关于园林艺术的英语阅读
① 园林 植物造景 艺术分析 用英语怎么翻译
The landscape garden is the oasis in a city and the open space with graceful environment. It provides citizens with not only recreational areas but also opportunities to get to know the society and nature as well as to enjoy the modern urban civilization. Perfect plant landscaping must combine scientificity with artistry; namely, in addition to meeting the annidation of plants and environment, it also should create beautiful appearance of plants both as indivials and as a group and arouse people’s nice imagination by means of artistic techniques.
园林：landscape garden； 植物造景：plant landscaping； 艺术分析：analysis of art
② 关于艺术的英语文章阅读范文欣赏
艺术是一个开放的、流动的体系,艺术的含义是变化的,没有固定不变的艺术规则。下面是我带来的关于艺术的英语 文章 阅读，欢迎大家阅读!
关于艺术的英语文章阅读篇一
生活的艺术The art of living is to know when to hold fast and when to let go.For life is a paradox: it enjoins us to cling to its many gifts even while it ordains their eventual relinquishment. The rabbis of old put it this way:”A man comes to this world with his fist clenched, but when he dies, his hand is open. ”
Surely we ought to hold fast to lift, for it is wondrous, and full of a beauty that breaks through every pore of God’s own earth. We know that this is so,but all too often we recognize this truth only in our backward glance when we remember what was and then suddenly realize that it is no more.
We remember a beauty that faded, a love that waned. But we remember with far greater pain that we did not see that beauty when it flowered, that we failed to respond with love when it was tendered.
Hold fast to life but not so fast that you cannot let go. This is the second side of life’s coin, the opposite pole of its paradox: we must accept our losses, and learn how to let go.
译文：
生活的艺术在于懂得什么时候追求，什么时候放弃。因为生活就是一个矛盾体：它要我们紧紧抓住它赐予我们的生命之礼，然后最终又让它们从我们手中跑掉。老先生们说：“人们紧握着拳头来到这个世界上，离开这个世界时却摊开了双手。”
当然我们应该紧紧把握生活，因为它美妙得不可思议，充满了从上帝的每个毛孔里蹦出来的美。我们都清楚这一点，但我们常常只有在回首往事时才会想去过去，才会突然意识到过去永远地消逝了，才会承认这个道理。
我们都记得美的褪去，爱的老去。但我们更痛苦地记得美正艳时，我们却没有发现，爱正浓时，我们却没有回应。
关于艺术的英语文章阅读篇二
科学与艺术
I beg leave to thank you for the extremely kind and apprieciative manner in which you have received the toast of science.It is the more grateful to me to hear that toast proposed in an assembly of this kind. Because I have noticed of late years a great and growing tendency among those who were once jestingly said to have been born pre-scientific age to look upon science as an invading and aggressive force, which of it had find its own way, it would oust from the universe all other pursuits. I think there are many persons wholook upon the new birth of our times as a sort of monster rising out of the sea of modern thought with thepurpose of devouring the Andromeda of art.And now and then a Perseus, equipped with the shoes of swiftnessof the ready writer, and with the cap of invisibility of the editorial article,and it may be with the Mesa head of vituperation, shows herself ready to try conclusions with the scientific dragon. Sir, I hope that Perseus should think better of it. First, for the sake of his own, because the creature is hard of head,strong of jaw,for some time past has shown a great capacity for going over and through whatever comes in his way; and secondly, for the sake of justice, for I assure you, of my own personal knowledge if left alone, the creature is a very debonair and gentle monster.As for the Andromeda of art, the creature has the tenderest respect for the lady, and desires nothing more than to see her happily settled and annually prucing a flock of such charming children as those we see about us.
But putting parables aside, I am unable to understand how any one with a knowledge of mankind can imagine that the growth of science can threaten the development of art in any of its forms. If I understand the matter of all, science and art are the obverse and reverse of the Nature's medal; the one expressing the external order of things, in terms of feeling, and the other in terms of thought. When men no longer love norhate; when suffering causes no pity, and the tale of great deeds ceases to thrill. when the lily of the field shall seem no longer more beautifully arrayed than the Solomon in all his glory, and the owe has vanished from the snow-capped peak and deep ravine, and indeed the science may have the world to itself, but itwill not be because the monster has devoured the art, but because one side of human nature is dead, and because men have lost half of their ancient and present attributes.
