在線英語短篇閱讀

① 英語長篇閱讀和短篇閱讀的區別

長篇要泛讀，短篇要精讀。長篇一般題比較容易找答案，但是篇幅長導致漏掉信息、時間不夠、單詞量過大。

② 英語短文在線閱讀

Iliketheprogram"AnimalWorld".Firstofall,Ilikeanimals,especiallysmallanimals.Secondly,.Thirdly,'tknownbefore.,suchas,,,peopleandanimal,.
..Wemustkeepnatureinbalance.
Pleasegiveyourlovetoanimals.Stopkillingthem.
我喜歡「動物世界」這個節目。首先，我喜歡動物，尤其是小動物。第二，主持人把節目辦得既生動又有趣。另一方面，通過這個節目，我知道了許多以前不知道的關於動物生活方面的事情，例如不同動物的不同生活習慣，人與動物之間、人與自然之間的關系，還有保護動物的意義。
我想說的是，動物是自然的一部分，它們與人類不可分割，我們必須保持生態平衡。
請把你們的愛給它們吧，不要殺害它們。

③ 急需短篇英語閱讀30篇 英語作文10篇..

My family(我的家庭) Hello, everyone, I』m Liu Dongdong. I』m a student. There are three people in my family— father, mother and I. My father is 40 years old. He is a worker. I think he is a good worker. Because he works very hard. He gets up very early every day and he works for more than 10 hours a day. So he is always busy, he looks very tired when he gets home. He likes reading newspapers. He usually reads it after supper. So he gets lots of news. My mother is 38 years old. She is a worker too. She works in a very small factory. She is not tall and she has two big eyes. She loves me and she is good for me. She always buys some books for me. She wants me to be a top student. She also cares for my diet and life. I』 m 15 years old. I wear glasses. I like reading. I always read books after school. I like singing, too. My favorite singer is Jay Chou. His music is very nice. What do you think of him? I also like making friends. If you want to meet me, please write to me. Oh, my parents love me and I love them, too. My family is a happy family. Our School Life I don』t think our school life is colorful. Because we』ve got so many classes every day. I wonder whether we can change our school life someday. You see, from Monday to Friday, I have to stay at school. the only relaxation is to listen to the radio or play ball games. At weekends, we need to go to school to have classes, too. I know it』s very important for us to study well now. As the saying goes, "All work and no play makes Jack a ll boy. "I want to step into the nature. I hope we will have more activities such as visiting museums, taking part in different kinds of contests, attending some lectures and so on. Is it only a dream? A NiceDay(美好的一天) Today is Monday.It is a nice day. In the morning, we had four classes，we had Chinese at 8:00o'clock. We had maths at8:50o'clock.we had English at9:30o'clock and Moral Ecation at10:30. In the afternoon，we had P.E at2:30,I really like P.E very much.oh,we had handwriting class on3:20. I like the day very much. It is a nice day and a happy day! Acat——Zhaocai (招財貓) There is a cat in our English school.Its name is Zhaocai.It is fat and very lovely.It has pointy ears,round eyes,white claws, and short but soft fur.It likes to keep itself clean by licking its fur.Zhaocai likes eating fish and meat. One day,I played a ball with my friend,but the ball fell down on the floor.Zhaocai saw the ball and ran to catch it.We saw it and laughed.Then we played with Zhaocai together. We were all very happy.We like zhaocai very much，because It is very cute and has brought us hap－piness. My Dream School I always feel tired after eight classes a day, so my dream school starts at 8:30 a.m. and ends at 3:30 p.m. There are three lessons in the morning and two in the afternoon. We can choose our favorite lessons to learn. We can spend more time doing some outside reading. The students do after-school activities for one and a half hours every day. We needn』t do a lot of homework. We are all happy to stay at school. Besides that, my dream school looks like a big garden. There are many kinds of flowers around the modern buildings. Sweet perfumes are diffused all around. If I want to have a rest, I can lie on the grass, listen to music by the lake or look out at the flowers from the classroom windows. The teachers here are kind and helpful. They are not only our teachers but also our good friends. The students are polite and friendly. We all know how to keep our school clean and tidy. There is no litter around the campus. I love my dream school. We will grow up to be happier there. MY BIRTHDAY (我的生日) Yesterday was my birthday, so some of my classmates sent me presents. Mother prepared a tea party for me. I invited all of them to come and take part in it.The tea party began at half past six. There were cold drinks and refreshments. We ate, talked and laughed. We felt that we were the happiest men in the world.Time passed quickly. In a twinkling, the clock on the wall struck nine. We could not but say 「Good-bye」 to one another. My Favourite Flower(我喜愛的花) My favourite flower is lily. Lily is the national flower of France. I like white lily best. Because it』s very beautiful and pure. I planted a white lily in my garden in spring. I watered it every day. It grew very fast. It was taller and taller. One day, I got home after school. The lily blossomed. It looked like an elegant fairy. I was too excited to cry, 「Oh, white fairy, white fairy!」 I couldn』t help dancing. At that night, I dreamt that I was a beautiful fairy. My favorite sport(我喜愛的運動) There are many kinds of sports that I enjoy, such as swimming,running, and dancing. However, the sport that I like most is football. football matches are going on here and there around the world. Pick up a newspaper and you can learn the the results of the football matches. We enjoy playing football, watching football games after work. During the football matches of the World Cup,millions of people watch the matches on TV. When their favorite teams win, they will give them three cheers. When they fail,they feel sad. We all hope our national team will be the strongest one in the world. And the last,in the all football star,i like Ronaldo best，he is cool! Football is a really great sport ,it can make us healthy,i really like it! My Happiest Day Today is Friday. It is my thirteenth birthday. I got up very early in the morning and put on my new clothes happily. My parents bought me the new clothes as my birthday presents. I went to school earlier than before. I invited many of my classmates to come to my birthday party in the evening. Evening came at last. Many of my classmate came to my home. they bought me lots of beautiful presents. they all said,"Happy birthday to you!" We sang birthday songs happily.then my parents brought out a big birthday cake, saying, "We love you for ever. Happy birthday!" At the end of the party, we ate the birthday cake and some other delicious food. How happy I was! My Good Friend Zhang Ying is my good friend. She』s in Class1, Grade4 of Tianjiao Primary School. She』s a model student. She』s clever and she』s helpful, too. She often helps teachers and young students at school. She is good at Chinese, maths, English, arts and crafts, music and so on. She has a lot of hobbies. She likes painting and drawing. And she likes listening to music, having picnics with her parents. Oh yeah, she likes fishing, too. But she doesn』t like playing basketball, football, table tennis or volleyball. Zhang Ying is the best friend of mine. I like playing with her. We always work together and help each other

