语法全练高中版答案英语怎么说

4. 语法填空英语怎么说

语法填空是英语考试中其中一道题目，用英语翻译过来又是怎么拼写的呢?下面是我给大家整理的语法填空英语怎么说，供大家参阅!

语法填空英语怎么说

Grammar filling

英语语法填空1

Practice makes perfect!

Will _1_ matter if you don't take your breakfast Recently a test __2___ (give) in the United Sates. Those tests included people of different ____3___ from 12 to 83. During the experiment, these people were given all kinds of breakfasts, and sometimes they got __4_ breakfast at all. Special tests were set up to see ___5___ well their bodies worked and when they had eaten__6_certain kind of breakfast. The results show that if a person eats a proper breakfast, he or she will work with better effect ___7__ if he or she has no breakfast. This fact appears to be ______8______ (especial) true if a person works ___9__ his brains. For example, if a student eats fruit, eggs, bread and milk before going to school, he will learn more quickly and listen with___10__ (much) attention in class.

it

were given

ages

no

how

a

than

especially

with

more

备考策略

1.不断记忆,积累词汇.

语法填空题对单词提出了比以前更高的要求,它不但要求考生认识单词,还要求能写出一些要求的单词.这就要求考生平时不断地记忆单词,不断地积累词汇,千方百计地把我们的词汇量提高上去.考试时才能随心所欲的写出单词,填出固定搭配.

2.夯实基础,学好语法.

英语的基础知识琐碎繁杂,不是一朝一夕就能掌握的,它要求我们平时多听,多读,多记,夯实自

己的基础知识;我们还要坚定不移地加强语法的学习,尤其是长句,难句,复杂句的分析.只有这样,才能为综合能力的提高打下坚实的基础.

3.大声朗读,培养语感.

语感是一种对语言,语段或词句的感受能力,是一种看不见摸不着的东西,但在做完形填空题时又是必不可少的东西.娴熟的语感的形成不是一蹴而就的,要在平时的学习过程中多听,多读,尤其是大声朗读犹为重要.在早读或晚读时间,抛开顾忌,放开喉咙,大声朗读,对培养语感是非常重要的.如果通过朗读能够多背诵一些课文是再好不过的了.语感在你的朗读和背诵课文的过程中,不知不觉地逐步形成了.

4.坚持不懈,多做练习.

语法填空是一种新题型,考生在前几年都不曾练过的.但是高考中又占了总分的十分之一,非常重要.因此要求考生在考前一段时间要大量练习这种题型,不断练习,不断总结,不断提高,高考时才能处变不惊,轻松应对.

练习与思考

解答语法填空的八条思路

1.根据语法知识进行填空

2.根据逻辑关系进行填空

3.根据语篇标志进行填空

4.根据固定词组进行填空

5.根据句型搭配进行填空

6.根据词汇知识进行填空

7.根据生活常识进行填空

8.根据文化背景进行填空

英语语法填空2

A proverb says, "Time is money". But in my opinion, time is even 1 ____ precious than money. Why 2 _______ when money is spent, we can earn it back. However, when time is 3 _____ , it will never return. 4 _____ is known to all that the time we can use is limited. Therefore we should make

5 _________ use of our time to study hard so as to serve our country in 6 _____ future.

But it is a pity that there are a lot of people

7 _____ do not realize the value of time. They

8 ___________ their precious time smoking, drinking and playing.

In a word, we should form the good habit of

9 _______ (save) time. Do not put off what can be done today 10 ________ tomorrow.

more

Because

gone

It

good / full

the

who

spend / waste

saving

till / until

1.由than可知,

precious要用比较级,多音节形容词的比较级前加more,故此题答案为more.

2. 因前句用Why提问,应当用because来回答,故此题答案是because

3. 由表示转折however的可知,是指当时间失去的时候,表示"失去"是gone.