请允许我为你们如此友善和赞赏地为科学干杯而深表感谢。我尤其感激在这般友善的大会上来为科学祝酒。因为事实上近些年我确实发现有些戏称自己是在前科学时代出生的人，正在酝酿一股很强大而且日渐强大的倾向，将科学视为入侵和占领的势力，而且若假以时日，必将我们宇宙其他的事物驱逐出去。我想有很多人认为我们的时代是从现代头脑中爆发的怪物，目的就是要吞噬掉艺术的安德洛默达。时不时的，还有一位珀尔修斯，脚蹬写作快手之超速鞋，头戴社论文章之阴形帽，或许还安着充斥漫骂之词的“美杜沙之脑”威风凛凛，大有与科学之龙一比高下的气势。但是，各位绅士，我劝这位珀尔修斯先生三思而行。首先，为了他自己的安全着想，因为这怪物脑壳坚硬，口鄂强壮，从它过往的经历可以看出它所到之处，势如破竹，所向披靡，无人能拦，实不易对付。再者，为正义说句话，我可以向你们保证，以我愚见，只要放任不管，它还是一个温而文雅，无比绅士的怪物。至于艺术的安德洛默达，此怪物穷其所有的敬仰，别无他求，只希望看到她能够安居乐业，每年都能生一大群如我们所见的快乐迷人的小孩子。
不过撇去那些比喻，我实在不能理解那些有一点人文知识的人为什么会担心科学的进步怎么就会威胁到艺术的发展。依我所见，科学和艺术实乃大自然这枚圣牌的正反两面，一个以情感的方式表达了事物的外在规律，而另外一个则是一理性的方式。当人类不再爱，也不再恨;当苦难不再引起怜悯;当壮举不再让人激动，当山野的百合花还比不上所罗门的荣光，当雪山之巅和万丈深渊不再博得敬畏，那么科学是真的统治了这个世界。但是那不是因为怪物吞噬了艺术，而是因为人性的另一面已经死亡，而是因为人类已经失去了他们从古到今的天性。
关于艺术的英语文章阅读篇三
中国古代建筑艺术
Chinese architecture is an independent art featuring wooden structures. It consists of various roof molding, upturned eaves and wings, dougong with paintings, vermilion pillars and golden roofs, ornament gates and gardening. All of these embody the maturity and artistic appeal of Chinese architecture. 7000 years ago, mortise and tenon and tongue-and-groove were used in Hemu. The buildings of Banpo village had the division of antechamber and back rooms. Great palaces were built in Shangyin period. Bricks and tiles were used and the layout of Siheyuan emerged in the Western Zhou. There are even building drawings in Spring and Autumn and the Warring States periods passed down.
中国建筑体系是以木结构为特色阳的建筑艺术。传统建筑叫种屋顶造型、飞檐翼角、斗拱彩画、朱柱金顶、内外装修门及园林景物等，充分体现出中国建筑艺术的纯熟和感染力。七千年前河姆渡 文化 中即有桦卵和企口做法。半坡村已有前堂后室之分。商殷时已出现高大宫室。西周时已使用砖瓦并有四合院布局。春秋战国时期更有建筑图传世。京邑台栅宫室内外梁柱、斗拱上均作装饰，墙壁上饰以壁画。
In Qin and Han, wooden building tended to be mature graally. Complex buildings, like Epang Palace, were constructed. Temples and pagodas developed rapidly in the period of Weijin and Southern and Northern dynasties. Glass tiles used in Sui and Tang made the building more glorious. The city construction in the period of Five dynasties and Song was booming. Luxury restaurants and shops with lofts and railings were very beautiful. Many palaces and private gardens built in Ming and Qing are reserved today, which are more magnificent and stately than that of the Song Dynasty.
秦汉时期木构建筑日趋成熟，建筑宏伟壮观，装饰丰富，舒展优美，出现了阿房宫等庞大的建筑组群。魏晋南北朝时期佛寺、佛塔迅速发展。隋唐时期建筑采用琉璃瓦，更是富丽堂皇。五代、两宋都市建筑兴22，商业繁荣，豪华的酒楼、商店各有飞阁栏槛，风格秀丽。明清时代的宫殿苑固和私家园林保存至今者尚多，建筑亦较宋代华丽繁琐、威严自在。
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③ 苏州园林的英语导游词
苏州园林的英语导游词
苏州园林以山水秀丽，典雅而闻名天下，有“江南园林甲天下，苏州园林甲江南“的美称。那里既有湖光山色，烟波浩淼的气势，又有江南水乡小桥流水的诗韵。下面我收集了苏州园林的英语导游词，供大家参考。
篇一：苏州园林导游词
Just as there is paradise in heaven, there are Suzhou and Hangzhou on earth.
Suzhou, the famous historical and cultural city, is world-famous for a lot of extremely elegant gardens. Suzhou is located in the Yangtze River delta with a moist climate and convenient transportation. Public officials in the old times inclined to build gardens in Suzhou to spend their late years.
