高考英语阅读理解中的推断题

1. 如何做高考英语阅读理解推断题

做高考英语阅读理解推断题，我个人的经验，三步：
1.迅速将整篇文章分解，理出文章结构；
2.迅速抓住文章叙述的主题；
3.迅速找出各部分的中心意思，并找出表达中心意思的句子。
做到这3步，基本上这篇文章不用逐字读完就可以答对接下来的题目。

先说一下，英语文章，尤其是用于考试的阅读文章，其结构都有非常明显的典型性，一般结构为主题段，论述段落，总结及结论段，乃至超长的毕业论文也不过是在这个大框架内。

以一篇文章5段为例：

一般第一段为主题段，也就是说，整篇文章要表达的主题一定会出现在这里，你要做的就是迅速把中心句找出来，一般来说，中心句会出现在倒数第2句或第1句，简单一点的文章会在第1句就出现，如果考题出得比较难，也可能需要自己总结，但就算需要自己总结中心句，也一定能在该段落中找出代表中心意思的词；

接下来第二、三、四段，各段将对第一段提出的主题意思进行论述或分步骤分析，也就是说，每个段落都会有进阶的主题，即个各分论点，所以你要做的同样是迅速把它们找出来，位置和方法相同；

最后一段为全文的总结，并会对结论进行进一步的分析，或做推测，或作评论，这也是一个出题点，你要做的就是抓住总结的主旨和对其进一步分析的结论。

当然并不会所有文章都是5段，例如有的主题段落会有2段甚至更多，论点段落可能只有2段或多达4段以上（但一般不超过3段），难一点的文章里每个分论点也可能不止一段，我这里只是以5段为例，解释的是文章的结构，或者说一般构成，通过这个规律可以迅速将文章进行分解，进而掌握各部分的要点。

下面分析一下出题要点，或者说出题规律（如果题不会出得很偏的话），以一篇阅读文5题为例，一般为1个主题、1个分论点、2个细节题、1个结论或对结论的分析、推测。

可见掌握文章主题、分论点及结论分析就可以答对3/5，这是不需要逐字逐句读完全文的，而2个细节题怎么办呢，就需要通过题目提供的信息迅速分析出其所在的分论点，然后回到该分论点段落找到与这题相符的句子，一般如果题出得简单的话会是原句照搬，难一点的话会换个表达方式，再难一点则会绕个圈设个陷阱，这就需要非常小心，一定要舍得多花2秒钟把这句话和前后两句反复阅读，挖出陷阱。这样的话5道题都可以迎刃而解了，这就叫针对性解题。

说一下我的阅读答题习惯吧，一般我第一时间会先看题，并且非常认真的理解每道题的意思，提取有用的信息，虽然一般并不容易只通过问题一下子就找出文章主题，但一定能找到跟主题有关的词和信息，并且至少知道文章是在讨论某个东西还是在叙述某件事，也就是说是议论文、说明文，还是叙述文，然后迅速按上面的三步走，这样带着问题扫读全文，连细节题也可以非常迅速的找出来，最后将问题一一对应，全部解决！

这些就是我一路考到专八的阅读题经验，方法交给你了，接下来就是多多练习，只有多练才能练到炉火纯青的地步，最后做阅读题简直是轻松+愉快！
好了，说了这么多，希望对你有所帮助！

2. 高考英语阅读理解题解题技巧详解

高考英语阅读理解题解题技巧详解

英语阅读理解题的难度在不断增大，考生们也大多知难而进。下面是我为大家带来的高考英语阅读理解题解题技巧，欢迎阅读。

一、四选一型阅读

高考阅读不同文体按照题型分类主要分为五大类：细节题、推理题、主旨大意题、词义句意猜测题、结构顺序题。

1、细节题解题技巧

细节题，顾名思义，就是指针对文章的某个细节而设置的试题。细节题的命题方法很多，如可能是对某个细节用同义结构转换后进行考查、也可能是将文章中的几个细节（通常是四个）放在一起要求考生判断是非（选出正确的一项或选出错误的一项）或对几个细节进行排序等。解答这类试题时，一个常用的方法就是运用定位法，即根据题干或选项中的线索词从原文中找到相关的句子，与选项进行比较从而确定答案（此时要特别注意一些常见的同义转换）。

现在围绕上述的定位理论，引申出几个小的技巧：

（1） 关键信息定位法。这个主要是细节题，如涉及到数字（日期、时间、价格等），就可以在文章中快速圈出数字，再找出目标数字及相对应的细节作息，还有人物姓名、地点名词等等，其他的还包括一些提示情节发展，或条纲性关键字眼，如First， Next， Finally等等。

As a young girl growing up in the 1930s， I always wanted to fly a plane， but back then it was almost unheard of for a woman to do that. I got a taste of that dream in 2011，when my husband arranged for me to ride in a hot air balloon for my birthday. （2011年高考英语北京A篇）

