有关运动员的英语阅读题

㈠ 疯狂英语阅读:Sports Life of Adidas

Sports Life of Adidas

Sports Life of Adidas

Over eighty years ago, in 1)Herzegovina, Germany, a young shoemaker made house-slippers from old military canvas bags to help put food on his family’s table. He was also a keen soccer player, and he soon adapted those slippers to his soccer game. The attention he gained for his 2)lightweight, comfortable sport shoes, did nothing but grow from the first day he wore them. His name was Adi Dassler.

By the 1920’s, Adi Dassler was already experimenting with running 3)spikes to improve performance. By the 1930’s he was the leading sports shoe manufacturer in the world, making thirty different shoes for eleven sports. And the tradition of innovation continues to the present day.

Adidas came up with “Mi Adidas”, a traveling program that lets you be properly fitted in a way that has never been possible before. You have your foot measured and scanned to get a detailed outline of the exact length and width of each foot, to within one tenth of a centimeter. Next, you lightly jog across a pressure pad, which reveals the exact placement of the foot under pressure. That information goes into a computer, to help narrow down the best shoe for you. Now you try on a “mmy boot”, to make sure that the width, arch fitting, and tightness are exactly to your liking. After you’ve made your decision, you’ll just have to wait three weeks, while they create your dream 4)sneaker.

Most sports shoe proction has shifted to Asia. But Adidas has a specialized proction facility in Germany, that creates new models of 5)prototypes, as well as custom shoes, for some of the most valuable feet in the world – professional athletes. To make a custom shoe, they create an outline of the foot, a 3-D 6)foam 7)imprint, and then take several measurements of the foot. About twelve workers, in Scheinfeld, make four hundred pairs of made-to-measure shoes each month for the world’s best athletes.

Renata Urban (Asst. Manager, Adidas Global Training Center): One of the most famous athletes, especially in Europe, is football player David Beckham. We’ve had a lot of shoes made for him last year ring the World Cup. And, well, his feet are quite close to a standard size, so, the made-to-measure docks for David Beckham is not too much amended. But he has very indivialized shoes, with the name embroidered in the tongue and the player’s number on the heel patch, and some different amendments from time to time.

But it’s not just athletes who need comfortable shoes. Anyone, who’s prepared to pay, can get Adidas made to measure.

Adi Dassler’s shoe made its Olympic appearance in 1928, and ever since then, athletes have wanted more from their footwear, whether they’re wrestlers, or fencers, or sprinters, or long-distance runners, or even 8)bobsledders. What they have on their foot changes how well they can perform.

Tom Kennedy (Global Public Relations Manager, Adidas): The interesting thing maybe about the most recent Olympics in Sydney, was that they made shoes for 26 of 28 Olympic sports. They had shoes in almost every sport imaginable except for sailing and, 9)equestrian. In something like fencing, for example, if you look at them you can see they’re actually two different shoes, because when a fencer stands, they stand with their feet perpendicular to each other, uh, and so they’ve made modifications. This shoe actually is built at an angle because, when they 10)lunge, the foot actually collapses inward, like this, so it helps them push better. This shoe is more 11)cushioned in the heel because when they attack, they land quite hard on their heel, so there’s all kinds of modifications and things built into these shoes that make them quite specialized for their task.

So you can see that if you’re going to go into a store and just ask for what size they have, you’re probably not going to be able to take advantage of all the technology available. It’s best to go to someone who really knows what’s in the shoe and what’s best for you. Sometimes it’s more important to have a good athletic shoe than it is a street shoe, because it has to put up with a lot more.

But it needn’t be out of your financial reach. While custom-made shoes for Olympic athletes can range up to $800, the “Mi Adidas” program offers many of the same custom features for an average retail price.

