高中英语阅读理解文章大意
① 怎样做好高考英语阅读理解的主旨大意题
主旨大意题是高考阅读理解的主要题型之一， 旨在考查考生对锻炼大意或者文章中心思想的把握和归纳能力。
解题前先要了解主旨大意题的分类。
大部分情况下，主旨大意题可分为两种，①篇章主旨：针对全文的主题进行提问。主题句出现在首段的居多，其次是末段。②段落主旨：针对某一段或几段的主题提问。主题句可能是段落的首句、末句，也可能需要从上下文中寻找或总结。
所以对于说明文和论述文这2中问题，如果问篇章主旨的话，解题重点在于看首段；段落主旨重点在于看该段首句。
而如果是记叙文，就需要通读全文，看懂全文在讲什么？然后进行回答。
最后必须了解关注主旨大意题干扰项的特点。我们了解干扰项的特点,有助于迅速、果断地排除这些干扰项,从而确定正确的答案.通常情况下,干扰项具有如下五个特点：
1.主题变大.干扰项所归纳、概括的范围变大,超过文章实际所提及的内容.
2.断章取义.干扰项常以文章中的个别信息或个别字眼作为选项的设计内容,或者以次要的事实或细节充当全文的主要观点.
3.以偏概全.干扰项只表述了文章的部分内容,也就是文章的局部信息.
4.无中生有,似是而非.有的干扰项中的关键词语好似在文章中谈到了,但认真分析之后会发现这类干扰项的内容与文章的内容毫无联系.
5.张冠李戴.命题者有意地把属于A的特征放在B的身上,构成一个干扰项.我们不注意的情况下,会造成错选答案.
② 高考英语阅读理解主旨大意题解题技巧
高考英语阅读理解主旨大意题解题技巧
导语：高考复习的重点一是要掌握所有的知识点，二就是要大量的做题，以下是我为大家精心整理的高考英语阅读理解主旨大意题解题技巧，欢迎大家参考！
阅读理解之主旨大意题
我们阅读一篇文章， 首先是要了解其大意， 明确其主旨。因此， 主旨大意题是常考题。主旨大意题包括：主要内容(main idea, mainly about)型、文章标题(title)型、写作目的(purpose)型。广东高考近几年来考查过的题目中mainly about只考过4题，title题考了5题， purpose题考了5题。
解题技巧
1.弄清文章的大意， 关键是找到主题句。
主题句的位置：主题句通常在文首、文末或首尾呼应， 有时也在文中，或没有主题句，需根据文章所述内容进行归纳。各段的主题句也常在该段的首句或尾句。议论文和说明文一般有主题句，但记叙文通常没有主题句，需要归纳。
2.找主题句的方法：用浏览法(skimming)，即
快速阅读文首、文尾，或每段的首句和尾句等，搜索主题线索和主题信息。找主题句的四个小窍门：
(1)段落中出现表转折的词语(如however, but, in fact, actually等)时， 该句很可能是主题句。
(2)首段出现疑问句时， 对该问题的回答很可能就是文章主旨。
(3)作者有意识地反复重复的观点，通常是主旨;反复出现的词语，一般为体现文章主旨的关键词。
(4)表示总结或结论的话常有therefore, thus, in short, conclude, conclusion等。
3.关于干扰项和正确答案。
(1)干扰项可能属文中某个具体事实或细节;可能属文中某些 (不完全的)事实或细节片面推出的错误结论;可能属非文章事实的主观臆断。
(2)正确答案：是根据文章意思全面理解而归纳概括出来的;但不能太笼统、言过其实或以偏概全。
4.在阅读理解中，主旨大意题常有以下几种命题方式： (1)Main idea型：选择项多为陈述句，要求考生选择表达作者思想或观点的.句子。题干多为如下形式：
①What's the main idea/point of the passage?
②The passage is mainly about________.
③The passage is mainly concerned about________.
④Which of the following best states the main idea of the passage?
⑤Which of the following statements best expresses the main idea/theme of the passage?
⑥In this passage the author discusses primarily______.
⑦The subject discussed in this text is________.
⑧The general/main idea of the passage is about________.
(2)Main purpose型：选择项多为动宾结构，要求考生找到主要的写作目的，常见以下几种题干形式：
①What's the purpose of the passage?
②The passage is meant to________.
③The purpose of the article is to________.
④In this passage the writer tries to tell us that________.
⑤The passage tells us that________.
⑥The author's main purpose in writing the passage is to ...
(3)标题型：选择文章标题是另一类对主旨大意题考查的形式，命题形式：
①The best title of the passage is________.
②Which of the following is the best title of the passage?
③The best title for the passage is________.
④The most appropriate title of the passage is________.
In the animal kingdom, weakness can bring about aggression in other animal. This sometimes happens with humans also. But I have found that my weakness brings out the kindness in people. I see it every day when people hold doors for me, pour cream into my coffee, or help me to put on my coat. And I have discovered that it makes them happy.
典型例析
From my wheelchair experience, I see the best in people...Often, we try every way possible to avoid showing our weakness...But only when we stop
pretending we're brave or strong do we allow people to show the kindness that's in them.
30.Which of the following is the best title for the passage?
A.A Wheelchair Experience.
B.Weakness and Kindness.
C.Weakness and Strength.
D.A Driving Experience
解析：主旨大意题。在第一段中，出现了表转折的But...可知，“But I have found that my weakness brings out the kindness in people”便是主题句，再根据第二段最后一句可以确定，这句的确是主题句。又因标题要简明、醒目，故选B。
答案：B
In a world with limited land, water and other natural resources (资源), the harm from the traditional business model is on the rise. Actually, the past decade has seen more and more forests disappearing and globe becoming increasingly warm. People now realize that this unhealthy situation must be changed, and that we must be able to develop in sustainable (可持续的)ways. That means growth with low carbon or development of sustainable
procts.In other words, we should keep the earth healthy while using its supply of natural resources.
Today, sustainable development is a proper trend in many countries....In recent years the markets for sustainable procts have grown by more than 50%.
45.What is the main purpose of the passage?
A.To introce a new business model.
B.To compare two business models.
C.To predict a change of the global market.
D.To advocate sustainable development.
