英语人文阅读赏析

⑴ 英语短篇文章赏析

英语短文写作是运用语言的尖端高级表达方式,英语短文表达地道流畅、正确透彻地表达观点。下面是我带来的英语短篇 文章 赏析，欢迎阅读!

英语短篇文章赏析1

Things My 25-Year-Old Self Would Like to Tell Me on My 50th Birthday**

25岁的我写给50岁的我

Don't try so hard to be respectable. Speak from your heart about what you truly believe, even if it makes you look naïve or sentimental.

不要太用力去得到社会的认可。倾听你内心真正相信的东西，即使这会让你看起来天真或伤感。

You can radically change your life when/if you need to. You don't need to keep doing what you have been doing, just because you are in the habit of doing it.

你可以彻底改变你的生活，只要你想去改变。你不需要因为习惯了做一件事，就继续做下去。

Being friendly and open to meeting new people in random places can lead to cool adventures and friendships. Don't get too comfortable in your present circles of acquaintances.

对在任何地方遇到的陌生人都抱着开放和友好的态度，可能会给你带来炫酷的经历和友情。别太陷在你现在的熟人圈子里。

You need way less money than you think to survive, stop obsessing about it, and just spend less.

生活必需的钱比你想象得要少得多，不要迷恋钱，少花就是。

It's OK not to know what you want to do for the rest of your life. Leave space for the completely unexpected to happen.

你不知道自己余生想做什么也OK，刚好为完全未知的事情留出空间。

God loves you even more because you are a bit of a freak. Don't hide your light under a button-down bushel.

如果你有一点疯狂，上帝会更爱你的。千万不要掩藏你的才华。

Leave your door without any purpose once in a while and see where the city takes you. Don't just stay on the path between your apartment, work and the gym.

偶尔毫无目的地出去走走，看看你生活的城市能带你去哪儿。不要固定在家、公司、健身房三点之间。

Hang out with your long-time friends more and contact those with whom you have lost touch. You don't seem to have as many friends as you used to.

多多与多年老友碰面，重新找到失去联系的朋友。因为你会发现自己没原来那么多朋友了。

Ambition is overrated. Stop trying so hard to be "successful."

抱负被抬得过高。不要费劲全力只为了所谓的“成功”。

It's a good thing to believe that a utopian society where everyone is treated with dignity and equality is possible and worth working for. Cynicism doesn't make you intelligent -- it just makes you cynical.

相信人人平等、有尊严的乌托邦社会可以实现，并愿为实现这一目标而努力是好事。但愤世嫉俗不会让你变聪明，只会让你变得愤世嫉俗。

Create art every once in a while. Even though you aren't particularly talented and nobody really loved your 'nude portrait under autumn leaves' the creative process is good for your soul.

偶尔搞搞艺术。就算你没有特别的才华，就算没有人欣赏你的“秋天落叶下的裸体自画像”，创造的过程也能美化你的灵魂。

The next time you hear yourself reminiscing about how you "used to do something," make a plan to do it. Studying dance, carving pumpkins for Halloween, and doing improv shouldn't all be thought of in the past tense.

下一次你再回忆起当年“做什么事”的时候，制定一个重新开始的计划吧。学跳舞、刻 万圣节 南瓜、即兴表演都不应该存在于过去式中。

Don't just give money, go volunteer somewhere so you can have direct interactions with people. Your life is too antiseptic and it is making you a bit boring.

不要只是捐钱，去某个地方做志愿者吧，这样你就可以和别人直接互动。你的生活太“防腐”了，你开始觉得有点无聊了吧。

You should be so crazy thankful that you found love with Brad. You spent a lot of time very lonely, never thinking you would find such an amazing guy. Don't let a day go by without remembering how fortunate you are.

找到另一半你绝对应该谢天谢地。你一个人那么久了，哪里会想到你会遇到这么好的人。活着的每一天都要记得你是多么的幸运。

Try a new sport! The routine of cardio and weights just to look decent is getting old. You were an athlete! Get back into swimming and sign up for the race across the East River or take up boxing.

尝试新的运动!有氧运动和举哑铃的惯例已经老套了。你以前可是运动员!重新开始 游泳 ，报名跨河跑步比赛，或是学学 拳击 吧。

When did you become such a preppy bore? You used to not be afraid to stand out and it wouldn't kill you to wear something a bit more fashion-forward once in a while.

你什么时候变得这么保守这么无趣?你曾经不怕引人注目的，你也曾偶尔穿上时髦前卫的衣服。

Your parents were there for you, even when you were going through rough times and, frankly, a bit of a brat. They need you now. You will never regret the time you spend with them.

你的父母过去一直支持你，即使在你经历最难熬的日子的时候，或是你淘气的时候。他们现在需要你。多和他们在一起，你永远不会后悔的。

Find ways to be alone in the woods or on the water by yourself. Don't forget how much you value solitude in nature.

想办法去一个人在森林里或在水上待着。别忘了你有多重视那份在大自然中的孤独感。

Find a group that has been formed within the last five years and buy a new CD.

找一个5年内成立的乐队，买一张他们的新CD。

Stop beating yourself up about mistakes that you have made. It's good to be self-critical, but you need to be compassionate as well.

别再为犯过的错自责了，自我批评虽好，但你也需要有同情心啊。

If you can be a parent to a child of your own then do it! You've always wanted to have a family. If that doesn't work out, be the best uncle to your nephews and nieces. They make you so proud.

如果你可以做父母，一定要做!你一直都想有个家。如果没做成，那就做侄子侄女的好叔叔好舅舅吧。他们都会让你骄傲的。

Value every day you have. At 25 I never thought you would live to be 50. Celebrate your life.

珍惜你的每一天。25岁的时候我从没想到你会活到50岁。庆祝你的人生吧。

英语短篇文章赏析2

“青年菜君”的魔法

Outside of Huilongguan subway station, Beijing, is a small shop called Mr Food that sells vegetables and meat. Many people who live in this most populous residential community stop by Mr Food to pickup groceries ordered online.

在北京，一出回龙观地铁站，就可以看到一家不大的蔬菜生鲜店，名为青年菜君。这个人口众多的社区里，有很多居民都会在此停留，提走他们在网上订好的菜。

Surprisingly, the shop’s founders are three 28-year-old sociology graates from Renmin University of China. Instead of founding a business related to their major, they founded one that addresses a market need.

令人惊讶的是，这家店的创始人是三个28岁的年青人，他们都 毕业 于中国人民大学社会学专业。他们并没有选择与自己专业相关的领域创业，而是依照市场需求起家。

Career shift

职业生涯的转变

Ren Mu, one of Mr Food’s founders, has worked as a public relations specialist at a Beijing-based company before setting up the new business. As a PR consultant, he often rode the subway to and from work. After pulling himself from the crowd at Huilongguan station, he often felt lonely and exhausted, missing the feeling of home-cooked meals prepared by his mother.

青年菜君的创始人之一，任牧，在创业前曾在一家北京公司担任公共关系顾问。那时，他常常坐地铁上下班，每每当他挤出回龙观地铁站时，他总是感到孤单而又筋疲力尽，怀念妈妈在家做饭时的感觉。

“After moving from Shandong to Beijing, the only inconvenience I ever felt was when I was deciding what to have for dinner,” he said. He’d often eat at a small restaurant nearby, but the food often didn’t taste good and was unsanitary. So, he decided to start selling his own ingredients.

他说，“从山东来到北京之后，唯一的不方便就是我会常常发愁吃什么。”他常常在附近的小饭馆解决晚饭，但是那里的饭菜既不可口又不卫生。于是，任牧决定自己卖菜。

Researching success

好调查是成功的一半

He came up with the idea for this new startup after a lot of trial and error. “I made several startup attempts, but none of them worked because of a lack of market research,” he said. So when he discussed this business idea with his partners. They made market research their first step.

在形成最终创意之前，任牧也有过很多失败的尝试。他说，“我曾几次尝试创业，但都因为缺乏市场调研而失败了。”所以当他与几位合伙人讨论这次的想法时，他们首先进行了 市场调查 。

For an entire week, Ren went to Xinfadi, Beijing’s biggest wholesale market for meat and vegetables, on a daily basis. “I wrote down the price of dozens of vegetables, while my two partners took note of prices at supermarkets and vegetable vendors,” he said. They compared their findings in order to make sure they put their groceries at the right price point.