④ 5篇英語課外閱讀小短文

不懂的問爸爸媽咪!

（ 1 ） Poor Man
Look at this man. What is he doing? He』 carrying a very big box. The box is full of big apples. He wants to put it on the back of his bike and take it home. Can he do that? No, I don』t think so. Why not? Because the box is too full and too heavy. Look! What』s wrong? He drops the box. Poor man!

（ 2 ） Kate
Kate is a new student. She is twelve. She is from America. She can speak English very well and she can speak a little Chinese. She is in Nanjing. Her parents are doctors. Kate is studying in a school near her home. She has classes from Monday to Friday. On Saturdays and Sundays, she often plays games with her Chinese friends. She loves China and her Chinese friends.

（ 3 ） Can you find Bob?
Hello, Betty. Please meet Bob at the station at nine o』clock tomorrow morning. Go to the big clock. Carry a green bag and wear a white hat. He』s not very tall but quite fat. He has short black hair and brown eyes. He also has glasses. He likes wearing blue trousers and a red sweater, Can you find him, Betty?
( 4 ) My Room
This is my room. Near the window there is a desk. I often do my homework at it. You can see some books, some flowers in a vase, a ruler and a pen. On the wall near the desk there is a picture of a cat. There is a clock above the end of my bed. I usually put my football under my bed. Of course there is a chair in front of the desk. I sit there and I can see the trees and roads outside.

( 5 ) What are they doing?
The White family is at home. Mrs White is in the kitchen. She is cooking. Mr White is sitting in a chair and reading the newspaper. Tom and his friend Dick are cleaning the bicycle. Jane and her friend Mary are in Jane』s bedroom. They are listening to a tape.

