怎么分析句子成分初中英语
A. 初中英语句子结构分析
学好英语 句子 直接影响学生的 英语口语 和 英语写作 能力。下面是我带来的初中英语句子结构分析，欢迎阅读!
初中英语句子结构分析阅读
一、词性的概念：
英语中的单词根据词义、句法作用和形式特征所作的分类。共有十类：名词、动词、形容词、代词、数词、冠词、副词、介词、连词、感叹词。
1、名词,"名"就是名称---人或事物的名称.具体的人或物体的名称:人名---Mike, Li Ming;地名—America, China动物名---pig, dog;植物名---tree, wheat。抽象的事物的名称:idea(主意), victory(胜利), knowledge(知识).
2、代词，何谓“代”?即是替代的意思，主要是来替代名词，所以说名词和代词关系是很近的，或者说代词的实质就是名词，正是这种血液关系，绝大多数时候代词跟名词在句中起的作用是一样的。代词，从英语词汇的整体来看数量并不多。
3、动词,"动"就是动作--人的五官动作: walk, jump, swim;人的大脑动作(心理活动): think, imagine。也有些动词是表示静止的，如：am，is，are。
4、形容词，我们在谈论人或物时，常说：“你描述一下是什么样子。”你就要用上：tall(高的)，short矮的)，black(黑的)，white(白的)这些词往往是修饰名词，它们就是形容词。
5、副词，说人行走得快慢，讲话清楚，在英语里就要用quickly(快地)，slowly(慢地)，clearly(清楚地)这些词往往来修饰动词。它们就是副词。副词很多是从形容词加ly构成的，所以看单词词尾是否有ly是判断是否是副词的一种 方法 ，但是词尾是ly的也不一定都是副词，可能是形容词，不过只有少量的单词(常见的有likely，friendly lovely，lonely，weekly，monthly，yearly),这几个单词需要加强记忆，也不就是几个单词特殊嘛，不过
考试往往就考特殊的，你要小心才是呀!
6、介词，英语用词里介词也属于难缠的一个。因为它涉及方面广，而且变化多端，往往令人捉摸不定，记起来很麻烦。别怕别怕，大部份介词都不难理解，比较令人头痛的只是下列几个at, by, to,in,for,of,on,from,with，其中又以at, by, in, on为四大“要犯"!学习介词就是要抓住这几"要犯"，还要提醒你的是，介词同名词“关系”最好，是“铁”哥们，所以往往你见到介词的地方你就会见到名词,而且还有一个词类往往和他们两个往往在一起，那就是冠词，他们三个形成一个“小集团”。
7、连词，如果我们想把单词与单词、 短语 与短语、句子与句子连接起来就要用连词。连词不能单独作句子成分，只能和其他词类一起作句子成分。常见的连词有：and, but, or, both .. and, neither..nor, not only ..but also, when,where, before, after, if 等等
8、冠词，英语中只有三个词：a\an (不定冠词)the (定冠词)，简单来说，不定冠词表示泛指，定冠词表示特指，冠词与名词关系紧密，一般是放在名词之前。定冠词也不能单独做主语宾语等等什么啦，只能和其他词类结合作句子成分。
9、数词，顾名思义，跟数字有关的词就是数词，英语中的数词有两种，基数词和序数词。基数词，比如：one two, three, four, five, six, seven等等，序数词，比如：first, second, third, fourth, fifth 等等。
10、感叹词，主要是来表示喜怒哀乐等感情的，比如：oh, ah, well等等，这一词类在十大词类中并不重要，了解即可。
二、简单的五种基本句型：
1、S(主)+ Vi(不及物动词)(谓语)——→主动结构
例如：Time flies.
1)S + V +副词(状语)
例如：Birds singbeautifully.
2)S + Vi +介词短语(状语)
例如：He went onholiday.
3)S + Vi +不定式(状语)
例如：We stopped tohave a rest.
4)S + Vi +分词(状语)
例如：I'll goswimming.
2、S (主)+ Vt(及物动词)(谓语)+ O(宾语)——→主动宾结构 例如：We likeEnglish.
1)S + Vt +名词/代词
例如：I like music.
2)S + Vt +不定式
例如：I want tohelp him.
