关于西红柿节的英语阅读理解
A. 阅读——Interesting Festivals in the world（世界上有趣的节日）
前两天分享了一篇关于西班牙的西红柿节。学生们非常开心，跟我说想了解其他有趣的节日。宠学生的我当然不会拒绝，难得孩子们爱上阅读英语短文。
这一篇介绍了国外一些比较有趣的节日。虽然不是很详细，但作为一篇在课堂上拓展的读物，这个篇幅很适合了。
以下是这篇文章的翻译：
西红柿节——西班牙
西班牙将“番茄大战”推向了一个全新的高度。但是在节日上西红柿是拿来扔的，而不是吃的。这个节日在八月的最后一个星期三举行。卡车把西红柿运到广场上。人们飞奔而来把西红柿扔向人群。
滚奶酪节——英格兰
这个节日在五月的最后一个星期一。它在库珀山举行。一轮巨大奶酪从库珀山上滚下来。这实际上是一场比赛，在奶酪滚下山后，人们跑下山跟着奶酪追。第一个在山脚下越过终点线的人会 赢得奶酪。
美国的火人节
火人节持续一周的时间。从劳动节的前一个星期一到劳动节（美国的劳动节是每年九月的第一个星期一）。这个节日在黑岩沙漠举行。这个节日最精彩的部分是焚烧一个巨大的男子雕塑。
泰国泼水节
泼水节是泰国庆祝新年的节日。
泰国庆祝新年的时间不是一天，而是从4月13日到4月15日。在泼水节，泰国人互相追逐，泼水。泼水节是外国人来到这片美丽土地的最重要原因之一。
西红柿节在前面的课程里面有给同学们详细地介绍过。因此他们这节课真正感兴趣的是滚奶酪节、火人节和泼水节。
孩子们对这些节日也有着自己的看法，并没有因为觉得国外的节日听起来新奇，就盲目崇拜，学生们有的说，不理解为什么国外有的节日那么奇奇怪怪，但却看不到实际意义，有的节日想传递怎么样的价值观呢？咱国内的节日都有传统可追寻，有文化可学习，有爱可推崇，这才是真正学习的呀。
我很欣慰，孩子们一方面通过阅读满足了好奇心，看到了外面的世界，另一方面也懂得思考，懂得珍惜，懂得鉴赏。
“所以你们要好好学习英语呀，很多人说学习英语有什么用，但现在你们知道了吧。把咱优秀的文化和有趣的节日介绍给世界。”课外阅读的时间不长，我最后给学生总结了这么一段话。
B. 英语阅读短文
谷歌翻译：
有世界各地的许多惊人的节日。 “西红柿大战”每年的最后一个星期三在八月发生在布尼奥尔，在西班牙的一个小镇。的数万人来到这里，扔西红柿对方。这种番茄的战斗使得在街上番茄汁没膝深的河流，这个节日是现在很流行。今年的约38,000人来到布尼奥尔-8，比去年同期增长8000多。大约上午11点的西红柿打架发生下午1时，在那一天。当战斗开始时，每个人，一切都在番茄汁在短短的一两分钟。许多妇女和儿童也加入战斗，有的甚至戴眼镜，以保持西红柿飞入自己的眼睛。当战斗结束后，人们碰到他们的浴室洗去番茄汁。
这个节日被认为是世界上“最大的番茄的战斗之一。节日期间发生的其他的事情都是音乐，游行，舞蹈，焰火。
答案：
B
C
A
B
D
题是自己做的，不一定对
C. 万圣节的英语介绍
关于万圣节的英语介绍
万圣节就要到了，大家都很开心吧，下面我给大家提供万圣节的英语介绍，欢迎大家阅读欣赏!
【万圣节的英文介绍】
Halloween is one of the oldest holidays with origins going back thousands of years. The holiday has had many influences from many cultures over the centuries. From the Roman's Pomona Day, to the Celtic festival of Samhain, to the Christian holidays of All Saints and All Souls Days.
