大学英语二级阅读
1,A "Time is bringing us more people" 时间的推移带来更多的人口
2,B “We make "increasing instrialization"(工业化) our first aim. So we are often ready to offer everything: clean air, pure water, good food, our health and the future of our children. ”
我们让“工业增长”成为我们的首要目标。所以工业化能提供:干净的空气,水质纯净,美味的食物,我们的健康和我们的后代的未来。
3,A “There is a constant flow of people from the country-side into the cities”有大批人从乡村流动到城市
4,D ”The bad news is that we are lost and don't know where we're going“坏消息是我们迷路了，而且不知道要去哪里（对应上一句，速度太快）
5,B 自己的推测
大哥，这么多天你都不采纳，不厚道哦
Ⅱ 大学英语考试过二级考试困难程度
1．词汇：掌握540-590个单词以及由这些单词构成的常用词组。对其中350个左右的常用词要求拼写正确，能英汉互译，并掌握它们的基本用法。
2．听：能听懂英语讲课，对题材熟悉、句子结构简单、基本上没有生词、语速每分钟约100
词的听力材料，两遍可以听懂，理解准确率以70%为合格。
3．说：学会基本的日常用语。能用英语提问并回答教师就课文提出的问题。
4．读：能运用学到的词汇和语法结构正确理解与课文难度相仿的文章，阅读速度达到每分钟35个词。阅读难度略低，生词不超过总数3%的材料，速度达到每分钟60词，理解准确率以70%为合格。
5．写：能运用学到的词汇、语法结构和功能意念组词成句。
二级考试的难易程度与《新编大学英语》和《大学英语》（全新版）系列教材第二册相适应。试题中应有50%—60%的内容与教材有关（包括题材、词汇短语、语法结构、功能意念、语言技能，等等）。
Ⅲ 3月公共英语二级阅读理解真题解析
2015年3月公共英语二级阅读理解真题解析
明天就是公共英语三级考试开考的时间的，本次公共英语三级考试的级别是一到三级。下面是我整理的公共英语二级2015年的阅读理解真题，欢迎阅读!
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的[A]、[B]、[C]和[D]四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Text 1
William Kunz is a computer genius(天才).When he was just 11, Kunz started writing soft-ware programs, and by 14 he had worked out his own computer game.As a high school first-yearstudent in Houston, Texas, he won first prize in a science fair for a program he wrote.In his thirdyear, he took top prize in an international science and engineering fair for designing a program toanalyze and sort DNA patterns.
Kunz went to attend Carnegie Mellon, one of the nation' s highest-ranked universities in computer science.After college he got a job with Oracle in Silicon Valley, writing software used bycompanies around the world.
Three years later, Kunz is in his first year at Harvard Business School.He left software engineering partly because he earned much less than his friends who were going into law or business.
He also worried about job security(保障), especially as more companies move their programmingoutside the country to lower costs.
56.What does the first paragraph mainly tell us?
A.Kunz won several top prizes.
B.Kunz liked taking part in fairs.
C.Kunz designed several programs.
D.Kunz had a gift for programming.
57.What did Kunz study in Carnegie Mellon?
A.Business.
B.Engineering.
C.International law.
D.Computer science.
58.Why did Kunz decide to go to Harvard Business School?
A.to get a secured and better paid job.
B.to improve his working conditions.
C.to start a business with his friends.
D.to go outside the country to work.
原文翻译及答案解析
威廉·库兹是一个计算机天才。当他只有11岁的时候，库兹就开始编写软件程序，到l4岁的时候他已经开发出了自己的电脑游戏。作为德克萨斯州休斯敦的一位高中一年级学生，他编的程序在一次科学展览会中获得了一等奖。高三时，在一次国际科学和工程学展览会中他因为设计出能够分析和分类DNA模式的程序而获得最高奖。库兹上了卡内基梅隆大学，这是全美计算机科学领域最好的大学之一。大学毕业后，他在硅谷的Oracle工作，编写一些全世界许多公司都使用的软件。
三年后，库兹在哈佛商学院就读一年级。他离开软件工程领域一部分原因是他所赚的钱比他那些从事法律和商业的朋友们少得多。他也很担心工作保障，尤其是当更多的公司为了降低费用而把他们的编程公司搬往美国以外的地方时。
56.D【精析】细节题。题干意为“第一段主要告诉我们什么?”本文第一段列举的各个例子都想告诉我们，库兹在编程方面很有天赋。故D正确。
52.D【精析】细节题。题干意为“库兹在卡内基梅隆大学学的是什么?”从本文的第二段的第一句“…one of the nation’s highestranked universities in computer seienee.”可知，他学的是计算机科学，故D正确。
58.A【精析】细节题。题干意为“库兹为什么决定上哈佛商学院?”本文的最后一段告诉我们他后来去读哈佛商学院是因为他所赚的钱比他那些从事法律和商业的朋友们少得多。他也很担心工作保障，尤其是当更多的.公司为了降低费用而把他们的公司搬往美国。
Text 2
Can you imagine life without French fries(炸薯条) ? Potatoes are very popular today.But inthe past this was not true.Potatoes grew in south America five thousand years' ago.But they onlybecame popular in other places two hundred years ago.
