2019年英语二阅读逐句

1. 2019年高考英语全国卷2 - 阅读理解A

My Favourite Books
我最喜欢的书

Jo Usmar is a writer for Cosmopolitan and co-author of the This Book Will series of lifestyle books. Here she picks her top reads.
乔·乌斯马是《时尚》杂志的一位作家，也是介绍生活方式的This Book Will系列的合著者。以下是她推荐的最佳读物。

Matilda 玛蒂尔达

Roald Dahl 罗尔德·达尔

I once wrote a paper on the influence of fairy tales on Roald Dahl's writing and it gave me a new appreciation for his strange and delightful worlds. Matilda's battles with her cruel parents and the bossy headmistress, Miss Trunchbull, are equally funny and frightening, but they're also aspirational.
我曾经写过一篇关于童话故事对罗尔德·达尔写作的影响的论文，让我对他的奇怪而又令人愉悦的世界产生了新的认知。玛蒂尔达与残忍的父母和专横的女校长特伦奇布尔小姐的斗争同样有趣又可怕，但也同样鼓舞人心。

After Dark 天黑以后

Haruki Murakami 村上春树

It’s about two sisters-Eri, a model who either won’t or can’t stop sleeping, and Mari, a young student. In trying to connect to her sister, Mari starts changing her life and discovers a world of diverse ”night people” who are hiding secrets.
这是关于两姐妹爱丽和玛丽的故事，永远想睡觉的模特爱丽和年轻的学生玛丽。玛丽在试图联系她姐姐的过程中，开始改变自己的生活，发现了一个由各种各样的“夜猫子”组成的世界，他们都在隐藏着秘密。

Gone Girl 消失的爱人

Gillian Flynn 吉莉安·弗琳

There was a bit of me that didn't want to love this when everyone else on the planet did, but the horror story is brilliant. There's tension and anxiety from the beginning as Nick and Amy battle for your trust. It's a real whonit and the frustration when you realise what's going on is horribly enjoyable.
当这个星球上的其他人都喜欢这本书的时候，我其实有一点不喜欢，但这个恐怖故事很精彩。尼克和艾米为获取你的信任互相争斗，从一开始就充满了紧张和焦虑。这是一部真正的侦探小说，当你意识到正在发生的事情会让你感到沮丧，却又相当享受。

The Stand 末日逼近

Stephen King 斯蒂芬·金

This is an excellent fantasy novel from one of the best storytellers around. After a serious flu outbreak wipes out 99.4% of the world's population, a battle unfolds between good and evil among those left. Randall Flagg is one of the scariest characters ever.
这是一本优秀的奇幻小说，作者是世界上最会讲故事的人之一。在一场严重的流感疫情夺去了全球99.4%的人口之后，在剩下的人之间展开了一场正义与邪恶的战争。兰德尔·弗拉格是有史以来最恐怖的角色之一。