注释：
1) Herzegovina [7hZEtsE^Eu5vi:nE] n. 黑塞哥维那（原为土耳其在欧洲南部的一省，1878～1914为奥匈帝国的一部分，现为南斯拉夫的波斯尼亚-黑塞哥维那共和国的一部分）
2) lightweight [5laitweit] a. 轻量的，轻质的
3) spike [spaik] n. 钉鞋
4) sneaker [5sni:kE] n. 运动鞋
5) prototype [5prEutEtaip] n. 原型
6) foam [fEum] n. 泡沫
7) imprint [im5print] n. 压痕；印记
8) bobsledder [5bCbsledE] n. 滑大雪橇比赛的人
9) equestrian [i5kwestriEn] n. 马术
10) lunge [lQndV] v. 刺，刺进
11) cushion [5kuFEn] v. 加衬垫

阿迪达斯：青春无极限

八十多年前，德国的黑塞哥维那有一位年轻的鞋匠，他经常拿旧军用帆布袋缝制家用拖鞋以养家糊口。他还特喜欢踢足球，不久，他就改装了那些拖鞋，使它们在足球场上派上了用场。从穿上自制球鞋的第一天起，他制作的既轻便又舒适的球鞋就越来越多地受到人们的关注。这个人便是阿迪·达斯拉。
早在二十世纪二十年代，阿迪·达斯拉就已经在试验钉鞋以提高奔跑速度。到了三十年代，他成了世界的运动鞋制造商，制作的鞋多达三十种，适用于十一项运动，其追求创新的风格一直延续到今日。
阿迪达斯推出了“我的阿迪达斯”巡回销售活动，破天荒地为个人量身订做运动鞋。首先，工作人员会对你的脚进行测量和扫描，以取得每只脚长、宽的数值，这些数值准确至0.1厘米。然后，他们会让你轻跑着踏过一块压力板，以便对受压状态下的脚掌受压状况进行准确定位。所有测量信息一并汇入电脑，以求找出样式。现在就试试“样鞋”吧，看看宽度、弓度、紧度合不合心意。一旦敲定，只需等待三个星期，你的梦幻运动鞋就能出炉了！
阿迪达斯的大多数鞋厂都已迁至亚洲，但在德国还保留着一家专业生产机构，专为世界职业运动员的那些极其名贵的脚研制最新款式及订做运动鞋。在制造订做鞋之前，他们先用泡沫塑料为脚的轮廓打造一个三维模型，随后再丈量脚的每一部分的尺寸。在沙因菲尔德，大约十二名工人在一个月里能为世界运动员制做四百双这样的鞋。

雷娜塔·厄本（阿迪达斯全球训练中心助理经理）：其中一位在欧洲尤为受欢迎的知名运动员，就是足球明星大卫·贝克汉姆。去年“世界杯”期间我们就为他做了许多双鞋。不过他的脚极为接近标准尺码，所以为大卫·贝克汉姆做鞋，车床无需做太大改变。不过他对鞋的要求倒是极为个性化：鞋舌上要绣上他的名字，鞋后跟要印上球员号码，而且这些要求时不时还会变动。
然而并不是只有运动员才需要舒适的鞋子，任何人，只要愿意掏腰包，都可以买到量身订做的阿迪达斯。
阿迪·达斯拉的鞋首次亮相于奥运会是在1928年，从那时起，运动员对鞋的要求越来越高。无论是摔跤、击剑，还是短跑、长跑，乃至滑大雪橇比赛，运动员穿的鞋直接影响他们的表现。

汤姆·肯尼迪（阿迪达斯全球公关经理）：有趣的是，在上届的悉尼奥运会上，他们总共为28个奥运比赛项目中的26个项目的参赛运动员制作了运动鞋，除帆船比赛和马术比赛，几乎包含了所有运动项目。以击剑为例，仔细观察不难发现，击剑选手的两只鞋子各不相同，因为当击剑手直立时，他的双脚要成直角，所以工人们相应地对鞋作了改良。这边的鞋有一个弯度，因为当击剑手向前刺时，这只脚会像这样往内倾，这样设计的鞋便能帮助他们向前推进；而这只鞋的跟垫加厚了，因为他们进攻时，脚跟着地用力较大。所以，对这些鞋做出这样那样的改动，都是为了让它们更适合该项运动。
因此，如果你走进一家鞋店，只是询问他们有什么样的鞋码，你是难以体验当今所有的科技进步给运动鞋带来的优势，只有到真正知道鞋里有什么、什么最适合你的人那里才是明智之选。有时候买双好的运动鞋比买双逛街穿的鞋更重要，因为它要承受的压力实在太多。
但也不一定非要让你出大价钱，才能拥有这样的鞋。虽说为奥运健儿订做的鞋，售价可达800美元，但“我的阿迪达斯”销售活动为消费者提供的运动鞋，其价位只是普通的零售价，但却具有订做鞋的特色。