In the 1500s, the spanish took the potato from south America to Europe.But the people inEurope did not like this strange vegetable.some people thought that if you ate potatoes your skinwould look like the skin of a potato.Other people could not believe that you ate the undergroundpart of the plant.so they ate the leaves instead.This made them sick because there is poison (毒性) in the leaves.
In the 1800s, people in other parts of the world started to eat potatoes.In Ireland, potatoes became the main food.Then, in 1845, a disease killed all the potatoes in Ireland.Two million people died of hunger.
Today, each country has its own potato dish.The German people eat potato salad, and theUnited States has the baked potato.And, of course, the French invented French fries, which arenow popular all over the world.
59.When did potatoes get well-known outside south America?
A.About 200 years ago.
B.About 300 years ago.
C.About 400 years ago.
D.About 500 years ago.
60.Why did some Europeans refuse to eat potatoes at first?
A.They did not trust the Spanish people then.
B.They were afraid of the poison in potatoes.
C.They were afraid it would cause skin problem.
D.They had never eaten food from abroad before.
61.Why did two million people died in Ireland in 18457
A.They had nothing to eat.
B.They ate the bad potatoes.
C.They ate the potato leaves.
D.They got a terrible disease.
62.What do we know from the last paragraph?
A.Baked potatoes are popular now.
B.People cook potatoes differently.
C.Potatoes are expensive nowadays.
D.The French eat potato dishes most.
原文翻译及答案解析
你能想象没有炸薯条的生活吗?当今薯条很受欢迎。但是过去并非如此。五千年前土豆生长在南美。但是直到两百年前土豆才在别的地方流行起来。
十六世纪，西班牙人把土豆从南美带到了欧洲。但是欧洲人们并不喜欢这种奇怪的蔬菜。一些人认为如果你吃土豆，你的皮肤会看起来像土豆。另一些人无法相信植物长在地下的那一部分也可以吃。因此他们吃土豆的叶子。因为土豆叶子有毒，所以他们都病倒了。十九世纪，世界其他地方的人开始吃土豆。在爱尔兰，土豆成了人们的主食。然后，在1845年，一种疾病杀死了爱尔兰所有的土豆。这使得两百万人死于饥饿。
当今，在每个国家都有土豆做成的菜肴。德国人吃土豆沙拉，美国人吃烤土豆。当然法国人发明了薯条，而现在薯条在全世界都很受欢迎。
59.A【精析】细节题。题干意为“土豆是什么时候开始在南美以外的地方流行的?”从本文第一段的最后一句“But they only became popular in other places two hundred years ago.”可知，直到两百年前土豆才在别的地方流行起来，故A正确。
60.C【精析】细节题。题干意为“为什么某些欧洲人最初拒绝吃土豆?”从文章第二段第三句“some people thought that if you ate pota—toes your skin would look like tlle skin of a potato.”可知，一些人认为如果你吃土豆，你的皮肤会看起来像土豆，故C正确。
61.A【精析】细节题。题干意为“在1845年，爱尔兰为什么会有两百万人死去?”从文章第三段第三、四句“Then，in l845，a disease killedall tlle potmoes in Ireland.Two million people died of hunger.”可知，1845年，一场疾病杀死了爱尔兰所有的土豆，这使得两百万人死于饥饿，故A正确。
62.B【精析】推理题。题干意为“从最后一段，我们可以得出什么?”由最后一段可知，土豆在各个国家都是一道菜，但是做法不同，故B正确。
Text 3
There are a growing number of pet owners who feed pets on raw, which means, "uncooked"
meat and bones.William Burk, a pet food specialist from the Food and Drug Administration(FDA), believes that feeding raw meat to pets is against its goal of protecting the public fromhealth dangers; besides, raw meat and bones do not have all the required nutrition (营养) that a petneeds every day.
Recognizing how popular these foods are, the FDA has provided guidelines for procers ofpet foods that contain uncooked meat for dogs, cats, and other pets.The guidelines give rules toprotect pet owners and pets from dangers about food safety and lack of nutrition.
Pet owners who feed raw meat and bones should deal with these procts very carefully toprotect themselves against possible dangers, says Burk.Just as when preparing foods for humans,use hot water and soap to wash hands, containers, and surfaces that come into contact(接触) withthe food.Don' t put your hands near your mouth until you' ve washed them, and don' t allow yourpet to touch your face right after it has eaten meat.
If owners choose to feed bones to their pets, they should watch their pet carefully when it iseating bones.Burk also says, "If the pet eats a big piece of bone that won' t pass through the digestive system(消化系统), it could kill the pet."
63.What does William Burk think of feeding pets on raw?
A.It'll make the pet owners sick.
B.It' 11 cause the death of other pets.
C.It' s against the policy of the FDA.
D.It' s dangerous and lack of nutrition.
64.Wiry did the FDA provide guidelines for procers of pet foods with raw meat?