2. 19考研英语阅读文章长难句看不懂，怎么做我单词都认识。

长短句是考研英语的一大重难点，打好长短句翻译基础，将会给我们的翻译和作文带来巨大的帮助。
1. According to accounts of the experiments, their hourly output rose when lighting was increased, but also it was dimmed.
【分析】复合句。句子主干为 their hourly output rose。 连接两个由 when 引导的并列时间状语从句，后一时间状语从句中 it 指代的是 lighting。 此处注意 not only...but also...结构在实际运用中可以省略 not only 或 but also。 According to作状语。
【译文】实验报告表明，当照明灯变亮时，女工们每小时的产出会增加，而当照明灯变暗时，她们每小时的产出仍会增加。
【拓展】account 作名词时，常用意为“理由，解释”或 “账目、账单”，本句中的意思是“报告、描述”。作动词时，常与 for 搭配，意为“说明...的原因;(在数量、比例方面)占”。
2. In an experiment published in 1988, social psychologist Fritz Strack of the University of Wurzburg in Germany asked volunteers to hold a pen either with their teeth—thereby creating an artificial smile—or with their lips, which would proce a disappointed expression.
【分析】复合句。句子主干为 social psychologist FritzStrack ...asked volunteers to hold a pen...。句首的介词短语作整句话的状语;either with ...or with... 作动词 hold 的方式状语，第一个状语后的现在分词短语作目的状语，第二个状语后 which 引导非限定性定语从句。
【译文】1988年发表过一项实验，德国维尔茨堡大学的社会心理学家弗里茨·斯特拉克和他的同事们招募了一批志愿者。他们让一部分人用牙齿咬住一支笔，从而在脸上制造出“人工笑脸”;或是用嘴唇叼着笔，从而产生“沮丧表情”。
3. Laughter does proce short-term changes in the function of the heart and its blood vessels, boosting heart rate and oxygen consumption.
【分析】简单句。句子主干为 Laughter does proce short-term changes。 介词短语 in the function of...作 changes 的后置定语，句末的现在分词短语 boosting...作伴随状语。
【译文】“笑”确实能给心血管带来短期的变化，提高心率以及对氧气的吸收。
4. Yet, in several instances, justices acted in waysthat weaken the court's reputation for being independent and impartial.
【分析】复合句。主句主干为 justices acted。in several instances 和 in ways作状语， that 引导定语从句修饰ways。
【译文】然而，在一些情况下，法官的行为方式削弱了法院保持中立且公正的名声。

3. 2019年 高考英语 新课标2 阅读理解精析

A

My Favourite Books

    Jo Usmar is a writer for Cosmopolitan and co-author合著者  of the This Book Will series (系列) of lifestyle books. Here she picks her top reads.

Matilda

Roald Dahl

    I once wrote a paper on the influence of fairy tales童话故事 on Roald Dahl's writing and it gave me a new appreciation认识绝迟,了解  for his strange and delightful worlds. Matilda'扒宏猜s battles with her cruel parents and the bossy headmistress , Miss Trunchbull, are equally funny and frightening, but they're also aspirational .

After Dark

Haruki Murakami

    It's about two sisters — Eri, a model who either won't or can't stop sleeping, and Mari, a young student. In trying to connect to her sister, Mari starts changing her life and discovers a world of diverse "night people" who are hiding secrets .

Gone Girl

Gillian Flynn

    There was a bit of me that didn't want to love this when everyone else on the planet did, but the horror story is brilliant. There's tension and anxiety from the beginning as Nick and Amy battle for your trust. It's a real whonit and the frustration when you realize what's going on is horribly enjoyable.

The Stand

Stephen King

    This is an excellent fantasy novel from one of the best storytellers around. After a serious flu outbreak wipes out 99.4% of the world's population, a battle unfolds between good and evil among those left. Randall Flagg is one of the scariest characters ever.

B

    "You can use me as a last resort (选择) , and if nobody else volunteers, then I will do it." This was an actual reply from a parent after I put out a request for volunteers for my kids' lacrosse (长曲棍春型球) club.

    I guess that there's probably some demanding work schele or social anxiety around stepping up to help for an unknown sport. She may just need a little persuading. So I try again and tug at the heartstrings. I mention the single parent with four kids running the show and I talk about the dad coaching a team that his kids aren't even on ... At this point , the unwilling parent speaks up , "Alright. Yes, I'll do it."

    I'm secretly relieved because I know there's real power in sharing volunteer responsibilities among many. The unwilling parent organizes the meal schele , sends out emails , and collects money for end-of-season gifts. Somewhere along the way, the same parent ends up becoming an invaluable member of the team. The coach is able to focus on the kids while the other parents are relieved to be off the hook for another season. Handing out sliced oranges to bloodthirsty kids can be as exciting as watching your own kid score a goal .

    Still, most of us volunteers breathe a sigh of relief when the season comes to a close . That relief is coupled with a deep understanding of why the same people keep coming back for more: Connecting to the community (社区) as you freely give your time, money, skills, or services provides a real joy . Volunteering just feels so good.