In the Ming and Qing dynasties, the feudalistic economy and culture in Suzhou reached its summit, leading garden art to maturity. A large number of garden artists came into being, causing the upsurge of the construction of gardens. During the prime time, there were 280 private gardens and courtyards in Suzhou，among which the well-preserved and opened to the public now a days are the Canglang Pavilion and the Wangshi Garden in the Song Dynasty, Shizilin in the Yuan Dynasty，Zhuozheng Garden, Yipu in the Ming Dynasty, Liuyuan, Ouyuan, Yiyuan， Quanyuan，Tingfengyuan in the Qing Dynasty, etc. Zhuozheng Garden，Liuyuan, Wangshi Garden and Huanxiu Villa are incorporated into the "World Cultural Heritage" in the late 1997 by UNESCO for their elaborate art and explicit characteristics.
The gardens in Suzhou are the "mountain forests in cities with natural beauty." with profound cultural implications. When people in the downtown enter the gardens，they would joy the beauty of the nature in the concentrated" natural world" with the changes of time and seasons, where, one spoonful of water means lake and one fist-size stone stands for a hill. People can" enjoy the beauty and quietness of the mountain forests and the pleasure of spring and brooks in the downtown."
The gardens in Suzhou are the "Gardens for man of Letters". The garden builders in the ancient times well-ecated. They could both write poems and draw paintings. The gardens based on the paintings and poems, look like vivid pictures through the ponds and hills and are regarded as "Soundless poems and three-dimensional paintings" Visitors wandering in the gardens feel as if they are appreciating a poem or a painting. In order to show the interests, temperament and ideals of the owners of the gardens，there are also tablets and couplets, such as "Yuanxiangtang which means the fragrance of the lotus symbolizing human character，"Xiangzhou" , which means the elegant sweet grass symbolizing noble temperament and "Huafangzhai", which describes the crave for the lives of the ancient people drifting like a boat, and "Zhenyi", "Xiao taoyuan" in Wangshiyuan，which reflect the longing of the garden owner for an idle life in the countryside, etc.
These inscriptions are integrated naturally and harmoniously into the archiectures, hills and rivers, flowers and trees in the garden, endowing them with far-reaching prospects. Accordingly , visitors can derive the enjoyment of beauty and the relish of soul when roaming in the garden.
译文：
上有天堂，下有苏杭。
苏州，中国著名的历史文化名城，素以众多精雅的园林名闻天下。苏州地处长江三角洲，地理位置优越，气候湿润，交通便利，旧时官宦名绅晚年多到苏州择地造园、颐养天年。
明清时期，苏州封建经济文化发展达到鼎盛阶段，造园艺术也趋于成熟，出现了一批园林艺术家，使造园活动达到高潮。最盛时期，苏州的私家园林和庭院达到280余处，至今保存完好并开放的有建于宋代的沧浪亭、网师园，元代的狮子林，明代的拙政园、艺圃，清代的留园、精园、怡园、曲园、听枫园等c其中，拙政园、留园、网师园、环秀山庄因其精美卓绝的造园艺术和个性鲜明的艺术特点于1997年底被联合国教科文组织列为"世界文化遗产"。
苏州园林是城市中充满自然意趣的"城市山林身居闹市的人们一进入园林，便可享受到大自然的"山水林泉之乐"。在这个浓缩的"自然界一勺代水，一拳代山园内的四季晨昏变化和春秋草木枯荣以及山水花木的季相变化，使人们可以"不出城郭而获山林之怡，身居闹市而有林泉之乐"。
苏州园林是文化意蕴深厚的"文人写意山水园"。古代的造园者都有很高的文化修养，能诗善画，造园时多以画为本，以诗为题，通过凿池堆山、栽花种树，创造出具有诗情画意的景观，被称为是"无声的诗，立体的画"。在园林中游赏，犹如在品诗，又如在赏画。为了表达园主的情趣、理想、追求，园林建筑与景观又有匾额、榷联之类的诗文题刻，有以清幽的荷香自喻人品(拙政园"远香堂") ，有以清雅的香草自喻性情高洁(拙政因"香州") ，有追慕占人似小船自由漂荡怡然臼得的(怡园"画肪斋") ，还有表现园主企慕恬淡的四园生活的(网师园"真意"、留园"小桃源")等等，不一而足。这些充满着书卷气的诗文题刻与园内的建筑、山水、花木自 然和谐地棵和在一起，使园林的一山一水、一草一木均能产生深远的意境，1尚祥其中，可得到心灵的陶冶和美的享受。
篇二：苏州园林导游词
The Humble Administrator's Garden (Zhuozheng Yuan)
The beautiful waterside City of Suzhou in Jiangsu Province in South China is most famous for its elegant classical gardens.Among these,the Humble Administrator's Garden,covering about 52,000 sq.meters (12.85 acres),is the largest and most renowned.Due to its unique designs and ethereal beauty,the garden has garnered many special honors.It is listed as a World Cultural Heritage site and has also been designated as one of the Cultural Relics of National Importance under the Protection of the State as well as a Special Tourist Attraction of China.Along with the Summer Palace in Beijing,the Mountain Resort of Chengde in Hebei Province and the Lingering Garden in Suzhou,it is considered as one of China's four most famous gardens.No other classic garden in the country has been honored more than this one.
