初中英语单数变复数怎么写
Ⅰ 初中英语名词复数
可数名词有单数(Singular Form)和复数(Plural Form)两种形式。表示一个人或物用单数形式,表示一个以上的人或物用复数形式。
1.一般在词尾加-s。s在浊辅音后面读[z],在清辅音后面读[s],在[t]后与[t]一起读[ts]在[d]后与[d]一起读[dz]。例如:
book — books 书 day — days 天、日
dog — dogs 狗 tree — trees 树
2.以s,sh,ch,x结尾的词在词尾加-es,读[iz].例如:
glass — glasses 玻璃杯 watch — watches 手表
box — boxes 盒子 brush — brushes 刷子
3.以o结尾的词有些加-es,读[z];有些加-s,读[s]。例如:
tomato — tomatoes 西红柿 potato — potatoes 土豆
photo — photos 相片 radio — radios 收音机
zoo — zoos 动物园
4.以f 或fe 结尾的词,先把f 改为v,再加–es,读[vz]。例如:
knife — knives 小刀 leaf — leaves 树叶
life — lives 生命 thief — thieves 小偷
5.以辅音字母加y 结尾的,先把y 改为i,再加-es,读[z]。例如:
story — stories 故事 city — cities 城市
family — families 家庭 baby — babies 婴儿
注意:boy — boys 男孩 toy — toys 玩具 key — keys 钥匙
6.有些名词有不规则的复数形式。例如:
man — men 男人 woman — women 妇女
tooth — teeth 牙齿 foot — feet 脚
7.有些名词的单复数形式相同。例如;
deer — deer 鹿 sheep — sheep绵羊
Chinese — Chinese 中国人 Japanese — Japanese 日本人
8.有些学科名词虽以s 结尾,但通常都做单数名词看待。例如:
physics 物理 maths 数学 politics 政治 news 新闻
9.有些单数形式的名词具有复数的含义,要当作复数看待。例如:
people 人们,人民 police 警察 public 公众
Ⅱ 初中英语谓语动词用单数还是复数相关语法
你这样的表述是错的,能表示一类人只有the+形容词(谓语用复数)还有the+集体名词(谓语用复数),trainer不是集体名词,而是可数的,想表示一类人,只需要用trainers即可(没有the!)
Ⅲ 初中英语单词之间的转化有什么口诀么
一.冠词基本用法
【速记口诀】
名词是秃子,常要戴帽子,
可数名词单,须用a或an,
辅音前用a, an在元音前,
若为特指时,则须用定冠,
复数不可数,泛指the不见,
碰到代词时,冠词均不现。
【妙语诠释】
冠词是必考的语法知识之一,也是考查的主要对象。以上口诀包括的意思有:
①名词在一般情况下不单用,常常要和冠词连用;
②表示不确指的可数名词单数前要用不定冠词a或an,确指时要用定冠词the;
③如复数名词表示泛指,名词前有this,these,my,some等时就不用冠词。
二.名词单数变复数法则
【速记口诀】
单数变复数,规则要记住,
一般加s,特殊有几处:
【妙语诠释】
①大部分单数可数名词变为复数要加s,也就是单词如果以ch,sh,s,x等结尾),则一般加es;
②以o结尾的单词除了两人(negro,hero)两菜(tomato,potato)加es外,其余一般加s;
③以f或fe结尾的单词一般是把f,fe变为ve再加s;
④英语中还有些单词没有规则,需要特殊记忆,如child—children,mouse—mice,deer—deer,sheep—sheep,Chinese—Chinese,ox—oxen,man—men,woman—women,foot—feet,tooth—teeth。
三.名词所有格用法
【速记口诀】
名词所有格,表物是“谁的”,
若为生命词,加“’s”即可行,
词尾有s,仅把逗号择;
并列名词后,各自和共有,
前者分别加,后者最后加;
若为无生命词,of所有格,
前后须倒置,此是硬规则。
【妙语诠释】
①有生命的名词所有格一般加s,但如果名词以s结尾,则只加“’”;
②并列名词所有格表示各自所有时,分别加“’s”,如果是共有,则只在最后名词加“’s”;
③如果是无生命的名词则用of表示所有格,这里需要注意它们的顺序与汉语不同,A of B要翻译为B的A。
英语拼读规则口诀_查看更多商家
四.接不定式作宾语的动词
【速记口诀】
三个希望两答应,两个要求莫拒绝;
设法学会做决定,不要假装在选择。
Ⅳ 初中英语
(一)、及物动词与不及物动词
英语中按动词后可否直接跟宾语,可把动词分成及物动词与和及物动词。
1.及物动词: 字典里词后标有vt. 的就是及物动词。及物动词后必须跟有动作的对象(即宾语),可直接跟宾语。see 看见 (vt.) +宾语 I can see a boy.
2.不及物动词:字典里词后标有vi. 的就是不及物动词。不及物动词后不能直接跟有动作的对象(即宾语)。若要跟宾语,必须先在其后添加上某个介词,如to,of ,at后方可跟上宾语。
具体每个动词后究竟加什么介词就得背动词短语了,如listen to,look at…..
3. 宾语(动作的对象):是名词或代词,或相当于名词的词或短语(如动名词)。其它词不看作动作的对象呢。
4.举例:“看”
(1)see 看见 (vt.) +宾语 I can see a boy.
(2)look 看 (vi.) x宾语(即不能直接加宾语). Look! She is singing.
Look carefully! (注意:carefully 是副词,不是名词,故不作宾语哟)
(3)look at 看…….+宾语 Look at me carefully! (me是代词,作宾语了)
(二)、什么是反意疑问句
前面是肯定,后面就否定
前面是否定,后面就肯定
eg:
1.It is a find day,isn't it?
2.It isn't a find day,is it?
前面是肯定,后面就否定
前面是否定,后面就肯定
eg:
1.It is a find day,isn't it?
2.It isn't a find day,is it?
