英语四级阅读理解题目及答案解析
下面是我整理的，希望对大家有帮助。
When one looks back upon the fifteen hundred years that are the life span of the English language, he should be able to notice a number of significant truths. The history of our language has always been a history of constant change—at times a slow, almost imperceptible change, at other times a violent collision between two languages. Our language has always been a living growing organi *** , it has never been static. Another significant truth that emerges from such a study is that language at all times has been the possession not of one class or group but of many. 『At one extreme it has been the property of the mon, ignorant folk, who have used it in the daily business of their living, much as they have used their animals or the kitchen pots and pans.』① At the other extreme it has been the treasure of those who have respected it as an instrument and a sign of civilization, and who have struggled by writing it down to give it some permanence, order, dignity, and if possible, a little beauty.
As we consider our changing language, we should note here two developments that are of special and immediate importance to us. One is that since the time of the Anglo-Saxons there has been an almost plete reversal of the different devices for showing the relationship of words in a sentence. Anglo-Saxon ***old English*** was a language of many inflections. Modern English has few inflections. We must now depend largely on word order and function words to convey the meanings that the older language did by means of changes in the forms of words. Function words, you should understand, are words such as prepositions, conjunctions, and a few others that are used primarily to show relationships among other words. A few inflections, however, have survived. And when some word inflections e into conflict with word order, there may be trouble for the users of the language, as we shall see later when we turn our attention to such maters as WHO or WHOM and ME or I. The second fact we must consider is that as language itself changes, our attitudes toward language forms change also. 『The eighteenth century, for example, proced from various sources a tendency to fix the language into patterns not always set in and grew, until at the present time there is a strong tendency to restudy and re-evaluate language practices in terms of the ways in which people speak and write.』②
1.In contrast to the earlier linguists, modern linguists tend to .
A. attempt to continue the standardization of the language
B. evaluate language practices in terms of current speech rather than standards or proper patterns
C. be more concerned about the improvement of the language than its *** ysis or history
D. be more aware of the rules of the language usage
2.Choose the appropriate meaning for the word “inflection” used in line 4 of paragraph 2.
A. Changes in the forms of words.
B. Changes in sentence structures.
C. Changes in spelling rules.
D. Words that have similar meanings.
3.Which of the following statements is not mentioned in the passage? A. It is generally believed that the year 1500 can be set as the beginning of the modern English language.
B. Some other languages had great influence on the English language at some stages of its development.
C. The English language has been and still in a state of relatively constant change.
D. Many classes or groups have contributed to the development of the English language.
4. The author of these paragraphs is probably a***an*** .
A. historian B. philosopher C. anthropologist D. linguist
5.Which of the following can be best used as the title of the passage? A. The history of the English language.
B. Our changing attitude towards the English language.
C. Our changing language.
D. Some characteristics of modern English.
Vocabulary
1. span n. 跨度，范围，一段时间，期间
2. imperceptible adj. 感觉不到的，觉察不到的，极细微的
3. organi *** n. 生物体，有机体
4. possession n. 拥有，占有，领土，领地
5. ignorant adj. 无知的 6. folk n. 人们，民族
7. permanence n. 永久，持久
8. Anglo-Saxons n. 盎格鲁—撒克逊语，盎格鲁—撒克逊人，地道的 英国人
9. reversal n. 颠倒，反向，逆转 10. inflection n. 词尾变化
11. preposition n. 前置词，介词
12. conjunction n. 联合，关联，连线词
13. in terms of 根据，按照，用……的话，在……方面
长难句解析
①【解析】“who”引导非限制性定语从句，修饰“the mon, ignorant folk”。“much as”引导状语从句。“kitchen pots and pans”意为“锅碗瓢盆”。【译文】一方面它是那些普通人甚至无知民众的财产，他们每天都像使唤他们的牲畜和锅碗瓢盆一样用着语言。
②【解析】 此句为一个复合倒装句。“until”引导一个并列句，前一句的主语是“a tendency”，“to fix the language into patterns not always set in and grew”作“tendency”的定语，第二句的主语也是“a tendency”，
“to”后面的句子作“tendency”的定语，“in which”引导的定语从句修饰“ways”。 【译文】例如在18世纪一种产生于各种来源的趋势把语言固定在一个不常使用和不利于语言发展的模式中，而到了当今，主流是要反复研究、评价人们说话、写作中的语言实践。
答案与详解
【短文大意】本文主要讲述英语演变过程的一些特点，指出了古英语与现代英语的不同，以及语言学家对待语言形式的态度的变化。
1.B细节题。根据题干回原文中定位，阅读文章时注意首末段及各段开头的句子，这往往都是考点所在。这篇文章讲的主要是英语语言演变的一些特点，指出了古英语与现代英语的不同，以及语言学家态度的转变。本题问的正是现代语言学家与早期语言学家不同的倾向。根据文章末尾The eighteenth century, for example, proced from various sources a tendency to fix the language into patterns not always set in and grew, until at the present time there is a strong tendency to restudy and re-evaluate language practices in terms of the ways in which people speak and write. 现代语言学家倾向于根据人们说和写的方式评价语言实践，而不是像早期的语言学家根据一定的模式评价语言。选项B符合文章的意思。
2.A词汇题。要根据上下文的资讯判断单词的意思。文章在第二段中间再次提到inflection时说，A few inflections, however, have survived. 后面文章又举了WHO/WHOM和ME/I为例说明inflection，这是一篇关于语言学的文章，从例子可以看出inflection的意思应该是“单词的变形”，选项A正确。
3.A细节题。根据文章的内容，选项A“普遍认为1500年是现代英语的起点”在文章中没有提及，故为正确答案。文章第二句说The history of our language has always been a history of constant change - at times a slow, almost imperceptible change, at other times a violent collision between two languages. 我们语言的历史是一个不断变化的历史——在一些时间里缓慢得几乎难以察觉，在另一些时间里则是两种语言的激烈碰撞。由此可以推断一些其他的语言对英语的发展有重大影响，选项B符合文章的意思。
4.D词汇题。此题考查考生的推测能力和词汇量，文章讲述的是英国语言演进的具体细节，最适当的答案应该是D。作者很可能是一位语言学家。A答案***历史学家***和C答案***人类学家***也可以有点迷惑性。B答案***哲学家***是最不符合的。
5.C主旨题。本文从各个方面谈及英语作为一种语言的发展变化，但并不是讲述英语的历史。所以选项A不对，选项C作为文章的题目最为贴切。选项B只是文章阐述的一个方面，不够全面。文章是在谈到英语的不断变化的时候谈到了现代英语的一些特点，所以选项D也失之于片面。
Culture is one of the most challenging elements of the international marketplace. 『This system of learned behavior patterns characteristic of the members of a given society is constantly shaped by a set of dynamic variables: language, religion, values and attitudes, manners and customs, aesthetics, technology, ecation, and social institutions.』① To cope with this system, an international manager needs both factual and interpretive knowledge of culture. To some extent, the factual knowledge can be learned; its interpretation es only through experience.