⑤ 英語閱讀，要短篇的~~~~~~

嘿嘿，不知道你需要幾年級的
I』ve loved my mother』s desk since I was just tall enough to see above the top of it as mother sat doing letters. Standing by her chair, looking at the ink bottle, pens, and white paper, I decided that the act of writing must be the more wonderful thing in the world.
Years later, ring her final illness, mother kept different things for my sister and brother. 「But the desk,」 she』d said again, 「it』s for Elizabeth. 」
I never saw her angry, never saw her cry. I knew she loved me; she showed it in action. But as a young girl, I wanted heart-to-heart talks between mother and daughter.
They never happened. And a gulf opened between us. I was 「too emotional(易動感情的)」. But she lived 「on the surface(表面)」.
As years passed I had my own family. I loved my mother and thanked her for our happy family. I wrote to her in careful words and asked her to let me know in any way she chose that she did forgive(原諒) me.
I posted the letter and waited for her answer. None came.
My hope turned to disappointment(失望), then little interest and, finally, peace— it seemed that nothing happened. I couldn』t be sure that the letter had even got to mother. I only knew that I had written it, and I could stop trying to make her into someone she was not.
Now the present of her desk told, as she』d never been able to, that she was pleased that writing was my chosen work. I cleaned the desk carefully and found some papers inside —a photo of my father and a one-page letter, folded(折疊) and refolded many times.
Give me an answer, my letter asks, in any way you choose. Mother, you always chose the act that speaks louder than words.
根據短文內容，選擇最佳答案。
1. The writer began to love her mother』s desk ______.
A. after Mother died
B. before she became a writer
C. when she was a child
D. when Mother gave it to her
2. The passage shows that ______.
A. mother was cold on the surface but kind in her heart to her daughter
B. mother was too serious about everything her daughter had done
C. mother cared much about her daughter in words
D. mother wrote to her daughter in careful words
3. The word 「gulf」 in the passage means ______.
A. deep understanding between the old and the young
B. different ideas between the mother and the daughter
C. free talks between mother and daughter
D. part of the sea going far in land
4. What did mother do with her daughter』s letter asking forgiveness?
A. She had never received the letter.
B. For years, she often talked about the letter.
C. She didn』t forgive her daughter at all in all her life.
D. She read the letter again and again till she died.
5. What』s the best title of the passage?
A. My letter to Mother
B. Mother and Children
C. My mother』s Desk
D. Talks between Mother and Me
【答案與解析】
1. C 2. A 3. B 4. D 5. C

One day the famous American scientist Albert Einstein met an old friend of his on a street in New York.
「Mr Einstein,」 said the friend, 「 it seems that you need to put on a new overcoat. Look, how worn-out it is!」
「It doesn』t matter,」 answered Albert Einstein. 「No one knows me here in New York.」
Several years later they met in New York again. Einstein had been a world-famous physicist after then but he still wore the same old overcoat.
Once more his friend persuaded him to buy a new one.
「There is no need now,」 said Einstein, 「Everybody here has known me.」
根據短文內容，回答問題。
1. Where did Albert Einstein met an old friend of his?
2. What did the friend want him to buy?
3. How about Einstein』s overcoat?
4. Did Einstein still wear the same old overcoat when he became a world-famous physicist?

Once Goethe, the great German poet, was walking in a park. He was thinking about something when he noticed he came to a very, very narrow road. Just at that time, a young man came towards him from the other end of the road. It was too narrow for both of them to pass through at the same time. They stopped and looked at each other for a while. Then the young man said rudely, 「I never make way for a fool.」 But Goethe smiled and said, 「I always do.」 Then he turned back quickly and walked towards the end of the road.
根據短文內容，回答問題。
1. Where was Goethe walking?
2. Who came towards Goethe from the other end of the road?
3. Was the road too narrow for both of them to pass through at the same time?
4. Did the young man make way for Goethe?
5. Who turned back quickly and walked towards the end of the road?

