高考英語人物傳記閱讀題
『壹』 英語作文：人物傳記
人物傳記也是記敘文體的`一種，但人物傳記主要是寫名人或偉人的生平、事跡。因此，寫人物傳記時，要抓住其出生年月、主要事跡、人們的評論等進行敘述。下面是我為大家整理的關於人物傳記的英語作文，希望對大家有所幫助。
英語作文：人物傳記 篇1
Do you know our English teacher? Look! There is a young man standing over there. He isnt tall, and looks very thin. Who is he? He is our English teacher. His name is Sun Feng.
Our teacher is strict not only with himself but also with us. We all like him, because he is a good teacher and often helps us with our English.
My classmate Wang Haiyan was not good at Eng-lish at first. He often thought: "My English is poor, what can I do?" Mr Sun knew it and said to him: "Dont be disappointed, keep up with your classmates! I believe, you can. " With the help of our teacher, he decided to catch up with his classmates. So he began to put his heart into English and did better in English. At last, he took part in the English contest and got a prize.
Our English teacher works hard and he is as busy as a bee. He often prepares lessons and studies until late at night. In Grade three, we often have tests and have more English homework. Mr Sun always goes over it carefully.
Mr Sun gets on well with us. He likes singing very much. One day before classes began, he said to us: "Now, let me teach you an English song. "
We all like our English teacher. He is not only teacher but also our good friend. Dont you think so?
英語作文：人物傳記 篇2
In the winter of 1953, a powerful jump from a Chinese woman attracted world attention.
Twenty-year-old Chinese athlete Zheng Fengrong shattered the womens high jump world record with a leap of 1.77 metres in a Beijing athletic meet on November 17, 1957.
The new record, the first womens world record for the Peoples Republic of China, was one centimetre higher than the old mark held by American Mildred McDaniel .
The jump also made Zheng the first Asian athlete to break a world track and field record since 1936.
The record jump, although by a tiny margin, was described by the foreign media as "an explosive jump" because it generated Chinas first athletic world record.
Dubbed " a spring swallow (燕子) awakening (喚醒了)Chinese sports, " Zheng sent a message to the world that China was Nolonger the "sick man of the East. "
Born in the spring city of Jinan, Shandong Province, Zheng, who stands at 1.70 metres, has a good physique and a skillful scissor--sharp jump which was seldom seen among top jumpers in the world.
She once leapt 1.78 metres, a national record in 1963.
She claimed a well-merited place in sporting history when her achievement was listed in the Guinness Book of World Records (吉尼斯世界紀錄) .
Due to her contribution (貢獻) to athletics, Zheng was awarded a series of honours. She was named among the nations greatest athletes (運動員) in 1984.
英語作文：人物傳記 篇3
Good morning everyone . Today my topic is "Do you prefer to study and live in a big city or a small-one?".
As we all know , there is a big differencebetween big cities and small cities .
I prefer to study in the big city. BecauseI can learn a lot in the big city. Big cities have rich teaching resources.Here I can meet people all over the country. And I can learn about different cultures.I』ll have more opportunities in the big city.
But I don』t like living in a big city. Itis true that big cities are economically developed which offers various jobopportunities and the traffic is very convenient. There are a lot of places forpublic entertainment such as parks, restaurants, museums, etc However, thereare still disadvantages. The cost of living here is high and it』s overpopulated.Besides, the air pollution and bad living environment should be considered .
As for small cities, although the economy isnot very developed, the air is fresh, the environment is quiet and peaceful, andit is more comfortable to live in. So I prefer live in small cities whilestudying in big cities. So, that』s why I chose to attend college in a big city.But after graation, I might go back to my hometown to find a job and livethere.
That』s all, thank you.
By Jinmin
英語作文：人物傳記 篇4
When China was hungry for their first world title to celebrate the 10th anniversary of the founding of the Peoples Republic of China table tennis player Rong Guotuan made their dream come true.
Rong became New Chinas first world champion after he won the mens singles title at the 25th World Table Tennis Championships, in former West Germany on April 5, 1959.
Before the championships, the team had pinned their gold hopes on the mens team. But their dream of a world team title was destroyed by the Hungarian team in the semifinal match, losing three games to five.
After a chain of unexpected defeats to Chinese favoured for the title, Rong carried the heavy hopes to make a breakthrough.
Rongs rival in the final was top Hungarian paddler Ferenc Sido.
Rong was seen as an underdog for the title as he had just lost to Sido in the team contest. Even the victory flowers were being prepared for Sido.
But much to the surprise of the 8000-member audience, Rong won three straight sets with a big margin 21-12, 21-15, and 21-14 after losing the first set 19-21. Until that very moment, Rong realized the promise he made one year ago, that was to win a world championship for his motherland.
Two years later at the 26th championship for his motherland.
Two years later at the 26th championships in Beijing,Rong led the Chinese men to win the team title.
After becoming the coach of the Chinese womens team, Rong led the team to the winners podium at the 28th championshipsin 1965.
英語作文：人物傳記 篇5
Dear Jack,
I was very glad to receive your letter on the tenth of February. You ask me something about Lu Xun and his works since you began to study Chinese literature. Now let me tell you something about him. Lu Xun was a well-Known Chinese writer, he was not only a writer, a thinker, and translator, but also a founder of modern Chinese literature. His novels have been put into many languages and some of novels have been made into films, such as The True Story of AH Q and The New Year』s Sacrifice which expose sharply the old society. The late Chairman Mao spoke highly of him. Some of his novels have been collected in high school and college textbooks. Since you are learning Chinese literature, I think reading Lu Xun』s novels will benefit a lot.
Yours
Wei Ming
英語作文：人物傳記 篇6
Hello everyone, today I want to discuss topicwith you: Should our fresh men live by themselves or live with others in thedifferent grades?
Of course, different people have differentideas. Now, I will share my idea with you, which is that we should live with studentsin the same grade
First,Freshmen can go to class together, to adapt tothe new teaching method and spend the free time together. Unlike high schoolwhich is busy, college life gives us a lot of spare time when everyone gather togetherin the dormitory to share the attitudes towards the new school and new teachers, discusstheir professional knowledge, and talk about the future plan of development. Itis very convenient to do these things if students in the same grade live in thesame dormitory.
Second, freshman is so shy, not familiar with the surrounding environment.If living together with the seniors, they may be laughed at and bullied, butfreshmen living together can help each other to be familiar with thesurroundings. For example, we can go around the campus and find it so beautiful.Perhaps this is what high school students think of no fun, but freshmen arefull of curiosity, so I think the freshmen should live together.
In conclusion, let us join hands together to create a good livingenvironment. The dormitory is also home to us. It needs our join efforts to letit become warm and harmonious. So, cherish our college life, cherish the collegefriendship.