What happened to the author in 2011？

A. She flew an airplane

B. She entered a competition

C. She went on a hot air balloon ride

D. She moved into a retirement community

解析：此题属典型细节题，通过题干中的时间in 2011不难定位到文中粗体字部分，很容易可以锁定正解为C。

（2） 同义定位法。英文中可以用Paraphrase表示。同义定位就是指问题所用的关键词和文中的不一致，但属于同义性质，同义转换其实是在关键间的基础上拐了个弯。

He longs for conversations with an editor who will help him turn his good ideas into great ones. He wants someone to get excited about what he's doing and to help him turn his story idea upside down and inside out， exploring the best ways to report it. He wants to be more valuable for your paper. （2010年高考英语北京B篇）

What does the reporter want most from his editors in their talks？

A. Finding the news value of his stories.

B. Giving him financial support.

C. Helping him to find issues.

D. Improving his good ideas.

解析：此题属细节题，定位方式为同义定位法。题干中的talks和文章中conversations对应，而want most和longs for对应，这样不难得出答案为D。

小结：在阅读中，精准快速的定位加上正确的理解力才能保证做题的量与质。定位法是需要在做题的过程中有意识的培养的，做题的技巧也是可以总结的，关键是要自觉培养这种分析归纳和总结的意识以及能力。

2、推理题解题技巧

推断题定义：在理解原文字面意思的基础上，通过对语篇逻辑关系的分析和细节的暗示，做出一定的判断和推理，从而得到文章的深层意义及隐含意义的过程。

出现特征：在考题中经常出现的词有infer， imply， indicate， conclude， learn from， probably， most likely， prove /according to等。

She turned up at the doorstep of my house in Cornwall. No way could I have sent her away. No way， not me anyway. Maybe someone had kicked her out of their car the night before. “We're moving house.'； “No space for her any more with the baby coming.” “We never really wanted her， but what could we have done？ She was a present.” People find all sorts of excuses for abandoning an animal. And she was one of the most beautiful dogs I had ever seen.

How did the author feel about Goldie when Goldie came to the house？ （2010年高考英语北京A篇）

A. Shocked. B. Sympathetic. C. Annoyed. D. Upset.

解析：由题目得知：是考察作者的态度题。首先定位到文章作者的话语和行为，即

（1） No way could I have sent her away. No way， not me anyway.

（2） We never really wanted her， but what could we have done？ She was a present.“

（3） People find all sorts of excuses for abandoning an animal. And she was one of the most beautiful dogs I had ever seen.

可知作者对它是正的情感，排除C，D.再由作者对它的不舍，答案选B

3、主旨大意题解题技巧

Topic/Title型-使用逆推法

（1） 要在阅读原文基础上，仔细考虑选项是否与文章主题有密切联系

（2） 再看选项对文章的概括性或覆盖面如何

（3） 要注意题目是否过大或者过小

（4） 要避免下列三种错误

概括不够（多表现为部分代整体，导致范围过小）

过度概括（多表现为扩大范围）

以事实、细节代替抽象概括的大意。

Federal regulators Wednesday approved a plan to create a nationwide emergency alert （警报） system using text messages delivered to cell phones.

Text messages have been popular in recent years， particularly among young people. The wireless instry's trade association， CTIA， estimates（估计） more than 48 billion text messages are sent each month.

The plan comes from the Warning Alert and Response Network Act， a 2006 federal law that requires improvements to the nation's emergency alert system. The act tasked the Federal Communications Commission （FCC） with coming up with new ways to alert the public about emergencies.

“The ability to deliver accurate and timely warnings and alerts through cell phones and other mobile services is an important next step in our efforts to help ensure that the American public has the information they need to take action to protect themselves and their families before， and ring， disasters and other emergencies，” FCC Chairman Kevin Martin said， following approval of the plan.

Participation in the alert system by carriers -telecommunications companies is voluntary， but it has received support from the wireless instry.

The program would be optional for cell phone users. They also may not be charged for receiving alerts.

There would be three different types of messages， according to the rules.

The first would be a national alert from the president， likely involving a natural disaster. The second would involve “approaching threats”， which could include natural disasters like hurricanes or storms or even university shootings. The third would be for child abction （绑架） emergencies， or so-called Amber Alerts.