(三)初中英语八种时态归纳复习
l 时态是英语学习中一个至关重要的内容,广大初中学生在实际运用时,往往对时态总是倍感棘手,下面我们就归纳复习一下这几种时态。
一、 一般现在时:
l 概念:经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。
l 时间状语:
always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week, on Sundays,
l 基本结构:①be动词;②行为动词
l 否定形式:①am/is/are+not;②此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词,则在其前加don't,如主语为第三人称单数,则用doesn't,同时还原行为动词。
l 一般疑问句:①把be动词放于句首;②用助动词do提问,如主语为第三人称单数,则用does,同时,还原行为动词。
二、 一般过去时:
l 概念:过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态;过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。
l 时间状语:ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week(year, night, month…), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc.
l 基本结构:①be动词;②行为动词
l 否定形式:①was/were+not;②在行为动词前加didn't,同时还原行为动词。
l 一般疑问句:①was或were放于句首;②用助动词do的过去式did 提问,同时还原行为动词。
三、 现在进行时:
l 概念:表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。
l 时间状语:now, at this time, these days, etc.
l 基本结构:am/is/are+doing
l 否定形式:am/is/are+not+doing.
l 一般疑问句:把be动词放于句首。
四、 过去进行时:
l 概念:表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。
l 时间状语:at this time yesterday, at that time或以when引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等。
l 基本结构:was/were+doing
l 否定形式:was/were + not + doing.
l 一般疑问句:把was或were放于句首。
五、 现在完成时:
l 概念:过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,或从过去已经开始,持续到现在的动作或状态。
l 时间状语:recently, lately, since…for…,in the past few years, etc.
l 基本结构:have/has + done
l 否定形式:have/has + not +d one.
l 一般疑问句:have或has。
六、 过去完成时:
l 概念:以过去某个时间为标准,在此以前发生的动作或行为,或在过去某动作之前完成的行为,即“过去的过去”。
l 时间状语:before, by the end of last year(term, month…),etc.
l 基本结构:had + done.
l 否定形式:had + not + done.
l 一般疑问句:had放于句首。
七、 一般将来时:
l 概念:表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。
l 时间状语:tomorrow, next day(week, month, year…),soon, in a few minutes, by…,the day after tomorrow, etc.
l 基本结构:①am/is/are/going to + do;②will/shall + do.
l 否定形式:①was/were + not; ②在行为动词前加didn't,同时还原行为动词。
l 一般疑问句:①be放于句首;②will/shall提到句首。
八、 过去将来时:
l 概念:立足于过去某一时刻,从过去看将来,常用于宾语从句中。
l 时间状语:the next day(morning, year…),the following month(week…),etc.
l 基本结构:①was/were/going to + do;②would/should + do.
l 否定形式:①was/were/not + going to + do;②would/should + not + do.
l 一般疑问句:①was或were放于句首;②would/should 提到句首。
l Ⅱ. 几种常见时态的相互转换
l 英语中的几种时态在一定情况下可以互相转换,以下是几种常见的转换形式:
一、 一般过去时与现在完成时的转换
n 在现在完成时中,延续性动词能与表示一段时间的状语连用,瞬间动词却不能。但是,可用别的表达方式:①瞬间动词用于“一段时间 + ago”的一般过去时的句型中;②瞬间动词可改成与之相对应的延续性动词及短语,与一段时间连用;③瞬间动词用于“It is + 一段时间 + since + 一般过去时”的句型中,表示“自从……以来有……时间”的意思,主句一般用it is来代替It has been;④瞬间动词用于“Some time has passed since + 一般过去时”的句型中。请看:
A. He joined the League two years ago.
B. He has been in the League for two years.
C. It is two years since he joined the League.
D. Two years has passed since he joined the League.
二、 一般现在时与现在进行时的转换
n 在一般现在时中,at加上名词表示“处于某种状态”,如at work(在工作), at school(上学、上课)等。此短语可与进行时态转换。请看:
l Peter is at work, but Mike is at play.
l Peter is working, but Mike is playing.
三、 现在进行时与一般将来时的转换
n 在现在进行时态中go, come, leave, start, arrive等动词常与表示将来的时间状语连用表示将要发生的动作。如:I am coming, Mum! 意为“我就来,妈妈!”请看:
l The train is leaving soon.
l The train will leave soon.
l 四、“be going to+动词原形”与“will(shall)+动词原形”结构的转换
n “be going to+动词原形”、表示打算、计划要做的事;将来时“will(shall)+动词原形”结构在书面语中,当主语为第一人称时,常用助动词shall。在口语中,所有人称都可以用will。请看:
l We are going to visit the Great Wall next Sunday.
l We shall visit the Great Wall next Sunday.
l Ⅲ. 中考动词时态考点分析
一、 根据时间状语确定时态的原则
l 1. Hurry up! The play for ten minutes. (2002辽宁)
l A. has begun B. had begun C. has been on D. began
l [析] 1. C。since后接时间的起点,for后接时间段,主句动词用现在完成时,应注意瞬间动词与延续性动词的使用。
二、 在复合句根据时态呼应确定时态的原则
l 2. Do you know if back next week? If he back, please let me know. (2002黑龙江 )
l A. he comes; will come B. will he come; comes
l C. he will come; comes D. will he come; will come
n [析] 2. C。if既可引导宾语从句,也可引导状语从句。充当宾语从句的连接词时,相当于whether,词义是“是否”。充当状语从句的连接词时,词义是“如果”。从时态看,if引导宾语从句时谓语动词的时态应根据主句的时态作相应的变化;引导表示将来动作或状态的条件句时,若主句用一般将来时,则从句通常用一般现在时表示将来。
三、 根据上下文已有时态信息点确定时态的原则
l 3. –When this kind of computer ?
l --Last year. (2002天津)
l A. did; use B. was; used C. is; used D. are; used
l [析] 3. B。此例由下句的时间状语推断出一般过去时态,并且要考虑到被动语态。
四、 利用上下文语意确定时态的原则
l 4. –Hi! Lin Tao. I didn’t see you at the party.
l --Oh, I ready for the maths exam. (2002江西)
l A. am getting B. was getting C. got D. have got
l [析] 4. B。此例由didn’t, at the party推断出应用过去进行时。
五、 时态中的“特殊”对策的原则
l 5. The teacher told us yesterday that December 25 Christmas Day. (2002辽宁)
l A. is B. was C. has been D. will be
l [析] 5. A。 有些动词其动词的时态是“违背常理”的。如宾语从句表示的是一个客观事实或客观真理时,其时态不受主句限制而用一般现在时表示。
l Ⅳ. 中考实战题练兵
l Fill in the blanks with the right forms of the verb tense:
l 1. Mr Brown will go fishing if it (not rain) tomorrow. (2002徐州市)
l 2. I think he (be) back in a week. (2002南京市)
l 3. –Who (knock) at the door?
l --I don’t know. Let me go and see. (2002连云港市)
l 4. Bill is strict with himself. He never (leave) today’s work for tomorrow. (2002连云港市)
l 5. -- your uncle (return) the video tapes to Mr Fox?
l --No. They’re still in his bedroom. (2002南通市)
l 6. By the end of last term, they (work) there for ten years. (2002辽宁)
l 7. Mr. Wang (read) a newspaper in the office at this time yesterday. (2002上海市)
l 8. Mr. Green and his wife (live) in London for a few years before they
l (come) to work in China in 2001. (2002曲靖市)
l 9. They never knew what (happen) to the world in a hundred years. (2002南充)
l 10. About 400 years ago, Galileo(伽利略) proved that the earth (go) around the sun. (2002陕西)
(四)英语上的分词分为现在分词和过去分词。
现在分词和过去分词主要差别在于:现在分词表示"主动和进行",过去分词表示"被动和完成"(不及物动词的过去分词不表示被动,只表示完成)。分词可以有自己的状语、宾语或逻辑主语等。
1、 分词作状语分词在句子中作状语,可以表示时间、条件、原因、结果、让步、伴随等。
分词在句子中作状语,使用何种分词,要取决于分词与句子主语的关系:主谓关系用现在分词,动宾或被动关系用过去分词。
(1)现在分词The students went out of the classroom, laughing and talking.