By Jinhuan
英語作文：人物傳記 篇7
Do you remember, "there is no road in the world, and there are many people walking, and they have become roads."." Whose mouth is it? Can you remember who is writing "some people died and he is still alive"? Youre right！ Mr. Lu Xun. He is the man I admire most.
I was impressed by his image of Mr. Lu Xun. The shaggy hair, though it looked messy, was very spiritual; each one stood erect. A thin yellow face is unforgettable. His eyes were small, but he was so divine that he dared not look straight at him, but gave him infinite strength.
His "from" Baicao garden to Sanwei experience of reading pleasure; "drama" feel the innocence of happiness. He is a monumental monument in the history of Chinese literature; he is a giant of literature! From him, we can read the true, the good and the beautiful of human nature, and read black and white, right and wrong.
The real reason why I worship Mr. Lu Xun is because he is a God who leaves all saints. He is a real man in the strict sense! His love and hate, down-to-earth, noble moral character; he was "willing ox bow"!
He said, "time is like water in a sponge. As long as you are willing to push, you always have it."." Time for everyone is fair, diligent will strive to catch up, to earn, to squeeze; lazy people do not want to squeeze, to earn, he will never have. Mr. Lu Xun is a hard worker who can squeeze his time and control his time. His health, working and living conditions are not good, but he works until midnight every day, second days and sleepless nights.
He has been tolerant of us in his fathers mind, waiting for us. Let us go out of the impetuous sea, and later generations of identity, with a secular heart, and his soul dialogue!
『貳』 高考英語的閱讀方法
高考英語閱讀理解旨在考查考生的知識和能力，顧名思義，閱讀主要是獲取信息，是理解的前提和手段；理解是分析、加工和處理信息，是閱讀的目的和結果。閱讀理解通過不同的體裁，如記敘文，描述文、說明文、議論文、應用文等，和不同的題材，如科普知識、天文地理、人物傳記、仁人軼事、哲理小首桐罩品、科技教育、風土人情、廣告宣傳、新聞報道、體育賽事、歷史文化、人間百態等，全面考查考生記憶、識別、換算、判斷推理、邏輯思維、分析歸納、概括總結等能力。本文介紹幾種常用的閱讀方法，然後附上練習，並給出解題思路。
一、閱讀理解的方法
1.略讀法（skimming）
2.查閱法（scanning）
考生在回答具體信息時，通常不需要閱讀整篇文章，而只需要找出可能包括所需要的信息部分，然後加以閱讀就行，這種方法就是查閱法。查閱法主要用於獲得具體的信息，回答具體的問題，即測試中的細節問題，它常常與5w』s和1h（who，what，when，where，why和how）有關，有時又跟具體的數字有聯系，如長度、寬度、高度、距離、大小、尺寸等。考生在使用查閱法時，應該注意文章結構和順序的排列，文章結構有的是按時間順序排列，有的是按空間順序排列，有的是按邏輯順序排列。弄清楚文章的排列順序能幫助考生在閱讀和回答問題時做到高效省時、准確無誤。要注意提高閱讀的速度和者鬧解題效率，考生應該學會用眼睛掃讀的本領，在最短的時間內找到所需的信息，要把注意力集中在所需信息直接相關的詞語上，這樣可以迅速作出正確的選擇。
3.根據上下文判斷詞義法（contextual meaning of words）
考生應該平時有意識地積累英語單詞，沒有一定量的英語單詞作基礎和保障，英語的聽、說、讀、寫、譯等技能都無從談起。考生平時可以根據「詞離法」，把一個生詞放在具體的語境中記憶，可以使用轉換法（conversion：同一個單詞可能同時有名詞、動詞、形容詞、副詞等詞性）、詞綴法（affixation：在某個單詞前面或後面加一些詞綴，可能改變單詞的詞性和詞義，使之成為一個新單詞）、派生法（derivation）、合成法（compounding）等記憶英語單詞，也可以從影視廣播和報刊雜志中獲得英語詞彙。
考生在考試的時候，可根據上下文，利用定義輪姿、重述、對比、舉例和邏輯推理等方式推斷單詞的意思。例如：
（1）a satellite is a machine which goes around the earth to relay communication signals over long distance。
此句中satellite是一個圍繞地球轉動，能夠接收傳遞遠距離通訊信號的機器（或裝置），據此可判斷satellite是衛星。
（2）i am a resolute man once i set up a goal，i won』t give it up easily
此處後面的句子的意思：一旦我設定了一個目標，我就不會輕易地放棄，由此推斷「我」是一個「剛毅」的人。
（3）he is very dependable，but his brother is untrustworthy。
「but」在此句中明確暗示了前後的對比關系，dependable「可靠的」，那麼「untrustworthy」肯定是「不可靠的，不可信任的」。
（4）doctors suggest that everyone should exercise every day，especially those who spend hours doing sedentary activities like reading，typing or sewing。
此句中的「sedentary」的意思可以從跟like後面的「reading，typing，sewing」中輕易地猜出是「坐著做的」意思。
閱讀理解是全面考查考生綜合運用英語進行交際和獲取信息的能力，它是一個漸近的過程，需要經過一定階段的積累才能達到得心應手的境界。因此，考生平時擴大自己的閱讀量，廣泛地進行課外閱讀，不斷地開拓自己的視野，豐富自己的知識。
二、練習
閱讀下面短文，並從a，b，c，d四個答案中找出正確的答案。
archimedes was a famous greek mathematician and scientist he was born around 287 bc and he died in the year 212 bc.
