶感的选择，让他们可以穿着，而不用被人往身上泼油漆——我认为这将是一件大事，至少在纽约是这样。”设计师詹妮弗·安德森承认，她花了一段时间才意识到，用海狸鼠皮制作作品在道德上是可以接受的。她正尝试给海狸鼠时尚贴上环保标签。

❼ 2021年高考英语全国卷2 - 阅读理解B

When almost everyone has a mobile phone, why are more than half of Australian homes still paying for a landline?
几乎每个人都有手机，那为什么超过一半的澳大利亚家庭仍在为座机付费？

These days you'd be hard pressed to find anyone in Australia over the age of 15 who doesn’t own a mobile phone. In fact plenty of younger kids have one in their pocket. Practically everyone can make and receive calls anywhere, anytime.
如今，在澳大利亚很难15岁以上的人几乎个个有手机。实际上，很多小孩子口袋里都有。几乎每个人都可以随时随地拨打和接听电话。

Still, 55 percent of Australians have a landline phone at home and only just over a quarter (29%) rely only on their smartphones, according to a survey. Of those Australians who still have a landline, a third concede that it's not really necessary and they're keeping it as a security blanket - 19 percent say they never use it while a further 13 percent keep it in case of emergencies. I think my home falls into that category.
然而，根据一项调查，55%的澳大利亚人家里有座机，只有略高于四分之一（29%）的人只依赖智能手机。在那些仍有座机的澳大利亚人中，三分之一的人认为不是真的需要座机，只是把它当作一条安全毯——19%的人说他们从来不用，另有13%的人保留它是为了应付紧急情况。我认为我的家庭属于这一类。

More than half of Australian homes are still choosing to stick with their home phone. Age is naturally a factor - only 58 percent of Generation Ys still use landlines now and then, compared to 84 percent of Baby Boomers who've perhaps had the same home number for 50 years. Age isn't the only factor; I'd say it's also to do with the makeup of your household.
超过一半的澳大利亚家庭仍然选择使用座机。年龄自然是一个因素——Y一代中只有58%仍然偶尔使用座机，而婴儿潮一代中有84%的人可能50年来一直拥有相同的家庭号码。年龄不是唯一的因素；我想这也和你的家庭构成有关。

Generation Xers with young families, like my wife and I, can still find it convenient to have a home phone rather than providing a mobile phone for every family member. That said, to be honest the only people who ever ring our home phone are our Baby Boomers parents, to the point where we play a game and guess who is calling before we pick up the phone (using Caller ID would take the fun out of it).
这样拥有年轻家庭的X一代，比如我和我的妻子还是认为拥有一部座机比为每个家庭成员提供一部手机更方便。说实话，只有婴儿潮一代的父母会打我们的座机，在我们拿起电话之前，我们会玩一个游戏，猜猜谁在打电话（来电显示会让我们失去乐趣）。

How attached are you to your landline? How long until they go the way of gas street lamps and morning milk deliveries?
你有多喜欢你的座机？它们还要多久才能走上煤气路灯和早上送牛奶的老路？

❽ 2021年高考英语全国卷2 - 阅读理解A

The Biggest Stadiums in the World
世界上最大的体育场

People have been pouring into stadiums since the days of ancient Greece. In around 8 A.Q., the Romans built the Colosseum, which remains the world's best known stadium are continues to inform contemporary design. Rome’s Colosseum was 157 feet tall and had 80 entrances, seating 50,000 people. However, that was small fry compared with the city’s Circus Maximus, which accommodated around 250,000 people.
从古希腊时代起，人们就开始涌入体育场。大约公元前8世纪，罗马人建造了罗马竞技场，它仍然是世界上最著名的体育场，并继续为当代设计提供参考。罗马斗兽场高157英尺，有80个入口，可容纳5万人。然而，与该市容纳约25万人的马克西姆斯马戏团相比，这只是小菜一碟。

These days, safety regulations-not to mention the modern sports fan’s desire for a good view and a comfortable seat-tend to keep stadium capacities slightly lower. Even soccer fans tend to have a seat each; gone are the days of thousands standing to watch the match.
如今，安全法规（更不用说现代体育迷对良好视野和舒适座位的渴望）往往要求体育场容量小一些。就连足球迷也倾向于每人都有一个座位；数千人站着观看比赛的日子一去不复返了。

For the biggest stadiums in the world, we have used data supplied by the World Atlas list so far, which ranks them by their stated permanent capacity, as well as updated information from official stadium websites.
对于世界上最大的体育场，我们使用了迄今为止由World Atlas提供的数据，以下是根据其规定的永久容量的排名以及来自官方体育场网站的最新信息。

All these stadiums are still functional, still open and still hosting the biggest events in world sport.
所有这些体育场都仍在运行、开放，举办世界最大的体育赛事。

❾ 2010年高考英语北京卷 - 阅读理解C - Pacing and Pausing（节奏和停顿）

Sara tried to befriend her old friend Steve’s new wife, but Betty never seemed to have anything to say. While Sara felt Betty didn’t hold up her end of the conversation, Betty complained to Steve that Sara never gave her a chance to talk. The problem had to do with expectations about pacing and pausing.
萨拉想和她的老朋友史蒂夫的新婚妻子贝蒂交朋友，但贝蒂似乎没什么表示。萨拉觉得贝蒂没有打断她的谈话时，贝蒂向史蒂夫抱怨说萨拉从来没有给过她说话的机会。这个问题与人们对节奏和停顿的期望有关。