4.填it,形式主语,真正主语是后面由that引导的主语从句

5.有表示结果的Therefore可知,应充分利用时间,故用形容词full或good来修饰名词.

6. 表示"在将来",固定短语in the future

7.因there are是个句子,do not …应是一个定语从句,从句缺主语,先行词是人,应填入 who.

8.由time smoking可想到是spend

/waste time (in) doing句型,这是由spend

/waste的用法所决定的;这里是一般现在时,主语是复数,填spend

/waste

9. 因of是介词,介词后的动词通常用

-ing形式,故填saving

10.结合生活常识,不难理解句意为"不要把今天能做的事情推迟到明天做",答案自然是表示"直到"的until/till.

学习建议:

1,掌握单词,词组

2,懂得分析句子结构

3,多听,多说,多读,多写,增强语感

5. 高中英语语法大全用英语怎么说

你好!
高中英语语法大全
High school English grammar

6. 高分追加！急求高中英语语法词汇一周一练答案！！

语法专项1

1-10 B C C B C D D D A C

11-20 D D D B B B A C B D

21-30 B B B C A C A C D B

31-40 C B A BA D CB A D

41-50 A D D A C B D A B C

51-60 B A B C C B B D C D

61-70 A B B A B A C C A A

71-80 D A B A A B A B A D

词汇A B D E I F H C A J

词汇B C G B E I J H D A

词汇C F J I E C B D A H

完型 A B C A D B C D A C A D B C A

语法专项2

1-10 C C C A C D B B D A

11-20 B B D D A A D A D B

21-30 C B D C C D D C B B

31-40 D D D B B B C A C D

41-50 A D D C A D A D D D

51-60 B B C C C C C C B C

61-70 B B A B C C D D A B

71-80 B C C A C C D C A B

词汇A H I F B J E G D A

词汇B E B H A F I G J C

词汇C I B J C H A G D E

完型 C A B D A C D C A B D A B C D

语法专项3

1-10 A B C D B D C B D C

11-20 B C D B A A C B C B

21-30 B B C B A D B C D C

31-40 B D C B C A C D D A

41-50 A B D C C D B A A A

51-60 C A A B B B A C C C

61-70 B C A B C A B C B A

71-80 C B C C B A B A C D

词汇A B F C D I H A J G

词汇B H D C I G B E J A

词汇C C B G E H F A I J

完型 B D D A C B D A C B A D AB C

语法专项4

1-10 C D C C A C A A C D

11-20 C C B B B C C A D B

21-30 C A A A B C A B B C

31-40 C A D A A C C A B B

