管理英语阅读判断题
❶ 职称英语综合类试题阅读判断备考题
阅读判断题
阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出了7个句子，请换根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选A;如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选B;如果该句的信息文章中没有提及，请选C.
They Say Ireland's the Best
Ireland is the best place in the world to live for 2005， according to a life quality ranking that appeared in Britain's Economist magazine last week.
The ambitious attempt to compare happiness levels around the world is based on the principle that wealth is not the only measure of human satisfaction and well-being.
The index of 111 countries uses data on incomes， health， unemployment， climate， political stability， job security， gender equality as well as what the magazine calls "freedom， family and community life".
Despite the bad weather， troubled health service， traffic congestion(拥挤)， gender inequality， and the high cost of living， Ireland scored an impressive 8.33 points out of 10.
That put it well ahead of second-place Switzerland， which managed 8.07. Zimbabwe troubled by political insecurity and hunger， is rated the gloomiest(最差的)， picking up only 3.89 points.职称英语培训
"Although rising incomes and increased indivial choices are highly valued，" the report said， "some of the factors associated with modernization such as the breakdown(崩溃)in traditional institutions and family values in part take away from a positive impact."
"Ireland wins because it successfully combines the most desirable elements of the new with the preservation of certain warm elements of the old， such as stable family and community life."
The magazine admitted measuring quality of life is not a straightforward thing to do， and that its findings would have their critics.
No. 2 on the list is Switzerland. The other nations in the top 10 are Norway， Luxembourg， Sweden， Australia， Iceland， Italy， Denmark and Spain.
The UK is positioned at No. 29， a much lower position chiefly because of the social and family breakdown recorded in official statistics. The US， which has the second highest per capita GDP(人均国内生产总值)after Luxembourg， took the 13th place in the survey. China was in the lower half of the league at 60th.
1 For 2，005 years， Ireland has been the best place for humans to live in.
A Right
B Wrong
C Not mentioned
2 Job security is the least important measure of life quality.
A Right
B Wrong
C Not mentioned
3 Cost of living in Ireland is pretty high.
A Right
B Wrong
C Not mentioned
4 Family life in Zimbabwe is not stable.
A Right
B Wrong
C Not mentioned
5 Ireland is positioned at No. 1 because it combines the most desirable elements of the new with some good elements of the old.
A Right
B Wrong
C Not mentioned
6 To measure life quality is easy.
A Right
B Wrong
C Not mentioned
7 The United States of America is among the top 10 countries.
A Right
B Wrong
C Not mentioned
【参考答案】1. B 2. C 3. A 4. C 5. A 6. B 7. B
❷ 雅思阅读题型讲解——判断题和填空题
雅思阅读 题型讲解——判断题和填空题
对于我们中国烤鸭来说，最好提升成绩的一项应该是阅读了！但是，也有不少烤鸭抱怨阅读题目做不完，不清楚每种题型该怎么做。顺序，乱序，什么鬼？所以，下面这篇文章中，为大家梳理一下阅读中的判断题和填空题都有哪些特点，以及对应的解题思路是怎样的。
一、判断题
雅思阅读考试中的判断题通常是很多烤鸭的难点所在，那么要想准确做对这一部分的题目，我们有必要了解一下判断题有哪些特点，比如N和NG的区别是什么，常设置的误区有哪些，这样才能有针对性地去解决。
1. 逻辑考察
雅思阅读非常注重考查我们对 文章逻辑 的理解，而判断题是考察文章逻辑关系最为集中的一种题型，主要涉及的逻辑关系有：因果关系，对比关系，时间顺序关系。
下面我们就看一下这“三种关系”的考查特点
A. 题目中的 因果关系 和原文是否一致，是否因果倒置。因此，若题目中出现诸如：because、since、e to、lead to、contribute to、thanks to、as（表原因）等词汇时，要分清楚题目中谁是因谁是果，然后判断是否和原文一致，从而得出结论；
B. 对比关系 中要注意两点：第一，张冠李戴，即，题目把文中A的特点描述成了B的特点；第二，文章内容和题干表述比较的程度是否有差异。
这就涉及到措辞，比如原文说A has now been slightly enlarged than 20 years ago. 但题目的描述为A is now 5 times bigger than it was two decades ago. 这里题目就偷换了slightly表明的含义，一般意义来讲，“5倍”是不会等同于slightly的，对不对？
C. 时间顺序 上要注意是否有顺序错误和时间对应的错误。只要判断题目中的顺序描述和时间是否与原文对应就可以。我们需要注意的是一些表示顺序的英语词汇，诸如initially、firstly、then、next等。
对判断题特征和常考点了解后，我们就继续分析Y/N/NG这三种情况。
2. 具体区分
Y：正确的情况主要有以下两种形式：a. 正确的表述是对原文的同义转换，即用不同的表达方式表达了同一个概念；b. 题目是对原文的归纳总结，即原文只进行描述性陈述，总结归纳出现在了题目中。
N：错误的情况相对较复杂，主要有下面这三种形式：
第一，题目对原文逻辑关系表述有错误，即因果、比较、时间顺序，正如上文所述；
第二，题目有用词上的错误，多数情况下是副词，如 unlikely 与 impossible 不能对等；
第三，比较，雅思阅读中除在“措辞”和“张冠李戴”上设置陷阱，还会有“同级比较”变为“有比较级的比较”，即，原文用了“as...as”（和.....一样....），而题目中出现了比较级。
例如：剑桥 5 的Jonhson’s Dictionary 中说道，他在那个时代的名气和现在一样大，而题目中变为了more renowned. 这就不对了。
第四、避免绝对性说法，如题中出现must，only，all，always，never等词，只要原文没有出现此类说法，就判断为错误。
NG：未提及的情况是最令人抓狂的一种情况，问题在于不好区分 NG 与错误，其实 NG 从本质上来讲就是题目所表达的信息未在文中提到，不好判断究竟是错还是对。大致上可以分为以下这三种情况：
第一、题目的描述句式中，但凡主谓宾中有一项是原文未提及的情况，就可判断为 NG；一般题目语句的主语可以在原文中见到，而后面的谓语、宾语等描述主语的内容往往在文中是找不到的。
