四年级英语阅读新视野上册翻译
实现可持续性发展的环保主义
在上流社会,对环境的敏感就如同信仰民主、反对整容一样,是一种不可或缺的态度。然而,既然从泰德·特纳到乔治·W.H.布什,每个人都声称自己热爱地球母亲,那么,在由议员、选民之类的人以环境名义而提出的众多的相互矛盾的提案、规章和法规中,我们又该如何做出选择呢?显而易见,并不是每一项冠以环境保护名义的事情都值得去做。我们怎样才能分离出最佳选择,并且把我们各自不同的兴趣统一在同一个合理的政策当中呢?
有一种简便的方法。首先要区分什么是环境奢侈品,什么是环境必需品。奢侈品是指那些无
需人类付出代价就能拥有的给人美好感受的东西。必需品则是指那些无论付出什么代价,都一定要去拥有的东西。这一区分原则可以被称为理性环保主义的至高原则。它规定,对那些直接威胁人类健康与安全的生态变化采取应对措施是环境保护的必需品,而其他则都属于奢侈品。
例如,保护大气层——阻止臭氧损耗及控制温室效应——是环境保护的必需品。近来,科学家报告说臭氧层遭受破坏的程度远比我们先前认为的要严重得多。臭氧损耗不仅与皮肤癌及眼疾有关,而且它还会破坏海洋生态。而海洋生态是食物链的起点,人类则位于该食物链的顶端。
温室效应所可能引发的热效应是非常具有毁灭性的:冰川融化、海岸线被淹没、气候遭受破坏、平原干涸,最终食物消失殆尽。美国中西部地区的粮食供养着全世界。随着全球气候的变化,我们难道准备看到衣阿华州变成新墨西哥州的沙漠气候,而西伯利亚变成衣阿华州的温和气候吗?
臭氧损耗和温室效应是人类的灾难,而且是需要紧急处理的灾难,因为它们直接威胁到人类,且后果很难扭转。理性环保主义——唯一能够引起公众共鸣的环保主张——首先公开声明,自然是服务于人类的。理性环保主义是一种完全以人类为中心的思想。它号召人类保护自然,但是是在人类自我生存得到保证的前提之下。
当然,这种以人类为中心的主张与当下盛行的环保主义是格格不入的,后者已经沉溺于对地
球的公然崇拜。有的人甚至声称地球是一个活的生物体。这种环保主义喜欢把自己看作是神圣的,其实它只是感情用事而已。比如,在自然是否友善的问题上,当下的环保主义采取了高度选择性的片面的观点,而这种观点与自然造成的灾难这一现实是不相协调的。当龙卷风肆虐堪萨斯州,当瓢泼大雨袭击孟加拉国,毁灭了整座整座的村庄,使几百万人失去家园的时候,我对自然的崇拜便停止了。
非感情用事的环保主义是建立在普罗泰哥拉的格言“人是万物的尺度”的基础上的。在建立人类权威的过程中,这条原则会帮助我们梳理各种错综复杂的关于环境保护的争议。就以当前关于是否在北极国家野生动物保护区的某一角落开采石油的激烈争论为例吧。环保主义者联盟动员人们反对目前正在试图通过美国国会审议、使这一开采行为变得合法化的一项立法行动。他们散布说美国应该保护并且节约能源而不是开采能源。这其实是一个错误的非此即彼的主张。美国确实需要征收高额的能源税以减少能源消耗,但同时也需要生产更多的能源。政府的估测表明,在北极国家野生动物保护区的地下蕴藏着美国五大油田之一的可能性几乎到达50%。我们没有寻找安全的方法开采北极国家野生动物保护区地下的石油,这看上去是不符合情理的。
美国刚刚经历了一场战争,其部分原因就是为了获取石油。对能源的依赖使美国不但付出了金钱的代价,而且也付出了生命的代价。就因为可能破坏北美驯鹿的繁衍地而放弃能够以和平手段获得的石油,这是一种十分怪异的感情用事。
我像别人一样喜欢驯鹿。如果他们的交配模式受到干扰,我会感到非常遗憾。但是,鱼和熊掌不能兼得。是要保护驯鹿,还是要为了避免人们在战争中丧生而减少对石油的依赖,面对这一僵局,我每次都会选择人类而不是驯鹿。
我对俄勒冈州的斑点猫头鹰的态度也是一样。我绝不是仇视猫头鹰。如果花很少的代价就可以保护猫头鹰,我会赞同它应受保护——毕竟,生物多样性对生态系统是非常必要的。但是,我们必须记住,保持生物多样性并不意味着要留住每一种物种。有时候,为了更加根本的利益,我们不得不牺牲一部分生活中美的东西。如果为了保护斑点猫头鹰而让三万伐木工家庭失去生计,我会选择伐木工家庭(包括他们的锯子和砍伐的木材),而不是猫头鹰。
重要的是,我们要区分哪些东西对环境保护是根本性的,哪些是非根本性的。自然受我们的监护,而不是我们的主人。我们应该尊重自然,也可以开发利用自然。但是,如果人类必须在自身的福利和自然的福利之间作出选择,自然则必须作出让步。
只有当人类的命运与自然的命运密不可分时,人类才应该作出让步。当人类栖息地的完整性(比如大气层或维持地球核心的基本地质状况)受到威胁时,人类就必须立即调整自己的行为。而当人类受到的威胁不大,不太需要对自己的行为进行调整时,恰当的做法是平衡考虑经济方面和与之相对的健康方面的因素,以便作出适度的调整。但是,无论是哪种情况,其遵循的原则是一致的:保护环境,因为这是我们人类的环境
感情用事的环保主义者会说这种拯救自然的思路是完全错误的。的确是这样。理性、明确的环保主义保护环境是为了人类自身,而不是为了自然。
有一次,在加州蒙特雷半岛上用餐时,我母亲私下悄悄地对我说:“嫂嫂想做个彬彬有礼的
客人,但是装得太厉害了!何必费劲讲究形式上的客套呢?到最后她还是什么都要。
我母亲行事像个“外侨”,即一个移民国外的侨民,因为她已经不耐烦老一套的禁忌和礼数了。为了证明她刚才的观点,她手伸过桌子,把蒜香海鲜拼盘里的最后一个扇贝,连同牛腩排及黄瓜沙拉一起,递给我从北京来的年长舅妈。
“拿去吧!拿去吧!”我母亲用中文责备道。预料到她就会这样,就像月亮盈亏周期似的。
“饱了,我已经饱了,”嫂嫂低声嘀咕着,眼睛却瞟着扇贝。
哎!”我母亲感叹着说,“没人愿意吃,只能让它坏掉了!”