41-50 C B B C D D A D C B

51-60 D C D D D B D A B D

61-70 A D C C D C D C C A

71-80 C A B C C C C A A C

词汇A G B C F E D H I A

词汇B G C D B H I E A F

词汇C C E A B H D J G I

完型 B C A A B C A B D D A C B A B

语法专项5

1-10 C A B B A B D C C B

11-20 C A A B A B A B D C

21-30 B A D D A C A B B C

31-40 A C B B B D C A D D

41-50 C A D C C A C A C B

51-60 C A A A B C B B A B

61-70 C A D A A C B B B B

71-80 B B C D A B D A D B

词汇A D I C A B E G F H

词汇B I E F J H G D A B

词汇C H A E I J G C D F

完型 B D C A D C B C A B C A C B C

7. 请问谁有这本高中英语语法专练第五版的答案急求！需要做题对答案！谢谢！

具体的资料没有，但是以下一些复习方法希望对你有帮助。加油，不管在哪里上学，最主要的还是要学会复习，有一套自己的复习方法很重要的，手里有再好的资料，有名师上着课，如果不复习，那效果也是不行的，以下一些复习方法，希望能帮到你：
一、回归课本为主， 找准备考方向
学生根据自己的丢分情况，找到适合自己的备考方向。 基础差的学生，最好层层追溯到自己学不好的根源。 无论哪个学科， 基本上都是按照教材层层关联的， 希望基础不好的同学以课本为主，配套练习课本后的练习题，以中等题、简单题为辅、 逐渐吃透课本，也渐渐提高信心。只要把基础抓好， 那么考试时除了一些较难的题目悔桥， 基本上都可以凭借能力拿下，分数的高低仅剩下发挥的问题。
二、循序渐进，切忌急躁
在复习的时候， 由于是以自己为主导， 有时候复习的版块和教学进度不同，当考试时会发现没有复习到的部分丢分严重。导致成绩不高。 但是已经复习过的版块，却大多能够拿下。这就是进步,不要因为用一时的分数高低做为衡量标准，复习要循序渐进，不要急躁。复习就像修一 条坑坑洼洼的路， 每个坎坷都是障碍，我们只有认真的从起点开始，按照顺序慢慢推平。哪怕前面依旧沟整，但是当你回头的时候，展现在你眼前的是一条康庄大道。基本上， 如果纯做题的话， 1 -2个月时间就能把各科的试题从第一章节到最后一个章节摸得差不多。
三、合理利用作业试题、 试卷
简单题、中等题一方面可以印证、检验自己的基础知识体系， 又一方面可以提升我们复习的信心。在选择作业上，简单题、中等题尤其是概念理解应用题一 定要自己动手做，还要进行总结。 难题可以参考答案， 但要认真思考其中的步骤推导思想和转化思想，这些都是考试所考察的。语文要充分利用试卷，其中的成语、病句要注重收集，文言文虚实词记得要摘录。英语单词注意把正确选项带人念熟。 同时思考阅读、完型题是如何找到有效的原文信息，他们有何特点和提示点? 要这么去利用每一次作业和试卷，那么成绩将会短期圆樱内提高。
四、建立信心， 不计一时得失
有些学生自认为自己是差生， 无可救药碧腔猛了。但是事实上往往不是这样。有些学生认为自己天生比别人笨， 不如别人聪明。也许在某一方面上确实是有自身的缺陷，但是却忽略了自己的优势所在。为了自己心中那份或许并不是十分确定的梦想，一定要打起精神。前面也说过，考试不要记一时得失，而是要不断的总结归纳。中等生，只要你不放弃，找到自己的缺陷，严格给自己定下复习要求并认真执行，就能达到。