The service could be in place by 2010.（ 2008年高考英语山东卷B篇）

66. Which of the following would be the best title for the text？

A. Cell Phone Alerts Protecting Students

B. Cell Phone Alerts by Wireless Instry

C. Cell Phone Alerts of National Disasters

D. Cell Phone Alerts Coming Soon

解析：D。主旨大意题。第一段开门见山，提出将创建一个全国性的短信警报系统；最后一段重申主题，对这种新系统的未来进行展望。因此最准确的标题是D。A项错在protecting students；B项错在by wireless instry；C项错在National Disasters。

4、词义句意题解题技巧

要求考生通过阅读上下文，结合中学生应有的赏识来推测尚不熟悉的词或者词组的意思。出现特征：划线或者引号

解题方法之一：根据上下文，往往是本句中的同位关系进行猜测。

Weeks later， standing before this unfriendly mass， I was totally lost. Oh well， I lowered the paper and sat down at my desk， burning to find out what I had done wrong. As a classmate began his report， it all became clear， “My report is on George Washington， the man who started the American Revolution.” The whole world became quite！ How could I know that she meant that George Washington？

62. The underlined word “burning” in Para. 3 probably means _______.（2012年北京，B篇，62，答案D）

A. annoyed B. ashamed C. ready D. eager

解析：从burning这个词来说，意为“发热的，强烈的，燃烧的`”，后面紧跟动词词组“find out”说明在寻找时刻的心情是很紧张和急迫的，最后是一个宾语从句，是我曾经做错过什么，那么这个题目显然就是选择和“渴望的，热切的”词义，显然为D选项。

5、结构顺序题解题技巧

常见提问方式：

How is the passage organized？

Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage？

The author develops the passage mainly by….

解题思路：

（1） 注意主题段。主题段通常在文章的开头，简要概括文章的中心思想，

（2） 找出或者总结每段的主题句。主题句可能在段落的开头，也可能出现在段落的中间或末尾。如何确定主题句的方法见主旨题之main idea型。

（3） 最后根据每段主题确定段与段之间的结构关系，承上启下，使文章行文连贯，逻辑严密。为突出主题，作者可能采用不同的写作手法来组织文章，通过举例、比较、类比等手法来透彻阐明主题观点。

The Diet Zone： A Dangerous Place

Diet Coke， diet Pepsi， diet pills， no-fat diet， vegetable diet… We are surrounded by the word “diet” everywhere we look and listen. We have so easily been attracted by the promise and potential of diet procts that we have stopped thinking about what diet procts are doing to us. We are paying for procts that harm us psychologically and physically（身体上）.

Diet procts significantly weaken us psychologically. On one level， we are not allowing our brain to admit that our weight problems lie not in actually losing the weight， but in controlling the consumption of fatty， high-calorie， unhealthy foods. Diet procts allow us to jump over the thinking stage and go straight for the scale（秤）instead. All we have to do is to swallow or recognize the word “diet” in food labels.

On another level， diet procts have greater psychological effects. Every time we have a zero-calorie drink， we are telling ourselves without our awareness that we don't have to work to get results. Diet procts make people believe that gain comes without pain， and that life can be without resistance and struggle.

The danger of diet procts lies not only in the psychological effects they have on us， but also in the physical harm that they cause. Diet foods can indirectly harm our bodies because consuming them instead of healthy foods means we are preventing our bodies from having basic nutrients（营养成分）. Diet foods and diet pills contain zero calories only because the diet instry has created chemicals to proce these wonder procts. Diet procts may not be nutritional， and the chemical that go into diet procts are potentially dangerous.

Now that we are aware of the effects that diet procts have on us， it is time to seriously think about buying them. Losing weight lies in the power of minds， not in the power of chemicals. Once we realize this， we will be much better able to resist diet procts， and therefore prevent the psychological harm that comes from using them. （2008高考英语北京卷E篇）

75. Which of the following shows the structure of the passage？

解析：文章第一段点明节食产品在误导人们；第二段说明节食产品对人们心理上的影响；第三段说明节食产品误导人们认为不费劲就可以减肥，即对人们身体上的危害；第四段说明节食产品的危害；第五段说明人们应该慎重对待节食产品，故从文章结构上看应该是B项正确。

二、七选五型阅读

考生需要在语篇信息存在缺失的情况下，准确理解整篇文章，特别是设题部位前后句的逻辑关系，通过上下文的线索进行判断，预测下文，然后做出正确判断。

命题分析：我们如果把整篇文章看成一个信息群，这个信息群实际上是由两大信息版块构成的：

已知信息：原文在五处空缺之外的没有被挖掉的信息

待选信息：七个待选选项中的信息

这两个信息板块间绝不是孤立的，而是有紧密的互动逻辑关系，连起来是一篇完整的文章。

考试题型对学生的考察能力来看无外乎两个方面：

（1） 把握整篇文章的布局和逻辑层次关系

（2） 把握微观信息间关联性（即空格前后句间关系）

解题方法：词汇同现、词汇复现、代词妙用、数字线索、逻辑线索。

Muzak

The next time you go into a bank， a store， or a supermarket， stop and listen. What do you hear？ _____ （71） It's similar to the music you listen to， but it's not exactly the same. That's because this music was especially designed to relax you， or to give you extra energy. Sometimes you don't even realize the music is playing， but you react to the music anyway.