嫂嫂叹了口气,从碟子上拿去了那个扇贝,就好像是帮了我母亲一个大忙,并省去了我们用箔纸将剩菜打包的麻烦似的。
我母亲转头看着她兄长——一位经验丰富的中国地方法官,这是他初次来看我们。她说:“在美国,一个中国人可能会饿死。要是你不打破老一套的礼数说你要吃,他们就不会再问你了。”
我舅舅点点头,说他完全理解:美国人待人接物快速迅捷,因为他们没有时间客气来客气去。
我在《纽约时报杂志》上读到过一篇文章,描述的是纽约市内的中国城这一小块文化聚居地的变迁。作者在文章中提到,中国语言与文化错综交织,使中文十分委婉和客套。中国人是
如此“谨慎和谦虚”,文章开头写道,以至于他们都没有词语来表达“是”和“不是”。
我思索着,为什么人们会不断地编造这样的谣言呢?他们把我们描述得就像是唐人街旅游品商店里出售的一批小布娃娃。那些布娃娃的头不停地上下晃动,似乎对一切都心满意足,完全赞同。
生于移民家庭的孩子都清楚,有一种特殊的两难境地与说两种语言的生活联系在一起。比如我父母,他们和我说话时中文和英文都用,但我和他们说话时只用英文。
“艾米啊!”他们会这样责备我。
“怎么啦?”我会回问道。
“我们叫你时,不要对我们反问,”他们会用中文训斥道“这是不礼貌的!”
16 "What do you mean?"
“你们什么意思?
“哎!我们不是刚刚说过,叫你不要反问吗?”
仔细想想自己的成长过程,我发现,我从小到大所接触到的中文并不是什么特别谨慎的语言,也不存在出于客气而对所说的话进行仔细检查的现象。我父母向我提一连串的要求时,总是把一切都表述得清清楚楚:“你当然会成为著名的航空工程师,”他们会鼓励我说,“对了,你业余时间还要做音乐会的钢琴师。”
似乎更加强硬的事情总是通过中文倾泻出来:“不能那样!你淘米的时候,必须一粒都不漏。”
由于一直同时听着中英文两种语言,故而我对它们之间的任何对比总是心存怀疑,因为我注意到它们各自都有对方所没有的难点。说英文的人会认为中文极其难,因为中文用非常微妙的声调变化就可以表示不同的词语。而英文则常常被认为缺乏一致性,因为英文具有太多不合规则的用法。
在我看来,更危险的做法是,人们往往倾向于通过翻译来理解不同语言和行为之间的差异。如果一个旁观的外人听我母亲说英语,可能会得出结论,说她对过去和将来这样的时间区别没有概念,或者认为她对人的性别不加区分,因为她提到我丈夫时总是说“她”。如果一个人对此类现象不假思虑,他也许还会概括说,所有中国人都是通过委婉迂回的方式才能说到话题重点的。而实际上喜欢修饰和绕弯子只是我母亲个人的说话风格。
我担心主流社会可能会从一个狭隘的角度、以一种成见看待中国人。我担心这种看似无害的成见实际会导致人们对中国人难以容忍,并成为中国人在高层管理职位或主要的司法及政府部门寥寥无几的部分原因。我担心语言的力量,即如果一个人将一件事说了很多遍,无论其是否有恶意,这件事都会变成事实。
这会不会就是我父母辈的中国朋友愿意接受那些对中国人的简单概括的原因呢?
“你为什么要抱怨呢?”他们中有人问我。“如果人们认为我们谦虚礼让,就让他们那样想好了。难道美国人不喜欢这种赞誉性的话吗?”
我当然相信每个人在一开始都会把这种描述的话当成称赞。但过了一段时间,这种话就会让人恼怒,就好像所听到的只是些经过细微的社交区别过滤后的言辞,诸如“很高兴认识你,我听到许多人都夸奖你”之类的话。
这些话不能表达什么新观点,也不能传达什么carefully.
“那么中文究竟怎么表达‘是’和‘不是’呢?”我的朋友也许会小心翼翼地问。
在这一点上,我的确在某种程度上同意《纽约时报杂志》的那篇文章。在中文里,没有哪一个字专门用于表达“是”或“不是”,但这并非是因为需要保持谨慎。若的确有什么不同的话,那我会说中文里对应的“是”或“不是”的表达通常是针对所问的具体内容而定的。
如果你问一个中国人是否吃饭了,他(或她)会说“吃了”(已经吃过)或“没有”(没有吃过)。
你若问:“你停止打老婆了吗?”他会直接就所断定或所否认的假设进行回答:已经停止了,还没有,从来不打,没有老婆。
还有什么能比这更明了的呢?
当我还是个小男孩时,我住在弗吉尼亚州一个偏远的地区,那时我所认识的男人们从清晨的第一声公鸡啼鸣一直劳作到日落。他们都是些不起眼的农民、牧羊人,勉强度日,或是焊接工、钢铁工或木匠;他们制作橱柜、挖掘沟渠、开采煤炭,或驾驶卡车,这使他们拥有肌肉结实的上臂。他们训练马匹、填塞炉膛、制造轮胎,站在装配线上将零件焊接到冰箱,或是给汽车发动机上润滑剂。到了傍晚或周末,他们也要同样辛苦地劳作,在自己的一小片土地上耕作,修理出了问题的汽车,修复坏掉的百叶窗和漏风的窗户。在仅剩的闲暇时间里,他们会在当地的啤酒作坊或赛马场附近的酒馆里用盛在廉价铜杯中的啤酒将自己灌得烂醉。
我所认识的那些男人的身躯遭受着种种看得见或看不见的扭曲和伤痛。搬运沉重的物品给他们很多人造成了脊柱病和可怕的伤痛。有些人断了肋骨,掉了手指。在传输带上不停地工作使他们有些人患了溃疡。他们的脚踝和膝盖由于经年累月站立在水泥地上疼痛不已。有些人由于焊接火光损伤视觉感官而遭受部分视觉缺失的折磨。有些时候,打量着他们,我会害怕长大。在我们周围的人中,父亲们看上去总是比母亲们要老。男人衰老得更早,长期遭受着因持续劳作带来的病痛。只有女人才活到年老。
还有士兵也是男人的工作。据我所知,他们几乎不工作,但当战争一打响,他们很多人都会出于爱国热情而战死在疆场或异域前哨的堡垒前。这就是士兵的作用——他们就像工具,如同扳钳、锤子或螺丝一样。
这些并非男人们唯一的归宿,我从曾经有过的几位男教师、从看书及看电视中认识到了这一点。但是,那些上电视的男人们——新闻评论员、律师、医生、课征税款的政治家及发号施令的老板们——在我看来就像古老绘画上的人像,遥远而不真实。我不能想象自己长大会变成这些精明世故的人中的一员,就像我无法想象自己能变成一个权力至高无上的国君一样。
一份奖学金使我得以上大学,这可是我社交圈子里极其难得的荣耀。不仅如此,它还让我能够穿行于为富人家的孩子打造的史上著名的大学殿堂里。就在这里,我生平头一次碰到女人告诉我说男人是有罪的,因为他们把地球上所有的欢乐和特权都据为己有。我被弄糊涂了,要求她们予以解释。什么特权?什么欢乐?我想到家乡大多数男人那种艰难严酷、伤痛累累的生活。人们所说的他们从妻子和女儿那里偷走的东西又能是些什么呢?难道是每周五天、每年十二个月,如此三四十年里挤缩在纺织厂狭小的空间里,或是在煤矿下挣扎着从岩石般坚硬的泥土中挖出最后一点煤的劳作的权力?战死疆场的权利?修缮屋顶上每条裂缝和围栏上每个断栏的权利?为一个遥远的城市某个富裕财团垒积钱钞的权利?在遭遇解雇或煤矿倒闭时感到既害怕又羞耻的权利?