(2)过去分词Accompanied by his friend, he went to the railway station. Given better attention, the plants could grow better.
2、"while ( when, once, until, if , though等连词)+分词"结构现在分词或过去分词作状语时,有时可以在分词前加while,when, once, although, until, if等连词。
When leaving the airport, she waved again and again to us. While waiting for the train, I had a long talk with my sister about her work……
Once recovered, he threw himself into his work and made every effort to do it well.
Although working very hard, he failed to pass the final exam. If translated word by word, the passage will be difficult to understand.
3、分词作定语分词作定语时,单个的分词通常放在被修饰的名词之前,分词短语一般置于所修饰的中心词后面。现在分词修饰的是发出该动作的名词(即与名词有主谓关系),过去分词修饰承受该动作的名词(即与名词是动宾关系)。
We will go on with our experiment as soon as we get the added fund.
This is really an exhausting day to all of us!
We can see the part of the moon lighted by sunlight.
After a night spent in excitement and sleeplessness, I forced myself to take a long walk along the beach the next day.
More and more developing countries established strategic partnership with developed countries
4、分词作宾语补足语现在分词在see, watch, hear, observe, notice, feel, find, glimpse, glance等感官动词和look at, listen to等短语动词以及have, keep, get, catch, leave, set, start, send等使役动词后面与名词或代词构成复合宾语,作宾语补语的成分。
5、分词作表语分词作表语通常看作形容词来用。现在分词表示主语的性质,而且主语多为物;过去分词表示主语的感受或状态,主语多为人。
(五)五大基本句型
英文的句子按照主词、动词、受词补语来分类,可以分成五大基本句型。 分别是:
一、S+V(主语+谓语动词)
1. Snow falls. 下雪
2. The sun rises. 太阳升起
3. The moon rose slowly.
4. He spoke loudly.
二、S+V+C【Subject(主语)+Verb(动词)+Complement(补语)】
即:主语+连系动词+表语
1.He is the author. 他是作者 (名词作补语)
2.Spring is here. 春天到了 (副词作补语)
3. He is in the room. 他在房间里 (介词片语作补语)
4.To see is to believe. 眼见为凭 (不定词作补语)
5.The question is what to say. 问题是要说什麼 (名词片语作补语)
6. S+感官动词+SC
The candy tastes sweet. 这糖果尝起来很甜
The milk smells sour. 这牛奶闻起来酸酸的
It sounds great. 这听起来不错
She looks suprised. 她看起来很吃惊
I feel better. 我感
三、S+V+O(Subject主语+verb动词+object宾语)
1.I want to study Math. 我想要研读数学 (受词为不定词)
2 I love her. 我爱她(受词为名词)
3. She knows that he never tells the truth. 她知道他从未说过实话 (受词为名词子句)
4. I like fishing. 我喜欢钓鱼 (受词为动名词)
四、S+V+O+C(Subject主语+Verb动词+Object宾语+Complement补语)
1. We paid him $100. 我付他100元 = We paid $100 to him.
2. I showed him my books. 我对他展示我的书=I showed my books to him.
五、S+V+O+O(Subject主语+Verb动词+Object宾语+Object宾语)
这里的不完全及物动词主要有
感官动词: see hear watch feel
使役动词: make get ask let keep
其他如: call believe consider
1. We considered him a wise person. 我认为他是一个聪明的人
2. She made me mad. 她使我生气.
3. I saw him swim across the river. 我看见他游过河
另外还有一类也可归做本句型 (介系词片语作补语 as ..., in ...)
S Vt + as O OC
1. I regard it as impossible. 我认为这是不可能的
2. I regard him as a child. 我视他为小孩
(六)英文数词的用法与读法
1. 小数是用数字来表示的,小数点后无论有多少位数也不要在中间插入逗点,小数点读作 point,小数点后面的数字要一个一个地读出。如:
3.4 读作 three point four
0.8 读作 zero point eight 或 naught point eight
30.34 读作 thirty point three four。
Birth rate was up 2.5 times in those years.
那些年出生率上升了 2.5 倍。
小数 2.5 在句中作修饰语。
Our grain output will be 3.7 times that of 1960.
我们的粮食产量将是 1960年的 3.7 倍。
小数 3.7 在句中作修饰语。
2. 百分数用percent或per cent表示,即"%"。
The price has been reced by 20 percent (20%) since May.
自五月以来价格降低了百分之二十。
The number of visiting patients is 30%(30 percent) less than the same time last year.
就诊的患者人数较去年同期下降了百分之三十。
3. 比率的表示通常都用数字,有时亦可用文字。
The ratios of 1 to 3 and 5 to 15 are the same.
一比三和五比十五的比率是相同的。
You have a fifty to fifty chance to win the game.
你有五成的机会赢得比赛。
4. 日期及年份的表示法,如:
May 22(May the twenty-second或the twenty-second of May),也可写作 May 22nd
July 15(July the fifteenth或the fifteenth of July),也可写作 July 15th
August 1(August the first或the first of August),也可写作 August 1st
1949 读作 nineteen forty-nine
1804 读作 eighteen o four
1700 读作 seventeen hundred
2000 读作 two thousand
685 B.C. 读作 six eighty-five B.C.(before Christ)
1960's(or 1960s) 读作 nineteen sixties。
5. 时刻的表示法,如:
7:00 读作 seven o'clock或seven
9:15 读作 nine fifteen或a quarter past nine或a quarter after nine
11:26 读作 eleven twenty-six或twenty-six past eleven或twenty-six after eleven
5:30 读作 five thirty或half past five或half after five
6. 以24小时为时制的表示法,如:
08:00 读作 eight o'clock in the morning或eight o'clock a.m.
12:00 读作 twelve o'clock或midday或noon
14:15 读作 fourteen fifteen或two fifteen p.m.