The Humble Administrator's Garden was originally built in 1509 ring the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644).It was initially a private garden of a former government servant named Wang Xianchen.It was said he intended to build a garden after retired and just do some gardening work like planting trees and vegetables there,which was said to be the life of a humble man by him.Hence is the name of the garden.The garden was created upon the old relics of a resident and a temple.Water feature is the main background and its natural landscape includes small forests,hills and rock formations.It also has man-made pavilions,halls and parlors.Unlike the Grand View Garden and other famous gardens in Beijing,it is representative of the Ming Dynasty building style.
The garden consists of Eastern,Central and Western sections as well as some residences of the former owners.The resident houses are typical of the style of Suzhou Local Residences,whose feature can be seen in the famous water township Zhouzhuang not far from Suzhou City.The site of the residences has been rebuilt as the Garden Museum now.
Eastern Section
The Eastern Section is dotted with sheer hills,green grasses,dense bamboo and pine forests and winding streams.The main building is the Cymbidium Goeingii Hall (Lanxiang Tang).Its south wall has a panoramic map of the entire garden.Another impressive structure is the Celestial Spring Pavilion (Tianquan Ting),which gets its name from an ancient well inside whose water tastes very sweet.
Central Section
The Central Section is the truly elite part of the garden,with one-third of its area covered by water.It is lined with exuberant trees and elegant parlors.Pavilions and courtyards are clustered throughout.The Hall of Distant Fragrance (Yuanxiang Tang) is the main building that is named after a lotus pool nearby.When the summer comes the pool is filled with lotuses and the heady fragrance wafts into the building.The hall is designed with oversized glass windows on all sides for easy viewing.Nearby is the Small Flying Rainbow Bridge (Xiaofeihong),a rare type of bridge and the only one in the garden you can walk across.
Western Section
The main building in the Western Section is a stately and ornate hall which is divided into two by a massive screen.The south part is 18 Camellias Hall (Shiba Mantuoluohua Guan) and the north part is the 36 Pairs of Mandarin Duck's Hall (Saliu Yuanyang Guan).In a nearby pool where the cks were fed,stands an octagonal Pagoda Reflection Pavilion (Taying Ting); there is an optical illusion here - it appears as if a pagoda was lifting when all we actually see is the reflection of the pavilion.
In recent years,the Humble Administrator's Garden has been the site of many floral exhibitions.Every spring and summer,the garden hosts the Azalea Festival and the Lotus Festival.There are bonsai shows in the aptly named Bonsai Garden (Penjing Yuan) in the Western Section while precious Chinese stones are shown in the Elegant Stone House (Yashi Zhai) in the Central Section.
After touring the garden,you may want to visit Lion Grove Garden,a famous classical garden of a different style.Also,there are many museums nearby if you want to more deeply explore the gardening techniques and customs of Suzhou.
