考研英语阅读真题做恶梦被叫醒
考研英语阅读理解汉语翻译
考研英语阅读不仅需要大量的词汇量，更需从答案着手，“慧眼识珠”，消除干扰答案，更加快速高效的做出选择。下面是我给大家准备的考研英语阅读理解真题及汉语翻译，欢迎大家阅读练习!
The marvelous telephone and television network that has now enmeshed the whole world, making all men neighbours, cannot be extended into space. It will never be possible to converse with anyone on another planet. Even with today's radio equipment, the messages will take minutes—sometimes hours—on their journey, because radio and light waves travel at the same limited speed of 186, 000 miles a second.
Twenty years from now you will be able to listen to a friend on Mars, but the words you hear will have left his mouth at least three minutes earlier, and your reply will take a corresponding time to reach him. In such circumstances, an exchange of verbal messages is possible—but not a conversation.
To a culture which has come to take instantaneous communication for granted, as part of the very structure of civilized life, this “time barrier” may have a profound psychological impact. It will be a perpetual reminder of universal laws and limitations against which not all our technology can ever prevail. For it seems as certain as anything can be that no signal—still less any material object—can ever travel faster than light.
The velocity of light is the ultimate speed limit, being part of the very structure of space and time. Within the narrow confines of the solar system, it will not handicap us too severely. At the worst, these will amount to twenty hours—the time it takes a radio signal to span the orbit of Pluto, the outer-most planet.
It is when we move out beyond the confines of the solar system that we come face to face with an altogether new order of cosmic reality. Even today, many otherwise ecated men—like those savages who can count to three but lump together all numbers beyond four—cannot grasp the profound distinction between solar and stellar space. The first is the space enclosing our neighbouring worlds, the planets; the second is that which embraces those distant suns, the stars, and it is literally millions of times greater. There is no such abrupt change of scale in the terrestrial affairs.
Many conservative scientists, appalled by these cosmic gulfs, have denied that they can ever be crossed. Some people never learn; those who sixty years ago scoffed at the possibility of flight, and ten years ago laughed at the idea of travel to the planets, are now quite sure that the stars will always be beyond our reach. And again they are wrong, for they have failed to grasp the great lesson of our age—that if something is possible in theory, and no fundamental scientific laws oppose its realization, then sooner or later it will be achieved.
One day we shall discover a really efficient means of propelling our space vehicles. Every technical device is always developed to its limit and the ultimate speed for spaceships is the velocity of light. They will never reach that goal, but they will get very near it. And then the nearest star will be less than five years voyaging from the earth.[514 words]
11.For light to travel across the solar system, it will take_______.
[A] a year [B] nearly a day [C] two months [D] thirty minutes
12.The fact that it will never be possible to converse with someone on another planet shows that________
[A] radio messages do not travel fast enough
[B] no object can ever travel faster than light
[C] western culture has a special idea of communication
[D] certain universal laws cannot be prevailed against
13.Confronted with the new order of cosmic reality, many ecated men________.
[A] become ignorant savage again [B] find the “time barrier” unbearable
[C] will not combine solar and stellar space[D] cannot adapt to the abrupt change of scale
14.Conservative scientists who deny that cosmic gulfs can ever be crossed will________
[A] laugh at the very idea of flight [B] learn a lesson as they did ten years ago
[C] find space travel beyond their reach[D] oppose the fundamental scientific laws
15.The author of the passage intends to show__________.
[A] the limitations of our technology [B] the vastness of the cosmic reality
[C] the prospect of planetary travel [D] the psychological impact of time and space
>>>>>>答案解析<<<<<<
核心词汇
enclose vt. *① [常用被动态] to surround sth., especially with a fence or wall, in order to make it separate(尤指用篱笆或围墙)围起来 例：A high wall enclosed the courtyard. 一堵高墙把院子围了起来。 ② 随信附上，随信装入 例：Please enclose a check with your order. 请您随定单附上支票。
en-?是构成动词的前缀，表示 ① “使处于某种状态，使有某种特征，使成为……”例：danger使陷入危险中，危害，危及，enlarge使变大，扩大，enslave使成为奴隶，奴役 ②“把……包住;包涵”例：encircle围绕，环绕，包围，encase把……放入箱(盒、袋等)内
lump n. ① a small piece of something solid, without a particular shape(不定形的)块例：There were lumps in the sauce. 酱汁中有块状的东西。②方糖 例：One lump or two? 要一块还是两块方糖?vt. to accept a situation or decision you do not like because you cannot change it 无奈地接受 例： I?m going to that party! Like it or lump it! 我打算去参加那个聚会!不管喜欢还是不喜欢!