第二、原文是对事实的描述（并没有比较），而题目中涉及了比较（一般是用了比较级）。这种情况要和“错误情况”中的“对比关系”里“同级比较变为有程度的比较”区分开。
第三、整个题目本身原文根本没提到。
二、填空题
雅思文章中考到的填空题主要有三种形式，分别是填表题、单个的填空题、summary题型，我们可以先看一下这三种形式。
1. 填表题
（1）图示
（2）解题方法
表格题直观、结构整齐，这种题目对应在文章中的内容通常也比较系统。带有这种题目的文章，大家第一时间就要去看题型，然后 阅读文章的首句，了解文章大概的结构 。接下来，大家需要 根据图表的标题或者比较醒目的已知信息找到在文章中的对应 ，最好是能在文章中找到和图表对应的框架性分类的信息，这样就好做多了。
2. Summary
（1）图示
（2）解题方法
这种题目虽然不像表格中看起来那么系统，但是其内部信息也是非常紧密的。大家可以看到这种填空题上面有一个明确的标题，就可以概括这一段的主要内容，而这一段内容在文章中通常对应着某一个段落或两个段落。
那么，如何确定他到底对应的是哪个段落呢？和我们上面讲到的一样，当你拿到一篇文章首先就要看一下题型，阅读文章每个段落的首句，知道每个段落大概主要讲些什么，这样再去结合题目的标题，就能很好地缩小范围，帮助定位。
3. 普通的填空题
（1）图示
（2）解题方法
这种题目的提示信息相对有限，但是这样的题目通常是出现在一篇文章的最后几个题。虽然我们没有办法准确定位，但是在雅思阅读中，这种填空题通常都是顺序的，而这几个题目整体上对应的文章内容会在已经完成题目的后面。完成了前面的题目之后，大家对当篇文章应该也有了很好的理解，这时，大家只要按照顺序在文章中找答案就可以了，通常题目都会比较紧凑。
以上就是有关雅思阅读考试判断题和填空题的题型及解题方法，你get到了吗？阅读可是最容易提分的哦，抓紧练习，上7冲8加油鸭！
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❸ 英语阅读理解技巧|如何做推理判断题
1.推理判断题是历届高考英语的命题集中点，包括判断和推理两个方面。属于深层理解题，一般难度较高，得分率较低，其比例约占30%—40%。
2.推理判断题要求在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上，做出一定的推理判断，从而得到文章的隐含意义和深层意义。推理判断题所涉及笑碰族的内容可能是文中的某一句话，也可能是某几句话，所以，推理题的答案只能是根据原文表面文字信息一步推出的答案：即对原文某一句话或某几句话所作的同义改写或综合。推理判断题的题干中通常含有infer, suggest, imply, conclude indicate等标志性词语。 这种题型主要包括细节判断题、态度观点推断题、写作意图推断题、文章出处判断题吵磨和猜测想象推断题。
3.常见的设问方式有：
推测作者写作目的或意图的设题形式有：
1) The purpose in writing this text is to __________.
2) The author writes this passage to __________.
3) The author in this passage intends to __________.
推测文章的观点碰弊或结论的设题形式有：
1) It can be inferred from the passage that __________.
2) What conclusion can be drawn from the passage?
3) From the passage we can conclude that __________.
推断文章出处的设题形式有：
1)The passage is most likely to be taken from_________.
2)Where would this passage most probably appear?
3)The passage is most likely a part of_________.
是非判断题的设题方式：1．which of the following is （not）true or false ?
2．All of the following statements are wrong except _____
3．All of the following statements are right/true except _____.
4．Which of the following is not mentioned in the passage /text?
逻辑排序题的设题方式：
Which of the following describes one’s logic in doing sth ?
Which of the following shows the correct order of what happened to …?
Choose the right order of the following events in …
❹ 职称英语综合A阅读判断模拟题
为了大家更好地备考2017年职称英语考试，yjbys网为大家提供了2017年职称英语综合A的试题相应练习。以下是阅读判断专项模拟题，大家可以多加练习。
American Sports
The United States is a sports-loving nation. Sports in America take a variety of forms:organized competitive struggles, which draw huge crowds to cheer their favorite team to victory;athletic games, played for recreation anywhere sufficient space is found; and hunting and fishing.
Most sports are seasonal, so that what is happening in sports depends upon the time of year. Some sports are called spectator sports, as the number of spectators greatly exceeds the number playing in the game.
Baseball is the most popular sport in the US. It is played throughout the spring and summer,and professional baseball teams play well into the fall. Although no other game is exactly like baseball, perhaps the one most nearly like it is the English game of cricket.
Football is the most popular sport in the fall. The game originated as a college sport more than 75 years ago. It is still played by almost every college and university in the country, and the football stadiums of some of the largest universities seat as many as 80,000 people. The game is not the same as European football or soccer. In American football there are 11 players on each team,and they are dressed in padded uniforms and helmets because the game is rough and injuries are likely to occur.
Basketball is the winter sport in American schools and colleges. Like football, basketball originated in the US and is not popular in other countries. Many Americans prefer it to football because it is played indoors throughout the winter and because it is a faster game. It is a very popular game with high schools, and in more than 20 states, state-wide high school matches are held yearly.
Other spectator sports include wrestling, boxing, and horse racing. Although horse-racing fans call themselves sportsmen, the accuracy of the term is questionable, as only the jockeys who ride the horses in the races can be considered athletes. The so-called sportsmen are the spectators, who do "not assemble" primarily to see the horses race, but to bet upon the outcome of each race.