译文：
拙政园
位于江苏省苏州市美丽的华南城市，以其优雅的古典园林而闻名遐迩。占地约52000平方米（12.85英亩）的拙政园是最大，最知名的。独特的外观设计和空灵的.美丽，园内已获得许多特殊荣誉，被列为世界文化遗产，被列为国家重点文物保护单位和特色旅游景区与北京颐和园，河北承德避暑山庄，苏州留园一起，被认为是中国四大名园之一。全国其他经典园林还没有超过这个。
拙政园原为明朝（公元1368 - 1644年）建于1509年，最初是一位前政府仆人王先臣的私人花园，据说他打算退休后修建一个花园，做一些园艺像在那里种植树木和蔬菜那样工作，据说是他的一个谦卑人的生活。因此是花园的名字。花园是在一个居民和一个寺庙的旧文物创建的。水景是主要的背景和自然景观包括小森林，丘陵和岩石形成，还有人造的亭子，大厅和客厅。不像北京的大观园等着名园林，它是明代建筑风格的代表。
花园由东，中，西段以及原业主住宅组成。居民房是典型的苏州当地住宅，其特色可以在离苏州市不远的着名水乡周庄看到。现在的花园博物馆现在已经重建了。
东段
东段分布着陡峭的山丘，青草，茂密的松林和蜿蜒的溪流，主要建筑物是兰花堂，它的南壁有整个花园的全景图。另一个令人印象深刻的结构是天泉亭，它的名字来源于一个古老的水井，水的味道非常甜美。
中央部分
中央部分是花园的真正精华部分，其中三分之一的区域被水覆盖着，树木茂盛，高雅的客厅。庭院和庭院聚集在一起。远香堂（原香堂）是主楼以莲花池附近命名。夏天来临时，游泳池里充满了荷花，令人心醉神迷的香气飘进了大楼。大厅的四周都设计了超大玻璃窗，方便观赏。附近有小飞桥（Xiaofeihong），一种罕见的桥梁和花园里唯一一个你可以走过去。
西部
西区的主楼是一座华丽的大厅，由一个巨大的屏风分成两部分。南部是18座山茶馆（司马摩罗罗华馆），北部是36对鸳鸯馆（萨辽元阳在附近的一个鸭子池里，站着一座八角塔反射亭（Taying Ting）; 这里有一种幻觉 - 当我们真正看到的是一座宝塔正在反思的时候。
近年来，拙政园已成为众多花卉展览的场地，每年春夏两季，花园举办杜鹃花节和莲花节，在西方盆景园（盆景园）内有盆景表演在中央部分的优雅石屋（丫石寨）展示了宝石部分。
游览花园后，您可以参观不同风格的着名古典园林狮子园。如果您想深入了解苏州的园艺技巧和习俗，附近还有许多博物馆。
;④ 求个英语六级中国园林那套的阅读理解答案关于教学与专利的那套，目前网上没有，有没有大婶迅速响应的
【选词填空部分答案】
36 intentions
37 stems
38 permanently
39 delayed
40 simultaneously
41 asset
42 identified
43overwhelming
44 equivalent
45 underlying
【原文】
Quite often, ecators tell families of children who are learning English as a second language to speak only English, and not their native language, at home. Although these ecators may have good (36) intentions, their advice to families is misguided, and it (37) stemsfrom misunderstandings about the process of language acquisition. Ecators may fear that children hearing two languages will become (38)permanentlyconfused and thus their language development will be (39) delayed; this concern is not documented in the literature. Children are capable of learning more than one language, whether (40) simultaneouslyor sequentially(依次地). In fact, most children outside of the United States are expected to become bilingual or even, in many cases, multilingual. Globally, knowing more than one language is viewed as an (41) assetand even a necessity in many areas.
It is also of concern that the misguided advice that students should speak only English is given primarily to poor families with limited ecational opportunities, not to wealthier families who have many ecational advantages. Since children from poor families often are (42) identified as at-risk for academic failure, teachers believe that advising families to speak English only is appropriate. Teachers consider learning two languages to be too (43) overwhelming for children from poor families, believing that the children are already burdened by their home situations.
If families do not know English or have limited English skills themselves, how can they communicate in English? Advising non-English-speaking families to speak only English is (44) equivalent to telling them not to communicate with or interact with their children. Moreover, the (45) underlying message is that the family's native language is not important or valued.
不知道你说的是不是这个
⑤ 关于苏州园林的英语作文
The beautiful waterside City of Suzhou in Jiangsu Province in South China is most famous for its elegant classical gardens. Among these, the Humble Administrator's Garden, covering about 52,000 sq. meters (12.85 acres), is the largest and most renowned. Due to its unique designs and ethereal beauty, the garden has garnered many special honors. It is listed as a World Cultural Heritage site and has also been designated as one of the Cultural Relics of National Importance under the Protection of the State as well as a Special Tourist Attraction of China. Along with the Summer Palace in Beijing, the Mountain Resort of Chengde in Hebei Province and the Lingering Garden in Suzhou, it is considered as one of China's four most famous gardens. No other classic garden in the country has been honored more than this one. 答案补充 http://www.travelchinaguide.com/attraction/jiangsu/suzhou/humble_garden.htm
中学口语书上都有，找一本来，下次作文不用烦了
⑥ 帮帮忙，急需一篇有关园林专业的英语作文！！！
1月8日过了,我就是知道也帮不上了
⑦ 帮忙翻译一下这些英语 都是园林专业的英语
1． The urban designer is concerned with the space between buildings in an urban context and also needs to know about both architecture and landscape. 城市市区建筑物之间的空间是城市规划者所关心考虑的,同时他们也须了解建筑学和景观设计.