[说明]常用于这句型的动词有：decide, hope, learn,need, promise, want,等。
3)S + Vt +疑问词+不定式
例如：I don't knowwhat to do.
[说明]常用于这句型的动词有：ask, decide, find out, forget, know等。
4)S + Vt +动名词
例如：I enjoyliving here.
[说明]常用于这句型的动词有：advise, enjoy, finish, mind, practise等。
5)S + Vt +宾语从句
例如：I don't think(that) he is right.
[说明]常用于这句型的动词有：hope, know, notice, think, wonder等。
【难点】
3、S (主)+ V(谓语)(系动词)+ P(表语)——→主系表结构
例如：We areChinese.
[说明]Ⅰ.除了be系动词外，还有一些动词也可以用作系动词，①表感官的动词，feel, smell,taste, sound, look, seem等。②表转变变化的动词，become, get, grow, turn,go,等。③表延续的动词keep, seem等。④表瞬时的动词come, fall等。
Ⅱ.表语也就是主语的补足语。
1)S + V +名词/代词
例如：He is a boy.
2)S + V +形容词
例如：She isbeautiful.
3)S + V + Adv副词
例如：Class isover.
4)S + V +介词短语
例如：He is in goodhealth.
5)S + V+分词
例如：He isexcited.
4、S (主)+ Vt(谓语)+ In O(间接宾语)+ D O(直接宾语)—→主动双宾结构 例如：I give youhelp.
1)S + Vt +间接宾语+直接宾语
例如：I sent him abook.
2)S + Vt +直接宾语+ To/for +间接宾语
例如：He sent abook to me.
[说明]①间接宾语前需要加to的常用动词有：bring, give,lend, pass, pay, read, sell, send, show, teach, tell, wish, write等。
②间接宾语前需要加for的常用动词有：buy, get,make等。
【难点】
5、S (主)+ Vt(谓语)+ O(宾语)+ O C(宾语补足语)——→主动宾补结构 例如：I make youclear.
[强调]宾语和宾语补足语之间通常具有逻辑主谓关系。
1)S + Vt +宾语+名词
例如：We named ourbaby Tom.
[说明]常用于这句型的动词有：call, find, make, name等。
2)S + Vt +宾语+形容词
例如：He paintedthe wall white.
[说明]常用于这句型的动词有：cut, find, keep, leave, make, see, wash等。
3)S + Vt +宾语+介词短语
例如：She alwayskeeps everything in good order.
4)S + Vt +宾语+不定式
例如：I wish you tostay.
[说明]常用于这句型的动词有：①不定式带to的词：ask, invite,tell, want, warn, wish等。②不定式不带to的词：have, know,let, make, notice, see, watch等。
5)S + Vt +宾语+分词
例如：I heard myname called(表示被动).
I feelsomething moving(表示进行).
[说明]常用于这句型的动词有：notice, observe, see, watch等。
6)S + Vt +宾语+疑问词+不定式
例如：He show mehow to do it.
[说明]常用于这句型的动词有：ask, show, teach, tell等。
初中英语句子结构分析练习
1.判断下列各句的基本结构。
1)Mr. Black isEnglish.
__________________________________________
2)The teachertaught us some new words.
__________________________________________
3)The farmer ispicking the apples.
__________________________________________
4)Thetemperature dropped.
__________________________________________
5)They turnedto the right.
__________________________________________
6)I would like to be your pen-friend.
__________________________________________
7)I have short black hair and browneyes.
__________________________________________
8)I alsoenjoy playing chess.
__________________________________________
9)I have abrother called Edwin.
__________________________________________
10)Myambition is to be an engineer.
__________________________________________
2.句子成分判断：
A.指出下列句中主语的中心词
1)Theteacherwith two of his students is walking into the classroom.
2)Thereis an oldmancoming here.
3)Theusefuldictionarywas given by my mother lastyear.
4)To do today's homeworkwithout the teacher's help is very difficult.
5)Thegoodomenof his birth was destined to changehis fortune.
B.选出句中谓语的中心词
1)Idon't like the picture on the wall.
A. don't B. like C. picture D. wall
2)Thedays get longer and longer when summer comes.
A.get B. longer C.days D. summer
3)Doyou usually go to school by bus?
A.Do B. usually C. go D. bus
4)Therewill be a meeting at the library this afternoon.
