大学英语阅读理解加翻译
英语阅读理解翻译加答案解析
阅读理解是英语各题型中的重中之中。备考考研英语阅读理解,关键是扩大英语阅读的练习，下面是我给大家准备的英语阅读理解真题的翻译加答案解析，欢迎大家阅读练习!
Talk to any parent of a student who took an adventurous gap year (a year between school and university when some students earn money, travel, etc.) and a misty look will come into their eyes. There are some disasters and even the most motivated, organised gap student does require family back-up, financial, emotional and physical. The parental mistiness is not just about the brilliant experience that has matured their offspring; it is vicarious living. We all wish pre?university gap years had been the fashion in our day. We can see how much tougher our kids become; how much more prepared to benefit from university or to decide positively that they are going to do something other than a degree.
Gap years are fashionable, as is reflected in the huge growth in the number of charities and private companies offering them. Pictures of Prince William toiling in Chile have helped, but the trend has been gathering steam for a decade. The range of gap packages starts with backpacking, includes working with charities, building hospitals and schools and, very commonly, working as a language assistant, teaching English. With this trend, however, comes a danger. Once parents feel that a well-structured year is essential to their would?be undergraates progress to a better university, a good degree, an impressive CV and well paid employment, as the gap companies blurbs suggest it might be, then parents will start organising—and paying for—the gaps.
Where there are disasters, according to Richard Oliver, director of the gap companies' umbrella organisation, the Year Out Group, it is usually because of poor planning. That can be the fault of the company or of the student, he says, but the best insurance is thoughtful preparation. “When people get it wrong, it is usually medical or, especially among girls, it is that they have not been away from home before or because expectation does not match reality.”
The point of a gap year is that it should be the time when the school leaver gets to do the thing that he or she fancies. Kids don't mature if mum and dad decide how they are going to mature. If the 18-year-old's way of maturing is to slob out on Hampstead Heath soaking up sunshine or spending a year working with fishermen in Cornwall, then thats what will be proctive for that person. The consensus, however, is that some structure is an advantage and that the prime mover needs to be the student.
The 18-year-old who was dispatched by his parents at two weeks'notice to Canada to learn to be a snowboarding instructor at a cost of ￡5,800, probably came back with little more than a hangover. The 18-year-old on the same package who worked for his fare and spent the rest of his year instructing in resorts from New Zealand to Switzerland, and came back to apply for university, is the positive counterbalance. [502 words]
16. It can be inferred from the first paragraph that parents of gap students may____.
[A] help children to be prepared for disasters
[B] receive all kinds of support from their children
[C] have rich experience in bringing up their offspring
[D] experience watching children grow up
17. According to the text, which of the following is true?
[A] The popularity of gap years results from an increasing number of charities.
[B] Prince William was working hard ring his gap year.
[C] Gap years are not as fashionable as they were ten years ago.
[D] A well-structured gap year is a guarantee of university success.
18. The word “packages” (Line 3, Para. 2) means________.
[A] parcels carried in traveling [B] a comprehensive set of activities
[C] something presented in a particular way [D] charity actions
19. What can cause the disasters of gap years?
[A] Intervention of parents. [B] Irresponsibility of the companies.
[C] A lack of insurance. [D] Low expectation.
20. An 18-year-old is believed to take a meaningful gap year when he/she.________
[A] lives up to his/her parents'expectations
[B] spends time being lazy and doing nothing