archimedes is most well-known for one specificidea that he came up with 「archimedes』s principle」states that a solid object which is immersed in a liquid is pushed up by a force which is equal to the weight of the water that the object moves for example，if you put a piece of wood and a piece of gold the same size in water，only the wood will float both the wood and gold move the same amount of water，but the wood weighs less than this water，while the gold weighs more。
it is believed that archimedes discovered this principle when the king of syracuse asked him to solve a problem .the king wanted to know if his crown（王冠）was pure gold or a mixture of gold and silver the king，of course，did not want to melt his crown to find out the idea came to archimedes as he lowered himself into his bath he noticed how the water spilled out of the tub he decided to use the same idea for the crown he knew that a gold crown immersed in water would weigh more than one made of silver the experiment was done and the goldsmith was proved guilty of trying to cheat the king。
1.a good title for the selection is ______
a.archimedes
b.archimedes』s principle
c.a gold and silver crown
d.the king of syracuse
2.the word 「immersed」in the second paragraph means「_______」
a.raised b.lifted c.under water d.rose
3.we drop a piece of metal into a jar full of water，the metal will float if it weighs less than_______
a.an equal amount of gold
b.the water that leaves the jar
c.all the water in the jar now
d.an equal amount of silver
4.from this selection we may conclude that the king』s crown______
a.moved more water than pure gold of the same weight
b.moved less water than pure gold of the same weight
c.moved more water than pure gold of the same size
d.moved less water than pure gold of the same size
5.the following sentences tell what happened many years ago which is the right order of the events？
a.achimedes took a bath
b.archimedes discovered his principle
c.the king of syracuse asked him to solve a problem
d.archimedes did the experiment on his crown
a.b；c；a；d； b.c；a；b；d； c.c；a；d；b； d.b；c；d；a；
答案與提示
1.b，主旨大意題，這是一篇歷史人物介紹與科普知識相結合的文章。本文第一段簡要介紹了阿基米德的職業與生卒年月，第二、三段大篇幅內容是介紹了阿基米德定律及其發現的經過。選項a所包括的時空太大，選c、d都與選項b有密切聯系，但包含的內容不及b項，故排除a、c、d三項，b為正確答案。
2.c，猜測詞義題。在文章第二段開頭解釋了阿基米德定律，一個浸在水中的物體被水托起的力（f）等於這個物體排開水的重量（g），即關系式f浮= ρ水 gv排=g物。從這句話中，我們可以猜測到「immersed」在句中的含義應該是「浸在水中」，故選c項。如果考生懂一點英語詞彙構詞法就很容易選c答案，因為「im-」意思是「inside」，「-merse」意思是「go down，lay down」。
3.b，判斷推理題。從文章第二段最後幾句話的例子中可以看出，物體的質量如果小一於它浸入水中後排開的水的質量，它就會浮起來；反之則沒入水中。故選b項。
4.a，判斷推理題。從文章第三段倒數第二句可知，一個純金的王冠浸入水中要比合金重，也就是說，質量相同的合金王冠體積要大，排開的水要多一些。國王新做的王冠是合金的，若質量相同，體積必定增加，排開的水自然要多。故選a項。
5.c，排序題。此題是要求按照邏輯先後順序排序，最初應該是國王請阿基米德解決一個問題判斷王冠的真假，後來阿基米德在浴池洗澡的時候，發現浴池的水溢出來了，這一現象引發了他的思考，接著他用自己的冠鼎做實驗，最後發現了這一定律。
『叄』 人物傳記英語作文範文
人物傳記記錄了一個人的一生，英文中文都一樣，不過只是相對客觀的吧。下面是我給大家整理的英文人物傳記 範文 ，供大家參閱!
人物傳記 英語 作文 ：Benjamin Franklin
Franklin's life is full of charming stories which all young men should know -- how he sold books in Boston, and became the guest of kings in Europe; how he was made Major General Franklin, only to quit because, as he said, he was no soldier, and yet helped to organize the army that stood before the trained troops of England and Germany.
This poor Boston boy, without a day's schooling1, became master of six languages and never stopped studying; this neglected apprentice2 conquered the lightning, made his name famous, received degrees and diplomas from many colleges, and became forever remembered as "Doctor Franklin", philosopher, scientist and political leader.
Self-made, self-taught, the candle maker's son gave light to all the world; the street bookseller set all men singing of liberty; the apprentice became the most sought after man across the world, and brought his native land to praise and honor him.
He built America, for what our nation is today is largely e to the management, the forethought, the wisdom, and the ability of Benjamin Franklin. He belongs to the world, but especially he belongs to America. The people around the world honored him while he was living; he is still regarded as the loftiest man by the common people today after his death. And he will live in people's hearts forever.
人物傳記英語作文：He is the thiefWashington was the first president of the U.S. He was very clever even when he was still a 12-year-old-boy.
Once a thief stole some money from Uncle Post, Washington's neighbor. The door of the house was not broken, and things in the room were in good order. Washington concluded that the thief must have been committed by one of the villagers.
That evening at the villagers' meeting the said, "We don't know who stole the money but God does. God sends his wasp1 to tell good from evil. Every night the wasp flies among us but few people notice it…" Then, all of a sudden Washington waved his hand and cried out, "Look! The wasp has landed on the thief's hat. It is going to sting2!"
The crowd burst into an uproar3. Everybody turned to look for the thief. But soon the noise died down. All eyes were fixed4 on a man who was trying hard to drive the "Wasp" off his hat.
"Now we know who stole the money," Washington said with a smile.
華盛頓是美國的第一任總統，他在12歲時就十分聰明。
有一次，一個小偷從他的鄰居大叔皮斯特那裡偷了一點錢，房屋是好好的，屋子裡的東西很整齊。華盛頓得出結論竊案必定是村民中的某一個人乾的。
晚上在村民大會上，他說：“雖然我們不知道是誰偷了錢，但神知道。神派他的黃蜂分辨善惡，每天晚上黃蜂雖然在我們之間飛，但很少人會察覺。”華盛頓突然揮了揮手喊道：“看黃蜂停在賊的帽子上了，賊要被刺到了。”
人群突然變得嘩然，每個人都轉過身找那個賊，但是不久喧嘩聲漸漸平息下來。所有的眼睛都盯著試圖趕走帽子黃蜂的人。
“現在，我們知道了誰偷了錢。”華盛頓微笑著說。
人物傳記英語作文：Demades and his fableDemades the orator1 was once speaking in the assembly at Athens; but the people were very inattentive to what he was saying, so he stopped and said, "Gentlemen, I should like to tell you one of Aesop's fables2." This made every one listen intently. Then Demades began: "Demeter, a swallow, and an eel3 were once travelling together, and came to a river without a bridge: the swallow flew over it, and the eel swam across", and then he stopped. "What happened to Demeter?" cried several people in the audience. "Demeter," he replied, "is very angry with you for listening to fables when you ought to be minding public business."
有一次，演說家狄馬德斯在雅典的一次集會上演講，但是沒有一個人認真聽，他便停下來，說：“先生們，我很想告訴你們一個伊索寓言里的 故事 。”這話受到了人們的重視。接著，他開始說：“有一次，德墨忒爾(掌管農業，結婚，豐饒的女神)和一隻燕子，一隻鰻魚同行，他們要穿過一條沒有橋的河，燕子飛過去，鰻魚游過去了。”講到這里，他便停下來，不再講了。聽眾中有幾個人問他：“那麼德墨忒爾怎麼過去的呢?”他回答說：“德墨忒爾正在生你們的氣呢，因為你們對公共事務毫無興趣，一心只喜歡聽伊索寓言。”
人物傳記英語作文：Whose horseOnce a neighbor1 stole2 one of Washington4's horse. Washington horse back. But the neighbor refused to give the horse back. He said5 that it was3 his horse.
Suddenly6 Washington had7 a good idea. He put both of his hands over the eyes of the horse and said to the neighbor, xiaogushi8.com "If this is your horse, then you must tell us in which eye the horse is blind8."
"In the left, "said the neighbor. Washington took9 his hand from the left eye of the horse and showed the policeman that the horse was not blind in the left eye.
"Oh , I have made10 a mistake," said the neighbor. "He is blind in the right eye." Washington then showed that the horse was not blind in the right eye, either11.
