歷史文化類英語閱讀解析
① 推薦幾本講述美國歷史與文化的英文書籍
1、《美國歷史與文化》
是2007年1月浙江大學出版社出版圖書，譯者是王加豐、周旭東。
主要內容提要：高等學校人才培養模式改革涉及的核心課題之一,是構建符合現代社會理念並能體現科技進步水平的教學知識體系。理想的大學教學知識體系應具有時代性、先進性、學術性和適切性,並且具體體現在能夠展現上述先進理念與特徵的教材體系與課程內容之中。
全書分為三篇,主要內容包括獨立戰爭與南北戰爭,環境保護和環境保護運動,清教精神與實用主義,發明創造和科學探索精神,喬治·華盛頓等。
2、《美國簡史》
是2013年1月1日安徽人民出版社出版的圖書，作者是王毅。該書是一部涉及政治、經濟、法律、宗教、文化等諸多領域的美國史書。
《美國簡史》是一部通俗、生動的美國史書，由北京新東方教師編著。作者以其淵博的知識，講述了從哥倫布發現新大陸至第二次世界大戰前的美國歷史，對這個時期的歷史事件、西方文明、科技發明以及美國的政治生活進行了深刻而獨到的描述。
還特別介紹了殖民地、獨立戰爭、南北戰爭以及美國發展時期的一些重要歷史人物。為了使讀者能夠了解每章內容概況，本書還附加200多幅彩色照片，這是與其他版本不同的地方。
3、《美國人：建國的經歷》
作者：(美)丹尼爾·J·布爾斯廷。原版名稱《The Americans：The National Experience》。
內容介紹：1944年，作者在芝加哥大學任教期間，他曾經有一個獨特的學術觀點，認為美國人實用主義和注重現實的民族性格，並非來自某種教條或信仰，而是在定居北美大陸的過程中，在環境的磨煉下自然形成了。這個觀點可能構成了他後來寫作《美國人》三部曲的主要動機。
這三部曲以150萬字的篇幅，全景式的展現了美國從殖民地一直到當代的400年間的歷史發展，引起了轟動。作者也因此確定了美國史專家的學術地位。這套三部曲獲得很多獎項，最後一本《民主歷程》還奪得了1973年普利策最佳歷史學著作。
4、《美國種族簡史》
是2011年11月9日中信出版社出版的圖書，作者是托馬斯·索威爾。
《美國種族簡史》作者在《美國種族簡史》一書中，用大量的史實、數字，深入淺出地講述了各個種族在美國的奮斗史、文化史，包括愛爾蘭人、德國人、義大利人、日本人、猶太人、華人、墨西哥人、黑人、波多黎各人等。
眾所周知，美國是世界文化的大熔爐。各個種族無論在基因上，還是在文化上都有其本國固有的特質。和其他種族比起來，這些固有的性質也使其在眾多種族共存的環境中凸顯出來。
5、《劍橋美國史》
一書由[英] 蘇珊-瑪麗·格蘭特所著，新星出版社出版發行。
作者在《美國種族簡史》一書中，用大量的史實、數字，深入淺出地講述了各個種族在美國的奮斗史、文化史，包括愛爾蘭人、德國人、義大利人、日本人、猶太人、華人、墨西哥人、黑人、波多黎各人等。
眾所周知，美國是世界文化的大熔爐。各個種族無論在基因上，還是在文化上都有其本國固有的特質。和其他種族比起來，這些有的性質也使其在眾多種族共存的環境中凸顯出來。
肯遠離祖籍國來到美國的人們，和他們周圍的人相比，更具有進取心，在面對困境時更主動，因此凸現出來的種族特點就更加明顯。
雖然個性或者思考方式很大程度上取決於人們所處的階級，但是依然呈現出很多通用的成功必備的品質，比如重視教育、勤奮、積極、重視經驗的傳遞，這適用於所有的行業。
在美國，種族成功的唯一出路是將自身傳統優勢發揮到極致，並堅持不懈地適應和改進。今天美國最富有的猶太人和日本人，無一不是這個經驗的充分實踐者。
本書1981年在美國出版，至今已30年。美國種族史具有超出種族本身的內涵，書中詳實的數據資料、對種族特點的分析和觀點直到現在仍不過時，並且對於經濟和文化越來越多元化的中國具有十分重要的意義。
參考資料來源：
網路-美國人：建國的經歷
網路-美國簡史
網路-美國歷史與文化
In the US, people prefer waiting for a table to sitting with people they don』t know. This means a hostess may not seat a small group until a small table is available, even if a large one is. If you are sitting at a table with people you don』t know, it is impolite to light up a cigarette without asking if it will disturb them.