[短语搭配] *lump sth. together 把……合在一起考虑;算在一起 例：Pacifists, atheists and journalists were all lumped together as “troublemakers”. 和平主义者、无神论者和记者都被归为“捣乱分子”。
超纲词汇
enmesh vt. *① 用网捕捉，使陷入网中;文中指“以电话和电视网络将整个世界联系起来” ② 使陷入，使卷入 例：be enmeshed in difficulties陷入困难中
stellar a.*① 恒星的，与星有关的 ② 极好的 例：the company?s stellar growth公司的良好发展
terrestrial a. ① 陆地的 *② 地球上的
长难句分析
1. The marvelous telephone and television network that has now enmeshed the whole world, makingall men neighbors, cannot be extended into space.
该句主干是一个被动句The marvelous telephone and television network... cannot be extended into space。其中that引导的定语从句做后置定语修饰network;分词短语making all men neighbors当结果状语，修饰整个定语从句。
2. To a culture which has come to take instantaneous communication for granted, as part of the very structure of civilized life, this “time barrier” may have a profound psychological impact.
该句主干是This “time barriers” may have a profound psychological impact。介词短语to a culture which... 充当状语成分，修饰句子主干，其中which引导的定语从句修饰a culture;介词短语as... 与前面的动词take构成“动词+复合宾语”的结构take sth. as sth.(把……看作……)。
3. Those who sixty years ago scoffed at the possibility of flight, and ten years ago laughed at the idea of travel to the planets, are now quite sure that the stars will always be beyond our reach.
该句主干是Those... are now quite sure that... 。who引导的定语从句修饰主语those;连词and 连接的两个动词短语scoffed...和laughed... 是并列关系，一起充当定语从句的谓语。that引导的从句充当表语。
语篇分析
本文题材涉及星际通信。作者告诉读者虽然人类在宇宙中的交流受到速度的限制，但是跨越宇宙鸿沟的可能性是存在的。它是一篇现象解释型文章，按照“指出现象—解释现象—提出新观点”脉络展开论述，可分成三部分。
第一、二段为第一部分，指出现象：星际之间的通信受到速度的限制。
第一段：开篇指出，地球上的通信系统无法延伸到太空中，因此人类无法实现星际之间的对话。接着分析原因：无线电波和光波传播速度的限制(the same limited speed)使信息需要花很长时间才能到达(the messages will take minutes—sometimes hours—on their journey)。
第二段：以火星为例，具体说明星际之间无法实现通常意义上的“对话”(a conversation is impossible)。由此可以推知，未来星际之间的交流将采用延时通信(communication delay)的方式。
第三、四段，分析现象带来的影响。
第三段：指出“时间障碍”对人们造成的心理影响(a profound psychological impact)，即人们意识到技术不能战胜宇宙的普遍规律和限制(universal laws and limitations against which not all our technology can ever prevail)。
第四段：指出速度限制在狭小的太阳系内(the narrow confines of the solar system)不会给人们带来不便(will not handicap us too severely)，并且以冥王星为例说明速度的限制在太阳系内最多造成20个小时的延迟。
第五至七段：作者就星际之间的通信问题提出新的观点。
第五段：提出观点一，即，人们应该认识到太阳系之外的宇宙更浩瀚，天体规模的变化更突然(greater， abrupt change of scale)。该段批评了一些人对宇宙的无知(like savages，cannot grasp the profound distinction)，并且对太阳系和恒星系两个概念给予了界定。
第六段：批评那些否认跨越宇宙鸿沟的可能性(appalled by these cosmic gulfs, denied that they can ever be crossed)的保守的科学家。从理论上进行论证：人类的发展证明，只要是理论上证明可能的事情，人类迟早能够实现(If something is possible in theory, then sooner or later it will be achieved)。
第七段：提出观点二，即，技术的发展将使跨越宇宙鸿沟变为可能。该段指出未来的航天器驱动方式(a really efficient means of propelling our space vehicles)将会接近速度的极限。全文最后以展望星际旅行的前景结束。
文章总体特点：全文内容分为两大部分，前面部分围绕“宇宙速度限制”展开，后面部分围绕“跨越宇宙鸿沟的可能性”展开。前面部分是铺垫，后面部分才是作者观点的论述，即全文的重心。
试题命制分析
通过对文章的整体分析，我们可以从以下几个方面命题，考查考生的阅读理解能力。
1. 事实细节题
(1) 文中出现多处数字，包括：无线电波或者光波的传播速度都是每秒186, 000英里;无线电信号达到冥王星的时间是20小时;未来乘坐航天器达到最近的恒星需要大约5年的时间。针对这些细节可以命制数字细节题，参见试题11。