The most plicated problems in dealing with the cultural environment stem from the fact that one cannot learn culture—one has to live it. Two schools of thought exist in the business world on how to deal with cultural diversity. One is that business is business the world around, following the model of Pepsi and McDonald’s. In some cases, globalization is a fact of life; however, cultural differences are still far from converging.
The other school proposes that panies must tailor business approaches to indivial cultures. Setting up policies and proceres in each country has been pared to an organ transplant; the critical question centers around acceptance or rejection. The major challenge to the international manager is to make sure that rejection is not a result of cultural myopia or even blindness.
Fortune examined the international performance of a dozen large panies that earn 20 percent or more of their revenue overseas. The internationally successful panies all share an important quality: patience. They have not rushed into situations but rather built their operations carefully by following the most basic business principles. These principles are to know your adversary, know your audience, and know your customer.
1. According to the passage, which of the following is true?
A. All international managers can learn culture.
B. Business diversity is not necessary.
C. Views differ on how to treat culture in business world.
D. Most people do not know foreign culture well.
2. According to the author, the model of Pepsi .
A. is in line with the theories of the school advocating the business is business the world around
B. is different from the model of McDonald’s
C. shows the reverse of globalization
D. has converged cultural differences
3. The two schools of thought .
A. both propose that panies should tailor business approaches to indivial cultures
B. both advocate that different policies be set up in different countries C. admit the existence of cultural diversity in business world
D. Both A and B
4. This article is supposed to be most useful for those .
A. who are interested in researching the topic of cultural diversity
B. who have connections to more than one type of culture
C. who want to travel abroad
D. who want to run business on International Scale
5. According to Fortune, successful international panies .
A. earn 20 percent or more of their revenue overseas
B. all have the quality of patience
C. will follow the overseas local cultures
D. adopt the policy of internationalization
Vocabulary
1. dynamic adj. 动态的 2. variable n. 变数
aesthetics n. 美学 4. factual adj. 事实的
5. interpretative adj. 解释的 6. converge v. 聚合
7. transplant v. 移植8. myopia n. 近视 9. adversary n. 对手
长难句解析
①【解析】此句虽然很长，但考生只要认清它的主干，就很容易了解本句的意思。这个句子为一个简单句，主语为：“this system”，谓语为“is shaped”。
【译文】特定社会成员特点构成的行为方式体系不断地被一系列动态变数所左右：如语言、信仰、价值与态度、礼仪与风俗、审美、技术、教育及社会体制。
答案与详解
【短文大意】本文主要讲述文化背景对商业运作的影响，文中列举了商界中存在的对于文化多样性的两种观点。
C推断题。意为“对在商业中怎样对待文化有着不同意见”。 文化在商业中是一个很具挑战性的因素。不同的国家与地区可能会有不同的文化体系。在商业中，应该怎样对待不同的文化，商业界存在着不同的看法。
2. A细节题。意为“……与同意世界商业一体化的派别的主张是一致的”。 Pepsi采纳的是国际化的商业风格，这与那些主张国际化的派别的意见是相一致的。
3. C推断题。意为“承认商业世界中文化的多元性”。两个派别都承认商业世界中文化的多元性。他们的不同在于，应该对待不同的文化，应该搞国际化还是对不同的文化采取不同的策略。
4. D主旨题。由文中的例子可以知道，作者主要关心的并不是研究多种文化形态，而是文化背景对商业运作的影响。所以D是正确答案。
5. B细节题。意为“都具有耐心这一素质”。并非所有成功的国际公司的海外收入都占总收入的20%或以上。它们也不一定全都接纳海外的当地文化，或是采纳国际化策略。
Ⅱ 大学英语四级阅读单选题讲解「推论题」
大学英语四级阅读单选题【推论题】一
In recent years，Israeli consumers have grown more demanding as they've become wealthier and more worldly-wise. Foreign travel is a national passioni this summer alone,one in 10 citizens will go abroad. Exposed to higher standards of service elsewhere, Israelis are returning home expecting the same. American firms have also begun arriving in large numbers. Chains such as KFC, McDonald's and Pizza Hut are setting a new standard of customer service，using strict employee training and constant monitoring to ensure the friendliness of frontline staff. Even the American habit of telling departing customers to “Have a nice day” has caught on all over Israel, uNobody wakes up in the morning and says,‘Let’s be nicer，,” says Itsik Cohen, director of a consulting firm. “Nothing happens without competition. ”
Privatizationfor the threat of it,is a motivation as well. Monopolies (垄断者)that until recently have been free to take their customers for granted now fear what Michael Perry,a marketing professor， calls “the revengeful (报ft的)consumer”. When the government opened up competition with Bezaq, the phone company its international branch lost 40% of its market share, even while offering competitive rates. Says Perry, “People wanted revenge for all the years of bad service?” The electric company whose monopoly may be short-lived* has suddenly stopped requiring users to wait half a day for a repairman. Now,appointments are scheled to the half-hour. The graceless ￡1 A1 Airlines, which is already at auction (拍卖)，has retrained its employees to emphasize service and is boasting about the results in an ad campaign with the slogan “You can feel the change in the air. ” For the first time?praise out numbers complaints on customer survey sheets.