A.The quality of pet foods has dropped.
B.Most pets have been lack of nutrition.
C.Pet safety has become a serious problem.
D.Feeding pets on raw has become popular.
65.Those who feed pets on raw should do all the necessary cleaning when
A.preparing raw meat for pets
B.preparing foods for humans
C.touching the food containers
D.bringing your pets for a walk
66.What advice is given to pet owners in the last paragraph? A.Pets should be kept away from raw meat.
B.Pets should be watched when eating bones.
C.Pets should be fed with small pieces of bone.
D.Pets should be checked on the digestive system.
原文翻译及答案解析
有越来越多的宠物主人用未加工的，也就是未煮过的肉和骨头来喂他们的宠物。威廉·伯克，一位来自美国食品与药品管理局的宠物食品专家，认为用未经加工的肉喂宠物违背了保护公众防止其受到健康威胁的目标。此外，未经加工的肉和骨头不能提供宠物每天所需的所有营养物质。
知道这些食物有多么受欢迎之后，美国食品与药品管理局为宠物食品的生产商们提供了指导方针，这些食品包括狗、猫和其他宠物吃的未经加工的肉。这些指导方针列出了一些规则来保护宠物主人和宠物以免遭受有关食品安全和缺乏营养的危险。
伯克说，喂未经加工的肉和骨头的宠物主人应该非常小心地处理这些食品以保护自己免遭可能的危险。正如为人类做饭一样，要用热水和肥皂去洗手、洗容器，并洗一些可能与食物有接触的表面。洗手之前不要把手放在嘴边，在宠物刚刚吃过肉之后不要让宠物碰到你的脸。如果主人选择喂宠物骨头，那么在宠物吃骨头时，一定要在旁边看着。伯克还说，“如果宠物吃一大块不能通过它的消化系统的骨头的话，那会要了它的命。”
63.D【精析】推理题。题干意为“威廉·伯克如何看待喂宠物未煮熟的东西这件事?”由本文第一段可知，伯克认为用未经加工的肉喂宠物有违保护公众防止遭到健康威胁的目标。此外，未经加工的肉和骨头不能提供给宠物们所有它们所需要的营养物质，故D正确。
64.D【精柝】推理题。题干意为“为什么美国食品与药品管理局为宠物食品的生产商提供指导方针?”由本文第二段可知，知道这些食物有多么受欢迎之后，美国食品与药品管理局为宠物食品的生产商们提供指导方针，这些食品包括狗、猫和其他宠物吃的未经加工的肉。这些指导方针列出了一些规则保护宠物主人和宠物以免遭受有关食品安全和缺乏营养的危险，故D正确。
65.A【精析】推理题。题干意为“那些喂宠物吃没有经过加工的食物的主人们需要在什么时候做些必要的清理?”由本文第三段可知，喂未经加工的肉和骨头的宠物主人应该非常小心地处理这些食品以保护自己免遭可能的危险。正如为人类做饭一样，要用热水和肥皂去洗手、洗容器，并洗一些可能与食物有接触的表面。洗手之前不要把手放在嘴边，在宠物刚刚吃过肉之后不要让宠物碰到你的脸，故A正确。
66.B【精析】细节题。题干意为“最后一段作者给宠物主人什么建议?”根据文章最后一段第一句“…they should watch their pet carefully when it is eating bones.”可知，在宠物吃骨头时，主人一定要在旁边看着，故B正确。
Text 4
There are some objects in the sky that move so quickly that sometimes you only see them outof the comer of your eye.These are some of the huge number of bits of rock and st that are floating around in space, called meteoroids.Normally, we cannot see them at all, but if they travel tooclose to the Earth, they get caught by the pull of the Earth, and begin to fall towards us.They fallfaster and faster, until they hit our atmosphere (大气层), by which time they are going so fast thatthey begin to bum up, and all that you see is a flash of light that moves very quickly across the skyand disappears.These shooting stars, or meteors as they are properly called, are quite common,and sometimes you may see several in a night.
Most meteoroids are very small bits indeed, and they bum up long before they get to theEarth.However, a very few do manage to get all the way through the atmosphere, and actually fallto the ground.usually they do not do much damage, although this is not always the case.
Meteoroids that actually manage to reach the Earth are called meteorites.Most countries haveplaces where meteorites have struck the Earth.some of these places are very large indeed and aretourist attractions.
67.Why do some objects from outer space fall to the ground?
A.They are too big.
B.They are hit by huge rocks.
C.They move too fast.
D.They are pulled by the Earth.
68.What do we know about meteors from the text?
A.They become a star in the sky.
B.They are too small to be seen.
C.They disappear very quickly.
D.They do damage to the Earth.
69.What happens to most meteoroids coming into the atmosphere?
A.They bum up.
B.They fall to earth.
C.They explode.
D.The float in the air.