24:00 读作 twelve o'clock at night或midnight
7. 单位的表达法,如:
2×3 feet 读作 two feet by three feet
2×3×6 inches 读作 two inches by three inches by six inches。
This parcel weighs 3 pounds 5 ounces.
This parcel is 3 pounds 5 ounces in weight.
这件包裹重三磅五盎司。
I bought a 4 feet by 5 feet rug.
我购买了一块长五英呎宽四英呎的地毯。
The temperature dropped to -22℃(minus twenty-two degrees Centigrade).
温度下降到摄氏零下二十二度。
His height is 178 cm.
He is 178 cm tall.
他的身高是一百七十八厘米。
The size of the box is six feet by four by three and two-thirds.
这个箱子的大小是长六英尺宽四英尺高三又三分之二英尺。
8. 一些数学表达式的读法,其中一些常见的符号如:
"+" 读作 plus 或 and;
"-" 读作 minus或from;
"×" 读作 times或multiplied by;
"÷" 读作 divided by。
5+8 =13
Five plus eight is thirteen.
五加八等于十三。
15-6 =9
Fifteen minus six is nine.
十五减六等于九。
4×5 =20
Four times five is twenty.
Four multiplied by five is twenty.
Four fives are twenty.
四乘以五等于二十。
8÷2 → 4
Eight divided by two is four.
Two in eight goes four.
八除以二等于四。
9. 电话号码、房间号、帐号、汽车牌号等按编号的顺序一个一个地读出,遇到 "0" 时读 oh,相连的两个相同的基数词可读作 double。
My office phone number is 268-8064 extension 321.
我的办公室电话是二六八八零**分机三二一.
268-8064 extension 321 读作 two six eight eight O six four extension three two one.
My account number is 38800685.
我的帐号是三八八零零六八五。
38800685 读作 three eight eight zero zero six eight five or three double eight double oh six eight five
10. 货币的读法,如:
$18.29 读作 eighteen dollars twenty-nine cents或eighteen twenty-nine
十八美元二十九美分。
$15 读作 fifteen dollars (even)
表示十五美元(整)。
C$268 读作 two hundred and sixty-eight Canadian dollars
表示二百六十八加拿大元。
JP¥10,000 读作 ten thousand Japanese Yen
表示一万日元。
11. 帝王第~世的读法,如:
William I 读作 William the First(威廉一世)
Elizabeth II 读作 Elizabeth the Second(伊利莎白二世)
12. 其他表达法,如:
World War II 读作 world war two 或 the second world war(第二次世界大战)
No.1 读作 number one(第一)
Lesson III 读作 lesson three(第三课)
Section I 读作 section one(第一节)
P.10 读作 page ten(第十页)
Ⅳ 初中英语主谓一致
用作主语的名词词组中心词和谓语动词在单、复数形式上的一致,就是语法一致。也就是说,如果名词中心词是单数,动词用单数形式;如果名词中心词是复数,动词用复数形式。例如:
This table is a genuine antique.
Both parties have their own advantages.
Her job has something to do with computers.
She wants to go home.
They are divorcing each other.
Mary was watching herself in the mirror.
The bird built a nest.
Susan comes home every week-end.
(二) 编辑本段 回目录 主谓一致 - 意义一致原则
有时,主语和谓语动词的一致关系取决于主语的单、复数意义,而不是语法上的单、复数形式,这样的一致关系就是意义一致。例如:
Democratic government graally take the place of an all-powerful monarchy.
A barracks was attacked by the guerilla.
Mumps is a kind of infectious disease.
The United States is a developed country.
It is the remains of a ruined palace.
The archives was lost.
This pair of trousers costs fifty dollars.
(三) 编辑本段 回目录 主谓一致 - 就近原则
有时,谓语动词的单、复数形式决定于最靠近它的词语。
例如:
Either my grandsons or their father is coming.
No one except his daughters agree with him.
Mary and her sisters are baking a cake.
Neither Richard nor I am going.
编辑本段 回目录 主谓一致 - 以集合名词做主语的主谓一致问题
有些集合名词,ommittee,council,crew,crowd,family,gang,government,group,mob,staff,team, union等,在意义上是复数,但在语法形式上是单数,这类名词作主语的主谓一致问题往往遵循“语法一致”或“意义一致”原则。例如:
The committee has/have decided to dismiss him.
A council of elders governs the tribe.
The present government is trying to control inflation.
The school staff are expected to supervise school meals.
(一)通常作复数的集体名词
包括police,people, cattle, militia, vermin等,这些集体名词通常用作复数。
例如:
The British police have only very limited powers.
The militia were called out to guard the borderland.
It seems the cattle on the sides of the dikes were the only living creatures in these desolate surroundings.
(二)通常作不可数名词的集体名词
通常作不可数名词的集体名词,包括poultry,foliage,machinery, equipment,furniture,
merchandise等,这类名词后的动词用单数形式。
例如:
Poultry is expensive at this time of year.
That green foliage was restful.
The merchandise has arrived undamaged.
All the machinery in the factory is made in China.
The suite of furniture he bought was of contemporary style.
The equipment of the photographic studio was expensive.
(三)可作单数也可作复数的集体名词
可作单数也可作复数的集体名词,包括audience, committee, crew, family, government,jury等。
例如:
The audience was/were enthusiastic on the opening night of the play.
The committee has/have decided to dismiss him.
The jury is/are about to announce the winners.
The government has/have discussed the matter for a long time.
三、a committee, etc of +复数名词的主谓一致问题
如果主语是由a committee of /a panel of /a (the) board of +复数名词构成,随后的动词通常用单数。
例如:
A committee of twelve men is to discuss the matter.
A panel of experts has considered the situation.
The board of managers is responsible for the firm.
四、以-s结尾的名词作主语的主谓一致问题
英语可数名词的规则复数形式是在词尾加-s或-es,但是有一些以-s结尾的名词并不是可数名词。它们用法多样,造成了实际使用上的困难,以下详述了以-s结尾的名词作主语的主谓一致问题。
(一)以-s结尾的疾病名称作主语的主谓一致问题
(二)以-s结尾的游戏名称作主语的主谓一致问题
(三)以-s结尾的地理名称作主语的主谓一致问题
(四)以-ics结尾的学科名称作主语的主谓一致问题
(五)其它以-s结尾的名词的主谓一致问题
(一)以-s结尾的疾病名称作主语的主谓一致问题
以-s结尾的疾病名称作主语的主谓一致问题,如:arthritis,bronchitis,diabetes,mumps,phlebitis,rickets,这类以-s结尾的疾病名称作主语时,谓语动词通常用作单数。
例如:
Arthritis causes great pain in the joints of the patient.
The diabetes is a kind of chronic disease.
Measles usually occurs in children.