Gambling is the attraction of horse racing.
1.Hunting and fishing are mainly favored by men, young and old, in the US.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
2.Professional baseball teams can continue to play for a long period of time in the fall after the regular baseball seasons of spring and summer.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
3.Baseball shares many features with the English game of cricket.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
4.Football can be classified as a spectator sport.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
5.Many Americans like basketball better than football because the latter is so harsh that players have to wear special uniforms.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
6.Basketball in American is so popular with universities that nationwide university matches are held yearly.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
7.Horse-racing fans cannot be considered sportsmen because they are spectators whose primary interest is gambling.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
答案解析：
1.C。题干：打猎和钓鱼主要受到美国男人、年轻人和老人的喜爱。题干中的核心结构huntingand fishing和并列结构men，young and old可作为答案线索，可发现答案相关句为首段第二句，但并没有提到men，young and old，所以选择C。
2.A。题干：职业棒球队在春天和夏天的赛季之后还可以继续在秋天打很长时间的球。题干中的关键词Professional baseball teams和the regular baseball seasons of spring and summer可作为答案线索，发现答案相关句为第二段首句。该句句意与问题句一致，该题主要是考查well into the fall(一直到秋季末)结构的含义。
3.A。题干：棒球和英国的板球有很多共同之处。利用题干中的线索词baseball和cricket寻找答案相关句：可以发现第二段第二句为相关句。该句的句意为“与棒球运动最接近的就是英国的板球”，与题干的.句意一致，选择A。
4.A。题干：足球是一种观赏类体育项目。利用题干中的关键词football和spectator sport找到答案相关句：第一段最后一句。该题考查考生的推断能力：既然最大的足球体育馆能容纳80 000名观众，那么根据spectator sports(观赏性运动)的定义，足球应该是spectator sports。
5.B。题干：与橄榄球相比，许多美国人更喜欢篮球，因为橄榄球比较激烈而且还要穿特殊的服装。将题干中的关键词basketball和football作为答案线索找到答案相关句：在第四段，可知美国人喜欢篮球是因为在冬天也可以玩，而且是速度类项目。题干句的说法与该相关句的说法不一致，故选B。
6.A。题干：美国的篮球在大学很流行，全国的大学每年都举办比赛。利用题干中的关键词Basketball进行定位，发现相关内容在第四段最后一句，故答案为A。
7.A。题干：赛马迷们不被认为是运动员，因为他们是观众，而且首要兴趣是赌博。将题干中的horse.racing fans作为答案线索找到相关句：题干在文章末段。根据相关句群的句意(赛马比赛的吸引人之处是赌博，赛马迷只是对赌博感兴趣)，可知题干的说法与这些相关句的说法一致，故选A。
❺ 英语阅读理解有几种题型
1.细节理解题：从文中找到对的或错的一项
2.推理判断题：从文章中你可以推回出什么
3.主旨大意题答：文章讲了什么？文章的题目，段落的大意
4.判断词义题：文中的生词是什么意思？
5.观点态度题：作者对于事件的态度？如怀疑，客观，支持，反对等
❻ 高考英语阅读理解推理判断题的解题技巧(2)
例 NMET2000年阅读理解B篇
59. The writer’s purpose in writing this story is ________.
A. to tell an interesting experience
B. to show the easiest way out of difficulty
C. to describe the trouble facing a newly married woman
D. to explain the difficulty of learning to cook from books
从原文中… As I was not experienced in cooking , I thought if a dozen was good , two dozen would be better , so I doubled everything .…I had been defeated , I put the dough in the rubbish bin outside so I wouldn’t have to face Doug laughing at my work , …I don’t know who was more embarrassed(尴尬)by the whole thing Doug or me. 可看出文章叙述了一位新婚主妇按烹调书做发面失败的尴尬经历。 但是全文充满了一种讽刺幽默的笔调, 文章最后一句带俏皮感，说明主人公心情并不沉重，而是感到有点好笑，所以答案应选A。作者写作目的是自述一次有趣的经历。选项B肯定为错误答案，因为它与本文首句(The easy way out isn’t always easiest)不合; D反映作者写作目的是解释从书本上学烹饪的困难，也不对，因为作者并未详细介绍主人公从书本上学烹饪是如何力不从心的; 主人公并不会天天面对这种烦恼，选项C为错误答案。虽然全文语境含贬义，但文章的言外之意需要读者对作者写作意图做深层挖掘,若不然就会被误导而作出错误判断。
4. 根据文章的结论推断作者的态度
作者态度、倾向是指作者对陈述的观点是赞同、反对还是犹豫不定，对记叙或描写的人、物或事件等是赞颂、同情、冷漠还是厌恶、憎恨。作者的这种思想 倾向和感情色彩往往隐含在文章的字里行间，或流露于修饰的词语之中。因此，在推断过程中，应特别注意文中作者的措辞，尤其是表达感情色彩的形容词。
例 Why isn’t your newspaper reporting any good news?All I read about is murder， bribery()，and death.Frankly，I’m sick of all this bad news.
This author’s attitude towards the newspaper reporting is to ______ .
A. complain B. apologize
C. amuse D. inform
解析 作者一是向读者说明这份报纸上只登载坏新闻，如凶杀和死亡等;二是在字里行间流露出自己的抱怨情绪 (对坏新闻厌恶透了)，故应选A。
5. 根据上下文的逻辑得出结论
逻辑结论是指严格根据文章中所陈述的事实、论点、例证等一系列论据材料进行推理，从而得出合乎逻辑的结论，而不是根据自己的经验、态度、观点或爱好去理解文章的内涵。做这类题时，应把握作者的写作思路，预测下文可能发展的内容。文章可按事件发展的经过描写，也可按因果关系, 对比关系来描写。
例 We are in the computer age.We often see computers at work.They are especially useful in automatic control，data processing(数据处理)and solving complicated problems.And they are finding their way into the home.The part played by computers is becoming even more important with each passing day.