6. It may be inferred from the passage that_.
A. customer service in Israel is now improving
B. wealthy Israeli customers are hard to please
C. the tourist instry has brought chain stores to Israel
D. Israeli customers prefer foreign procts to domestic ones
7. In the author’s view,higher service standards are impossible in Israel__?
A. if customer complaints go unnoticed by the management
B. unless foreign companies are introced in greater numbers
C. if there’s no competition among companies
D. without strict routine training of employees
8. If someone in Israel today needs a repairman in case of a power failure,--?
A. they can have it fixed in no time
B. it,s no longer necessary to make an appointment
C. the appointment takes only half a day to make
D. they only have to wait half an hour at most
9. The example of El AI Airlines shows that
A. revengeful customers are a threat to the monopoly of enterprises
B. an ad campaign a way out for enterprises ill financial fiffictilty
C. a good slogan has great potential for improving service
D. staff retraining inessential for better service
10. Why did Bezaq's international branch lose 40% m itflriarket share?
A. Because the rates it offered were not competitive enough.
B. Because customers were dissatisfied with its past service.
C. Because the service offered by its competitors was far better.
D. Because it no longer received any support from the government.
讲解答案：
6.A由短文主题及第一段要点，尤其是第一段第三不难推出答案为A，而本埋中选项B、C、D干扰系数并不大，故本题虽推论题，但并不难。
7.C由短文主B及第一段最后一句及第二段内容，可推知业务水平需要“竞争”而消费者申诉是否得到重视A，是否有大量外国公司进入国内市场B，和是否对雇员进行严格的常规训练D，相对而言不是作者要强调的要点。
8.D本题涉及对短文第二段第五句的理解，应用于实际，即答案D。
9.D本题涉及短文第二段最后关于EIAI航空公司的事例，本例说明的是员工再培训对公司竞争力提高的重要性。
10.B根据题干，答案出处应在第二段第二至第四句，这一层次涉及的要点是“the revengeful consumer”。
大学英语四级阅读单选题【推论题】二
New technology links the world as never before. Our planet has shrunk. It’s now a “global village” where countries are only seconds away by fax or phone or satellite link. And，of course，our ability to benefit from this high-tech communications equipment is greatly enhanced by foreign language skills.
Deeply involved with this new technology is a breed of modern business people who have a growing respect for the economic value of doing business abroad. In modern markets，success overseas often helps support domestic business efforts.
Overseas assignments are becoming increasingly important to advancement within executive ranks. The executive stationed in another country no longer need fear being “out of sight and out of mind，” He or she can be sure that the overseas effort is central to the company’s plan for success，and that promotions often follow or accompany an assignment abroad. If an employee can succeed in a difficult assignment overseas，superiors will have greater confidence in his or her ability to cope back in the United States where cross-cultural considerations and foreign language issues are becoming more and more prevalent (普遍的).
Ⅲ 四级考试英语阅读理解精选题附答案
阅读题在英语四级考试中一直占有相当大的比重，因而加强英语阅读的训练尤为重要。下面我为大家带来四级考试英语阅读理解精选题，供考生阅读练习。
四级考试英语阅读理解精选题***一***
munications technologies are far from equal when it es to conveying the truth. The first study to pare honesty across a range of munication media has fund that people are twice as likely to tell lies in phone conversations as they are in emails. The fact that emails are automatically recorded—and can e back to haunt ***困扰*** you—appears to be the key to the finding.
Jeff Hancock of Cornell University in Ithaca, New York, asked 30 students to keep a munications diary for a week. In it they noted the number of conversations or email exchanges they had lasting more than 10 minutes, and confessed to how many lies they told. Hancock then worked out the number of lies per conversation for each medium. He found that lies made up 14 per cent of emails, 21 per cent of instant messages, 27 per cent of face-to-face interactions and an astonishing 37 per cent of phone calls.
His results to be presented at the conference on human-puter interaction in Vienna, Austria, in April, have surprised psychologists. Some expected emailers to be the biggest liars, reasoning that because deception makes people unfortable, the detachment ***非直接接触*** of emailing would make it easier to lie. Others expected people to lie more in face-to-face exchanges because we are most practised at that form of munication.
But Hancock says it is also crucial whether a conversation is being recorded and could be reread, and whether it occurs in real time. People appear to be afraid to lie when they know the munication could later be used to hold them to account, he says. This is why fewer lies appear in email than on the phone.
People are also more likely to lie in real time—in a instant message or phone call, say—than if they have time to think of a response, says Hancock. He found many lies are spontaneous ***脱口而出的*** responses to an unexpected demand, such as: “Do you like my dress?”
Hancock hopes his research will help panies work our the best ways for their employees to municate. For instance, the phone might be the best medium foe sales where employees are encouraged to stretch the truth. But, given his result, work asses *** ent where honesty is a priority, might be best done using email.
57. Hancock’s study focuses on ________.
A*** the consequences of lying in various munications media
B*** the success of munications technologies in conveying ideas
C*** people are less likely to lie in instant messages
D*** people’s honesty levels across a range of munications media
58. Hancock’s research finding surprised those who believed that ________.
A*** people are less likely to lie in instant messages
B*** people are unlikely to lie in face-to-face interactions
C*** people are most likely to lie in email munication
D*** people are twice as likely to lie in phone conversations
59. According to the passage, why are people more likely to tell the truth through certain media of munication?
A*** They are afraid of leaving behind traces of their lies.
B*** They believe that honesty is the best policy.
C*** They tend to be relaxed when using those media.
D*** They are most practised at those forms of munication.
60. According to Hancock the telephone is a preferable medium for promoting sales because ________.
A*** sale *** en can talk directly to their customers
B*** sale *** en may feel less restrained to exaggerate
C*** sale *** en can impress customers as being trustworthy
D*** sale *** en may pass on instant messages effectively
61. It can be inferred from the passage that ________.
A*** honesty should be encouraged in interpersonal munications
B*** more employers will use emails to municate with their employees
C*** suitable media should be chosen for different munication purposes
D*** email is now the dominant medium of munication within a pany
四级考试英语阅读理解精选题答案
57. D 58. A 59. A 60.B 61. C
四级考试英语阅读理解精选题***二***
As we have seen, the focus of medical care in our society has been shifting from curing disease to preventing disease—especially in terms of changing our many unhealthy behaviors, such as poor eating habits, *** oking, and failure to exercise. The line of thought involved in this shift can be pursued further. Imagine a person who is about the right weight, but does not eat very nutritious ***有营养的*** foods, who feels OK but exercises only occasionally, who goes to work every day, but is not an outstanding worker, who drinks a few beers at home most nights but does not drive while drunk, and who has no chest pains or abnormal blood counts, but sleeps a lot and often feels tired. This person is not ill. He may not even be at risk for any particular disease. But we can imagine that this person could be a lot healthier.