8. 巜高中英语语法填空专项训练》的非谓语练习部分第五题答案是什么

2010—2011 学年中考英语专项练习之非谓语动词 非谓语动词指在句中不充当谓语的动词，它不受主语的限制，但有时态和语态的告判变化。非谓语动词包括 三种形好汪式：分词、动词-ing 形式和动词不定式。 【练习袜袜改】 Ⅰ. 单项选择 ( ) 1. — Would you like to have dinner with me? — Sorry, I have a lot of housework . A. to do B. done C. do D. to be done ( ) 2. — I tried to make Kate her mind, but I found it hard. — Well, I saw you that when I went past. A. changes; do B. changes; doing C. to change; do D. change; doing ( ) 3. — Oh, I had a terrible toothache. — You’d better see a doctor and have your bad teeth out. A. go to; pulling B. to go to; pulled C. go to; pulled D. to go to; pulling ( ) 4. — Mr Wang, I have trouble the text. — Remember it three times before you begin to understand it. A. to understand; reading B. understanding; reading C. understanding; to read D. to understand; to read ( ) 5. Don’t worry. We will do anything we can you. A. help B. to help C. be helped D. helped ( ) 6. — Did you let anyone the flowers? — Yes, I had the flowers . A. to water; water B. to water; watered C. water; to be watered D. water; watered ( ) 7. Would you mind me a favour? A. do B. to do C. doing D. did ( ) 8. — Why not the Music Club? — Sorry, I can’t sing or dance. A. to join B. join C. joining D. join in ( ) 9. No matter how hard it is, we’ll keep until we make it. A. failed B. failing C. tried D. trying ( )10. What happened to the boy? He tried my questions. A. to avoid answering B. avoiding answering C. to avoid to answer D. avoiding to answer ( )11. We couldn’t help when Uncle Wang told us the news. A. laugh B. laughed C. laughing D. to laugh ( )12. — What should I do, doctor? — healthy, you should take more exercise. A. Keep B. Keeping C. To keep D. Having kept ( ) 13. It took my daughter two weeks the novels by Liu Yong. A. read; written B. to read; written C. reading; to write D. to read; wrote ( )14. — Will you please show me how to do the role-play exercise? — Sure. Now let me tell you first. A. which to do B. how to do C. when to do D. what to do ( )15. When class begins, we stop to the teacher carefully. A. listening B. to listen C. listens D. listen Ⅱ. 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. I’m very glad (hear) that great changes have taken place in the past 30 years in our home town. 2. He was made (finish) a lot of work ring the holiday. 3. You’d better (not take) the trousers away. Try them on first. 4. Now all the students are very busy (get) ready for the coming exam. 5. Has the doctor allowed her (get) out of bed? 6. I feel like (give) up Maths because it’s hard to learn. 7. That’s the end of the programme. Thanks for (listen). 8. (do) morning exercises is good for our health. 9. We are looking forward to (meet) a new classmate from America. 10. It’s very kind of you (tell) me about it. 11. — Hi, Mr Wang, could you help me (work) out the problem? — OK, let me try. 12. I don’t think it easy for her (finish) the work in two days. 13. The doctor advised me (not eat) too much candy. 14. Look! There is a pet dog (lie) on the ground. Let’s go and play with it. 15. If you want to be healthy, you are supposed to give up (smoke). Key： Ⅰ. 1-5 ADCCB 6-10 DCBDA 11-15 CCBDB Ⅱ. 1. to hear 2. to finish 3. not take 4. getting 5. to get 6. giving 7. listening 8. Doing 9. meeting 10. to tell 11. (to) work 12. to finish 13. not to eat 14. lying 15. smoking 

9. 高分求 高中英语语法与练习 电子版

动词的时态)

11.1 一般现在时的用法

1） 经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频度的时间状语连用。时间状语： every…, sometimes, at…, on Sunday。例如：

I leave home for school at 7 every morning. 每天早上我七点离开家。

2） 客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。例如：

The earth moves around the sun. 地球绕太阳转动。

Shanghai lies in the east of China. 上海位于中国东部。

3） 表示格言或警句。例如：

Pride goes before a fall. 骄者必败。

注意：此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。

例：Columbus proved that the earth is round. 哥伦布证实了地球是圆的。

4） 现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。例如：

I don't want so much. 我不要那么多。

Ann writes good English but does not speak well.
安英语写得不错，讲的可不行。

比较：Now I put the sugar in the cup. 把糖放入杯子。

I am doing my homework now. 我正在做功课。

第一句用一般现在时，用于操作演示或指导说明的示范性动作，表示言行的瞬间动作。第二句中的now是进行时的标志，表示正在进行的动作的客观状况，所以后句用一般现在时。

11.2 一般过去时的用法

1）在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。例如：时间状语有：yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982等。例如：

Where did you go just now? 刚才你上哪儿去了？

2）表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。例如：

When I was a child, I often played football in the street.
我是个孩子的时候，常在马路上踢足球。

Whenever the Browns went ring their visit, they were given a
warm welcome.