解析：主旨大意题。在第一段中，出现了转折的Actually，其后的“People now realize that this unhealthy situation must be changed，and that we must be able to develop in sustainable(可持续的)ways”是主题句，随后的两句话都是对这一句进
行解释;句中两个must清楚表明了作者“提倡可持续发展”，第二段首句“Today，sustainable development is a proper trend in many countries”进一步说明，作者写这篇文章的主要目的是“提倡可持续发展”。故选D。
答案：D
Although the use of the expression is an insincere, meaningless social custom at times, there is nothing wrong with the sentence except that it is little uninteresting. The salesgirl, the waitress, the teacher, and all the countless others who speak it without thinking may not really care about my day. But in a strange and comfortable way, it's nice to know they care enough to pretend they care when they really don't care all that much. While the expression may not often
be sincere, it is always spoken. The point is that people say it all the time when they like.
30.What is the best title of the passage?
A.Have a Nice Day — a Social Custom
B.Have a Nice Day — a Pleasant Gesture
C.Have a Nice Day — a Heartwarming Greeting
D.Have a Nice Day — a Polite Ending of a Conversation
解析：主旨大意题。由该段的第一句(特别是custom一词)可知。
答案：A
(2013年高考)Imagination and fantasy can play an important role in achieving the things we fear.Children know this very well. Fred Epstein，in his book If I Make It to Five，tells a story he heard from one of friends about Tom，a fouryearold boy with a cancer in his back bone.He came through several operations and a lot of pain by mastering his imagination
…
It doesn't mean that you should dress as a superhero for you next job interview. But，next time you are tested in a way that seems impossible, imagine what it would take to overcome it. Become the person you need to become to win over your challenge and do it in your mind first. So，let your imagination run wild，and dare to dream.
30.What is the purpose of the passage?
A.To tell us an interesting story.
B.To help us make right decisions.
C.To advise us to care about children.
D.To encourage us to use our imagination.
解析：主旨大意题。由文章首句Imagination and fantasy can play an important role in achieving the things we fear和全文末句So, let your imagination run wild, and dare to dream可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是鼓励我们运用我们的想象力。
答案：D
;
这是短文改错,不是阅读理版解权:
knew--know
So--But
very much--very
dive--to dive
it--which /and it
we--you
larger--large
tooth--teeth
a day--the day
colorfully--colorful
④ 高中英语阅读理解说明文
高中英语阅读理解说明文
高中英语教学的核心是阅读，它具有双重性：一是对学生进行阅读技能、技巧的训练，培养其阅读理解能力;而是通过阅读，使学生不断学到新的语言知识，提高学生实际运用英语的能力。英语阅读理解能力是高考考查的重点，下面就跟着我一起来学习一下高中英语阅读理解说明文阅读策略吧!
【高中英语阅读理解说明文阅读策略】
英语阅读理解可以分为论述类、说明类、广告信息类、叙述类和文学类。不同的文章有着不同的语篇结构，不同的语义语言结构和不同的阅读策略。掌握恰当的阅读策略较快地抓住文章的主旨，作者的写作意图，把握篇章结构，了解篇章内容。说明文在近五年江苏高考英语试卷中稳定性出现，可是考生得分率却很低，许多考生存在着不同程度的畏难心理。老师通过引导学生进行正确阅读，获取作者的写作意图，观点和知识，带领学生掌握相应的阅读策略。
一、说明文结构特点
所谓科技说明文，就是指研究自然科学与技术的文章。说明文是对事物或事理进行客观说明的一种文体，它以说明为主要表达方式，通过解说事物或阐明事理，达到教人以知识的目的，在结构上往往采用总分、递进等方式按一定的顺序(如时间、空间、从现象到本质)进行说明。说明文的特点是客观、简练、语言准确、明了，文章很少表达作者的感情倾向。阅读说明文的重点在与读懂它说明的事物或事理，了解事物的性质、构造、成因、功能等，了解事理的含意、特点等。
二、说明文选材特点
最近五年，说明文的出现变化不大，一直很稳定，选材通常是各学科的前沿问题;高科技领域的科研成果;人们比较关心的社会问题;人文方面的经典。
由于阅读理解题的.设置采用渐进式，即由简到难的方式，因此说明文是高考试卷中阅读理解题中相对比较难的，通常后置。
三、说明文语义语言特点
阅读理解试题的中要考点之一是考查学生对词汇和句式的掌握。说明文的词汇和句式的运用较别的体裁的文章难度更大。词汇运用灵活，同一词的不同词性的用法交替出现，未列入考纲的生词较多，通常达到了4-5%。不过考生可以通过说明文的语言特点来帮助理解语篇，例如，同位语、下定义、解释、举例、同义词、反义词、上下义词以及标点符号(如破折号、冒号都有表示解释和说明)等。
四、高考英语对科技说明文的要求
要求考生读懂简易的英语文学作品，科普文章、公告，说明。广告以及书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文章并回答相关问题。考生应能：
理解语篇主旨要义
理解文中具体信息
根据上下文提供的线索推测生词的词义
根据文中事实和线索作出简单的判断和推理
理解文章的宏观结构和文脉逻辑关系
理解作者的观点、意图和态度
根据所读，用恰当的词语补全文章提纲，概括主要内容或作关键词词语转换。
五、高考说明文阅读及解题策略
1.略读
通过整体粗读，领略内容大意，帮助理解，为细读做准备。寻找主题句，获取大意，找出每段的主题。每一篇说明文通常都是围绕一个中心展开的。所以找出主题句，抓住中心，理解主题句与文章的具体事实细节的关系，对文章进行整体理解，获取文章表达的正确信息。
2.跳读
寻找所需信息，如年代、数字、人名、地名等，把握住关键词，利用语法过渡词、语气转折词及时态等，抓住文章脉络。
3.细读
分段细读，注意细节，注意语言结构，抓住关键信息，解释文章结构的内在联系，帮助深化理解。一片文章就是一个有机的整体，段落与段落之间存在着内在的紧密联系，而每段的内容都与主题有着很重要的联系，所以弄清文章结构上的问题，对于把握文章主题，文章大意非常重要。
3.1 主旨大意题
寻找主题句往往是做好此类题的关键。每段的主题句(常在首句、尾句、首尾句、段落中和归纳分析)一般都用来表示一个段落的主旨大意。而整篇文章的主题句往往隐藏在首段或尾段。
通过上面的两道题我们可以看出这类题型在选择项中错误多以干扰项出现，干扰项多属文中某个具体事实或细节、从文中某些 (不完全的) 事实或细节片面推出的错误结论或者是非文章事实的主观臆断