70.The word "meteorites"( Line 1, Para.3)refers to pieces of rock that
A.move fast in outer space
B .have been found at a tourist centre
C.flash through space at a high speed
D.have fallen onto the Earth from space
原文翻译及答案解析
天空中许多物体移动速度如此之快,以至于有时它们在你眼前转瞬即逝.它们是漂浮在空中被称为流星体的许多巨大的岩石和灰尘的碎片.通常我们根本看不见它们,但是如果它们太靠近地球,就会被地球引力吸住,开始向我们掉落.它们下降的速度越来越快,直到它们穿过大气层,那时它们的速度如此之快以至于它们开始燃烧,你所能看到的只是一道光划过天空,然后消失不见.这些疾驰的星星,或称流星(他们恰当的称谓),是十分常见的.有时候一晚上就可以看见好几个.
事实上大多数流星体都非常小,在它们到达地球之前就已经燃烧了很久.然而只有很少的能够一路穿过大气层,真正地掉落到地面.通常它们不会造成什么伤害,虽然也有例外.
真的到达地面的流星被称为陨石.大多数国家都有一些地方有陨石掉落.事实上某些地方的陨石如此之大,已经成了旅游景点.
67.D【精析】细节题.题干意为“为什么外太空的一些物体会掉落到地面?”根据文章第一段第三句“Normally,we cannot see them at a11.but if they travel too close to the Earth.they get caught by the pull of the Earth,and begin to fall towards US.”可知,作者认为通常我们根本看不见它们,但是如果它们太靠近地球,它们就会被地球引力吸住,开始向我们掉落,故D正确.
68.C【精析】细节题.题干意为“从文中我们对流星有哪些了解?”从文章第一段第四句话可知,那时它们的速度如此之快以至于它们开始燃烧,你所能看到的只是一道光划过天空,然后消失不见.由此推出,流星消失得非常快,故C正确.
69.A【精析】推理题.题干意为“大部分流星在穿过大气层时会发生什么?”由文章第一段可知,那时它们的速度如此之快以至于它们开始燃烧,你所能看到的只是一道光划过天空,然后消失不见.由此推出,流星穿过大气层时会燃烧,故A正确.
70.D【精析】细节题.题干意为“‘meteorites’(第三段第一行)是指那些__________的石头碎片.”根据本文第三段第一句话“Meteoroids that actually manage to reach the Earth are called meteorites.”可知,真的到达地面的流星被称为陨石,故D正确.
;Ⅳ 大学专科的英语二级考试是什么水平呢，复习的话看什么类型的谢谢
全国英语等级考试二级即PETS2，是中下级，通过该级考试的考生，其英语水平基本满足进入高等院校继续学习的要求，同时也基本符合诸如宾馆前台服务员、一般银行职员、涉外企业一般员工，以及同层次其他工作在对外交往中的基本需要。该级考生应能在熟悉的情景中进行简单对话。
全国英语等级考试（Public English Test System，简称PETS），是教育部考试中心设计并负责的全国性英语水平考试体系。作为中、英两国政府的教育交流合作项目，在设计过程中它得到了英国专家的技术支持。 级别划分为PETS－1至5级。
考试分笔试和口试两部分，内容包括：听力、语言知识、阅读、写作、口语。笔试和口试均合格者，由教育部考试中心颁发给《全国英语等级考试合格证书》。合格证书既可作为持有者英语能力水平的权威性证明；又可为各地各单位对其所用人才的英语水平提供一个公正、统一的评价尺度。
PETS－1：一级是初始级，其考试要求略高于初中毕业生的英语水平（PETS－1B是全国英语等级考试的附属级）。
PETS－2：二级是中下级，相当于普通高中优秀毕业生的英语水平（此级别笔试合格成绩可替代自学考试专科阶段英语（一）、文凭考试基础英语考试成绩）。
PETS－3：三级是中间级，相当于我国学生高中毕业后在大专院校又学了两年公共英语或自学了同等程度英语课程的水平。（此级别笔试合格成绩可替代自学考试本科阶段英语（二）考试成绩。）
Ⅳ 英语2级考试考些什么内容，有什么要求吗
内容包括：听力、语言知识、阅读、写作、口语。二级是中下级，需要掌握2000以上的词汇量，通过该级考试的考生，其英语水平基本满足进入高等院校继续学习的要求，同时也基本符合诸如宾馆前台服务员、一般银行职员、涉外企业一般员工，以及同层次其他工作在对外交往中的基本需要。该级考生应能在熟悉的情景中进行简单对话。
(5)大学英语二级阅读扩展阅读
PETS2（英语2级）的报考的条件和要求：
PETS2在考生资格方面，无职业、户籍以及受教育程度的限制，原则上任何人（但因政策原因，暂不面向仍在接受九年义务教育的学生）都可参加。考生可以根据自己的英语水平选择参加其中任何一个级别的考试，但是，一次只能参加一个级别的考试。
报名时，使用有效身份证件包括居民身份证（含临时身份证）、军人证件、港澳居民来往内地通行证、台湾居民往来大陆通行证或护照，按步骤注册、填写个人报名信息。报名时应按规定上传近期正面免冠证件照一张。
报考者应确保报名时的个人信息资料真实、正确，并对个人信息不真实或不正确而导致无法参加考试以及其它直接或间接的后果负责。
考试时所持身份证件必须与报名时一致，证件不一致者不得参加考试。需要使用耳机的考点，若考生听力考试时不戴耳机，按违规处理。
Ⅵ 现代大学英语(第二版)精读2同步测试part4阅读理解答案
1.Using anybody/anyone, somebody/someone, everybody/everyone, nobody/no one.