    In that sense , I'm pretty sure volunteering is more of a selfish act than I'd freely like to admit . However, if others benefit in the process, and I get some reward too, does it really matter where my motivation lies?

C

    Marian Bechtel sits at West Palm Beach's Bar Louie counter by herself , quietly reading her e-book as she waits for her salad. What is she reading? None of your business! Lunch is Bechtel's "me" time. And like more Americans, she's not alone.

    A new report found 46 percent of meals are eaten alone in America. More than half (53 percent) have breakfast alone and nearly half (46 percent) have lunch by themselves. Only at dinnertime are we eating together anymore, 74 percent, according to statistics from the report.

    "I prefer to go out and be out. Alone, but together, you know?" Bechtel said, looking up from her book. Bechtel, who works in downtown West Palm Beach, has lunch with coworkers sometimes, but like many of us, too often works through lunch at her desk. A lunchtime escape allows her to keep a boss from tapping her on the shoulder . She returns to work feeling energized . " Today, I just wanted some time to myself, " she said.

    Just two seats over, Andrew Mazoleny, a local videographer, is finishing his lunçh at the bar . He likes that he can sit and check his phone in peace or chat up the barkeeper with whom he's on a first-name basis if he wants to have a little interaction (交流) . "I reflect on how my day's gone and think about the rest of the week," he said. " It's a chance for self-reflection. You return to work recharged and with a plan ."

    That freedom to choose is one reason more people like to eat alone . There was a time when people may have felt awkward about asking for a table for one, but those days are over. Now, we have our smartphones to keep us company at the table. "It doesn't feel as alone as it may have before all the advances in technology," said Laurie Demeritt, whose company provided the statistics for the report.

D

    Bacteria are an annoying problem for astronauts. The microorganisms (微生物) from our bodies grow uncontrollably on surfaces of the International Space Station, so astronauts spend hours cleaning them up each week. How is NASA overcoming this very tiny big problem? It's turning into a bunch of high school kids. But not just any kids. It is depending on NASA HUNCH high school classrooms, like the one science teachers Gene Gordon and Donna Himmelberg lead at Fairport High School in Fairport, New York.

    HUNCH is designed to connect high school classrooms with NASA engineers. For the past two years, Gordon's students have been studying ways to kill bacteria in zero gravity, and they think they 're close to a solution (解决方案). "We don't give the students any breaks. They have to do it just like NASA engineers," says Florence Gold, a project manager.

    "There are no tests," Gordon says. "There is no graded homework. There almost are no grades, other than 'Are you working towards your goal?' Basically, it's 'I've got to proce this proct and then, at the end of the year, present it to NASA.' Engineers come and really do an in-person review, and ... it's not a very nice thing at times . It's a hard business review of your proct."

    Gordon says the HUNCH program has an impact (影响) on college admissions and practical life skills . "These kids are so absorbed in their studies that I just sit back . I don't teach." And that annoying bacteria? Gordon says his students are emailing daily with NASA engineers about the problem, readying a workable solution to test in space.

4. 2019年高考英语全国卷2 - 阅读理解D

Bacteria are an annoying problem for astronauts. The microorganisms from our bodies grow uncontrollably on surfaces of the International Space Station, so astronauts spend hours cleaning them up each week. How is NASA overcoming this very tiny big problem? It’s turning to a bunch of high school kids. But not just any kids. It is depending on NASA HUNCH high school classrooms, like the one science teachers Gene Gordon and Donna Himmelberg lead at Fairport High School in Fairport, New York.
对宇航员来说，细菌是个烦人的问题。来自我们身体的微生物在国际空间站的表面不受控制地生长，所以宇航员每周要花数小时来清理它们。NASA是如何克服这个非常细微的大问题的？现在轮到一群高中生了，但不是所有高中生，这取决于NASA HUNCH高中课程，比如纽约州费尔波特市费尔波特高中的科学教师吉恩·戈登和唐娜·哈姆伯格。