那时，布朗一家无论什么时候去，都受到热烈欢迎。

3）句型：It is time for sb. to do sth "到……时间了" "该……了"。例如：It is
time for you to go to bed. 你该睡觉了。

It is time that sb. did sth. "时间已迟了" "早该……了" ，例如帆枝It is time you
went to bed. 你早该睡觉了。

would （had） rather sb. did sth. 表示'宁愿某人做某事'。例如：I'd rather you
came tomorrow.还是明天来吧。

4） wish, wonder, think, hope 等用过去时，作试探性的询问、请求、建议等，而一般过去时表示的动作或状态都已成为过去，现已不复存在

。例如：I thought you might have some. 我以为你想要一些。

比较：Christine was an invalid all her life.（含义：她已不在人间。）

Christine has been an invalid all her life.（含义：她现在尘冲还活着）

Mrs. Darby lived in Kentucky for seven years.
（含义：达比太太已不再住在肯塔基州。）

Mrs. Darby has lived in Kentucky for seven years.
（含义：现在还住在肯塔基州，有可能指刚离去）

注意：态兄敏 用过去时表示现在，表示委婉语气。

1）动词want, hope, wonder, think, intend 等。例如：

Did you want anything else? 您还要些什么吗？

I wondered if you could help me. 能不能帮我一下。

2）情态动词 could, would。例如：

Could you lend me your bike? 你的自行车，能借用一些吗？

11.3 used to / be used to

used to + do："过去常常"表示过去习惯性的动作或状态，但如今已不存在。例如：

Mother used not to be so forgetful. 老妈过去没那么健忘。

Scarf used to take a walk. 斯卡夫过去常常散步。

be used to + doing：对……已感到习惯，或"习惯于"，to是介词，后需加名词或动名词。例如：

He is used to a vegetarian diet.

Scarf is used to taking a walk. 斯卡夫现在已习惯于散步了。

典型例题

---- Your phone number again? I ___ quite catch it.

---- It's 69568442.

A. didn't B. couldn't C. don't D. can't

答案A. 本句虽没有明确的时间状语，但从语意上看出，在听的时候没有听懂这个动作发生在过去，因此应用过去时。

11.4 一般将来时

1） shall用于第一人称，常被will 所代替。will 在陈述句中用于各人称，在征求意见时常用于第二人称。例如：

Which paragraph shall I read first？ 我先读哪一段呢？

Will you be at home at seven this evening? 今晚七点回家好吗？

2） be going to +不定式，表示将来。

a. 主语的意图，即将做某事。例如：What are you going to do tomorrow? 明天打算作什么呢？

b. 计划，安排要发生的事。例如：The play is going to be proced next
month。这出戏下月开播。

c. 有迹象要发生的事。例如：Look at the dark clouds, there is going to be a
storm. 看那乌云，快要下雨了。

3） be +不定式表将来，按计划或正式安排将发生的事。例如：

We are to discuss the report next Saturday.我们下星期六讨论这份报告。

4） be about to +不定式，意为马上做某事。例如：

He is about to leave for Beijing. 他马上要去北京。

注意：be about to do 不能与tomorrow, next week 等表示明确将来时的时间状语连用。

11.5 be going to / will 用于条件句时，be going to表将来,will表意愿。例如：

If you are going to make a journey, you'd better get ready for it as soon as possible.

Now if you will take off your clothes, we will fit the new clothes on you in front of the mirror.

11.6 be to和be going to

be to 表示客观安排或受人指示而做某事，be going to 表示主观的打算或计划。例如：

I am to play football tomorrow afternoon. 明天下午我去踢球。（客观安排）

I'm going to play football tomorrow afternoon.
明天下午我想去踢球。（主观安排）

11.7 一般现在时表将来

1）下列动词come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return的一般现在时可以表示将来，主要用来表示在时间上已确定或安排好的事情。例如：

The train leaves at six tomorrow morning. 火车明天上午六点开。

When does the bus star? It stars in ten minutes. 汽车什么时候开？十分钟后。

2）以here, there等开始的倒装句，表示动作正在进行。例如：

Here comes the bus. = The bus is coming. 车来了。

There goes the bell. = The bell is ringing. 铃响了。

3）在时间或条件句中。例如：

When Bill comes （不是will come）, ask him to wait for me. 比尔来后，让他等我。

I'll write to you as soon as I arrive there. 我到了那里，就写信给你。

4）在动词hope, take care that, make sure that等的宾语从句中。例如：

I hope they have a nice time next week. 我希望他们下星期玩得开心。

Make sure that the windows are closed before you leave the room. 离开房间前，务必把窗户关了。

11.8 用现在进行时表示将来

下列动词come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return等现在进行时可以表示将来。例如：