[C] learns skills by spending parents'money
[D] earns his or her living and gains working experience
>>>>>>答案解析<<<<<<
核心词汇
at two weeksnotice 提前两周通知;at short(a moments) notice随时，提前很短时间通知 例：We are ready to start at short notice.我们已准备好，接到通知就可以出发。
back?up n./ a. *① 支援(者)，支持(者) ② 备用品 例：a backup plan/system/pilot备用计划/备用系统/候补飞行员
back up ① 支持(某人)，证实(某说法) ② 备份，复制(磁盘) ③ 向后移动
counterbalance n./v. 平衡，抗衡;平衡抵消物; counter? 前缀，表示“相反的，相对的”如 counter?attack v. 回击，counterpart n. 地位、职务等相当的人，对等物
look up ① 抬头看 ② 尊敬，仰望 例：look up to sb. as ones teacher把某人尊为老师 *③ (形势等)好转 例：Things are looking up now.情况正在好转。 ④ (在字典、参考书等中)查寻 例：look up a word in a dictionary在字典中查一个词
package n. ① 包，盒，袋 *② a set of related things or services sold or offered together(必须整体接受的)一套，一揽子 例：a benefits package 一套福利措施 / an aid package 综合援助计划 / package deal 一揽子交易
pick up ① 拾起，拿起 例： pick up the phone拿起话筒 ② (偶然、无意地)获得(收益、知识、消息等) pick up a tip from my mother 从妈妈那学到一个窍门 ③ 接收(讯号)，收听(广播等)例：pick up the BBC World Service 接收英国广播公司国际广播节目 *④ (情况等)好转，改进 例：Trade is picking up nicely.生意很有起色。
structure n. ① 结构，构造，体系 *② a situation in which everything is carefully organized and planned组织性，条理性 例： Kids need some sort of structure to their day. 儿童的日常生活需要有点条理性。
vt. 构造;组织;安排 例：You need to structure your arguments more carefully.你需要更仔细地组织好自己的论据。/ well structured精心组织的，安排周密的
umbrella organization an organization that includes many smaller groups伞状机构、组织
超纲词汇
a gap year (中学和大学之间)学业间断的一年，间断年
backpack v.背包旅行 例：go backpacking n.背包
blurb n. ① (印在书籍封套上的)简介 *② 夸大的广告或介绍词
hangover n. 遗留的感觉(或风俗、习惯等)(常后跟介词from) 例：the insecure feeling that was a hangover from her childhood 她儿时留下的不安全感
slob n. 懒惰而邋遢的人 *vi. slob out/around游手好闲，无所事事
toil n.辛苦，劳累;苦活，难事 例：some books are a toil to read.有些书读起来真费劲。 v.苦干，辛苦从事(于……) 例：toil at/on ones task辛苦工作
vicarious a. ① 代理的，代表的;代理人的 例：vicarious authority代理的职权 *② (想象别人的苦乐等而)产生同感或共鸣的 例：He got a vicarious thrill out of watching his son score the winning goal.他看到儿子射入致胜一球时，也同样感到欣喜若狂。
语篇分析
本文题材涉及青少年教育。作者介绍了现在十分时兴的“学业间断年”现象，先分析它存在的问题，然后提出实现一个有意义的学业间断年的方法。这是一篇现象解释型文章，按照“提出现象—解释现象—提出建议”的脉络展开论述，可以分成三大部分。
第一段为第一部分，提出现象，引入话题。
以父母为切入点，间接提出一种现象：学业间断年。一方面，由于学业间断年存在着危机，家庭需要给予孩子各方面的支持。另一方面，父母从孩子身上感受到了一种新的生活方式(vicarious living)，他们看到孩子们①变得更坚强(become tougher);②为大学生活作了更充分的准备(more prepared to benefit from university);③打算做除了获得学历之外的事情(do something other than a degree)。
第二、三段为第二部分，解释现象，分析学业间断年现象的现状及存在的问题。
第二段：内容上分成了两个部分。第一部分指出学业间断年现在很流行，其表现是：组织团体和公司增多。其原因是：①威廉王子的宣传效应;②经过十年的发展声势逐渐强大。第二部分从with this trend, however... 开始，指出学业间断年的潜在问题之一：父母干预孩子的成长。其具体表现为：父母组织并资助间断年期间的活动(start organizing and paying for the gaps)。其原因是：受公司宣传的影响，以为这个阶段对孩子未来的学业和就业都非常重要。
第三段：延续第二段后面部分的内容，引用专家(Richard Oliver)的.观点，指出学业间断年存在的第二大问题：缺乏周密的计划(poor planning)。其表现是：健康问题、从未离开过家、期望与现实不符。解决方法：做好审慎的准备(thoughtful preparation)。
第四、五段为第三部分，提出建议，即让年轻人自己来组织和安排学业间断年。
第四段：首先提出要让学业间断年具有意义，就应该让年轻人独立地做自己喜欢做的事情(the school leaver gets to do the thing that he or she fancies)。接着从反面论证父母的安排不利于孩子真正成熟，该部分举了两个例子说明。最后再次重申，行动的安排者应该是学生自己。
第五段列举了两个例子，比较度过学业间断年的两种不同方式——由父母安排或者自己独立安排，从而支持了第四段的观点。
试题命制分析
针对上文的分析，我们可以命制以下几种题型，从而考查考生的多种阅读技能。
1. 事实细节题
(1) 针对第一段可以考查父母在学业间断年的收获，参见考试题16;也可以间接考查孩子们在学业间断年的收获，如：以下哪项是经历学业间断年的学生产生的变化?[A] 更成熟、更坚强;[B] 就业目的更明确;[C] 更轻松地完成大学学业;[D] 与父母之间关系更融洽。(答案：[A])
(2) 可以考查学业间断年一般从事的活动，如，以下哪项不是学业间断年做的事情?[A] 修建学校;[B] 远途旅行;[C] 教学工作;[D] 慈善捐款。(答案：[D])
(3) 针对第二段“学业间断年时兴的原因”和“父母主动安排学业间断年的原因”考查因果细节。另外，由于第二段涉及细节较多，也可以综合考查，参见试题17。
(4) 综合第二段和第三段，可以综合考查学业间断年出现的问题，参见试题19。
2. 推理引申题
(1) 根据第一段倒数第二句We all wish... ，可以考查推理家长们看待学业间断年的态度。如：[A] 积极支持;[B] 坚决反对;[C] 不明确;[D] 既不支持也不反对。(答案：[A])
(2) 针对第二段有关威廉王子的例子，可以考查推理作者的写作意图。
(3) 针对最后一段的两个例子，可以考查推理作者举例的目的，也可以考查推理作者认为实现有意义的学业间断年的方法。参见试题20。
3. 语言知识题。
(1) 考查第一段超纲词vicarious在上下文中的含义。
(2) 考查第二段packages一词的熟词僻义。参见试题18。
试题精解
16.从第一段可推知经历学业间断年的学生的父母可能——。
[A] 帮助孩子准备迎接灾难
[B] 从孩子那里得到各种支持
[C] 在抚养孩子方面有丰富的经验
[D] 经历了看着孩子成长的过程
[精解] 答案D本题考查推理引申。第一段论述了经历学业间断年的孩子的父母的感受，包括两个方面：一是由于这个时期的学生需要家庭从经济上、情感上和体力上给予帮助，因此父母可能有帮助孩子成熟起来的美好经历;二是父母间接的感受，即看着孩子们变得更坚强，自己做决定，从而成长。由此可知，[D]项是父母可能经历的。[A]项中出现了原文中的disaster，但含义不同。第一段第二句中disasters指的是“困难，危机”，是下文提到的“孩子需要家庭给予帮助”造成的。[B]项与第一段第二句含义相反。第三句提到，父母有帮助孩子成熟起来的美好经历，而非[C]项中的rich experience(经验丰富)。
17.根据文章，下面哪个说法正确?