The field of medicine has not traditionally distinguished between someone who is merely “not ill” and someone who is in excellent health and pays attention to the body’s special needs. Both types have simply been called “well.” In recent years, however, some health specialists have begun to apply the terms “well” and “wellness” only to those who are actively striving to maintain and improve their health. People who are well are concerned with nutrition and exercise, and they make a point of monitoring their body’s
condition. Most important, perhaps, people who are well take active responsibility for all matters related to their health. Even people who have a physical disease or handicap ***缺陷*** may be “well,” in this new sense, if they make an effort to maintain the best possible health they can in the face of their physical limitations. “Wellness” may perhaps best be viewed not as a state that people can achieve, but as an ideal that people can strive for. People who are well are likely to be better able to resist disease and to fight disease when it strikes. And by focusing attention on healthy ways of living, the concept of wellness can have a beneficial impact on the ways in which people face the challenges of daily life.
62. Today medical care is placing more stress on ________.
A*** keeping people in a healthy physical condition
B*** monitoring patients’ body functions
C*** removing people’s bad living habits
D*** ensuring people’s psychological well-being
63. In the first paragraph, people are reminded that ________.
A*** good health is more than not being ill
B*** drinking, even if not to excess, could be harmful
C*** regular health checks are essential to keeping fit
D*** prevention is more difficult than cure
64. Traditionally, a person is considered “well” if he ________.
A*** does not have any unhealthy living habits
B*** does not have any physical handicaps
C*** is able to handle his daily routines
D*** is free from any kind of disease
65. According to the author, the true meaning of “wellness” is for people ________.
A*** to best satisfy their body’s special needs
B*** to strive to maintain the best possible health
C*** to meet the strictest standards of bodily health
D*** to keep a proper balance between work and leisure
66. According to what the author advocates, which of the following groups of people would be considered healthy?
A*** People who have strong muscles as well as slim figures.
B*** People who are not presently experiencing any symptoms of disease.
C*** People who try to be as possible, regardless of their limitations.
D*** People who can recover from illness even without seeking medical care.
四级考试英语阅读理解精选题答案
62. C 63. B 64. D 65.B 66. C
Ⅳ 2021年12月英语四级阅读理解真题解析(卷三)
大学英语四级考试满分：710。听力（35%）249分、阅读（35%）249分、综合（10%）70分、写作和翻译（20%）142分。
12月英语四级阅读理解真题解析
仔细阅读：
Have you ever wondered how acceptable it is to hug or touchsomeone ?
46.C)Its absence might suggest a lack of warmth in interpersonal relationships .
47.D)How close the communicator‘s relationships are .
48.B) They take touching as a cultural norm in social interactions.
49.A)Men can show friendship in public through physical affection.
50.D)Take other people's preference into consideration .
From climate change to the ongoing pandemic (大流行病) and beyond ，the issues facing today's world are increasingly complex and dynamic .
51.A)It faces problems that are getting more varied and compli-cated.
52.C) People are divided about the nature of interest .
53.D)How a growth mindset of interest can contribute to crossdisciplinarythinking.
54.C) Making innovative procts needs multidisciplinary procts.
55.B) Broadening their interests .
提高四级阅读理解成绩的方法
1、了解文章main idea(主要意思)
做英语阅读理解就好像做语文阅读理解时一样，要知道这篇文章的主旨或者说是中心思想，对文章所讲的主旨内容和它的中心思想做到心里有数。达到一种高度——只要一做英语阅读理解题，脑子里就要条件反射的蹦出main idea，然后再去阅读问题和文章。
2、先看问题，再粗读文章
带着寻找main idea的思想，先去看一遍问题，把问题中的关键词圈出来，然后再去粗略的读一遍文章。在读的时候，不用做到每个单词都看懂，每句话都能翻译出来。只要对文章大致上有一个了解就够了，这样文章的main idea也就出来了。
要注意的是，在读到觉得跟所问问题有关联的句子的时候，可以先用笔把句子勾出来，在上边标记上有关联的问题的题号，然后接着往下读。
3、精读问题和所标记的句子
读完通篇的同时，也把跟问题有关的的句子画出来了，这个时候再去精读标记的句子，仔细研究问题和跟问题有关的句子，琢磨其意思，尽量做到胸有成竹，然后再回答每一个问题。
Ⅳ 英语4级阅读理解模拟题及答案
英语4级阅读理解模拟题及答案
阅读理解主要考查考生理解主旨要义、具体信息、概念性含义，进行有关的判断、推理和引申，根据上下文推测生词的词义等能力。下面我为大家搜索整理的关于英语4级阅读理解模拟题及答案，供大家参考学习，希望对您有所帮助。
What is it about Americans and food? We love to eat, but we feel 1 about it afterward. We say we want only the best, but we strangely enjoy junk food. We’re 2 with health and weight loss but face an unprecedented epidemic of obesity(肥胖). Perhaps the 3 to this ambivalence(矛盾情结) lies in our history. The first Europeans came to this continent searching for new spices but went in vain. The first cash crop(经济作物) wasn’t eaten but smoked. Then there was Prohibition, intended to prohibit drinking but actually encouraging more 4 ways of doing it.
The immigrant experience, too, has been one of inharmony. Do as Romans do means eating what “real Americans” eat, but our nation’s food has come to be 5 by imports—pizza, say, or hot dogs. And some of the country’s most treasured cooking comes from people who arrived here in shackles.
Perhaps it should come as no surprise then that food has been a medium for the nation’s defining struggles, whether at the Boston Tea Party or the sit?ins at southern lunch counters. It is integral to our concepts of health and even morality whether one refrains from alcohol for religious reasons or evades meat for political 6 .
But strong opinions have not brought 7 . Americans are ambivalent about what they put in their mouths. We have become 8 of our foods, especially as we learn more about what they contain.
The 9 in food is still prosperous in the American consciousness. It’s no coincidence, then, that the first Thanksgiving holds the American imagination in such bondage(束缚). It’s what we eat—and how we 10 it with friends, family, and strangers—that help define America as a community today.