在这样一个满是富人的陌生世界里,我在理解女人们深深的怨怒方面很是迟钝。这是因为,当我还是一个小男孩时,我就嫉妒过她们。在上大学之前,我所认识的唯一对艺术、音乐或文学有兴趣的人,唯一看上去能够享受一丝自在的一群人就是那些做母亲和女儿的人。而且,她们也不必去参加战争。与父亲们所遭受的狭隘的、封闭的日子相比,母亲们所承担的相对较轻的工作显得更加宽泛一些。她们剪用购物券,探访邻居,在学校或教堂跑跑腿。我仿佛是透过望远镜看到她们的生活,满是闪烁的星星和一缕缕光线,而漏掉了她们生活岁月的真实细节。毋庸置疑,如果我用更具理性的方式审视她们的生活,我就不会那么嫉妒她们了。可在那时,我实在看不出一幢房子能成为什么样的牢狱,因为房子在我看来比任何厂房都更亮堂、更体面。我也没有意识到女人是多么频繁地遭受男人的欺凌,因为这样的事情从未被提及过。即使在那时,我也能够看出一个母亲整日忙碌着应付年幼孩子们的需要是多么地辛苦。但是,作为男孩,如果我那时必须在照顾婴儿和照看机器之间作选择,我想我会选择照顾婴儿。
所以,当学校里的女性大吵大囔,谴责我和我所属的性别,说我们霸占着世间的欢乐时,我很困惑。她们要求从性别歧视的束缚中解放出来。我认为别的男孩(女孩也一样)也会有我这样的迷惑,只要他们成长于一贫如洗的农村,成长于码头边或工厂附近——成长于任何让男人和女人的命运同样苍白和严酷的地方。
当我在大学里遇到的那些女子们想到男人的享乐和特权时,她们并没有见过我以前认识的那些男人。这些特权阶层的、共和党男人的女儿们渴望继承她们父亲的权力和凌驾世界的贵族身份。她们渴望能对自己的未来拥有发言权。而我也渴望这样。我和这些女儿们之间的区别在于,她们看我时想到的是,我因为自己的性别而自出生起就注定可以成为像她们父亲那样
的人,从而也是她们实现自己欲望的敌人。但我比她们更清楚,无论是事实上还是情感上,我都不是她们欲望的敌人。我是她们反抗行动的同盟者。如果那时我就知道如何把这些告诉她们,或如何在中间做一个调停人,她们会相信我吗?她们能够理解吗?
TextB
⑵ 谁能给我新视野大学英语 读写教程 第四册的课文翻译
Unit 1
1. The plant does not grow well in soils other than the one in which it has been developed. 2. Research findings show that we spend about two hours dreaming every night, no matter what we may have done ring the day. 3.Some people tend to justify their failure by blaming others for not trying their best. 4.We remain tree to our commitment: Whatever we promised to do; we would do it. 5.Even Beethoven's father discounted the possibility that his son would one day become the greatest musician in the world. The same is true of Edison, who seemed to his teacher to be quite ll. 6. They were accused by authorities of threatening the state security.
Unit 2
1. If the characters in this comedy had been more humorous, it would have attracted a larger audience.2. She has never lost faith in her own ability, so it is a possibility for her to become a successful actress.3. I never had formal training, I just learned as I went along.4. As their procts find their way into the international market, their brand is gaining in popularity.5. She could make up a story by saying she was knocked unconscious by thieves and that all hermoney was gone, but she doubted whether she could make it sound believable.6. No one was certain whether he postponed the visit on purpose, but this brought more criticism of him.
Unit 3
1. Seven or eight officials are reported to have taken bribes and the mayor has decided to look into theaffair in person.2. These workers regret yielding to the management's advice and going back to work. Now they areagain faced with the threat of losing their jobs.3. You only need to fill out a form to get your membership, which entitles you to a discount on goods.4. Their car broke down halfway for no reason. As a result they arrived three hours later than they hadplanned.5. The official got involved in a scandal and was forced to resign weeks later.6. The man living on welfare began to build up his own market, one step at a time and his business isthriving.
Unit 4
1. Rather than invest in my ecation, my parents spent their money on a new house.2. Today, people are spending twice as much on entertainment and relaxation as they did in the past.3. In order to be successful, a business must keep pace with developments in the marketplace.4. Her fluency in English gave her an advantage over other girls for the job.5. For students, nowhere is better than the library, where all the books are at their disposal.6. We should make full use of the platform to strengthen communication, expand cooperation in moreareas and seek further development through joint efforts.
Unit 5
1. This little man is not so innocent as he appears.2. There's nothing I can do about the problem, so you might as well turn to Professor Wang for help.3. Both sides speak highly of the fruits in their cooperation in different areas, and hope that thecooperation can be furthered.4. On the one hand, an image of being close to the people can get a new policy more easily accepted.On the other hand, it will "encourage people to speak their minds and come up with constructivesuggestions".5. His sense of loneliness rose and fell and he sometimes would talk at length to himself and his petsand the television.6. After all, money is not everything. The richest people are not necessarily the happiest.
Unit 6
1. Suppose you found out that your colleague takes bribes, would you just ignore it?2. We've given up on him because he is so stubborn. It is pointless to argue with him.3. He hit upon a good method to speed up the progress of the experiment, but opinions differed amongmembers of the group on it.4. Today I'm able to square my profession with my interest, which I wasn't able to do before.5. The ability to visually distinguish between red and green is essential to becoming a driver.6. The team consisted of seven people who met on a regular basis to share their information with eachother.
Unit 7
1. In the process of creating the genetic map, these scientists realized that cooperation was more thanan attractive option; it was a responsibility.2. Their research findings were nothing less than a miracle. As a result of their findings, new light hasbeen shed on the history of human genes.3. In fact, only hard work in combination with proper methods will give you an advantage over others.4. The judge said the punishment would serve as a warning to others.5. The risk of infection is confined to those who have close contact with the patients.6. From such an analysis we are in a better position to understand what has happened and what to doabout it.