Quiet background music used to be called “elevator （电梯） music” because we often heard it in elevators. But lately we hear it in more and more places， and it has a new name “Muzak”. About one-third of the people in America listen to “Muzak” everyday. The music plays for 15 minutes at a time， with short pauses in between. It is always more lively between ten and eleven in the morning， and between three and four in the afternoon， when people are more tired.______ （72）

If you listen to Muzak carefully， you will probably recognize the names of many of the songs. Some musicians or songwriters don't want their songs to be used as Muzak， but others are happy when their songs are chosen. Why？ _____ （73）

Music is often played in public places because it is designed to make people feel less lonely when they are in an airport or a hotel. It has been proven that Muzak does what it is designed to do. Tired office workers suddenly have more energy when they hear the pleasant sound of Muzak in the background. _____ （74）Supermarket shoppers buy 38 percent more groceries.

_____ （75）They say it's boring to hear the same songs all the time. But other people enjoy hearing Muzak in public places. They say it helps them relax and feel calm. One way or another， Muzak affects everyone. Some farmers even say their cows give more milk when they hear Muzak！（ 2010年高考英语北京卷）

A. Some people don't like Muzak.

B. The music gives them extra energy.

C. Music is playing in the background.

D. Factory workers proce 13 percent more.

E. Muzak tends to help people understand music better.

F. They ge t as much as $4 million a year if their songs are used.

G. Muzak is played in most of the big supermarkets in the world.

答案：CBFDA

代词妙用：代词指代前面提到的thing， 所以只要找到与代词含义一致的词就可搞定。

71空格后面出现“It's similar to the music you listen to，”那么我们只要分析出其中的“it”的具体指代即可，通过题目及略读下文，我们很容易知道该文介绍一种音乐，而且第一段故作悬念，一直未给出其名字，所以我们只要找到选项中包含音乐一词而没有点名缪扎克一词的即可，很容易锁定BC选项，因为B项意义与下文相去甚远，故舍B取C没商量。

75空格后出现“They say it's boring to hear the same songs all the time.”，同理，我们就要确定“they”的具体指代，首先由于“say”的出现，我们锁定“they”为人的复数，所以轻松锁定ADF，所谓真金不怕火来炼，D显然逻辑不通，F由于其主语也为人，段落第一句永远不会出现意思不明的代词（we， you 除外，因为它们可以明确指代广义的人），故轻松排除F选出真金A。

72此题虽然不是明显的后文出现代词，但其前亦有代词出现，“It is always more lively between ten and eleven in the morning，”下文承接上文，肯定有联系，找出“it”的具体指代-the music， 轻松选出B项。（注：也可应用词汇复现法）

词汇复现法：情非得已时选择的一种方法，知道与前后文中有词汇重复的选项即可，有时也可指含义一致的词汇，如72

73前文中“but others are happy when their songs are chosen”有“their songs”， F项亦有相同词汇出现，放进去，意思通晓明白，搞定。

74后文中“Supermarket shoppers buy 38 percent more groceries.有”percent more“，D项亦有相同词汇出现，且意思连贯，选出即可。

72题中前句中出现”when people are more tired. “能够与”tired“相对应的四选项中只有”energy“，累了对应能量，亦可做出此题。

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3. 高考英语阅读理解中怎么分辨是词义题还是语义题

阅读有细节题，推断题，猜词义，概括大意几种。
1 细节题是送份的，就是原文中找，一定能找的着！切忌根据生活常识想当然。
2 推断题是根据文意自己理解出来的，这种题是原文中一定找不到的，所以题目中常常有原文的句子作干扰项，很多人一看这句话文中有就选了。。就错了！记住了，一定是推断出来的，原文中没有！
3 猜词义其实还不算太难，就是注重前后句，在文段中理解就还好。还有就是基本机会要过关，不然跟你的选项的词你都不认识怎么猜啊！对吧，就是比较用的普遍的形容词，不算太难。
4 概括大意有一点难度。主要要领就是要看他给的选项由那个能够概括第一段和最后一段。一定要选两段概括了的！一般有一个是很大很宏观的，一个是很具体的，这俩一定要先找出来，排除掉！
5一般还有一种体就是问你作者对文中叙事的事是什么态度，积极地，消极的，还是中立的什么的。这种就是看你对文章的理解了，没什么可说的。
哎哟，累死我了，这可是我牺牲了20分钟宝贵的高三时间一个字一个字打上去的，绝对是经验之谈，绝对可靠。希望对你有帮助。。加油咯

4. 英语常见的阅读推断题的做题方法及命名形式

做题方法介绍：

这种题目有一定难度，往往不能直接从文中找到答案，而必须根据上下文及其相互间的关系或对整篇文章进行深层理解后，才能找到答案。有时甚至还得联系作者的态度、观点、意图、语气等弦外之音、文外之意加以推理，这些题目一般都是深层意义的题目睁伏，他们没有明示，大多数属于模糊性的，甚悉告携至是模棱两可。解答这类题时，要求同学予以高度重视注意从友颂话题出发，充分运用自己的.逻辑思维能力，从文章的内在含义和字里行间中，从作者的态度和取向中获取信息，做出正确的判断，应特别注意以下特征。

1、吃透文章的表层意思，是推理的前提和基础；

2、推理的根据来自于上下文；

3、不能以自己的观点代替作者的观点；

4、在提问中常用的词有suggest,mean,infer(推断),from the fact,indicate(暗示) conclusion，probably，likely，reason，because，according to等。

推断题常有的命题形式：

(1) It can be known from the text that .?