At American restaurants and coffee shops you are usually served tap water before you order. You may find the bread and butter is free, and if you order coffee, you may get a free refill.
Most cities and towns have no rules about opening and closing time for stores or restaurants, though they usually do make rules for bars. Especially in large cities, stores may be open 24 hours a day.
Serving in restaurants is often large; too large for many people. If you can』t finish your meal but would like to enjoy the food later, ask your waitress or waiter for a 「doggie bag」. It may have a picture of a dog on it, but everybody knows you』re taking the food for yourself.
Supper and dinner are both words for the evening meal. Some people have 「Sunday dinner」. This is an especially big noon meal.
Tips are not usually added to the check. They are not included in the price of the meal, either. A tip of about 15% is expected and you should leave it on the table when you leave. In some restaurants, a check is brought on a plate and you put your money there. Then the waiter or waitress brings you your change.
1. Which statement is true?
A. American people like sitting with people they don』t know.
B. A hostess always seats a small group at a large table.
C. American people never sit with people they don』t know.
D. American people would not light a cigarette if the people who sit at the same table mind their smoking.
2. What is served before you order?
A. bread B. butter C. coffee D. cold water
3. What do American people always do when servings are too large for them?
A. They take the food home with a doggie bag for their dogs.
B. They leave the food on the table and go away.
C. They take the food home with a doggie bag and enjoy the food later.
D. They ask the waitress or waiter to keep the food for them.
4. Sunday dinner is_______.
A. a dinner in the evening B. A big noon meal
C. a big lunch on Sunday D. A supper on Sunday
這是一篇講美國人的用餐習俗的閱讀。
As you know different countries have different customs. Also there are many gestures showing many meanings in many countries. Here are a few examples of gestures. A fisherman in Britain will show the size of a fish he has caught by holding his two hands, palms(手掌) facing each other, the right distance apart in front of him. But the one from certain part of Africa will measure off the size along his left arm with his right hand. In Britain the gesture to show the number 「one」 is made by holding up the index finger (the second finger), but in Switzerland it is the thumb—the first finger which is held up. Some people point at objects with finger, others by sticking out the lips. The gesture for 「come here」 is made in Britain with the index finger, which is held, pointing upwards, at eye level and bent towards the body; in Egypt the hand is held at arm』s length, palm downwards, and the fingers are then bent. The difference between the movements is very important, and the meanings of the same gestures maybe opposite in different countries. It may bring trouble to those not well known with it.
1. This passage is mainly about _______.
A. different people in different countries B. how to understand the gestures in Britain
C. the different gestures D. how to show a gesture in Egypt
2Sometimes difference between the movements in different countries may bring about _______ to you.
A. a good luck B. a new world C. all ill effect D. happiness
3 How will the Africans express if the object』s size is longer than their left arms?
A. Take a string to show it. B. Keep silent.
C. Bring the object to the spot. D. In another way.
4According to the passage we should _______.
A. look before we leap B. pick and choose
C. strike while the iron is hot D. do in Rome as the Romans do
這是篇中西方習俗的。答案就先不給你發了，希望你認真做，等你做完以後可以把你的答案告訴我，我再告訴你正確的。
③ 英語閱讀。求解析
（A）
In the world ,soccer of football is the most popular sport. This is because many countries have wonderful teams for the World Cup. The World Cup is held every four years.