⑶ 求 四年级 上册 英语 课文 翻译 。
Unit 3 My friends
A Let’s learn
friends 朋友long hair长头发short hair短头发
hin瘦的strong强壮的 quiet文静的
My friend is strong. He has short hair.
我的朋友很强壮，他留着短头发。
Who is he?他是谁？
Let’s talk
Mom , I have a new friend.妈妈，我有一个新朋友。
A Chinese friend?一个中国朋友？
Yes. 是的。
A boy? 一个男孩吗？
Yes. He has short black hair and big eyes.
是的。他有着黑色的短头发和大眼睛。
What’s his name?他叫什么名字？
His name is Zhang Peng.他的名字叫张朋。
Look, this is his photo. He’s tall.看！这是他的相片。他很高。
He’s strong,too.他也很强壮。
Read and write
S s spoon snake student
T t tiger TV teacher
U u umbrella under cup
V v vest violin van
teacher老师
student学生
B Let’s learn
music 音乐sports运动science 科学painting绘画
computer games电脑游戏
My friend likes music。我的朋友喜欢音乐.
My friend likes sports.我的朋友喜欢运动。
Let’s talk
I have a friend.我有一个朋友。
Boy or girl?男孩还是女孩？
A girl.一个女孩。
Who’s she?她是谁？
Guess! 猜一猜！
She’s quiet. She likes music. What’s her name?
她很文静。她喜欢音乐。她的名字叫什么？
Her name is Amy.她的名字叫Amy.
I have a friend , too. He’s strong. He likes sports.
我也有一个朋友。他很强壮。他喜欢运动。
He’s Zhang Peng.他是张朋.
You’re right.你猜对了。
Read and write
W w window watermelon walkman
X x taxi box six
Y y yellow yo-yo yacht
Z z zebra zoo zipper
boy 男孩 girl女孩
friend朋友
⑷ 小学英语阅读新视野所有文章的中文翻译
flacons and cruses with stoppers of
cut amber, scented gloves, handkerchiefs,
sewing cushions filled with mace
⑸ 四年级英语上册31页怎么翻译
人教版四年级英语上册31页翻译如下：
Story time
翻译：故事时间
兔子：Wow!It's sobig!
翻译：哇！它太大了！
兔子：Oh, it's too big.I can't pull it up.
翻译：澳，它太大了。我不能把它拔出来。
兔子：Come on, friends.Please help me.
翻译：朋友们快来，请帮我。
猴子、小狗、猫：We'recoming!
翻译：我们来了。
猴子：One, two,three, pull!
翻译：一，二，三，拔！
熊：I'm strong.Let's work together.
翻译：我很强壮。让我们一起拔吧。
猴子：Hooray!
翻译：万岁！
一、big
1、含义：adj. 大的；重要的；有雄心的；受欢迎的。
2、用法：
big作“大”解时，形容物时指体积、面积、范围、容量和重量等“大”；形容人时侧重指身大体胖或辈分大，用于儿童则含“长大成熟”之义，有时也指大人物。当抽象名词不表示一般概念而表示某一具体内容时也可用big修饰。big用在口语中还可表示“宽宏大量的”。
New York is a big commercial city.
纽约是一座大的商业城市。
二、pull
1、含义：v. 拉；拖；牵；拔；吸引。
2、用法：
pull的基本意思是“拉，拖，扯”或“拔”，指不太费力地拖〔拉〕较轻的物体，有时还可引申表示“划(船)”。
pull还可表示“拉过来”，指用手把某物用力地向自己的方向拉并使其移动，有时也可指扣动扳机，拉开关等，引申还可表示“赢得”“招来”“吸引”。
The tractor pulls well.
这台拖拉机拉力大。
三、up
1、含义：adv. 向上；起来；上升；往上。prep. 向上。adj. 向上的；上行的。
2、用法：
up用作介词的意思是“向…上，向〔在〕…的顶上”。还可表示“往…的上端，向…的较高处，顺着…向上〔北〕; 往〔在〕…的上游〔发源地〕，在…”。up常指街道等长度远远超过宽度。
I got up early this morning.
今天早晨我起床很早。
四、help
1、含义：v. 帮助；有助于；促进；擅自拿取；（不）能防止或避免某事物。n. 帮助；援助；帮手；佣人；仆人。
2、用法：
help用作动词的基本意思是“帮助”“援助”,即为他人提供所需或向某结果〔目的〕推进。引申可表示“有助〔利〕于”“救治”“克〔抑〕制”等。
help既可用作不及物动词,也可用作及物动词。用作及物动词时，可接名词、代词或动词不定式作宾语，也可接以动词不定式充当补足语的复合宾语。
I'll do everything possible to help you.
我会尽一切可能帮助你。
五、strong
1、含义：adj. 强烈的；坚强的；强壮的；强劲的；强大的；确凿的；有影响力的；坚定的；浓的；浓烈的；结实的；可能性大的；擅长的；大量的；稳固的；坚挺的；景气的；强硬的；重读的。
2、用法：
strong的基本意思是“强壮有力的”，可用于修饰人的身体，也可用于修饰抽象的事物(如国家、政权等)，还可指网球比赛中的“用力的，强劲的(一推〔击〕)”。
strong也可作“牢固的”解，通常用于修饰具体的事物，如手杖、结构等。
A strong light impinged on his eyes.
一道强烈的光刺着他的眼睛。
⑹ 新视野大学英语第四册课文加翻译
1、成名者之以是成名，大多是因为发挥了本身在讴歌、跳舞、绘画或撰着等方面的拿手，并能形成本身的气势派 。为了能快速走红，代办别人代理人会尽力吹嘘他们这类气势派头他们平步显要的地位的历程让人看不清楚 。他们到底是怎么乐成的，大多数人也都说不上来 。只管如此，艺术家仍然不能闲下来 。若演出者、画家或作家感应无聊，他们的作品就难以接续连结以前的魔力，也就难以连结公家的注重力 。公家的热忱消磨往后，就会去追捧下一个走红的人 。有些艺术家为了不后进，会对他们的撰着、跳舞或唱歌的气势派头略加变更，但这将冒泼天的掉宠的危险 。公家对于他们藉以成名的艺术气势派头之外的不论什么情势都将掉以轻心。
1, famous to fame, mostly because the play itself in singing, dancing, painting, or written with the specialty, and can form itself of the vehemence of the pie. In order to quickly became popular, the agents will try to bragging about their this kind of imposing manner style they step prominent position of course people do not know. How they are happy, most people can not say. Nevertheless, the artist is still not free. Even if a play, writer or artist inction boring, their work is difficult to continue connected magic, is difficult to maintain the public's attention. Public spending will go back warmly, sought a popular person. Some artists in order to not backward, to their essays, dancing or singing the imposing manner style changes, but it will take a great pet out of danger. For the public to fame outside of their art style no matter what the situation will be let down.