More and cleverer computers will continue to appear.They will run faster，have more functions and work much more skillfully.They will take over more tasks from us，helping to change the face of our world.Some people even think that sooner or later computers will replace us.
However...
Which of the following statements will best continue the third paragraph?
A. Computers will soon stop developing.
B. Many people like computers very much.
C. Computers are as clever as man.
D. I do not think computers will replace us completely.
解析 本文采用了对比关系法来描写，前面描写了计算机的长处，但作者用However一词预示着将引出相反的观点，故答案为D。
6. 结合已有的知识进行推断
知识推断是根据文章中所阐述的细节，运用自己 掌握的基础知识进行分析、推敲，从而得出符合文章原义的结论的一种推断方法。知识推断题一般都是针对细节。解答此类题，不仅需要我们有一定的社会基础知识，而且还需要对细节以及有关背景知识有一个充分的理解。
例 NMET1996 A篇
53. After reading the story what can we infer about the hospital?
A. It is a children’s hospital.
B. It has strict rules about visiting hours.
C. The conditions there aren’t very good.
D. The nurses and doctors there don’t work hard.
解析 本文讲述了一位母亲采用拖地计谋混进病房探视女儿的故事。由常识可知医院内拖地并非医生 护士的工作，选项D不对。C项与文中的It’s a fine hospital意思相矛盾。A项依据不充分，女儿未必都是儿童。正确答案是B。文中I told her about the hospital rules, and she will not expect us until tomorrow. 则暗示此规章在探视时间上是严格规定的，而且在实际生活中我们都知道医院探视病人是有严格的制度的。
❼ 英语阅读判断题及答案
英语阅读判断题及答案
判断题是英语阅读理解体重的常考题型。下面是我整理的.英语阅读理解 题中的判断题练习及答案，希望能帮到大家!
阅读理解一
My name is Jenny. I have four good friends. I like hamburgers, but Ben doesn’t like them. I don’t like strawberries. Cara doesn’t like them, either(也). Cara and Amy like French fries, and they have them every day. But Dale doesn’t. Dale and Ben like vegetable salad, but Amy doesn’t. She likes fruit salad.
根据短文内容，判断句子正(T)、误(F)。
( ) 1. Ben doesn’t like hamburgers.
( ) 2. Cara and Amy don’t like French fries.
( ) 3. Dale doesn’t like French fries.
( ) 4. Dale and Ben like vegetable salad.
( ) 5. Amy doesn’t like fruit salad.
阅读理解二
I have a friend. His name is Jeff. He is 14years old. His father is 40. His mother is 41. He has a brother and a sister. His brother is 9 and his sister is 6. Today is his mother’s birthday. It’s October fifth. There is a big birthday cake on the table. It is 20 dollars. Many friends come to the party.
根据短文内容，判断句子正(T)、误(F)。
( ) 1. Jeff is 9 years old.
( ) 2. Jeff has a brother and a sister.
( ) 3. Jeff’s father’s birthday is October fifth.
( ) 4. The birthday cake is on the table.
( ) 5. The birthday cake is 20 yuan.
阅读理解三
Do you know Huaxing? You can have a great sale there. Look! It’s a clothes store. It sells sweaters, T-shirts and shorts. These sweaters are very good. Do you like shoes? There are four shoe stores. Oh, here is a hat store. Red hats, blue hats, black hats and orange hats, it has hats in all colors. I like them very much.
根据短文内容，判断句子正(T)、误(F)。
( ) 1. You can have a great sale at Huaxing.
( ) 2. There are some books in the store.
( ) 3. You can find five shoe stores in Xuaxing.
阅读理解四
Dear Jack,
How are you? I have been in the USA for six months. I like the life here. I have a few friends. I don’t have much homework. There are a lot of sports at my school, but I don’t like sports at all. I like the food very much. I eat a lot of different kinds of food every day. I like coke(可乐)very much. I don’t drink water. I drink coke instead(代替). I’m enjoying my life here. The sad thing is that sometimes I get ill. I don’t know why. My parents say I must go on a diet and do more sports. Must I?
Yours,
David
( T ) 1. David has been in America for six months.
( F ) 2. David has to do much homework.
( T ) 3. There are many sports at David’s school.
( T ) 4. David likes coke better than water.
( F ) 5. David knows why he is often ill
阅读理解五
Jim is an English boy. He comes to China with his father and mother. They come here to work. Jim comes here to study.
He is in No.5 Middle School. He gets up early every day. He isn’t late for school. He studies hard. He can read English well. He often helps us with our English, and we often help him with his Chinese. After class he likes playing football, swimming, running, jumping and riding. He makes many friends here. We are glad to stay with him. On Sunday he often helps his mother clean the house, mend something or do the shopping. He likes Chinese food very much.。 He likes living here. He likes Chinese students very much. We all like him, too.
根据短文内容，判断以下句子的正误。对的在括号内填― T ‖, 错的填― F ‖. ( F )1. He gets up late every day.
( T )2. He often teaches us English.
( F )3. After class , he likes singing and playing basketball.
( T )4. On Sunday he often helps his mother clean the house.
( F )5. He doesn’t like Chinese food.
参考答案：
阅读理解一
1----5 TFTTF
阅读理解二
1----5 FTFTF
阅读理解三
1----5 TFFTT
阅读理解四
1----5 TFTTF
阅读理解五
1----5 TFTF
;❽ 英语阅读理解模拟试题及答案
英语阅读理解模拟试题及答案
下面是我收集的关于英语四级的阅读理解模拟试题及答案解析，欢迎大家阅读练习!