A. will be B. meeting C. thelibrary D. afternoon
5)Didthe twins have porridge for their breakfast?
A. Did B.twins C. have D. breakfast
C.挑出下列句中的宾语
1)Mybrotherhasn'tdonehis homework.
A B C D
2)Peoplealloverthe worldspeakEnglish.
A B C D
3)Youmust .
A B C D
4)Some of the students in the school want to go swimming,how about you?
A B C D
5)Theydidn't knowwho"FatherChristmas" really is.
A B C D
D.挑出下列句中的宾语补足语
1)Shelikesthe childrento read newspapers and booksin thereading-room.
A B C D
2)Heaskedhertotake the boyout of school.
A B C D
3)Shefounditdifficultto do the work.
A B C D
4)TheycallmeLilysometimes.
A B C D
5)Did you seeLi Mingplayingfootballon the playgroundjust now?
A B C D E.划出句中的直接宾语和间接宾语
1))Pleasetellus a story.
2)Myfather boughta new bikeformelast week.
3)Mr.Li is going to teachus historynext term.
4)Hereis a pen. GiveittoTom.
5)Didhe leaveany messageforme.
参考答案：
1、1)SVC 2)SVOO 3)SVO 4)SV 5)SV 6)SVO 7)SVO
8)SVO 9)SVOC 10)SVC
B. 如何辨别初中英语的句子成分
主语一般由名词、代词或相当与名词的词或短语短语等充当，表示句子所说的“什么人”或“什么事物"
谓语（谓语部分里的主要的词）用动词、谓语和主语在“人称”和“数”两方面必须一致，表示主语“是什么”或怎么样。
表语由名词、形容词或相当于名词或形容词的词或短语等充当，和系动词一起构成谓语，表示主语“是什么”或怎么样
宾语是动作的对象或承受者，常位于及物动词或介词后面。宾语可由名词、代词、数词、名词化的形容词、不定式、动名词、宾语从句等来担任。
定语：用于描述名词,代词,短语或从句的性质,特征范围等情况的词叫做定语,
定语可以由名词,形容词和起名词和形容词作用的词,短语担任。如果定语是单个
词,定语放在被修饰词的前面,如果是词组,定语放在被修饰词的后面。
状语：说明事物发生的时间,地点,原因,目的,结果方式,
条件或伴随情况,程度等情况的词叫状语。状语可以由副词,
短语以及从句来担任。
补语是述补结构中补充说明述语的结果、程度、趋向、可能、状态、数量等的成分。
补语与述语之间是补充与被补充、说明与被说明的关系,是补充说明动词或形容词性中心语的，可以回答“怎么样”、“多少次”、“何处”、“何时”、“什么结果”等问题。补语都放在中心语后头，除了趋向动词、数量词、介宾结构和一部分形容词可以直接作补语外。补语多用形容词、数量词、趋向动词、介宾结构来担任，各种关系的词组也常作补语。
口诀：
主谓宾、定状补，主干枝叶分清楚。
定语必居主宾前，谓前为状谓后补。
状语有时位主前，逗号分开心有数。
C. 初中英语句子成分分析法
英语句子是英语对话和文章的基础。下面是我带来的初中英语句子成分分析，欢迎阅读!