常见的提问形式：
1. The main idea of the passage is ______.
2. Which of the following statements best summarizes the author’s mainpoint?
3. This paragraph centers/focuses on ______.
4. This passage is chiefly concerned with ______.
5. The author’s purpose in writing this passage is ______.
6. What is the best title of the passage?
3.2 细节理解题
该题型难度系数值最低并占阅读理解总数的50%左右。有关细节的问题常对文中某个词语、某句子、某段落等细节及事实进行提问，所提问题一般可直接或间接在文章中找到答案。
最普遍的特征是题干中的某些词语和表达方式与原文的词语和表达方式相吻合，先读题，然后带着问题快速阅读短文，找出与问题有关的词语或句子，再对相关部分进行分析对比，找出答案。
常见的提问形式：
1. Which of the following is TRUE ( Not True) according to theinformation in the passage?
2. Which of the following is mentioned in the passage?
3. The author mentions all the following except ______.
4. In the passage, the author states that ____.
5. 以when, where, who, what, how, why, how many/much等词引导的疑问句。
4.推读
推测未直接写明的含义、因果关系以及词义，学生可以根据上下文猜测在阅读过程中遇到的新单词、新的表达法或语法。这样既提高了阅读的速度又形成了一种能力，这也是英语阅读的关键所在。
4.1 词语猜测题
常在词或短语之间有并列连词and或or，它们连接的两项内容在含义上是接近的或递进的。还有就是对单词进行同义解释中的生词用定语(从句)、表语甚至于用逗号、破折号等标点符号引出并加以解释说明。
做题时尽快找到被测词的文中位置，认真研读上下文，根据整个句子的意思推断;可以根据标点符号猜测;也可以从被测词后的定语从句中或同位语从句中判断;可以通过构词法猜测词义;也可以通过文中的同义和反义词来猜测，可以通过上下文的信息词猜测词义。
常见的提问形式：
Theword could best be replaced by ______.
Whichof the following is the closest in meaning to the word?
Inthe paragraph, the word means (refers to) ______.
4. The underlined word is the closest in meaningto _______.
4.2 推理判断题
考查学生由文章的字面信息推出未知信息或隐含信息的能力，根据文章提供的事实和线索，进行逻辑推理，推测作者未提到的事实或某事发生的可能性、作者的倾向或意图、文章的论调等。
做题时不要脱离原文只凭自已的想象混乱推理或只凭常识推理;答案一定在文章中找到依据或理由，分析材料所提供的全部事实。另外要重视文章的主旨，所选答案的内容一定不能脱离主题大意。
六、说明文阅读的应试心态
我们要树立一种观念，说明文阅读考察的是阅读能力、逻辑思维能力，而不是要求考生全面、系统、透彻弄懂相关的知识。基于此，我们在做说明文试题时，必须排除与选文相关的旧知识的影响，完全靠选文提供的信息作出正确的判断和选择。
;⑤ 高中英语阅读理解之主旨大意的解题方法
高中英语阅读理解之主旨大意的解题技巧
典例剖析1.[2015·江苏高考，C篇]Suppose you become a leader in an organization. It's very likely that you'll want to have volunteers to help with the organization's activities. To do so, it should help to understand why people undertake volunteer work and what keeps their interest in the work.
Let's begin with the question of why people volunteer. Researchers have identified several factors that motivate people to get involved. For example, people volunteer to express personal values related to unselfishness, to expand their range of experiences, and to strengthen social relationships. If volunteer positions do not meet these needs, people may not wish to participate. To select volunteers, you may need to understand the motivations of the people you wish to attract.
People also volunteer because they are required to do so. To increase levels of community service, some schools have launched compulsory volunteer programs. Unfortunately, these programs can shift people's wish of participation from an internal factor (e.g., “I volunteer because it's important to me.”) to an external factor (e.g. ，“I volunteer because I'm required to do so.”). When that happens, people become less likely to volunteer in the future. People must be sensitive to this possibility when they make volunteer activities a must.
Once people begin to volunteer, what leads them to remain in their positions over time? To answer this question, researchers have concted followup studies in which they track volunteers over time. For instance, one study followed 238 volunteers in Florida over a year. One of the most important factors that influenced their satisfaction as volunteers was the amount of suffering they experienced in their volunteer positions. Although this result may not surprise you, it leads to important practical advice. The researchers note that attention should be given to “training methods that would prepare volunteers for troublesome situations or provide them with strategies for coping with the problem they do experience”.
Another study of 302 volunteers at hospitals in Chicago focused on indivial differences in the degree to which people view “volunteer” as an important social role. It was assumed that those people for whom the role of volunteer was most part of their personal identity would also be most likely to continue volunteer work. Participants indicated the degree to which the social role mattered by responding to statements such as “Volunteering in Hospital is an important part of who I am.” Consistent with the researchers' expectations, they found a positive correlation (正相关) between the strength of role identity and the length of time people continued to volunteer. These results, once again, lead to concrete advice: “Once an indivial begins volunteering, continued efforts might focus on developing a volunteer role identity... Items like Tshirts that allow volunteers to be recognized publicly for their contributions can help strengthen role identity.”
QWhat is the best title of the passage?
A.How to Get People to Volunteer
B.How to Study Volunteer Behaviors
C.How to Keep Volunteers' Interest
D.How to Organize Volunteer Activities
[答案]A主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要阐述了人们为什么要做志愿者，和持续进行志愿活动与志愿者身份认同之间的正比关系，并强调要加强对志愿者身份的认同。A项“如何让人们参与志愿者活动”能概括文章中心，适合做标题。故选A。
2.[2015·天津高考，B篇]Whether in the home or the workplace, social robots are going to become a lot more common in the next few years. Social robots are about to bring technology to the everyday world in a more humanized way, said Cynthia Breazeal, chief scientist at the robot company Jibo.