A man went to see his doctor one day, because he was suffering from pains in his stomach. After the doctor had examined him carefully, he said to him, 「Well, there』s nothing really wrong with you, I』m glad to say. Your only trouble is that you worry too much. Do you know, I had a man with the same trouble as you here a few weeks ago, and I gave him the same advice as I am going to give you. He was worried because he couldn』t pay his tailor』s bills. I told him not to worry about the bills any more. He took my advice and when he came to see me again two days ago, he told me that he now felt quite all right again. 」 「Yes, I know all about that,」 answered the patient sadly. 「You see, I』m that man』s tailor!」
根據以上短文內容判斷正誤，正確的用「T」表示，錯誤的用「F」表示。
1. The tailor went to see his doctor because he has got a headache.
2. There is nothing serious with the tailor.
3. A man with the same trouble as the tailor a few days ago.
4. The doctor gave the man and the tailor the same advice.
5. The tailor was worried because a man couldn』t pay his bills.

I worked for a short time as a cashier(出納員) at a restaurant a few months ago. I also helped to clean up the tables when it was very busy. One night, just before Christmas, I found a large black wallet on the floor near one of the tables. I guessed I should check it to find out who was the owner, but I was very busy at the time. And I imagined that if there was something valuable(有價值的) in the wallet, the owner would be back. Sure enough, an hour later a man came up to the counter and asked if anyone had found a wallet. I asked him to describe the lost wallet, and after he described it exactly, I gave him the wallet. He expressed his thanks when I handed it to him. He asked me if I had opened it, and when I told him 「no」. At once he opened it and showed that it had nearly $ 800 in cash(現金). He took out a twenty-dollar bill and handed it to me and I was amazed at this. 「A reward(酬勞) for your honesty,」 he said and then turned and walked away.
Thinking about it later, I began wondering whether I would have been honest if I had known what was in the wallet! I thought that if I had no way to find the owner and no one returned to get it, I might keep it. But it also came into my mind that I actually saved someone』s Christmas plans by finding and returning the wallet. The good feeling it gave me was worth more than anything could buy.
根據以上短文內容，然後從每題所給的四個選項中選擇最佳選項。
1. Which of the following is true?
A. The owner of the wallet found a twenty-dollar bill gone.
B. The writer wasn』t surprised when the man gave her a reward.
C. Nothing in the wallet was missing.
D. The man was very, very excited when he got his wallet back.
2. The writer returned the wallet to the owner because _______.
A. she thought Christmas was coming
B. the owner came back too soon
C. she didn』t know there was so much money in it
D. as an honest person, she didn』t care much about money
3. Which of the following is NOT true?
A. The writer accepted a reward of $ 20.
B. The writer regretted(後悔) that she had returned the wallet.
C. The writer didn』t return the wallet until the owner came back.
D. The writer fell very happy after she returned the wallet.

Last Friday a storm swept through two villages in the New Territories, destroying (摧毀) fourteen homes. Seven others were so badly damaged (破壞) that their owners had to leave them, and fifteen others had broken windows or broken roofs. One person was killed, several were badly hurt and taken to hospital, and a number of other people received smaller hurt. Altogether over two hundred people were homeless after the storm.
A farmer, Mr. Tan, said that the storm began early in the morning and lasted for over an hour.
「I was eating with my wife and children,」 he said, 「When we heard a loud noise. A few minutes later our house fell down on top of us. We tried our best to climb out but then I saw that one of my children was missing. I went back inside and found him, safe but very frightened.」
Mrs. Woo Mei Fong said that her husband had just left for work when she felt that her house was moving. She ran outside at once with her children.
「There was no time to take anything,」 she said, 「A few minutes later, the roof came down.」
Soldiers helped to take people out of the flooded (水淹的) area and the welfare department (福利機構) brought them food, clothes and shelter.
1. How many homes altogether (總共) were damaged in the storm?
A. Fourteen B. Twenty-one
C. Twenty-nine D. Thirty-six
2. Where was Mr. Tan when the storm first began?
A. He was in bed.B. He was inside the house.
C. He was outside the house.D. He was on the roof.
3. Mrs. Woo and her family didn』t get hurt because _________.
A. her husband knew there would be a storm
B. they were all outside the house when the storm became worse
C. she felt the house was moving
D. the welfare department helped her
4. The underlined word 「shelter」 in this passage means ______.
A. something to eat B. something to wear
C. somewhere to study D. somewhere to stay
5. Which of he following may be the best title for this passage?
A. A Terrible Storm B. A Lucky Woman
C. Good Soldiers D. Clever People