2、知名作家的文风一眼就能见患上，如田纳西·威廉斯的戏剧、欧内斯特·海明威的情节摆设、罗伯特·弗罗斯特或 T.S.艾略特的诗歌等 .同样，像莫奈、雷诺阿、达利如许的画家，希区柯克、费里尼、斯皮尔伯格、陈凯歌或张艺谋如许的电影建造人也是如此 .他们鲜明奇特的艺术气势派头标记着与旁人不同的艺术情势上的重大变革，这让他们求名求利， 但也让他们付出了代价，那就是掉去了用其他气势派头或情势表现自我的自由。
2, the famous writer's style of writing one eye can see suffering from, such as Tennessee Williams's drama, Ernest Hemingway's plot, furnishings, Robert Frost or T. S. Eliot's poetry. Similarly, like Mo painter Monet, Renoir, Dali such Hitchcock, Fellini, Spielberg, Chen Kaige or Zhang Yimou such film build so. Their distinct and peculiar artistic imposing manner style marked major change and others different art forms, which makes them fame and fortune, but also allow them to pay the price, that is off to the freedom of self express with other imposing manner style or situation.
3、名气这盏聚光灯可比回归森林还要炙热 圈套很快会被揭穿，过多的关注带来的压力会让大多数人难以蒙受. 它让你掉去自我你必须是公家认可的阿谁你，而不是真正的你或是可能的你 .艺人，就像政客同样，必须常常说些违心或连本身都不纯粹信赖的话来取悦听众。
3, fame's spotlight than returning to the forest also hot trap soon will be exposed, too much attention to bring the pressure will be for most to suffer. It enables you to fall to self and you must is recognized by the public, O you who, rather than the real you or possible you. Artists, politicians are a lot like equally, must be used to say some unwillingly or even itself are not pure trust the words to please the audience.
4、一滴名气之水有可能玷辱人的心魄这一整口井，因此一个艺术家若能连结真我，会非分特别让人齰舌. 你可能答不上来哪一些人没有妥协，却仍然在这场名利的游戏中获胜 .一个例子就是爱尔兰着名作家奥斯卡·王尔德，他在社交举动和性举动方面以我行我素而闻名于世虽则他的举动受到公家的阻挡，却傲然故我，他也因此付出了凄惨的代价 .在一次宴席上，他一位密友的母亲当着他的伴侣和崇拜者的面，诘问诘责他在性方面影响了她的儿子 他听了她的话往后大为光火，起诉了这个年青人的母亲，声称她毁了本身的“好”名声 .但是.他真该请一个更好的状师.结果是，法官不仅不撑持他提出的让这个女人补偿他名声损掉费的请求，反倒对他本人举行了罚款 .他由于拒交罚款终极还被送进了牢狱更糟的是，他再也没有办法获患上更多公家的宠爱 .在最糟的时辰，他发现没有一个人愿意拿本身的名声冒险来替他措辞 .为连结真我，他付出的代价是，在最需要崇拜者时，谁也不睬他 。
4、一滴名气之水有可能玷辱人的心魄这一整口井，因此一个艺术家若能连结真我，会非分特别让人齰舌. 你可能答不上来哪一些人没有妥协，却仍然在这场名利的游戏中获胜 .一个例子就是爱尔兰着名作家奥斯卡·王尔德，他在社交举动和性举动方面以我行我素而闻名于世虽则他的举动受到公家的阻挡，却傲然故我，他也因此付出了凄惨的代价 .在一次宴席上，他一位密友的母亲当着他的伴侣和崇拜者的面，诘问诘责他在性方面影响了她的儿子 他听了她的话往后大为光火，起诉了这个年青人的母亲，声称她毁了本身的“好”名声 .但是.他真该请一个更好的状师.结果是，法官不仅不撑持他提出的让这个女人补偿他名声损掉费的请求，反倒对他本人举行了罚款 .他由于拒交罚款终极还被送进了牢狱更糟的是，他再也没有办法获患上更多公家的宠爱 .在最糟的时辰，他发现 No one is willing to take its reputation risk for his rhetoric. In order to connect me, he pays the price is, in the most in need of admirers, who also ignore him really..
⑺ 新视野大学英语4：Unit1 Text A (课文+译文)
新视野大学英语4：Unit1 Text A (课文+译文)
你知道新视野大学英语4：Unit1 Text A都讲哪些内容吗?下面是我为大家带来的新视野大学英语4：Unit1 Text A，欢迎阅读。
Love and logic : the story of a fallacy
爱情与逻辑：谬误的故事
1.I had my first date with Polly after I mad the trade with my roommate Rob .That year every guy on campus had a leather jacket, and Rob couldn’t stand the idea of being the only football player who didn’t ,so he made a pact that he’d give me his girl in exchange for my jacket.He wasn’t the brightest guy.Polly wasn’t too shrewd,either.
1.在我和室友罗伯的交易成功之后，我和波莉有了第一次约会。那一年校园里每个人都有件皮夹克，而罗伯是校足球队员中唯一一个没有皮夹克的，他一想到这个就受不了，于是他和我达成了一项协议，用他的女友换取我的夹克;他可不那么聪明，而他的女友波莉也不太精明。
2.But she was pretty,well-off,didn’t dye her hair strange colors or wear too much makeup. She had the right background to be the girlfriend of a dogged,brilliant lawyer.IF I could show the elite law firms I applied to that I had a radiant,well-spoken counterpart by my side,I just might edge past the competition.
2.但她漂亮而且富有，也没有把头发染成奇怪的颜色或是化很浓的妆。她拥有合适的家庭背景，足以胜任一名坚忍而睿智的律师的女友。如果我能够让我所申请的顶尖律师事务所看到我身边伴随着一位光彩照人、谈吐优雅的另一半，我就有可能在竞聘中以微弱优势获胜。
3.“Radiant”she was already.I could dispense her enough pearls of wisdom to make her “well-spoken”.
3.“光彩照人”，他已经是了。而我也能施予她足够多的“智慧之珠”，让她变得“谈吐优雅”。
4.After a banner day out,I drove until we were situated under a big old oak tree on a hill off the expressway.What I had in mind was a little eccentric.I thought the venue with a perfect view of the luminous city wold lighten the mood.We stayed in the car, and I turned down the stereo and took my foot off the brake pedal.”What are we going to talk about?”she asked.
4.在一起外出度过了美好的一天之后，我驱车来到了高速公路旁一座小山上一棵古老的大橡树下。我的想法有些怪异，而这个地方能够俯瞰灯火灿烂的城区，我觉得他会使人的心情变得轻松。我们待在车子里，我调低了音响并把脚从刹车上挪开。“我们要谈些什么”她问道。
5.“Logic.”
“Cool,”she said over her gum.