"I have made another mistake," said the neighbor.
"Yes," said the policeman, " and you have also proved12 that the horse isn't yours. You must return13 it to Mr Washington. "
有一次，一個鄰居偷了華盛頓的一匹馬。華盛頓帶著一名警察到鄰居家去把馬要回來，但是鄰居不願還給他，硬說這匹馬是他的。
華盛頓靈機一動，計上心來。他用雙手遮住了馬的雙眼，對鄰居說：“如果這匹馬是你的，那麼你應該告訴我們它的哪一隻眼睛是瞎的?”
“左眼是瞎的，”鄰居說。華盛頓放開遮在左眼的那隻手，給警察看馬的左眼並沒有瞎掉。
“哦，我說錯了，”鄰居說。“右眼是瞎的。”然後華盛頓展示了右眼同樣也沒有瞎。
“我又說錯了。”鄰居說。
“是的，”警察說，“你已證明這匹馬不是你的。你必須把他還給華盛頓先生。”
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『肆』 人物傳記本傑明富蘭克林高中英語作文
Benjamin Franklin is one of the most beloved founding fathers in the United States. Maybe it was his famous twinkling eyes, or maybe it was his ease with people. Regardless, he embodied several characteristics that inevitably led to his success ring his lifetime.
本傑明·富蘭克林是美國最受愛戴的國父之一。這或許是因為他那雙智慧的眼睛，抑或是因為他的隨和個性。不管怎樣，他所擁有的品質為他贏得了終生成就。
1. He cultivated proctive habits
他養成了有效的習慣
Famously known for his 13 virtues, in which he organized a 13-week plan focusing on one of his thirteen virtues of temperance, silence, order, resolution, frugality, instry, sincerity, justice, moderation, cleanliness, tranquility, chastity, and humility, Benjamin Franklin not only implemented important moral goals, but also found ways to hold himself accountable by marking his own progress. In addition, he formed a time table schele that had his day planned from the time he rose at 5am until he went to bed at 10pm.
在著名的「富蘭克林十三美德」中，他總結了13條周目標：節制、寡言、有序、決心、儉朴、勤勉、誠懇、公正、適度、清潔、鎮靜、貞潔和謙遜。本傑明·富蘭克林不僅踐行了這些道德目標，還通過記錄自己的進步來保證言出必行。此外，他還制定了一張時間表，將他從5:00起床到10:00就寢間的時間規劃出來。
2. He took risks
他願意冒險
Ben Franklin was by no means a cautious man. Famously known for writing letters in the name of 「Silence Goodall」 while working at his brother』s printshop, he also ran away to Philadelphia after his brother began to abuse him, ultimately running a successful print store.
富蘭克林絕不是謹小慎微之人。最廣為人知的事例就是，當他在哥哥的印刷店工作時，曾用筆名「沉默行善者」撰寫文章；而且，因為受不了哥哥的虐待，他乾脆跑到了費城，但這一出走卻使他後來成功經營了一家印刷店。
3. He perfected his public image
他為自己樹立良好的公眾形象
In his autobiography, Benjamin Franklin states that he 「took care not only to be in reality instrious and frugal, but to avoid all appearances of the contrary.」 In the words of Jonathan Yardley, Benjamin Franklin was 「a self-created and self-willed man who moved through life at a calculated pace toward calculated ends.」 He knew that the opinions of others mattered, and the importance of being able to network.
在自傳中，本傑明·富蘭克林寫道他「不僅實際地做到勤勉節儉，而且還避免出現任何不利的公眾形象」。用喬納森·亞德里的話來說，本傑明·富蘭克林是一個「自我經營、自我激勵的人，在生活中以計劃好的步伐走向計劃中的成果」。他懂得尊重他人看法，也知道交際的重要性。
4. He was a champion of the common person
他是芸芸眾生中的佼佼者
Never identifying with the elite, throughout his life Franklin identified himself as 「B. Franklin, printer.」 A strong believer in the power of community, he not only organized meetings and founded a library for his fellow citizens, but he also believed that pouring into 「the common good」 had a divine element. He is quoted stating: 「To pour forth benefits to the common good is divine.」 In other words, common people can find transcendence in giving back to their own community.
終其一生，富蘭克林從不認為自己是精英，而是自詡為「印刷工富蘭克林」。作為社區里的中堅信仰者，他不僅組織會議、為市民創建圖書館，還堅信投入公共福利是一件高尚的事。他說：「讓公眾受益是高尚的。」也就是說，普通人能從回饋自己的社區中得到升華。
5. He was an early riser
他是早起型的人
Famously quoted saying, 「early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy, and wise,」 Benjamin Franklin rose at 5am every morning, asking himself the question 「what good shall I do today?」
俗話說：「早睡早起使人健康、富有且智慧。」本傑明·富蘭克林每天早上5:00就起床了，同時還會自問「今天我能做什麼善事」。
6. He knew how to network
他懂得怎樣活絡交際
Ben Franklin made friends and business connections everywhere he went. Never a shy man, he had a way with people. Walter Isaacson, a biographer, says of Franklin: 「he had a happy talent of being at ease in almost any company, from scrappy tradesmen to wealthy merchants…His most notable trait was his personal magnetism.」 This personal magnetism was a huge asset to him in both his business and personal endeavors.
富蘭克林無論到哪都能結交到朋友和業務夥伴。他不是怕羞之人，很擅長與人交往。傳記作家沃爾特·艾薩克森評價富蘭克林說：「他擁有令人愉快的本領，能夠和任何人自在相處，不論那人是愛爭論的小販還是富有的商人……他最有魅力的性格就是他的氣場。」 這一氣場是他個人及業務發展的巨大財富。
7. He was a creative thinker
他是個創意思考的人
Ben Franklin was definitely not one to think inside the box. He is quoted saying, 「to create, we must first identify the problem, then offer the best solution possible.」 To mention a few, some of his inventions and discoveries include:
富蘭克林可不是陷在條條框框里思考的人。在他看來，創新就是發現問題所在，然後努力找到最好的解決辦法。以下是他的部分發明與發現：
The Franklin Stove
富蘭克林火爐
The first library
第一座圖書館
Electricity
電
Lightning rod
避雷針
Glass harmonica
水晶口琴
8. He learned how to prioritize his time
他懂得如何優化時間
From his daily hourly schele to rising at 5am every morning, Ben Franklin found ways to maximize his daily proctivity. He is quoted saying: 「Lose no time; be always employ』d in something useful; cut off all unnecessary actions.」 In other words, make the best use of your time and find ways to prioritize, in order to proce your best work possible.
從每天早上5:00起床的日程安排中，富蘭克林設法最大化提高自己的白天效率。他說：「不要浪費時間，隨時做有用的事情，杜絕任何不必要的行為。」也就是說，為了提高工作效率，我們應該盡可能利用並優化時間。
9. He was frugal
他很節儉
Ben Franklin included frugality as one of his 13 virtues. He realized the importance of living debt-free and spending minimally. He is quoted saying, 「a penny saved is a penny earned」 and 「when you run in debt, you give to another power over your liberty.」 In order to live a proctive life, it is helpful to not be plagued by the stress of debt.