I'm leaving tomorrow. 明天我要走了。

Are you staying here till next week? 你会在这儿呆到下周吗？

11.9 现在完成时

现在完成时用来表示之前已发生或完成的动作或状态，其结果的影响现在还存在；也可表示持续到现在的动作或状态。其构成：have（has） +过去分词。

11.10 比较一般过去时与现在完成时

1）一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情，强调动作；现在完成时为过去发生的，强调过去的事情对现在的影响，强调的是影响。

2）一般过去时常与具体的时间状语连用，而现在完成时通常与模糊的时间状语连用，或无时间状语。

一般过去时的时间状语：yesterday, last week，…ago, in1980, in October, just
now等，皆为具体的时间状语。

现在完成时的时间状语：for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till/until, up to now, in past years, always等，皆不确定的时间状语。

共同的时间状语：this morning, tonight, this April, now, already, recently, lately 等。

3）现在完成时可表示持续到现在的动作或状态，动词一般是延续性的，如live, teach, learn, work, study, know.。

一般过去时常用的非持续性动词有come, go, leave, start, die, finish, become, get married等。例如：

I saw this film yesterday. （强调看的动作发生过了）

I have seen this film. （强调对现在的影响，电影的内容已经知道了）

Why did you get up so early? （强调起床的动作已发生过了）

Who hasn't handed in his paper? （强调有卷子未交，疑为不公平竞争）

He has been in the League for three years. （在团内的状态可延续）

He has been a League member for three years. （是团员的状态可持续）

句子中如有过去时的时间副词（如yesterday, last, week, in 1960）时，不能使用现在完成时，要用过去时。

（错）Tom has written a letter to his parents last night.

（对）Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night.

11.11 用于现在完成时的句型

1）It is the first / second time.... that…结构中的从句部分，用现在完成时。例如：

It is the first time that I have visited the city. 这是我第一次访问这城市。

This is the first time （that） I've heard him sing. 这是我第一次听他唱歌。

注意：It was the third time that the boy had been late.

2）This is +形容词最高级+that…结构，that 从句要用现在完成时。例如：

This is the best film that I've （ever） seen. 这是我看过的最好的电影。

典型例题

（1） ---Do you know our town at all? ---No, this is the first time I ___ here.

A. was B. have been C. came D. am coming

答案B. This is the first time 后面所加从句应为现在完成时，故选B。

（2） ---Have you ____ been to our town before? ---No, it's the first time I ___ here.

A. even, come B. even, have come C. ever, come D. ever, have come

答案D. ever意为曾经或无论何时，反意词为never，此两词常用于完成时。

注意：非延续性动词的否定形式可以与表示延续时间的状语连用。即动作不发生的状态是可以持续的。

（错）I have received his letter for a month.

（对）I haven't received his letter for almost a month.

11.12 比较since和for

Since 用来说明动作起始时间，for用来说明动作延续时间长度。例如：
I have lived here for more than twenty years.我住在这儿二十多年了。
I have lived here since I was born. 我从出生起就住在这儿了。
注意：并非有for 作为时间状语的句子都用现在完成时。
I worked here for more than twenty years. （我现在已不在这里工作。）
I have worked here for many years.（现在我仍在这里工作。）
注意：用句型转换的方法，很容易排除非延续动词在有for/since结构的完成时中的误用。
1）（对） Tom has studied Russian for three years. = Tom began to study Russian three years ago, and is still studying it now.
2）（错） Harry has got married for six years. = Harry began to get married six years ago, and is still getting married now.
显然，第二句不对，它应改为 Harry got married six years ago. 或 Harry has been married for six years.
11.13 since的四种用法