㈡ 英语阅读高三

回答和翻译如下：

60.A

61.A

62.D

科学工作者A:

年轻的运动员，被面试，似乎是对抗压力的训练方面的练习，并且，在比赛当中的环境表现能力。在这里，他们发现，帮助他们的家庭的环境变好，并且，父母们所感兴趣的事情，有一些，是他们的经验持续感到紧张，或者，关于，担心训练方面的事宜，或者，竞争方面的事宜。此外，自我报告，对于，身体方面的疾病，是更加降低了处在那些运动员之中的总人口，哪些，必须，把和谐的有效的联系在一起的呢？它不可能是说，是否年轻的运动员，进入，并且，坚持运动，因为，他们是积极的正能量的家庭，并且，心理特征，或者，是否推翻了事情，参与到运动当中去，在心情上，是一个积极地，正能量的影响，并且，对家庭而言，亦是这样的。

科学工作者B:

在没有一个对于年轻的运动员的人口，表现出强烈的情感，或者，行为问题，并且，一群人，都控制着年轻人，是我们调查，所知道的结果。超过三分之二的描述这些运动员的日常健康中表示，他们的健康在平均健康之上，有一些实际上的经验，对于身体不好的运动员。紧张的程度，然而，在年轻的运动员中间，是更高的，但是，他们都是能够很好的被训练的人群，也能够控制整个训练的场面的人。在医疗系统的使用方面，并且，在症状报告当中，建议，一些身体疾病的程度方面，要说的是，但是，不能够肯定的是，程度是，明显地影响了普通人的健康水准。一个人看，可能认为，年轻的远动员，在疾病中的恢复，并且，影响了，在不久以后，那些人，是非参与者；它是的，然而，不能够知道的是，是否，这是因为，加强运动的活动，事实上，提供了一种一定程度的，对于，从疾病当中的自我保护作用。

科学工作者C:

我的发现表明，对于，年轻的运动员来说，加强训练，有一定的意义影响，并且，他和她的家庭，是在闲暇时间，并且，很好的联络的友谊。那些年轻人，奉献了一种相当大的，在自由时间的训练机制，单身，没有一定的程度，它影响了他们的能力，并且，维持了相互的关系。训练，是一种积极的方面，对于，他们的生活来说，而不是，增加了他们的压力程度。不幸的是，因为，接近于体育节目的控制成本问题，它最后呈现的是，积极地赢得比赛，而不是平等的打开所有的事项，并且，家庭的状态。然而，年轻的运动员们认为，他们的家庭将会支持，并且，愿意拥抱，从而，来改变年轻人的状态，在不参加体育比赛方面。

科学运动员D：

当我们拥有一些简单的体育小组的时候，我们发现，三分之二的他们，所描述的他们的健康，是明显高于平均水平的。大多数所感兴趣的人认为，许多的年轻运动员的报告，是训练时紧张，或者，担心的最小化。那些，这反应着的经验，只是轻微的症状，通常的特征是的，感觉坐立不安。另外的来说，亲密的家庭的环境，造成了一种主要的环境下的角色，这阻挡了精神疾病的发生。有趣的是，运动员认为，他们的家庭是更加的亲密的，并且，更多的是适应他们的家庭，相比之下，一群年轻人而言。然而，一些涉及，使得感觉上面，是关于运动员的弟弟和姐姐们，谁偶尔地感觉被他们的父母们忽视了。

㈢ 英语二2017年真题-阅读1-parkrun

Text 1

Every Saturday morning, at 9 am, more than 50,000 runners set off to run 5km around their local park. The Parkrun phenomenon began with a dozen friends and has inspired 400 events in the UK and more abroad. Events are free, staffed by thousands of volunteers. Runners range from four years old to grandparents; their times range from Andrew Baddeley’s world record 13 minutes 48 seconds up to an hour.