整整一个星期，任牧每天都去北京最大蔬菜生鲜批发市场——新发地，他说，“我负责记录(新发地)各种蔬菜的价格，而另外两个合伙人则负责记录超市和蔬菜小贩那里的价格。”他们比较各自的价格，最终确定他们商店的蔬菜价格。

“The profit margin when selling vegetables is about 100 percent. Make it simple, if a vegetable is sold at 1 yuan per 500 g at Xinfadi, then it can be sold at 2 yuan per 500 g in the supermarket, and 3 to 4 yuan at vegetable vendors in residential areas,” he said.

任牧说，“买菜的利润率差不多100%，简单而言，就是如果某样蔬菜在新发地卖1块钱一斤，那么它在超市就可以买到2块钱，在社区蔬菜小贩那里就要卖3到4块钱。”

Targeted service

针对性服务

However, Ren and his partners faced another challenge — how they could compete with other vegetable vendors. They took aim at office workers, who want to eat healthy food yet have little time to actually cook.

但是，任牧与他的合伙人还要面对另一个挑战：如何胜过其他蔬菜商?他们将目标锁定在白领身上，这些人希望吃得健康却没有时间下厨。

“We do all the preparation for them, cutting vegetables and meat to ready-to-cook form,” Ren said. “If they don’t know how to cook and what to put in the dish, we even have packed vegetables and meat for certain dishes.”

任牧说，“于是，我们就为他们做好所有的准备，包括切菜切肉，让食材能立刻下锅。如果他们不会做饭，不知道某道菜要放些什么，我们甚至会根据特定的菜肴为他打包蔬菜和肉。”

Now with a concrete business idea and solid market research under their belt, Ren and his partners opened their first store in March and second chain store in April. In total, they have attracted thousands of frequent customers and over 10 million yuan from angel investors.

在扎实的市场调研并形成具体的创业方案之后，今年3月，他们的第一家店开业，4月，他们的第二家连锁店也开业了。他们不仅吸引了成千上万的老顾客，而且还获得了天使投资1000万的投资。

英语短篇文章赏析3

Life Comes in a Package

人生似旅行

Life comes in a package. This package includes happiness and sorrow,failure and success, hope and despair. Life is a learning process. Experiences in life teach us new lessons and make us a better person. With each passing day we learn to handle various situations.

人生好似一个包裹，这个包裹里藏着快乐与悲伤、成功与失败，希望与绝望。人生也是一个学习的过程。那些经历给我们上了全新的课，让我们变得更好。随着每一天的过去，我们学会了处理各种各样的问题。

Love. Love plays a pivotal role on out life. Love makes you feel wanted.Without love a person could go hayward and also become cruel and ferocious. In the early stage of our life, our parents are the ones who shower us with unconditional love and care, they teach us about what is right andwrong, good and bad. But we always tend to take this for granted. It is only after marriage and having kids that a person understands and becomes sensitive to others feelings.Kids make a person responsibleand mature and help us to understand life better.

爱。爱在生活之外扮演了一个关键的角色。爱使你想要得到些什么。没有爱，一个人将走向不归路，变得凶暴、残忍。在我们最初的人生道路上，我们的父母给予了我们无条件的关爱，他们教会我们判断正确与错误、好与坏。然而我们常常把这想当然了，只有等到我们结了婚并且有了孩子之后，一个人才会懂得并注意别人的感受。孩子让我们变得富有责任心、变得成熟稳重，并且更好的理解人生。

Happiness and Sorrow. Materialistic happiness is short-lived, but happiness achieved by bringing a smile on others face gives a certain level of fulfillment.Peace of mind is the main link to happiness. No mind is happy without peace. We realize the true worth of happiness when we are in sorrow. Sorrow is basically e to death of a loved one, failure and despair. But these things are temporary and pass away.

快乐与悲伤。物质上的快乐往往是短暂的，然而，当你给予他人一个微笑的时候，那种满足却是无与伦比的。心灵的平静往往是快乐的源泉。没有平和的心态就没有快乐的心情。在伤心的时候，我们往往能够体会到快乐的真谛。悲伤基本都来自于一个爱人的去世、失败还有绝望，但是这样的事情都是暂时的，总会过去的。

Failure and Success. Failure is the path to success. It helps us to touch the sky, teaches us to survive and shows us a specific way. Success brings in money,fame, pride and self-respect. Here it becomes very important to keep our head on out shoulder. The only way to show our gratitude to god for bestowing success on us is by being humble, modest, courteous and respectful to the less fortunate ones.

失败与成功。失败是成功之母。它让我们触及蓝天，它教会我们如何生存，它给予我们一条特殊的路。成功给予我们金钱、名誉、骄傲和自尊。这里，保持头脑清醒便显得尤为重要。唯一能让我们感激上帝给予的成功便是始终卑微、谦虚、礼貌并且尊重没有我们幸运的人们。

Hope and Despair. Hope is what keeps life going. Parents always hope their children will do well. Hope makes us dream. Hope builds in patience. Life teaches us not to despair even in the darkest hour, because after every night there is a day. Nothing remains the same we have only one choice keep moving on in life and be hopeful.

希望与绝望。希望是人生动力之源。父母总是希望自己的孩子能够做得很好。希望使我们有梦想。希望使我们变得有耐心。人生教会我们即使是在最困难的时候都不要绝望，因为黑暗之后终将是黎明。没有什么事是一成不变的，我们惟有充满希望地继续生活。

Life teaches us not to regret over yesterday, for it has passed and is beyond our control. Tomorrow is unknown, for it could either be bright or ll. So the only alternative is work hard today, so that we will enjoy a better tomorrow.

人生教会我们不要对过去的事感到后悔，因为过去的终究是过去了并且我们已无法控制。没人知道明天会是怎样，因为它可以是光明的同样也可以是无趣的。所以，唯一的选择便是在今天努力工作，这样才能让我们去享受更美好的明天。

⑵ 英语散文赏析之生命

英语散文赏析之生命

如果回归自然，各有不同的方式，后人总是尊重前人最后一次选择。一位朋友偶然讲起一件事，有如一篇小小说，听者动容。下面是我分享的张培基英译散文赏析之《生命》，欢迎大家阅读!

生命

Life

何为

He Wei

| 译文摘自张培基《英译中国散文选二》

如果回归自然，各有不同的方式，后人总是尊重前人最后一次选择。一位朋友偶然讲起一件事，有如一篇小小说，听者动容。

There are various ways of returning to nature, but people generally respect the last wish made by their parents towards their journey’s end. A friend of mine incidentally related to me the following occurrence which, like a little story, is very touching:

要点：

1，“前人最后一次选择”译者按”父母的临终愿望“之意译为the last wish made by their parents towards their journey’s end，其中one’s journey’s end意为“临终，生命的尽头”也可译为the last wish made by their parents towards the end of their life journey

2, “一吵卜位朋友偶然讲起一件事”译为A friend of mine incidentally related to me the following occurrence，其中relate 意为“讲述”其同义词有recount，recourse, speak of，occurrence指“发生的事情”比thing更加高端啊有木有~

3，“听者动容“即”令听者动容“或”令人动容“=touching

在新开发的丛林里，一条蜿蜒的小径上，一个衣着素色的女人踽踽独行，径直走向林子里的一棵树。这里许多树大小参差不空碰培一，有的移植不久，不过都长得很快。在一个时期内，都挺直有神。新生的树叶嫩绿有生机。当然，有人专门护理这些纪念树。

In a newly opened-up forest, a quietly dressed woman walked all by herself on a winding path straight towards one of the trees. There were many trees of varying sizes, and some had just been transplanted, but all were shooting up fast, standing straight and stout and covered with light green young leaves. Evidently, some people had been put in charge of these memorial trees.

要点：

1，“在新开发的丛林里，一条蜿蜒的小径上，一个衣着素色的女人踽踽独行，径直走向林子里的一棵树。“本斗唯句虽然是四个散句，表达的却是一连串的动作，因此可以调整顺序后将其整合为” 一个衣着素色的女人独自沿着蜿蜒的小径走向一棵树“译为In a newly opened-up forest, a quietly dressed woman walked all by herself on a winding path straight towards one of the trees.