While household robots today do the normal housework, social robots will be much more like companions than mere tools. For example, these robots will be able to distinguish when someone is happy or sad. This allows them to respond more appropriately to the user.
...
QWhat does the passage mainly present?
A.A new design idea of household robots.
B.Marketing strategies for social robots.
C.Information on household robots.
D.An introction to social robots.
[答案]D主旨大意题。第一段第一句“Whether in the home or the workplace, social robots are going to become a lot more common in the next few years.”开篇点题并结合对全文的整体理解可推知，本文是一篇说明文，主要对社交机器人进行了简要的介绍。故选D。
技能演练
CHICAGO (Reuters)Smoking not only can wrinkle (皱纹) the face and turn it yellow—it can do the same to the whole body, researchers reported on Monday.
The study, published in the Archives of Dermatology, shows that smoking affects the skin all over the body—even skin protected from the sun.
...
Smoking can also damage the connective tissue (组织) that supports both die skin and the internal organs.
QThe best title for this passage would be ________.
A.The Danger of Smoking
B.Smoking Causes Skin Aging
C.Quit Smoking for Health
D.A Survey of Smokers
答案：B主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了吸烟影响皮肤，使皮肤衰老。所以选B。
2.British pupils taught by Chinese are better than their peers in maths and science, a new study has found.
In a study aimed at comparing the British and the Chinese school systems, pupils taught by Chinese teachers outperformed the rest of their peers in a series of exams set by an independent research body (The Institute of EcationIOE).
In an experiment for BBC Two's “Are Our Kids Tough Enough? Chinese School”， five teachers from China were responsible for the ecation of 50 students for four weeks at Bohunt School in Hampshire. Learning together in one classroom, the students of mixed abilities were taught in a Chinese style ecation system, with 12 hour days and a stricter learning regime (制度).
...
QWhat's the test mainly talk about?
A.The British students guided by the Chinese teachers behave better than their mates in some aspects of schooling.
B.Chinese teachers are better than American teachers in maths and science.
C.The school systems between China and Britain are so different.
D.The Chinese teachers show a stricter learning to the British students.
答案：A主旨大意题。本文主要讲述由中国老师指导的英国学生在学校的表现比其他学生要好。所以选A。
3.In an incredible feat (技艺) of memory, college lecturer Li Yan, 51, recited every word of an EnglishChinese dictionary, a total of 220,000 words.
The 51yearold business English lecturer at Xi'an Jiaotong University in Xi'an, started to recite the entire content of an EnglishChinese dictionary on August 6, 2013, and completed the task 19 days later. Since that first recitation, she has performed the task 28 times.
“I tried to remember every word in the dictionary in order to make it easier for me to teach my classes，” Li said.
Her perseverance (坚持) comes from a hard life that taught her to keep going forward no matter how many difficulties she encountered.
...
QWhat could be the best title for the text?
A.A Responsible Mother
B.An Effective Teaching Method
C.An Extraordinary Female
D.A Living Dictionary
答案：D主旨大意题。本文主要讲述的是一个大学讲师，通过努力把一部英汉词典全部背过，堪称一部“活词典”。
4.[2016·青岛联考]I work in a nursing home and my job is to take care of the elderly.
This year, a very sweet old lady that I cared for, Alice, had gone through a difficult time. She got dementia and so she had been in the hospital twice. In November I was finally able to get her back to her “home”.
Alice had thought her daughter was coming to visit her on Christmas Day and that they were going to have the whole family together like the old days. When she finally realized that that happy moment was not going to happen, she was very sad. Knowing that her daughter was coming after Christmas was not enough to make her feel happy. I hated the idea of her being alone on the holiday!
On Christmas Eve, I gave her a surprise by asking if she would like to go to a candlelight service at church that night.
Instead of taking her to my church, I took her to her old neighborhood church where all her friends were. We got there early and I got her a seat where her friends could see her as they came in. Then soon some of her friends came to the church and they rushed over to greet her and sit with her.
The candlelight service was beautiful and Alice got a lot of love from her old and new friends there.
The truth of the story is that I am the one who got the best gift: the smile on Alice's face.
QWhat is the best title for this passage?
A.A Special Candlelight Christmas Eve
B.The Dream of All Old Lonely Ladies
C.My Special Job
D.The True Love
答案：A主旨大意题。本文讲述了作者帮助一位老人过了一个特别的烛光平安夜的故事，故选A项。
高中英语阅读理解之指代对象题的解题技巧
典例剖析[2015·浙江高考，C篇]If humans were truly at home under the light of the moon and stars, we would go in darkness happily, the midnight world as visible to us as it is to the vast number of nocturnal (夜间活动的) species on this planet. Instead, we are diurnal creatures, with eyes adapted to living in the sun's light. This is a basic evolutionary fact, even though most of us don't think of ourselves as diurnal beings. Yet it's the only way to explain what we've done to the night: We've engineered it to receive us by filling it with light.
...
QWhat does “it”(Paragraph 1) most probably refer to?
A.The night. B.The moon.
C.The sky. D.The planet.
[答案]A指代判断题。根据第一段中的“even though most of us don't think of ourselves as diurnal beings. Yet it's the only way to explain what we've done to the night: We've engineered it to receive us by filling it with night.”可知，事实上，虽然我们并不承认自己是白昼生物，但很多时候我们总是用光来照亮夜晚，故此处it指代前面的“the night”。故选A项。
2.[2015·湖南高考，A篇]...
Cyclists jump on and off pavements (which are meant for pedestrians), ride at speed along the pavements, and think they have a special right to go through traffic lights when they are on red.
I was almost knocked down recently by a cyclist riding on the pavement when there was a cycle lane right next to him.
Other road users, including horse riders, manage to obey the rules so why not cyclists?
It's about time they had to be registered and insured, so when they do hit a pedestrian or a vehicle, or cause an accident, at least they can be traced and there might be an opportunity to claim.
——JML
Write to Viewpoints of the newspaper.
QThe underlined word “they” in the third letter refers to ________.