To remember 2002 FIFA World Cup ,children from different countries and more than 60 children from Japanese schools came together and spent three weekends drawing a big picture called 「Dream(夢幻) World Cups 」 Japan .The children drew animals, flowers and people playing soccer under a bule bright sky. They wished each football team good luck by drawing the flags(旗幟)of all the countries that will take part in the World Cup in Japan and South Korea.The picture was put up in a park near a playground in Yokohama .Some football teams will have games there.
Are you a football fan(迷)？The World Cup makeds more and more people interested in football Teenagers(青少年)like playing and watching football .Many of them love some football stars so much that they get the pictures of their favourite players on the walls of their rooms. That is the way to show their love for the World Cup as children in Japan.
1. If a country wants to take part in the World Cup ,she must have______.
A. Many football fans B. a very good team C. many football player D. a big playground
2. The next World Cup will be held in_______.
A. 2006 B. 2007 C. 2005 D. 2004
3. From the passage ,in the picture children drew many things except_________.
A. people playing football B. pictures of some football stars C. a sunny sky D. flowers
4. In 「Dream World Cup」,the children drew the flags of some countries______. </P p>
A. to show their love for their owe country
B. to tell the people their stories
C. to show their good wishes for the football teams
D. to show their new ideas about football
5.Many teenagers owe the pictures of some football stars because______.
A. they are interested in football B. they are football fans
C. they think their favourite players are great D. all of A,B and C
補充：
（B）
In 1826, a Frenchman named Niepce needed pictures for his business .But he was not a good artis .So he invented a very simple camera (照相機).He put it in a window of his house and took a picture of hia garden .That was the first photo.
The next important date in the history of photography (攝影術) was in 1837. That year, Daguere, another Frenchman ,took a picture of his reading room .He used a new kind of camera in a different way. In his picture you could see everything very clearly ,even the smallest thing. This kind of photo was called a Daguerreotype.
Soon, other people began to use Daguerre』s way. Travelers brought back wonderful photos from all around the world .people took picture of famous buildings, cities and mountains.
In about 1840, photography was developed .Then photographers could take picture of people and moving things .That was not simple .The photographers had to carry a lot of film and other machines. But this did not stop them ,for example, some in the United States worked so hard.
Mathew Brady was a famous American photographers. He took many picture of gread people .The picture were unusual beause they were very lifelike(栩栩如生的)
Photographers also became one kind of art by the end of the 19th century .Some photod were nor just cooies of the real world .They showed and feelings,like other kinds of art.
6. The first photo taken by Niepce was a picturte of ____________
A. his business B. his house C. his garden D. his window
7. The Daguerrotype was____________. </P p>
A. a Frenchman B. a kind of picture C. a kind of camera D. a photographer
8. If a photographer wanted to take pictures of moving things in the year of 1840j, he had to__________.
A. watch lots of films B. buy an expensive camera
C. stop in most cities D. take many films and something else with him.
9. Mathew Brady______________.
A. was very lifelike B. was famous for his unusual pictures
C. was quite strong D. took many pictures of moving people
10. This passage tells us_____________.
A. how photography was developed B. how to show your ideas and feelings in pictures
C. how to take pictures in the world D. how to use different cameras
補充：
（C）
Americans with small families own a small car or a large one. If both parents are working, they usually have two cars. When the family is large, one of the cars is sold and they will buy a van(住房汽車)
A small car can hold(容納)four persons and a large car can hold six persons but it is very crowded(擁擠). A van hold seven persons easily, so a family three children could ask their grandparents to go on a holiday travel They could all travel together.
Mr.Hagen and his wife had a third child last year. This made them sell a second car and bus a van. Their children sixth and seventh seat are used to put other things, for a family of five must carry many suitcases(衣箱)when they travel. When they arrive at their grandparents』 home , the suitcases are brought into the two seats can then carry the grandparents.