每周六早上9点，5万多名跑步者开始绕当地公园跑茄漏5公里。 Parkrun现象最初是由十几位朋友发起的，现在已经激发了英国和其他国家的400个活动。 活动是免费的，有成千上万的志愿者。 跑步者从4岁到祖父母都有; 他们的用时从安德颤首烂鲁·巴德利创下的13分48秒到一小时不等。 每周六早上9点，5万多名跑步者开始绕当地公园跑5公里。 Parkrun现象最初是由十几位朋友发起的，现在已经激发了英国和其他国家的400个活动。 活动是免费的，有成千上万的志愿者。 跑步者从4岁到祖父母都有; 他们的用时从安德鲁·巴德利创下的13分48秒到一小时不等。  

21. According to Paragraph1, Parkrun has    .

[A] gained great popularity获得大受欢迎

[B] created many jobs 创造了芹扰许多就业机会

[C] strengthened community ties 加强社区关系

[D] become an official festival 成为官方节日

【答案】[A] gained great popularity 其他都无中生有

Parkrun is succeeding where London’s Olympic “legacy” is failing.

Parkrun在伦敦奥运“遗产”失败的地方取得了成功。  

Ten years ago on Monday, it was announced that the Games of the 30th Olympiad would be in London. 十年前的星期一，有消息宣布，第30届奥林匹克运动会将在伦敦举行。  

Planning documents pledged that the great legacy of the Games would be to level a nation of sport lovers away from their couches. 规划文件承诺，奥运会的伟大遗产将是让整个国家的体育爱好者远离沙发。  

The population would be fitter, healthier and proce more winners. It has not happened. The number of alts doing weekly sport did rise, by nearly 2 million in the run—up to 2012— but the general population was growing faster. 人们会更健康，更健康，产生更多的赢家。 但这并没有发生。 每周进行体育锻炼的成年人数量确实增加了，在2012年之前增加了近200万，但总体人口增长速度更快。 --------说明实际运动的人比例减少

❤Worse, the numbers are now falling at an accelerating rate. 更糟糕的是，这一数字现在正在加速下降。

The opposition claims primary school pupils doing at least two hours of sport a week have nearly halved. 反对派声称每周至少运动两个小时的小学生几乎减少了一半。

Obesity has risen among alts and children. Official retrospections continue as to why London 2012 failed to “inspire a generation.” The success of Parkrun offers answers.

肥胖在成年人和儿童中有所上升。 官方仍在反思2012年伦敦奥运会为何未能“激励一代人”。 Parkrun的成功提供了答案。  

22. The author believes that London’s Olympic“legacy” has failed to  

定位第一句但有没有说，往下看234，BUT  .

[A] boost population growth 促进人口增长  干扰项：原文但总体人口增长速度更快

[B] promote sport participation 促进体育运动的参与

[C] improve the city’s image 促进改善城市形象  无中生有

[D] increase sport hours in schools 增加学校的体育活动时间  

【答案】[B] promote sport participation

Parkun is not a race but a time trial: Your only competitor is the clock. The ethos welcomes anybody. There is as much joy over a puffed-out first-timer being clapped over the line as there is about top talent shining. The Olympic bidders, by contrast, wanted to get more people doing sports and to proce more elite athletes. The al aim was mixed up: The stress on success over taking part was intimidating for newcomers.

Parkun不是一场比赛，而是一场计时赛:你唯一的竞争对手是时钟。 这种精神欢迎任何人。 一个踌躇满志的新手在终点线被鼓掌的喜悦之情，与顶级天才闪耀的喜悦之情一样多。 相比之下，奥运会竞标者希望让更多的人从事体育运动，培养更多的精英运动员。 双重目标混淆了:成功和参与的压力让新人望而却步。  

23. Parkrun is different from Olympic games in that it     .

[A] aims at discovering talents 旨在发现人才

[B] focuses on mass competition 关注大众竞争

[C] does not emphasize elitism 不强调精英主义

[D] does not attract first-timers 不能吸引初来乍到的人

【答案】[C] does not emphasize elitism

Indeed, there is something a little absurd in the state getting involved in the planning of such a fundamentally “grassroots”, concept as community sports associations. If there is a role for government, it should really be getting involved in providing common goods—making sure there is space for playing fields and the money to pave tennis and netball courts, and encouraging the provision of all these activities in schools. But successive governments have presided over selling green spaces, squeezing money from local authorities and declining attention on sport in ecation. Instead of wordy, worthy strategies, future governments need to do more to provide the conditions for sport to thrive. Or at least not make them worse.