初中英语句子成分分析精选
句子是由各种词类按照一定的语法规则组成的，可以表达完整的概念。句子开头第一个字母一定要大写，结尾要注明标点符号。
一、句子的成分
组成句子的各个部分叫作句子的成分。句子的成分有主语、谓语、表语、宾语直接宾语和间接宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语。其中主语和谓语是句子的主体，表语、宾语和宾语 补足语是谓语的组成部分，其他成分如定语和状语是句子的次要部分。
1 主语 表示所说的“是什么”或“是谁”，通常用名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词、短语或从句担任。主语要放在句首。
To say is one thing, and to do is another. 说是一回事，做是另一回事。不定式作主语 What you said hurt me badly. 你所说的话深深地刺伤了我。从句作主语
2 谓语 起著说明主语的动作、特征或状态的作用，必须用动词表示。谓语和主语在人称和数两方面要一致，通常在主语之后。谓语通常有三个表现形式：
1动词或动词短语作谓语
He studies hard. 他学习很努力。 The performance has already begun.演出已经开始。
2谓语动词和宾语及宾语补语作谓语
They are picking apples. 他们正在摘苹果。 He made us laugh heavily.他使我们大笑不止。
3连系动词和表语作谓语 Her mother is an inspector. 她的母亲是一位检查官。
It is getting dark. 天色渐渐地黑了下来。
He is feeling well. 他现在感觉身体很好。
句子成分巧划分 ：主在前，谓在中，宾语、状语后面冲。短语定语主宾后，形、代定语主宾前。间宾直宾紧相依，直、间之间to、for连，宾补位于宾语后，地状常在时状前。
3 表语 用于说明主语的性质、特征、身份或状态，可以由名词、形容词、副词、介词和不定式 以及相当于名词或形容词的词或短语来担任，表语要放在连系动词之后。
Her job is to wash all the sheets and the clothes. 她的工作是洗这些床单和衣服。不定式作表语 Teaching is learning. 教学相长。动名词作表语
4 宾语 是及物动词所示动作的物件或介词的物件，由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词、 短语及从句都可以担任作宾语。宾语要放在谓语动词及物动词或介词之后。
Do you enjoy living here? 你愿意住在这里吗? 动名词作宾语
I want only one. 我只要一个。数词作宾语
I don't think you are right. 我认为你不对。从句作宾语
注意：①某些及物动词之后要求有双宾语即直接宾语和间接宾语， 直接宾语指物，间接宾语指人。这一类动词有：bring, give, pass, tell, hand, show, s end, read, leave, teach, find, buy, make, do, get, order, play, sing, pay等。
She showed me a few magazines. 她拿出了一些杂志给我看。
I promised her a wonderful present on her birthday .我答应在她生日那天给她一件奇妙的礼物。
②在需要的情况下，间接宾语也可以位于直接宾语之后，但此时间接宾语之前需要加介词。 She made me a sweater. She made a sweater for me. 她给我织了一件毛衣。
He left her three children. He left three children to her 他给她留下三个孩子。
③有些及物动词的后面，其宾语还需要有一个补足语，才能表达完整的意思。这样的宾语和宾语补足语称为复合宾语。名词、形容词、不定式或介词短语都可以作宾语补足语。
The couple named the baby Mary.名词作宾 补 这对夫妻给孩子取名叫玛丽。
He made her unhappy. 他使她很不高兴。形容词作宾补
“Let me out!” The boy cried. “让我出去!”那男孩喊道。副词作宾补
She saw a man in front of the gate. 她看见门外有一个男人。介词短语作宾补
She often helps me do the housework. 她经常帮助我做家务。不定式作宾补
I kept you waiting for half an hour. 我让你等了半个小时。动名词作宾补
5 状语
状语用于修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。通常表示行为发生的时间、地点、目的、方 式、程度等。状语一般由副词、介词短语、分词和分词短语、不定式或相当于副词的词或短 语来担当。其位置一般放在句末，但也可放在句首或句中。
She drove fast.副词作状语 她把车开得飞快。
There is a shelter under the post office.
在邮局的地底下，有一个掩蔽所。介词短语作状语
To liberate our country, they devoted their lives.
为了解放祖国，他们献出了生命。不定式短语作状语
Seeing his old mother, the man went towards her and threw himself on his knees.
那人一看见年迈的母亲就跑上前去跪倒在她面前。分词短语作状语
It was blowing hard when she was on her way home yesterday.
昨天她回家的路上，风刮得正大。从句作状语
6 定语
定语用于修饰名词或代词。可以担任定语的有形容词、代词、名词、数词、名词所有格、副 词、不定式、分词和分词短语、介词短语及从句等等。定语的位置很灵活，凡有名词和代词 的地方都可以有定语。
The man outside the teacher's office is his father.办公室外面的那人是他的父亲。介词短语作定语 I'll have a lot of clothes to wash this Saturday. 这个星期六我要洗好多衣服。不定式作定语 Will you say something about your travelling experience? 动名词作定语
The woman who is singing on the stage is her aunt.从句作定语正在台上演唱的那女人是她姑姑。
二、句子的种类
一、简单句
简单句只包含一个主谓结构，并且各个结构都是由单词或短语组成，不包含任何从句。有五种基本句型。
1.主语+谓语不及物动词
The new term begins. 新学期开始了。
2.主语+谓语及物动词+宾语
The girl is learning to play the piano. 这个女孩在学弹钢琴。
3.主语+连系动词+表语
The rice got burned。 饭焖煳了。
4.主语+谓语及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语
He bought her a watch. 他给她买了一块表。
5. 主语+谓语及物动词+宾语+宾语补语
We all believed you honest. 我们都认为你是诚实的。
二、并列句简单句+连词+简单句
并列句是由两个或多个简单句连线而成的。其中的各个简单句并列平行，同等重要，相互之 间没有从属关系，能够独立成句。它们之间要用连词连线。并列句可分为四种：
1.表示相同关系 用连词或逗号、分号连线构成并列句。常用连词有：and, not only...but also..., neither...nor...