2，“衣着素色的“译为a quietly dressed，此处的quiet意指”颜色素净，不显眼“;”踽踽独行“即”独自行走“=walked all by herself

3，shoot up意为“上冒，喷出，猛长“=spring up,更加生动形象地表现出树木那富有生机的生长状态~是一个值得借鉴的好词，

4，“有人专门护理这些纪念树“译为some people had been put in charge of these memorial trees。此处”专门护理“宜理解为”专门负责照顾这些树“，也可译为some person had been specially assigned to take good care of the memorial trees

综述：类似于shoot up这种生动形象的词我们之前也见过不少，比如put forth, sprout up/out~

不知多少年来，这个女人总是带着一束鲜花默默地置于树根旁，然后仰起头来，对着树身凝视，翕动着她独有的小小嘴唇，既像独语，又像倾诉。她退后一步，打量她这树高了多少，细心地除去树下斑斑驳驳的落叶，向这颗移植多年的树倾身拥抱，亲了一下，轻轻摩挲树皮的皱纹，如同面对一个有生命的躯体。不久，她依依不舍的转身离去，消失在暮色渐浓的秋天最后一抹余晖里。

As she had been doing for we don’t know how many years, the woman stood silently beside the tree with a bunch of fresh flowers in her hand. She raised her head to fix her eyes on the tree and kept moving her unique small lips as if she were soliloquizing or sharing her innermost feelings with someone. She took a step back to assess how much the tree had grown in height and softly removed the mottled fallen leaves under it. She bent forward to hug and kiss the tree that had been transplanted many years before, and gently stroked its wrinkled bark as if it were something alive. Then she reluctantly turned round and left, vanishing into the last rays of an autumn day in the deepening sk.

要点：

1，“不知多少年来“译为As she had been doing for we don’t know how many years,其中we don’t know how是插入语，用以表达原文的”不知“此从句也可译为”她这样做已经许多年了“即As had always been the case for many years或as she had been doing this for many years~在《我坐了木船》中也有类似表述——“跑了不知多少趟，总算有眉目了”译为After making you don't know how many visits, there eventually appear signs of positive outcome.其中的you don’t know how也是插入语，修饰many。

2，“翕动“即”不断地张合“故译kept moving

3，“依依不舍“一般都用reluctant来翻，如It the time to go back. We were fascinated by the scenery and reluctant to leave.该返回了，我们被这景色深深吸引住了，不愿离去。

综述：本段有很多文学性较强的词如“独语“”倾诉“”斑斑驳驳的“摩挲”“ 翕动”都是我们需要积累的哦~还是那句话：文学性很重要的一个体现就是在选词用词上~

一阵秋风吹过，树叶沙沙地响动，仿佛隐秘的私语。女人顿时回过身来，惟有她才能听懂私语的全部含意。于是喃喃自语向大树告诉。含着泪，走向她的归途。年复一年，小径上的女人孤独的背影，显得越来越苍老了。

At a sudden gust of the autumn wind, the tree rustled like it was whispering secretly and the woman, being the only person capable of understanding the full implications of the whisper, immediately turned round. Then, after mumbling a few words to the tree, she said goodbye to it and set out on her way home with tears in her eyes.As the years went by, the woman, a regular solitary visitor on the path, became older and older.

要点：

1，”一阵秋风吹过“即”秋风起“或”起了一阵秋风“，故译At a sudden gust of the autumn wind，其中at的含义是”由于“”作为对…的反应“

2，“树叶沙沙地响动，仿佛隐秘的私语“译为the tree rustled like it was whispering secretly and the woman.”沙沙地响动“=rustle,简洁生动~拟声词在文学翻译中的作用也是应该引起重视的.~

3，“.惟有她才能听懂私语的全部含意“其实隐含了”因为“这层关系，因此译为being the only person capable of understanding the full implications of the whisper

4，“小径上的女人孤独的背影，显得越来越苍老了“如果直接译为”背影变得苍老“会引起外国读者的困惑，因此可以按照”常见于小径上的那个孤独女人，显得越来越苍老了“，译为the woman, a regular solitary visitor on the path, became older and older.

综述：介词，拟声词，显示了译者扎实的语法功底和语言功底，惟有不断积累和运用才能成就的事业~

若干年后，这棵树长得更高大了，树冠缀满葱茏的树叶。它屹立在这片土地上，风吹来，满树充满生命的绿色更繁茂了。它对着苍穹，仰望太阳、月亮和星星的运行，与大自然亲密无间连成一片。

Several years later, the tree became even taller and was crowned with verdant foliage. It stood erect and became more and more luxuriantly green in the wind. It looked up at the firmament to watch the motions of the sun, moon and stars and thus merged itself with Mother Nature.

要点：

1，“风吹来“也是采用介词+名词的形式译为in the wind，置于句中，凸显句式的简洁~

2,”缀满“=be crowed with=be filled with，crowed 较filled更加生动

3，“与…连成一片”=merge oneself with

又过了些时候，靠近大树旁出现了一棵新移植的小树。小树很壮硕，也很安静。随着岁月递增，年长日久，大树和小树埋在泥土下的根茎错节，相互交织。两棵树下各埋着一个精致的小木盒，木盒里的骨灰，逐渐化为树根下的有机肥，融入树身内。两个老者相继以这样的方式回归自然，在大自然的怀抱中，生命得以延续。树上每一片小绿叶都蕴含着绿色的希望。这是真的，是一首歌颂树葬的诗篇。不用问他们是谁，是谁，就是谁。

Another period of time afterwards, there appeared close to it a newly transplanted small tree. It was robust and quiet. With the passage of time, the roots of the two trees had become twined together. They each had a delicate small wooden cinerary casket buried underneath them. The ashes in the caskets had graally turned into organic fertilizer passing into the trees trunks by way of the roots. The two elderly persons had successively chosen the same way of returning to nature so as to have life prolonged in the bosom of nature. Each tender leaf in the trees was pregnant with green hope. It’s a true story. It’s a poem singing the praises of tree burial. No need to identify the two elderly people though. It could be any person.

要点：

1，“根茎错节，相互交织”即“树根相互盘绕”即the roots of the two trees had become twined together.

2,” 两棵树下各埋着一个精致的小木盒”译为They each had a delicate small wooden cinerary casket buried underneath them. have done表被动~

3，“木盒里的骨灰，逐渐化为树根下的有机肥，融入树身内”即“木盒里的骨灰，逐渐化为有机肥，，通过树根，进入树身”译为The ashes in the caskets had graally turned into organic fertilizer passing into the trees trunks by way of the roots.by way of 已经粗线好多次了意同于through

4，“是谁，就是谁”即“可能是任何一个人”，译为It could be any person

综述：注意本段中式散句的翻译，有些句子直译会引起困惑，需要译者把握及整合其具体意思而后进行翻译~本篇文章短小而有有味道，文字清新且富有诗意，无论是赏析还是拿来做练习都是一种享受~

;

⑶ 外国名著经典英语段落赏析

《飘》的畅销盛况一度成为出版史上的一段佳话。下面是我带来的外国名著经典英语段落 ，欢迎阅读!

外国名著经典英语段落精选

Gerald had come to America from Ireland when he was twenty-one. He had come hastily, as many a better and worse Irishman before and since, with the clothes he had on his back, twoshillings above his passage money and a price on his head that he felt was larger than his misdeed warranted. There was no Orangeman this side of hell worth a hundred pounds to the British government or to the devil himself; but if the government felt so strongly about the death of an English absentee landlord’s rent agent, it was time for Gerald O’Hara to be leaving and leaving suddenly. True, he had called the rent agent “a bastard of an Orangeman,” but that, according to Gerald’s way of looking at it, did not give the man any right to insult him by whistling the opening bars of “The Boyne Water.”

21岁那年杰拉尔德来到美国。他是匆匆而来像以前或以后许多好好坏坏的爱尔兰人那样，因为他只带着身上穿的衣服和买船票剩下的两个先令，以及悬赏捉拿他的那个身价，而且他觉得这个身价比他的罪行所应得的还高了一些。世界上还没有一个奥兰治派分子值得英国政府或魔鬼本身出一百镑的;但是如果政府对于一个英国的不在地主地租代理人的死会那么认真，那么杰拉尔德·奥哈拉的突然出走便是适时的了。的确，他曾经称呼过地租代理人为"奥兰治派野崽子"不过，按照杰拉尔德对此事的看法，这并不使那个人就有权哼着《博因河之歌》那开头几句来侮辱他。

The Battle of the Boyne had been fought more than a hundred years before, but, to the O’Haras and their neighbors, it might have been yesterday when their hopes and their dreams, as well as their lands and wealth, went off in the same cloud of st that enveloped a frightened and fleeing Stuart prince, leaving William of Orange and his hated troops with their orangecockades to cut down the Irish adherents of the Stuarts.