事实上，国家参与到社区体育协会这样一个基本的“草根”概念的规划中，有些荒谬。如果政府要发挥作用的话，它应该真正参与到提供公共物品的工作中来——确保有操场的空间，有资金来铺设网球场和网球场，并鼓励在学校提供所有这些活动。但历届政府都负责出售绿地，从地方政府那里榨取资金，并减少对体育教育的关注。未来的政府需要做得更多，为体育繁荣提供条件，而不是冗长而有价值的战略。或者至少不会让他们变得更糟。

24. With regard to mass sport, the author holds that governments should   

对于群众体育，作者认为政府应该。  .

[A] organize “grassroots” sports events 组织“草根”体育活动

[B] supervise local sports associations监督本地体育协会

[C] increase funds for sports clubs 增加体育俱乐部的资金

[D] invest in public sports facilities 投资公共体育设施

【答案】[D] invest in public sports facilities

25. The author’s attitude to what UK governments have done for sports is    .

[A] tolerant

[B] critical

[C] uncertain

[D] sympathetic

【答案】[B] critical

㈣ 求解这道英语阅读题第8题，谢谢

选B，激发运动员。
1. A说更耐用，在段落里没有提，所以不选。
2. B里面的motivate等于第二段第一行的boost(激发/促发)，属于同义词替换题，也就是激发运动员战胜对手，所以选B。
3. C说可以调整电流不准确，原文是博士发明的带智能电流的短裤，一般的运动短裤并没有，所以不存在调整问题。
4. figures表示数字或身段/身材，该短裤的作用是帮助运动员战胜对手，不是练好身段，所以不选。

㈤ 2020年高考英语全国卷1 - 阅读理解C

Race walking shares many fitness benefits with running, research shows, while most likely contributing to fewer injuries. It does, however, have its own problem.
研究表明，竞走和跑步一样，有许多健身益处，但造成的伤害可能最小。不过，它也有自己的问题。

Race walkers are conditioned athletes. The longest track and field event at the Summer Olympics is the 50-kilometer race walk, which is about five miles longer than the marathon. But the sport’s rules require that a race walker’s knees stay straight through most of the leg swing and one foot remain in contact with the ground at all times. It’s this strange form that makes race walking such an attractive activity, however, says Jaclyn Norberg, an assistant professor of exercise science at Salem State University in Salem, Mass.
成为竞走运动员是有条件的。夏季奥运会最长的田径项目是50公里竞走，比马拉松长约5英里。这项运动的规则要求竞走者在摆动腿的大部分时间里膝盖保持笔直，一只脚与地面始终保持接触。然而，马萨诸塞州塞勒姆州立大学运动科学助理教授杰克琳•诺伯格说，正是奇怪形式使竞走成为非常吸引人的活动。

Like running, race walking is physically demanding, she says, According to most calculations, race walkers moving at a pace of six miles per hour would burn about 800 calories per hour, which is approximately twice as many as they would burn walking, although fewer than running, which would probably burn about 1,000 or more calories per hour.
她说，和跑步一样，竞走对身体的要求也很高，根据大多数计算结果，每小时6英里的速度行走的竞走者每小时大约消耗800卡路里，大约是他们步行消耗热量的两倍，尽管比跑步少，跑步每小时可能消耗1000以上卡路里。

However, race walking does not pound the body as much as running does, Dr. Norberg says. According to her research, runners hit the ground with as much as four times their body weight per step, while race walkers, who do not leave the ground, create only about 1.4 times their body weight with each step.
然而，诺伯格博士说，竞走对身体的冲击不如跑步。根据她的研究，跑步者撞击地面的重量是他们体重的四倍，而不离开地面的竞走者每踏一步的重量只有体重的1.4倍。