2． Chinese gardens(and their designers)had names,like any other work of art. 如同其它艺术品一样,中国的每一个园林(和它的设计者们)都有它自己的名字.
3． One of the most important elements of natural spontaneity in landscape design were garden rocks. 假山是景观设计中最重要的天然元素之一.
4． Chinese landscape designers also had to solve the antagonism of naturalness and style. 中国的景观设计者们必须解决自然和创作之间的和谐问题.
5． The creation of a professional landscape plan requires time,training,and talent.专业的景观规划的创作需要时间,相关培训和天赋.
6． Indivially the physical design elements of landscape architecture each have their own unique qualities and roles to fulfill in the outdoor environment.单个地讲,景观建筑中的每个实体元素都有其独一无二的特质,并且在整个户外环境中扮演独一无二的角色.
7． Landform is the base of the landscape.It is the one element that supports and unites all the other components of the environment.地形是景观的基础元素, 环境中所有其它的组成部分都是建立在其基础之上并通过它而相互融合的.
8． Plant materials provide the aspect of life in the landscape.植物是景观中的生命元素.
9． Specifications are a listing of the materials,quality standards,and time scheles,required to build a particular landscape.
所谓的说明书其实就是一个列有建造某一特定园林所需材料,特征,标准,以及时间表的清单.
10. It may also include an expiration date,after which the figures will no longer be honored because of their unreliability.也可以规定一个截止日期,到该日期后承建方将因为他们的不可靠性而丢掉承建合同.
11. It is the actual landscape that is represented on the paper that is important. 很重要的一点是,实际修建的景观和图纸上的必须是一致的.
12．The diameter of such a circleapproximates the plant’s spread an maturity. 这个圆的大小须大致相当于植物长大后扩展开的范围.
13.Labels should always be placed in close proximity to where the information is needed. 在需要提供相关信息的地方,必须在其很近的地方贴上相应的标签.
14.Making a sound analysis of people’s needs requires a thorough questioning of clients.对顾客进行考虑透彻的问卷调查后,方能对人们的需要进行完整的分析人.
⑧ 关于园林规划英语论文（本）
02 园林学
02.1 总论
2.0001 园林学landscape architecture, garden ar-chitecture
2.0002 造园学garden making, landscape garden-ing
2.0003 环境园艺学environmental horticulture
2.0004 观赏园艺学ornamental horticulture
2.0005 园林艺术garden art
2.0006 园林美学garden aesthetics
2.0007 园林建筑学garden architecture
2.0008 园林建筑garden building
2.0009 园林工程garden engineering
2.0010 园林植物landscape plant
2.0011 观赏植物ornamental plant
2.0012 盆景miniature landscape, penjing
2.0013 园林garden and park
2.0014 园林学史history of garden architecture
2.0015 园林规划garden planning, landscaping planning
2.0016 园林设计garden design
2.0017 园林机具设备gardening machine
2.0018 园林管理garden management
2.0019 园林生态landscape ecology
2.0020 绿化greening, planting
2.0021 环境绿化environmental greening
2.0022 绿地面积green area
2.0023 绿地率ratio of green space
2.0024 城市绿化覆盖率urban green coverage
2.0025 工厂绿化factory greening, factory garden-ing
2.0026 街道绿化street greening, street planting
2.0027 车行道绿化driveway greening
2.0028 分车带绿化dividing stripe greening
2.0029 人行道绿化sidewalk greening
2.0030 群众绿化mass planting movement
2.0031 郊区绿化suburban greening
2.0032 公路绿化highway greening
2.0033 铁路绿化railway greening, railway planting
2.0034 堤岸种植bank planting
2.0035 阳台绿化balcony greening
2.0036 窗台绿化window-sill greening
2.0037 屋顶绿化roof greening
2.0038 垂直绿化vertical greening
2.0039 攀缘绿化climber greening
2.0040 桥头绿化bridgehead greening花园garden
2.0042 专类花园specified flower garden
2.0043 花园村garden village
2.0044 园林城市landscape garden city
2.0045 蔷薇园rose garden
2.0046 松柏园conifer garden
2.0047 球根园bulb garden
2.0048 宿根园perennial garden
2.0049 假山园rock garden, Chinese rockery
2.0050 狩猎场hunting ground
2.0051 街心花园street crossing center garden
2.0052 小游园petty street garden
2.0053 水景园water garden