Susan not only runs fast, but also jumps high. 苏姗不但跑得快，而且跳得高。
I could neither swim nor skate. 我既不会游泳，也不会滑冰。
2.表示转折关系 常用连词有：but, still, yet, while等。
It was late at night, but he went on doing his homework.夜已深了，但是他还在继续做作业。
She was busy cooking while they were watching TV.她忙着做饭，而他们却在看电视。
The film is not perfect, still, it's good.这部影片虽然不是无可挑剔，但还是好的。
3.表示选择关系 常用连词为：or, either...or...。
The teacher wanted to see either his father or mother.老师要见一下他的父亲或是母亲。
Either this road or that on e can lead you to that hospital.这条路或那条路都通往那家医院。
Hurry up,or you'll miss the train.
4.表示因果关系 常用连词有for和so。
We hurried to the railway station, for there was little time for the train to leave.
我们急忙赶往车站，因为火车很快就要开了。
The teacher asked Susan to go, so she went did.老师让苏姗到她那去，因此她就去了。
三、复合句主句+连词+从句
包含一个主句，一个或一个以上的从句的句子叫复合句。从句从属于主句并充当主句的某一成分，如主语，表语，宾语，定语，状语等。中考主要考宾语、定语、状语从句。注意引导词、语序和时态。
初中英语句子成分分析练习
巩固练习 同义句转换
1.There is only a chair in the room.同义句转换
There is _________ _________a chair in the room..
2. Mrs.Smith is busy. She is doing her housework now.
Mrs.Smith is_________ _________ her housework now.
3.The teacher said，“Don’t cheat in exams，children!”
The teacher told the children _________ _________ cheat in exams.
4.Nick was so tired that he couldn’t walk any further. 全品中考网
Nick was _____________________________ any further.
5.We can’t finish the project on time unless you support us.
The project can’t be finished on time ______________________________.
6.Shall we watch the exciting ping-pong match together?
______________________________watch the exciting ping-pong match together?
7.My cousin usually walks to school every morning. 改为同义句
My cousin usually goes to school _________ _________ every morning. 对划线部分提问
__________ _________is your friend?
9. “Are you going to visit Zi Gong next Week?”Father asked me.改为间接引语
Father asked me __________I________going to visit Zi Gong next week. 对划线部分提问
___________ _________you use to stay on family holidays?
11.James spent ten years making this amazing film保持句意基本不变
__________ _________James ten years to make this amazing film.
12.Chris has gone to South Africa to enjoy the 2010 World Cup.
Karen has gone to South Africa to enjoy the 2010 World Cup, too. 合并为一句
_________Chris _________Karen have gone to South Africa to enjoy the 2010 World Cup.
13.Visitors love this city because it has historical sights and delicious food.改为简单句
Visitors love this city__________ _________its historical sights and delicious food.
14. 对划线部分提问
___________________from Fukang to Unmnqi by bus? 对划线部分提问
_______________this new puter __________________?
16、不同句子结构的转换，主要指简单句、并列句和复合句间的转换
1We found him a good pupil. We found _______ ______ _______ a good pupil.
2The room is so *** all that my family can't live in it.
The room isn't ______ _______ ____ my family ___ live in.
The room is ______ *** all ________ my family _______ live in.
3His grandfather died ten years ago. It ____ ten years ___ his grandfather ______ .
4I'm not sure what I should do next. I'm not sure _____ ___ ____ next.