1） since +过去一个时间点（如具体的年、月、日期、钟点、1980, last month, half past
six）。例如：

I have been here since 1989. 1989起，我一直在这儿。

2） since +一段时间+ ago。例如：

I have been here since five months ago. 我在这儿，已经有五个月了。

3） since +从句。例如：

Great changes have taken place since you left. 你走后，变化可大了。

Great changes have taken place since we were here. 我们走后，变化可大了。

4） It is +一段时间+ since从句。例如：

It is two years since I became a postgraate student. 我考上研究生有两年了。

11.14 延续动词与瞬间动词

1） 用于完成时的区别

延续动词表示经验、经历； 瞬间动词表示行为的结果，不能与表示段的时间状语连用。例如：

He has completed the work. 他已完成了那项工作。 （表结果）

I've known him since then. 我从那时起就认识他了。（表经历）

2） 用于till / until从句的差异

延续动词用于肯定句，表示"做……直到……" 瞬间动词用于否定句，表示"到……，才……"。例如：

He didn't come back until ten o'clock. 他到10 点才回来。

He slept until ten o'clock. 他一直睡到10点。

典型例题

1. You don't need to describe her. I ___ her several times.

A. had met B. have met C. met D. meet

答案B. 首先本题后句强调对现在的影响，我知道她的模样，你不用描述。再次，several
times告知为反复发生的动作，因此用现在完成时。

2. ---I'm sorry to keep you waiting.

---Oh, not at all. I ___here only a few minutes.

A. have been B. had been C. was D. will be

答案A. 等待的动作由过去开始，持续到现在，应用现在完成时。

11.15 过去完成时

1） 概念：表示过去的过去

----|----------|--------|----> 其构成是had +过去分词构成。 那时以前 那时 现在

2） 用法

a. 在told, said, knew, heard, thought等动词后的宾语从句。例如：

She said （that）she had never been to Paris. 她告诉我她曾去过巴黎。

b. 状语从句

在过去不同时间发生的两个动作中，发生在先，用过去完成时；发生在后，用一般过去时。例如：

When the police arrived, the thieves had run away. 警察到达时，小偷们早就跑了。

c. 表示意向的动词，如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等，用过去完成时表示"原本…，未能…"。例如：

We had hoped that you would come, but you didn't. 那时我们希望你能来，但是你没有来。

3） 过去完成时的时间状语before, by, until , when, after, once, as soon
as。例如：

He said that he had learned some English before. 他说过他以前学过一些英语。

By the time he was twelve, Edison had began to make a living by himself. 到了十二岁那年，爱迪生开始自己谋生。

Tom was disappointed that most of the guests had left when he arrived at the party.

汤姆失望了，因为他到达晚会时，大部分客人已经走了。

典型例题

The students ___ busily when Miss Brown went to get a book she ___ in the office.

A. had written, left B，were writing, has left C. had written, had left D. were writing, had left

答案D.
"把书忘在办公室"发生在"去取书"这一过去的动作之前，因此"忘了书"这一动作发生在过去的过去，用过去完成时。句中when表示的是时间的一点，表示在"同学们正忙于……"这一背景下，when所引导的动作发生。因此前一句应用过去进行时。

注意： had hardly… when 还没等…… 就……。例如：

I had hardly opened the door when I he hit me. 我刚打开门，他就打了我。

had no sooner…than 刚…… 就……。例如：

He had no sooner bought the car than he sold it. 他刚买了这辆车，转眼又卖了。

11.16 用一般过去时代替过去完成时

1） 两个动作如按顺序发生，又不强调先后，或用then，and，but 等连词时，多用一般过去时。例如：

When she saw the mouse，she screamed. 她看到老鼠，就叫了起来。

My aunt gave me a hat and I lost it. 姑妈给了我一顶帽子，我把它丢了。

2 ） 两个动作相继发生，可用一般过去时；如第一个动作需要若干时间完成，用过去完成时。例如：

When I heard the news, I was very excited.