“The doctrine of logic,”I said,”is a staple of clear thinking.Failures in logic distort the truth ,and some of them are well known.First let’s look at the fallacy Dicto Simpliciter.”
“Great,”she agreed.
“Dicto Simpliciter means an unqualified generalization. For example : Exercise is good.Therefore,everybody should exercise.”
She nodded in agreement.
5.“逻辑学。”
“好酷啊，”她一边嚼着口香糖一边说
“逻辑学的原理，”我说道，“即清晰思考的主要原则。逻辑上出现的问题会歪曲事实，其实有些还很普遍。我们先来看看一种叫做‘绝对判断’的逻辑谬误”
“好啊，”她表示同意。
“‘绝对判断’是指在证据不足的情况下所作出的推断，比方说：运动是有姨的，所以每个人都应该运动，”
她点头表示赞同。
6.I could see she was stumped.”Polly,”I explained,”it’s too simple a generalization. If you have,say,heart disease or extreme obesity, exercise is bad,not good.Therefore, you must say exercise is good for most people.”
6.我看得出她没弄明白。“波莉，”我解释说，“这个推荐太过简单化了。去过你有心脏病或者超级肥胖症什么的，运动就变得有害而不是有益。所以你应该说，运动对大多数人来说是有益的。”
7.“Next is Hasty Generalization.Self-explanatory,right?Listen carefully:You can’t speak French.Rob can’t speak French.Looks like nobody at this school can speak French.”
7.“接下来是‘草率结论’。这似乎不言自明，对吧?仔细听好了：你不会说法语，罗伯不会铄法语，那么这所学校里好像是没有人会说法语。”
8.“Really?”said Polly,amazed.”Nobody?”
“This is a fallacy,”I said.”The generalization is reached too hastily. Too few instances support such a conclusion.”
She seemed to have a good time. I could safely say my plan was underway.I took her home and set a date for another conversation.
Seated under the oak the next evening I said,”Our first fallacy tonight is called Ad Misericordiam.”
She nodded with delight.
“Listen closely,”I said .”A man applies for a job.When the boss asks him what his qualifications are,he says he six children to feed.”
“Oh,this is awful,awful,”she whispered in a choked voice.
“yes,it’s awful,”I agreed，”but it’s no argument.The man never answered the boss’s question.Instead he appealed to the boss’s sympathy-Ad Misericordiam.”
8.“是吗?”波莉吃惊地说。“没有人吗?”
“这也是一种逻辑谬误。”我说，“这一结论太草率了，因为能够支持这一结论的例证太少了。”
她似乎学的很开心，而我也可以放心第说我得计划正在稳步推进中。我把她送回家，并且定下了下一次约会交谈的日子。
第二天晚上，坐在那棵橡树下，我说：“今天晚上我们要谈的第一个逻辑谬论叫做‘文不对题’。”
她高兴地点了点头。
“听好了，”我说，“有个人去申请工作，当老板问他有什么应聘资格时，他说他有六个孩子要抚养。”
“哇，这太可怕了，太可怕了。”她哽咽着轻声说道。
“对，是挺可怕的，”我表示赞同地说，“但这不是理由。这个人根本没有回答老板的问题，而只是在博取老板的同情，这就是‘文不对题’。”
9.She blinked,still trying hard to keep back her tears.
“Next,”I said carefully,”we will discuss False Analogy.An example.students should be allowed to look at their textbooks ring exams,because surgeons have X-rays to guide them ring surgery.”
“I like that idea,”she said.
“Polly,”I groaned,”don’t derail the discussion.The inference is wrong.Doctors aren’t taking a test to see how mach they have learned ,but students are.The situations are altogether different.You can’t make an analogy between them.”
“I still think it’s a good idea,”said Polly.
9.她眨着眼睛，仍在竭力的忍住眼泪。
“接下来”，我小心的说，“我们来讨论‘错误类比’。举个例子：学生考试时应当允许看课本，因为外科医生在做手术时可以看x光片。”
“我喜欢这个主意，”她说。
“波莉，”我抱怨道，“别打岔这一推论是错误的。医生们不是在参加考试以检查他们学到了多少，而学生却是，他们的情况完全不同，你不能将他们类比。”
“我仍然认为这是一个好主意，”波莉说。
10.With five nights of diligent work,I actually made a logician out of Polly.She was an analytical thinker at last.The time had come for the conversion of our relationship from academic to romantic.
10.经过了五个晚上的辛勤努力，我竟然真的将波莉打造成了一个逻辑行家，他总算能过分析思考了。现在应该是时候让我们的关系从学术向浪漫发展了。
11.“Polly,”I said when next we sat under our oak,”tonight we won’t discuss fallacies.”
“Oh?”she said,a little disappointed.
Favoring her with a grin, I said ,”we have now spent five evenings together.We get along pretty well .We make a pretty good couple.”
“Hasty Generalization,”said Polly brightly.”Or as a normal person might say,that’s a little premature, don’t you think?”
11.“波莉，”当我们又一次坐在那棵橡树下的时候我对她说，“今晚我们不讨论逻辑谬论了。”
“哦?”她回答说。有一点失望。
我赞许地对她笑了笑，说:“我们在一起已经度过了五个晚上，相互之间挺合得来，我们是蛮相配的一对。”
“草率结论，”波莉伶俐地说，“或者是按一般人的说法，这个结论有些不成熟，你不这样认为吗?”
12.I laughed with amusement.She’d learned her lessons well,far surpassing my expectations,”Sweetheart.”I said, patting her hand in a tolerant manner,”five dates is plenty.After all,you don’t have to eat a whole cake to know it’s good.”
12.我被逗得笑了起来，她功课还真学的不错，大大超了我的预期。“亲爱的，”我开口说，同时宽容地拍了拍她的手，“五次约会已经够多了，毕竟你不需要吃掉整个蛋糕才知道它是不是好吃。”
13.“Fals Analogy,”said Polly promptly.”Your premise is that dating is like eating.But you’re not a cake.You’re a boy.”
13.“错误类比，”波莉立即回应。“你的前提是约会就如同吃东西。可你不是蛋糕，你是个男孩。”
14.I laughed with somewhat less amusement,hiding my dread that she’d learned her lessons too well.A few more false steps would be my doom.I decided to change tactics and try flattery instead.
14.我又笑了笑，不过不觉得那么有趣了，同时还不能表露出我害怕她学得太好了。再错几步我可就无法挽回了。我决定改变策略，转而尝试奉承她的办法。
15.“Polly,I love you.Please say you’ll go out with me.I’m nothing without you.”
“Ad Misericordiam,”she said.
15.“波莉，我爱你。答应做我的女朋友，没有你我什么也不是。”
“文不对题，”她说。
16.“You certainly can discern a fallacy when you see it,”I said,my hopes starting to crumble.”But don’t take them so literally.I mean this is all academic.You know the things you learn in school don’t have anything to do with real life.”