5Hurry up, or you'll miss the train. ___ you ___ hurry up, you'll miss the train.
17、根据句意的转换
1 Yesterday everyone of us went to the farm except Lucy.
________ Lucy _______ go to the farm with us yesterday.
2Sam is friendly to his clas *** ates and his clas *** ates are friendly to him.
Sam _______ ______ well with his clas *** ates.
3Lily was born ten minutes earlier than I was. I am ten minutes _______ than Lily.
4English is spoken by the largest number of people in the world.
English _____ the largest number of ________ in the world.
5It's your turn to do it. It's _____ ____ you to do it.
6 It rained heavily last night. There ______ _____ _____ last night.
7 The building is beautiful and there are many tall trees around it.
The building _____ many tall trees all _______ is beautiful.
8 I spent two hours reading the book yesterday.
_____ ______ me two hours ______ _____ the book yesterday.
9 He bought the book two weeks ago. He _____ _____ the book ____ two weeks.
10 You're very kind to help me with my maths.
___ __ very kind ___ you ___ help me with my maths.
11 My grandfather died ten years ago.
My grandfather ______ ______ ______ ______ ten years ago.
12 I think it is different from Chinese names. I don't think it is _____ _____ as Chinese names.
13 They planted millions of trees to save the farmland.
They planted millions of trees _____ _____ the farmland _____ ____ saved.
15The man thinks the same as I. The man ______ ______ me.
D. 初中英语语法句子成分
语法是语言词与句构成规律的 总结 。它是学习一门语言的基础,学好语法是学习者有效输出的前提和有力保证。下面是我带来的初中英语语法 句子 成分，欢迎阅读!
初中英语语法句子成分精选
一、句子成分精讲
句子成分：主语、谓语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、补语等。
主要成分：主语和谓语
1、主语
一个句子中需要加以说明或描述的对象。主语的位置：
The school is far from here. 名词做主语
She goes to school by bike.
Eight is a lucky number.
The blind need more help. 代词做主语 数词做主语 名词化的形容词做主语
There is a pen on the desk. 名词做主语
Predicting the future is interesting.
To be a doctor is my dream.
2、谓语
表示人或事物(主语)的动作和存在的状态.
英语中由动词be、动词have和行为动词来充当谓语动词 句子的时态和语态是通过谓语表现出来。
谓语动词往往由一个或一个以上的构成。 分析句子的主语和谓语
Mr. Li teaches English.
He can play the piano.
My parents and I are having dinner.
3、表语
用来说明主语的身份、特征、性质、状态。
表语的位置
用在动词be和系动词的后面。
名词、代词、数词、介词 短语 、副词等都可以和连系动词一起构成复合谓语。 Your pen is on the desk.
He got very angry.
My dream is to have a robot. 动名词做主语 不定式短语做主语
常见的系动词
1. be动词
2. 与感觉有关的动词 look, sound, smell, taste, feel 等
3. 表示状态变化的动词，意为“变得” “变成” 如 get, grow, turn等
上述两类词作连系动词时要用形容词作表语,千万不能用副词。
4、宾语
是动作的对象或承受者。.
及物动词:直接接宾语的谓语动词.
不及物动词:不能直接带宾语的谓语动词.
宾语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、从句构成.
I saw a plane in the sky just now.
I want three. 名词做宾语 数词做宾语
I like going shopping. 动名词做宾语
We think predicting the future is hard.
5、宾语补足语(宾补) 宾语从句
有些及物动词除了要有一个宾语之外, 还须加上一个补足语。如果没有补足语(宾补), 有时候句子的意思就不完整。 充当宾补的有:
1. 形容词作宾语补足语
The sun keeps us warm.
2. 介词短语作宾语补足语:
I found her in the room.
3. 副词作宾语补足语。
Please let him in.
4. 名词作宾语补足语。
We made him monitor of the class.
5. 动词不定式和分词也能用作宾语补足语。
I asked him to come.
6、定语
定语修饰名词或代词(即在汉语里的……的)
1. 形容词作定语(一般放在被修饰语之前,修饰不定代词时放在后面)
They have a clever son.
I have something important to tell you.
2. 名词作定语:
Is it a color film?