(2) From the text we know that .?

(3) The story implies that .?

(4) The paragraph following the passage will most probably be .?

5. 归纳六种英语阅读推断题的设题方式

六种英语阅读推断题的设题方式：询问文章的主要思想或要点；询问文章中的特定细节；询问文章的语气或态度；询问因果关系；询问从文章中得出的推论或结论；询问文章的结构或组织方式。

了解英语阅读推断题的设题方式对作答有很多好处。这些方式帮助我们了解考试命题人想要考察的内容，从而使我们能够更好地回答问题；了解设题方式还能帮助我们判断题目的类型，并根据题目的类型使用相应的方法来回答，例如，如果我们知道题目是询问文章的主要思想或要点，我们就可以使用相应的方法来提取文章的关键信息，并概括出文章的主要思想或要点。

总的来说，了解英语阅读推断题的设题方式能够帮助我们更好地了解题目，并使用合适的方法来回答问题，从而取得更好的成旦衡绩。

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以下是这六种设题方式的详细介绍，希望这些模仿做信息对你有所帮助。

一、询问文章的主要思想或要点：

这类问题可能会问到文章的整体主题或信息，或者作者想要传达给读者什么。

1、示例：

• What is the main idea of the passage?（译：这段话的主要思想是什么？）

• What is the author trying to convey to the reader in this passage?（译：作者想通过这段话向读者传达什么？）

2、要回答这类问题，可以尝试以下方法：

（1）阅读整篇文章，提取出关键词和重点信息。

（2）根据关键词和信息提取出主要思想或要点。

（3）将主要思想或要点概括成一句话。

二、询问文章中的特定细节：

这类问题可能会问到文章中提到的特定事实或信息，或者关于特定单词或短语的含义。

1、示例：

• What does the phrase "to be in the doldrums" mean in this context?（译：在这种情况下，“处于低迷状态”一词是什么意思？）

• According to the passage, how many species of mammals are found on the island of Madagascar?（译：根据文章，在马达加斯加岛上发大档现了多少种哺乳动物？）

2、要回答这类问题，可以尝试以下方法：

（1）阅读整篇文章，注意关键词和重点信息。

（2）根据题目中的关键词定位到相应的段落或句子。

（3）根据题目的要求进行解释或回答。

三、询问文章的语气或态度：

这类问题可能会问到作者对某个特定主题的态度，或者文章的整体语气。

1、示例：

• How does the author feel about the topic being discussed in the passage?（译：作者如何看待文章中讨论的主题？）

• What is the overall tone of the passage?（译：全文的基调是什么？）

2、要回答这类问题，可以尝试以下方法：

（1）阅读整篇文章，注意作者的语言使用和措辞。

（2）注意文章中的修辞手法，如措辞、反问、讽刺等。

（3）根据文章中的信息和作者的语言使用判断作者的态度。

四、询问因果关系：

这类问题可能会问到文章中提到的不同事件或思想之间的关系，或者某些行动或事件的后果。

1、示例：

• What caused the stock market to crash in 1929?（译：1929 年股市崩盘的原因是什么？）

• What were the consequences of the Instrial Revolution?（译：工业革命的后果是什么？）

2、要回答这类问题，可以尝试以下方法：

（1）阅读整篇文章，注意文章中提到的事件和原因。

（2）根据题目的要求，分析因果关系并回答问题。

五、询问从文章中得出的推论或结论：

这类问题可能会问到从文章中提供的信息得出的结论，或者基于这些信息做出的推测或预测。

1、示例：

• What can we infer about the character of Mr. Darcy based on his actions in the novel?（译：根据达西先生在小说中的行为，我们可以推断出达西先生的性格是什么？）

• What predictions can we make about the future of the housing market based on the information provided in the passage?（译：根据文章中提供的信息，我们可以对房地产市场的未来做出哪些预测？）

2、要回答这类问题，可以尝试以下方法：

（1）阅读整篇文章，注意文章中提到的重要信息。

（2）根据文章中提到的信息，进行分析和推断。

（3）综合分析结果，回答问题。

六、询问文章的结构或组织方式：

这类问题可能会问到文章的组织方式，或者文章的不同部分之间的关系。

1、示例：

• How is the passage organized? Is it chronological, thematic, or some other structure?（译：段落是如何组织的？ 它是按时间顺序、主题还是其他结构？）

• How do the different sections of the passage relate to each other?（译：文章的不同部分如何相互关联？）