A. answer I. creative
B. result J. belief
C. share K. suspicious
D. guilty L. certainty
E. constant M. obsessed
F. defined N. identify
G. vanish O. ideals
H. adapted
答案及解析
1.D feel是一个系动词，可以判断此处应填入一个形容词，通过上下文意思，以及后面介词about, 可以确定选项为D项guilty, 短语feel guilty about sth. “对……感到有愧”。全句的意思为“我们很爱吃，但是往往在吃完之后又有负罪感”。
2.M be obsessed with 为固定搭配，原意为“被……附上/缠住/迷住心窍”，放在本句表示“十分重视”。全句的意思为“我们很关心健康和减肥，但肥胖却又空前地在蔓延”。
3. A 本句缺一个名词作主语，并且根据和介词to的搭配，可以推断出正确选项answer.
4. I本句根据more和ways可以判断出需要填入一个形容词构成比较级，根据上下文，表示“旨在禁止酗酒的禁酒令，却激发了更多新奇的方法来酗酒”，可以确定I为正确选项。
5. F 本题较难。根据be 和by 确定应填入一个过去分词。再根据上下文，上文表示“应该吃典型的美国人吃的食物”，下文通过 but 转折，表示实际上“美国的.食物已经被诸如比萨和热狗这样的舶来品所诠释了”，因此可以确定F为正确选项。
6.B政治结果，可根据宗教原因religious reasons来推断此处填政治结果。
7. L由于横线后面没有宾语，可以确定不是形成bring的短语，这样本句所缺的为一名词，做bring的宾语。根据下文解释，“美国人对他们所吃的食物的态度是矛盾的”，可以推出本句意义为“坚定的观点也不是确定不变的”。因此可以确定L为正确选项。
8. K系动词become后应填入一个形容词，和后面介词of形成短语be/become suspicious of “对……感到怀疑”。
9. J本句缺一个名词作主语，并且根据和介词in的搭配，可以推断出正确选项belief，(have)belief in sth.“ 相信……”。
10. C本句是一般现在时，缺一个动词，且和with 搭配，确定选项为share, share sth. with sb., “与某人分享某事”。
;Ⅵ 2019年大学英语四级考试阅读模拟试题及答案解析
考友们都准备好考试了吗?本文“2019年大学尘李毕英语四派芹级考试阅读模拟试题及答案解析”，跟着我一起来了解一下吧。要相信只要自己有足够的实力，无论考什么都不会害怕!
2019年大学英语四级考试阅读模拟试题：女人的地位
It is not often realized that women held a high place in southern European societies in the 10th and 11th centuries. As a wife, the woman was protected by the setting up of a dowry (彩礼). Admittedly, the purposeof this was to protect her against the risk of desertion, but in reality its function in the social and family life of the time was much more important. The dowry was the wife’s right to receive a tenth of all her husband’扰卜s property. The wife had the right to with hold consent, in all transactions the husband wouldmake, and more than just a right; the documents show that she enjoyed a real power of decision, equal to that of her husband. In no case do the documents indicate any degree of difference in the legal status of husband and wife.
The wife shared in the management of her husband’s personal property, but the opposite was not always true. Women seemed perfectly prepared to defend their own inheritance against husbands who tried to exceed their rights, and on occasion they showed a fine fighting spirit. A case in point is that of Maria Vivas. Having agreed with her husband Miro to sell a field she had inherited, for the needs of the household, she insisted on compensation. None being offered, she succeeded in dragging her husband to the scribe(法学家) to have a contract ly drawn up assigning her a piece of land from Miro’s personal inheritance. The unfortunate husband was obliged to agree, as the contract says, “for the sake of peace.” Either through the dowry or through being hot-tempered, the wife knew how to win herself, with the context of the family, a powerful economic position.ric illnesses including depression often do not manifest themselves until the late teens or early 20s.
练习题：
Choose correct answers to the question:
1. A decimum was ________.
A. the wife's inheritance from her father
B. a gift of money to the new husband
C.a protection of the wife’s right
D. a written contract
2. In the 10th and11th centuries in southern European, women’s social position was ______.
A. higher than men’s
B. as high as men’s
C. lower than men’s
D.never recognized
3.The purpose of mentioning the case of Maria Vivas_____
A.to show women had the same rights as,if not more than,their husband
B.to prove hot-tempered woman held a powerful economic position
C.to tell the readers the real situations in some countries
D.to show the fight spirits of woman
4.Could a husband sell his wife's inheritance?
A. Yes, if she agreed.
B. No, under no circumstances.
C. Yes, whenever he wished to.
D, Yes, if his father-in-law agreed.
5. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as an effect of the dowry system?
A. The husband had to share the power of decision in marriage.
B. The wife could manage her husband’s personal property.
C. The wife gained a powerful economic position.
D. The wife would not be deserted by her husband.
参考答案及解析
1.[C] 词义推断题。第1段第2句指出了 decimum的作用，即与“彩礼”相当，作为保护妇女的工具。第4句以 “The decimum was...”的句式指出其定义，综合这两句，可断定选项C正确。
2.[B] 推理判断题。文章第1句就表明妇女当时的地位很高，第1段最后两句表明妇女与其丈夫的地位并无不同，是平等的，因此可以推断本题答案应为B。
3.[A] 推理判断题。本题考查例子与观点的关系。该例子是为了证明其前面，即第2段开头两句的观点,选项A是对这两句话的总结。
4.[A]推理判断题。本题考査从例子的推断。根据Maria Vivas的例子可确定答案，而且从第2段第4句中的Having agreed with her husband可推断售卖妻子继承的财产必须先征得妻子的同意，因此选项A正确。
5.[D] 事实细节题。可用排除法找出答案。第1段倒数第2句可证明选项A正确，第2段首句可证明选项B正确，第2段末句可表明选项C正确，只有选项D太绝对。
2019年大学英语四级考试阅读模拟试题：单词拼写
There is a popular belief among parents that schools are no longer interested in spelling .No school I have taught in has ever _____ spelling or considered it unimportant as a basic skill. There are, however , vastly different ideas about how to teach it , or how much _____ it must be given over general language development and writing ability. The problem is , how to encourage a child to express himself freely and _____ in writing with out holding him back with the complexities of spelling? If spelling become the only focal point of his teacher’s interest, clearly a __4__ child will be likely to “play safe”. He will tend to write only words within his spelling range, choosing to avoid __5__ language. That’s why teachers often __6__ the early use of dictionaries and pay attention to content rather than technical ability. I was once shocked to read on the bottom of a sensitive piece of writing about a personal experience ：“ This work is __7__ !There are far too many spelling errors and your writing is illegible( 难以辨认的 ).” It may have been a sharp __8__ of the pupil’s technical abilities in writing, but it was also a sad reflection on the teacher who had omitted to read the essay, which __9__ some beautiful expressions of the child’s deep feelings.