[A] 学业间断年的普及是因为慈善机构数目的增长造成的。
[B] 威廉王子在他的学业间断年期间努力工作。
[C] 现在学业间断年不像十年前那样普及了。
[D] 一个精心安排的学业间断年是大学成功的保证。
[精解] 答案B本题考查事实细节。第二段首句提到，学业间断年现在很时兴，反映在提供它们的慈善团体和私人公司的数目呈巨额增长。[A]项错在将表现归为原因。第二句提到，威廉王子在智利吃苦的事情(对间断年的流行)发挥了作用。由此可推出[B]项正确。第三句提到，(间断年普及的)趋势十年来一直在加强。因此排除[C]项。第二段后半部分谈到“学业间断年的时兴”带来的隐患，即一些父母相信公司的介绍，认为精心安排的间断年对于孩子未来的求学、就业都很重要。因此[D]项是一些公司的宣传及部分家长的错误看法。
18.第二段第三行的单词packages的含义是——。
[A] 旅行中带的包裹
[B] 一套综合的活动
[C] 用特殊方式呈现出来的东西
[D] 慈善行动
[精解] 答案B本题考查词义。词义的确定依赖上下文。上文中gap一词多次出现，指“学业间断”，下文提到一系列活动，即背包旅行、和慈善团体一起工作、修建医院和学校、做语言助教教英语。因此gap packages指学业间断期间学生从事的多种活动。[D]项没有包括所有的活动，应选[B]项。
19.什么可能造成学业间断年出现问题?
[A] 父母的干预。 [B] 公司的不负责任。
[C] 没有保险。 [D] 期望过低。
[精解] 答案A第二段后半部分论述了随着学业间断年的普及而带来的一个隐患，即父母以为好的间断年可以决定孩子未来的的求学和就业，因此会主动安排孩子的间断年，甚至出钱。显然，这么做妨碍了孩子独立的成长。[A]项是造成问题的原因。第三段提到另外一个问题是计划不周，其表现有：健康问题(medical)、从未离开过家、期望与现实不符。[B]和[C]出现了原文中的词语company和insurance，但其含义与原文已有很大出入;文中只提到“期望与现实不符”，[D]中“过低”一词无从推知。
20.18岁的年轻人被认为度过了有意义的学业间断年，当他/她——。
[A] 达到父母的期望
[B] 无所事事
[C] 通过花父母的钱学会技能
[D] 自己谋生并获得工作经验
[精解] 答案D本题考查推理引申。第四段首句提到，学业间断年的意义在于它应该是离校生开始做自己喜欢做的事情的时候。第四段后面部分进一步进行阐述。由父母来决定孩子怎样成熟，并不能使孩子真正成熟。无所事事的行为也没有收获。行动的安排者应是学生自己。第五段举了两个截然不同的例子，前者遵照父母的安排，后者自食其力。因此，[D]项符合题意。
全文翻译
与度过了充满刺激的学业间断年的孩子的父母交谈，他们的眼神中会有一种含糊不清的东西。这一年中有一些危机，即使是目的明确、很有条理的学生，在间断年期间也需要家庭从经济上、情感上和体力上给予帮助。父母眼中的含糊不仅仅是因为让他们的孩子成熟起来的美好经历，也是因为他们自己间接感受到的生活方式。我们多希望大学前的间断年在我们那个时代就已经很时兴了。现在，我们能看着孩子们变得更坚强，更好地准备从上大学中有所收获或者积极地决定他们将做一些除了获得学历之外的事情。
学业间断年现在很时兴，这反映在提供它们的慈善团体和私人公司的数目呈巨额增长上。威廉王子在智利吃苦的照片发挥了作用，但这种趋势十年来一直在加强。学业间断年期间的一整套活动从背包旅行开始，包括和慈善团体一起工作，修建医院和学校，以及常见的做语言助教教英语。然而，随着这种趋势而来的也有危险。一旦父母相信那些学业间断年公司介绍的内容，认为精心安排的一个间断年对于想成为本科生的孩子进入更好的大学、获得高学历、得到令人印象深刻的简历和待遇良好的工作是至关重要的，那么他们就会开始组织并资助间断年期间的活动。
按照学业间断年公司综合机构“走出学业间断年团体”的负责人理查德•奥利弗埃的观点，出现问题往往是因为计划不周。他说，“这可能是公司或学生的责任，但是最保险的方法是作好审慎的准备。当人们把它搞砸时，往往是因为健康问题，尤其是女孩，因为她们从未离开过家，或者期望与现实不符”。
学业间断年的意义在于它应该是离校生开始做自己喜欢做的事情的时候。如果由父母来决定孩子怎样成熟，那么他们不会真地变成熟。如果18岁时变成熟的方式是在伦敦汉普斯泰德石南园中无所事事地晒太阳，或者花上一年时间和康沃尔郡的渔夫一起工作，那么对于后者来说将是有所收获的。然而，多数人还是认为进行某种安排是有利的，而且行动的安排者应是学生自己。
如果18岁的年轻人两周前得到父母的通知，被送去加拿大花5,800英镑学习成为一名滑雪教练，回来后可能只会留下很少的感觉。同样的18岁的年轻人，先通过工作赚钱，再用一年中剩下的时间在从新西兰到瑞士的多个避暑胜地执教，回来后申请大学，这样的经历则是完全不同的积极的做法。
;B. 现代大学英语阅读2课文翻译
Tell you about a failure when I was a teacher. It was January 1940, shortly after I graated from graate school, I began my first semester of teaching at Kansas City University. A tall, thin, hairy beancurd like student walked into my classroom, sat down, put his arms across his chest, looked at me as if he was saying, "OK, teach me something."
给你们讲讲我刚当老师时候的一次失败经历吧。那是1940年的1月，我从研究生院毕业不久，在堪萨斯城大学开始第一学期的教学工作。一个瘦高，长得就像顶.上有毛的豆角架-样的男学生走进我的课堂，坐下，双臂交叉放在胸前，看着我，好像在说:好吧，教我一些东西。”