1) anybody (usually in questions) / somebody (when you expect a ―yes‖ answer 2) anybody else‘ 3) Everybody
4) everyone, Nobody 5) no one else 6) No one
7) anyone (in questions) 8) someone else 9) Everyone, no one 10) Nobody
2. Using anything, something, everything, nothing.
1) everything 2) something (when ―yes‖ is expected) /anything 3) nothing 4) something, anything 5) something 6) nothing 7) anything 8) Something, anything 9) something (10) nothing
3. Fill in each blank with ONE suitable word.
(1) made (2) while (3) scheled (4) took (5) takeoff
(6) by (7) But (8) dangerous (9) turn (10) Something
4. Translate the sentences using an appositive clause.
1) The fact that he is somebody‘s relative won‘t change our opinion of him.
2) The wives of the miners trapped in the pit for three days were overjoyed by the news that their men had all been rescued. 3) We must accept the possibility that we might be wrong.
4) There‘s little hope that the patient will survive.
5) The faculty shares the opinion that the majority of this year‘s freshmen are promising.
6) In spite of our economic growth, we should bear/keep in mind the fact that ours is still a developing country.
7) We should hear his explanation before we jump to the conclusion that he‘s to blame.
8) There aren‘t many people who still cling to the idea that man should conquer nature rather than live in harmony with it. 5. Identify and correct the mistake in each of the sentences.
1) Everyone in our class went to the international book fair.
2) Every one of their new procts became popular soon after it was
launched.
3) The Chinese Delegation expressed the hope that the two sides would soon stop fighting in the area.
4) I don‘t like the way (in which) he speaks to his patients. 5) Is there anyone in the office?
6) I think it was the director‘s fault, and nobody else is responsible for the disaster.
7) Has anyone got anything important to say?
8) Lee Ying can’t be in the library. I saw her going to the sports ground just a moment ago.
9) If the firefighters hadn‘t been caught in a traffic jam, they would have arrived an hour early.
10) Not only did the medical team save many earthquake victims, but they also helped them to recover from the shock.
Ⅶ 大学英语(二)阅读理解，求助~~~
比尔和他的家人一直住在six-family多年的建设。所有的邻居相处得相当好彼此直到最近。
一个老人和他的妻子曾住在二楼。比尔的母亲和老太太是好朋友。不幸的是,老夫人于上个月去世。她的丈夫不能独自生活,所以他有他的孙子移过来,和他一起生活。
孙子已经成为一个问题,所有的邻居,尤其是对比尔的家庭。的建筑的墙很瘦,他爱吵闹。比尔是用于和平和安静。但是这个年轻人喜欢收音机深夜。有时他的朋友访问和他们制造很多噪音。这是太多了比尔的家庭。
比尔的母亲曾经问老人礼貌地如果他能在晚上睡得好,但很明显那人不明白她是什么意思。如果他这么做了,就对他的孙子,这个年轻人显然不听,因为事情没有改变。每个人都在比尔的家人同意,必须做些什么,尽管他们不想伤害善良的老男人。
1,比尔的家人生气,因为_____。
一个,老妇人已经死了
B,一个年轻人搬进来
C,老人不能独自生活
D,祖父发出很大的噪音
2,下列哪个陈述是正确的?
一个,老人就活不下去的妻子的帮助。
B,老男人和妻子有时也在制造麻烦。
C,比尔的母亲对她很好邻居。
D,比尔的母亲是唯一一种他喜欢的年轻人。
3,孙子弄出很大的噪音作为_____。
一个,他从不认为别人会不高兴的周围噪音太大
B很薄的建筑的墙
C,他喜欢在晚上听收音机
D、朋友的访问
4,似乎_____。来解决这个问题。
一个,任何人都可以
B,只有祖父会
C,比尔的母亲能
D,可能没有人
5,最好的标题是……的通道。
一个,好Neighbcurs
B,一个老人的悲惨故事
C,新的问题与邻国
D,比尔的何鸿燊
Ⅷ 公共英语二级阅读理解扩展文章
公共英语二级阅读理解扩展文章 篇1
Prices determine how resources are to be used. They are also the means by which procts and services that are in limited supply are rationed among buyers. The price system of the United States is a complex network composed of the prices of all the procts bought and sold in the economy as well as those of a myriad of services, including labor, professional, transportation, and public-utility services. The interrelationships of all these prices make up the"system" of prices. The price of any particular proct or service is linked to a broad, complicated system of prices in which everything seems to depend more or less upon everything else.