Phlebitis is a swollen condition of the blood vessels.
(二)以-s结尾的游戏名称作主语的主谓一致问题
以-s结尾的游戏名称作主语时,谓语动词通常用作单数。
例如:
Darts is basically a easy game.
Marbles is not confined to children.
Skittles is not fashionable nowadays.
Draughts is not very difficult to learn.
但当Darts,Marbles等的意义为游戏器具而非游戏名称时,谓语动词通常用作复数。
例如:
Three darts are thrown at each turn.
All nine skittles were brought down by the good throw.
(三)以-s结尾的地理名称作主语的主谓一致问题
某些以-s结尾的地理名称,如果是国名,如the United States,the Netherlands等,因其是单一政治实体,所以谓语动词用作单数。
例如:
The United States was hit by the Great Depression in 1930s'.
In early January 1996 the Netherlands was hit by its worst storm since 1976.
但如果是群岛、山脉、海峡、瀑布等地理名称作主语,谓语动词用作复数。
例如:
The West Indies are commonly divided into two parts.
The Himalayas have a magnificent variety of plant.
The Straits of Gibraltar have not lost their strategic importance.
The Niagara Falls are perhaps the most splendid waterfall in the world.
(四)以-ics结尾的学科名称作主语的主谓一致问题
某些以-ics结尾的学科名称作主语时,如physics,mathematics,mechanics, optics, acoustics, politics statistics, economics, linguistics, athletics等, 谓语动词通常用作单数。
例如:
Physics is a fundamental subject in science.
The third world economics is promising.
Acoustics studies the science of sound.
Mathematics is an interesting subject.
Athletics is a required course for students of all grades.
但如果这类名词表示学科以外的其它含义,可作复数用。
例如:
Athletics have been greatly encouraged at this college.
The acoustics of the new concert hall are perfect.
The economics of the project are still at issue.
(五)其它以-s结尾的名词的主谓一致问题
A.以-s结尾的由两部分组成的物体名称作主语
英语中有一些通常以-s结尾的由两部分组成的物体名词,如glasses, pincers,pliers,scissors, shorts,suspenders,trousers等,这类名词做主语,如果不带“一把”、“一副”等单位词,谓语动词通常用复数。
例如:
Mary's glasses are new.
John's trousers are black.
如果带有单位词, 则由单位词决定动词的单、复数形式。
例如:
One pair of pincers isn't enough.
Two pairs of scissors are missing from my tool box.
B.其他以-s结尾的名词
英语中还有一些以- s结尾的名词,如archives,arms,clothes, contents, eaves, fireworks, goods, minutes, morals, remains stairs, suburbs, thanks,wages这类名词作主语时,谓语动词通常用复数。
例如:
The archives of the country are kept in the Department of Security.
The contents of the book are most amusing.
High wages often result in high prices.
My thanks are sincere.
五、如果句子的主语是并列结构,其主谓一致问题通常遵循以下原则:
(一)由and/both...and连接的并列主语的主谓一致问题
(二)由or/nor/either...or连接的并列主语的主谓一致问题
(三)主语 + as much as,etc的主谓一致问题
(一)由and/both...and连接的并列主语的主谓一致问题
由and/both...and连接的并列结构作主语,可根据主语的意义决定谓语动词的单、复数形式。
例如:
Pancakes and syrup is a tasty breakfast.
The number and diversity of British newspaper is considerable.
Good and bad taste are inculcated by example.
Fish and chips are getting very expensive.
A truck and a car were in the ditch.
Both Cathy and her daughter Lida have gone fishing in Canada.
当and连接的并列名词词组带有each,every,或者many a 等限定词时,谓语动词通常用单数。
例如:
Each man and each woman there is asked to help.
Every flower and every bush is to be cut down.
Every change of season, every change of weather, indeed every hour of the day, proces some change in the magical hues and shapes of these mountains.
Many a boy was disappointed after seeing the film.
(二)由or/nor/either...or连接的并列主语的主谓一致问题
由or,nor,either...or, neither...nor,not only...but also连接的并列结构作主语,随后的动词形式通常按照“就近原则”处理。
例如:
Neither Lucy nor Carol has any money left.
Neither sleet nor snow stops him from driving his new Mercedes-Benz.
Either Tina or Carol is sure to know the answer.
Neither my father nor my brothers are likely to be at theater.
Neither the Kansas coach nor the players were confident of victory.
Not only one, but all of us are hoping to be there.
Not only the switches but also the old wiring has been stolen.
(三)主语 + as much as,etc的主谓一致问题
当主语后面跟有由as much as, rather than , more than, no less than 等引导的从属结构,或跟有由as well as, in addition to ,with, along with, together with, except等引导的词组时, 其后的动词形式取决主语的形式。
例如:
The vessel, with its entire crew and cargo was lost.
The ocean, as well as the gulf and the bay, provides good fishing.
John, rather than his roommates, is to blame.
Hugh,as well as his two sisters, is vacationing in Wyoming this summer.
Some of the employees as much as the manager were responsible for the failure.
My husband,more than anyone else in the family, is longing to go there again.
Billy, together with his sisters, was wounded in the accident.
No one except two girls was late for school.
六、以表示数量概念的名词词组作主语的主谓一致问题
数量概念分两类:一类是确定数量,如 two years, five seconds,three kilos,等,另一类是非确定数量,如all of..., some of..., none of...。如果用这类表示数量概念的名词词组作主语,会产生主谓一致问题。
(一)以表示确定数量的名词词组作主语的主谓一致问题
(二)以表示非确定数量的名词词组作主语的主谓一致问题
(一)以表示确定数量的名词词组作主语
当主语为表示确定数量的名词词组时,如果数量概念被看做一个整体,动词用单数,如果被看做组成该数量的个体,动词用复数。
例如:
The treasurer considered that twenty dollars was not too much to ask.
"Two months is too short a time," General manager warned, "we must hurry up."
Three weeks is needed to complete the task.
There were six silver dollars in each of the stockings.
Three pints is not enough to get him drunk.
A total of 50,000 new bicycles was registered in the year.
如果作主语的名词词组是由“分数/百分数+ of”词组构成,其动词形式 取决于of词组中名词的类别。
例如:
Two-thirds of the people present is against the plan.
Three-fourths of the surface of the earth is covered by sea.
Over twenty percent of the city was destroyed in the war.
Forty-five percent of the doctors were woman.
两数相减或相除,谓语动词用单数;两数相加或相乘,谓语动词可用单数,也可用复数。
例如:
Sixty minus seventeen leaves forty-three.
Forty-two divided by six is seven.
Six and eight makes/make fourteen.
Six times eight is/are forty-eight.