HUNCH is designed to connect high school classrooms with NASA engineers. For the past two years, Gordon’s students have been studying ways to kill bacteria in zero gravity, and they think they’re close to a solution. “We don’t give the students any breaks. They have to do it just like NASA engineers,” says Florence Gold, a project manager.
HUNCH目的是将高中课程与NASA工程师连接。在过去的两年里，戈登的学生们一直在研究如何在零重力下杀死细菌，他们认为已经接近解决方案。项目经理弗洛伦斯·戈尔德说：“我们不给学生任何休息时间，他们必须像NASA的工程师一样去做”。

“There are no tests,” Gordon says. “There is no graded homework. There almost are no grades, other than ‘Are you working towards your goal?’ Basically, it’s ‘I’ve got to proce this proct and then, at the end of year, present it to NASA.’ Engineers come and really do an in-person review, and...it’s not a very nice thing at times. It’s a hard business review of your proct.”
戈登说：“没有考试，没有评分作业。除了‘你正在朝着你的目标努力吗？’之外，几乎没有评分。基本上，它是‘我必须生产这个产品，然后在年底前提交给NASA’。工程师们亲自来做审查，然后……有时这并不好，对你的产品进行商业审查很难。”

Gordon says the HUNCH program has an impact on college admissions and practical life skills. “These kids are so absorbed in their studies that I just sit back. I don’t teach.” And that annoying bacteria? Gordon says his students are emailing daily with NASA engineers about the problem, readying a workable solution to test in space.
戈登说HUNCH 项目对大学入学和实际生活技能有影响。“这些孩子全神贯注于学习，我只是在那坐着，我不教他们。”那讨厌的细菌呢？戈登说，他的学生每天都在给NASA的工程师发邮件，讨论这个问题，准备一个可行的解决方案，在太空进行测试。

5. 2019年高考英语全国卷2 - 阅读理解B

“You can use me as a last resort, and if nobody else volunteers，then I will do it.” This was an actual reply from a parent after I put out a request for volunteers for my kids lacrosse club.
“你可以将我作为最后选择，如果没有模困唯其他人做志愿者，我来做。”这是在我向我的孩子长曲棍球俱乐部提出志愿者请求后一位家长的真实回答。

I guess that there's probably some demanding work schele, or social anxiety around stepping up to help for an unknown sport. She may just need a little persuading. So I try again and tug at the heartstrings. I mention the single parent with four kids running the show and I talk about the dad coaching a team that his kids aren’t even on … At this point the unwilling parent speaks up, “Alright. Yes, I’ll do it.”
我想可能有一些苛刻的工作安排，或者帮助一项未知的运动产生社交焦虑。她可能只需要一些说服，所以我得再试一次，动之以情。我提到有一个有四个孩子的单亲家长在主持节目，有一位父亲在指导一个他的孩子甚至都不在其中的团队……此时，这位不情愿的旦培家长大声说，“好吧，是的，我来做。”

I’m secretly relieved because I know there’s real power in sharing volunteer responsibilities among many. The unwilling parent organizes the meal schele, sends out emails, and collects money for end-of-season gifts. Somewhere along the way, the same parent ends up becoming an invaluable member of the team. The coach is able to focus on the kids while the other parents are relieved to be off the hook for another season. Handing out sliced oranges to bloodthirsty kids can be as exciting as watching your own kid score a goal.
我暗自松了一口气，因为我知道在许多人之间分担志愿者的责任具有真正的力量。不情愿的家长会安尺衡排用餐计划，发送电子邮件，并为季末礼物筹款。在这个过程中，这些家长最终成为了团队中不可或缺的一员。教练可以把注意力集中在孩子身上，而其他家长则可以松一口气，不用再为下一个赛季操心。向充满斗志的孩子们分发一片片橙子就像看着自己的孩子进球一样令人兴奋。