2.0054 铺地园paved garden
2.0055 野趣园wild plants botanical garden
2.0056 野生植物园wild plants garden
2.0057 乡趣园rustic garden
2.0058 盆景园penjing garden, miniature land-scape
2.0059 动物园 zoo, zoological garden
2.0060 墓园cemetery garden
2.0061 沼泽园bog and marsh garden
2.0062 水生植物园aquatic plants garden
2.0063 学校园school garden
2.0064 室内花园indoor garden
2.0065 芳香花园fragrant garden
2.0066 盲人花园garden for the blind
2.0067 公园park, public park
2.0068 城市公园city park, urban park
2.0069 区公园regional park
2.0070 儿童公园children park
2.0071 体育公园sports park
2.0072 森林公园forest park
2.0073 纪念公园memorial park
2.0074 烈士纪念公园martyr memorial park
2.0075 综合公园comprehensive park
2.0076 文化公园cultural park
2.0077 文化休憩公园cultural and recreation park
2.0078 中央公园central park
2.0079 天然公园natural park
2.0080 海滨公园seaside park, seabeach park
2.0081 古迹公园historic site park
2.0082 河滨公园riverside park
2.0083 湖滨公园lakeside park
2.0084 路边公园roadside park, street park
2.0085 娱乐公园amusement park
2.0086 雕塑公园sculpture park
2.0087 休憩公园recreation park
2.0088 疗养公园sanatorium park
2.0089 国家公园national park
2.0090 邻里公园neighborhood park
2.0091 特种公园special park
2.0092 植物园botanical garden
2.0093 植物公园 abeled plants park
2.0094 高山植物园 alpine garden
2.0095 热带植物园 tropical plants garden
2.0096 药用植物园 medical plants garden, herb garden
2.0097 绿地 green space
2.0098 公共绿地public green space
2.0099 单位绿地unit green area
2.0100 城市绿地urban green space
2.0101 街道广场绿地street and square green area
2.0102 居住区绿地residential quarter green area
2.0103 防护绿地green area for environmental protection
2.0104 郊区绿地suburban green space
2.0105 街坊绿地residential block green belt
2.0106 附属绿地attached green space
2.0107 生产绿地proctive plantation area
2.0108 苗圃nursery
2.0109 风景landscape, scenery
2.0110 自然景观natural landscape
2.0111 人文景观human landscape, scenery of humanities
2.0112 草原景观prairie landscape
2.0113 山岳景观mountain landscape, alpine landscape
2.0114 地理景观geographical landscape
2.0115 湖泊景观lake view
2.0116 郊区景观suburban landscape
2.0117 地质景观geological landscape
2.0118 喀斯特景观karst landscape
2.0119 植物景观plants landscape, flora landscape02.2 园林史
02.2.1 中国园林史
2.0120 中国古典园林classical Chinese garden
2.0121 中国传统园林traditional Chinese garden
2.0122 中国古代园林ancient Chinese garden
2.0123 中国山水园Chinese mountain and water garden
2.0124 帝王宫苑imperial palace garden
2.0125 皇家园林royal garden
2.0126 私家园林private garden
2.0127 江南园林garden on the Yangtze Delta
02.2.2 西方园林史
2.0128 西方古典园林western classical garden
2.0129 英国式园林English style garden
2.0130 中英混合式园林Anglo-Chinese style garden
2.0131 意大利式园林Italian style garden
2.0132 西班牙式园林Spanish style garden
2.0133 法兰西式园林French style garden
2.0134 勒诺特尔式园林Le Notre’s style garden
2.0135 文艺复兴庄园Renaissance style villa
2.0136 洛可可式园林Rococo style garden
2.0137 巴洛克式园林Baroque style garden
2.0138 庄园manor, villa garden
2.0139 廊柱园peristyle garden, patio
2.0140 绿廊xystus
2.0141 迷阵maze, labyrinth02.2.3 典型中西园林
2.0142 灵囿Ling You Hunting Garden
2.0143 灵沼Ling Zhao Water Garden
2.0144 灵台Ling Tai Platform Garden
2.0145 阿房宫E-Pang Palace
2.0146 上林苑Shang-Lin Yuan
2.0147 未央宫Wei-Yang Palace
2.0148 洛阳宫Luoyang Palace
2.0149 华清官Hua-Qing Palace
2.0150 艮岳Gen Yue Imperial Garden
2.0151 圆明园Yuan-Ming Yuan Imperial Garden
2.0152 颐和园Yi-He Yuan Imperial Garden,Summer Palace
2.0153 承德避暑山庄Chengde Imperial Summer Resort
2.0154 苏州园林Suzhou traditional garden
2.0155 悬园Hanging Garden
2.0156 英国皇家植物园Royal Botanical Garden, Kew garden
2.0157 凡尔赛宫苑Versailles Palace Park