Hundreds of years ago in what is now Great Britain and Northern France, lived the Celts (凯尔特人), who worshipped (崇拜) nature and had many gods, with the sun god as their favorite. They celebrated their New Year on November 1st which was made every year with a festival and marked the end of the "season of the sun" and the beginning of "the season of darkness and cold."
On October 31st after the crops were all harvested and stored for the long winter the cooking fires in the homes would be extinguished (消失). The Druids, the Celtic priests, would meet in the hilltop in the dark oak forest (oak trees were considered sacred). They would light new fires and offer sacrifices of crops and animals. As they danced around the fires, the season of the sun passed and the season of darkness would begin.
When the morning arrived the Druids would give an ember from their fires to each family who would then take them home to start new cooking fires. These fires would keep the homes warm and free from evil spirits.
The November 1st festival was called Samhain (pronounced "sow-en"). The festival would last for 3 days. Many people would parade in costumes made from the skins and heads of their animals. This festival would become the first Halloween.
The Celtics would carry a lantern (灯笼) when they walked on the eve of October 31. These lanterns were carved out of big turnips (大头菜) and the lights were believed to keep the evil spirits away. Children would carve faces in the turnips. These carved turnips were called "jack-o-lanterns.
It is said that the "jack-o-lantern" got its name from a stingy (吝啬的) and mean old man, named Jack, who when he died was too mean to get into heaven. When Jack went to hell he was meet by the Devil who gave him a piece of burning coal and sent him away. Jack placed the burning coal in a turnip to use as a lantern to light his way. The legends claim that Jack is still walking with the lantern looking for a place to stay.
When the early settlers came to America they found the big round orange pumpkin. Being larger and much more colorful than turnips, the pumpkin made great "jack-o-lanterns". Eventually the pumpkin would replace the turnip. Eventually the Pumpkin would become the most widely recognized symbol(象征)of the Halloween holiday.
The history of "Trick'O'Treating" can be traced back (追溯) to the early celebrations of All Soul's Day in Britain. The poor would go begging and the housewives would give them special treats called "soulcakes". This was called "going a-souling", and the "soulers" would promise to say a prayer for the dead.
Over time the custom changed and the town's children became the beggars. As they went from house to house they would be given apples, buns (圆形的小甜面包), and money. During the Pioneer days of the American West, the housewives would give the children candy to keep from being tricked. The children would shout "Trick or Treat!".
【万圣节的黑猫】
Halloween is a bad time of year for black cats, with their long-standing connections with witches, hubble-bubble and evil。
对于黑猫来说，万圣节是一年中最“悲惨”的日子。一直以来，人们都将它们与巫婆、喧闹以及邪恶联系在一起。
Reports of deliberate cruelty to black cats rise especially in the weeks around Halloween in Britain, the RSPCA animal charity said on Wednesday。
英国皇家防止虐待动物协会(RSPCA)于本周三称，在临近万圣节的`前几周，英国故意虐待黑猫的案例数出现上升。
But it seems that not only do people treat black cats badly in October -- they shun them for the rest of the year too。
但似乎人们不仅在十月份虐待黑猫，其它时候也是避之不及。
Black cats at animal shelters take longer than others to find homes, probably because of all the superstitions surrounding them, the charity said。
该慈善机构称，动物收容所里的黑猫等待领养的时间比其它猫都要长，这或许是因为那些与之相关的迷信说法。
"Unfortunately, black cats often do spend longer in our rehoming centres than others as they are frequently overlooked by potential owners," said shelter manager Beverly Leavy。
收容所经理贝弗莉?利维说：“不幸的是，黑猫往往在我们的收养中心待得时间更久，它们常被潜在的收养者们忽视。”
"But their fur color makes no difference to how much love they have to give," she added. "The cats are ready to make wonderful pets."