(2) 第一段含有两个层次的因果关系：人类无法实现星际之间的对话是因为信号传送时间长;信号传送时间长是因为无线电波或者光波传播速度的限制。这里可以命制因果细节题，参见试题12。
(3) 结合第三段和第四段考查“速度限制或时间障碍”造成的影响。如：[A] 人类不再盲目崇拜技术;[B] 给人类生活带来诸多不便;[C] 星际之间无法进行交流;[D] 诱发人类一些心理疾病。(答案：[A])
2. 推理引申题
(1) 针对第二段关于与火星上的人交流的描述考查未来星际之间的交流方式。
(2) 针对第四段末句考查太阳系内通信延迟的时间最长可以达多久。
3. 人物观点、态度题
第五段和第六段提到了两类保守的人，根据文中的描述，可以命制人物观点题，参见试题13和14。也可以考查他们看待时间障碍问题的态度，如：[A] 肯定的;[B] 否定的;[C] 中立的;[D] 含糊不清的.。(答案：[A])
4. 作者观点、态度题
(1) 考查作者对文中提到的两类人的态度，如：[A] 褒扬;[B] 批判;[C] 同情;[D] 厌恶。(答案：[B])
(2) 根据第五段至第七段，考查作者观点，如：[A] 人类在浩瀚的宇宙中十分渺小;[B] 人们应该了解太阳系之外的宇宙;[C] 技术的力量是无穷无尽的;[D] 宇宙速度的限制迟早会被突破。(答案：[B])
5. 词义句意题
(1) 考查第五段lump together的含义。
(2) 根据上文推测第六段末句If something is possible in theory... then sooner or later it will be achieved的含义，如：[A] 未来的人类终将跨越宇宙鸿沟;[B] 任何设想都不要违背自然规律;[C] 保守的人永远不能正确预见未来;[D] 理论与实际的距离只是时间问题。(答案：[A])
试题精解
11.光穿过太阳系需要多长时间?
[A] 一年。 [B] 将近一天。 [C] 两个月。 [D] 30分钟。
[精解] 答案B本题考查考生的数字推理能力。原文中没有直接的回答，但是第一段末句指出：“无线电和光的传播速度相同。”第四段最后一句又指出，无线电传到太阳系中最远的冥王星，要20小时。所以[B]项正确。
12.人无法和另外一个星球的人进行对话这一事实表明_____。
[A] 无线电的传播速度不够快 [B] 没有物体能比光的速度快
[C] 西方文化有特别的交流观念[D] 某些普遍规律不能被战胜
[精解] 答案A本题考查事实细节。第一段后两句指出，“永远不可能和另一个星球人进行对话。即使有今天的无线电设备，信息传播也需要好几分钟，甚至好几个小时，因为无线电和光波都是以有限速度传播。”第二段中举了一个和火星人交流的例子，得出的结论是：“交换语言信息是可能的，但是不可能对话。”[A]项指的是传播速度的限制，为正确项。[B]是第三段末句的改写，是事实，但它与无法实现星际对话没有必然的联系。[C]项在第三段提到，但“认为即刻交流是理所当然的文化”是人思维局限的表现，而“人无法和另外一个星球的人进行对话”是自然规律事实，后者不能表明前者。该段也提到，“时间的局限性”(即无法和外星人进行对话)提醒我们不是所有的技术都能战胜普遍规律和限制，因此这里说明的是“技术的局限性”，而不是[D]项中的“规律的不可战胜性”。
13.面对宇宙现实的新秩序，许多受过教育的人士________。
[A] 又变成无知的野人 [B] 发现“时间局限性”不可容忍
[C] 将不会把太阳系和恒星系结合起来[D] 不能适应这种突然的大规模的变化
[精解] 答案D本题考查事实细节。文章第五段第二句提到，“许多在别的方面受过教育的人，像只能数到三的野人，无法明白太阳系和恒星系的巨大不同。……(后者比前者)确实大几百万倍，地球上的事物在规模上没有这样巨大的变化。”可见，他们无法适应如此巨大的规模变化，选择[D]。[A]项拘泥于字面含义，没有理解文中举出“野人”只是为了说明那些受过教育的人在变化面前的无知，而不是真的变成了野人。[B]项文中未提，[C]项中“结合”应换成“区分”，才符合文意。
14.否认人们可能跨越巨大宇宙鸿沟的那些保守科学家将会_______。
[A] 嘲笑飞行的想法 [B] 像10年前一样吸取教训
[C] 发现太空旅行非他们所能及[D] 反对基本的科学规律
[精解] 答案C本题考查事实细节。倒数第二段谈到这些保守科学家时，作者指出：“一些人从来不吸取教训;他们60年前怀疑飞行的可能性，10年前耻笑飞往其他行星的想法，现在又满有把握地说恒星是我们永远不能及的。”据此，最为相近的答案应该是[C]。
15.从课文中，我们可以推出作者的意图是要说明_______。
[A] 我们技术的局限性 [B] 宇宙现实的广阔性
[C] 星际旅行的前景 [D] 时间和空间对心理上的影响
[精解] 答案C本题考查写作目的。综观全文，作者从无线电和光速谈起，批评了很多持保守态度的人，进而论证人类终将跨越宇宙鸿沟。文章最后描述未来星际旅行标志了人类跨越宇宙鸿沟的实现。可见，[C]是作者要说明的问题。
全文翻译
神奇的电话和电视网络将整个世界连结在一起，使所有的人都成了邻居，但是却不能延伸到宇宙中。你永远不可能和另一个星球上的人进行对话。即使有今天的无线电设备，信息传播也需要好几分钟，有时候甚至好几个小时，因为无线电和光波都是以每秒186, 000英里的有限速度传播。
20年后你能够听来自火星上的朋友说话，但是话从他口中说出至少要经过三分钟你才可以听到，你的回答也将经过相同的时间才能到达他耳中。在这样的状况下，交换语言信息是可能的，但是不可能对话。
对于一个认为即刻交流理所当然，并将其视为文明生活完整结构的一部分的文化来说，这种“时间障碍”可能会有深刻的心理影响。时间障碍(即无法和外星人进行对话)永远提醒我们不是所有的技术都能战胜普遍规律和限制。看起来非常确定的事情是：没有信号，更不用说物质，可以比光传播的速度快。
作为时空结构的一部分，光速是终极速度极限。在太阳系狭小的范围内，它不会给我们带来太严重的不便。最糟糕的情况也就是20小时，即无线电信号越过最远的冥王星的轨迹的时间。
正是当我们走到太阳系的界限之外的时候，我们开始面对着一个全新的宇宙秩序。即使在今天，许多在别的方面受过教育的人，像只能数到三而把三以上的数字都统称为四的野人，他们无法明白太阳系和恒星系的巨大不同。前者是围绕我们邻近的世界即行星的宇宙，后者是围绕那些遥远的恒星的宇宙。(后者比前者)确实大几百万倍，地球上的事物在规模上没有这样巨大的变化。
许多保守的科学家惊讶于这些宇宙鸿沟之大，因此否认跨越它们的可能性。有些人永远也不会进步：他们60年前怀疑飞行的可能性，10年前耻笑飞往其他行星的想法，现在又满有把握地说恒星是我们永远不能及的。他们再一次地错了，因为他们没有领悟我们这一时代的教训——如果某些东西从理论上说是可能的，并且没有一些基本的科学法则反对它的实现的话，它早晚都会实现。