如果主语由"one in/one out of + 复数名词" 构成,在正式语体中,动词用单数。
例如:
One in ten students has passed the examination.
One out of twelve bottles was left intact.
(二)以表示非确定数量的名词词组作主语的主谓一致问题
如果主语由 "a portion of, a series of, a pile of, a panel of +名词"或由“a kind/sort/type of, this kind/sort/type of+名词” 构成,谓语动词通常用单数。
例如:
A panel of us has decided to hire a boat and travel through Holland by canal.
A pile of apple logs was set beside the hearth.
A portion of reports is deceiving.
This kind of cars is rather expensive.
This type of women is dangerous.
That type of machines is up-to-date.
如果主语是由“many a +名词" 或“more than one +名词"构成,随后的动词遵循“语法一致”原则,用单数。
例如:
Many a person in these circumstances has hoped for a long break.
Many a man has his own responsibility.
More than one student has failed the exam.
More than one ship was lost this year.
如果主语是all of, some of,none of, half of, most of,lots of,loads of ,plenty of,等表示非确定数量的名词词组,谓语动词的单、复数形式根据 of词组中名词类别而定。
例如:
Most of the money was recovered by Deputy Player.
All of the cargo was lost.
Some of the books were badly torn.
None of my friends ever come to see me.
Half of the building was destroied ring the war.
Half of the students are eager to leave now.
Lots of people are waiting outside.
Loads of apples have been distributed among the children.
Plenty of water was prepared for irrigation.
Ⅵ 英语句子变复数 人称变化吗
公式:be+动词的过去分词
应用范围:表示被动的情况,一般是及物动词有被动语态,切记不及物动词与一些固定词组是没有被动语态的。例如:happen, take place
英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。英语中有两种语态:主动语态和被动语态。
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。巧记为:主动、主动、主去动。
例如:Many people speak English.
谓语:speak的动作是由主语many people来执行的。
被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者,即行为动作的对象。巧记为:被动、被动、主被动。例如:English is spoken by many people.主语English是动词speak的承受者。
主动态和被动态指的是动词形式,是词法概念;而主动句和被动句则指的是句子结构,从而是句法概念。所谓主动句就是由主动态动词(词组)作谓语动词的句子,而被动句则是由被动态动词(词组)作谓语动词的句子。
例如:He opened the door.他开了门。(主动句)
歌诀:谁做的动作不知道,说出谁做的没有必要;
主动语态变被动语态的方法
(1)把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。
(2)把谓语变成被动结构(be+过去分词)
(根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数,以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式)。
(3)把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语,将主格改为宾格。例如:
All the people laughed at him.
He was laughed at by all people.
They make the bikes in the factory.
The bikes are made
Ⅶ 初中英语七年级考点
1.动词be(is,am,are)的用法
我(I)用am, 你(you)用are,is跟着他(he),她(she),它(it)。单数名词用is,复数名词全用are。变否定,更容易,be后not加上去。变疑问,往前提,句末问号莫丢弃。还有一条须注意,句首大写莫忘记。
2.this,that和it用法
(1)this和that是指示代词,it是人称代词。
(2)距离说话人近的人或物用this, 距离说话人远的人或物用that。如:
This is a flower. 这是一朵花。(近处) That is a tree. 那是一棵树。(远处)
(3)放在一起的两样东西,先说this, 后说that。如:
This is a pen. That is a pencil. 这是一支钢笔。那是一支铅笔。
(4)向别人介绍某人时说This is„, 不说That is„。如: This is Helen. Helen, this is Tom. 这是海伦,海伦,这是汤姆。
(5)This is 不能缩写, 而That is可以缩写。如:
This is a bike. That’s a car. 这是一辆自行车。那是一辆轿车。
(6)打电话时,介绍自己用this, 询问对方用that。如: —Hello! Is that Miss Green? 喂,是格林小姐吗? —Yes, this is. Who’s that? 是的,我是,你是谁? 注意:虽然汉语中使用“我”和“你”,但英语中打电话时绝不可以说:I am„, Are you„?/Who are you?
(7)在回答this或that作主语的疑问句时, 要用it代替this或that。如:
①—Is this a notebook? 这是笔记本吗? —Yes, it is. 是的,它是。
②—What’s that? 那是什么? —It’s a kite. 是只风筝。
3.these和those用法
this, that, these和those是指示代词,these是this的复数形式,指时间,距离较近的或下面要提到的人或事;those是that的复数形式,指时间、距离较远或前面已经提到过的人或事物。
①This is my bed. That is Lily’s bed. 这是我的床。那是莉莉的床。
②These pictures are good. 那些画很好。 ③ Are those apple trees? 那些是苹果树吗? 在回答主语是these或those的疑问句时,通常用they代替these或those以避免重复。如:
④Are these/those your apples? 这些(那些)是你的苹果吗?
Yes, they are. 是的,他们是。
4.名词+’s所有格
单数名词后直接加 “ ’s ”:
Jim’s coat 吉姆的外套 Jeff’s mother杰夫的妈妈 以s结尾的复数名词,只加“’”
Teachers’ Day教师节 the twins’ books双胞胎的书 不以s结尾的不规则的名词复数,加“ ’s ” Children’s Day 儿童节 men’s shoes男式鞋 表示两者共同拥有时,只在最后一个名词后加’s
Lucy and Lily’s mother 露茜和莉莉的妈妈(共同的妈妈,一个妈妈)
表示两者各自拥有时,要在每个名词后加’s
Lucy’s and Kate’s rooms 露茜和凯特的房间(各自的房间,两间房子)
5.There be句型
(1)There be句型主要用以表达“某处(某时)有某人(某物)。”其基本结构为“There be+某物(某人)+某地(某时)”其中there是引导词,没有词义;主语是be后面的名词, be是谓语动词,在一般现在时中be只用is和are两种形式。下面这首歌诀可帮你巧记there be句型结构: There be放句首,主语跟在后。地、时放句末,强调置前头。如:
There is a book on the desk.
有时为了强调地点,也可把介词短语放在句首。如: On the desk there is a book.
(2)There be句型中的be动词如何确定呢?请先看看下面这首歌诀:
Be动词,有三个,am,is还有are。“There be”真特别,不留am只留俩,那就是is还有are。要用is还是are,须看其后的名词是单数还是复数。若是单数或不可数名词用is,否则就用are。如:
①There is a tree behind the house.
②There is some water(水)in the bottle(瓶子). ③There are some pears in the box.
(3)注意:如果“be”后的主语是由and连接的两个或两个以上的名词,那么be的形式要遵循“远亲不如近邻”的原则。也就是说,“be”的形式是由与它最近的那个名词来确定的。若那个名词是单数或不可数名词要用is,是复数就用are。如:
①There is a book and some pens on the floor. ②There are some pens and a book on the floor.