Still, most of us volunteers breathe a sigh of relief when the season comes to a close. That relief is coupled with a deep understanding of why the same people keep coming back for more: Connecting to the community as you freely give your time, money, skills, or services provides a real joy. Volunteering just feels so good.
然而，当季节结束时，我们大多数志愿者都松了一口气。这种宽慰与深刻理解就是为什么这些人持续做志愿者的原因：与社区建立联系，当你自由地投入时间、金钱、技能或服务时，你会感到真正的快乐。做志愿者感觉真好。

In that sense, I’m pretty sure volunteering is more of a selfish act than I’d freely like to admit. However, if others benefit in the process, and I get some reward too, does it really matter where my motivation lies?
从这个意义上说，我真的认为志愿服务更是一种我不愿意承认的自私行为。然而，如果其他人在这个过程中受益，而我也得到了一些回报，那么我的动机真的重要吗？

6. 英语阅读，逐句翻译

翻译答案如下：

My son Joey was born with club feet. The doctors assured us that with treatment he would be able to walk normally - but would never run very well. The first three years of his life were spent in surgery, casts and braces. By the time he was eight, you wouldn't know he had a problem when you saw him walk.
我的儿子琼尼先天性平足。医生向我们保证说经过治疗他可以正常行走，但是不能跑得很好。他生命中的第一个三岁之前一直在接受治疗并使用拐杖。在他八岁的时候，当你看着他走路时，你不会知道他的脚其实是有问题的。

The children in our neighborhood ran around as most children do ring play, and Joey would jump right in and run and play, too. We never told him that he probably wouldn't be able to run as well as the other children. So he didn't know.
邻居的小孩子们做游戏的时候他总是跑过来跑过去。毫无疑问小琼尼看到他们玩就会马上加进去跑啊闹的。我们从不告诉他不能像别的孩子那样跑，我们从不说他和别的孩子不一样。因为我们不对他说，所以他不知道。

In seventh grade he decided to go out for the cross-country team. Every day he trained with the team. He worked harder and ran more than any of the others - perhaps he sensed that the abilities that seemed to come naturally to so many others did not come naturally to him. Although the entire team runs, only the top seven runners have the potential to score points for the school. We didn't tell him he probably would never make the team, so he didn't know.
七年级的时候，琼尼决定参加跑步横穿全美的比赛。每天他和大伙一块训练，也许是意识到自己先天不如别人，他训练得比任何人都刻苦。训练队的前7名选手可以参加最后比赛，为学校拿分。我们没有告诉琼尼。也许会落空，所以他不知道。

He continued to run four to five miles a day, every day - even the day he had a 103-degree fever. I was worried, so I went to look for him after school. I found him running all alone. I asked him how he felt. "Okay," he said. He had two more miles to go. The sweat ran down his face and his eyes were glassy from his fever. Yet he looked straight ahead and kept running. We never told him he couldn't run four miles with a 103-degree fever. So he didn't know.
他坚持每天跑4~5英里。我永远不会忘记有一次,他发着高烧，但仍坚持训练。我为他担心，于是去学校看他。发现他正在一个人沿着长长的林荫道跑步。我问他感觉怎么样，"很好。"他说，还剩下最后两英里。他满脸是汗，眼睛因为发烧失去了光彩。然而他目不斜视，坚持着跑下来。我们从没有告诉他不能发着高烧去跑4英里的路，我们从没有这样对他说，所以他不知道。

Two weeks later, the names of the team runners were called. Joey was number six on the list. Joey had made the team. He was in seventh grade - the other six team members were all eighth-graders. We never told him he shouldn't expect to make the team. We never told him he couldn't do it. We never told him he couldn't do it...so he didn't know. He just did it.
两个星期后，在决赛前的3天，长跑队的名次被确定下来。琼尼是第六名，他成功了。他才是个七年级生，而其余的人都是八年级生。我们从没有告诉他不要去期望入选，我们从没有对他说他不会成功。是的,从没说起过……所以他不知道,但他却做到了!