第一篇：
Henry Ford, the famous U.S. inventor and car manufacturer, once said, “The business of America is business.” By this he meant that the U.S. way of life is based on the values of the business world.
Few would argue with Ford’s statement. A brief glimpse at a daily newspaper vividly shows how much peoplein the United States think about business. For example, nearly every newspaper has a business section, in which the deals and projects, finances and management, stock prices and labor problems of corporations arereported daily. In addition, business news can appear in every other section. Most national news has an important financial aspect to it. Welfare, foreign aid, the federal budget, and the policies of the Federal Reserve Bank are all heavily affected by business. Moreover, business news appears in some of the unlikeliest places. The world of arts and entertainment is often referred to as “the entertainment instry” or “show business.”
The positive side of Henry Ford’s statement can be seen in the prosperity that business has brought to U.S. life. One of the most important reasons so many people from all over the world come to live in the United States is the dream of a better job. Jobs are proced in abundance (大量地) because the U.S. economic system is driven by competition. People believe that this system crates more wealth, more jobs, and a materially better way of life.
The negative side of Henry Ford’s statement, however, can be seen when the word business is taken to meanbig business. And the term big business—referring to the biggest companies, is seen in opposition to labor. Throughout U.S. history working people have had to fight hard for higher wages, better working conditions, and the fight to form unions. Today, many of the old labor disputes are over, but there is still some employee anxiety. Downsizing—the laying off of thousands of workers to keep expenses low and profits high—creates feelings of insecurity for many.
练习题：
Choose correct answers to the question:
1. The United States is a typical country ________.
A. which encourages free trade at home and abroad
B. where people’s chief concern is how to make money
C. where all businesses are managed scientifically
D. which normally works according to the federal budget
2. The influence of business in the U.S. is evidenced by the fact that ________.
A. most newspapers are run by big businesses
B. even public organizations concentrate on working for profits
C. Americans of all professions know how to do business
D. even arts and entertainment are regarded as business
3. According to the passage, immigrants choose to settle in the U.S., dreaming that ________.
A. they can start profitable businesses there
B.they can be more competitive in business
C. they will make a fortune overnight there
D. they will find better chances of employment
4. Henry Ford’s statement can be taken negatively because ________.
A. working people are discouraged to fight for their fights
B. there are many instries controlled by a few big capitalists
C. there is a conflicting relationship between big corporations and labor
D. public services are not run by the federal government
5. A company’s efforts to keep expenses low and profits high may result in ________.
A. rection in the number of employees
B. improvement of working conditions
C. fewer disputes between labor and management
D. a rise in workers’wages
第二篇：
It is easier to negotiate initial salary requirement because once you are inside, the organizational constraints (约束) influence wage increases. One thing, however, is certain: your chances of getting the raise you feel you deserve are less if you don’t at least ask for it. Men tend to ask for more, and they get more, and this holds true with other resources, not just pay increases. Consider Beth’s story:
I did not get what I wanted when I did not ask for it. We had cubicle (小隔间) offices and window offices.I sat in the cubicles with several male colleagues. One by one they were moved into window offices, while I remained in the cubicles, several males who were hired after me also went to offices. One in particular told me he was next in line for an office and that it had been part of his negotiations for the job. I guess they thought me content to stay in the cubicles since I did not voice my opinion either way.
It would be nice if we all received automatic pay increases equal to our merit, but “nice” isn’t a quality attributed to most organizations. If you feel you deserve a significant raise in pay, you’ll probablyhave to ask for it.
Performance is your best bargaining chip (筹码) when you are seeking a raise. You must be able to demonstrate that you deserve a raise. Timing is also a good bargaining chip. If you can give your boss something he or she needs (a new client or a sizable contract, for example) just before merit pay decisions are beingmade, you are more likely to get the raise you want.
Use information as a bargaining chip too. Find out what you are worth on the open market. What will someone else pay for your services?
Go into the negotiations prepared to place your chips on the table at the appropriate time and prepared touse communication style to guide the direction of the interaction.
练习题：
Choose correct answers to the question:
1. According to the passage, before taking a job, a person should ________.
A. demonstrate his capability
B. give his boss a good impression
C. ask for as much money as he can
D. ask for the salary he hopes to get
2. What can be inferred from Beth’s story?
A. Prejudice against women still exists in some organizations.
B. If people want what they deserve, they have to ask for it.
C. People should not be content with what they have got.
D. People should be careful when negotiating for a job.
3. We can learn from the passage that ________.
A. unfairness exists in salary increases
B. most people are overworked and underpaid
C. one should avoid overstating one’s performance
D. most organizations give their staff automatic pay raises
4. To get a pay raise, a person should ________.
A. advertise himself on the job market
B. persuade his boss to sign a long-term contract
C) try to get inside information about the organization
D) do something to impress his boss just before merit pay decisions
5. To be successful in negotiations, one must ________.
A. meet his boss at the appropriate time
B. arrive at the negotiation table punctually
C. be good at influencing the outcome of the interaction
D. be familiar with what the boss likes and dislikes
>>>>>>答案解析<<<<<<
第一篇：
1.[B] 推理判断题。根据第2段第2句“随便翻下一家日报就可美国人有多么重视商业”可推断出B符合题意。
2.[D] 事实细节题。第2段大量列举了 business的影响的例子，特别是根据最后一句“艺术和娱乐界就常被称为‘娱乐业’或‘展览业’ ”可知D正确，而A、B、C均与原文信息不符。
3.[D] 事实细节题。第3段第2句谈到“如此多的人从世界各地来美国生活，其最重要的原因之一就是梦想找到一份更好的工作”，故选D。
4.[C] 推理判断题。本文第4段是在讲Henry Ford的.言论的消极面，根据该段中的the biggest companies... in opposition to labor可看出C与之相符，故选C。
5.[A] 事实细节题。根据文章的最后一句，可知downsizing—the laying off of thousands of workers正是一些公司节约成本提高利润的手段，A为原文该句的同义改写，故选A。
第二篇：
1.[D] 推理判断题。根据文章第1句。开头立论：“It is easier to negotiate initial salary requirement在进入公司以前就谈妥你的最初工资要求要更容易些”。因此，在接受一份工作前应该先提出期望薪金要求，即D。注意C中as much…as he can意思太绝对，不妥。
2.[B] 推理判断题。Beth的故事是为了证明第1段提出的观点，主要依据第2段第1句，第3段最后一句再次印证。核心词为ask for。
3.[A] 推理判断题。从Beth的故事中不难总结出：如果你要求加薪或提升，你可能就会得到满足;你如果不要求，老板就可能不予考虑。因此在salary increase中含有很大的主观因素，故而unfair。直接依据为第3段第1句。
4.[D] 事实细节题。根据倒数第3段，performance“工作表现”，timing“抓住时机”和information“利用信息”是加薪的三大筹码。D与其中对timing的阐述一致。
5.[C] 事实细节题。最后一段指出，带着准备好的筹码去跟老板商谈加薪，并在合适的时候拿出来,而且要运用一定的交际手段引导谈判的发展方向，即C。注意其中place your chips on the table at the appropriate time “在适当的时候拿出筹码”不等于A中的meet his boss at the appropriate time。
;❾ 职称英语理工类阅读判断题
Bill Gates: Unleashing YourCreativity
I’ve always been an optimist and I suppose it isrooted in1 my belief that the power of creativity and intelligencecan make the world a better place.
For as long as I can remember, I’卖洞乎ve loved learningnew things and solving problems. So when I sat down at a computer for the firsttime in seventh grade, I was hooked. It was a clunky old teletype machine andit could barely do anything compared to the computers we have today.2But it changed my life.
中悉When my friend Paul Allen and I started Microsoft30 years ago，we had avision of “a computer on every desk and in every home”, which probably soundeda little too optimistic at a time when most computers were the size ofrefrigerators. But we believed that personal computers would change the world.And they have.
And after 30 years, I’m still as inspired bycomputers as I was back in seventh grade.
I believe that computers are the most incredibletool we can use to feed our curiosity and inventiveness — to help us solve problemsthat even the smartest people couldn’t solve on their own.
Computers have transformed how we learn，giving kids everywhere a windowinto all of the world’s knowledge. They’re helping us build communities aroundthe things we care about and to stay close to the people who are important tous, no matter where they are.3
Like my friend Warren Buffett, I feel particularlylucky to do something every day that I love to do. He calls it “tap-dancing towork”4. My job at Microsoft is as challenging as ever, but whatmakes me “tap-dancing to work” is when we show people something new, like acomputer that can recognize your handwriting or your speech, or one that canstore a lifetime’s worth of photos, and they say, “I didn’颤山t know you could dothat with a PC5! ”
But for all the cool things that a person can dowith a PC，there arelots of other ways we can put our creativity and intelligence to work toimprove our world6. There are still far too many people in the worldwhose most basic needs go unmet7. Every year, for example, millionsof people die from diseases that are easy to prevent or treat in the developedworld.
I believe that my own good fortune brings with ita responsibility to give back to the world. My wife, Melinda, and I havecommitted to8 improving health and ecation in a way that can helpas many people as possible.
As a father, I believe that the death of a childin Africa is no less poignant or tragic than9 the death of a childanywhere else, and that it doesn’t take much to make an immense difference inthese children’s lives10.
I’m still very much an optimist, and I believethat progress on even the world’s toughest problems is possible — and it’shappening every day. We’re seeing new drugs for deadly diseases, new diagnostictools，and newattention paid to the health problems in the developing world.
I’m excited by the possibilities I see formedicine, for ecation and, of course, for technology. And I believe thatthrough our natural inventiveness, creativity and willingness to solve toughproblems, we're going to make some amazing achievements in all these areas inmy lifetime.
词汇：
unleash/ ʌnˈli:ʃ / vt.解开;放纵;使自由
inspire/ ɪnˈspaɪə(r) / vt.鼓舞
optimist/'Dptɪmɪst/ n.乐观主义者
incredible/ ɪn'kredəbl/ adj.难以置信的
clunky(clonky) /'klʌnkɪ/ adj.发出沉闷金属声的
curiosity/ˌkjuərɪ'Dsɪtɪ/ n.好奇心
inventivenessn.发明创造的能力
teletype/'telɪtaɪp/ (teletype-writer) n.电传打字机
poignant/ ˈpɔɪnjənt / adj.令人悲痛的，可怜的
tragic/'traed3ɪk/ adj.悲剧的，悲惨的
vision/'vɪ3n/ n.想象;幻想;美景
immense/I'mens/ adj.巨大的
注释：
1.be rooted in：扎根于;深深地存在于
2.It was a clunky oldteletype machine and it could barely do anything compared to the computers wehave today.那是一台笨重的旧式电传打字机，跟我们今天的电脑相比几乎干不了什么事。本句中，barely意为almost not;compare to在美国英语中也可以等同于compare with(与……相比)。
3.They’re helping us buildcommunities around the things we care about and to stay close to the people whoare important to us, no matter where they are.电脑帮助我们就我们所关心的事情建立一个交流的场所，并且与那些我们认为对我们有重要意义的人密切相处，不管他们身在何处。care about指不管喜欢或不喜欢的事情都很关心、介意、在乎、计较。
4.“tap-dancing to work”：“跳着踢踏舞工作”。tap原意是“叩击、轻敲”;tap dance是“踢踏舞”。这里实际意思是“(手指)轻轻敲击键盘的工作”。
5.PC (personal computer)：个人计算机
6.But for all the cool things that aperson can do with a PC, there are lots of other ways we can put our creativityand intelligence to work to improve our world.除了我们能用计算机做的所有神奇的事情，还有很多其他方式发挥我们的创造力和智慧，从而使世界更加美好。
7.go unmet：得不到满足。在这里go是系动词，unmet是过去分词作表语。
8.commit to此处意为承诺，保证做某事。
9.no less... than：和 一样，不亚于……
10. and that itdoesn’t take much to make an immense difference in these children’s lives.而且要改善这些孩子们的命运，其实不难。此处it是形式主语，真正的主语是不定式短语to make an immensedifference in these children’s lives。
练习：
1.A computer was as big as an icebox when Bill Gates was a high schoolstudent.