她说：“但它们皮毛的颜色和它们给予人们的爱的多少没有关系。它们可以成为很好的宠物。”
The image problem varies from country to country and often involves black cats crossing people's paths。
各国有关黑猫的迷信说法各不相同，但一般都有忌讳看见黑猫从自己面前走过这一说。
Historians differ about the origins of the superstitions。
历史学家对这些迷信说法的起源看法各异。
Some point to the ancient Celts, some to folklore tales that liken cats to snakes and cast them as the constant companions of witches, others to a Medieval belief that they caused the black plague in Europe。
有些人认为这源于古凯尔特人，有些人则认为这与把黑猫比作蛇，总将黑猫与巫婆扯在一起的民间传说有关，还有一些人认为这源于中世纪时期的一种有关黑猫在欧洲引发鼠疫的说法。
The view that they bring bad luck has also woven its way into art and popular culture。
黑猫会带来厄运的说法在艺术和流行文化中也有所体现。
American writer of macabre tales, Edgar Alan Poe, published a short story "The Black Cat" in 1843 and in the late 19th century a shady cabaret called Le Chat Noir welcomed guests in the Bohemian Montmartre district of Paris。
美国惊悚小说家埃德加?爱伦?坡曾于1843年发表了一本名为《黑猫》的短篇小说。19世纪晚期，一家名为Le Chat Noir(法语，黑猫)的隐秘歌舞表演场所在法国巴黎具有波希米亚风格的蒙马特区开业。
The RSPCA is appealing for potential owners to come forward for the black cats in its shelters.
英国皇家防止虐待动物协会正呼吁潜在的收养者们主动领养收容所的黑猫。
;D. 番茄节（翻译）急！20+50分，在线等！
According to the fable, one day, in this city a small orchestra blows the loudspeaker from the town center to blatantly seek publicity, the leader was curls upwards the space the loudspeaker. By now, group young people arose suddenly the fantasy, works on the tomato to throw to that megaphone, and competes with mutually, who has a look at to be able to throw the tomato. This is “the tomato war” origin. It is the Spanish annual popular tradition holiday, it started most early in 1945, the entire holiday usually continued for one week. The tomato festival is one super divulges the game. the holiday same day, tens of thousands of local resident and the outside areas tourist know thoroughly juiciness the tomato to throw to other people, after the game rule are furiously the tomato must pinch rottenly, can get rid, in order to avoid injures other people. Certainly, does this may also cause the tomato to stick. Very quick, the tomato juice formed one on the small town street to overflow knee's rivers, but people's body and laughed heartily also submerges in the tomato red sea. Every year's activity is from shortly before noon start, “fierce combat” 1 hour later, Cheng Dun the tomato are thrown by the people one spatially, the local resident in abundance opens in the garden the fire hose tube, moistens the full tomato juice the street and the whole body the people to flush cleanly.
E. 英语阅读理解的题型
英语阅读理解的题型
作为高考英语试卷中题量最大、分值最多、难度最高的题型，高考英语阅读理解题在整个高中英语中至关重要。下面我整理了高考英语阅读理解的常见题型以及解题方法，大家一起来看一下吧!
【高考英语阅读理解常见题型及解题方法】
一、主旨大意题
主旨大意题主要考查学生对所读材料(或所读材料片断)中心思想的概括。做这类题时，考生应通读全文，把握文章大意或中心思想，同时注意文章的主题句，因为主题句表达中心思想，其他句子均围绕主题句进行展开。主题句通常位于文章第一段首句、第一段末句或全文末句等地方，但位于段落中间(通常是第一段或最后一段的中间)也是完全可能的。主旨大意题的考查形式很多，如概括标题、主题、段意、中心思想等。请看浙江卷中的一个段落：
In the course of working my way through school, I took many jobs I would rather forget. But none of these jobs was as dreadful as my job in an apple plant. The work was hard; the pay was poor; and, most of all, the working conditions were terrible.
◎What is the subject discussed in the text?