A.accidents B.vehicles
C.pedestrians D.cyclists
[答案]D指代判断题。根据第三封信第一段第一句的主语“Cyclists”可知，该信主要是对骑自行车者的抱怨和建议;结合画线词所在句中的“they had to be registered and insured, so when they do hit a pedestrian or a vehicle, or cause an accident”可知，骑自行车者应该注册登记并购买保险，这样当他们撞上行人或车辆，引发事故时，可以被查出，承担责任。由此可推知，“they”指代的是“cyclists”。故D项正确。
3.[2015·福建高考，B篇]...
Papa, as a son of a dirtpoor farmer, left school early and went to work in a factory, for ecation was for the rich then. So, the world became his school. With great interest, he read everything he could lay his hands on, listened to the town elders and learned about the world beyond his tiny hometown. “There's so much to learn，” he'd say. “Though we're born stupid, only the stupid remain that way.” He was determined that none of his children would be denied (拒绝) an ecation.
Thus, Papa insisted that we learn at least one new thing each day. Though, as children, we thought this was crazy, it would never have occurred to us to deny Papa a request. And dinner time seemed perfect for sharing what we had learned. We would talk about the news of the day; no matter how insignificant, it was never taken lightly. Papa would listen carefully and was ready with some comment, always to the point.
QThe underlined word “it” in the second paragraph refers to “________”.
A.one new thing B.a request
C.the news D.some comment
[答案]C指代判断题。根据画线词前面的“We would talk about the news of the day; no matter how insignificant”可知，吃晚饭的时候，作者一家人会谈论这一天所发生的新闻，不管这些事是多么的无关紧要。由此可推知，“it”指代的是这句话中的“the news”。故答案选C。
技能演练Have you heard of the term “tweenager” ? It's a new word being used in the UK to describe children between the ages of about 10 and 12. Why are the media suddenly referring to kids in this way?
Well, more and more companies are beginning to create procts and services for tweenagers. The Disney company sells the Hannah Montana television show, music, films and procts to tweenagers and their parents. You can get everything from branded lunchboxes and cellphones, to fan magazines and clothing. The High School Musical series of films is also intended for a tweenage audience. So, it's all about sales, which tells us tweenagers must have more money, freedom and influence upon their parents than they have ever had before.
...
QThe underlined word “they” in the second paragraph most probably refers to “________”.
A.companies B.sales
C.tweenagers D.their parents
答案：C指代判断题。现在的孩子比以前的孩子有更多的零花钱、更多的自由，以及对家长的影响更大了。这里是拿现在的孩子跟以前的孩子对比，所以选C。
2....
Like Schmid, the editors of several selfpublished art magazines also champion (捍卫) found photographs. One of them,_called simply Found, was born one snowy night in Chicago, when Davy Rothbard returned to his car to find under his wiper (雨刷) an angry note intended for some else：“Why's your car HERE at HER place?” The note became the starting point for Rothbard's addictive publication, which features found photographs sent in by readers, such a poster discovered in our drawer.
...
QThe underlined word “them” in Paragraph 4 refers to ________.
A.the readers
B.the editors
C.the found photographs
D.the selfpublished magazines
答案：D指代判断题。根据第四段第一句“Like Schmid, the editors of several selfpublished art magazines also champion (捍卫) found photographs.”以及第二句中画线后的“called simply Found”可推知，them指代“self-published art magazines”，所以选D。
3.[2016·山西联考]...
The latest Chinese “god song” (an Internet term to describe pop songs that spread virally through the Internet) is still stirring up fierce debates between those who view it as a milestone for Chinese pop music going global and those who regard it as a bad image of China.
Last week, Little Apple, written and performed by the Chopsticks Brothers, won the AMA International Song Award and the_o performed the song at the 2014 American Music Awards in Los Angeles. Another Chinese pop singer, Zhang Jie, won the International Artist Award.
...
QWhat do the underlined words “the o” refer to?
A.Little Apple.
B.Chopsticks Brothers.
C.Zhang Jie.
D.American singers.
答案：B指代判断题。根据第二段的第一句“Last week, Little Apple, written and performed by the Chopsticks Brothers, won the AMA International Song Award and the_o performed the song at the 2014 American Music Awards in Los Angeles.”可推知，the o的意思是“一对表演者”，此处代指《小苹果》的表演者“筷子兄弟”，故选B项。
4.[2016·南昌一模]...
Even if trees cannot walk, they are still on the move.
In parts of the Arctic, entire forests are moving northward. Across the Arctic, temperatures are rising faster than anywhere else in the world. As that happens, the tree line that marks where forests stop and the treeless tundra (冻原) starts has been shifting northward. Trees growing along the tree line must protect themselves from the cold wind. To do this,_plants tend to grow horizontal (水平的) branches low to the ground. The energy it takes for trees to grow this way means they don't have enough energy to make seeds.
QWhat does the underlined word “this” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A.To proce more seeds.
B.To move northward
C.To respond to the climate change.
D.To protect themselves from the cold wind.
⑥ 英语阅读理解主旨大意解题技巧
英语阅读理解主旨大意解题技巧
主旨大意题是高考阅读理解的主要题型之一， 旨在考查考生对锻炼大意或者文章中心思想的把握和归纳能力。此类题数量较大，在15个题中约占3-4个。下面就跟着我一起来详细了解一下主旨大意题的解题技巧吧!
◆主旨大意题的分类
⑴从考查对象上划分，主旨大意题可分为两种
①篇章主旨：针对全文的主题进行提问。主题句出现在首段的居多，其次是末段或为几段主题的综
②段落主旨：针对某一段或几段的主题提问。主题句可能是段落的首句、末句，也可能需要从上下文中寻找或总结。
⑵从考查内容上划分，主旨大意题可分为三种
①主题类(内容)，考查文章或段落的主旨大意;
②目的类，考查文章或段落的写作目的;
③标题类，要求考生选出文章的最佳标题。
◆设问特点：
1. 考查全文主旨或段落大意。
2. 正确选项概况范围大小恰当，主旨判断准确。
3. 错误选项的特点常常是太大、太窄或者偏离主题，主观臆断。
4. 常以main idea, best idea, subject, mainly discuss 等词提问。
◆常考问题：
1). 中心思想类
The main point /idea of the passage is…
The passage is mai nly about…
The passage mainly discusses…
The last but one paragraph is chiefly concerned with…?