In 1605, a scientist took a willow branch(柳枝) and planted it. He didn』t plant it in the ground, however. He planted it in a vase of soil(泥土). For the next five years, the scientist watered that willow carefully.
The willow grew and grew. Where did it get the food for its growth? To most people, this was an easy question. The willow plant, of course, took the food from the soil.
The scientist, however, wanted evidence(證據).If the willow took the food from the soil for its growth, then, as it grew and weighed more, the soil ought to weigh less. He weighed the willow branch before he planted it. It weighed five pounds. Then he weighed the soil. It weighed 200 pounds. After five years, he weighed the plant and the soil again. The willow tree weighed 169 pounds, but the soil weighed almost the same.
The result(結果) was surprising. Where did the 164 pounds come from?
After many investigations(調查), the scientist got the answer. He had given water to the willow, and the willow got its food from the water.
He was right, in a way. Today we know more about the question.
1. The scientist did the experiment in the sixteenth century.
2. Most people thought the plant got the food from the soil for its growth.
3. The soil in the vase weighed two hundred pounds.
4. The scientist found that the willow grew and weighed more and the soil weighed less.
5. The soil weighed 164 pounds after five years.
6. Now we know about the question as much as the scientist did.

⑥ 英語短篇閱讀~~~（請全文翻譯~~誤用網上的翻譯軟體~~謝謝）

最初的奧林抄匹克運動會，是襲作為祭奠希臘諸神的宗教節日其中的一部分，由其是宙斯。他們每四年在奧林匹亞的一個山谷中舉行，由來自所有希臘城邦的男人參加，女人不會在比賽中出現，甚至都不會參加。第一份奧林匹克運動會記錄誕生於公元前776年，但它可能在之前的幾百年間就已經建立了。起初，只有220米徒步跑一個競爭項目，這個距離是根據神話中英雄赫克里斯一口氣跑了這些路程得出的。之後，其他的項目引入了奧林匹克運動會，包括365米跑和五項全能項目（跳躍，跑步，標槍，鐵餅和摔跤），運動員來到奧林匹亞進行為期10個月的全程訓練。當他們被允許參賽時，將由一個10人組成的委員會檢驗他們是否有好的素質和體格。在五天的運動會期間，所有城市之間的戰爭必須停止，勝利者的獎賞是帶上一個由橄欖枝編成的王冠，而橄欖枝是用一把以黃金做成手柄的刀從一顆神聖的樹上砍下來的，並且被認為能夠給予運動員強健的體魄和健康的身體。勝利者當眾感謝宙斯和自己所在的地區和城市，並且被認為受到了神的恩寵