If one were to ask a group of randomly selected indivials to define "price", many would reply that price is an amount of money paid by the buyer to the seller of a proct or service or, in other words, that price is the money value of a proct or service as agreed upon in a market transaction. This definition is, of course, valid as far as it goes. For a complete understanding of a price in any particular transaction, much more than the amount of money involved must be known. Both the buyer and the seller should be familiar with not only the money amount, but with the amount and quality of the proct or service to be exchanged, the time and place at which the exchange will take place and payment will be made, the form of money to be used, the credit terms and discounts that apply to the transaction, guarantees on the proct or service, delivery terms, return privileges, and other factors. In other words, both buyer and seller should be fully aware of all the factors that comprise the total "package" being exchanged for the asked-for amount of money in order that they may evaluate a given price.
价格决定资源的使用方式。价格也是有限的产品与服务在买方中的配给手段。美国的价格系统是复杂的网状系统，包括经济生活中一切产品买卖的价格，也包括名目繁多的各种服务，诸如劳动力、专职人员、交通运输、公共事业等服务的价格。所有这些价格的内在联系构成了价格系统。任何一种个别产品或服务的价格都与这个庞大而复杂的系统密切相关，而且或多或少地受到系统中其它成份的制约。
如果随机挑选一群人，问问他们如何定义"价格"，许多人会回答价格就是根据卖方提供的产品或服务，买方向其付出的钱数。换句话说，价格就是市场交易中大家认同的产品或服务的货币量。该定义就其本身来说自有其道理。但要获得对价格在任何一桩交易中的完整认识，就必须考虑到大量"非货币"因素的影响。买卖双方不但要清楚交易中的钱数，而且要非常熟悉交易物的质量和数量，交易的时间、地点，采用哪种形式付款，有怎样的'缓付和优惠，对交易物的质量保证、交货条款、退赔权利等等。也就是说，为了能估算索价，买卖双方必须通晓构成交易物价格的通盘细节。
公共英语二级阅读理解扩展文章 篇2
Andrew Carnegie, known as the King of Steel, built the steel instry in the United States, and, in the process, became one of the wealthiest men in America. His success resulted in part from his ability to sell the proct and in part from his policy of expanding ring periods of economic decline, when most of his competitors were recing their investments.
Carnegie believed that indivials should progress through hard work, but he also felt strongly that the wealthy should use their fortunes for the benefit of society. He opposed charity, preferring instead to provide ecational opportunities that would allow others to help themselves. "He who dies rich, dies disgraced, " he often said.Among his more noteworthy contributions to society are those that bear his name, including the Carnegie Institute of Pittsburgh, which has a library, a museum of fine arts, and a museum of national history. He also founded a school of technology that is now part of Carnegie-Mellon University. Other philanthropic gifts are the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace to promote understanding between nations, the Carnegie Institute of Washington to fund scientific research, and Carnegie Hall to provide a center for the arts.
Few Americans have been left untouched by Andrew Carnegie's generosity. His contributions of more than five million dollars established 2,500 libraries in small communities throughout the country and formed the nucleus of the public library system that we all enjoy today.
被称作钢铁大王的安德鲁·卡内基在美国建立了钢铁工业。在这个过程中，他变成了美国最富有的人之一。 他的成功，部分来自于他销售产品的能力，部分来自于经济萧条时期的扩充策略。在萧条时期，他的多数对手都在缩减投资。
卡内基认为个人应该通过努力工作来获得进展，但他也强烈地感到有钱人应该运用他们的财富来为社会谋 取福利。他反对施舍救济，更愿意提供教育机会，使别人自立。卡内基经常说："富有着死去的人死得可耻。"他对社会的较重要的贡献都以他的名字命名。这些贡献包括匹兹堡卡内基学校。这个学校有一个图书馆，一个美术馆和一个国家历史博物馆;他还创立了一所技术学校，这所学校现在是卡内基梅隆大学的一部分;其他的慈善捐赠有为促进国家间了解的"卡内基国际和平基金"，为科学研究提供经费的华盛顿卡内基学院以及给各种艺术活动提供活动中心的卡内基音乐厅。
安德鲁·卡内基的慷慨大度几乎影响到每个美国人的生活。由于他超过五百万美元的捐款，2500 个图书馆得以建立起来，遍布在美国各地的小村镇，形成了我们今天还在享用的公共图书馆系统的核心。
公共英语二级阅读理解扩展文章 篇3
Jogging has become the most popular indivial sport in America. Many theories, even some mystical ones, have been advanced to explain the popularity of jogging. The plain truth is that jogging is a cheap, quick and efficient way to maintain physical fitness.
The most useful sort of exercise is exercise that develops the heart, lungs, and circulatory systems. If these systems are fit, the body is ready for almost any sport and for almost any sudden demand made by work or emergencies. One can train more specifically, as by developing strength for weight lifting or the ability to run straight ahead for short distances with great power s in football, but running trains your heart and lungs to deliver oxygen more efficiently to all parts of your body. It is worth noting that this sort of exercise is the only kind that can rece heart disease, the number one cause of death in America.