6.like一词的用法
like用作及物动词,译为“喜欢”。
(1)后接名词或代词,表示喜欢某人或某物。如: I like the baby very much. 我非常喜欢这个小孩。 (2)后接动名词(v. -ing),表示“喜欢做某事”,着重于习惯、爱好。如:
Tom likes playing football. 汤姆喜欢踢足球。
(3)后接动词不定式(to do ),表示“偶尔地喜欢做某事
着重于某次具体的行为。如:
I like reading, but I like to watch TV this evening. 我喜欢读书,但我今晚想看电视。
7.句子单数变复数,注意以下五要素
(1)主格人称代词要变成相应的复数主格人称代词,即I→we, you→you,she,he,it→ they。 如:She is a girl. →They are girls. (2)am,is要变为are。如:
I’m a student. →We are students. (3)不定冠词a,an要去掉。如: He is a boy. →They are boys.
(4)普通单数名词要变为复数形式。如: It is an apple. →They are apples.
(5)指示代词this,that要变为these,those。如: This is a box. →These are boxes.
8.英语日期的表示法
英语中月份和星期名称都是专有名词,它们的首字母必须大写,并且前面无需用冠词。
用英语表示日期,其顺序为月+日+年,日和年之间需用逗号隔开。如:August 2nd,2003(2003年8月2日)。也可以用日+月+年来表示。如:10th May,2003(2003年5月10日)英语日期前介词的使用:若指在哪一年或哪一月,则用介词in,若具体到某一天,则需用介词on。
9.时间的表达法
(1) 直读式,即直接读出时间数字 7: 05 seven five 8:16 eight sixteen
(2) 过、差式,即几点差几分,几点过几分。(以30分为分界线)
1:25 twenty-five past one 2:30 half past two 3:43 seventeen to four 4:38 twenty-two to five (3)12小时制
6:00 a.m. 上午6点 8:20 p.m. 下午8点20分 (4)24小时制
13:00 13点钟 22:15 22点15分 (5)15分可用quarter
4:15 a quarter past four 5:45 a quarter to six
(6)时间前通常用at. at 5 o’clock at 7:30 p.m.
10. want用法
(1)想干什么用want to do sth
They want to join the sports club. 他们想加入运动俱乐部。 (2)第三人称单数作主语,want要作变化 ①He wants to play basketball. ②Li Xia wants to play the piano.
(3)变疑问句,否定句要借助助动词do或does.
①-Do you want to play soccer ball ? -Yes , I do . / No , I
don’t.
②-Does he want to go home by bus ? -Yes , he does . / No , he doesn’t 11. 形容词的用法:
形容词用以修饰名词,表示人或事物的特征。在句中可以作定语、表语,用于限定被修饰语的特征,如长短、大小、重量、颜色、高矮、胖瘦、新旧等,。
The little girl is very pretty. 这个小女孩很好看。 --I want that one. 我想要那个。 --Which one? 哪一个?
--The new blue one. 那个蓝色新的。
Can I have a look at the big nice one? 我能看一看那个大的漂亮的吗?
1 2、人称代词:
是用来表示人的代词,有单数和负数之分,有主格和宾格之分。人称代词的主格在句中作主语;人称代词的宾格在句中作宾语,是作动词或介词的宾语。
主格:I, we, you, he, she, it, they在句子中作主语 宾格:me, us, you, him, her, it, them在句子中作宾语 He and I are in the same class. 我和他在同一个班级。 Can you see them in the street? 你能看见他们在街上吗? 13、可数名词和不可数名词
英语中名词分为可数名词和不可数名词。凡是可数计数的名词叫做可数名词;凡是不可以计数的名词叫做不可数名词。
(1)可数名词分为单数和复数两种形式。可数名词前可以用不定冠词、数词或some many等修饰。如:a man a desk an apple an orange some books some children tow pens (2)不可数名词没有复数形式,前面不能用不定冠词、数词或many等词语修饰,但可以用some a little much等词语来修饰。有时可以与一些量词短语搭配,这些量词短语中的名词一般是可数的,有单数形式,也可以有复数形式。如:some water a little milk much food a piece of bread tow bottles of ink some glasses of water 14、祈使句
祈使句用来表示请求、命令等,句中没有主语,肯定形式由谓语或者谓语+宾语(+宾语补足语)构成,否定形式则在句前加Don’t.
Stand up, please. 请起立。 Don’t worry. 别担心。 can的用法:
can是情态动词,表示“能,会,可以,被允许等”,其后接动词原形,否定形式为cannot,可缩写为can’t. She can speak Japanese. 她会讲日语。
I can’t remember his name. 我不记得他的名字了。 Can you spell your name? 你会拼写你的名字吗? 15、现在进行时态:
概念:表示现在(说话瞬间)正在进行或发生的动作,也可以表示目前一段时间内或现阶段正在进行的活动。 结构:由be动词(am, is, are) + 动词ing构成,其中be
动词要与主语保持性数一致。
Mary is flying a kite in the park. 玛丽正在公园里放风筝。 --What are you doing now? 你现在在干什么? --I’m reading English. 我正在读英语。
Are they drawing the pictures now? 他们正在画画吗?
动词现在分词是动词原形变化而来的,规则变化如下: 动词ing形式叫动词现在分词,其构成如下: 1) 直接在动词后加ing
play—playing, do—doing, talk—talking, sing--singing 2) 以不发音的字母e结尾的动词,先去e,再加ing make—making, write—writing, have—having, take—taking
3) 以重读闭音节结尾的动词且词尾只有一个辅音字母,应双写这个辅音字母,再加ing run—running, stop—stopping, put—putting, swim—swimming
注意对现在进行时态的判断。判断一个英语句子用什么时态,主要看句子的时间状语,一般说来,每种时态都有与之相对应的时间状语。现在进行时表示现在(说话瞬间)正在进行或发生的动作。因此,这个时态最常用的时间状语是now;但有不少句子并没有now,只能通过提示语如look、listen等或者通过上下文来确定用现在进行时。 She is cleaning her room now. 她正在打扫房间。
Look! The girl is dancing over there. 看!那个女孩在那里跳舞。
--Can you go and play games with me? 你能和我们一起做游戏吗? --Can’t you see I am doing my homework? 你没看见我正在做作业吗?