Two weeks later, we began to learn Hamlet. Three weeks later, he walked into my office with his hands on his hips. "Look," he said, "I'm here to study as a pharmacist. Why do I have to read this? "Because he didn't take his own book with him, he pointed to my book on the table.
两周后我们开始学习《哈姆雷特》。三周后他双手叉腰走进我的办公室，“看， ”他说，“ 我来这是学习当药剂师的。我为什么必须读这个?”由于没有随身带着自己的书，他就指着桌子上放着的我的那本。
Although I'm a new teacher, I could have told this guy a lot. I could have pointed out that he was admitted not to a pharmaceutical technician training school but to a university, and that he should have graated with a Bachelor of Science degree rather than a "qualified Grinder".
虽然我是位新老师，我本来可以告诉这个家伙许多事情的。我本来可以指出，他考入的不是制药技工培训学校而是大学，而且他在毕业时，应该得到一张写有理学学士而不是“合格的磨药工”的学位证书。
This certificate will prove that he majored in pharmaceutics, but it can further prove that he has been exposed to some ideas in the history of human development. In other words, he went to a university instead of a skill training school, where students need both training and ecation.
这证书会证明他专修过药剂学，但它还能进一-步证明他曾经接触过一些人类发展史上产生的思想。换句话说，他上的不是技能培训学校而是大学，在大学里学生既要得到培训又要接受教育。
I could have told him all this, but it's clear that he won't stay for a long time and it's useless to say it. But since I was young and responsible at the time, I tried to put it this way: "for the rest of your life," I said, "on average about 24 hours a day.
我本来可以把这些话都告诉他，但是很明显，他不会待很长时间，说了也没用。但是，由于我当时很年轻而且责任感也很强，我尽量把我的意思这样表达出来:“在你的余生中,”我说，“平均每天24小时左右。
When you are in love, you will think it is a little short. When you are lovelorn, you will think it is a little long. But on average, it stays the same 24 hours a day. For the remaining eight hours or so, you will be asleep.
谈恋爱时，你会觉得它有点短，失恋时，你会觉得它有点长。但平均每天24小时会保持不变。在其余的大约8个小时的时间里，你会处于睡眠状态。
(2)大学英语阅读理解加翻译扩展阅读
这部分内容主要介绍的是宾语补足语的知识点：
在英语中有些及物动词，接了宾语意义仍不完整，还需要有一个其他的句子成分，来补充说明宾语的意义、状态等，简称宾补。宾语和它的补足语构成复合宾语。而复合宾语的第一部分通常由名词或代词充当，第二部分表示第一部分的名词或代词发出的动作或身份、特征等，称为宾语补足语，简称宾补。
句子中的the desk是宾语。一般来说，一个句子由“主谓宾”结构组成——也即是说，上面这个句子如果是I'm going to paint the desk. 也是完全正确的。（我 主语） （涂色 谓语） （桌子 宾语）主谓宾结构最简单的例子，就是“我爱你”。一个句子只要像“我爱你”这句话一样有主谓宾就是正确的。
那为什么the desk后面还要加一个pink呢？因为我想补充说明我想把桌子涂成什么样的。我将要做的不只是要涂桌子，而是把桌子涂成粉红色。“pink” 是句子中的宾语补足语，pink阐述了the desk的状态，让句子意思更加完整。
“pink”是形容词做宾语补足语。能够充当宾补的还有：不定式，现在分词，过去分词，副词，介宾短语。一般情况下，宾补通常紧跟在宾语之后。
C. 大学英语精读第二册翻译题答案
大学英语精读第二册翻译题答案
引导语：下文内容是大学英语精读第三版(上海外语教育出版社 董亚芬主编)第二册Book2Unit1~Unit10 翻译答案，希望能够帮助到您，谢谢您的阅读。
Book2 Unit1 翻译
1.她砰地关上门，一声不吭地走了，他们之间那场争执就此结束。
Their argument ended when she slammed the door and left without a word.