博因河战役是一百多年以前的事了，但是在奥哈拉家族和他们的邻里看来，就像昨天发生的事，那时他们的希望和梦想，他们的土地和钱财，都在那团卷着一位惊惶逃路的斯图尔特王子的魔雾中消失了，只留下奥兰治王室的威廉和他那带着奥兰治帽徽的军队来屠杀斯图尔特王朝的爱尔兰依附者了。

外国名著经典英语段落阅读

For this and other reasons, Gerald’s family was not inclined to view the fatal outcome of thisquarrel as anything very serious, except for the fact that it was charged with seriousconsequences. For years, the O’Haras had been in bad odor with the English constabulary onaccount of suspected activities against the government, and Gerald was not the first O’Hara totake his foot in his hand and quit Ireland between dawn and morning. His two oldest brothers,James and Andrew, he hardly remembered, save as close-lipped youths who came and went atodd hours of the night on mysterious errands or disappeared for weeks at a time, to theirmother’s gnawing anxiety. They had come to America years before, after the discovery of asmall arsenal of rifles buried under the O’Hara pigsty. Now they were successful merchants inSavannah, “though the dear God alone knows where that may be,” as their mother alwaysinterpolated when mentioning the two oldest of her male brood, and it was to them thatyoung Gerald was sent.

由于这个以及别的原因，杰拉尔德的家庭并不想把这场争吵的毁灭结果看得十分严重，只把它看作是一桩有严重影响的事而已。多年来，奥哈拉家与英国警察部门的关系很不好，原因是被怀疑参与了反政府活动，而杰拉尔德并不是奥哈拉家族中头一个暗中离开爱尔兰的人。他几乎想不其他的两个哥哥詹姆斯和安德鲁，只记得两个闷声不响的年轻人，他们时常在深夜来来去去，干一些神秘的钩当，或者一走就是好几个星期，使母亲焦急万分。他们是许多年前人们在奥哈拉家猪圈里发现在一批理藏的来福枪之到美国的。现在他们已在萨凡纳作生意发了家，"虽然只有上帝才知道那地方究竟在哪里"----他们母亲提起这两个大儿子时老是这样说，年轻的杰拉尔德就是给送到两位哥哥这里来的。

He left home with his mother's hasty kiss on his cheek and her fervent Catholic blessing in his ears, and his father's parting admonition, “Remember who ye are and don’t be taking nothing off no man.” His five tall brothers gave him good-by with admiring but slightly patronizingsmiles, for Gerald was the baby and the little one of a brawny family.

离家出走时，母亲在他脸上匆匆吻了一下，并贴着耳朵说了一声天主教的祝福，父亲则给了临别赠言，"要记住自己是谁，不要学别人的样。"他的五位高个子兄弟羡慕而略带关注地微笑着向他道了声再见，因为杰拉尔德在强壮的一家人中是最小和最矮的一个。

外国名著经典英语段落学习

His five brothers and their father stood six feet and over and broad in proportion, but littleGerald, at twenty-one, knew that five feet four and a half inches was as much as the Lord in Hiswisdom was going to allow him. It was like Gerald that he never wasted regrets on his lack ofheight and never found it an obstacle to his acquisition of anything he wanted. Rather, it wasGerald’s compact smallness that made him what he was, for he had learned early that littlepeople must be hardy to survive among large ones. And Gerald was hardy.

他父亲和五个哥哥都身六英尺以上，其粗壮的程度也很相称，可是21岁的小个子杰拉尔德懂得，五英尺四英寸半便是上帝所能赐给他的最大高度了。对杰拉尔德来说，他从不以自己身材矮小而自怨自艾，也从不认为这会阻碍他去获得自己所需要的一切。更确切些不如说，正是杰拉尔德的矮小精干使他成为现在这样，因为他早就明白矮小的人必须在高大者中间顽强地活下去。而杰拉尔德是顽强的。

His tall brothers were a grim, quiet lot, in whom the family tradition of past glories, lost forever,rankled in unspoken hate and crackled out in bitter humor. Had Gerald been brawny, he wouldhave gone the way of the other O’Haras and moved quietly and darkly among the rebels againstthe government But Gerald was “loud-mouthed and bullheaded,” as his mother fondly phrasedit, hair trigger of temper, quick with his fists and possessed of a chip on his shoulder so largeas to be almost visible to the naked eye. He swaggered among the tall O’Haras like a struttingbantam in a barnyard of giant Cochin roosters, and they loved him, ted him affectionatelyto hear him roar and hammered on him with their large fists no more than was necessary tokeep a baby brother in his proper place.

他那些高个儿哥哥是些冷酷寡言的人，在他们身上，历史光荣的传统已经永远消失，沦落为默默的仇恨，爆裂出痛苦的幽默来了。要是杰拉尔德也生来强壮，他就会走上向奥哈拉家族中其他人的道路，在反政府的行列中悄悄地、神秘地干起来。可杰拉尔德像他母亲钟爱地形容的那样，是个"高嗓门，笨脑袋"，嬷嬷暴躁，动辄使拳头，并且盛气凌人，叫人见人怕。他在那些高大的奥哈拉家族的人中间，就像一只神气十足的矮脚鸡在满院子大个儿雄鸡中间那样，故意昂首阔步，而他们都爱护他，亲切地怂恿地高声喊叫，必要时也只伸出他们的大拳头敲他几下，让这位小弟弟不要太得意忘形了。

⑷ 中英互译的英语美文赏析

英语阅读 是初中学生 学习英语 的主要途径。因此,学生英语阅读理解能力的培养就显得尤为重要。下面是我带来的中英互译的英语美文赏析，欢迎阅读!

中英互译的英语美文赏析篇一
“孺子马”

An "Obedient Horse"

宋连昌

Song Lianchang

我的邻居老纪，是位消息灵通人士。每天下班，总要带回几条新闻：大至国内外大事，小到谁家夫妻吵架、婆媳不和……他发布新闻，是大家都在做饭的时候，地点自然以厨房居多。

My neighbor Lao Ji was well informed. Every day when he got off work, he would bring several pieces of news from big events at home and abroad down to Small strifes between husband and wife, or between mother-in-law and daughter-in-law. The tune far his news broadcast was usually dinner time, so the best place for it was naturally the shared kitchen.

这天，老纪进了厨房就说：“老王，你听说了吗?”“什么事?”“ XXX的儿子被逮了。”“噢!因为什么?”我停住手里的菜刀，惊愕地问。“还用说，犯法了呗!……”

One day, Lao Ji carte into the kitchen and said, "Lao Wang, haven't you heard the news?" "What?" "So-and-so's son has been arrested." "Oh? Why?" I asked in surprise, putting down the knife. "No doubt for an offense against the law.

“其实，那孩子小时候也蛮好，都是家长的过失。”老纪一边淘米一边说，“你没看，从小就质。孩子说要星星，大人不敢摘月亮。你想孩子小时不 教育 ，长大能好得了果不其然，以后骂人、打架、抽烟、喝酒全来了。”

The boy was quite a darling as a child. It was all his parents' fault." Lao Ji went on while washing rice. "He has been spoilt from childhood, you know. If the boy wanted a star, his parents would not dare to give him the moon. You see, if a child is not brought up properly from infancy, you cannot expect him to grow up in the right way, can you? Bad habits such as swearing, fighting, smoking and drinking are the consequences."

老纪的话简直够得上至理 名言 ，我不住地点头，并暗暗地为xxx惋惜，若是他早能听到老纪的“教诲”，也许不至于铸成今天的大错了。

What he said was indeed right and proper and I kept nodding in agreement while secretly sympathizing with spend-so. If he had heard Lao Ji's lecture, he wouldn't have committed such a grave mistake.

老纪讲着，已打点好饭锅，准备切菜。不知怎么“哟”了一声不说了。我回头一看，原来他的案板背上用粉笔胡乱地画着些什么。但老纪一眼就认出那是他六岁的儿子小光的手笔，他默然一笑：“这小子，准是从昨晚的内部电影上看来的。”说着他又细细地端详一阵，才不慌不忙地擦去。

Lao Ji had finished washing the rice and was preparing to cut the vegetables when he suddenly stopped short with an exclamation of “Oh!” I turned to am something scrawled in chalk on the hack of his cutting hoard. Lao Ji recognized his six-year-old son's drawing at one glance. He then smiled, "'that kid must have learnt this from a film he saw. It was a restricted film, not open to the public. “He stared at the picture for a while before slowly cleaning it off. Just then his son, Xiao Guang, rushed in with a long spear in hand. Seeing that his "masterpiece" was cleaned off, he flared up. "Why did you clean off my picture? What a beastly dad you are!" he tired, pointing his spear at Lao Ji.