16.“你还真是能在遇到逻辑谬误时一一辨别它们了，”我说，心里的'希望已经开始动摇。“不过不要对他们太死板，我是说这都是些学术的东西。你知道，学校里学的东西和实际生活根本没有什么联系。”
17.“Dicto Simpliciter,”she said.”Besides,you really should practice what you preach.”
I leaped to my feet,my temper flaring up.”Will you or will you not go out with me?”
“No to your proposition,”she replied.
“Why?” I demanded
“I’m more interested in a different petitioner-Rob and I are back together.”
17.“绝对判断，”她说道，“而且，你自己教的东西应该自己身体力行。”
我一下跳了起来，怒火中烧“你到底愿不愿意做我的女朋友?”
“我不愿意，”她答道。
“为什么?”我追问。
“我对另一位求爱者更感兴趣-罗伯和我重归于好了。”
18.With great effort,I said calmly,”How could you give me the axe over Rob?Look at me,an ingenious student,a tremendous intellectual,a man with an assured future.Look at Rob,a muscular idiot,a guy who’ll never know where his next meal is coming from.Can you give me one good reason why you should be with him?”
18.我极力地保持着冷静，说道:“你怎么会甩了我而选择罗伯?看看我，一个聪明过人的学生，一个不同凡响的学者，一个前途无亮的人。在看看罗伯，一个肌肉发达的蠢材，一个有了上顿没下顿的家伙，你是否能给我一个充足的理由，为什么要选择跟他?”
19.“wow, what presumption!I’ll put it in a way someone as brilliant as you can understand,”retorted Polly,her voice dripping with sarcasm.”Full disclosure-I like Rob in leather.I told him to say yes to you so he could have your jacket!”
19“喔，这是什么假设啊!为了让像你这么聪明的人能够明白，我这么说吧，”波莉反驳道，声音里充满了讽刺，“事情的真相是一我喜欢罗伯穿皮衣。是我让他同意你们的协议的，这样他就能拥有你的夹克!”
新视野大学英语简介
《新视野大学英语》（第二版）系列教材是普通高等教育“十一五”国家级规划教材。本教材在保持第一版优势的基础上，依据《大学英语课程教学要求》的精神及大学英语教学的发展方向，对整体结构和内容进行了全面完善和提高。作为一套与现代信息技术相结合的立体化大学英语教材，《新视野大学英语》（第二版）通过课本、光盘、网络等不同载体的有机结合，为新形势下的大学英语教学提供多层次、多渠道、立体化的服务。
先进的教学理念：教材编写充分考虑教学过程，注重教学内容、教学模式、教学方法及教学手段的创新，遵循分类指导和因材施教的原则，倡导课堂教学与自主学习相结合，提高语言能力，培养学习策略。
完备的教材体系：系列教材包含1—4级，每级有《读写教程》、《听说教程》、《泛读教程》、《快速阅读》和《综合训练》。各教程自成一体，又相互联系，在巩固和强化专项能力的同时提高学生的语言综合应用能力。
丰富的主题内容：教材内容以主题为线索，涉及文化交流、道德情感、信息技术、科学教育、社会焦点等各个方面，选材注重信息性、趣味性、时代感和文化内涵，有助于开拓视野，培养人文素质和文化意识。
多样的活动设计：教材针对同步提供课本（Textbook）、光盘（CD—ROM）与网络课程（Online Course）三种不同载体，多层次、多渠道服务于大学英语教与学。
同步提供每级教材的试题库与测试工具、提供试题选择和增删功能，既支持传统课堂测试也支持无纸化测试。
网络课程中设计和制作了规模庞大的语料库，既为学科建设的持续发展提供基础，也为大学英语教师从事理论学习和研究提供方便。
;⑻ 新视野大学英语4：Unit2 TextA课文+译文
新视野大学英语4：Unit2 TextA课文+译文
新视野大学英语4：Unit2 TextA的课文题目是对美丽的追求。下面是我为大家带来的新视野大学英语4：Unit2 TextA(课文+译文)，欢迎阅读。
1.If you're a man, at some point a woman will ask you how she looks.
2.You must be careful how you answer this question. The best technique is to from an honest yet sensitive response, then promptly excuse yourself for some kind of emergency. Trust me, this is the easiest way out. No amount of rehearsal will help you come up with the right answer.
1.如果你是一位男士，肯定在某个时候会有女士问你她看起来怎么样。
2.对于如何应对这个问题，你一定得小心。最好的对策是给你个诚实但又谨慎的回答。然后借口有急事马上脱身。相信我，这是最简单的方法，对于她的这一问题，无论你事先练习多少次，都不会找到正确答案。
3.He problem is that men do not think of themselves in seventh grade and stick to it for the rest of themselves in seventh grade and stick to it for the rest of their lives. Some men think they're irresistibly desirable, and they refuse to change this opinion even when they grow bald and their faces visibly wrinkle as they age.
3.其原因是，男性和女性对外表的看法截然不同，大多数男性对自己的外表在七年级的时候就形成了，而且终生不变，有些男性认为自己有不可抗拒的魅力，即使随着年龄的增长，他们的头发掉光了，脸上布满皱纹，他们仍然拒绝改变这种看法。
4.Most men, I believe, are not arrogant about their minds at all, they like to think of themselves as average-looking. Being average doesn't bother them; average is fine. They don't affix much value to their looks, or think of them in terms of aesthetics. Their primary form of beauty care is to shave themselves, which is essentially the same care they give to their lawns. If, at the end of his four-minute allotment of time for grooming, a man has managed of wipe most of the shaving cream out of the strands of his hair and isn't bleeding too badly, he feels he's done all he can.
4.我相信,大多数人对他们的想法并不傲慢,他们喜欢把自己看成是普通人。平均不会打扰他们;平均是很好。他们不会给他们的外表贴上多少价值,也不能从美学角度考虑他们。他们的.主要美容形式是刮胡子,这与他们给自家草坪的护理基本相同。如果在他的四分钟时间分配给他的时候,一个男人已经设法将大部分剃须从他的头发斯特兰兹了,而且不会太严重,他觉得他已经尽力了。
5.Women do not look at themselves this way. If I had to guess what most women think about their appearance, it would be:"Not good enough." No matter how attractive a woman may be, her perception of herself is eclipsed by the beauty instry. She has trouble thinking"I'm beautiful." She magnifies the smallest imperfections in her body and imagines them as glaring flaws the whole world will notice and ridicule.