2. 出席晚宴的客人对那个美国人威严的语气感到有点意外。
The guests at the dinner party were slightly surprised at the commanding tone of the American.
3. 约翰尼已长大成熟，不再害怕独自呆在家里了。
Johnny has outgrown the fear of staying at home alone.
4. 当全部乘客都向出口处 (exit) 走去时，他却独自留在座位上，好像不愿意离开这架飞机似的。
While all the other passengers made for the exit, he alone remained in his seat as if unwilling to leave the plane.
5. 这封信必须交给威尔逊博士本人。
The letter is to be handed to Dr. Wilson himself.
6. 南希虽然很想参加辩论，但腼腆得不敢开口。
While she felt like joining in the argument, Nancy was too shy to open her mouth.
7. 你觉得什么时候最有可能在家里找到他?
What do you think is the likeliest time to find him at home?
8. 猎人一看见有只狐狸从树丛中出现并向他设下 (lay) 的陷阱 (trap) 方向跑去，脸上顿时闪出了兴奋的表情。
The hunter’s face lit up with excitement as soon as he saw a fox emerge from among the bushes and run in the direction of / make for the trap he had laid.
Book2 Unit2 翻译
1) 会上有人建议任命一个十一人委员会来制定新章程。
It was suggested at the meeting that a committee of eleven be appointed to make a new constitution.
2) 这些青年科学家通过现场观察，获得了研究工作所需的第一手资料。
By making on-the-spot observations, the young scientists obtained first-hand information they needed in their research work.
3) 他很可能会因视力不好而被拒收入伍。
It is very likely that he will be rejected by the army because of his bad eyesight.
4) 委员会成员在新机场最佳选址 (location) 这一问题上持有不同意见。
The committee members have conflicting opinions as to the best location of the new airport.
5) 亨利创作的艺术品在许多方面比他兄弟的要好。
Henrys works of art are superior in many respects to those of his brothers.
6) 我们产品质量的稳步提高在很大程度上是由于设备有所改进。
The steady rise in the quality of our procts owes much to the improvement of our equipment.
7) 吉姆本想按照自己的判断行事，但他没有这样做，因为作为军人他得服从命令。
Jim would have preferred to act on his own judgment, but he didnt because as a soldier he had to obey the order.
8) 如果让我来决定我们是要一个没有自行车的城市呢，还是要一个没有汽车的城市，我会毫不犹豫地选择后者。
Were it left to me to decide whether we should have a city without bikes or one without cars, I should not hesitate a moment to prefer the latter.
Book2 Unit3 翻译
1. She got a post as a cashier at a local bank. But she was soon fired because she proved to be incompetent.
她在当地一家银行找到一份出纳员的工作，但不久因不称职而被解雇了。
2. It is obviously/clearly his young assistant who is running the book store.
很明显是他的年轻助手在经营这家书店。
3. No sooner had the proposal been announced at the meeting than she got to her feet to protest.
这项建议在会上一宣布，她就站起来提出异议。
4. Bill has applied to Harvard University for a teaching assistantship, but his chances of getting it are slim.
比尔已向哈佛大学申请助教职位，但他得到它的可能性很小。
5. Being short of funds, they are trying to attract foreign capital.
由于缺乏资金，他们正在想办法吸引外资。
6. The room smells of stale air. It must have been vacant for a long time.
这个房间有股霉味，一定是好久没人住了。
7. As far as hobbies are concerned, Jane and her sister have little in common.
就业余爱好而言，珍妮和她妹妹几乎没有什么共同之处。
8. It is self-evident that the ecation of the young is vital to the future of a country.
不言而喻，青年人的教育对于一个国家的未来是至关重要的。
Book2 Unit4 翻译
1) 那小女孩跑得太快，身体一下失去平衡，跌倒了。
The little girl ran so fast that she was thrown off balance and fell over / down.
2) 他致力于研究工作的精神 (devotion to research) 给我留下了很深印象，但我对他那些深奥的理论丝毫不感兴趣。
I was impressed by his devotion to research but I did not have the slightest interest in his profound theories.
3) 千万别说可能会被人误解的话。
Be sure not to say anything capable of being misunderstood.