2.0158 枫丹白露宫园Fontainebleau Palace Garden02.3 园林艺术
2.0159 景view, scenery, feature
2.0160 远景distant view
2.0161 近景nearby view
2.0162 障景obstructive scenery, blocking view
2.0163 借景borrowed scenery, view borrowing
2.0164 对景opposite scenery, view in opposite place
2.0165 缩景miniature scenery, abbreviated scenery
2.0166 漏景leaking through scenery
2.0167 框景enframed scenery02.5 园林设计
2.0325 园林设计师landscape architect, garden designer
2.0326 园址测量图garden site survey map
2.0327 地形图topographic map, contour map
2.0328 种植设计planting design
2.0329 地形改造设计topographical reform design
2.0330 种植大样图detail planting design
2.0331 造价分析cost analysis
2.0332 园林形式garden style
2.0333 规整式园林formal garden style
2.0334 非规整园林informal garden style
2.0335 几何式园林geometric garden style
2.0336 自然式园林natural garden style
2.0337 混合式园林mixed garden style
2.0338 近代巴洛克式园林modern Baroque style
2.0339 马克斯抽象园林R.B. Marx abstract garden
2.0340 园林区划garden area division
2.0341 园林分区规划garden block planning
2.0342 庭院花园courtyard garden
2.0343 前庭front yard, forecourt
2.0344 后庭back yard, rear yard
2.0345 中庭patio
2.0346 厨园kitchen yard
2.0347 沉[床]园sunken garden
2.0348 窗园window garden
2.0349 墙园wall garden
2.0350 宅园home garden
2.0351 台地园terrace garden
2.0352 冬园winter garden
2.0353 切花园cut flower garden
2.0354 屋顶花园roof garden
2.0355 后花园back yard garden
2.0356 园林地形改造topographical reform of garden
2.0357 土山earth piled hill, artificial mound
2.0358 假山rockery, artificial rockwork
2.0359 太湖石Taihu Lake stone, water modelled stone
2.0360 黄石yellowish brown stone
2.0361 人造假山石artificial stone, man-made stone
2.0362 孤赏石monolith, standing stone
2.0363 掇山piled stone hill, hill making
2.0364 叠石stones laying
2.0365 板石flag stone
2.0366 散点石scattered stone
2.0367 抱角石corner stone
2.0368 屋基石foundation stone
2.0369 排衙石guard stone
2.0370 屏石screen stone
2.0371 石岸rock bank
2.0372 石阶stone steps
2.0373 汀步stepping stone on water surface
2.0374 附壁石stone appended to wall
2.0375 石花台stone flower bed
2.0376 石凳stone bench
2.0377 假山石挡土墙rock retaining wall
2.0378 干砌石dry stone wall
2.0379 假山石楼梯rock stairway
2.0380 石亭stone pavilion
2.0381 石洞stone cavern
2.0382 石窟grotto
2.0383 置石stone arrangement, stone layout
2.0384 拱石arch stone
2.0385 拱顶石key stone
2.0168 尾景terminal feature
2.0169 主景main feature
2.0170 副景secondary feature
2.0171 配景objective view
2.0172 夹景vista line, vista
2.0173 前景front view
2.0174 背景background
2.0175 景序order of sceneries
2.0176 景点feature spot, view spot
2.0177 仰视景观upward landscape
2.0178 俯视景观downward landscape
2.0179 季相景观seasonal phenomena
2.0180 气象景观meteorological diversity scenery
2.0181 视野visual field
2.0182 秋色fall color, autumn color
2.0183 园林空间garden space
2.0184 开敞空间wide open space, wide space
2.0185 封闭空间enclosure space
2.0186 意境 artistic conception, poetic imagery
2.0187 苍古antiquity
2.0188 空灵spaciousness, airiness
2.0189 动观in-motion viewing
2.0190 静观 in-position viewing
2.0191 视错觉visual illusion
2.0192 园林艺术布局artistic layout of garden
2.0193 对称平衡symmetrical balance
2.0194 不对称平衡asymmetrical balance
2.0195 左右对称bilateral symmetry
2.0196 辐射对称radial symmetry
2.0197 透景线perspective line
2.0198 轴线axis, axial line
2.0199 主轴main axis 2.0200 副轴auxiliary axis
2.0201 暗轴hidden axis, invisible axis
2.0202 树冠线skyline
2.0203 园林色彩艺术art of garden colors
2.0204 单色谐调monochromatic harmony
2.0205 复色谐调compound chromatic harmony
2.0206 对比色突出contrast colors accent
2.0207 近似色谐调approximate colors harmony
2.0208 暖色warm color
2.0209 冷色cool color
2.0210 色感color sense