刚巧小光手持长矛从外面冲了进来，发现自己的“作品”被擦了，立刻大闹起来：“你干吗擦我的画?臭爸爸!”哭喊着用长矛向老纪刺过来。老纪急中生智，抓起锅盖来自卫，口里不住地求饶：“别别，好孩子，听爸爸说，爸爸不是给乖乖做饭吗?不擦掉怎么切菜呀?等我用完，你再画……”

In desperation, Lao Ji took up the pot lid for self defense. He was begging his son, "Please, don't! There is a dear! Listen to your dad. Dad is preparing dinner far you. How can I cut vegetables without cleaning the drawing off? You can draw on it after I have done the cutting, can't you?"

!你赔我“不行!不行!”“那……爸爸明天给你买个画册。”“不，我不干，你赔我，你赔我!”“那么，过一会爸爸趴在床上当马，让你骑上玩打仗，好不好?”

"No! That won't do! You must make it up to me!" "Well, I'll buy you a drawing book tomorrow." "No. it won't do, either. I must get it right now!" "Well then, what if I serve as a horse on a bed while you ride an me and play being a knight?"

大概小孩子都爱玩打仗，小光这才住了手。可是这场“以子之矛攻父之盾”的战斗虽然结束了，紧接着又转人了“停战谈判”。小光提出马上就骑，老纪说：“爸爸现在正做饭，哪有工夫陪你玩?等吃完饭一定让你骑个够，撤谎是小狗。”小光仍然坚持己见，丝毫没有让步的意思。老纪搓着两手，忽然想起：“唉!对了，刚才爸爸又给你买来巧克力，你快去，要不都叫妈妈吃了。”“我不要吃，我要骑。”

This suggestion made Xiao Guang put his spear away, for he liked the idea as most boys did. Hardly had the battle between the sons spear and father's shield ended when an "armistick tale" began. When Xiao Guang demanded to ride the horse right then, Lao Ji replied. "I'm now preparing dinner. I'll let you ride on me to your heart's content after dinner. Is that okay? If I don't keep my word, I'll be damned!" But Xiao Guang wouldn't budge an inch. Lao Ji wrung his hands in the air out of desperation and started to think of a new idea. "Oh, yes! I've just bought a bar of chocolate. Run and get it right now, or Mum will eat it all!" "I don't want chocolate! I want to ride a horse..!"

谈判处于僵局，老纪正束手无策，老纪爱人出面调停了：“哎呀!你那么大人还跟孩子一般见识，饭晚点做怕什么，先让他骑一会不就完了?”

The quarrel came to a stalemate, and Lao Ji was at his wit's end when his wife came to make peace. "Look at you, dear! So childish! What does it matter if we have dinner a bit later than usual?

像在球场上双方发生争执时，裁判员一声哨令那样有效，老纪立刻回屋履行“孺子马”的义务去了……

Her words were like a whistle of a referee that settled the dispute immediately. Lao Ji instantly went back to his room to carry out his ty as an "obedient horse.”
中英互译的英语美文赏析篇二
小麻雀

A Little Sparrow

老舍

Lao She

雨后，院里来了个麻雀，刚长全了羽毛。它在院里跳，有时飞一下，不过是由地上飞到花盆沿上，或由花盆上飞下来。看它这么飞了两三次，我看出来：它并不会飞得再高一些。它的左翅的几根长翎拧在一处，有一根特别的长，似乎要脱落下来。我试着往前凑，它跳一跳，可是又停住，看着我，小黑豆眼带出点要亲近我又不完全信任的神气。我想到了：这是个熟鸟，也许是自幼便养在笼中的。所以它不十分怕人。可是它的左翅也许是被养着它的或别个孩子给扯坏，所以它爱人，又不完全信任。想到这个，我忽然的很难过。一个飞禽失去翅膀是多么可怜。这个小鸟离了人恐怕不会活，可是人又那么狠心，伤了它的翎羽。它被人毁坏了，而还想依靠人，多么可怜!它的眼带出进退为难的神情，虽然只是那么个小而不美的小鸟，它的举动与表情可露出极大的委屈与为难。它是要保全它那点生命，而不晓得如何是好。对它自己与人都没有信心，而又愿找到些倚靠。它跳一跳，停一停，看着我，又不敢过来。我想拿几个饭粒诱它前来，又不敢离开，我怕小猫来扑它。可是小猫并没在院里，我很快地跑进厨房，抓来了几个饭粒。及至我回来，小鸟已不见了。我向外院跑去，小猫在影壁前的花盆旁蹲着呢。我忙去驱逐它，它只一扑，把小鸟擒住!被人养惯的小麻雀，连挣扎都不会，尾与爪在猫嘴旁搭拉着，和死去差不多。

As soon as the rain stopped, a little sparrow, almost full-fledged, flew into the courtyard. It hopped, fluttered, darting up to the edge of flower pots and back to the ground again. Watching it move up and down a couple of times, I realized drat it could not fly any higher as the plumes on its left wing had got twisted with one sticking out as if about to come off. When I made an attempt to move closer, it jumped off a hit and stopped again, staring back at me with its small, black and bean-like eyes that had a mixed look of wanting to be friends with me and not being certain that I was trustworthy. It occurred to me that this must be a tame bird, having been caged since it was hatched perhaps. No wonder it was not much scared of my presence. Its left wing might have been impaired by some kid and that was why there was distrust in its look though it showed some intimacy with man. Suddenly I was seized with sadness. How miserable it was for a bird to lose its wings! Without someone taking care of it this small thing could not survive. But man had injured its wing. How cruel he was! Injured as it was, it still wanted to rely on man. How pitiable! The look in its eyes showed that She little creature was of two minds. It was small and by no means pretty, yet its gestures and expressions revealed that it had been wronged and landed in a difficult situation. It was anxious to keep its delicate life out of danger, but it did not know what to do. It had little confidence in itself and less trust in man, but it needed someone to rely on. It hopped and stopped, looking at me but too shy to come over. I thought of fetching some cooked rice to attract it, but I dared not leave it alone test it should be attacked by the kitten. As the kitten was not around at the moment, I hurried to the kitchen and cause back with a few grains only to find the bind missing. I ran to the outer yard and saw the kitten crouching by a flower pot in front of the screen wall. I hastened to drive her away but, with a quick jump, she caught hold of the bird. The tame sparrow, with its tail and claws dangling from the kitten’s mouth, did not even know how to struggle. It looked more dead than alive.

瞧着小鸟，猫一头跑进厨房，又一头跑到西屋。我不敢紧追，怕它更咬紧了可又不能不追。虽然看不见小鸟的头部，我还没忘了那个眼神。那个预知生命危险的眼神。那个眼神与我的好心中间隔着一只小白猫。来回跑了几次，我不追了。追上也没用了，我想，小鸟至少已半死了。猫又进了厨房，我愣了一会儿，赶紧的又追了去;那两个黑豆眼仿佛在我心内睁着呢。

With my eyes fixed on the bird, I watched the kitten run first to the kitchen and then to the ram at the west end. I was afraid to press hard after her, but I had to follow her in case she should tighten her jaws. Though the bird's head was not visible to toe, the look of anticipated danger in its eyes was vivid in my wind. Between its look and my sympathy stood that small white cat. Having run a few rounds after her I quit, thinking it was pointless to chase her like that because, by the time I caught her, the bird would have been half dead. When the cat slipped back to the kitchen again, I hesitated for a second and then hurried over there too. It seemed, in my mind's eye, the little bird were pleading for help with its two black bean-like eyes.