As a result, she says, some of the injuries associated with running, such as runner’s knee, are uncommon among race walkers. But the sport’s strange form does place considerable stress on the ankles and hips, so people with a history of such injuries might want to be cautious in adopting the sport. In fact, anyone wishing to try race walking should probably first consult a coach or experienced racer to learn proper technique, she says. It takes some practice.
因此，她说，一些与跑步有关的损伤，比如跑步者的膝盖，在竞走者中并不常见。但这项运动的奇怪形式确实给脚踝和臀部带来了相当大的压力，因此有过这类损伤史的人在采用这项运动时可能需要谨慎。她说，事实上，任何想尝试竞走的人都应该先咨询教练或有经验的竞走者，学习正确的技术。这需要一些练习。

㈥ 职称英语综合A阅读判断模拟题

为了大家更好地备考2017年职称英语考试，yjbys网为大家提供了2017年职称英语综合A的试题相应练习。以下是阅读判断专项模拟题，大家可以多加练习。

American Sports

The United States is a sports-loving nation. Sports in America take a variety of forms:organized competitive struggles, which draw huge crowds to cheer their favorite team to victory;athletic games, played for recreation anywhere sufficient space is found; and hunting and fishing.

Most sports are seasonal, so that what is happening in sports depends upon the time of year. Some sports are called spectator sports, as the number of spectators greatly exceeds the number playing in the game.

Baseball is the most popular sport in the US. It is played throughout the spring and summer,and professional baseball teams play well into the fall. Although no other game is exactly like baseball, perhaps the one most nearly like it is the English game of cricket.

Football is the most popular sport in the fall. The game originated as a college sport more than 75 years ago. It is still played by almost every college and university in the country, and the football stadiums of some of the largest universities seat as many as 80,000 people. The game is not the same as European football or soccer. In American football there are 11 players on each team,and they are dressed in padded uniforms and helmets because the game is rough and injuries are likely to occur.

Basketball is the winter sport in American schools and colleges. Like football, basketball originated in the US and is not popular in other countries. Many Americans prefer it to football because it is played indoors throughout the winter and because it is a faster game. It is a very popular game with high schools, and in more than 20 states, state-wide high school matches are held yearly.

Other spectator sports include wrestling, boxing, and horse racing. Although horse-racing fans call themselves sportsmen, the accuracy of the term is questionable, as only the jockeys who ride the horses in the races can be considered athletes. The so-called sportsmen are the spectators, who do "not assemble" primarily to see the horses race, but to bet upon the outcome of each race.

Gambling is the attraction of horse racing.

1.Hunting and fishing are mainly favored by men, young and old, in the US.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

2.Professional baseball teams can continue to play for a long period of time in the fall after the regular baseball seasons of spring and summer.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

3.Baseball shares many features with the English game of cricket.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

4.Football can be classified as a spectator sport.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

5.Many Americans like basketball better than football because the latter is so harsh that players have to wear special uniforms.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

6.Basketball in American is so popular with universities that nationwide university matches are held yearly.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

7.Horse-racing fans cannot be considered sportsmen because they are spectators whose primary interest is gambling.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

答案解析：

1.C。题干：打猎和钓鱼主要受到美国男人、年轻人和老人的喜爱。题干中的核心结构huntingand fishing和并列结构men，young and old可作为答案线索，可发现答案相关句为首段第二句，但并没有提到men，young and old，所以选择C。

2.A。题干：职业棒球队在春天和夏天的赛季之后还可以继续在秋天打很长时间的球。题干中的关键词Professional baseball teams和the regular baseball seasons of spring and summer可作为答案线索，发现答案相关句为第二段首句。该句句意与问题句一致，该题主要是考查well into the fall(一直到秋季末)结构的含义。

3.A。题干：棒球和英国的板球有很多共同之处。利用题干中的线索词baseball和cricket寻找答案相关句：可以发现第二段第二句为相关句。该句的句意为“与棒球运动最接近的就是英国的板球”，与题干的.句意一致，选择A。