「富蘭克林十三美德」中，有一條就是「儉朴」。他認為不欠債不亂花錢非常重要。他說：「省一分錢就等於掙一分錢。」「如果欠債，那說明你又失去了一份自由。」若想過上富有成效的生活，就應該避免被債務壓垮。
『伍』 英語高二閱讀怎麼做題
高二英語: 高二英語:高考英語閱讀理解解題策略和技巧 一, 題型解讀 從英語科《考試大綱》對考生閱讀理解能力測試的要求看,高考英語閱讀理解的命題思路突 出"得體地使用英語的能力;用英語獲取和處理信息的能力;用英語分析問題和解決問題的能力以 及批判性思維的能力". 按體裁劃分,英語的閱讀理解文章可分為記敘文,應用文,說明文和議論文,其中記敘文包括 新聞報道,人物傳記等,應用文包括廣告,通知,申請書,圖表文章等,說明文中科普類文章在 高考試題中出現的比較頻繁,議論文包括文化,歷史,教育,文學,還有社科類題材. 1.記敘文 記敘文 記敘文多以人物為中心,以時間或空間為線索,按事件的發生,發展和結局展開敘述.記敘文 的閱讀要注意: 1)注重對人物和事件的分析.了解記敘文的六要素,即時間,地點,人物,事件的起因,發展 和結果,從整體上把握文章的內容 2)理清文章的線索.記敘文都有一個貫穿全文的線索,以人物,事件,行蹤為線索,或以人物 的思想感情變化為線索.分析線索有利於把握文章的行文思路和文章的結構 3)弄清文章的記敘順序 4)分析各種描寫的方法並理解不同方法對不同主題的表達作用 5)注意分析記敘文中的議論和抒情文字 2.議論文 議論文 議論文是高考英語閱讀理解中必考的體裁,文章內容涉及人文類題材,如文化,歷史,教育, 風俗習慣,以及社會科學類,如社會學,心理學,經濟學,以及自然科學 ,生命科學等.在做這 類閱讀理解試題時要注意把握文章的論點,論據和論證.議論文的文章一般來說有一定的難度, 試題多為觀點辨認題,推理判斷題,寫作宗旨題和細節理解題,解題時要立足語篇,尋找與試題 有關的關鍵詞句,把握文章的內涵,不能主觀臆斷或憑空想像,更不能以自己的觀點代替作者的 觀點. 3.應用文 應用文 高考英語閱讀理解的內容更生活化,信息化,時代化,較多涉及廣告等應用文體.應用文是貼 近生活的文體,包括廣告,通知,申請書,圖表文章等,形式多樣,題材各異,是英語閱讀理解 中出現得較多的文體.從近年的高考英語閱讀理解試題看,應用文的題材出現的比較多,比如學 術活動安排,大學介紹,旅遊觀光全品等. 廣告文章的閱讀一般可採用跳讀,略讀等快速閱讀方法,快速瀏覽信息,先了解文章的大致結 構內容,再看試題,帶著問題在文章中搜尋相關信息;做此類閱讀理解時,是先看試題還是先看 文章應視個人的閱讀習慣和具體語篇而定,但廣告文章比較長,不必記住所有信息,而要抓住文 章的主要線索,再看試題,帶著試題的問題到相關信息處尋找答案. 新聞報道與科普文 4.新聞報道與科普文 新聞報道的文章在高考試卷閱讀理解中佔有一定的比例,文章短,句子結構比較復雜,要注意 正確理解文章的含義. 科普類文章包括太空與海洋,環境保護,發明創造,動物世界等,是高考英語閱讀中必不可少 的體裁,一般來好所科普類文章的特點為: 1)結構嚴謹,邏輯性強,文章有明確的主題,論證主題的事實以及清晰的文章結構,一般由導 入,背景,主體和結尾這幾個部分,主題局出現在文章的開頭或結尾.這種閱讀文章往往有比較 復雜的句子結構,長難句較多,句法分析比較困難,有時會使用多種語言現象,如被動與態,定 第1頁 共2頁 語匆遽,虛擬語氣等. 2)在處理科普類文章時要通讀短文,了解文章的主題,抓住體現主題的關鍵詞句,特別是長 難句的理解,這是理解文章和解題的關鍵. 5.高考閱讀理解還有海外風情類的文章,多為名勝古跡,地域特色,異域風光,英美國家節日 介紹等. 二,命題分析 從近年高考英語閱讀理解文章和試題看,主要有以下特點: 1.詞彙量保持穩定,並略有增長 .詞彙量保持穩定, 近幾年高考閱讀理解部分的閱讀量基本保持穩定,但自主命題省市新增加的其他閱讀理解考 查形式如閱讀填空,閱讀簡答題的出現使閱讀量略有上升,這增加意味著對閱讀速度的要求在提 高,因此我們要提醒和培養考生提高閱讀速度. 2.更加註重綜合理解能力的考查 . 閱讀理解能力測試的主要設題方式有:1)理解所讀材料的主旨和大意;2)理解文中用以說 明主旨和大意的事實和細節;3)根據上下文推斷詞,短語或句子的含義;4)根據文章的敘述, 作出簡單的推理判斷;5)理解文章的基本篇章結構;6)理解作者的意圖,觀點和態度. 閱讀理解題型為:主旨大意題;分析推理題;細節理解題;猜測詞義題;以細節判斷試題為 主,並加大深層次理解試題和篇章結構試題的考查力度. 3.更加註重語言材料的真實性 . 高考閱讀理解文章的語言材料一般都出自英美國家閱讀材料原文或適當修改,體現原汁原味, 即 in English, about English (cultures, countries, etc.),不會出現反映中國的人或事的文章 4.選材多樣化 . 閱讀理解試題體裁廣泛,一般有記敘文,議論文,說明文和應用文;題材涉及內容廣,在選 材方面,突出生態環保,人物傳記,名人軼事,社會風俗文化,大眾科普,廣告,文學作品,社 會熱點,時文報道等,這些題材能使考生擴大對異域文化的接觸. 5.閱讀速度要求每分鍾 60 單詞. . 單詞. 命題特點如下:閱讀材料的選擇盡量作到體裁分布均勻,題材多樣,語言地道,材料多為最 近幾年國內外報刊,雜志上具有時代性的原汁原味的文章.有很強的時代氣息. 三,應試技巧 常用解題方法(三遍閱讀法) 第一遍:瀏覽全文,把握文章大意 第二遍:掃讀語塊,搜索有效信息 第三遍:查讀題項,定位正確答案 閱讀理解題目設置類型 1 淺層理解 細節題 細節轉述題 數字題 圖表題 排序題 2 深層理解 中心思想 最佳標題 作者意圖 推斷題 劃線句子和段落在文章中的作用 閱讀理解應試技巧 閱讀理解應試技巧 1. 快速,准確地捕捉信息詞句,做好細節理解題 細節理解題 先瀏覽一遍題目,把題目的要求儲存在大腦中,帶著疑問去快速閱讀,然後找出與題目相關 的信息詞句加以理解分析,去偽存真.此種辦法能有效地避免做細節理解題時的失誤. 第2頁 共 2頁 【技巧總結】准確捕捉信息,注意對信息進行綜合分析,分清主次,真偽,避免受信息的干擾, 陷入高考題所設下的"陷阱",誤選干擾項,因為某些干擾選項在文章中也能找到"依據",具有很強 的迷惑性. 2. 進行推理判斷,做好推理判斷題全品高考網 推理判斷題全品高考網 推理判斷題 策略指導:深層含義通常是隱藏在文字背後的延伸之意,弦外之音,如作者的意圖,傾向, 語氣,人物的性格,心理,情感,故事的結局,事情的因果關系等.因此大家需調動自己的邏輯 思維能力,透過字里行間,去嚴密推理,合理想像. 【技巧總結】隱含信息並非"空穴來風", 而是"有源之水",即隱含信息也是以文章的語言為載 體.大家應准確捕捉信息,調動智力因素,嚴密推理,合理想像,忌"憑空想像 "或"斷章取義". 在閱讀理解中結合自己的常識進行判斷是必要的,但決不能以常識取代信息分析.推理判斷既要 嚴密,又要靈活. 3. 