进了厨房，猫在一条铁筒—冬天升火通烟用的，春天拆下来便放在厨房的墙角—旁蹲着呢。小鸟已不见了。铁筒的下端未完全扣在地上，开着一个不小的缝儿，小猫用脚往里探。我的希望回来了，小鸟没死。小猫本来才四个来月大，还没捉住过老鼠，或者还不会杀生.只是叼着小鸟玩一玩。正在这么想，小鸟忽然出来了，猫倒像吓了一跳，往后躲了躲。小鸟的样子.我一眼便看清了，登时使我要闭上了眼。小鸟几乎是蹲着，胸离地很近，像人害肚痛蹲在地上那样。它身上并没血。身子可似乎是拳在一块，非常的短。头低着，小嘴指着地。那两个黑眼珠!非常的黑，非常的大，不看什么，就那么顶黑顶大的愣着。它只有那么一点活气，都在眼里，像是等着猫再扑它，它没力量反抗或逃避;又像是等肴猫赦免了它，或是来个救星。生与死都在这俩眼里，而并不是清醒的。它是胡涂了，昏迷了：不然为什么由铁筒中出来呢可是，虽然昏迷，到底有那么一点说不清的，生命根源的，希望。这个希望使它注视着地上，等着，等着生或死。它怕得非常的忠诚气完全把自己交给了一线的希望，一点也不动。像把生命要从两眼中流出，它不叫也不动。

In the kitchen I noticed the cat was crouching by a tin pipe which was installed as smoke ct in winter and dismantled in spring, at the corner, but the bird was not with her. The pipe leaned against the corner and, between its lower end and the floor; there was an opening through which the cat was probing with her paws. My hope revived: the bird was not dead. As the kitten was less than four months old, it had not teamed how to catch mice, or how to kill for that matter. It was merely holding the bird in its mouth and having fun with it. While I was thinking along these lines the little bird suddenly emerged and the kitten, taken aback, bolted backward. Tile way the little bird looked was so registered to me at the first glance that I felt like shutting my eyes immediately. It was virtually crouching, with its chest close to the floor, like a man suffering from a stomachache. There was no stain of blood on its body, but it seemed to be shrinking up into itself. Its head dropped low, its small beak pointing to the floor. Its two black eyes, unseeing, were very black and large, looking last- The little life left in it was al in the eyes. It seemed to be expecting the cat to charge again, with no strength to resist or run; or wishing that the cat would be kind enough to pardon it or that some saviour would come along to its rescue. Life and death coexisted in its eyes. I thought the bin must be confused or stunned, or else why should it have come out from the pipe? Stunned as it was, it still cherished some hope which, though hard to define, was the source of life. With that hope it gazed at the floor, expecting either to survive or die. I was so really scared that it became completely motionless, leaving itself all to the precarious hope. It kept quiet and still as if waiting for its life to flow out of its eyes.

小猫没再扑它，只试着用小脚碰它。它随着击碰倾侧，头不动，眼不动，还呆呆地注视着地上。但求它能活着，它就决不反抗。可是并非全无勇气，它是在猫的面前不动!我轻轻地过去，把猫抓住。将猫放在门外，小鸟还没动。我双手把它捧起来。它确是没受了多大的伤.虽然胸上落了点毛。它看了我一眼!

The kitten made no more attempts to attack it. She only tried to touch it with her little paws. As the kitten touched it, it tilted from side to side, its head undisturbed and its eyes looking blank at the floor. It would not fight back so long as there was a chance of survival. But the bird had not lost all of its courage; it acted this way only with the cat. I went aver light-footed, picked up the cat and put her outside the door, the sparrow remaining where it was. When I took it up in my hands and looked, it was riot seriously injured, though some fluff had come off its chest. It was looking at me.

我没主意：把它放了吧，它准是死;养着它吧，家中没有笼子。我捧着它，好像世上一切生命都在我的掌中似的，我不知怎样好。小鸟不动，拳着身，两眼还那么黑，等着!愣了好久，我把它捧到卧室里，放在桌子上，看着它，它又愣了半夭，忽然头向左右歪了歪用它的黑眼睁了一下;又不动了，可是身子长出来一些，还低头看着，似乎明白了点什么。

I had no idea what to do. If I let it go, it was sure to die; if I kept it with me, I did rot have a cage for it. I held it in my hands as if holding all the lives in the world, not knowing what to do. 'Me sparrow huddled up, motionless, its eyes as black as ever, still expectant. It remained that way for a long while. I took it to my bedroom, put it on the desk and watched it for a few moments. Suddenly it tilted its head Wit and then right, winking its black eyes once or twice, and became still again. By now its body seemed to have stretched a hit, but it still kept its head low as if it had understand something.
中英互译的英语美文赏析篇三
雄辩症

A Case of Eloquence

王蒙

Wang Meng

一位医生向我介绍，他们在门诊中接触了一位雄辩症病人。医生说：“请坐。”

A doctor once told me about one of his outpatients who suffered from the disease ofeloquence: "Please sit down," the doctor told him.

病人说：“为什么要坐呢?难道你要剥夺我的不坐权吗?”

"Why should I?" the patient asked. "Are you going to deprive me of my right not to sit down?"

医生无可奈何，倒了一杯水，说：“请喝水吧。”

The doctor could say nothing but offered him a glass of water. "Have some water then.”

病人说：“这样谈问题是片面的，因而是荒谬的，并不是所有的水都能喝。例如你如果在水里搀上氰化钾，就绝对不能喝。”

The patient retorted, “This is lop-sided talk, so it is absurd. Not all water is drinkable. If youput same potassium cyanide in it, it will be undrinkable. "

医生说：“我这里并没有放毒药嘛。你放心! ”

The doctor said, "1 didn't put any poison in it. Please rest assured."

病人说：“谁说你放了毒药了呢?难道我诬告你放了毒药?难道检察院起诉书上说你放了毒药?我没说你放毒药，而你说我说你放了毒药，你这才是放了比毒药还毒的毒药!”

"Who said you put poison in it? Do you mean to say that I am lodging a false accusationagainst you? Has it been written cat the indictment of the procurator that you have putpoison in the water? I didn't say you had put poison in it, but you claimed that I said you hadput poison in it. So you have indeed put in move poisonous poison against met"

医生毫无办法，便叹了口气，换一个话题说：“今天天气不错。”

The doctor could not but heave a sigh and switched to another topic, “It's fine today.”

病人说：“纯粹胡说八道!你这里天气不错，并不等于全世界在今天都是好天气。例如北极，今天天气就很坏，刮着大风，漫漫长夜，冰山正在撞击……”

The patient replied, "Nonsense! The fact that it is fine here doesn't mean that it is fineeverywhere else in the world. At the North Pole, for example, it must be freezing, with strongwinds, long nights and icebergs colliding with one another. . . "

医生忍不住反驳说：“我们这里并不是北极嘛。”

The doctor couldn't help but retorted, "Ibis is not the North Pole."

病人说：“但你不应该否认北极的存在。你否认北极的存在，就是歪曲事实真相，就是别有用心。”

The patient argued, “You can't deny the existence of the North Pole. If you do, you'll bedistorting facts with ulterior motives."

医生说:“你走吧。”

Finally the doctor begged him, "Please go away."

病人说：“你无权命令我走。你是医院.不是公安机关，你不可能逮捕我，你不可能枪毙我。”

The patient again answered back. "You have no right to order me to leave. Yours is a hospital,not a public security office. So you can't arrest me, nor shoot me to death. "

……经过多方调查，才知道病人当年参加过“梁效”的写作班子，估计可能是一种后遗症。

An investigation revealed the fact that this patient had joined the so-called “Lung Xiao” (Anorganization doing the Cultural Revolution that wrote the major articles which voiced theopinions of the Gang of Four. Here "Xiao" also implies "Loyalty to the Gang of Four.") writinggroup. What he was suffering from may have been the after-effects of that period.

⑸ 英语阅读课文本解读的四个层次

2020年4月20日 周一 晴

整理王辉霞老师第四次英语理想课堂的授课，获得两个基本的要点：关乎文本解读四个层次，第二是问题指导下的课堂活动设计。与大家一起，追随讲师的脚步，迈入理想的课堂境界。

课堂从点评第四次作业开始的。

一、优点：阅读课的样子：

预测”：题目匹配图片；

“略读”：概括段落大意或提取段落主题句、文章的脉络和重点，促进整理归纳分析；

“寻读”： 通过问题中的关键词（也叫路标词），找到确定段落或者某一行相匹配的信息，完成细节理解问题。；

“细读”：细读包括分段细读，逐段理解和选段精读，重点理解，看见文本深层含义和作者的写作意图；

概括总结：能精炼语言，概括段落主题和文章大意。

词汇猜测：联系上下文，和词汇前后句子成分，猜测生词意义。

2、呈现个人的思维，有自己的教学特色。

3、课堂环节完整，从读前的导入，读中引领，读后总结、练习、作业等，课堂结构比较完整。

4、有目标意识，课堂上的一切活动安排，一定是基于目标的设计，如果内容与目标割裂，可能就会背道而驰。但是如何来设定目标，是课堂最为关键的一环，需要我们深入文本分析再分析。