Which of the following statements best expresses the main idea of the passage?
2).标题类
Which of the following is the best title of the passage?
The best title for the passage would be …
3).目的类
The author’s main purpose in writing the passage is to …
The passage is meant to ….
In writing this passage, the author mainly intends to…
【技巧点拨】
1. 寻找主题句:
抓住段落或文章主题的捷径之一就是在段落或文章中寻找主题句。主题句是指能表达或概况段落主题或文章主要内容的句子， 通常是一个简洁、完整、具有概况性的句子，较多出现在说明文和议论文中，而其他句子则围绕着主题句展开进行说明解释或扩展。
主题句在文中的位置:
1)开门见山：提出主题----细节支撑阐明主题
2)段末点睛：细节描述----归纳要点---概括主题
3)段中点旨：细节描述---归纳主题---进一步解释
4)无主题句:考生需根据文章中所叙述的事实或提供的线索来概括和总结文章的大意
2. 捕捉关键词：
略读是概括和归纳文章或段落大意的基本方法。略读时要快，把注意力集中在关键词(即实词)上，非关键词(即虚词)则一带而过。注意出现频率高的词可能是蕴涵中心思想的关键词，分析归纳筛选出最能表达主旨或这这意图 的`关键词，继而确定文章的主旨大意。
3. 仔细推敲选项：
1)主旨大意题的干扰项的特点有：
①以偏概全：只阐述了文章的部分内容，也就是文章的局部信息;
②无中生有或似是而非：有的干扰项中的关键词语好像在文章中谈到了，但认真分析之后你会发现这类干扰项的内容与文章的内容毫无联系。
③主题扩大：归纳概括的范围过大，超过文章实际讨论的内容;
④张冠李戴：命题者有意地把属于A的特征放在B的身上，构成一个干扰项。在我们不注意的情况下，会造成错选答案。
2)主旨大意题的正确选项特征
①含有抽象名词和概括性词语的选项往往是正确答案;
②较全面、有针对性地表达文章中心思想的选项一般是答案项。
;⑦ 高中英语阅读理解怎样在看不懂文章大意的情况下做题
英文的阅读理解要做到百分百的准确率需要大量的词汇量和翻译的准确度，再加上自己的理解和总结归纳的能力；做阅读理解就得心应手；但是在对文章翻译一知半解，甚至无解的情况下也有做题的方法；以下是个人读书时期的一些心得，希望对你有帮助；
首先，你通读一遍文章，就是随便看看，发现看不懂；就不要看了；直接跳到问题；先看问题，带着问题再去读一遍文章；应该能把一些简单的题做出来；如果还是没有什麽收获，找到那个提问比较短的问题先解决；
其次，读了问题之后，采取舍本逐末法，直接看最后一个问题，原因是：最后一个问题基本上都是对全文的总结和概括；也就是说你要是读懂了最后一个问题包括选项，即使你不懂全文也知道文章大概说些什麽了；
最后，要懂得前后照应的做题法；意思就是说，有的阅读理解，第一个问题的答案可能就出现在第二题的问题或者选项上，又或者你可以通过第二题的问答选项采用排除法，而得出第一道题的答案；
还有一个方法就是采取段落寻找法，也就是我们所谓的断章取义；找到问题所在文章中的段落，仔细核对问题和答案的选项；然后排除，命中率也是很高的；
忠告：做题要有方法，要自己经常去总结；这些都是招式；招式可以弥补内力的不足，但是不是解决问题的根本方法，所以，日常学习中要加强英语单词和词汇量，多阅读，加强翻译的准确度；毕竟有的阅读理解光靠这样的方法还是很难命中的；
祝你学习顺利；
⑧ 高一英语阅读训练及答案
高一英语阅读训练及答案
阅读理解不但要求掌握所读材料的主旨大意、中心思想，而且要求掌握文章中的详细事实与细节。下面是我整理的高一英语阅读理解训练答案解析，希望能帮到大家!
高一英语阅读训练答案解析
If you know me well, you know I don't like birthday parties. At least, I don't like birthday parties given for me.① I enjoy them when they?re for other people, but when they?re for me, I just don't like them.
I remember one birthday party some friends of mine had for me when I was a student at the university. Of course, I had told my best friend Henry that I didn't want a party and I made him promise he wouldn't do anything. He agreed. I should have known better than to believe him.②
On the day of my birthday, we got home from school at about, oh, I don't know, three or half past three. We went inside and as usual I went into the bathroom and started to close the door when suddenly from behind the shower curtain (浴帘), a kind of strange female(女) voice started singing, “Happy birthday to you, happy birthday to you.”
And then from all over the room, people joined in. There were about fifteen people hiding everywhere in the room.
They had got my roommate's key and got in earlier. They had all planned to come out of the hiding place just at the same time while singing. I guess I really upset their plans by going in just to wash my hands.③ I really upset their plans by going in...