16、have/ has的用法: 1) 谓语动词have表示“有”,有两种形式:have和has,前者用于第一人称(I, we),第二人称(you)和第三人称复数(they),后者用于第三人称单数(he, she, it)或单数名词。 I have an apple and he has two bananas. 我有一个苹果,他有两个香蕉。
You have a new English teacher. 你们有了一个新的英语老师。
It has two big eyes. 它有一双大眼睛。
Julie and Jack have a nice car. 朱莉和杰克有一辆好看的车。
2) have/has句型与there be句型的比较:两者都表示“有”,但用法不同。前者表示所属关系,即表示“某人或某物有什么”,而后者表示存在,表示“某地有什么”。 They have some new books. 他们有一些新书。
There are some new books on their desks. 他们桌子上有一些新书。
She has a lot of pretty skirts. 她有很多漂亮的裙子。 There are a lot of pretty skirts in the shop. 商店里有很多漂亮的裙子。
3) have/ has的否定句,一般要加助动词do/ does,再加not构成,即do not have (don’t have)/ does not have (doesn’t have)
. She does not have a sister. 她没有姐姐。
We don’t have any classes on Saturday. 我们星期六没有课。
Ann and I don’t have a big room. 我和安没有一个大房间。
4) 一般疑问句由“助动词Do/ Does + 主语 + have + 宾语”构成,回答用Yes, „ do/ does.或者No, „ don’t/ doesn’t.
--Do you have a big house? 他们的房子大吗? --No, they don’t. 不,他们的房子不大。 --Does he have an eraser? 他有橡皮吗? --Yes, he does. 他有的。
5) 特殊疑问句由特殊疑问词 + 助动词do/ does + have (+状语)构成。
What do they have? 他们有什么? What does he have? 他有什么?
How many telephones do they have? 他们有几部电话? 17、介词用法:
1) 具体时间前介词用at。
. He gets up at half past seven every day. 他每天七点半起床。
She goes to bed at eleven o’clock. 她十一点睡觉。 2) 表示“在早上,在下午,在晚上”的短语中用介词in,且定冠词the不能省略;表示“在中午,在夜里”的短语中介词用at,不加冠词。
in the morning在早上,in the afternoon 在下午,in the evening 在晚上
at noon在中午,at night在夜里 3) 表示“在某天”、“在某天的上午、下午等”的短语用介词on。
What do you usually do on Monday morning? 星期一上午你通常做什么?
Do you sometimes go out to eat on Friday evening? 有时你星期五晚上出去吃饭吗?
He watches DVDs on Saturday night. 星期六晚上他看DVD。
Parents take children to parks on June 1. 六月一日,家长们带着孩子去公园。
4) 在this, last, next, every等词前面既不加介词,也不用冠词。
What are you doing this afternoon? 今天下午你做什么? He visits his grandma every Friday. 他每个星期五都去看望祖母。
She is going to Shanghai next Monday. 她下个星期一去上海。
18、一般现在时
一般现在时表示经常性或习惯性的动作,或表示现在的
特征或状态。 其动词形式是:动词原形(只有第三人称单数作主语时除外,要加-s)其疑问句和否定句需要用助动词do或does 1) 肯定句用行为动词原形表示
They get up very early every morning. 他们每天早晨起来很早。
I visit my grandparents four times a month. 我一个月去看望祖父母四次。
2) 否定句用don’t + 动词原形来表示
We do not go shopping on Sundays. 我们周日不去购物。 I don’t think you like this colour. 我想你不喜欢这个颜色。
3) 一般疑问句则是把助动词do提前至句首,后面动词用原形。回答时,肯定用 “Yes, 主语+do”;否定句用 “No, 主语+don’t”。
–Do they go to school at seven o’clock? 他们七点去上学吗?
--Yes, they do.
--Do you like this skirt? 你喜欢这条裙子吗? --No, I don’t. 不,我不喜欢。
一般现在时用来表示经常的或习惯性的动作,常与以下的时间状语连用:often 经常,always 总是,sometimes 有时,usually 通常,every day/ week 每天/ 周等。 He usually goes to school by bike. 通常他骑车上学。 I visit my grandparents every week. 我每个星期都去看祖父母。
She is always late for class. 她总是上课迟到。
My parents and I sometimes go out to eat. 我和父母有时出去吃饭。
It often rains here. 这儿常常下雨。 主语为第三人称单数时的一般现在时
一般现在时态,当主语为第三人称单数时,谓语动词也要是第三人称单数,后要加-s或-es。
He likes reading at night. 他喜欢夜里读书。
She usually goes to school by bike. 她平时骑车上学。 The little cat drinks milk every day. 小猫每天都喝牛奶。 转换成否定句要加doesn’t,其后的动词用原形。 Kelly doesn’t get up early on Saturdays and Sundays. 凯丽星期六星期天起床不早。
He doesn’t feel well today. 他今天感觉不舒服。
转换成一般疑问句,句首用Does,其后的动词用原形。 Does he have lunch at school? 他在学校吃午饭吗? Does it take long by train? 乘火车要很长时间吗?
Ⅷ 初中英语,主语(第一二三人称)是复数是用动词原形吗第一二人称单数动词怎么变化
一二单都是加动词原形的。
在一般现在时中,动词的变化主要是看人称。
第一第二人称的单数和复数+动词原型
第三人称单数+动词的第三人称单数形式(通常+s/es)
第三人称复数+动词原形
Ⅸ 初中英语,food and drink谓语动词用单数还是复数
and 连接两个并列主语,要用复数。
Ⅹ 单复数同形的英语单词一共有哪些
单复同形的单词:fish(鱼),deer(鹿),sheep(绵羊),works(工厂),means(手段),clothes(衣服)、scissors(剪子)、scales(天平)、glasses(眼镜)、trousers(裤子)、police(警察)、cattle(牛)、livestock(牲畜)、poultry(家禽)。
一、Chinese
英 [ˌtʃaɪˈni:z] 美 [tʃaɪˈniz, -ˈnis]
n.中国人
Thechef,staffandmanagersareallChinese.
厨师、工作人员和经理都是中国人。
二、cattle
表示“牛群”,故用作复数名词。作主语时,谓语用复数形式。
All his cattle were grazing in the field.
他所有的牛都在地里吃草。
三、police
该词通常表示“警察部队”,“警方”这样的含义,是一个集体名词。
The police are investigating the witnesses.
警方正在调查目击者。
四、poultry
是“家禽”的意思,如鸡、 鸭、 鹅等。若指这些活体的动物时,要当作复数名词来用。
1、Where are your poultry? 你养的家禽呢?
不过,若表示家禽的肉,则要当作单数名词来用。
2、Poultry is harder to come by nowadays than beef.
如今禽肉比牛肉难买到。
五、livestock
表示“农场里饲养的牲畜”,是一个集体名词,当作复数名词,用复数谓语。
The heavy rains and flooding killed scores of livestock.
暴雨和大水淹死了许多牲口。