缺点：2.1、教学目标与学习目标相混淆。

要区分教学目标与学习目标的意义： 教学目标是老师在做教学设计时的方向标，指引课堂教学活动，教学检测与目标相一致。学习目标是学生在这一节课内要达成的学习高度、广度和深度。

二者的关系是相统一的，但是角色定位不同。假如我们进行优质课比赛，提交给评委的教学设计上面，就应该是教学目标；如果是在课堂上发给学生的导学案或者PPT呈现的，则是学习目标。

通常情况下，教学目标通常分为ABC三类目标，教学目标越细致越清晰，与之匹配的教学活动就越容易实施，课堂检测容易达成。学习目标则需要简化，最多不超过五个，三个为佳。通常不用ABC类标注，是为了让学生明确这节课学习的方向和标准。

有些老师的目标，满满的一页PPT，让学生会有负重感，感觉这节课要学那么多东西，心里就会有恐惧和压力。

假如我们是学生，我们看到PPT上面这样的学习目标，会做什么感想？目标起反作用了。大家再看这个目标：

1.能结合文章,理解下列词汇及短语的含义：fan ,success,laughter,beauty,record,southern, modern,  forever,abroad , country music , ever since, belong to , one another

2.找出课文三个段落的主题句，并划线标记出来。

3.能根据文章标题和图片，猜测文章大意。

4.能通过阅读，寻找关键信息，回答问题。

5.能运用关键信息，归纳文章大意能。

6.上网查阅收集有关乡村音乐更多的信息；能向身边的人介绍乡村音乐，能谈自己对乡村音乐的看法。

哪些不是目标？如何简化？先确认的是，这些不都是目标，内容与目标混淆。目标最为重要，目标是考查一个老师的学科综合素养的关键。

教师在教学设计里，教学目标分为ABC三类，是为了照顾到班里各个层次的孩子，做到心中有数。但是在PPT上或者导学案上给学生的目标，就应该简洁了。

2、确定教学目标和学习目标，可以借助企业目标管理的SMART原则。

1.目标必须是具体的（Specific）

2.目标必须是可以衡量的（Measurable）

3.目标必须是可以达到的（Attainable）

4.目标必须和其他目标具有相关性（Relevant）

5.目标必须具有明确的时间期限（Time-based）

有些东西，是能够打通的，当我们读了很多书的时候，就会发现，世界是个悖论体，也是一个统一体。通常是1-3最佳，特殊时候，可以多，但是不超5个。

3、目标的描述方式

 行为主语：who

行为动词：do

行为对象：what

行为方式：how

行为高度：what degree

Who will do what to get what degree under what condition.

(谁将通过怎样的途径做什么，以及达到什么样的学习高度。)

4、目标的描述语言

尽量不用“了解、理解、掌握”等模糊语言，多使用“能记住”“能说出”“会用…造句”“会读”等可检测的明确用语。如果教学目标，应该写成学生应该怎么样，学习目标的行为主语应该是“我”（学生）应该怎么样。

我们朝着这个方向走，并不是说苛刻到每个字词，何况有时候的目标是不容易界定的。知识技能目标还可以，情感态度价值观目标很难确定。

范例：教学目标：

A类目标:

1.通过Free talk 和师生问答活动，倾听感知以下单词和短语，并通过上下文猜测它们的含义。

country music(country), fan, success,laughter, beauty, record(n.&v.);belong ; southern, modern;

forever, actually; million; ever since,one another

2.会通过做笔记、划线,找到文本三个段落的主题句。

3.根据问题提示，能够通过寻读的形式找到问题答案。

B类目标：

1.通过文章题目和文中图片，猜测文章主题。

2.会说出文章段落大意，理解2b短文大意。

3.会根据找到的关键信息，用自己的语言总结短文（不多于100词）。

C类目标：

1.请“网络”了解更多“乡村音乐”，并了解它在美国南部的意义。

听并试着学唱一首“Take Me Home， Country roads.”感受它的美。

王辉霞: PPT上的学习目标：

Learningobjectives:

1.I can read the article and understand it through contexts （上下文）.

2.I can find out the topic sentences(主题句) in each paragraph and underline（划线） them.

Then I can say out the main idea of each paragraph(段落).

3.I can summarize the passage in my own words within 100 words.

大家看，教学目标很详细，出示在PPT上的目标就很简单明了。

2.2预习单问题：

这个预习单突显的是知识性的扫除阅读障碍，没有体现阅读策略的指导。这就是目前英语学科专家教授一直批评的教学方法。上一次研讨，大家对如何设计预习单感到困惑，实际上还是因为对语篇分析不够。预习单中的“预习”概念不是为了扫除课堂学习障碍而进行的课前学习，而是对课堂学习内容的一个全面学习、梳理过程。是学生自主完成学习任务的一个过程，是学生与文本之间的对话；学生独立学习任务，相互之间不交流、不沟通，要求使用双色笔，黑（蓝）笔作答，红笔标注不会或疑问处。预习单的设计，以及预习单的使用，是有要求的。

阅读课，使用导学案作为预习单很好。标注了“Before reading”“While reading”“Post reading”是为了好看，如果给学生看，可以更简化。导学案左手栏是学习内容（学什么），右手栏是学法指导（怎么学）和知识链接（不会怎么办）。

《人是如何学习的》这本书讲到任何学习，都是在已有知识上的迁移（新知在已有经验上的建构），这种迁移，有正迁移也有负迁移。让学生独学（做预习单），是为了老师们能够了解学生的已有知识中，哪些是与新知有联系、并能促进新知学习的，哪些是妨碍新知学习的；也为学生清楚自己的障碍点。教师了解了学生的前概念（已有经验），课堂活动侧重有了依据。

2.3活动设计问题。

安排活动比较多，内容之间重复。比如一个教师的热身活动，大致有10多张PPT，“活动是为教学内容服务的”，再好的活动，没有与学习目标匹配，也没有价值。 

问题类型单一，仅针对“是什么”提出问题。阅读课堂中的设问缺少层次，做不到有梯度，由浅入深，导致学生信息提取失败、思维断层，教学环节难以推动；

教学设计缺少主线，课堂环节没有条理，逻辑不通，导致学生对文本的理解支离破碎，对文本没有整体感知和整体把握；

最重要的是大部教师缺乏对文本的深层次挖掘和思考，信息整合过少，挖掘粗浅、思维缺失；对学生情感、态度和价值观的升华和引导只停留在知识层面。

还有一点是活动多完不成，就没有价值。但是，精简活动需要我们一步步的学科知识修炼提升。

二、分享王老师自己的课例。（两课时）

通常我们长篇Reading用两个课时完成

 第一课时，先从预习单来说。

Activity1. Discuss the following questions with a partner or in a group.

1:Do you have a favorite singer or band?

2.Do you have a favorite song?

3. What facts do you know about your favorite singer,band or song?

(Make conversations to have a freetalk.)

以上活动将为上课的Free talk做准备。

 这是书上2a内容，让学生以free talk形式展示

Activity2 .Look at the title of the passage and the picture in it ,please guess what the passage ismainly about.(B1)

A.The change of Sarah

B.Country music

C.Sarah

（将文字信息与相关图表提供的非文字信息联系起来，预测文章大意或者帮助理解语篇）

Activity3 .Read thepassage and circle the words that you don’t understandvery well.Guess the meanings from the contexts.(A1)

（与上一个任务相连，通过阅读判断第一个活动中答案是否正确，也为下一个活动做铺垫。圈住不会的词，上下文理解，记录然后课后查阅。）

 Activity4. Read thepassage and answer the following questions.Then take notes and  underline the main idea.(B2)

 1.Who is Sarah ? Whereis she from ?

2.Did she get on well with her familywhen she was a teenager? Why or why not?

3.What does she like now ? How has shebeen a fan of American country music?

4.What is country music? Where is itfrom?

5.What are differences between countrymusic and many songs these days?

6.What is Sarah’sdream? What has she done for the dream? Do you think her dream can come true?

7.Who is Garth Brooks? What do you knowabout him?