Conversation is a turn-taking game. When our habits are similar, there’s no problem. But if our habits are different, you may start to talk before I’m finished or fail to take your turn when I’m finished. That’s what was happening with Betty and Sara.
谈话是一种轮流进行的游戏。当我们的习惯相似时，没有问题。但是如果我们的习惯不同，你可能在我说完之前就开始说，或者在我说完的时候你没有接上。贝蒂和莎拉就是这样。

It may not be coincidental that Betty, who expected relatively longer pauses between turns, is British, and Sara, who expected relatively shorter pauses, is American. Betty often felt interrupted by Sara. But Betty herself became an interrupter and found herself doing most of the talking when she met a visitor from Finland. And Sara had a hard time cutting in on some speakers from Latin America or Israel.
这可能不是巧合，贝蒂是英国人，她期望在转换之间停顿长一点，而萨拉是美国人，她期望停顿短一点。贝蒂常常感到被萨拉打断，但是当她遇到来自芬兰的客人时，她自己成了打断别人的人，总是自己在说。萨拉在遇到来自拉美或以色列的发言者讲话时也很难插嘴。

The general phenomenon, then, is that the small conversation techniques, like pacing and pausing, lead people to draw conclusions not about conversational style but about personality and abilities. These habitual differences are often the basis for dangerous stereotyping. And these social phenomena can have very personal consequences. For example, a woman from the southwestern part of the US went to live in an eastern city to take up a job in personnel. When the Personnel Department got together for meetings, she kept searching for the right time to break in--and never found it. Although back home she was considered outgoing and confident, in Washington she was viewed as shy and retiring. When she was evaluated at the end of the year, she was told to take a training course because of her inability to speak up.
通常就是这样，像节奏和停顿这样的谈话小技巧会让人们得出关于个性和能力的结论，而不是关于谈话风格。这些习惯性差异往往是危险的思维定式的基础，这些社会现象会产生非常私人的后果。例如，一位来自美国西南部的妇女到东部城市居住，从事人事工作。当人事部开会时，她会一直在寻找合适的时间插话——但始终没有找到。虽然在家乡她被认为是外向和自信，但在华盛顿她则被认为是害羞，不善与人交往。年底对她考评时，被告知要参加培训，因为她不会说话。

That’s why slight differences in conversational style --- tiny little things like microseconds of pause --- can have a great effect on one’s life. The result in this case was a judgment of psychological problems --- even in the mind of the woman herself, who really wondered what was wrong with her and registered for assertiveness training.
这就是为什么谈话风格上的细微差别——像几微秒停顿这样的小事——会对一个人的生活产生巨大影响。案例的结果是对心理问题的判断——甚至在这位女士自己的头脑中，她真的很想知道她到底有什么问题，而去报名参加自信心培训。

❿ 1999年高考英语全国卷 - 阅读理解E

When a group of children politely stop a conversation with you, saying:“We have to go to work now,” you're left feeling surprised and certainly uneasy. After all, this is the 1990s and the idea of children working is just unthinkable. That is, until you are told that they are all pupils of stage schools and that the work“they go off” is to go on the stage in a theater.
当一群孩子礼貌地停止与你的对话，说：“我们现在得去上班了，”你会感到惊讶，当然也会感到不安。毕竟，现吵昌在是20世纪90年代，孩子们工作的想法是不可想象的，直到他们告诉你他们都是舞台学校的学生，“他们要去做”的工作就是在剧院的舞台上表演。

Stage schools often act as agencies to supply children for stage and television work. More worthy of the name “stage school” are those few places where children attend full time, with training for the theatre and a general ecation.
舞台学校经常充当中介机构为孩子们提供舞台和电视工作。更应该称之为“舞台学校”的是少数几个为孩子们提供全日制学习的地方，包括戏剧培训和常规教育。

A visit to such schools will leave you in no doubt that the children enjoy themselves. After all, what lively children wouldn't settle for spending only half the day doing ordinary school work, and acting, singing or dancing their way through the other half of the day?
毫无疑问，参观这样的学校，你会发现孩子们很开心。毕竟，活泼的孩子怎么会满足于只花半天时间做普通学校的作业，另半天时间表演、唱歌或跳舞呢？

Then of course there is time for the children to make a name and make a little money in some big shows. Some stage schools give their children too much professional work at such a young age. But the law is very tight on the amount they can do. Those under 13 are limited to 40 days in the year and those over 13 to 80 days.
当然，孩子们还有机会在一些大型演出中露脸并赚点小钱。一些舞台学校在孩子很小的时候就给他们提供了非常多的专业工作，但法律严格限制可以做的工作数量。13岁升锋扒以下的孩子一年基缺只能做40天，而13以上的孩子一年可以做80天。

The schools themselves admit that not all children will be successful in the profession for which they are being trained. So what happens to those who don't make it? While all the leading schools say they place great importance on children getting good study results, the facts seem to suggest this is not always the case.
学校承认，并不是所有的孩子都能在他们正在接受的职业中取得成功。那么，那些没有成功的孩子会怎样呢？虽然所有主要的学校都说他们非常重视孩子取得好的学习成绩，但事实似乎表明，情况并非总是如此。