2、要回答这类问题，可以尝试以下方法：

（1）阅读整篇文章，注意文章的组织方式。

（2）分析文章的段落结构，看看每一段都在讲什么。

（3）分析文章的整体结构，看看整篇文章是如何构建起来的。

（4）根据分析结果回答问题。

6. 如何做高考英语阅读理解推断题

根据近几年高考英语推断题的考查情况，本文拟就对隐含意义的推断、作者观点的推断、写作目的推断以及材料出处的推断等四种典型的推断题类型进行分析。
一、如何推断隐含意义
1.推断隐含意义的提问方式 It can be inferred from the text that . according to…, we can infer that . From the text we know that …is most likely . When the writer talks about …, what the writer really means is . The writer suggests that . The story implies that . We can infer [conclude] from the passage that . 这类题干中通常常含有infer, suggest, imply, conclude, intend, purpose, be likely to…等标志性词语。
2. 干扰项的设置特点 在通常情况下，这类试题的干扰项具有以下特点：或是文章中直接用于表达细节的信息，或是文章中无关紧要或片面推出的结论，或是与文章内容完全相反的结论，或是不合常理或不合逻辑的结论等。
3. 答题误区 同学们在做类题目时，很容易误选文段中直接用于表达信息的选项或表示片面结论的选项。
4. 技巧点拨 一是要全面分析所有相关信息，切忌片面思考，得出片面结论。二是要忠实原文，切忌脱离原文，凭空臆断。三是注意不要选择表层信息答案，应该立足由已知推断未知。
5. 实例分析(江西卷)
A stronger argument comes from research into school results. Girls grow up earlier than boys, tend to be more orderly and are likely to be better at languages. In a mixed class, boys who might do well in a single-sex class become discouraged and take on the rule of troublemaker. Certainly in the UK this situation has greatly alarmed(惊动) the government for it to be encouraging co-ecational schools to have some single-sex classes. In the UK the best schools are all single-sex, strongly suggesting that co-ecation is not the best answer. This may, however, not be as simple as it looks. It may simply be that the famous old schools that attract the best students happen to be single-sex, rather than that being single-sex makes them better schools. ●At the end of the passage the writer suggests that ________. A. single-sex schools are the best schools in the UK B. being single-sex does not necessarily make a school better C. co-ecational schools are better for both sexes in personal development D. because boys cannot compete with girls in study, they go to single-sex schools
【解题思路分析】答案选 B。
作者在罗列In a mixed class, boys who might do well in a single-sex class become discouraged and take on the rule of troublemaker和In the UK the best schools are all single-sex等事实后，得出了It may simply be that the famous old schools that attract the best students happen to be single-sex, rather than that being single-sex makes them better schools这个结论。要做对上面这道题，正确理解文章末尾这句结论性的句子至关重要。这里尤其要注意句中的rather than这个关键性词语，它的意思是“而不是”，用于否定或排除其后引出的内容。故只有选项B最合适。
二、如何推断作者观点
1. 提问方式 The writer’s attitude toward… is______. The writer thought that______. according to the author ______.
2. 干扰选项 此类试题的干扰项通常具有以下特点：或是自己的某种看法或观点，或是社会的一种普遍种倾向，或是与本文无关或与作者相反的观点或看法等。
3. 答题误区 容易误选与自己的看法相吻合的选项。
4. 技巧点拨 注意作者在文中的措辞，尤其是表达感情色彩的形容词、副词、动词及所举的例子，才能推断出作者的弦外之音。
5. 实例分析(江西卷) Just as crying can be healthy, not crying—holding back tears of anger, pain or suffering—can be bad for physical(身体的) health. Studies have shown that too much control of emotions can lead to high blood pressure, heart problems and some other illnesses. If you have a health problem, doctors will certainly not ask you to cry. But when you feel like crying, don’t fight it. It’s a natural—and healthy—emotional response(反应). ●according to the author, which of the following statements is true? A. Crying is the best way to get help from others. B. Fighting back tears may cause some health problems. C. We will never know our deep feelings unless we cry. D. We must cry if we want to rece pressure.
【解题思路分析】答案选B。
作者在文章中说Studies show that too much control can lead to high blood press, heart problems and other illnesses，即过多地忍住情感(如忍住不哭等)有可能会导致健康问题。