有一天，我们会发现一种真正有效的航天器驱动方式。每一个技术发明都会发展到极限，而宇宙飞船的最终速度是光速。它们永远不会达到这个速度，但是它们将会与这个速度非常接近。那时，离地球最近的恒星用不了5年就可以到达。
;② 考研英语2009年阅读Text 3
required by 如果没有by你的翻译就是正确的了
by 表示被（要求）
所以是后者需要前者
③ 考研英语阅读理解和翻译
考研英语阅读理解和翻译
想要把考研英语考好,不在考场上心理崩盘,只有详细研究真题和精读外刊,否则绝大部分考生对文章的理解注定是只言片语和模糊不清的,下面是我给大家提供的考研的英语阅读理解练习真题及翻译，一起来练习一下吧!
The world is goingthrough the biggest wave of mergers and acquisitions ever witnessed. Theprocess sweeps from hyperactive America to Europe and reaches the emergingcountries with unsurpassed might. Many in these countries are looking at thisprocess and worrying: “Won't the wave of business concentration turn into an uncontrollableanti-competitive force?"
There's no question that the big are getting bigger and morepowerful. Multinational corporations accounted for less than 20% ofinternational trade in 1982. Today the figure is more than 25% and growingrapidly. International affiliates account for a fast-growing segment ofproction in economies that open up and welcome foreign investment. InArgentina, for instance, after the reforms of the early 1990s, multinationalswent from 43% to almost 70% of the instrial proction of the 200 largestfirms. This phenomenon has created serious concerns over the role of smallereconomic firms, of national businessmen and over the ultimate stability of theworld economy。
I believe that the most important forces behind the massive M&Awave are the same that underlie the globalization process: fallingtransportation and communication costs, lower trade and investment barriers andenlarged markets that require enlarged operations capable of meeting customers'demands. All these are beneficial, not detrimental, to consumers. Asproctivity grows, the world's wealth increases。
Examples of benefits or costs of the current concentration wave arescanty. Yet it is hard to imagine that the merger of a few oil firms todaycould re-create the same threats to competition that were feared nearly acentury ago in the U.S., when the Standard Oil trust was broken up. The mergersof telecom companies, such as WorldCom, hardly seem to bring higher prices forconsumers or a rection in the pace of technical progress. On the contrary,the price of communications is coming down fast. In cars, too, concentration isincreasing—witness Daimler and Chrysler, Renault and Nissan—but it doesnot appear that consumers are being hurt。
Yet the fact remains that the merger movement must be watched. Afew weeks ago, Alan Greenspan warned against the megamergers in the bankinginstry. Who is going to supervise, regulate and operate as lender of lastresort with the gigantic banks that are being created? Won't multinationalsshift proction from one place to another when a nation gets too strict aboutinfringements to fair competition? And should one country take upon itself therole of“defending competition" on issues that affect many othernations, as in the U.S. vs. Microsoft case?