The teacher was not wrong to draw attention to the errors, but if his priorities had centred on the child’s ideas, an expression of his disappointment with the presentation would have given the pupil more __10__ to seek improvement.
A)priority B)criticism C)contained D)clearly
E)adventurous F ) discourage G)motivation H)terrible
I)ignored J)difficult K)encourage L)expressed
M)confidently N)bright O)motive L)expressed
答案及解析:
1. 选 I )。 由该句中的 has 可知，此处应填动词过去式，且表达的含义应和后面的 consider…unimportant 相近，故应排除 contained 和 expressed
而选择 ignored 。
2. 选 A )。 此处应填名词，但能与后面 over 构成固定搭配的名词只有 priority ，故排除 了 criticism 和 motivation 。
3. 选 M). 由空格前面的 and 可知，此处应填副词和 freely 并列。从句意来理解，在没有拼写困难的情况下，怎样鼓励学生自由且 …… 地表达自己，选项中只有 confidently “自信地“符合题意。
4. 选 N )。 很明显这里应填形容词，选项中 terrible ， difficult 后接事物名词 something ，只有 adventurous 和 bright 可用来形容 somebody ( child )，再由后面的play safe“不冒险”，可排除adventurous而选择bright。
5. 选 E )。 由前一句中的 be likely to “ play safe ”和空格前的 avoid 可以推知，此处所填词的意思应与play safe表达的意思相反，故选项中只有adventurous符合题意。
6. 选 K )。 很明显此处应填动词的一般现在时，可选项有 encourage 和 persuade 。由 That’s why 知本句与前一句构成因果关系，而前一句说的是学生往往会用他们拼写范围内的词写文章，从而选择避免用那些不会的词，故由此可推知此句应理解为老师鼓励学生用字典，因此排除 persuade 而选 encourage。
7. 选 H )。 此处应填形容词。由空格后面的 too many spelling errors 和illegible可知，这篇文章是写的很糟，而不是很难理解。故排除difficult而选terrible。
8. 选 B )。 此处应填名词。由后半句中 a sad reflection on the teacher 可知，前半句是在指责学生，故选项中只有criticism符合题意。
9. 选 C )。 此处填动词过去式，本句中由 which 引导的从句是对 essay 的解释，剩余选项中 contained 和 expressed ，根据句意，文章 …… 儿童内心感受的一些好的表达，故只有contained 符合题意。
10. 选 G )。 此处应填名词。根据句意，如果老师更注重学生思想的表达的话，会给学生更大的动力去寻求提高;故排除 motive “动机，原因”而选 motivation 。
全文翻译：
家长们普遍认为中学现在已不再关注单词的正确拼写了。但我所教过的学校从来没有忽视过拼写，或就一种基本技能来说从没有认为它不重要。然而对于怎么来教拼写或者是从提高整个语言的发展和写作能力方面来说，把拼写放在什么样优先的地位存在着许多不同的看法。所存在的问题是，在写作当中怎样鼓励孩子不要让复杂的拼写来影响他流畅地，自信地表达自己的思想。
如果字的拼写成为老师关心的惟一焦点，很明显，聪明的孩子很可能就会为“保险起见”，只写一些他会写的字，避免因冒险而出错的语言。那就是为什么老师常常鼓励学生很早就要使用字典，而且写作时重视内容而非拼写技能。
有一次我非常震惊，在一篇描写个人经历的感情细腻的文章后面读到了这些话：“这篇糟透了!单词拼写错误太多。自己很难辨认!”这对于一个学生的写作技能也许是一次尖锐的批评，但它同时也悲哀地反映出那位老师忽视了去阅读一篇包含了表达孩子内心感情的文章。老师注意到了这些问题并没有错，但是如果他把重点放在关注孩子的思想上，只表示出他对孩子的拼写错误有点失望，就会给学生更大的动力去进一步提高。
Ⅶ 英语四级 阅读理解 ，求题目及答案解析
四级仔细阅读答题技巧：
(1) 细节题
在做细节题时，首先应当仔细阅读题目，弄清题目的具内体要求容，以及所给4个选项，然后在题目或选项中确定关键词，再利用关键词回文章中定位，找出文章中相对应的细节性句子，与4个选项进行对照，以确定正确答案。
(2) 主旨题
首先要确定文章有无主题句，以及主题句在文章中的位置。文章的主题句通常位于首段或尾段，有时也出现在文章的中间段落。段落的主题句通常位于段首或段尾，有时也在段落的中间。
(3) 推理题
推理题在大学英语四级考试阅读理解中是比较难的一类试题，切忌主观臆断，推理必须基于文章中的具体事实细节。做题时虽不能直接找到答案，但一定要在文中找到推测的依据，进行合理严密的推断。
(4) 观点态度题
在回答态度类问题时，对文章体裁的考查是一个非常重要的方面。一般来说，在说明文中作者的态度是客观的(objective)或中立的(neutral);而在议论文中，作者的观点才会显得多种多样。
Ⅷ 公共英语四级阅读考试题
本文是一篇公共英语四级的阅读理解考试题及答案(答案在文章尾部)，希望能帮助大家顺利通过考试!
Section III Reading Comprehension(45 points) 阅读理解
Text 1
No one should be forced to wear a uniform under any circumstance. Uniforms are demeaning to the human spirit and totally unnecessary in a democratic society. Uniforms tell the world that the person who wears one has no value as an indivial but only lives to function as a part of the whole. The indivial in a uniform loses all self-worth. There are those who say that wearing a uniform gives a person a sense of identification with a large, more important concept. What could be more important than the indivial oneself? If an organization is so weak that it must rely on cloth and buttons to inspire its members, that organization has no right to continue its existence.
Others say that the practice of making persons wear uniforms, say in school, eliminates all envy and competition in a matter of dress, such that a poor person who cannot afford good-quality clothing, why would anyone strive to be better? It is only a short step from forcing everyone to wear the same clothing to forcing everyone to drive the same car, have the same type of house, eat the same type of food. When this happens, all incentive to improve one’s life is removed. Why would parents bother to work hard so that their children could have a better life than they had when they know that their children are going to be forced to have exactly the same life that they had? Uniforms also hurt the economy. Right now, billions of dollars are spent on the fashion instry yearly.