ARightBWrongCNot mentioned
2.Bill Gates has been dreaming of the popularity of computers for hislifetime.
ARightBWrongCNot mentioned
3.Bill Gates compares his hard work on a PC to “tap-dancing to work”.
ARightBWrongCNot mentioned
4.To Bill Gates’ mind, there is a big difference between the death ofthe poor’s children and the death of the rich’s children.
ARightBWrongCNot mentioned
5.So far Bill Gates has contributed several dozen billion dollars tothe charities.
ARightBWrongCNot mentioned
6.Bill Gates and his wife consider it their ty to help the poorbetter their health and ecation as much as possible.
ARightBWrongCNot mentioned
7.Bill Gates will leave only a small portion of his wealth for hischildren.
ARightBWrongCNot mentioned
答案与题解：
1.A文章第三段中比尔•盖茨说，当他念七年级时，电脑就是冰箱那么大小。
2.A文章第三段比尔•盖茨说，他30年前与Paul Allen一起创办微软公司时就梦想一桌一机、一户一机，而且从其他各段也可以看到他对电脑有很多的`期待。
3.B从第七段第二句可以看到作这样比较的是他的朋友Warren Buffett，而不是他自己。
4.B在倒数第三段，比尔•盖茨已经明确说，所有这些儿童的死亡都一样令人伤心和悲痛，没有什么区别。
5.C文章没有提到他给慈善机构捐款的事。
6.A倒数第四段比尔•盖茨认为他一生好运，就理应回报社会，所以他和他的妻子做出了承诺，要帮助尽可能多的人改善医疗和教育条件。
7.C文章没有提到。
❿ 职称英语理工类阅读判断专项试题及答案(2)
练习：
1.The country says that the investment of US $14 million is big enough for developing that country’s chip instry.
ARight BWrong CNot mentioned
2.That country gives top priorities to developing chips for military purposes.
ARight BWrong CNot mentioned
3.Although the licensing fees are not very high, that Far Eastern country cannot afford to pay.
ARight BWrong CNot mentioned
4.Many western countries ban the exporting of the most advanced chip-making technologies to that country to prevent them from being used for military purposes.
ARight BWrong CNot mentioned
5.Currently, almost all the flagship chipmakers in that country are owned by American investors.
ARight BWrong CNot mentioned
6.Mainstream chip proction technology develop rapidly.
ARight BWrong CNot mentioned
7.More than 10 chip plants being built in that country are an example of self-reliance.
ARight BWrong CNot mentioned
答案与题解：
1.B本题给出的信息是错误的。最后一段说到，如果新建的芯片中心能在改善该国在芯片行业的被动形势中起重要作用，该国认为：“... the US $14 million investment is still rather small”。
2.C文章没有提供这方面的信息。
3.B文章提到专利费较高，此句说较低，与原意不符。
4.A本题给出的信息是正确的。第二段有这样一句话：Currently, chip plants in this country are in a passive situation because many foreign governments don’t allow them to import the most advanced technologies, fearing they will be used for military purposes.这就是选A的依据。
5.C文章没有提供这方面的信息。
6.A选A的依据是第三段第一句：... mainstream chip proction technology shifts from one generation to the next every three to five years ...
7.B本题给出的信息是错误的。第四段第二句说明，这些芯片工厂的技术主要是从日本和新加坡进口的。
译文：微芯片研究中心成立
为了开发先进的微芯片生产技术，这个远东国家建立了一个研究中心，该中心启动资金为一千四百万美元，可以帮助该国开发自己的芯片工业，不必总是依赖于进口技术。
该中心将会应用自己的研究技术和设施，为本国芯片厂家开发新技术。这个国家名列首位的芯片制造公司说，芯片中心的成立可能使这个国家摆脱从他国购买即将淘汰的.技术的困境。由于许多外国政府担心先进技术会被用于军事目的，不允许这个国家的芯片生产厂家进口前沿技术，所以这些生产厂家处于一种被动局面。另外，由于这些芯片生产厂家必须向技术提供者支付高额的许可费，这也构成了他们决定要自力更生的一个重要原因。
由于主流芯片生产技术每隔 3～5年就要进行更新换代，所以掌握了新技术的厂家就可以以较低的成本制造出较好的芯片，而那些耗费数十亿美元建立起的厂家，如果设备落后，也将会被生产商所淘汰。
几个芯片厂正在建立之中，每个厂的造价都在几百万美元，其中大部分资金都流向了海外设备商和技术所有者——主要是日本和新加坡。
如果新建的芯片中心能在改变该国芯片行业的被动形势中起到重要作用，该国承认，一千四百万美元的投资仍是微不足道的。该国正在开发综合技术，大部分投资将用于与技术和知识产权所有者建立联盟。
Text three
The Biology of Music
Humans use music as a powerful way to communicate. It may also play an important role in love. But what is music, and how does it work its magic? Science does not yet have all the answers.