進行詞義的判斷,做好語意理解題 語意理解題 策略指導: 首先從詞彙所處的語境進行分析, 注意上下文之間的關系, 如果出現 that is, that 如: is to say 或破折號等, 我們可以斷定, 後面的內容是對前面內容的解釋; 如果出現轉折詞 but, however, yet 以及表示相反結果的 on the contrary, on the other hand 等,我們可以從所給內容相反的意義去考 慮. 【技巧總結】高考語意判斷題很多都是考查舊詞新義的理解.因此大家需把詞彙或短句的字 面意義與語境和上下文結合起來,選擇最切合文章內容,最符合上下文邏輯的意義,切忌望文生 義. 4. 抓住文章的中心和主線,做好主旨大意題 主旨大意題 主旨大 策略指導:讀完一篇短文後應有意識地回味一下文章的大致內容,理一理文章的脈絡,體會 一下段與段之間的內在聯系, 這樣做文章的中心一般都能概括出來, 涉及文章主旨大意方面的題目 自然會在頭腦中由模糊變清晰. 【技巧總結】我們在歸納文章主題時,一定要注意選項的內涵和外延必須能恰如其分地概括 文章的主題,既不能范圍過大,也不能把某一細節或側面誤當作主題.閱讀時我們還應注意捕捉 文章出現頻率較高的中心詞彙以及文章和段落的主題句.在選擇文章題目時,還應注意語言方面 的特點:文章題目往往具有凝練,醒目的特點. 5. 猜測詞義題 猜測詞義是從特定的角度考查考生的閱讀理解能力和處理生詞的能力.猜測詞義包括對詞, 片語和句意的理解,是高考英語試題閱讀理解中的一類必考題.猜測詞義題常見的解題方法如下: (1)根據上下文線索猜測詞義 任何一篇文章中的句子在內容上都不是絕對孤立的,都跟句子所在的段落及整篇文章有關. 利用上下文提供的情景和線索,進行合乎邏輯的綜合分析而推測詞義,是閱讀過程中的一大關鍵, 也是高考的熱點. (2)根據定義或解釋猜測詞義 閱讀文章中的有些生詞尤其是新聞報導及科普類文章中的生詞,往往在其後有對該詞進行解 釋說明性的短語或句子,如 to be, that is , mean, stand for, namely, to refer to, to mean ,in other words 等,有時也以同位語,定語從句的形式出現,或用破折號,括弧來表示. (3)根據反義詞或反義關系 有的文章作者為了增強表達效果,會用一對反義詞揭示事物的不同點,形成鮮明的對比,這 時只要把握其中的一詞,就不難推出另一詞的含義. (4)根據同義詞或近義詞關系 常見的引出同義詞的標志性詞語有 or, like, similarly 等. (5)利用例證性線索 某些冷僻的詞彙後面會舉一個例子,使詞彙具體易懂.等連接性詞語往往用來舉例說明前面 較難理解的名詞. (6)根據構詞法猜測詞義 閱讀中常會遇到一些由所熟悉的單詞派生或合成的新詞,可利用構詞法知識來推測其意思. 6. 閱讀理解中的長難句理解 策略指導:閱讀理解中的結構復雜的句子一般分為兩大類:第一類是由復合句或並列句構成的長 復雜句子;第二類是省略句.對於第一類句子,大家應抓其主幹成分,理解其主體意思,其他的 成分都是對主體意思的修飾和補充.對於第二類句子,大家應通過上下文找出省略成分,把句子 補充完整. 【技巧總結】結構復雜的句子往往出現在說明文或議論文中,這是造成考生心理緊張的主要 原因.大家應冷靜下來,結合文章所說明或議論的中心話題,抓住主幹,層層理解. 四 閱讀理解的主要題型 1 主旨大意 (一)這種題型常見的提問方式: (1) The best title/headline for this passage is _______. (2) The passage (or the first paragraph) is mainly about ________. (3) What is the main idea/topic/purpose/subject of the passage? (4) Which of the following titles best summarizes the main idea of the passage? (5) The passage mainly discusses/deals with ________. (6) Which of the following best states the theme of the passage? (7) What topic is treated in the passage? (8) The passage makes clear that ________. (二)怎樣概括段落大意和中心思想 段落大意即是段落的中心思想.它體現了作者對文章段落的寫作意圖,是該段落所有句意的集中 體現.概括段落大意的方法有:① 尋找主題句,有些段落大意在主題句上.主題句有的在句首, 有的在段中,有的在段尾.② 尋找關鍵詞,有些段落大意就散落在關鍵詞上. ③ 用讀者自己的 語言概括段落大意. 中心思想即對文章內容進行概括,掌握文章中心思想是英語閱讀的關鍵.概括中心思想主要有 三條要求:① 了解所閱讀文章的文體是說明文,記敘文還是議論文等.② 抓住文章的段落大意. 各段落大意的整體歸納就是文章的中心思想.③ 用簡明扼要的文字將文章的中心思想表達出來. (三)怎樣捕捉標題 文章的標題是段落中心思想的簡練的表達形式.它的特點是:短小精練,多為短語;涵蓋性強, 一般要求能覆蓋全文,其確定的范圍要恰當,既不能太大,也不能太小;精確性強,不能隨便改 變語言表意的程度和色彩.那麼如何迅速地捕捉標題呢?首先要在閱讀原文的基礎上,仔細考慮 這句話或者短語與文章主題是否有著密切的關系;其次要看它對文章的概括性或者覆蓋面如何; 然後還要看標題是否過大或者過小. 2 細節事實 (一)這種題型常見的提問方式: (1) Which of the following is NOT included/ mentioned in the passage? (2) Which of the following (sentences/statements) is NOT true? (3) According to the passage, all of the following are true except/but _____. (4) Choose the right order of the events given in the passage. 