⑦ 哪個網站有一些短篇的英文閱讀

01 The Language of Music
A painter hangs his or her finished pictures on a wall, and everyone can see it. A composer writes a work, but no one can hear it until it is performed. Professional singers and players have great responsibilities, for the composer is utterly dependent on them. A student of music needs as long and as arous a training to become a performer as a medical student needs to become a doctor. Most training is concerned with technique, for musicians have to have the muscular proficiency of an athlete or a ballet dancer. Singers practice breathing every day, as their vocal chords would be inadequate without controlled muscular support. String players practice moving the fingers of the left hand up and down, while drawing the bow to and fro with the right arm-two entirely different movements.
Singers and instruments have to be able to get every note perfectly in tune. Pianists are spared this particular anxiety, for the notes are already there, waiting for them, and it is the piano tuner』s responsibility to tune the instrument for them. But they have their own difficulties; the hammers that hit the string have to be coaxed not to sound like percussion, and each overlapping tone has to sound clear.
This problem of getting clear texture is one that confronts student conctors: they have to learn to know every note of the music and how it should sound, and they have to aim at controlling these sounds with fanatical but selfless authority.
Technique is of no use unless it is combined with musical knowledge and understanding. Great artists are those who are so thoroughly at home in the language of music that they can enjoy performing works written in any century.
02 Schooling and Ecation
It is commonly believed in United States that school is where people go to get an ecation. Nevertheless, it has been said that today children interrupt their ecation to go to school. The distinction between schooling and ecation implied by this remark is important.
Ecation is much more open-ended and all-inclusive than schooling. Ecation knows no bounds. It can take place anywhere, whether in the shower or in the job, whether in a kitchen or on a tractor. It includes both the formal learning that takes place in schools and the whole universe of informal learning. The agents of ecation can range from a revered grandparent to the people debating politics on the radio, from a child to a distinguished scientist. Whereas schooling has a certain predictability, ecation quite often proces surprises. A chance conversation with a stranger may lead a person to discover how little is known of other religions. People are engaged in ecation from infancy on. Ecation, then, is a very broad, inclusive term. It is a lifelong process, a process that starts long before the start of school, and one that should be an integral part of one』s entire life.
Schooling, on the other hand, is a specific, formalized process, whose general pattern varies little from one setting to the next. Throughout a country, children arrive at school at approximately the same time, take assigned seats, are taught by an alt, use similar textbooks, do homework, take exams, and so on. The slices of reality that are to be learned, whether they are the alphabet or an understanding of the working of government, have usually been limited by the boundaries of the subject being taught. For example, high school students know that there not likely to find out in their classes the truth about political problems in their communities or what the newest filmmakers are experimenting with. There are definite conditions surrounding the formalized process of schooling.
03 The Definition of 「」
Prices determine how resources are to be used. They are also the means by which procts and services that are in limited supply are rationed among buyers. The price system of the United States is a complex network composed of the prices of all the procts bought and sold in the economy as well as those of a myriad of services, including labor, professional, transportation, and public-utility services. The interrelationships of all these prices make up the 「system」 of prices. The price of any particular proct or service is linked to a broad, complicated system of prices in which everything seems to depend more or less upon everything else.
If one were to ask a group of randomly selected indivials to define 「price」, many would reply that price is an amount of money paid by the buyer to the seller of a proct or service or, in other words that price is the money values of a proct or service as agreed upon in a market transaction. This definition is, of course, valid as far as it goes. For a complete understanding of a price in any particular transaction, much more than the amount of money involved must be known. Both the buyer and the seller should be familiar with not only the money amount, but with the amount and quality of the proct or service to be exchanged, the time and place at which the exchange will take place and payment will be made, the form of money to be used, the credit terms and discounts that apply to the transaction, guarantees on the proct or service, delivery terms, return privileges, and other factors. In other words, both buyer and seller should be fully aware of all the factors that comprise the total 「package」 being exchanged for the asked-for amount of money in order that they may evaluate a given price.
04 Electricity
The modern age is an age of electricity. People are so used to electric lights, radio, televisions, and telephones that it is hard to imagine what life would be like without them. When there is a power failure, people grope about in flickering candlelight, cars hesitate in the streets because there are no traffic lights to guide them, and food spoils in silent refrigerators.
Yet, people began to understand how electricity works only a little more than two centuries ago. Nature has apparently been experimenting in this field for million of years. Scientists are discovering more and more that the living world may hold many interesting secrets of electricity that could benefit humanity.