4.A。题干：足球是一种观赏类体育项目。利用题干中的关键词football和spectator sport找到答案相关句：第一段最后一句。该题考查考生的推断能力：既然最大的足球体育馆能容纳80 000名观众，那么根据spectator sports(观赏性运动)的定义，足球应该是spectator sports。

5.B。题干：与橄榄球相比，许多美国人更喜欢篮球，因为橄榄球比较激烈而且还要穿特殊的服装。将题干中的关键词basketball和football作为答案线索找到答案相关句：在第四段，可知美国人喜欢篮球是因为在冬天也可以玩，而且是速度类项目。题干句的说法与该相关句的说法不一致，故选B。

6.A。题干：美国的篮球在大学很流行，全国的大学每年都举办比赛。利用题干中的关键词Basketball进行定位，发现相关内容在第四段最后一句，故答案为A。

7.A。题干：赛马迷们不被认为是运动员，因为他们是观众，而且首要兴趣是赌博。将题干中的horse.racing fans作为答案线索找到相关句：题干在文章末段。根据相关句群的句意(赛马比赛的吸引人之处是赌博，赛马迷只是对赌博感兴趣)，可知题干的说法与这些相关句的说法一致，故选A。

㈦ 08年考研英语阅读理解第三篇翻译

08年考研英语阅读理解第三篇翻译：
在20世纪60年代早期，Wilt Chamberlain是美国国家篮球协会中仅有的身高超过7英尺的三个人之一。可是如果他参加了上个赛季的话，他就变成了42分之一了。这些年来在较大的职业体育运动中的运动员的身体状况发生了很大的改变，而他们的经理人也更愿意调整队员的运动服来适应队员们更大，更高的身材。
虽然体育界的这种趋势可能蒙蔽了一个没有被承认的现实：美国人基本上停止生长了。虽然现在人们比140年前高了2英寸，特别是那些出生在已移民美国很多代的那些人，但是明显的，在二十世纪60年代早期，已经到达了他们的身高的极限。他们已经不可能再长得更高了。“在这个基因和环境的条件下，现在整体的人们已经长到我们能够达到的范围了，”Wright州大学的人类学家William Cameron Chumlea说道。拿NBA球员来说，他们身高的增加主要由于从世界各地招募到了球员。
身高的增长一般在20岁以后就停止了，而发育是需要能量和营养的，其中的蛋白质用来供给组织的生长。在20世纪初，营养不良和儿童疾病妨碍了整体的发育。但是当饮食和健康的促进，儿童和青少年平均每20年都增长了大概1.5英寸，这就是长高的趋势。根据疾病防治中心，从1960年开始，人们的平均身高，男性5英尺9英寸，女性5英尺4英寸，就没有怎么改变了。
总的说来，避免太高的身高是有很多优点的。在生产时，较大的婴儿通过产道是有更多的问题的。而且，就算人类已经直立行走已经几百万年了，我们的脚和背部继续对抗着巨大的压力，这些压力来源于双足直立的姿势和巨大的肢体。“有一些限制是个体器官的基因结构导致的。”西北大学的人类学家William Leonard说道。
基因的最大化可以改变，但是不要期待它会马上就能发生。Mass州的Natick的军队研究中心的高级人类学家Claire C. Gordon确信百分之九十的入伍新兵不需要更换新的制服和工作站。她说，不像那些篮球制服，军队的制服长度很长时间都没有改变了。如果你需要在不远的将来预测人类的身高而去设计一款新的设备，Gordon说基本上，“你都能够使用现在的数据并且觉得非常地自信。”
Text 3
In the early 1960s Wilt Chamberlain was one of only three players in the National Basketball Association (NBA) listed at over seven feet. If he had played last season, however, he would have been one of 42. The bodies playing major professional sports have changed dramatically over the years, and managers have been more than willing to adjust team uniforms to fit the growing numbers of bigger, longer frames.
The trend in sports, though, may be obscuring an unrecognized reality: Americans have generally stopped growing. Though typically about two inches taller now than 140 years ago, today’s people – especially those born to families who have lived in the U.S. for many generations – apparently reached their limit in the early 1960s. And they aren’t likely to get any taller. “In the general population today, at this genetic, environmental level, we’ve pretty much gone as far as we can go,” says anthropologist William Cameron Chumlea of Wright State University. In the case of NBA players, their increase in height appears to result from the increasingly common practice of recruiting players from all over the world.
Growth, which rarely continues beyond the age of 20, demands calories and nutrients – notably, protein – to feed expanding tissues. At the start of the 20th century, under-nutrition and childhood infections got in the way. But as diet and health improved, children and adolescents have, on average, increased in height by about an inch and a half every 20 years, a pattern known as the secular trend in height. Yet according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, average height – 5′9″ for men, 5′4″ for women – hasn’t really changed since 1960.
Genetically speaking, there are advantages to avoiding substantial height. During childbirth, larger babies have more difficulty passing through the birth canal. Moreover, even though humans have been upright for millions of years, our feet and back continue to struggle with bipedal posture and cannot easily withstand repeated strain imposed by oversize limbs. “There are some real constraints that are set by the genetic architecture of the indivial organism,” says anthropologist William Leonard of Northwestern University.
Genetic maximums can change, but don’t expect this to happen soon. Claire C. Gordon, senior anthropologist at the Army Research Center in Natick, Mass., ensures that 90 percent of the uniforms and workstations fit recruits without alteration. She says that, unlike those for basketball, the length of military uniforms has not changed for some time. And if you need to predict human height in the near future to design a piece of equipment, Gordon says that by and large, “you could use today’s data and feel fairly confident.”