Americans call vans motor homes. A motor home is always used for holidays. When a family are traveling to the mountains or to the seaside, they can live in their motor home for a few days or to the seaside, they can live in their motor home for a few days or weeks. All the members of a big family can enjoy a happier life when they are traveling together. That is why motor homes have become very popular. In America there are many parks for motor homes.
11. From the passage, a van is also called ____________.
A. a motor car B. a motor home C. a motorbike D. a big truck
12. Before Mr. Hagen and his wife bought a van, they__________.
A. sold their old house B. moved to their grandparents』 house
C. built a new place for a van D. sold their second car
13. A motor home is usually owned by a family with__________.
A. a baby B. much money C. more than two children D. interest in vans
14. Americans usually use motor homer____________.
A. to travel with all the family members of holiday
B. to do some shopping with all the family members
C. to visit their grandparents at weekends
D. to drive their children to school every day
15. Motor homes have become popular because___________.
A. they can take people to another city when people are free
B. they can let families have a happier life when they go out for their holidays
C. some people think motor homes are cheap
D. big families can put more things in motor homes
補充：
（D）
Surtsey was born in 1963.Scientists saw the birth of this island. It began at 7.30 a.m. on 14th November. A fishing boat was near Iceland. The boat moved under the captain's（船長）feet. He noticed a strange smell. He saw some black smoke. A volcano（火山）was breaking out. Red-hot rocks, fire and smoke were rushing up from the bottom（底部）of the sea. The island grew quickly. It was 10 meters high the next day and 60 meters high on 18th November. Scientists flew there to watch. It was exciting. Smoke and fire were still rushing up. Pieces of red-hot rock were flying into the air and falling into the sea. The sea was boiling and there was a strange light in the sky. Surtsey grew and grew. Then it stopped in June 1967.It was 175 meters high and 2 kilometers long. And life was already coming to Surtsey. Plants grew. Birds came. Some scientists built a house. They want to learn about this young island. A new island is like a new world.
16. Surtsey is ______.
A. an island not far from Iceland B. a new volcano
C. a fishing boat D. a place in Iceland
17. Scientists flew there ______.
A. to watch the birth of the island B. to save the fishing boat
C. to learn about the island D. to build a house
18. When did scientist fly there to watch
A. Before the volcano broke out. B. As soon as the volcano broke out.
C. About four days after the volcano broke out. D. After the volcano stopped rushing up.
19. Put the following sentences in correct order.
a. The captain found the boat was moving. b. A new island appeared in the sea.
c. Fire, smoke and rocks were seen rushing up. d. A fishing boat was near Iceland.
e. The island grew quickly.
A. d-a-c-b-e B. a-b-c-d-e C .a-b-e-c-d D. b-e-d-a-c
20. The best title of this article is ________.
A. A new island B. The birth of an island
C. A new world D. Scientists discovered Surtsey
(E)
On Nov.18th,1908,three men went up in a balloon（氣球）.They started early in London. The headman was Augusta Gaudron, and the other two men were Tannar and Maitland. They had a big balloon and they were ready for a long way.
Soon they heard the sea. They were carrying the usual rope（繩子）,and it was hanging down from the basket of the balloon. At the end of the rope they had tied a metal box. This could hold water, or it could be empty. So they were able to change its weight（重量）.It was for use over the sea. They were also carrying some bags of sand.
After the sun rose, the balloon went higher. It went up to 3,000 metres, and the air was very cold. The water in the balloon became ice. Snow fell past the men's basket, and they could see more snow on the ground. The men tried to throw out some more sand; but it was hard. They tried to break the icy sand with their knives, but it was not easy. The work was slow and they were still falling, so they had to drop some whole bags of sand. One of them fell on an icy lake and made a black hole in the ice.
At last they pulled the box into the basket. It was still snowing; so they climbed to get away from the snow. They rose to 5,100 metres! Everything became icy. They were so cold that they decided to land. They came down in Poland heavily but safely. They had travelled 1,797 kilometers from London!