7. 如何区分高考英语细节题与推理题

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5．图表图画题
在有图表图画的阅读理解中，有的图表图画出现在阅读理解文章中，有的出现在选项中，这些图片的出现增加了试题的直观性，同时也暗含着和文章内容相关的信息。在解答此类试题的时候，一定要把握图表图画所暗含的信息，特别是有些事实是通过图表图画来叙述的，我们可以采用按图寻找正确答案的方法。

eg：The chart shows that from 2005 to 2008， ．
A．the percentage of the Spanish families with a computer rose 35 points B．the percentage of the White families with a computer remained unchanged C．the number of the Black families with a computer was on the decrease
D．the number of the Asian families with a computer showed the sharpest increase 【易错点、易混点归纳】
细节理解题是阅读理解的主要题型，在近几年高考阅读题中占到60%～70%。针对这一题型，信息错位是考生经济犯的毛病。问题在于考生在紧张的考试过程中阅读不细，未找准题目所依据的事实。另外，长句难句也是阅读理解的一大障碍，考生对某些长句难句理解不透彻，造成歧义。再者，考生没有对干扰项回原文进行验证。因此，了解细节题干扰项的特点也有助于考生提高答题的正确率。一般情况下，干扰项有如下几个特点：
1．文不对题：选项中的描述与原文完全一致，确属原文信息，但不是题目要求的内容；
2．主观臆断：选项内容是根据主观想象或推测得出的结论，符合常识，但不符合文章内容；
3．偷换概念：把原来做某事的“张三”换成“李四”，所述细节确实与原文一致，一不小心就会误选。
4．将原文内容扩大或缩小：与原文的内容极其相似，只是在范围或程度上有些变动； 5．无中生有：在意思上与原文大相径庭甚至完全相反； 6．选项内容部分正确，部分错误。 【应对方法】 1．“逆向法”。先读题干和四个选项，再根据内容筛选、提取有用信息。读题的时候，要抓住题干中的关键词，然后带着关键词仔细阅读文章相关内容。
2．“排除法”。排除选项时，注意与原文的异同，特别注意中心词的限定语，如名词的定语、动词状语等是否与原文一致，选项中的动词时态是否与原文一致。
3．对长句难句的处理鹫分析句子结构，明确主体成分，剔队长细枝末节。

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推理判断题
1．细节推理题
抓住某一段话中的关键信息，即某些关键词或短语去分析、推理、判断、结合上下文或上下句推断出这句话所隐含的深层含义。在推断中，我们要严格依据作者所陈述的细节、事实，找出能够表露作者思想倾向和感情色彩的词语，然后利用自己已获得的相关知识进行推理判断，从而得出符合逻辑的结论。
（1）When she looked ahead，florence Chadwick saw nothing but a solid wall of fog．Her body was numb．She had been swimming for nearly sixteen hours．Already she was the first woman to swim across the English Channel in both directions．Now at the age of 34，her goal was to become the first woman to swim from Catalina to the California coast．
On that fourth of July morning 1952，the sea was like an ice bath and the fog was so dense．She could hardly see her support boats．Sharks cruised toward her figure，only to be driven away by rifle shots．Against the frigid grip of the sea，she struggled on，hour after hour，while millions watched on national television．
Alongside Flrence in one of the boats，her mother and her trainer offered encouragement．They told her it wasn’t much farther．But all she could see was fog．They urged her not to quit．She never had…until then．With only a half mile to go，she asked to be pulled out．
What does“she never had …”in the third paragraph mean？
A．She had never been so desperate． B．She had never thought of giving it up．
C．She had never seen such thick fog． D．She had never swum across the strait before． （2）Decision-thinking is not unlike poker—it often matters not only what you think，but also what others think you think and what you think they think you think．The mental process（过程）is similar．Naturally，this card game has often been of considerable interest to people who are，by any standards，good thinkers．
The great mathematician John von Neumann was one of the founders of game theory．In particular，he showed that all games fall into two classes；there are what he called games of“perfect information”，games like chess where the players can’t hide anything or play tricks；they don’t win by chance，but by means of logic and skills．Then there are games of“imperfect information”，like poker，in which it is impossible to know in advance that one course of action is better than another．
One mistaken idea about business is that it can be treated as a game of perfect information．Quite the reverse，business，politics，life itself are games which we must normally play with very imperfect information．Business decisions are often made with many unknown and unknowable factors（因素），which would ever puzzle best poker players．But few business people find it comfortable to admit that they are taking a chance，and many still prefer to believe that they are playing chess，not poker．
An important factor in a game of imperfect information is ． A．rules B．luck C．time D．ideas 2．推测文章的观点或结论

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推测文章的观点或结论的语言表达形式有：
（1）It can be inferred from the passage that ．
（2）What conclusion can be drawn from the passage？ （3）From the passage we can conclude that ．
这类问题问的不一定是全文的中心思想或作者的全部观点，而可能只是文章中的某一观点。但要推测出文中的某一观点，仍离不开对全文主要观点或中心思想的把握。

8. 高考英语阅读理解推断题怎么做

首先弄清楚题目意思，然后排除干扰项，切记不要直接选含有原文的句子，那可能会比较片面，还有，不要凭空乱想，凭主观臆造，不能光看表面

9. 高考英语阅读理解题型及解题技巧

高考英语阅读理解题型及解题技巧如下：
1、题型分类：主旨大意题，答题技巧：阅读理解文章多是议论文和说明文，这两种文体的结构可归纳为：提出问题——论述问题——得出结论或者阐明观点。对于这类文章，抓主题句是快速掌握文章大意的主要方法。
2、细节理解题，答题技巧：可直接找到相关细节，但需经过计算方可找到答案。
3、推理判断题，答题技巧：推断题是考查大家透过文章表面的文字信息进行分析、综合、归纳等逻辑推理的能力。推理和判断必须以事实为依据，切莫主观臆断。
4、词义猜测题，答题技巧：通过因果关系猜词通过因果关系猜词。专业老师在线权威答疑 zy.offercoming.com