名词作定语一般用单数形式, 如:
school bus, ticket office, paper flowers
但也有例外,如: sports meeting, clothes shop
man 和 woman修饰的名词如果是复数,它们总以复数的形式作定语,如:
men drivers , women doctors
3. 代词作定语:
This song is better than that one.
4. 数词作定语:
There are only thirty students in our class.
带有数字的复合形容词.当复合形容词用连字号连接时,其中的名词要用单数形式.
a two-day holiday a three-year-old boy
5. 副词作定语():
Do you know the young man over there?
6. 介词短语作定语(放在被修饰词之后):
The students in our class like swimming.
7、状语
, .
1. 副词作状语:
The old man is walking slowly.
The boy is very clever.
2. 介词短语作状语: 表方式 表程度
I have lived in Shanghai for five years.
3. 不定式作状语 表时间
I come here to see you.
4. 现在分词作状语 表目的
The teacher came in, holding a book in his hand. 表方式
5. 状语从句
We’ll go shopping if it doesn’t rain tomorrow.
状语的位置
1. 在一般情况下,用于句末。
We like our school very much.
2.为了强调状语,可以把它放在句首.
I usually get up at six, but this morning I got up at eight.
3. 表频度的副词通常用于句中, 如always, usually, often, hardly, never,
用于行为动词前,be动词、助动词和情态动词后
I usually get up early.
He is often late.
一些副词, 如already, once, just, soon, yet, still, nearly, almost, really, suddenly, certainly等用法相似 sometimes, now可以位于句首,句中或句末
only 在句中的位置比较灵活, 但位置不同, 意义也不同.
The actor only sang a song.
Only the actor sang a song.
The actor sang only one song.
两个或多个状语同时修饰时的顺序
1. 地点状语在前, 时间状语在后.
We will have a meeting in Room 202 tomorrow.
2. 较小单位的状语在前,由小到大
Mr. Li lives at 88 Chongwen Rd., Suzhou, Jiangsu.
3. 一个句子有几个不同种类的副词作状语, 其顺序大都是: 程度副词,方式副词, 地点副词, 时间副词 She sang very well at the meeting last night.
时间和地点状语也可以位于句首, 表示强调或使上下文更为连贯
Usually I read the newspapers in the morning, but yesterday I read them in the evening.
初中英语语法句子成分练习
初中英语语法综合练习题
1、 A.ask B.answer C.to ask
2、We'll try there on time.
A.to get B.getting C.got
3、They hoped their mother soon.
A.to see B.saw C.seeing
4、I'm glad A.meet B.met C.to meet
5、He often helps me my bike.
A.mending B.to mend C.to mended
6、I heard Alice in the next door.
A.sings B.sang C.sing
7、 it by himself.
A.do B.to do C.doing
8、He saw Dick in and take a book away.
A.came B.coming C.come
9、Does Jack want A.be B.is C.to be
10、The boss had them A.worked B.working C.work
11、It's time A.to go B.went C.going
12、 you.
A.to help B.help C.helped
13、Don't forget your books to school.
A.bring B.to bring C.brought
14、I don't know A.where does he live B.what is he doing
C.where he lives D.what he is dring it
15、Ask him how much A.did it cost B.cost it C.it costed D.it costs
16、 used for.
A.what was this room B.which was this room
C.what this room was D.that this room was
17、I really don't know A.where he was born B.where he is born
C.where was he born D.where is he born
18、We have no idea A.how worried was he B.how worried he was
C.that was he worried D.what was he worried
19、He wanted to know there.
A.how long time I had been B.how long had I been
C.how long I had been D.how long I was
20、My mother wants to know A.how is Tom getting along B.how he is getting along(相处)
C.what is he getting along D.what he is getting along
21、What shall we do A.if B.when C.since
22、手术 was over.
A.before B.after C.until
23、 A.when B.until C.because
24、 A.if B.while C.because
25、Finish doing your homework A.before B.until C.after
26、The film was
A.as, as B.So(形容词), that C.Such(名词), that
27、he heard a girl crying for help outside, he rushed out of the room.
A.Before B.As soon as C.after
28、There are in Class Two.
A.as many, than B.as much, as
C.more, than D.so many, as
29、I was watching TV, my sister was litening to the radio programme.
A.After B.While C.Before
30、Let's wait for him A.until, will come B.until, came
C.if, will come D.until, comes