第3頁 共4頁 第4頁 共 4頁 (5) Which of the following maps/diagrams gives the right position of…? (6) Which of the drawings below gives an idea of what …is like? (二) 怎樣找到細節事實 (1) 直接辨認 就是直接從文章中獲取信息,難度不大,但是要十分仔細. (2) 間接辨認 就是不僅要求考生從文章中獲取信息, 而且要將獲取的信息用同義或者近的形式復 述出來. 3 猜測詞義 (一)這種題型常見的提問方式: (1) The word "…"in the passage means______. (2) The word "…" could be best replaced by ______. (3) Which of the following is nearest in meaning to _______. (4) The word "…" probably refers to _______. (5) According to the passage, the word "…" is known as ______. (6) From the context, we can infer that the word "…" means ______. (7) The phrase "…" is closest to _______. (8) By saying "…" the author means _______. (9) The passage uses the word "…" to refer to ______. (二) 猜測詞義的方法 ① 利用上下文,通過對應結構或者平行結構中的同義詞或者反義詞判斷. ② 利用定語從句,同位語從句等. ③ 根據關聯詞,如:but, however, yet, unlike, like, not only…but also. at the same time 等. ④ 利用構詞法(包括轉化詞,合成詞和派生詞). (三)實例演習 ① 同義詞猜測 He replied quickly. But after he considered the problem more carefully, he regretted having made such a hasty decision. ② 反義詞猜測 Unlike his brother, who is truly handsome man, John is quite homely. ③ 定義猜測 Jim just hummed the tone of the song; he didn't sing the words. ④ 通過原因與結果關系猜測 A dog ran into the road, causing the cyclist to swerve. People need time to grieve after the death of a loved one. ⑤ 通過描述和例證猜測 At the first glance, I was struck by his shabbiness---his overcoat was worn, his shoes were in bad shape, and his trousers were dirty. 4 推理判斷 (一)這種題型常見的提問方式: (1) We can know from the passage that ______. (2) We can infer from the (first/last) passage that ______. (3) The passage implies that ________. (4) The passage suggests that _________. 第5頁 共6頁 (5) It can be concluded from the passage that _______. (6) What can be concluded from the passage? (7) From the passage we can draw the conclusion that ______. (二)怎樣做出推理判斷 此題型是閱讀理解中較難的題型,多屬於深層次理解題.在試卷中數量不斷增多.它要求考生 根據上下文的內在聯系,充分挖掘文章的深層次內涵.做這類題時要注意:① 不要脫離原文只 憑自己的想像胡亂推理或只憑常識推理;答案一定要在文章中找到依據或理由,分析材料所提 供的全部事實.② 特別重視文章的主旨,所選答案的內容一定不能脫離主題大意. 注意:判斷,推理和結論的區別.判斷是對已知的事實做出合理的決定,而並非唯一的決 定.推理是從已知推理出未知(合理的猜測).而結論是以已知的事實為前提,得出的唯一合 理的決定.在做題時,注意題目中含有 know, what do you think/suppose…?的一般是判斷.含有 imply, suggest, infer, seem, appear, probably, most likely 等的一般是推理.有 conclude, draw the conclusion 的一般是結論. 5 作者意圖(態度) 作者意圖(態度) (一)這種題型常見的提問方式: (1) The author seems to be in favor of / against ______. (2) The author's purpose of writing this passage is _______. (3) The author may probably agree with/ support _______. (4) What's the author's attitude towards _______? (5) How does the author feel about ________? (6) The author implies that _______. (7) The author gives the impression that ________. (8) In the author's opinion, ________. (9) The tone of the author may be _______. (10) Which of the following can best describe the attitude towards ______? (二) 怎樣揣摩作者的意圖或態度 所謂作者的意圖,就是作者試圖在文章中要表達的思想,也就是其寫作目的.作者的意圖往往不 是擺在讀者面前的,它隱藏在字里行間,甚至文章之外,有的文章還有作者設置的種種假象.要 吃透文章,就要搜索文章的關鍵字眼和關鍵句子,要熟悉各種文體,尤其要把握作者的語氣,是 嚴肅或輕松,幽默或諷刺,平和或激動,樂觀或悲觀等等.此外,還要注意文章中一些細節性的 用詞,如 however, even though, but 等連接詞往往和作者的態度有關.在做題時,要時刻注意讀者 不可以根據自己的主觀臆斷下結論,所得出的結論應符合原文作者的意圖. 五 閱讀篇目題材形式特徵以及解題技巧 (一) 科技環保類 這類文章在高考中出現的的頻率最高,難度最大,長難句太多, 它們一 般是說明文,但有時也夾雜著敘述和議論,並經常出現一些較新的科技名詞或術語.考生如果經 常閱讀英語報紙報刊,具備比較豐富的課外知識,積累一定量的新詞彙,對解這類文章會大有幫 助. (二)人物故事類 一般為記敘文,有時也穿插說明和議論.這類文章一般難度不大.但是為了 提高難度,命題者往往使用倒敘,插敘或補敘等手段故意打亂故事的陳述次序,使行文的跳躍性 增大,故事情節復雜化.注意這類文章往往出現較多的人名或地名,會使沒有閱讀經驗的考生大 大降低閱讀理解的速度. (三)新聞報道類 這是日常生活中很常見的文體,在高考中出現的頻率也很高.這類文章語言 第6頁 共 6頁 簡約,含義豐富,句子多用省略,常用倒敘和插敘,並經常插入人物訪談或評論,思維的跳躍性 也很大,較多人名或地名.