Thousands of persons are employed in designing, creating, and marketing different types of clothing. If everyone were forced to wear uniforms, artistic personnel would be unnecessary. Salespersons would be superfluous as well: why bother to sell the only items that are available? The wearing of uniforms would destroy the fashion instry which in turn would have a ripple effect on such instries as advertising and promotion. Without advertising, newspapers, magazines, and television would not be able to remain in business. Our entire information and entertainment instries would founder.
41、The author’s viewpoint on uniforms can best be described as __________.
A. practical
B. hysterical
C. radical
D. critical
42、Judged from its style, this passage might be found in __________.
A. a children’s comics book
B. an editorial in a paper
C. a sociology textbook
D. a political platform
43、It can be inferred that the author believes that __________.
A. indivials have no self-worth when they become part of an organization
B. indivials are more important than organizations
C. indivials are not so important as organizations
D. indivials are the same important as organizations
44、The author brings in the example of a parent striving to make life better for his children to make the point that __________.
A. parents have responsibilities for their children
B. uniforms would be less expensive than clothing for children
C. uniforms cause dissension between parents and children
D. indivial motivation would be destroyed by uniforms
(本题分值：1.5分)【正确答案】D
45、The last word of the passage "founder" probably means __________.
A. collapse
B. shrink
C. disappear
D. establish
Text 2
A report consistently brought back by visitors to the US is how friendly, courteous and helpful most Americans were to them. To be fair, this observation is also frequently made of Canada and Canadians, and should best be considered North American. There are, of course, exceptions. Small-minded officials, rude waiters, and ill-mannered taxi drivers are hardly unknown in the US. Yet it is an observation made so frequently that it deserves comment. For a long period of time and in many parts of the country, a traveler was a welcome break in an otherwise ll existence.
Dullness and loneliness were common problems of the families who generally lived distant from one another. Strangers and travelers were welcome sources of diversion, and brought news of the outside world. The harsh realities of the frontier also shaped this tradition of hospitality.
Someone traveling alone, if hungry, injured, or ill, often had nowhere to turn except to the nearest cabin or settlement. It was not a matter of choice for the traveler or merely a charitable impulse on the part of the settlers. It reflected the harshness of daily life: if you didn’t take in the stranger and take care of him, there was no one else who would. And someday, remember, you might be in the same situation. Today there are many charitable organizations which specialize in helping the weary traveler. Yet, the old tradition of hospitality to strangers is still very strong in the US, especially in the smaller cities and towns away from the busy tourist trails. "I was just traveling through, got talking with this American, and pretty soon he invited me home for dinner—amazing." Such observations reported by visitors to the US are not uncommon, but are not always understood properly.
The casual friendliness of many Americans should be interpreted neither as superficial nor as artificial, but as the result of a historically developed cultural tradition. As is true of any developed society, in America a complex set of cultural signals, assumptions, and conventions underlies all social interrelationships. And, of course, speaking a language does not necessarily mean that someone understands social and cultural patterns. Visitors who fail to "translate" cultural meanings properly often draw wrong conclusions. For example, when an American uses the word "friend", the cultural implications of the word may be quite different from those it has in the visitor’s language and culture. It takes more than a brief encounter on a bus to distinguish between courteous convention and indivial interest. Yet, being friendly is a virtue that many Americans value highly and expect from both neighbors and strangers.
46、In the eyes of visitors from the outside world, ___________.
A. rude taxi drivers are rarely seen in the US
B. small-minded officials deserve a serious comment
C. Canadians are not so friendly as their neighbors
D. most Americans are ready to offer help
47、It could be inferred from the last paragraph that ___________.
A. culture exercises an influence over social interrelationship
B. courteous convention and indivial interest are interrelated
C. various virtues manifest themselves exclusively among friends
D. social interrelationships equal the complex set of cultural conventions
48、Families in frontier settlements used to entertain strangers ___________.
A. to improve their hard life
B. in view of their long-distance travel
C. to add some flavor to their own daily life
D. out of a charitable impulse
49、The tradition of hospitality to strangers ___________.
A. tends to be superficial and artificial
B. is generally well kept up in the united States
C. is always understood properly
D. has something to do with the busy tourist trails
50、What’s the author’s attitudes toward the American’s friendliness?
A. Favorable.
B. Unfavorable.
C. Indifferent.
D. Neutral.
Text 3
Today, there are many avenues open to those who wish to continue their ecation. However, nearly all require some break in one’s career in order to attend school full time. Part-time ecation, that is, attending school at night or for one weekend a month, tends to drag the process out over time and puts the completion of a degree program out of reach of many people. Additionally, such programs require a fixed time commitment which can also impact negatively on one’s career and family time. Of the many approaches to teaching and learning, however, perhaps the most flexible and accommodating is that called distance learning.
Distance learning is an ecational method, which allows the students the flexibility to study at his or her own pace to achieve the academic goals, which are so necessary in today’s world. The time required to study many be set aside at the student’s convenience with e regard to all life’s other requirements. Additionally, the student may enroll in distance learning courses from virtually any place in the world, while continuing to pursue their chosen career. Tutorial assistance may be available via regular airmail, telephone, facsimile machine, teleconferencing and over the Internet. Good distance learning programs are characterized by the inclusion of a subject evaluation tool with every subject. This precludes the requirement for a student to travel away from home to take a test.
Another characteristic of a good distance-learning program is the equivalence of the distance-learning course with the same subject materials as those students taking the course on the home campus. The resultant diploma or degree should also be the same whether distance learning or on-campus study is employed. The indiviality of the professor/student relationship is another characteristic of a good distance-learning program. In the final analysis, a good distance learning program has a place not only for the indivial students but also the corporation or business that wants to work in partnership with their employees for the ecational benefit, professional development, and business growth of the organization. Sponsoring distance learning programs for their employees gives the business the advantage of retaining career-minded people while contributing to their personal and professional growth through ecation.
51、According to the passage, which of the following is NOT a disadvantage of part-time ecation?
A. It requires some break in one’s career.
B. It tends to last too long for many people to complete a degree program.
C. It affects one’s career.
D. It gives the student less time to share with the family.
52、Which of the following is NOT an advantage of distance learning?