A. The writer’s unhappy school life
B. The writer’s eagerness to earn money
C. The writer’s experience as a full-time worker
D. The writer’s hard work in an apple plant
原文共有五个自然段，上面摘录的只是文章的第1个自然段，但是如果考生训练有素的话，只要读完这个段落就可猜出此题的答案了。因为文章第一句说In the course of working my way through school, I took many jobs I would rather forget，接着作者用but引出一个新的情况(即主题句)：none of these jobs was as dreadful as my job in an apple plant. 再接下来又说：The work was hard; the pay was poor; and, most of all, the working conditions were terrible. 聪明的读者至此应该可以猜测到，下面的几个段落肯定是介绍这个apple plant 的work是如何的hard，它的pay是如何的poor，它的working conditions 是如何的terrible 等。比较四个选项，只有选项D所表述内容合乎上面的分析，故选D。
二、事实细节题
顾名思义，事实细节题即指针对文章的某个事实或细节而设置的试题。事实细节题的命题方法很多，如可能是对某个细节用同义结构转换后进行考查、也可能是将文章中的几个细节(通常是四个)放在一起要求考生判断是非(选出正确的一项或选出错误的一项)或对几个细节进行排序等。解答这类试题时，一个常用的方法就是运用定位法，即根据题干或选项中的线索词从原文中找到相关的句子，与选项进行比较从而确定答案(此时要特别注意一些常见的同义转换或简单换算)。请看安徽卷中的一道事实细节题：
Tuition Fees(学费)
Tuition fees are different from department to department, generally from $5,000 to $6,000 a year. For further information: [email protected]
Accommodation(住宿)
You can have a room in a 4-bedrcom flat, which will cost about $100 a month with other regular living costs of about $150 a month for one person. For further information: [email protected]
◎You have to pay at least ______ a year if you study at the University of Waikato.
A. $5,250 B. $8,000 C. $9,000 D. $11,000
根据Tuition fees一节的内容可知，一年的学费最低为5,000美元，再根据Accommodation(住宿)一节可知，除学费外，还有住宿费(每月100美元)和生活费(每月150美元)，即一年大约共3,000美元，所以在WaiKato大学读书一年至少要花费5,000+3,000=8,000美元，故答案为B。
三、代词指代题
这类题要求考生根据一定的上下文推测代词的指代意义，它主要考查考生在一定语境中对上下文逻辑关系的正确理解。做这类题时，考生不仅要读懂相关句子的句意，理顺相关句子的逻辑关系，而且还要学会合理变通，尤其要学会变通理解其中的`同义表达。请看天津卷中的一个片断和一个道词义猜测题：
Many creative thinkers state that they have completely devoted themselves to the subject matter of the problem, often over fairly long periods of time. Indeed, it would be strange if they had not done this. Nothing in such statements supports the idea that there is anything very different about the problem solving that leads to discoveries of the great contributions to the society. The act of discovery, even in the relatively predictable(可以预见的) sense that it occurs in everyday learning, involves(涉及) a “sudden insight” which changes the problem situation into a solution situation. As we have seen, everyday discovery also requires that the learner have the knowledge of the rules gained in the past, which is involved in the solution.
◎What does the underlined word “this” refer to?
A. Great contributions to the society.
B. Long-time study of the subject matter.
C. Various statements about problem solving.
D. Complete devotion to artistic creation.
此题答案选B。答案的直接依据是文章中的Many creative thinkers state that they have completely devoted themselves to the subject matter of the problem, often over fairly long periods of time. Indeed, it would be strange if they had not done this 这两句话。从句意和句子结构上看，this在此指代的应是they have completely devoted themselves to the subject matter of the problem, often over fairly long periods of time，比较四个选项，只有B与之吻合，因为选项中的long-time与原文中的over fairly long periods of time属同义表达，选项中的study of the subject matter 与原文中的devoted themselves to the subject matter of the problem属同义表达。
四、词义猜测题
即要求考生根据一定的上下文猜测生词的词义。它是高考英语阅读理解中的一个难点，同学们应引起充分重视。猜测生词词义的方法很多，常用的有同义解释法、因果推断法、前后对比法、基本构词法、语境理解法、举例说明法、常识背景法、类属分析法等。请看安徽卷中一道词义猜测题：
More American people take their troubles with them on holiday, according to a new survey. Although 40 percent said that the main reason for going away is to escape pressure(压力) from work, almost all said they worry more than they do at home. Only four in every 100 said that they are happy and free of care.