D. 高考英语阅读理解及原文翻译
Soldiers
Soldiers and other military people wear uniforms with various other symbols to indicate their status.But in the business world everyone wears more or less similar suits，and you cannot tell at a glance who ranks higher or lower than another.So how do people in the business world show their superiority? An attempt to study this was made by two researchers using a series of silent films.They had two actors play the parts of an executive(经理)and a visitor，and switch roles each time.The scene had one man at his desk playing the part of an executive，while the other，playing the part of a visitor，knocks at the door，opens it and approaches the desk to discuss some business matter.
The audience watching the films was asked to rate the executive and the visitor in terms of status.A certain set of rules about status began to emerge from the ratings.The visitor showed the least amount of status when he stopped just inside the door to talk across the room to the seated man.He was considered to have more status when he walked halfway up to the desk，and he had the most status when he walked directly up to the desk and stood right in front Of the seated executive.
Another thing that affected the status of the visitor in the eyes of the observers was the time between knocking and entering.For the seated executive，his status was also affected by the time between hearing the knock and answering.The quicker the visitor entered the room，the more status he had.The longer the executive took to answer，the more status he had.
41.The experiment designed by the two researchers aimed at finding out _____
A.how business is concted by all executive and a visitor
B how to tell the differences between an executive and a visitor
C.how to tell businessmen at a glance
D.how businessmen indicate status
42 Which of the statements can best sum up the passage?
A.The executive has a higher status than the visitor.
B.Military people wear uniforms but the businessmen do not
C，A study revealing a set of rules about the status of businessmen.
D It is a good method to use a series of silent film in research.
43 Having entered the room，the closer the visitor approaches the executive, ___
A.the less it affected his status
B.the lower his status
C.the more it affected his status
D.the higher his status
44.The longer the seated man was in answering the knock，_____
A.the higher his status
B.the less it affected his status
C.the lower his status
D the more it affected his status
45.Which statement is NOT true?
A Soldiers wear uniforms with various symbols so that one call tell their status at a glance.
B.In the experiment.one actor played the executive while the other played the seated man
C.Business people wear similar suits.
D The audience watching the film rated the executive and the visitor in terms of status.
答案：DCDAB
士兵和其他军队中的人都要穿制服，并且衣服上有各种各样的标志来表明他们的身份地位。但是在商业的世界中，几乎每个人都穿的差不多一样的衣服。乍看之下，很难分出身份地位的高低。那么，在商界，人们如果表明自己高人一等呢?
2个研究者通过一系列的默剧对此进行尝试和研究。剧中只有2个演员，分饰经理和拜访者的角色，每次两人都要交换角色。剧中演的是经理坐在办公桌旁边办公，来访者敲门，推开门，往办公桌走去，和经理讨论业务上的事情。
观看的观众被要求说出经理和拜访者的地位孰高孰低。从观众的意见总结出一套地位的归路。当拜访者站在刚进门的'地方，远远的穿过整个房间和经理说话，表明来访者的地位最低。当拜访者站在门和桌子的中间时，地位较高;当他径直走到桌子旁边站在经理前面时，地位最高。
在观众眼中，另一个影响拜访者地位的事情是他敲门和进房间之间的时间间隔。对于坐在那里的经理来说，他的地位受听到敲门和应答的时间间隔的影响。拜访者越早的进入房间，他的地位就越高。
经理越迟应答敲门声，他的地位越高。
profession
Acting is such an over-crowded profession that the only advice that should be given to a young person thinking of going on the stage is“Dont!”.But it is useless to try to discourage someone who feels that he must act，although the chances of his becoming famous are slim. The normal way to begin is to go to a drama sch001.Usually only students who show promise and talent are accepted，and the course lasts two years.Then the young actor or actress takes up work with a theatrical company(剧团)，usually as an assistant stage manager This means doing everything that there is to do in the theatre and occasionally acting in very small parts It is very hard work indeed，the hours are long and the salary is tiny.