21. Three men flew in balloon ________.
A. for nearly 1,800 kilometers B. to another city
C. to visit Poland D. more than a century ago
22. The metal box was used for ________.
A. carrying the bags of sand『 』 B. keeping drinking-water
C. carrying ropes of the basket D. changing weight
23. When the balloon went up higher, ________.
A. the temperature of the balloon began to fall B. They saw the sun go down
C. They made a hole in the basket with their knives
D. They could see a black hole on the ground
24. The balloon landed ________.
A. in London B. on the sea C. on a lake D. in a foreign country
25. Which of the following is NOT true________
A. The three men started their journey before the sun rose.
B. The balloon began to go up when they threw bags of sand out of the basket.
C. When they pulled the box into the basket, the balloon began to climb up.
D. The three men had to land because they felt cold.
答案：
1．B 2．A 3．B 4．C 5．D 6． C 7．B 8．D 9．B 10． A 11．B 12．D 13． C 14．A 15． B 16.A 17.A 18.C 19.A 20.B 21.A 22.D 23.A 24.D 25.B
④ 英語閱讀解析
孩子你至少也得說清楚題目是中考題吧，具體看下面分析：
Audio digital books(有聲圖書) are becoming more and more popular these years. One of the reasons for this is that audio digital books can be 「read」 in many places comfortably.
The first favorite place of many people is in bed, before going to sleep. Many people like to
just lie in bed in the dark before they fall asleep at night. This would be the perfect time to listen to an audio digital book. If you read an ordinary book, the lights have to be turned on and you have to turn the pages with your hand. An audio book can just be listened to while a person stays comfortably in bed.
The next favorite place of many to listen to audio digital books would be in the kitchen. For some people kitchen chores are boring. Audio digital books provide good entertainment, and people don』t need to turn pages.
An audio digital book is a favorite while a person is gardening. They can help take a person』s mind off job at hand. It can be fun and exciting to do gardening with the help of these books.
An audio digital book is a favorite while a person is exercising. It allows the mind to be free while the legs, body and arms are kept busy. This would be a great place to listen to these books. 根據短文內容，判斷句子正(T)誤(F)（共5小題，每小題1分，滿分5分）
51．Audio digital books are becoming more and more popular these years.
52．People are able to enjoy their evening reading comfortably because of audio digital books.
53．People in the kitchen are too bored to listen to audio digital books.
54．Audio digital books are suitable for either gardeners or sportsmen to 「read」 while they are working.
55．The passage is mainly about where people like to 「read」 audio digital books. 答案：51~55 TFFFF
51正確。可在原文中找到原話，「有聲電子圖書這些年越來越受歡迎」。
52錯誤。原文中表達的意思為「在入睡前，有很多人喜歡在黑暗中單單躺在床上，而這時將會是人們聽有聲電子讀物的最佳時段。如果你閱讀的是普通讀物，你就得開著燈並且動手翻書。然而當聽有聲電子圖書時人們可以舒舒服服地躺在床上」。所以，原文的側重點是如何使人感到舒服，而不是題目中「由於有聲電子圖書的存在，人們能夠在晚上享受他們的閱讀時光」。要清楚的是文章中有聲圖書出現的時間點。
53錯誤。題目意思「人們在廚房太無聊了，不得不聽電子書」。原文中指出「有些人在廚房會感到無聊，而聽電子書則是個不錯的消遣」。題目表達的意思太絕對。
54錯誤。題目說「聽有聲電子圖書要麼在園藝工人工作的時候有用，要麼在運動員鍛煉的時候有用」。原文則是都有用，所以「either...or...」改成「both...and...」會正確。
55錯誤。按照正常的思路，這篇文章只是被截取的一部分。文章開頭的第二句表明接下來的內容是有聲電子圖書越來越受歡迎的原因之一是人們可以在很多地方舒舒服服地聽書。盡管文章看起來是在說哪些地方是人們喜歡「讀」書的地方，實際上卻是在解釋有聲讀書受歡迎的原因之一。
這道大題看著簡單，理解起來稍微有點難度。有問題再補充。希望能幫到你。
⑤ 英語閱讀解析！！！
我在高中也做過這篇英語閱讀，很高興再見到這篇閱讀。謝謝。
首先，你問題上集中在B和D，那麼，分析一下。
B說的是他們相信他們准備好了任何事。確實是，首先呢感覺B 符合文中的感情色彩，因為This was their last exam—then on to graation and jobs.