5.女性可不是这样看待自己的，如果非要我猜测大多数女性对自己的相貌是如何评价的话，那肯定是"还不够好"，一位女士，无论她看起来多么吸引人，他对自己的看法总是由于受美容业的影响而蒙着一层阴影。要他认为"我很漂亮"是一件难事。他把身体上的极小的不完美之处加以放大，并且幻想这些缺点十分明显以至于全世界的人都会注意到并且嘲笑他 。
6.Why do women consider their looks so deficient? This chronic insecurity isn't inborn, but created though the interaction of many complex psychological and societal factors, beginning so that, if they were human, they would be seven feet tall and weigh 61 pounds, with tiny thighs and a large upper body. This is an absurd standard to live up to, especially when you consider the size of the doll's waist, a relative measurement physically impossible for a living human to achieve. Contrast this absurd standard with that presented to little boys with their "action figures". Most of the toys that young boys have played with were weird-looking, like the one called Buzz-Off that was part human, part flying insect. This guy was not a looker, but he was still extremely self-confident. You could not imagine him saying to the others,"Is this accessory the right shade of violet for this outfit?"
6.为什么女性会把自己的外貌想的这么差呢? 这种长期的不安全感并不是与生俱来的，而是由许多复杂的心理和社会因素的相互作用造成的从小时候大人们给他们买洋娃娃时候开始了，女孩成长过程中摆弄的洋娃娃，如果按照身材比例还原位真人大小的话，就会是7英尺高，61英镑重，大腿纤细，上身丰满，要达到这样的标准是很荒唐的，尤其是当我们想想那种洋娃娃的腰围尺寸，就知道其相对尺寸对任何一个活人来说都是不可企及的，与女孩玩具的这种荒唐标准相比小男孩们得到的动作玩哦却是完全不同的模样。大多数男孩的玩具都样貌古怪，例如那个叫做"蜜蜂侠"的玩哦，一半像人，一半是会飞的昆虫。这个玩哦尽管样子不好看，但仍然非常自信，你肯定无法想象他会问别人说"这个配饰的紫罗兰色和这件外套配不配呢?
7.But women grow up thinking they need to look like Barbie dolls or girls on magazine covers, which for most women is impossible. Nonetheless, the multibillion-dollar beauty instry, complete with its own aisle in the grocery store, is devoted to constant warfare on female self-esteem, convincing women that they must buy all the newest moisturizing creams, bronzing powders and appliances that promise to "stimulate and restore" their skin. I once saw an Oprah Show in which supermodel Cindy Crawford dispensed makeup tips to the studio audience. Cindy had all these middle-aged women apply clay masks and other"wrinkle-removing" procts to their faces; she stressed how important it was to adhere to the guidelines, like applying procts via the tips of their fingers to protect elasticity. All the women tifully did this, even though it was obvious to any rational observer that, no matter how carefully they applied these procts, they would never have Cindy Crawford's face or complexion.
7.然而，女性在成长过程中却认为自己应该长得像芭比娃娃或杂志封面的封面女郎一样，这对大多数女性来说是不可能的。尽管如此，产值达几十亿美元的美容业，在超市化妆品销售专区的配合下，总是在不停地攻击着女性的自尊，使其相信自己只有购买最新的保湿面霜、古铜散粉，以及各种美容器具，才能“激发和恢复”肌肤活力。我曾经看过一期《奥普拉脱口秀》，在节目中，超级名模辛迪·克劳馥和演播室里的观众分享了自己的化妆秘笈。辛迪要求这些中年妇女在脸上敷上黏土面膜和其他祛皱产品;她还强调一定要遵守这些方法，例如：往脸上涂抹这些产品时，要用指尖，这样可以保持肌肤的弹性。所有这些妇女都非常忠实地按照辛迪说的做了。可是对任何一个理智的旁观者来说，无论她们如何认真的使用这些产品，他们都不可能拥有辛迪那样的面容或肤色。
8.I'm not saying that men are superior. I'm just saying that you're not going to get a group of middle-aged men to plaster cosmetics to themselves under the instruction of Brad Pitt in hopes of looking more like him. Men don't face the same societal focus purely on physical beauty, and they're encouraged to reach out to other characteristics to promote their self-esteem. They might say to Bard:"Oh yeah? Well, what do you know about lawn care, pretty boy?"
8. 我并不是说男性优于女性。我的意思是你不可能让一群中年男子在布拉德·皮特的指导下把化妆品敷到自己脸上，期望自己能看起来更像布拉德。与女性不同，男性的外貌美不是社会所关注的唯一焦点。人们会鼓励男性借助其他特征来提升自尊。他们也许会对布拉德说：“是吗?那么帅哥，你对维护草坪又知道多少?”
9.Of course women argue that they become obsessed with appearance as a reaction to pressure from men. The truth is that most men think beauty is more than just lipstick and perfume and take no notice of these extra details. I have never once, in more than 40 years of listening to men talk about women, heard a man say,"She had gorgeous fingernails!" To most men, little things like fingernails are all homogeneous anyway, and one woman's flawless pink polish is exactly as invisible as another's bare nails.
9. 当然，女性会争辩说她们对外表的热衷追求是出于对来自男性的压力的一种反应。而事实是，大多数男性认为美丽不仅仅来自于口红和香水，而且他们不会去注意这些额外的细节。四十多年来，我在听男性谈论女性时，从来没有一次听到过哪位男性这样说：“她的指甲真漂亮啊!”对大多数男性来说，像指甲这样小的东西看起来都一样，无论一个女生的指甲是用粉色指甲油涂的完美无瑕，还是光光的毫无修饰，男性都一概视而不见。
10.By participating in this system of extreme conformity, women are actually opening themselves up to the scrutiny of other women, the only ones qualified to judge their efforts. What is the real benefit of working this hard to appease men who don't notice when it only exposes women to prosecution from other women?
10.女性参与这种极端的从众行为，实际上是把自己置于其他女性的审视之下，因为只有那些女性才有资格评价她们所付出的努力。但是，如此费力地去取悦男性而他们根本不会注意，同时又只是招致其它女性的指责，这样做究竟有什么好处呢?
11.Anyway, to get back to my original point: If you're a man, and a woman asks you how she looks, you can't say she looks bad without receiving immediate and well-deserved outrage. But you also can't shower her with empty compliments about how her shoes complement her dress nicely because she'll know you're lying. She has spent countless hours worrying about the differences between her looks and Cindy Crawford's. Also, she suspects that you're not qualified to voice a subjective opinion on anybody's appearance. This may be because you have shaving cream in your hair and inside the folds of your ears.
11.不管怎样，言归正传：如果你是一位男性，当有女士问你她看起来怎么样时，你千万不能说她看起来很糟糕，那样肯定会使她立刻迁怒于你，这也是你咎由自取。但是，你也不能慷慨地大放空洞之词，赞美她的鞋子和裙子是多么相配，因为她知道你是在说谎。她已经花费了无数个小时发愁自己的容貌不能和辛迪·克劳馥的一样。而且，也许因为你的头发和耳廓上粘着剃须膏，她会怀疑你根本没有资格对任何人的外表给出主观评价。
;