Of course，some people have remarkable chances which lead to fame and Success without this long and hard training.Connie Pratt，for example，was just an ordinary girl working in a bicycle factory.A film procer happened to catch sight of her one morning waiting at a bus stop，as he drove past in his car.He stopped and got out to speak to the girl.He asked if she would like to go to the film studio to do a test，and she thought he was joking Then she got angry and said she would call the police It took the procer twenty minutes to convince Connie that he was serious The test was successful.And within a few weeks she was playing the leading part opposite one of the most famous actors of the day But chances like this happen once in a blue moon
36 From the very beginning，the author puts it clearly that acting is a profession __A____
A sought after by too many
B.too difficult for young people
C.for slim people only
D.one can go into without special training
37.For someone who feels he must act，it is very likely that _D____
A.he will become a film star at long last
B he will become a stage manager
C he will be well paid
D.he will end up without any Success
38.The film procer found Connie Pratt one morning when she was __D__
A.at work in a bicycle factory
B.driving past him in her car
C.going to a film studio
D.waiting for a bus
39.A few weeks after the test.Connie Pratt found herself __B____
A the most famous actress of the world
B.playing the leading female role in a play
C.as famous as the greatest actor of the world
D.no less famous than the leading actor of the day
40 The concluding sentence “chances like this happen once in a blue moon” means D
A this is something which happens once in a while
B.this is a highly profitable chance
C.this is something highly possible
D this is a very rare chance
答案：ADDBD
演艺界是一个人口密度过高的职业。对于想登上舞台的年轻人的唯一建议就是不要进入。但是想劝阻那些明知成功的机会很渺茫却执意要做演员的人，这种说教是无用的。要做演员通常办法就是去戏剧学院进修。通常这里只接受有前途和有天赋的学生，课程要花2年的时间。之后，年轻的女艺人或者男艺人以舞台助理的身份，参与到剧团的工作。这意味着要做和舞台相关的所有事务和偶尔的跑龙套。这确实是很辛苦的工作，工作时间长，薪水又少的可怜。
当然，有些人没有经过长期辛苦训练，而是是通过不寻常的机会就获得了声望和成功。例如说，Connie Pratt原本是自行车厂的一个普通女工。某个早晨她在公车站等车的时候被一个开车路过的电影制作人看中了。制作人停车出来和她交谈，问她是否愿意来摄影棚试镜。Connie认为他只是在开玩笑罢了。最后她生气了，还威胁说要叫警察。最后制作人花了20分钟的时间让Connie相信他是认真的。试镜很成功。几个星期之后，她就作为女主角和当时很有名的一个男演员在一部戏中演对手戏了。但是，类似这样的机会少之又少啊。
E. 大学英语阅读翻译求教
句子主干是But one of the most effective ways is to ensure that your own dreams don't get pushed aside（最有效来的途径之一是确自保你自己的梦想不被搁置一边），to help your children learn to dream big（帮助你的孩子学习树立远大理想）作定语修饰ways, by everyday demands为副词短语作状语修饰get pushed aside.
整句译文：但帮助你的孩子学着树立远大理想的最有效途径之一，是确保你自己的梦想不因为日常生活被搁置一边。
F. 有谁能够提供现代大学英语阅读3的翻译
字号：大 中 小 Unit7 ○1我们的校运动会将在下星期六举行 Our school’s sports meet is e next Saturday。 2由于不断有水灾和旱灾，那个地区的农业一直很不稳定 Due to repeated floods and droughts, the farming in that area has been unstable. 3她突然发现他们的房租第二天就到期了 She suddenly found that their rent would be e the next day. 4最后他们经过核实，发现那个朝正北方飞的东西是天鹅 Finally，they identified the objet flying e north as swans. 5很多人认为经过一定时间后，中国的农民就能在国际市场上成功地和别人竞争 Many people believe that in e course Chinese farmers will compete with others in international market successfully. 6请原谅我的冒昧，我并不认为我们应该采取等着瞧的政策 With e respect, I don’t believe that we should adopt a wait and see policy. 7根据该协议，两个国家应该互相通报重大的军事行动 According to the agreement, the two countries should inform each other of major military actions. 8因为在他得到潜艇已经沉没的通知时没有立即采取措施，他为此受到批评 He was criticized for not taking immediate actions after he was informed of the sinking of the submarine. 9诸葛亮虽然一直住在小草房里，但他的消息非常灵通 Although he had lived in a small hut, Zhu Geliang was well informed. 10在文革的时候，人们不但被鼓励，而且被强迫互相告发 During the Culture Revolution, people were not only encouraged but also forced to inform on each other. 11在那时候，学者们强烈地劝我们保护城墙。但我们没有足够的远见去采纳他们的建议 At that time, scholars strongly advised us to protect the city walls, but we were not far-sighted enough to adopt their suggestions. 12瞧他爱妈妈的样子，你永远猜不到他是领养的 To see how he loved his mother, you could never guess he was adopted. 13这本古典小说描写了宋朝一批人，他们像罗宾汉一样劫富济贫 This classical novel depicts a group of people in the Song Dynasty, who robbed the rich to help the poor like Robin hood. 14他们抢走了她的所有东西，然后把她从车里扔了出去 They robbed her of everything and then threw her out of the car. 15永远不要伸手拿不属于你的东西，不然，你迟早会被抓住 Never reach out for things that don’t belong to you, otherwise, you’ll be caught sooner or later. 16我的目标是建立一个富裕，自由和公正的社会。但是我们不付出痛苦的代价是达不到这个目的的 Our goal is to build a rich, free and just society. But without pain and suffering, we will not realize it. 17我做了一个可怕的梦。我梦见我在拼命追一个我想要的东西，但总是够不着 I had a terrible dream in which I ran after something I wanted, but it was always beyond my reach. 18那时候曹操相信最后胜利已唾手可得，他不知道一场惨败正等着他 CaoCao believed that final victory was within his easy reach, but he didn’t know that a terrible defeat was waiting for him.
G. 新世纪大学英语阅读教程第四册第五单元beyond babies和第六单元 翻译
Unit5 Beyond Babies
不要孩子
By Stefan Theil
在雅典市中心繁华的柯诺那基广场的时尚的初音岛咖啡店里，三十多岁或四十出头的希腊语专业人员沉浸在冰卡布奇诺咖啡里，过奢侈的生活。
他们最喜欢谈论的话题是，当然，关系：男子不愿承诺，女性的独立，何时有孩子，或者说，逐渐是否有他们所有。“随着时间的推移，我有一个孩子的机会越来越小，37岁的行政助理美联社新闻社说。“但我不会只是因为要一个孩子而嫁给任何人。”
Unite5助记原文
Mandela was agenerous,easy-goingandwarm-heartedperson. He was nevermeanwith his time.