3） 叙述历史事实，可不用过去完成时，而只用一般过去时。例如：

Our teacher told us that Columbus discovered America in 1492.

11.17 将来完成时

1） 构成will have done

2） 概念

a. 状态完成：表示某事继续到将来某一时为止一直有的状态。例如：

They will have been married for 20 years by then. 到那时他们结婚将有二十年了。

b. 动作完成：表示将来某一时或另一个将来的动作之前，已经完成的动作或获得的经验。例如：

You will have reached Shanghai by this time tomorrow. 明天此时，你已经到达上海了。

11.18 现在进行时

现在进行时的基本用法：

a. 表示现在（指说话人说话时）正在发生的事情。例如： We are waiting for you. 我们正在等你。

b. 习惯进行：表示长期的或重复性的动作，说话时动作未必正在进行。例如：

Mr. Green is writing another novel. 他在写另一部小说。（说话时并未在写，只处于写作的状态。）

c. 表示渐变，这样的动词有：get, grow, become, turn, run, go, begin等。例如：

The leaves are turning red. 叶子在变红。

It's getting warmer and warmer. 天越来越热了。

d. 与always, constantly, forever 等词连用，表示反复发生的动作或持续存在的状态，往往带有说话人的主观色彩。例如：

You are always changing your mind. 你老是改变主意。

典型例题

My dictionary ___, I have looked for it everywhere but still___ it.

A. has lost, don't find B. is missing, don't find C. has lost, haven't found D. is missing, haven't found.

答案D. 前句是一个仍在持续的状态，应用进行时，由于没有找到，其影响仍然存在，应用完成时，瞬间动词用于否定式时可用于完成时。

11.19 不用进行时的动词

1）表示事实状态的动词，如have, belong, possess, cost, owe, exist, include,
contain, matter, weigh, measure, continue等。例如：I have two brothers. 我有两兄弟。

This house belongs to my sister. 这房子是我姐的。

2）表示心理状态的动词，如know, realize, think see, believe, suppose, imagine, agree, recognize, remember, want, need, forget, prefer, mean, understand, love, hate等。例如：I need your help. 我需要你的帮助。

He loves her very much. 他爱她很深。

3）瞬间动词，如accept, receive, complete, finish, give, allow, decide, refuse等。例如：

I accept your advice. 我接受你的劝告。

4）系动词，如seem, remain, lie, see, hear, smell, feel, taste, get, become, turn等。例如：

You seem a little tired. 你看上去有点累。

11.20 过去进行时

1）概念：表示过去某时正在进行的状态或动作。

2）过去进行时的主要用法是描述一件事发生的背景；一个长动作延续的时候，另一个短动作发生。

3） 常用的时间状语有this morning, the whole morning, all day yesterday, from nine to ten last evening, when, while等。例如：

My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself. 我兄弟骑车时摔了下来，受了伤。

It was raining when they left the station. 他们离开车站时，正下着雨。

When I got to the top of the mountain, the sun was shining. 我到达山顶时，阳光灿烂。

典型例题

1） Mary ___ a dress when she cut her finger.

A. made B. is making C. was making D. makes

答案C.
割伤手指是已发生的事情，应用过去时。同时，when表时间的同时性，"玛丽在做衣服时"提供事情发生的背景，因此用过去进行时。

2） As she ___ the newspaper, Granny ___ asleep.

A. read；was falling B. was reading； fell C. was reading； was falling D. read；fell

答案B.句中的as = when, while，意为"当……之时"。描述一件事发生的背景时，用过去进行；一个长动作发生的时候，另一个短动作发生。句意为 "在她看报纸时，奶奶睡着了。"句中的 fell（fall的过去时），是系动词，后跟形容词，如：fall sick.