33. What is the typical trend of businesses today?
[A]To take in more foreign funds
[B]To invest more abroad
[C]To combine and become bigger
[D]To trade with more countries
34. According to the author, one of the driving forces behindM&A wave is _________。
[A]the greater customer demands
[B]a surplus supply for the market
[C]a growing proctivity
[D]the increase of the world's wealth
35. From paragraph 4 we can infer that _________。
[A]the increasing concentration is certain to hurt consumers
[B]WorldCom serves as a good example of both benefits and costs
[C]the costs of the globalization process are enormous
[D]the Standard Oil trust might have threatened competition
36. Toward the new business wave, the writer's attitude can be saidto be _________。
[A]optimistic
[B]objective
[C]pessimistic
[D]biased
>>>>>>答案解析<<<<<<
33. What is the typical trend of businesses today? 今天的商业典型的发展趋势是什么?
[A]To take in more foreign funds 吸收更多外资
[B]To invest more abroad 进行更多对外投资
[C]To combine and become bigger 合并做强
[D]To trade with more countries 与更多国家贸易
【答案】 C
【考点】 事实细节题。
【分析】 文章第一段中说“世界正在经历一场前所未有的最大的的并购浪潮。这个浪潮从异常活跃的美国开始，横扫欧洲，并以不可比拟的威力影响到正在崛起的国家”，因此可以判断正确答案是[C]。
34. According to the author, one of the driving forces behindM&A wave is _______。
根据本文作者，在合并浪潮背后的一个驱动力是______。
[A]the greater customer demands 更大的消费需求
[B]a surplus supply for the market 对市场的剩余供给
[C]a growing proctivity 日益增长的生产率
[D]the increase of the world’s wealth 世界财富的增长
【答案】 A
【考点】 事实细节题。
【分析】 根据“合并浪潮的推动力”可以定位到第三段。在作者看来，“日趋下降的运输与通讯费用，较低的贸易与投资壁垒，以及市场的扩大和为满足市场需求而进行的扩大生产，是推动这股巨大的并购浪潮的最主要的力量，也是推动全球化进程的力量”。将四个选项对比这三个因素，只有[A]包括了根据顾客的需要扩大市场这个因素。
35. From paragraph 4 we can infer that _____。
从第四段中我们可以推断出_____。
[A] the increasing concentration is certain to hurt consumers
日益增长的集中肯定会损害消费者的利益
[B] WorldCom serves as a good example of both benefits and costs
世通就是一个合并利与弊的好例子
[C] the costs of the globalization process are enormous
全球化进程的成本很高
[D] the Standard Oil trust might have threatened competition
标准石油托拉斯或许已经威胁到竞争
【答案】 D
【考点】 推断题。
【分析】 [A]“日益增长的集中肯定会损害消费者的利益”与原文第四段第一句不符合，因为作者说“这股合并浪潮是带来益处还是弊端的实例还很少”，因此很难说肯定会带来损害。[B]提到“世通”，说是一个带来利益和降低成本的好例子。这句说是“价格没有随着合并而提高”，并没有提到价格降低问题，因此，合并虽然没有伤害消费者，也没有给他们带来利益。[C]本段没有涉及。[D]可以从文中“很难想像当今的几个石油公司的合并能够再次造成像100年前美国标准石油托拉斯对竞争形成的威胁”，这说明当年这个石油公司肯定曾经对竞争造成巨大威胁。
36. Toward the new business wave, the writer’s attitudecan be said to be _____。
作者看待新的商业浪潮的态度可以说是_______。
[A]optimistic 乐观的
[B]objective 客观的
[C]pessimistic 悲观的
[D]biased 歧视的
【答案】 B
【考点】 作者态度题。
【分析】 本题考查考生是否了解作者的态度。文中作者提到了“合并”的益处，但是同时也在第四段中提到“我们必须警惕这样的合并浪潮”。作者是从两个方面来谈论这个问题的，因此我们可以判断作者的态度应该是客观的。
难句解析：
1. This phenomenon has created serious concerns over the role ofsmaller economic firms, of national businessmen and over the ultimate stabilityof the world economy。
【结构分析】本题的主干是“This phenomenon has created serious concerns”，两个“over”引导介宾短语，是并列的成分，做“concern”的定语。而“of smaller economic firms”与“of nationalbusinessmen”都是第一个“role”的定语。
2. I believe that the most important forces behind the massiveM&A wave are the same that underlie the globalization process: fallingtransportation and communication costs, lower trade and investment barriers andenlarged markets that require enlarged operations capable of meeting customers’ demands。
【结构分析】本句主句是“I believe ”，“that”引导一个宾语从句，在这个宾语从句中，后面的“that”前面省略了“forces”，这个“that”引导一个定语从句，修饰这个省略的“forces”。冒号后面的部分是“the most important forces”的同位语，其中“markets”后面的“that”引导定语从句修饰“markets”，“capable ofmeeting customers' demands”是“operations”的定语。
全文翻译：
世界正在经历一场前所未有的最大的的并购浪潮。这个浪潮从异常活跃的美国开始，横扫欧洲，并以不可比拟的威力影响到正在崛起的国家。这些国家的许多人面对这个浪潮，倍感忧虑：“商业集中的浪潮会不会演变成一股无法控制的反竞争的力量?”