He was a blacklawyer, who offeredguidanceto poor black people on theirlegalproblems.
The time when Elias, who was a poor black worker, first metNelson Mandelawas a very difficult period of his life.
助记译文
曼德拉是一位慷慨、随和又有爱心的人。他从不吝啬自己的时间。他还是一位黑人律师，经常给贫穷的黑人提供一些法律问题上的指导。当伊莱亚斯，一位贫穷的黑人工人，第一位见到曼德拉的时候正是他生活中一段十分艰难的时期。
H. 大学英语阅读28 out of the silence课翻译
As for silence, the most famous saying is this: do not die in silence, break out in silence. Lu Xun said that about 80 years ago. Silence refers to being speechless, not having nothing to say, but not wanting to say, not daring to say, not being able to say, disdaining to say, or - ignoring to say.
关于沉默，最有名的话是这样说的：不在沉默中死亡，就在沉默中爆发。这句话是鲁迅先生说的，说在大约八十年前。沉默指的是无言，不是没有话要说，而是不想说、不敢说、不能说、不屑于说，或者是——顾不上说。
In the era of national affairs, Japan and Africa, when the fate of the nation is like floating Ping in the rain, people can only sink together with this land if they choose silence. On the contrary, breaking the silence to fight, may create a bright road. Silence or not, has become a sign of compromise and resistance, numbness and awakening.
在国事日非，民族命运如雨中飘萍的年代，选择沉默，民众似乎只能与这片土地一起沉沦；而相反，打破沉默去抗争，则或许还能开创出一条光明的路。沉默与否，成了妥协与反抗、麻木与觉醒的标志。
In the later historical sky, through the baptism of blood and fire, those who broke the silence led China out of the plight of internal and external troubles, opened up a new world, and gave the most powerful footnotes to this sentence.
在后来的历史的天空下，经历了血与火的洗礼，打破沉默者引领中国走出了内忧外患的苦境，开辟了一片新的天地，给出了这句话最有力的注脚。
There are still many people who are silent. They struggle for survival in their narrow space. They choose to keep silent because they are unable to resist. They lose their voice because they are regarded as the dignity of others. Or, as Mr. Lu Xun said, they are willing to be numb and go to destruction in ignorance. Are they really nothing?
沉默着的也仍然不乏其人，他们在个人狭小的空间里为了生存默默挣扎，他们因为无力反抗而选择缄口，他们为了自己被别人视为草芥的尊严而失声，或者，如同鲁迅先生所言，他们自甘于麻木，自甘于在无知无识中走向毁灭。他们真的是一片虚无吗？
The logic of dichotomy is just like that of shallot mixed with tofu. It's either green or white. It's either or. Because it's right or wrong, it's really simple and powerful when it agitates the confused to make choices. But it really hides a lot of things.
二分法的逻辑正如小葱拌豆腐的逻辑，非青即白，非此即彼，由于是非分明，所以在鼓动惶惑者作出选择时，确实是简洁有力的；可是它却真的掩藏掉了很多东西。
The topic of history is always heavy. In the personal world, choosing silence can sometimes be an honorable act. You love a person, but you can't go into her life any more. In such a time, although it's hard, choosing silence is really a manifestation of having a realm.
历史的话题总是沉重的。在个人的世界里，选择沉默有时候会是一种令人起敬的举动。你爱一个人，却不能再走入她的生活，这样的时候，虽然艰难，选择沉默却确实是有境界的一种表现。
In the night when the wind is clear and the moon is white, under the shadow of the trees, I look at the bright lights from far and near, with the fragrance of flowers and the wind blowing on my face. In such a situation, I stand in silence and want to be him for thousands of years.
风清月白的夜里，婆娑的树荫下面，看着远近次第明灭的灯火，有花香盈鼻，有清风拂面，这样的情景里，我默然而立，且去做他个万年之想把。
(8)大学英语阅读理解加翻译扩展阅读
这部分内容主要考察的是复合句的知识点：
复合句分为并列复合句compound sentence（也称并列句）和主从或从属复合句complex sentence（也称复杂句），并列复合句compound sentence是有并列连词：and、or、but连接；从属复合句complex sentence由一个主句（Principal Clause)和一个或一个以上的从句(Subordinate Clause)构成。
用疑问词作引导词，主句是全句的主体，通常可以独立存在；从句则是一个句子成分，不能独立存在。从句不能单独成句，但它也有主语部分和谓语部分，就像一个句子一样。所不同在于，从句须由一个关联词（conjunction）引导。 根据引导从句功能不同，大致可分为：主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、定语从句、状语从句等。
当在which和that面前进行选择的情况下，一般情况下要选which：在非限制性定语从句中通常用which作引导词，而不能用that做非限制性定语从句的引导词。修饰整个主句。