这个活动又是在上一个活动基础上进行的，大家看以上问题，大多是基于文本细节理解的题目。

 阅读的第一层次：（获取语篇信息，作者写了什么）

预习单里面的问题，通常是让学生完成，阅读的第一个层次“作者写了什么？”，预习单有什么作用呢？预习单的作用是，把学生一次又一次打入文本中，问题又不能太难，否则学生会撂挑不干了， 对，所以我们的预习单，就应该设计一些问题，让学生去从文本中找到问题答案。对老师来说，第一手资料，明确学生知道的，以及不知道的，还有知道的但是是错的。

Activity5 .Please find out more information about Country Music on the Internet.The following information can help you.(C)

这一活动设计到了文化知识方面的拓展学习。

 这是预习单的最后一个活动

下面进入“课堂篇”：

这个free talk很 容易输出，大家理解为什么吧？ 在导学单里面已经回答过，现在时口头表达，热身进入课题的学习。所以学生的学习，一定要有迁移的支架，不能悬空，只有这样，他们才“会”，“会是最好的兴趣”。

老师分享自己的音乐故事：

Xiao Beilou”sungby Song Zuying, And talk about what the lively song influenced her when she wasyoung.Tell Ss that singing this joyful song usually made her pleased whensomething bad happened.

然后问学生，他们有没有这样的生活体验，答案一定是有的，进入文本学习有了很好的铺垫，也能理解为什么一首乡村音乐改变了一个女孩。This activity helps to activate Ss’music experience .They can know about something magic about music after the

teacher’s story. And it can make them understand betterwhy Sarah changed because of Country Music.

(In this part, the teacher use the target words again and again

作用还不仅仅是为了贴近文本主题，而是为学习语言做铺垫，老师要一遍一遍的，重复使用目标语言，尤其是比较难以理解的目标语言。所以说，我们设计的活动一定要一箭多雕，这样活动才有价值，大家要懂得任何活动都是为了目标而服务的。活动不是独立存在的，有的老师的热身很好，学生也很喜欢，但是如果对文本学习没有益处，我们就要放弃使用。

This activity helps the teacher know what Ss’difficulties are. And solve them.

概括是思维的第一属性。什么叫概括，就是能够在认识问题的过程中舍去所有的非本质的现象，抓住事物的本质加以综合分析问题。

从思维特点上讲，概括是思维的首要特征。概括是思维品质的基础，是依据科学的出发点。有人问当年的达尔文，你取的成就来自于哪里，他说，来自于对整个生物的概括。This activity helps to make surethat  Ss can learn to summarize the mainidea.

王辉霞: 从教学实践上看，学习和应用知识的过程是一个概括过程，知识的迁移的实质，为什么知识能够应用，迁移，迁移的实质是概括。

 没有概括,学生不可能掌握知识、应用和学到知识，就难以形成概念。学生的知识结构认知和智能结构就没有办法形成，学生就很难形成学科能力。（河南名师谷占峰老师）

 概括的时候他是一个大脑最集中的活动，需要思维，思维品质是这次新课标改革添加的重要元素。

 阅读教学的第二个层次：作者为什么写。

（理解和分析事实与观点之间的逻辑关系；分析和阐释语篇中各组成部分的意图和关系；理解和推断作者写作意图和观点态度，即作者为什么写）

This activity helps Ss understand the detail information of Paragraph1 and guess the writer’s purpose.

 Q1 是文本浅层次的理解，Q2 就深入探讨作者的写作意图 激发学生进行深入的思考，明确文章及单元主题

 大家想一想，两个问题有没有层次？叙述了Sarah的故事，为了下文做全文总结，做铺垫，另外是通过这个分析，给学生渗透一些情感教育。

杜建梅: 王老师，浅层理解学生可以通过预习处理，为什么还要出现在此处呢？

学生在预习的时候，只看到问题的表象，答上问题，往往不会思考更深。

比如说以前和家人的关系，还有现在的关系，家人没有变，是Sarah变了，就这一点，能给学生什么样的教育呢？

 我们一定要用在手的材料，深度剖析，充分运用，体现文本的价值，这就是语篇学习的重要性

是什么激发了她的这种改变，是表层。 深化主题， 反思自我，重塑关系。

 “你有什么才能看到什么？你有什么才能怎么理解？”“改变别人，要先改变自己”“擦亮眼镜，一切都是美的”。

本部分还是“作者写了什么”环节，也是文章学习的重点。有三个超链接：

没有，在课前一下子出示这些铺垫性材料，而是放在学习中，在具体的语境中学习，加深学生对文文本的理解。在读的过程中，让学生体会乡村音乐的独特和价值，这时候学生最有兴趣去听，放在课前，学生没有前概念，不会太感兴趣。

训练学生总结概括能力，这也是本节课重点要培养的技能。同时，在学生总结的时候，除了学习the facts of country music的教师要引导学生学习country music与现代音乐的不同，即它的价值。（也是本节课情感渗透之一，情感教育是“润物细无声”，不是课堂结束时的贴标签式教育）。

如果想回答第一个问题，学生还要深入文本中，是对文本的反复阅读，才能概括。第二个问题的价值是什么？答案Yes与No都没有关系，培养学生思辨能力。理解和评价语篇反映的现象。第一问题是作者说了什么？第二个问题体现的价值是作者为什么这样写？属于批判型问题。批判型问题是指教师以训练和培养学生批判性思维为目的而设计的问题类型，也是指教师在学生准确理解文本的具体内容（内容型问题）和深层内涵（深度理解型问题）之后而设计的问题类型。

This activity helps Ss clear about what they’ve learned ,it  also  helps to build up their ability of summarizing. 是本节课的重点，要多花一些时间。指导学生列提纲，必要词汇的释义，然后总结概括，尤其是组内分享。

 How超链接了另一篇介绍乡村音乐的文章，大家看着两个问题，有什么想法？这两个问题又回到了文章的主旨。与学生的预习单第一题呼应。用另一篇介绍country music 的文章作比较，让学生了解作者的写作手法。

This activity helps Ss clear how the writer writes the article and what the purpose to write this passage .

阅读教学的第三个层次：作者如何写的；阅读教学的第四层次：你认为作者写得怎样？

The homework helps Ss to consolidatewhat they learned in this lesson. And it also prepares for the next lesson.

板书很简单，因为重心在文本分析上， 第一课时重点在文本的感知理解，要考虑如何用“关键词+大问题”串联课堂。什么是“大问题”？是能够让学生一次次深入文本，并且需要依据自我思考才能获得答案的问题。本篇文章前后呼应，层层递进，每个活动都不孤立存在，一个活动的完成是为另一个活动的开展。的分析通常采用了“总——分——总”，最后落脚到对主题的思考。

运用的是布鲁姆认知理论。

大家看free talk 内容，有什么感想？前后承接，有关联性

作品展示，是对上节课作业的反馈，提供好的写作范本。也是文本二次学习，也为本节语言点的学习奠定基础。

赏析语篇中使用的特定词汇、句式表达的效果，也是阅读教学的第四层次：你认为作者写得怎样。这个环节最受学生的欢迎，他们会说出句子中的知识点，比如固定搭配、连词运用、情感表达、或其他价值。每次阅读课我都非常重视这一环节，刚开始的时候，老师要示范引领，比如老师分享所喜欢句子的原因（多形态引领），学生会学着分享。如下面是是针对本单元语用的句子分享：

 对写作非常有帮助， 是教师借学生之口，讲出该讲的句子，重要的是学生再说，其他学生愿意听，学生说的又不一样，这样的话，把整个短文都分析的很透彻。

这个活动是基于词汇练习的，挖空处全部是生单词。单词学习最好以短语的形式，短语学习用句子的形式，而句子的分析是基于语篇整体。

课堂练习，上边是表达指代关系的代词。还可以是名词、动词、形容词、副词等。但是结合平时考试的分析，学生对实词（名、动、形、副、代）掌握还行，连词、介词、冠词的运用有困难。平时根据语篇特点，重点练习。

（多种练习形式，我是抛砖引玉，激发大家智慧，相信大家一定能够有更好的设计。）构建初中英语理想课堂，首先是必须是有高质量教学的课堂，没有教学成绩，一切都谈不上理想。

This activity makes Ss very clear what they’ve learned better, what they have not learned very well.

看这节课的板书，比上一节课板书有什么不同？想想背后的设计理念？上一节关注文本结构，这节课关注语言运用！

 基于学习目标

 上一节课重点文本感知，这一节课重点语言运用

重点语言知识的呈现，

上节课重在结构和意义，这节课是目标语言

语言知识

 重难点呈现，对学生掌握知识点大有益处

这些都是老师们应该思考的问题，上什么山唱什么歌，要与情境相符合。第二课时主要是对语言点的分析，不是通过教师讲，而是通过不同的训练让学生学习与掌握。需要注意一节课上的训练量是确定的，选择适当的题目形式，合宜的题量。不能太多，要突显“学生应该学什么”，而不是“学生都学什么”。