◎The underlined word “survey” in the first paragraph most probably means ______.
A. research B. review C. exhibition D. examination
此题答案选A。比较四个选项，同时结合常识，文中所提到的事实和数据应该是“调查和研究”得出的(其他几个选项可排除)。
五、推理判断题
即要求考生在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上，作出一定的判断和推理，从而得出文章的隐含意义和深层意义。推理判断题属于主观性较强的高层次阅读理解题，做这类题目时，同学们应严格依据作者所陈述的细节、事实以及作者的措词、态度和语气等，找出能够表露作者思想倾向和感情色彩的词语，然后利用自己已获得的相关知识进行推理判断，从而得出符合逻辑的结论。此时应特别注意：当问及作者的看法、意图与态度时，不要误认为是在问“你”(考生)的想法，而是作者本人在字里行间所表述的观点。请看全国卷中的一个段落：
Now the task I face in harvesting the fruit is twofold: First, I have to find the red ones among the leaves, which means I almost have to stand on my head, and once found I have to reach down and under, pick the tomatoes and withdraw(缩回) my full fist without dropping the prize so dearly won. I found two full-blown white roses completely hidden as I picked tomatoes in June, but they were weak and the leaves already yellow for lack of light.
◎By saying “the prize so dearly won” in paragraph 5, the writer wants to ______.
A. show the difficulty in picking the tomatoes
B. show the hardship of growing the roses
C. express her liking for the roses
D. express her care for the tomatoes
本文大意讲的是作者在春天偶然栽种的一棵西红柿长成后非常大，影响到园中的玫瑰花，作者在享受西红柿美味的同时，又难以割舍珍贵的玫瑰花，面对两种选择，作者举棋不定。
此题要求考生推测作者说the prize so dearly won的意图，属推理判断题。此题答案选A，其推理依据主要有以下几点：一是作者在第1句用了 the task一词，将摘西红柿看成是一项“任务”;二是作者在三个地方用了have to，表示摘西红柿不容易;三是作者还用了stand on my head, reach down and under…等夸张性用词，充分说明了摘西红柿的难度。比较四个选项，显然只有选项A最佳。
;F. 跪求一篇以西班牙的西红柿节为题的英语短文
西班牙每年有数不胜数的节日，在这个人民天性热情的国度里，节日是生命中不可或缺的元素。天性热情开朗的西班牙人，每逢节日都是倾力加盟，火一般尽情的狂欢场面，能调动任何人的感官享受。西红柿节，就是这样一场超级宣泄游戏。
它是西班牙一年一度的民间传统节日，被喜欢它的人们形象地称之为“番茄大战”。节日当天，成千上万的当地居民和外地游客脱掉上衣，奋力把透熟多汁的西红柿掷向其他人，游戏规则是西红柿必须捏烂后才能出手，以免打伤他人。当然，这样做也可以使西红柿更粘乎。很快，西红柿汁就在小镇的街道上形成了一条条没过膝盖的河流，而人们的身体和欢笑也都淹没在西红柿红色的海洋之中。
Spain has numerous annual festivals, the people in this country where the nature of a warm, holiday are an indispensable element of life. Nature of the Spaniards a warm, cheerful, holiday every effort is joining the fire all the rave scene in general, anyone who can mobilize the sensual. Tomato Festival, is such a super-vent Games.
It is the folk tradition of Spain's annual holiday, enjoy it people were vividly described as "tomato battle." Holiday that day, tens of thousands of local residents and tourists took off their T-shirt, struggling to diathermancy juicy tomatoes seen hurling others, the rules of the game are rotten tomatoes must pinch before hand to avoid injuring others. Of course, this would also help to make tomatoes even more sticky. Soon, tomato juice on the streets of town to form a section of the river did not have knees, and people's physical and laughter are also submerged in the ocean of red tomatoes.