All living cell send out tiny pulses of electricity. As the heart beats, it sends out pulses of record; they form an electrocardiogram, which a doctor can study to determine how well the heart is working. The brain, too, sends out brain waves of electricity, which can be recorded in an electroencephalogram. The electric currents generated by most living cells are extremely small - often so small that sensitive instruments are needed to record them. But in some animals, certain muscle cells have become so specialized as electrical generators that they do not work as muscle cells at all. When large numbers of these cell are linked together, the effects can be astonishing.
The electric eel is an amazing storage battery. It can seed a jolt of as much as eight hundred volts of electricity through the water in which it live. (An electric house current is only one hundred twenty volts.) As many as four-fifths of all the cells in the electric eel』s body are specialized for generating electricity, and the strength of the shock it can deliver corresponds roughly to length of its body.
05 The Beginning of Drama
There are many theories about the beginning of drama in ancient Greece. The on most widely accepted today is based on the assumption that drama evolved from ritual. The argument for this view goes as follows. In the beginning, human beings viewed the natural forces of the world-even the seasonal changes-as unpredictable, and they sought through various means to control these unknown and feared powers. Those measures which appeared to bring the desired results were then retained and repeated until they hardened into fixed rituals. Eventually stories arose which explained or veiled the mysteries of the rites. As time passed some rituals were abandoned, but the stories, later called myths, persisted and provided material for art and drama.
Those who believe that drama evolved out of ritual also argue that those rites contained the seed of theater because music, dance, masks, and costumes were almost always used, furthermore, a suitable site had to be provided for performances and when the entire community did not participate, a clear division was usually made between the "acting area" and the "auditorium." In addition, there were performers, and, since considerable importance was attached to avoiding mistakes in the enactment of rites, religious leaders usually assumed that task. Wearing masks and costumes, they often impersonated other people, animals, or supernatural beings, and mimed the desired effect-success in hunt or battle, the coming rain, the revival of the Sun-as an actor might. Eventually such dramatic representations were separated from religious activities.
Another theory traces the theater』s origin from the human interest in storytelling. According to this vies tales (about the hunt, war, or other feats) are graally elaborated, at first through the use of impersonation, action, and dialogue by a narrator and then through the assumption of each of the roles by a different person. A closely related theory traces theater to those dances that are primarily rhythmical and gymnastic or that are imitations of animal movements and sounds.
06 Televisions
Television-----the most pervasive and persuasive of modern technologies, marked by rapid change and growth-is moving into a new era, an era of extraordinary sophistication and versatility, which promises to reshape our lives and our world. It is an electronic revolution of sorts, made possible by the marriage of television and computer technologies.
The word "television", derived from its Greek (tele: distant) and Latin (visio: sight) roots, can literally be interpreted as sight from a distance. Very simply put, it works in this way: through a sophisticated system of electronics, television provides the capability of converting an image (focused on a special photoconctive plate within a camera) into electronic impulses, which can be sent through a wire or cable. These impulses, when fed into a receiver (television set), can then be electronically reconstituted into that same image.
Television is more than just an electronic system, however. It is a means of expression, as well as a vehicle for communication, and as such becomes a powerful tool for reaching other human beings.
The field of television can be divided into two categories determined by its means of transmission. First, there is broadcast television, which reaches the masses through broad-based airwave transmission of television signals. Second, there is nonbroadcast television, which provides for the needs of indivials or specific interest groups through controlled transmission techniques.
Traditionally, television has been a medium of the masses. We are most familiar with broadcast television because it has been with us for about thirty-seven years in a form similar to what exists today. During those years, it has been controlled, for the most part, by the broadcast networks, ABC, NBC, and CBS, who have been the major purveyors of news, information, and entertainment. These giants of broadcasting have actually shaped not only television but our perception of it as well. We have come to look upon the picture tube as a source of entertainment, placing our role in this dynamic medium as the passive viewer.
07 Andrew Carnegie
Andrew Carnegie, known as the King of Steel, built the steel instry in the United States, and, in the process, became one of the wealthiest men in America. His success resulted in part from his ability to sell the proct and in part from his policy of expanding ring periods of economic decline, when most of his competitors were recing their investments.
Carnegie believed that indivials should progress through hard work, but he also felt strongly that the wealthy should use their fortunes for the benefit of society. He opposed charity, preferring instead to provide ecational opportunities that would allow others to help themselves. "He who dies rich, dies disgraced," he often said.