㈧ 英语阅读理解

詹姆斯.克里夫兰.欧文斯是一个农民的儿子、黑人奴隶的孙子。他9岁的时候，他的家迁居到了克利夫兰 。在那里，一个学校老师问这个男孩叫什么名字。

" J.C， "他回答说。

她原以为他说的是 "杰西" ，因此他有了一个新的名字。

欧文斯参加的第一场比赛是在13岁。高中毕业后，他又到美国俄亥俄州州立大学。他不得不做兼职工作来支持他上学。作为一个二年级的学生，在1935年的“十强”运动会上， 他创造了比他一年后在奥运会上还要快的纪录。

在那个“十强赛”的一星期前，欧文斯不小心从楼梯上掉下来。他的背后的伤使他一个星期不能进行锻炼，为了参赛他甚至不得不需要有人帮助他上下汽车。他没有听取很多人让他放弃比赛的建议，并表示他将尽全力一项一项地参赛。他做到了，他创造了一项又一项的纪录。

第二年的柏林奥林匹克运动会是欧文斯的舞台。他的成功不仅被认为是竞技的胜利，也是政治上的胜利。希特勒没有向任何一位非裔美国获奖运动员表示祝贺。

"这对我无所谓 ，" 事后几年，他这样说， "我去柏林并不是为了和他握手" 。

从柏林返回，他也没有收到自己国家总统的电话。其实上，直到他去世的在四年前，也就是1976年，才得到美国给予的荣誉。

欧文斯在奥运会的胜利并没有给他带来任何变化。他靠看护运动场为生，并与汽车、卡车、摩托车和狗赛跑挣钱。

"是的，这让我烦恼，"他后来说。 "，但至少我过着诚实的生活。我要吃饭" 。

终于，他的金牌后来改变了他的人生。 "是这些金牌让我活了下来， "他曾经这样说过。 "时间在我面前停滞不前。夺取金牌的时刻永远闪亮" 。

㈨ 糟糕的足球运动员英语阅读理解

一、制ADCDCBCADCBADCB
二。 1. Yes. /Yes, it is. 2. She is quite tall, withshort fair hair and she wears glasses. 3. Playing classical music, dancing anddoing sports. 4. Because he is in theschool tennis team and he is good at everything. 5. She feels excited.
三、1. E 2. C 3. D 4. B
四、 1. I didn’t hear from 2. I am proudof 3. I’m always afraid of 4. Ispend lots of time playing 5. I willfeel nervous