Some talked of jobs they already had, others talked of jobs they would get. With the certainty of four years of college, they felt ready and able to take control of the world.
The coming exam, they knew, would be an easy task, as the professor had said they could bring any books or notes they wanted, requesting only that they did not talk to each other ring the test.
但是，好好看了以後，你會了解到，其中，學生們不是准備好了任何事，文中只是說了他們已經大四了，有的有了工作，有的沒有工作，反正這次考試後他們會走向社會。這是一點；
還有的是，這次考試，老師說你可以帶書或者筆記，這讓同學們感覺這次考試必然通過。這是他們的感覺。這是其二。
你們老師說的也對，everything這也太絕對了，在選項中太絕對的詞一看就應該排除的。這是其三。
何況你可以理解，這篇文章只是說了這次考試，一次考試，開始他們很自信，因為他們認為很簡單，經過考試後，他們發現很難，都不會做。然後老師就給他們一個lesson，一個教訓。這才是本文的本質。你所說的那個也對，本質沒有什麼錯，prepare for everything，也就是准備好了考試，B范圍你自己感覺感覺，是不有點太大了。。好好想想。。。
而且做題要選最恰當的選項，理解嗎？？？
這是我的見解，希望你可以理解。好好加油學習英語奧~~
⑥ 英語閱讀理解，附加解析最好
21A
22C
23C
延伸:如何做英語閱讀理解
1，扎實做好細節題
在閱讀理解題中，又有相當一部分屬於事實或細節題，下面僅就這類題的正確解法作簡要說明。首先是直接理解性題目，這種題目比較簡單，只要通讀全文，了解文中所敘述的重要事實或細節，就可以解答出來，有的甚至可以從文章的原句中直接找到答案;另外還有一些題目要求對文中個別難詞、關鍵詞、片語或句子作出解釋或需要對有關的上下文提供的語境和信息、甚至對整篇文章的內容建立准確、立體的理解和判斷。
2，統覽全篇摘錄要點
閱讀理解是對整個文章的目的、意圖、觀點、立場、態度以及內在的邏輯關系的理解，而不是斷章取義的一孔之見，所以統覽全篇和問題是很有必要的，這些問題會給你提供信息或暗示文章中的一些重要細節。
在統覽全篇的同時要注意要點的摘錄，因為一些顯性的答案是可以從要點中直接回答，而隱性的答案則是要通過對全篇的理解才能得出。摘錄要點亦有利於檢查時節省時間。
3，注重理解解題方法
①直接解題法。即從原文中直接找出答案。
②歸納解題法。對於不能從原文中直接找出答案的可在把握全文中心和線索的前題下進行概括、歸納得出正確答案。
③綜合推理法。讀者需統觀全文，認真分析，綜合推理及至計算，最後歸納出正確答案。
題干中有"suggest,conclude,conclusion,probably,reason,because,accordingto「等字眼時，屬於推斷概括型，考查內容著眼於全篇，考生應具備一定的分析歸納，推理等邏輯思維能力。
④捕捉關鍵詞。在閱讀時應該注意與問題相關的同義詞，近義詞，反義詞或同位詞等信息詞來得出正確答案。
⑤轉換解題法。即原文這么說，而在問題和所給選項中則用另外的詞去轉換一種說法，但仍表示同一含義。
⑦ 歷史文化類的英語閱讀該如火如何教
文史相同，生硬的只教語法是不行的，要了解西方國家的歷史。尤其是文化史