What are two things that make humans different from animals? One is language, and the other is music. It is true that some animals can sing (and many birds sing better than a lot of people). However, the songs of animals, such as birds and whales, are very limited. It is also true that humans, not animals, have developed musical instruments. 1
Music is strange stuff. It is clearly different from language. However, people can use music to communicate things — especially their emotions. When music is combined with speech in a song, it is a very powerful form of communication. But, biologically speaking, what is music?
If music is truly different from speech, then we should process music and language in different parts of the brain. The scientific evidence suggests that this is true.
Sometimes people who suffer brain damage lose their ability to process language. However, they don’t automatically lose their musical abilities. For example, Vissarion Shebalin, a Russian composer，had a stroke in 1953. It injured the left side of his brain. He could no longer speak or understand speech. He could, however, still compose music until his death ten years later. On the other hand，sometimes strokes cause people to lose their musical ability, but they can still speak and understand speech. This shows that the brain processes music and language separately.
By studying the physical effects of music on the body，scientists have also learned a lot about how music influences the emotions. But why does music have such a strong effect on us? That is a harder question to answer. Geoffrey Miller, a researcher at University College, London, thinks that music and love have a strong connection. Music requires special talent, practice, and physical ability. That’s why it may be a way of showing your fitness to be someone’s mate. For example, singing in tune or playing a musical instrument requires fine muscular control. You also need a good memory to remember the notes. And playing or singing those notes correctly suggests that your hearing is in excellent condition. Finally, when a man sings to the woman he loves (or vice versa)， it may be a way of showing off.
However, Miller’s theory still doesn’t explain why certain combinations of sounds influence our emotions so deeply. For scientists，this is clearly an area that needs further research.
词汇：
automatically .自动地
note 音符
stroke 中风
注释：
1.It is also true that humans, not animals, have developed musical instruments：人研制出了乐器，而动物则不能。Develop：研制，例如：Scientists are developing new drugs to treat cancer.科学家们正在研发新药用以治疗癌症。
练习：
1.Humans, but not animals, can sing.
ARight BWrong CNot mentioned
2.People can use music to communicate their emotions.
ARight BWrong CNot mentioned
3.We use the same part of the brain for music and language.
ARight BWrong CNot mentioned
4.Geoffery Miler has done research on music and emotions.
ARight BWrong CNot mentioned
5.It’s hard for humans to compose music.
ARight BWrong CNot mentioned
6.Memory is not an important part in singing in tune.
ARight BWrong CNot mentioned
7.Scientists does not know all the answers about the effects of music on humans.
ARight BWrong CNot mentioned
答案与题解：
1.B第二段的第三句：It is true that some animals can sing (and many birds sing better than a lot of people).可以看出有些动物会唱歌，而不只人类会唱歌。
2.A第三段的第三句：However, people can use music to communicate things — especially their emotions.这句清楚表明，人们可以用音乐来表达情感。
3.B第四段说明：科学证明人们用大脑的不同区域处理语言和音乐。在第五段，作者用Vissarion Shebalin的例子进一步说明人脑处理语言和音乐的位置不同，Shebalin中风以后不能讲话也听不懂别人的话，但他却能创作乐曲。
4.A第六段的第四句：Geoffrey Miller, a researcher at University College，London，thinks that music and love have a strong connection.这句说明Miller对音乐和爱(情感)的关系进行了研究，他得出的结论是：音乐和爱有密切的关联。
5.C文中没有提及创作乐曲是否困难。
6.B第六段有一句：You also need a good memory to remember the notes.此句说明必须具备好的记忆力记音符才能唱得符合调子。
7.A最后一段讲的是：科学家们需要做更多的研究才能解释为什么有些声音影响我们的情感会如此之深。也就是说，科学家不能全部解释音乐对人类的影响。
译文：音乐生物学
人们把音乐作为一种高效的交流方式，在爱情中它也可能会起到重要的作用。但是音乐是什么?它又是如何起到神奇的效果?科学界还没有给出答案。
哪两项事物使得人类不同于动物?一个是语言，另一个是音乐。当然一些动物会唱歌 (并且许多鸟唱得比很多人都好听) ，但是，动物的歌声是有限的，比如鸟类和鲸鱼。同样，是人类而不是动物开发出了乐器。
音乐是个奇怪的东西，它与语言有明显的不同。但是，人们能够用音乐去传达——尤其是情感。当音乐与歌曲中的语言结合在一起的时候，它就是一种强有力的表达方式。但是，从生物学来讲，音乐是什么?
如果音乐与语言真的不同，那么我们应该在大脑的不同区域内对音乐和语言进行加工处理，科学证据也证实了这一点。
有时，受过脑损伤的人会丧失他们处理语言的能力。但是，他们不会自动地丢失音乐才能。比如，维沙翁·舍巴林，一位苏联作曲家，在1953 年得了中风。他的大脑的左半边受到损害，他再也不能说话或是理解别人的话，但是他仍然能够谱曲，直到十年后他离开人世。另一方面，中风有时会使人们丧失音乐能力，但是他们仍然能够说话也能听懂别人的话。这就说明大脑是分别加了处理音乐和语言的。
通过研究音乐在人身体上的物理效应，科学家也了解到许多关于音乐是如何影响情感的。但是，为什么音乐对我们有如此强烈的影响?这是一个更难回答的问题。伦敦大学学院的研究员杰弗里·米勒认为音乐和爱有紧密的关，音乐需要特殊才能、练习和体能。这也许是一种方式让你展示你适合做某人的伴侣。比如，按调唱歌或者弹奏乐器需要有很好的肌肉控制力。你也需要有好的记忆力来记住音符。能正确地演奏或者唱出这些音符也证明你的听力也非常好。所以，当一个男人唱给他心爱的女人时(反之亦然) 音乐就可能成为一种展示的方式。
然而，米勒的理论仍然不能解释为什么声音的特定结合可以深深地影响我们的情感。对于科学家来说，这显然是一个需要深入研究的领域。