A. The students may choose his or her own pace.
B. The students may study at any time to his or her convenience.
C. They can pursue their chosen career while studying.
D. Their tutorial assistance comes through regular airmail, telephone, facsimile machine, etc.
53、What benefit will distance-learning program bring to a business?
A. Recruitment of more talented people.
B. Good image of the business.
C. Better cooperation with universities.
D. Further training of employees and business growth.
54、What benefit will distance learning bring to an employee of a business?
A. Professional growth.
B. Good relationship with the employer.
C. Good impression on the employer.
D. Higher salary.
55、Which is not the characteristic of distance learning?
A. It includes a subject evaluation tool with every subject.
B. Its course uses the same subject materials as those students taking the course on the home campus.
C. A distance-learning program has a place only for students.
D. The relationship of the professor/student is characterized by indiviality.
Text 4
I remember the way the light touched her hair. She turned her head, and our eyes met, a momentary awareness in that raucous fifth grade classroom. I felt as though I’d been struck a blow under the heart. Thus began my first love affair. Her name was Rachel, and I mooned my way through the grade and high school, stricken at the mere sight of her, tongue-tied in her presence. Does anyone, anymore, linger in the shadows of evening, drawn by the pale light of a window—her window—like some hapless summer insect? That delirious swooning, asexual but urgent and obsessive, that made me awkward and my voice crack, is like some impossible dream now. I would catch sight of her, walking down an aisle of trees to or from school, and I’d become paralyzed.
She always seemed so poised, so self-possessed. At home, I’d relive each encounter, writhing at the thought of my inadequacies. We eventually got acquainted and socialized as we entered our adolescence, she knew I had a case on her, and I sensed her affectionate tolerance for me. "Going steady" implied a maturity we still lacked. Her Orthodox Jewish upbringing and my own Catholic scruples imposed an inhibited grace that made even kissing a distant prospect, however fervently desired. I managed to hold her once at a dance—chaperoned, of course. Our embrace made her giggle, a sound so trusting that I hated myself for what I’d been thinking. At any rate, my love for Rachel remained unrequited. We graated from high school, she went on to college, and I joined the Army.
When World War II engulfed us, I was sent overseas. For a time we corresponded, and her letters were the highlight of those grinding endless years. Once she sent me a snapshot of herself in a bathing suit, which drove me to the wildest of fantasies. I mentioned the possibility of marriage in my nest letter, and almost immediately her replies became less frequent, less personal. Her Dear John letter finally caught up with me while I was awaiting discharge. She gently explained the impossibility of a marriage between us. Looking back on it, I must have recovered rather quickly, although for the first few months I believed I didn’t want to live. Like Rachel, I found someone else, whom I learned to love with a deep and permanent commitment that has lasted to this day.
56、According to the passage, how old was the author when his first love affair began?
A. Before he entered his teens.
B. In his early teens.
C. In his middle teens.
D. When he was just out of his teens.
57、How did the author behave as a boy in love?
A. His first love motivated him toward hard study.
B. His first love evoked sentimental memories.
C. He was overpowered by wild excitement and passion.
D. He fulfilled his expectations and desires.
58、According to the passage, what held them back from a loving kiss?
A. Her Jewish origin did not allow it.
B. His Catholic adherence forbade it.
C. They were not sure whether it was proper or ethical to kiss in line with their religious decorum.
D. Kissing was found to be inelegant or even distasteful.
59、According to the passage, what was Rachel’s response to the author’s tender affection before the war?
A. She recognized and accepted his love affectionately.
B. She thwarted his affection by flatly turning him down.
C. She fondly permitted him to adore her without losing her own heart to him.
D. She didn’t care for him at all and only took delight in playing with his feelings.
60、Which of the following best describes the organization of the passage?
A. Statement and example.
B. Cause and effect.
C. Order of importance.
D. Linear description.
【参考答案】
(一)
41.C42..B43.B44.D45.A
(二)
46.D47..A48.C49.B50.
(三)
51.A52.D53.D54.A55.C
(四)
56.A57.C58.C59.C60.D
Ⅸ 12月英语四级阅读解析：硅谷之所以为硅谷
2015年12月英语四级阅读解析：硅谷之所以为硅谷
2015年12月19日全国大学英语四级考试已结束，本次考试为多题多卷，以下是2015年12月英语四级阅读解析：
首先，我们通过文章可以了解到，该篇阅读的主要内容与之前四级考试所关注的阅读文章的`主题类似，也是关于科技话题的。在这篇文章中，作者主要阐释了硅谷之所以成为硅谷的不可替代和复制性。主要原因为：(1)rich people;(2)nerds。是这两个原因成就了硅谷。文章中，作者拿硅谷和迈阿密、康奈尔及波士顿进行了对比，总结得出：其他的三个城市之所以不能成为硅谷第二的原因。
接下来，我们就第一篇阅读的答案选项和各位同学一起分享下：
第56题，what do we learn about Silicon Valley from the passage? 这道题目直接可以定位到文中的第一段中：Could you please reproce Silicon Valley elsewhere， or is there something unique about it? 然后在下文中，作者又进一步的指出了硅谷不可代替性的原因。所以答案选项为：Its success is hard to anywhere else
第57题，what makes Miami unfit to proce a Silicon Valley? 这道题目可以定位到原文中的第五段，文中直接指出：it has few nerds。 It is not the kind of place nerds like。 这样就可以直接选出：Lack of the right kind of talents。
第58题，In what way is Carnegie-Mellon different from Stanford， Berkeley and MIT? 根据题干信息，我们可以直接定位到文中的第六和七段：the weather is terrible， particular in winter， and there ‘s no interesting old city to make up for it， as there is in Boston。 所以选项很明了：Its location is not as attractive to rich people
第59题，what does the author imply about Boston? 这道题的关键就在于the weather is terrible， particular in winter， and there ‘s no interesting old city to make up for it， as there is in Boston中的as一词，这里as 后引导的是 there is no interesting old city to make up for it in Boston。所以正确选项为：what does the author59.It is not likely to attract lots of investors and nerds
say about startup investors? 这道题在文中定位到最后一段：startup investors are a distinct 。。。。。。as well as money。 这样该题正确选项为：They can do more than providing money
希望以上答案能够给各位考生提供参考帮助，且预祝各位考生考试成功。
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