Only one sort of equipment is needed a good pair of shoes. Physicians advise beginning joggers not to run in a tennis or gym shoe. Many design advances have been made in only the last several years that make an excellent running shoe in dispensable if a runner wishes to develop as quickly as possible, with as little chance of injury as possible. A good running shoe will have a soft pad for absorbing shock, as well as a slightly built-up heel and a full heelcup that will give the knee and ankle more stability. A wise investment in good shoes will prevent bilisters and the foot, ankle and knee injures and will also enable the wearer to run on paved or soft surfaces.
公共英语二级阅读理解扩展文章 篇4
Upon reaching an appropriate age (usually between 18 and 21 years), children are encouraged, but not forced, to “leave the nest” and begin an independent life. After children leave home they often find social relationship and financial support outside the family. Parents do not arrange marriages for their children, nor do children usually ask permission of their parents to get married, Romantic love is most often the basis for marriage in the United States; young alts meet their future spouses through other friends, at jobs, and in organizations and religious institutions, Although children choose their own spouses, they still hope their parents will approve of their choices.
In many families, parents feel that children should make major life decisions by themselves. A parent may try to influence a child to follow a particular profession but the child is free to choose another career. Sometimes children do precisely the opposite of what their parents wish in order to assert their independence. A son may deliberately decide not to go into his father’s business because of a fear that he will lose his autonomy in his father’s workplace. This independence from parents is not an indication that parents and children do not love each other. Strong love between parents and children is universal and this is no exception in the American family Coexisting with such love in the American family are cultural values of self – reliance and independence.
子女一旦到适当年龄(通常是18至21岁)，要鼓励而不是强迫他们“离开窝的，财政的巢”，开始独立生活。小孩离开家后，往往在外能够与人交往，并自谋出路。父母不为子女安排婚姻，子女结婚也通常无需获得父母同意。在美国，浪漫的爱情往往是婚姻的基础，通过朋友在学校、单位、组织以及宗教团体认识自己的，爱情的未来的伴侣。尽管子女自己择偶，他们仍然希望父母能认同他们的选择。
许多家庭的父母认为，应由子女自己来做他们生活中的重大决定。家长可能会设法影响子女去从事某一职业，但子女也有选择其它职业的自由。有时为了证实自己的独立性，子女从事的工作正好与父母希望的相反。儿子可能执意不去父亲的企业工作，因为担心在那里就不能独立自主。这种不依靠父母的独立性并不意味着父母与子女之间缺乏爱心。父母和子女之间普遍都有挚爱，美国家庭也毫不例外。只不过在美国家庭之中，还融合了自主、独立的文化价值观念。
公共英语二级阅读理解扩展文章 篇5
A painter hangs his or her finished pictures on a wall, and everyone can see it. A composer writes a work, but no one can hear it until it is performed. Professional singers and players have great responsibilities, for the composer is utterly dependent on them. A student of music needs as long and as arous a training to become a performer as a medical student needs to become a doctor. Most training is concerned with technique, for musicians have to have the muscular proficiency of an athlete or a ballet dancer. Singers practice breathing every day, as their vocal chords would be inadequate without controlled muscular support. String players practice moving the fingers of the left hand up and down, while drawing the bow to and fro with the right arm-two entirely different movements.
Singers and instruments have to be able to get every note perfectly in tune. Pianists are spared this particular anxiety, for the notes are already there, waiting for them, and it is the piano tuner’s responsibility to tune the instrument for them. But they have their own difficulties; the hammers that hit the string have to be coaxed not to sound like percussion, and each overlapping tone has to sound clear.
This problem of getting clear texture is one that confronts student conctors: they have to learn to know every note of the music and how it should sound, and they have to aim at controlling these sound with fanatical but selfless authority.
Technique is of no use unless it is combined with musical knowledge and understanding. Great artists are those who are so thoroughly at home in the language of music that they can enjoy performing works written in any century.
公共英语二级阅读理解扩展文章 篇6
Every weekday morning I take the 8:30 bus to go to my job. I know by sight several people who also fide that bus. Some of the girls work as maids. They get off at each stop in ones, twos or threes.
But at one corner something wonderful happens. Before the bus stops, a little dog races out of the nearest house. He doesn't look at two of the maids who get off. But for the third he has a joyful "Hello!". From head to tail his little body wags his happiness. Everyone on the bus watches until the maid and the dog go into the house.
One day not long ago the maid wasn't on the bus. I wondered if the dog would be waiting for her. Sure enough, he was!
He stood at the back door of the bus for a minute. I could see his joyful welcome turning into fearful worry. Where was she?
The driver closed the back door. The dog raced to the front door. It, too, shut in his face.
Everyone on the bus felt sad. Poor little pup! He looked so unhappy, standing there!
The driver couldn't stand it. He opened the door and looked down at the dog. "She didn't come today," he said, in a loud, kind voice.
A man in a front seat leaned forward. "Maybe she will come tomorrow," he called.
The dog wagged his tail as if to say "thank you." He watched the bus as we pulled away. Then he turned to trot home ── alone.