Among his more noteworthy contributions to society are those that bear his name, including the Carnegie Institute of Pittsburgh, which has a library, a museum of fine arts, and a museum of national history. He also founded a school of technology that is now part of Carnegie-Mellon University. Other philanthropic gifts are the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace to promote understanding between nations, the
Carnegie Institute of Washington to fund scientific research, and Carnegie Hall to provide a center for the arts.
Few Americans have been left untouched by Andrew Carnegie』s generosity. His contributions of more than five million dollars established 2,500 libraries in small communities throughout the country and formed the nucleus of the public library system that we all enjoy today.
08 American Revolution
The American Revolution was not a sudden and violent overturning of the political and social framework, such as later occurred in France and Russia, when both were already independent nations. Significant changes were ushered in, but they were not breathtaking. What happened was accelerated evolution rather than outright revolution. During the conflict itself people went on working and praying, marrying and playing. Most of them were not seriously disturbed by the actual fighting, and many of the more isolated communities scarcely knew that a war was on.
America』s War of Independence heralded the birth of three modern nations. One was Canada, which received its first large influx of English-speaking population from the thousands of loyalists who fled there from the United States. Another was Australia, which became a penal colony now that America was no longer available for prisoners and debtors. The third newcomer-the United States-based itself squarely on republican principles.
Yet even the political overturn was not so revolutionary as one might suppose. In some states, notably Connecticut and Rhode Island, the war largely ratified a colonial self-rule already existing. British officials, everywhere ousted, were replaced by a home-grown governing class, which promptly sought a local substitute for king and Parliament.
09 Suburbanization
If by "suburb" is meant an urban margin that grows more rapidly than its already developed interior, the process of suburbanization began ring the emergence of the instrial city in the second quarter of the nineteenth century. Before that period the city was a small highly compact cluster in which people moved about on foot and goods were conveyed by horse and cart. But the early factories built in the 1840』s were located along waterways and near railheads at the edges of cities, and housing was needed for the thousands of people drawn by the prospect of employment. In time, the factories were surrounded by proliferating mill towns of apartments and row houses that abutted the older, main cities. As a defense against this encroachment and to enlarge their tax bases, the cities appropriated their instrial neighbors. In 1854, for example, the city of Philadelphia annexed most of Philadelphia County. Similar municipal maneuvers took place in Chicago and in New York. Indeed, most great cities of the United States achieved such status only by incorporating the communities along their borders.
With the acceleration of instrial growth came acute urban crowding and accompanying social stress-conditions that began to approach disastrous proportions when, in 1888, the first commercially successful electric traction line was developed. Within a few years the horse-drawn trolleys were retired and electric streetcar networks crisscrossed and connected every major urban area, fostering a wave of suburbanization that transformed the compact instrial city into a dispersed metropolis. This first phase of mass-scale suburbanization was reinforced by the simultaneous emergence of the urban Middle Class, whose desires for homeownership in neighborhoods far from the aging inner city were satisfied by the developers of single-family housing tracts.
10 Types of Speech
Standard usage includes those words and expressions understood, used, and accepted by a majority of the speakers of a language in any situation regardless of the level of formality. As such, these words and expressions are well defined and listed in standard dictionaries. Colloquialisms, on the other hand, are familiar words and idioms that are understood by almost all speakers of a language and used in informal speech or writing, but not considered appropriate for more formal situations. Almost all idiomatic expressions are colloquial language. Slang, however, refers to words and expressions understood by a large number of speakers but not accepted as good, formal usage by the majority. Colloquial expressions and even slang may be found in standard dictionaries but will be so identified. Both colloquial usage and slang are more common in speech than in writing.
Colloquial speech often passes into standard speech. Some slang also passes into standard speech, but other slang expressions enjoy momentary popularity followed by obscurity. In some cases, the majority never accepts certain slang phrases but nevertheless retains them in their collective memories. Every generation seems to require its own set of words to describe familiar objects and events. It has been pointed out by a number of linguists that three cultural conditions are necessary for the creation of a large body of slang expressions. First, the introction and acceptance of new objects and situations in the society; second, a diverse population with a large number of subgroups; third, association among the subgroups and the majority population.
Finally, it is worth noting that the terms "standard" "colloquial" and "slang" exist only as abstract labels for scholars who study language. Only a tiny number of the speakers of any language will be aware that they are using colloquial or slang expressions. Most speakers of English will, ring appropriate situations, select and use all three types of expressions.

⑧ 翻譯英語短篇閱讀

Sharon Suaree一直期待她不抄需要用車把雜貨店搬回房子的那一天。這一天到來了。越來越多的人在網上購物。
「我以前從來沒做過,但是聽起來很不錯,」蘇亞雷斯小姐說,「在夏天這里很熱，冬天也真的很冷。我願意呆在室內讓雜貨來超市。一個美國人訪問超市平均一個星期2.2次。

一個問題的是,許多顧客希望看到他們買的食物。雖然他們可能沒有看到就會購買ACD或者一本書,大多數人不想也以這種方式買食物。他們擔心食物變質和遲交。但這一切正在慢慢改變。人們開始發現它需要更少的交付。但這一切正在慢慢改變。人們開始發現他們花費更少的時間在互聯網上買食物。他們發現,交貨快,便宜,並且質量優質。