我进去只是洗一下手，却真的`打乱了他们的计划。
by doing sth. 通过做某事的方式。
根据文章内容，选择正确答案：
1. Which of the following sentences is NOT true?
A. I got home from school at 3 or 3:30 on the day of my birthday.
B. I dislike birthday parties held for me.
C. Henry agreed that he would not do anything on my birthday.
D. I knew there were some of my friends hiding in my room.
2. I usually went into the ______ when I got home from school.
A. living?room B. bedroom C. bathroom D. dining room
3. What did my friends plan to do?
A. They planned to leave the room as soon as possible.
B. They planned to sing as loudly as they could.
C. They planned to eat in the bathroom.
D. They had planned to come out of hiding places together.
难句注释
① At least, I don't like birthday parties given for me. 至少我不喜欢为我开的生日晚会。
② I should have known better than to believe him. 我本应知道他要做什么而不该相信他的。 should have known是虚拟语气，意为“本应知道而未知”。
本文讲述了作者的朋友们想为他开生日party以给他意外惊喜的事。
1. D. 由第三段 “I went into the bathroom...when suddenly from behind...”可知“我”并不知情。
2. C. 由第二段 “We went inside and as usual I went into the bathroom...” 推知。
3. D. 由最后一段 “They had all planned to come out of...just at the same time”推知。
;⑨ 高中英语阅读理解技巧
导语：文化意识是得体运用语言的保证。学生要完胜高考阅读理解，就需要在平时就注重对词汇和语法知识的积累并强化多元文化背景材料的阅读，多读国外著名人物演讲稿、科普读物、简装版英文小说、各种适合高三学生的英语阅读刊物。
高中英语阅读理解技巧
1.先审题，后阅读
在做阅读理解部分的试题时，许多学生急于先精读文章，而不看题目所问。期刊文章分类查询,尽在期刊图书馆，而事实上，对于一些特殊的文章首先应该对后面的题目浏览一下，弄清楚每一道题问的是什么，然后再带着问题有目地地阅读文章。
2.精读全文，找到主旨
高考阅读理解的考查点是理解文章的主旨和要义，这就需要我们在读文章时找准文章的主旨句，理解文章大意。一般情况下，在一些新闻报道中，主题句一般都出现在文章的第一段，以概括全文的中心。而在说明文或者议论文中，作者则在段首开门见山地提出文章说明的中心或阐述的观点或在篇末概括全文，少部分文章的中心句出现在句中，而极少部分文章的主旨需要读完全文来进行自我概括。总之，找到主题句对做主旨大意题有很大帮助，而高考阅读理解则以这样的题目出现得较多，也是近几年来考题的一个热点，几乎每个阅读里面都会出现，所以一定要加强这一部分的训练。
3.扫读文章，划出细节
事实细节是文章的有机组成部分，是作者表达中心思想的具体手段。在高考阅读考查中，命题人一般都是通过对文章的细节加以改写，以考查学生准确理解细节的能力，因此，在阅读文章时，要养成边读边划的习惯，把文章中所涉及的时间、数据、地点、原因结果、人名、事实、手段目的等具体细节划出来。这一类题通常以疑问词who/what,when,where,why,which,how等提问。
4.理解文章，推理判断
推理判断题是高考阅读理解题的重头戏，是阅读理解中层次较高的试题，而且作者经常不把我们需要的理解直接表达出来，而是需要我们去领悟文章的内在含义。因此，在阅读文章时，我们应该吃透文章的字面意思，认真体会作者的写作目的，了解作者的态度倾向，注意文章中出现的关键词语。推理判断题题干常用的提问词有：infer,suggest,intend to,the purpose of the passage,conclude等。做这类题一定要谨记：是材料原文的不选，脱离原文的不选。还要注意一些关键的程度副词：probably,most likely,certainly等，有这些副词的存在与否与文章出入很大。
高中英语阅读理解技巧
1. 准确定位，推敲细节
细节理解题需要学生对文章中的特定细节进行辨认和判断，多为直接性提问，难度相对较小，得分率较高，在近五年高考阅读理解题中所占比重较大，因此是学生夺取高分的基础。题干中常见考查信息有六点：时间、地点、人物、原因、事件和方式，简称为“5W1H”。5个W代表 when，where，who，what，why;1个H即how。常见提问方式有：According to the passage，5W or 1H(when， where， who， what， why， how)________?Which of the following is typical of…?What is unique of…?解题时，学生可采用读题干、选项→读文章→做题目的方式，通过题干定位词，找出原文中与正确选项匹配的同义表述，确定正确选项。
2. 忠实原文，理性推理
推理判断题常要求学生推断文章隐含意思、作者写作意图、观点态度、目标读者、文章出处等，其中推断文章隐含意思题较多。推断隐含意思的`题干中常用到infer，imply，suggest，conclude，indicate，learn，intend，mean，describe，purpose等词。
注意四个不选： 对阅读材料简单重复而非推理的选项不选;文中没有谈及却又符合常识的选项不选;对文中提及的内容故意增减的选项不选。属于原文信息但并非题干要求内容的选项不选。对于其他考题，学生可根据文体特征，结合主旨推知文章出处、作者写作意图;结合内容判断作者观点;根据措辞口吻判断目标读者及作者态度(主观、客观、肯定、否定、中立)。
3. 理清篇章结构，归纳主旨/ 段落大意
理清文章结构，不仅有助于学生把握文章脉络结构，理解作者的观点在文中提出、展开的途径，还可帮助学生理解记忆文章的主要信息，学会有选择地阅读文章，从而提高阅读理解速度和准确度。文章的主旨大意常可以通过文章的常见写作方法体现出来。学生阅读文章时，可边分析写作方法，边寻找主题词或主题句，而后总结文章主旨。
4. 突破生僻词汇，剖析长句难句，猜测词义/句意
高考对词汇句意的考查并非简单考查学生的词汇量，而是要求学生根据上下文进行合理推测。可以常识采取以下方法：
(1)“跳过去”“猜出来”。文中出现的生僻词，不影响理解的，学生大胆选择“跳过去”;需要准确理解含义的，则借助情景和上下文“猜出来”。
(2)提取主干。阅读理解中出现的长句难句常带有较多修饰成分，即带有定语从句、状语从句、名词性从句等。理解长句难句的核心思想就是“提取主干”。抓住主干，理清成分有助于对句子的理解。
阅读理解部分的主要特点是：
1.内容新颖，语言地道
几乎所有的阅读材料都来自于国外的媒体或者仅在语言上稍做了加工，但是都保持了原文地道的语言特点。
2.体裁多样，话题广泛
阅读理解考察最多的是说明文，占45%左右，其次为记叙文，占30%左右，应用文和议论文各占15%和10%。
3.题型分布合理，突出智力题目的考察力度
可以下几个方面着手：
(1)理解主旨和主要意义。
(2)理解文中具体信息。
(3)根据上下文推断生词的意义。
(4)做出简单的判断和推理。
(5)理解文章的基本结构。
(6)理解作者的意图，观点和态度。
⑩ 高中英语阅读全文翻译
你好
Napoleon, as a character in Tolstoy’s War and Peace, is more than once described as having “fat little hands.”
拿破仑，这一托尔斯泰笔下著作《战争与和平》中的角色，不只是像曾经描述过的那样“有一双肥肥的小手”
附：character character ['kæriktə]
n. 个性, 品质; 字符; 人物; 名誉; 地位
adj. [剧](角色)代表某一特性的
这里做“角色”之意
Nor does he “sit well of firmly on the horse.”