无疑，大企业正在变得更大、更强。1982年，跨国公司占国际贸易不到20%的份额。而如今，这个数字已经超过25%，并且还在迅速上升。在那些对外开放并鼓励外资的经济体中，国际分公司在生产中也正占据一个越来越大的份额。比如，在阿根廷，经过90年代初的改革之后，跨国公司在200家大型企业的工业生产中从43%增加到几乎70%。这个现象使人们开始重视小型企业和民族资本的作用以及世界经济的最终稳定。
我认为，日趋下降的运输与通讯费用，较低的贸易与投资壁垒，以及市场的扩大和为满足市场需求而进行的扩大生产，是推动这股巨大的并购浪潮的最主要的力量，也是推动全球化进程的力量。所有这些对消费者来说都是有益而无害的。随着生产力的`提高，世界的财富也在增长。
这股合并浪潮是带来益处还是弊端的实例还很少。但是很难想像当今的几个石油公司的合并能够再次造成像100年前美国标准石油托拉斯对竞争形成的威胁，人们当时很害怕这家公司，结果导致了它最终的解散。像世通这样的通讯公司的合并似乎不会抬高消费价格，或者减缓技术进步的速度，与之相反的是通信的价格的快速下降。汽车行业的合并也同样在增加——瞧瞧戴姆勒与克莱斯勒，雷诺与尼桑的合并——但看起来消费者并未受到伤害。
但是有一个事实，那就是合并必须受到密切关注。就在几星期以前，格林斯潘对银行业的大规模合并发出了警告。正在创建的这样的巨大的银行一旦出现，谁来充当最终的借贷者，谁来发挥监督、规范和运作的作用呢?当一个国家对破坏公平竞争的行为的处理过于严厉时，跨国公司会不会把它们的生产从一地转到另一地呢?在那些将会影响许多其他国家的问题上，一个国家是否应该发挥“保护竞争”的作用，就如同美国政府对微软公司案例那样?
;④ 求，历年考研英语一真题阅读mp3音频发，给百度网盘地址，或其他方式也可以，谢谢
家里网速不给力明早去公司给你发2001—2010考研英语真题全文朗读MP3压缩后有310兆用 邮箱重新发了一遍给你注意查收记得先转存到中转站在文件中转站里下载还可以保存30天
⑤ 96年考研英语试题阅读理解中的一句话太长了，看不明白，大家帮我翻译一下，谢谢了
首先这个句子是but连接的两个转折关系的句子。第一个句子的主干结构是The... manager... was in more direct relation with...。第一个句子中acting for是现在分词作定语，修饰manager。第二个句子的主干结构是he had seldom that... knowledge of the workmen...。第二个句子中which引导定语从句which the employer had often had...修饰前面的familiar personal knowledge，passing away是现在分词作定语修饰前面的family business。under the more patriarchal system of the old family business是介词词组作状语，修饰谓语had often had。
理解本句的重点在于对第二个分句的理解。he指代前面的the paid manager，which引导的定语从句是修饰that familiar personal knowledge的，而不是修饰workmen的，因为在这个of词组that familiar personal knowledge of the workmen当中中词词是knowledge，而且其中的that一词是用来强调familiar personal knowledge，在朗读的时候应该重读。另外现在分词词组now passing away是修饰前面的the old family business的。把这些修饰关系弄清楚，就能够把握句子的层次结构了。
⑥ 09年的考研英语真题阅读第四篇中的一句，求翻译求详细讲解
据许多书籍和文章，新英格兰的领袖们建立了一个展开的基本主题和关注，美国知识分子生活中占主导地位的清教传统。
望采纳！
⑦ 考研英语2010真题第一篇阅读里的一句,求翻译.