The next day everyone on the bus was happy to see the maid back again. Yes, the dog was waiting for her.
The welcome he gave her was even warmer and more delighted than usual. We all smiled at one another. How bright and good the morning suddenly seemed to us!
公共英语二级阅读理解扩展文章 篇7
There was a time in my life when beauty meant something special to me. I guess that would have been when I was about six or seven years old, just several weeks or maybe a month before the orphanage turned me into an old man.
I would get up every morning at the orphanage, make my bed just like the little soldier that I had become and then I would get into one of the two straight lines and march to breakfast with the other twenty or thirty boys who also lived in my dormitory.
After breakfast one Saturday morning I returned to the dormitory and saw the house parent chasing the beautiful monarch butterflies who lived by the hundreds in the azalea bushes strewn around the orphanage.
I carefully watched as he caught these beautiful creatures, one after the other, and then took them from the net and then stuck straight pins through their head and wings, pinning them onto a heavy cardboard sheet.
How cruel it was to kill something of such beauty. I had walked many times out into the bushes, all by myself, just so the butterflies could land on my head, face and hands so I could look at them up close.
When the telephone rang the house parent laid the large cardboard paper down on the back cement step and went inside to answer the phone. I walked up to the cardboard and looked at the one butterfly who he had just pinned to the large paper. It was still moving about so I reached down and touched it on the wing causing one of the pins to fall out. It started flying around and around trying to get away but it was still pinned by the one wing with the other straight pin. Finally it's wing broke off and the butterfly fell to the ground and just quivered.
I picked up the torn wing and the butterfly and I spat on it's wing and tried to get it to stick back on so it could fly away and be free before the house parent came back. But it would not stay on him.
The next thing I knew the house parent came walking back out of the back door by the garbage room and started yelling at me. I told him that I did not do anything but he did not believe me. He picked up the cardboard paper and started hitting me on the top of the head. There were all kinds of butterfly pieces going everywhere. He threw the cardboard down on the ground and told me to pick it up and put it in the garbage can inside the back room of the dormitory and then he left.
I sat there in the dirt, by that big old tree, for the longest time trying to fit all the butterfly pieces back together so I could bury them whole, but it was too hard to do. So I prayed for them and then I put them in an old torn up shoe box and I buried them in the bottom of the fort that I had built in the ground, out by the large bamboos, near the blackberry bushes.
Every year when the butterflies would return to the orphanage and try to land on me I would try and shoo them away because they did not know that the orphanage was a bad place to live and a very bad place to die.
公共英语二级阅读理解扩展文章 篇8
For many people in the U.S., sports are not just for fun. Theyre almost a religion. Thousands of sports fans buy expensive tickets to watch their favorite teams and athletes play in person.
Other fans watch the games at home, glued to their TV sets. Americas devotion to athletics has created a new class of wealthy people: professional athletes. Sports stars often receive million-dollar salaries. Some even make big money appearing in advertisements for soft drinks, shoes and even toiletries.
对许多的美国人而言，运动不只是为了好玩。它几乎成了一种宗教崇拜，数以千计的运动迷会为了能亲眼目睹他们喜爱的球队或运动员比赛而出高价购买门票。
其它的球迷则守在家里寸步不离地收看电视转播。美国人对于运动的投入形成了一个新的富有阶级：职业运动员。运动明星通常会收到上百万元的薪水。其中有些人甚至是因为替饮料、鞋，甚至个人化妆用品拍广告而赚了一大笔钱。
公共英语二级阅读理解扩展文章 篇9
Not all Americans worship sports, but athletics are an important part of their culture. Throughout their school life, Americans learn to play many sports. All students take physical ecation classes in school.
Many people also enjoy non-competitive activities like hiking, biking, horseback riding, camping or hunting. To communicate with American sports nuts, it helps if you can talk sports.
并非所有的美国人都崇拜运动，但运动的确是他们文化当中极为重要的一部份。在他们的学校生活当中，美国人学习许多运动。所有的学生都必须在学校修体育课。
许多人也喜欢从事一些非竞争性的活动像健行、骑单车、骑马、露营或打猎。要和美国运动迷沟通，最好是能畅谈运动。
公共英语二级阅读理解扩展文章 篇10
Through the changes in the ways of making a living in a family over several generations, the cartoon aims at sounding a warning against mans wasteful use of natural resources and emphasizing the urgent need to preserve these resources.
Ever since man appeared on the earth, mans survival has been heavily relied on nature. Almost everything we use in our everyday life comes from nature, ranging from the food we eat, the water we drink, to the wood which is turned into furiture. With the development of technology and population growth, the amount and range of materials used has increased at an alarming rate. However, natural resources are not inexhaustible. Some reserves are already on the brink of exhaustion and there is no hope of replacing them. The widespread water shortage is an example in point. If man continued to squander natural resources with no thought for the future, the later generations would end up selling sand, as is the case in the cartoon, and the whole world would be in a mess.
Time is running out. It is up to us to take effective measures before the situation gets out of hand.