10. 高考英语阅读理解推理判断题的解题技巧(2)

例 NMET2000年阅读理解B篇

59. The writer’s purpose in writing this story is ________.

A. to tell an interesting experience

B. to show the easiest way out of difficulty

C. to describe the trouble facing a newly married woman

D. to explain the difficulty of learning to cook from books

从原文中… As I was not experienced in cooking , I thought if a dozen was good , two dozen would be better , so I doubled everything .…I had been defeated , I put the dough in the rubbish bin outside so I wouldn’t have to face Doug laughing at my work , …I don’t know who was more embarrassed(尴尬)by the whole thing Doug or me. 可看出文章叙述了一位新婚主妇按烹调书做发面失败的尴尬经历。 但是全文充满了一种讽刺幽默的笔调, 文章最后一句带俏皮感，说明主人公心情并不沉重，而是感到有点好笑，所以答案应选A。作者写作目的是自述一次有趣的经历。选项B肯定为错误答案，因为它与本文首句(The easy way out isn’t always easiest)不合; D反映作者写作目的是解释从书本上学烹饪的困难，也不对，因为作者并未详细介绍主人公从书本上学烹饪是如何力不从心的; 主人公并不会天天面对这种烦恼，选项C为错误答案。虽然全文语境含贬义，但文章的言外之意需要读者对作者写作意图做深层挖掘,若不然就会被误导而作出错误判断。

4. 根据文章的结论推断作者的态度

作者态度、倾向是指作者对陈述的观点是赞同、反对还是犹豫不定，对记叙或描写的人、物或事件等是赞颂、同情、冷漠还是厌恶、憎恨。作者的这种思想 倾向和感情色彩往往隐含在文章的字里行间，或流露于修饰的词语之中。因此，在推断过程中，应特别注意文中作者的措辞，尤其是表达感情色彩的形容词。

例 Why isn’t your newspaper reporting any good news?All I read about is murder， bribery()，and death.Frankly，I’m sick of all this bad news.

This author’s attitude towards the newspaper reporting is to ______ .

A. complain B. apologize

C. amuse D. inform

解析 作者一是向读者说明这份报纸上只登载坏新闻，如凶杀和死亡等;二是在字里行间流露出自己的抱怨情绪 (对坏新闻厌恶透了)，故应选A。

5. 根据上下文的逻辑得出结论

逻辑结论是指严格根据文章中所陈述的事实、论点、例证等一系列论据材料进行推理，从而得出合乎逻辑的结论，而不是根据自己的经验、态度、观点或爱好去理解文章的内涵。做这类题时，应把握作者的写作思路，预测下文可能发展的内容。文章可按事件发展的经过描写，也可按因果关系, 对比关系来描写。

例 We are in the computer age.We often see computers at work.They are especially useful in automatic control，data processing(数据处理)and solving complicated problems.And they are finding their way into the home.The part played by computers is becoming even more important with each passing day.

More and cleverer computers will continue to appear.They will run faster，have more functions and work much more skillfully.They will take over more tasks from us，helping to change the face of our world.Some people even think that sooner or later computers will replace us.

However...

Which of the following statements will best continue the third paragraph?

A. Computers will soon stop developing.

B. Many people like computers very much.

C. Computers are as clever as man.

D. I do not think computers will replace us completely.

解析 本文采用了对比关系法来描写，前面描写了计算机的长处，但作者用However一词预示着将引出相反的观点，故答案为D。

6. 结合已有的知识进行推断

知识推断是根据文章中所阐述的细节，运用自己 掌握的基础知识进行分析、推敲，从而得出符合文章原义的结论的一种推断方法。知识推断题一般都是针对细节。解答此类题，不仅需要我们有一定的社会基础知识，而且还需要对细节以及有关背景知识有一个充分的理解。

例 NMET1996 A篇

53. After reading the story what can we infer about the hospital?

A. It is a children’s hospital.

B. It has strict rules about visiting hours.

C. The conditions there aren’t very good.

D. The nurses and doctors there don’t work hard.

解析 本文讲述了一位母亲采用拖地计谋混进病房探视女儿的故事。由常识可知医院内拖地并非医生 护士的工作，选项D不对。C项与文中的It’s a fine hospital意思相矛盾。A项依据不充分，女儿未必都是儿童。正确答案是B。文中I told her about the hospital rules, and she will not expect us until tomorrow. 则暗示此规章在探视时间上是严格规定的，而且在实际生活中我们都知道医院探视病人是有严格的制度的。