原因：save to是个固定搭配的介词短语，是除了的意思。按字面解释，save表示仅限于的含义，和to连用，整个短语算是介词成分。
一、his
1、含义：adj. 他的。pron. 他的。
2、用法：
直接源自古英语的he，意为他的。
He claims it was his idea.
他声称这是他的主意。
二、print
1、含义：v. 印刷；出版；打印；铭刻。n. 印刷字体；版画；印刷；印记；印刷物；印花。adj. 印刷的。
2、用法：
print的基本意思可指印刷品，即印成的“图画，图案，版画等”或由底片印出的“照片”，是可数名词。
print也可表示“印刷字体”，是不可数名词。
How many copies shall we print from the negative?
用这张底片我们要印多少张相片?
三、body
1、含义：n. 身体；主体；正文；主要部分；尸体；躯体；团体。v. 赋…以形体。
2、用法：
body的基本意思是“身体”“躯体”“躯干部”,强调的是人相对于soul, mind, spirit的躯体,而不是人或健康状况,是可数名词。
body表示“躯体”除用于人或动物外，还可用于车身、船身、机身、正文、主体等。
Alcoholic drink can have a bad effect on your body.
含酒精的饮料会对你身体有很坏的影响。
四、music
1、含义：n. 音乐；美妙的声音；乐谱。
2、用法：
music是抽象名词,不可数,可作“音乐,乐曲”解。泛指“音乐”时不与冠词连用,特指“乐曲”时或music前有形容词最高级修饰时,可与定冠词、物主代词、指示代词等连用。“一首乐曲”是a piece of music,“几首乐曲”是several pieces of music。
He is interested in music.
他对音乐有兴趣。
五、save
1、含义：v. 救；节省；保存。n. 救援，救助。
2、用法：
save的基本意思是采取措施把人或动物从险境中解救出来或使其“脱离危险,免受损失”,可指从危险、灾难、困难、错误中救起某人或拯救某人的性命,也可指人储存金钱、食物、节省时间(以备自救)等,有时还可指人“保全面子、名声”等。
Children should learn to save.
孩子们应学会储蓄。
⑧ 08年考研英语阅读理解第三篇翻译
08年考研英语阅读理解第三篇翻译：
在20世纪60年代早期，Wilt Chamberlain是美国国家篮球协会中仅有的身高超过7英尺的三个人之一。可是如果他参加了上个赛季的话，他就变成了42分之一了。这些年来在较大的职业体育运动中的运动员的身体状况发生了很大的改变，而他们的经理人也更愿意调整队员的运动服来适应队员们更大，更高的身材。
虽然体育界的这种趋势可能蒙蔽了一个没有被承认的现实：美国人基本上停止生长了。虽然现在人们比140年前高了2英寸，特别是那些出生在已移民美国很多代的那些人，但是明显的，在二十世纪60年代早期，已经到达了他们的身高的极限。他们已经不可能再长得更高了。“在这个基因和环境的条件下，现在整体的人们已经长到我们能够达到的范围了，”Wright州大学的人类学家William Cameron Chumlea说道。拿NBA球员来说，他们身高的增加主要由于从世界各地招募到了球员。
身高的增长一般在20岁以后就停止了，而发育是需要能量和营养的，其中的蛋白质用来供给组织的生长。在20世纪初，营养不良和儿童疾病妨碍了整体的发育。但是当饮食和健康的促进，儿童和青少年平均每20年都增长了大概1.5英寸，这就是长高的趋势。根据疾病防治中心，从1960年开始，人们的平均身高，男性5英尺9英寸，女性5英尺4英寸，就没有怎么改变了。
总的说来，避免太高的身高是有很多优点的。在生产时，较大的婴儿通过产道是有更多的问题的。而且，就算人类已经直立行走已经几百万年了，我们的脚和背部继续对抗着巨大的压力，这些压力来源于双足直立的姿势和巨大的肢体。“有一些限制是个体器官的基因结构导致的。”西北大学的人类学家William Leonard说道。
基因的最大化可以改变，但是不要期待它会马上就能发生。Mass州的Natick的军队研究中心的高级人类学家Claire C. Gordon确信百分之九十的入伍新兵不需要更换新的制服和工作站。她说，不像那些篮球制服，军队的制服长度很长时间都没有改变了。如果你需要在不远的将来预测人类的身高而去设计一款新的设备，Gordon说基本上，“你都能够使用现在的数据并且觉得非常地自信。”
Text 3
In the early 1960s Wilt Chamberlain was one of only three players in the National Basketball Association (NBA) listed at over seven feet. If he had played last season, however, he would have been one of 42. The bodies playing major professional sports have changed dramatically over the years, and managers have been more than willing to adjust team uniforms to fit the growing numbers of bigger, longer frames.