他也不是“在马背上牢固地坐好。”
附：firmly adv. 坚固地; 坚定地; 稳固地; 坚决
He is said to be “undersized,” with “short legs” and a “round stomach”.
据说他“身材矮小”，有一双“短腿”和一个“圆圆的肚子”。
附：undersized adj. 较一般为小的, 不够大的；尺寸不足的
round adj. 圆的, 圆形的; 丰满的, 圆胖的; 球形的; 巨大的
The issue here is not the accuracy of Tolstoy’s description ---- it seems not that far off from historical accounts ---- but his choice of facts: other things that could be said of the mane are not said.
这篇文章在这里并非是对托尔斯泰描述的纠正（意译）--它（应指托老的《战争与和平》）看起来和历史纪录相差并不遥远--但他（托老）对于事实的选择：其他的事情（如）关于鬃毛的本可以提及则没有被提及。<你确定不是Mane，若这样则可能是个人名>
附：accuracy n. 正确; 准确; 精确性
far off (时间、地点等)遥远的
mane n. （马的）鬃毛
We are meant to understand the difference of a warring commander in the body of a fat little Frenchman.
我们在这里（即指这篇文章）应该了解在这个矮胖的法国人身体中的那个交战司令的不同之处。
附：be meant to do 应做； 照道理（照规矩）应该；为了
例句：You are not meant to do that .
你不该做那个。
What he meant to do with it, and whether he were mad?
他到底打算怎么办,是不是疯了?
warring adj. 敌对的; 交战的
Tolstoy’s Napoleon could be any man wandering in the streets and putting a little of powdered tobacco up his nose ---- and that is the point.
今天的拿破仑可以是任何一个在街上闲逛并（点燃烟斗里的）一小撮烟草粉抽起来的人（意译）--而那就是关键所在。
附：wander v. 漫步, 迷路, 徘徊; 漫游
powdered tobacco 烟草粉
It is a way the novelist uses to show the moral nature of a character.
这是小说家用来展示书中角色之道德品质的一种方法。
附：novelist n. 小说家
moral nature 理性, 道德品质
And it turns out that, as Tolstoy has it, Napoleon is a crazy man.
而结果证明，正如托老所述，拿破仑是个疯子。
附：turn out vt. 翻转, 生产, 关闭, 出动, 证明是
例句:
A vast crowd turned out to watch the match.
大群的观众到场观看比赛。
If the day turns out wet we may have to change our plans.
万一下雨的话，我们也许得改变计划。
The party turned out to be very successful.
晚会结果开得很成功。
In a scene in Book Three of War and Peace, the wars having reached the critical year of 1812, Napoleon receives a representative from the Tsar(沙皇), who has come with peace terms.
在《战争与和平》第三本书的一个场景中，战争已经进行到了至关重要的1812年，拿破仑接待了一位来自沙皇带着和平条件的代表。
附：scene n. 一场; 场面; 一个镜头; 事件
critical adj. 批评的, 危险的, 决定性的; 临界的
receive v. 收到, 接到; 接待, 欢迎; 得到, 遭受, 受到; 接受, 接纳; 收到; 接收; 得到; 会客, 接待
representative n. 代表, 典型, 众议员
peace terms 和平条件
Napoleon is very angry: doesn’t he have more army? He, not the Tsar, is the one to make the terms.
拿破仑非常愤怒：（但）他（拿破仑）还有更多的军队吗？他，而不是沙皇，才更应该做出和平谈判（小意译）
He will destroy all of Europe if this army is stopped.
如果这支军队停止了那他会摧毁整个欧洲。
“That is what you will have gained by engaging me in the war!” he shouts.
“那将是你通过把我卷入战争所得到的！”他（拿破仑）怒吼到。
附：gain v. 得到; 使得到; 获得, 赢得; 增加, 增添; 获利, 赚钱; 取得进展; 得益; 得到改善
engage v. 使忙碌; 预定; 雇佣; 答应; 交战; 从事
shout v. 高呼; 嚷着说出; 大声说出; 叫喊得使...; 呼喊, 喊叫; 大声说; 叫嚷; 大声叫
And then, Tolstoy writes, Napoleon “walked silently several times up and down the room, his fat shoulders moving quickly”.
那时，托尔斯泰写到，“（他）在房间内来来回回安静地走了数次，（伴随着）他的肩膀快速的移动。”
附：up and down 来回地; 到处来回地; 到处
Still later, after reviewing his army amid cheering crowds, Napoleon invites the shaken Russian to dinner.
后来，在拿破仑检阅过他那在欢呼的人群中（经过）的军队后，拿破仑邀请了那颤抖（估计被吓的）俄国人参加晚宴。
附：amid prep. 在...之间; 被...包围; 在...之中
例句:
He sat down amid deafening applause.
他在震耳欲聋的掌声中就坐。
I stood amid a sea of corn.
我站在茫茫一片庄稼之中。
He drank off a glass of beer amid their cheers.
在他们的欢呼声中，他把杯子里的啤酒一饮而尽。
“He raise his hand to the Russian’s…face,” Tolstoy writes, and “taking him by the ear pulled it gently….”
“他（拿破仑）将手举到了那俄国人的脸上”托老写到，然后“轻轻地拉他（俄国人）的耳朵”
To have one’s ear pulled by the Emperor was considered the greatest honor and mark of favor at the French court.
一个人的耳朵若能够被皇帝轻轻拉一下，那是在法式奉承中被认为是最高荣誉的。
附：court n. 法院, 奉承, 庭院（我感觉在这里总不能做“法庭”讲吧）
“Well, well, why don’t you say anything?” said he, as if it was ridiculous in his presence to respect any one but himself, Napoleon.
“好，好，你为何不说话”他（拿破仑）说到，好像在他面前而不尊敬他拿破仑是很荒谬的。
附：ridiculous adj. 荒谬的, 可笑的
Tolstoy did his research, but the composition is his own.
托尔斯泰作了研究，但作品是他自己的。
composition n. 写作; 作品; 作曲; 作文
希望你仍能满意