The trend in sports, though, may be obscuring an unrecognized reality: Americans have generally stopped growing. Though typically about two inches taller now than 140 years ago, today’s people – especially those born to families who have lived in the U.S. for many generations – apparently reached their limit in the early 1960s. And they aren’t likely to get any taller. “In the general population today, at this genetic, environmental level, we’ve pretty much gone as far as we can go,” says anthropologist William Cameron Chumlea of Wright State University. In the case of NBA players, their increase in height appears to result from the increasingly common practice of recruiting players from all over the world.
Growth, which rarely continues beyond the age of 20, demands calories and nutrients – notably, protein – to feed expanding tissues. At the start of the 20th century, under-nutrition and childhood infections got in the way. But as diet and health improved, children and adolescents have, on average, increased in height by about an inch and a half every 20 years, a pattern known as the secular trend in height. Yet according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, average height – 5′9″ for men, 5′4″ for women – hasn’t really changed since 1960.
Genetically speaking, there are advantages to avoiding substantial height. During childbirth, larger babies have more difficulty passing through the birth canal. Moreover, even though humans have been upright for millions of years, our feet and back continue to struggle with bipedal posture and cannot easily withstand repeated strain imposed by oversize limbs. “There are some real constraints that are set by the genetic architecture of the indivial organism,” says anthropologist William Leonard of Northwestern University.
Genetic maximums can change, but don’t expect this to happen soon. Claire C. Gordon, senior anthropologist at the Army Research Center in Natick, Mass., ensures that 90 percent of the uniforms and workstations fit recruits without alteration. She says that, unlike those for basketball, the length of military uniforms has not changed for some time. And if you need to predict human height in the near future to design a piece of equipment, Gordon says that by and large, “you could use today’s data and feel fairly confident.”
⑨ 谁知道2010考研英语真题第一篇阅读
Text 1
Of all the changes that have taken place in English-language newspapers ring the past quarter-century, perhaps the most far-reaching has been the inexorable decline in the scope and seriousness of their arts coverage.(T1)
It is difficult to the point of impossibility for the average reader under the age of forty to imagine a time when high-quality arts criticism could be found in most bit-city newspapers. Yet a considerable number of the most significant collections of criticism published in the 20th century consisted in large part of newspaper reviews. To read such books today is to marvel at the fact that their learned contents were once deemed suitable for publication in general-circulation dailies.
We are even farther removed from the unfocused newspaper reviews published in England between the turn of the 20th century and the eve of World War 2,at a time when newsprint was dirt-cheap and stylish arts criticism was considered an ornament to the publications in which it appeared. In those far-off days, it was taken for granted that the critics of major papers would write in detail and at length about the events they covered. Theirs was a serious business. and even those reviews who wore their learning lightly, like George Bernard Shaw and Ernest Newman, could be trusted to know what they were a out. These men believed in journalism as a calling , and were proud to be published in the daily press. 'So few authors have brains enough or literary gift enough to keep their own end up in journalism,' Newman wrote, "that I am tempted to define "journalism" as "a term of contempt applied by writers who are not read to writers who are".'
Unfortunately, these critics are virtually forgotten. Neville Cars, who wrote for the Manchester Guardian from 1917 until shortly before his death in 1975, is now known solely as a writer of essays on the game of cricket. During his lifetime, though, he was also one of England's foremost classical-music critics, and a stylist so widely admired that his Autobiography (1947) became a best-seller. He was knighted in 1967,the first music critic to be so honored. Yet only one of his books is now in print, and his vast body of writings on music is unknown save to specialists.
Is there any chance that Cars's criticism will enjoy a revival? The prospect seems remote. Journalistic tastes had changed long before his death, and postmodern readers have little use for the richly uphostered Vicwardian prose in which he specialized. Moreover, the amateur tradition in music criticism has been in headlong retreat.
21. It is indicated in Paragraphs 1 and 2 that
A arts criticism has disappeared from big-city newspapers.
B English-language newspapers used to carry more arts reviews.
C high-quality newspapers retain a large body of readers.
D young readers doubt the suitability of criticism on dailies.
22. Newspaper reviews in England before World War 2 were characterized by
A free themes.
B casual style.
C elaborate layout.
D radical viewpoints.
23. Which of the following would shaw and Newman most probably agree on?
A It is writers' ty to fulfill journalistic goals.
B It is contemptible for writers to be journalists.
C Writers are likely to be tempted into journalism.
D Not all writers are capable of journalistic writing.
24. What can be learned about Cars according to the last two paragraphs?
A His music criticism may not appeal to readers today.
B His reputation as a music critic has long been in dispute.
C His style caters largely to modern specialists.
D His writings fail to follow the amateur tradition.
25. What would be the best title for the text?
A Newspapers of the Good Old Days
B The Lost Horizon in Newspapers
C Mournful Decline of Journalism
D Prominent Critics in Memory