讀這種文章時,一定要在第一句話即新聞的導語上多下功夫.因為導 語是文章的總體概括.以下的正文部分往往是對導語展開敘述,相對容易理解. (四) 廣告信息類 (五)歷史地理類 在每年高考中幾乎都會出現.這類文章也是文字簡約,多省略句,多用圖 一般為說明文,偶爾也出現記敘文.這類文章也會出現較多的人名,地名等 表,生詞術語多,冗餘信息多.但是設題相對簡單,多為細節考查.可以採用跳讀. 專有名詞.對於這類詞,只要知道他們是指人或地方就行了,不必深究.注意歷史題材文章會出 現一些時間表達法,地理文章會出現一些方位表達法,這些都要了解. (六) 教育心理類 這類文章一般篇幅較長,多採用說明加議論的寫法,句子結構復雜,內容 抽象難懂,設題相對較多,難度較高.屬於"高檔題".所以,做好這類題對取得高分有決定性的意 義.這類文章經常考查對文章主旨大意的歸納和推斷作者的觀點.所以,一定要抓住文章的主題. 看每一段都說明了什麼問題,哪一句是文章的中心議題,以及哪些是作者用以說明這一議題的事 實,材料等.還要注意區分哪些是作者本人的觀點,哪些是作者引述別人的觀點等等. (七) 國外風情類 國外風情類的閱讀理解文章所涉及到過風俗人情的方法面面內容比較廣泛, 這類文章一般使用說明加記敘的寫法,趣味性較強,語言形象生動.考生若有類似的知識積累, 了解國外尤其是英美國家的一些文化習俗,對於理解這類文章非常有用. 困難,甚至理解不了.例如讓同學們閱讀一篇關於"水門汀事件"或"伊朗門事件"方面的英語文章, 如果同學們對這兩件事情的背景不清楚,閱讀起來就會摸不著頭腦.由此可見,文化背景知識是 進行閱讀理解的助手,考生一定要注意平時的積累. 八 生活經驗常識 閱讀理解的能力一般隨著生活經驗的豐富而不斷提高.例如由於小孩還沒有成年人的知識和 經驗,他們還看不懂成年人的文章,他們自然也就不喜歡成年人的讀物;人們對於自己所經歷的 事情一看就能明白,讀起來也就有興趣,而對於陌生領域的文章就感到困難.因此,同學們在平 時要多積累生活經驗. 九 習語及固定搭配知識 每一種語言都有自己的習慣用語和固定搭配.一般情況下,這些用語和固定搭配是不能單從 字面上來理解的,英語也是如此.如 eat one's words 的意思並不是"食言,說話不算數"而是"收回 前言, 為說錯話而道歉"; break one's words 的意思才是"食言, 失言". 又如, 如果把 have words with sb 理解為"跟某人談話",那麼就錯了,它的意思是"跟某人吵嘴";而 have a word / talk with sb 的 意思才是"跟某人談話".因此,這就要求同學們在平日的英語學習中必須進行廣泛的閱讀,積累, 掌握英語中的習語及固定搭配. 十 學科綜合知識 高考英語閱讀理解方面的短文不僅包括社會生活,政治經濟,文化教育各方面的知識,而且 也包括歷史,地理,物理,化學,生物,電腦技術 六 常見的閱讀方法 閱讀理解的正確作答,從整體上我們可以歸納為兩大思路: 第一,A→Q→A(A=Article,Q=Question),即先從整體去閱讀文章,後看問題,接著根據 文章去解答問題.對於這種解題思路多為考生在平時常用的練習方式,它可以幫助考生准確把握 文章的主旨大意及作者寫文章的目的意圖,因而對於解決綜合推理判斷的題目是非常好的方法, 但這種方法卻有其弊端:花費一定的時間,閱讀速度較慢.在考場上,時間對考生來說是極其寶 貴的,因而在考試中很多考生較少採用此種辦法. 第二,Q→A→Q,即先把整個問題快速看一遍,然後帶著問題在文章中找答案.此種方法最 大的特點就是節省時間,而且針對性很強,如果問題是事實性的和細節性的,那准確率也是比較 高的,但它的缺點就是在解決具有推理判斷或是綜合性的問題時效果就不太明顯了.所以考生應 該靈活應對,尋找適合自己的解題技巧.為此,筆者總結歸納出如下幾種方法: 1.直接法和排除法.所謂的直接法即為在文章中很容易找到的答案,類似這樣的題目大多設 計在開頭的小題目中,較為容易;排除法是根據你所閱讀的印象,可以發現這是虛假信息,在干 擾你的思維,有的干擾項在文章中隱藏得很深,需要你加倍留意. 2.相似法和跳讀法.考生可以根據題干中所出現的相關的重要的某幾個信息詞或句式,在文 章的某一處找到其相同或相似的詞及句式,然後根據此處所提供的信息進行加工整合,最終提煉 出精華,實際上這一處理過程就包含了跳讀法,考生不需要逐字逐行地去查找,根據題乾的提示 跳讀找到相關的句子,加以分析推敲,從而找到正確的答案. 3.猜測法和推敲法.在高考的試題當中經常會出現這樣的題目,即讓考生根據某一段話來猜 測某一生詞或句子的意思,對此考生只能在某一出處細細品味推敲上下文所包含的意思,從而找 到答案. 4.概括法和推理法.此種方法主要用來解決一組題目中的最後一二道綜合題目,這類題目難 度相對較大,需要考生具有一定的解題能力,運用概括推理法的前提條件是認真閱讀文章開頭一 段和最後的結尾,同時文章中每一段的第一句話. 快速提升英語閱讀, 快速提升英語閱讀,需要養成的十個好習慣 1.不要反復瀏覽.凡是科技讀物,一般只須順著讀一遍即可.如有必要,也要等整篇 讀完之後,再回過頭重復某項內容.避免眼睛不斷地來回轉動. 2.採用"篩選"式閱讀法.有意識地為涉獵專業所需的信息而讀. 3.要默讀,不要朗讀.發聲的閱讀是快速法的大敵. 4.閱讀時,視線應與讀物成垂直線,並充分發揮視線的"餘光"作用,多覽到一些內容. 5.要聚精會神地閱讀.快速閱讀必須有"強化"的注意力. 6.提倡有理解地閱讀.閱讀時,抓住實質性的關鍵詞.讀物的內容實質,正是閱讀時 應弄通的重點.理解,就是探索出讀物的思想意義. 7.在閱讀中,運用要領記憶的基本方法,有目的地去記.不必去記無關緊要的詞句, 卻要記住作者意圖及內容實質. 8.學會運用多種形式的學習法,不斷提高閱讀速度. 9.經常訓練自己的閱讀能力,便能鞏固已經取得的成果. 10. 適當練習限時閱讀,提高閱讀速度.力爭 35 分鍾完成 5 篇文章. 七 文化背景知識 文化背景包括政治,經濟,社會,科學技術,天氣情況,地理環境,人物的性格特點及知識 水平等各個方面.如果背景知識豐富,閱讀起來輕而易舉;如果背景知識貧乏,閱讀起來就感到 第7頁 共8頁 第8頁 共 8頁
『陸』 江蘇高考英語
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2006年高考英語江蘇卷試題及答案
第二部分：英語知識運用（共兩節, 滿分45分）
第一節：單項填空（共15小題，每小題1分，滿分15分）
從A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項,並在答題卡上將該項塗黑。
例：It is generally considered unwise to give a child he or she wants.
A. however B. whatever C .whichever D. whenever
答案是B.
21. --- I think I』ll give Bob a ring.
--- You _______. You haven』t been in touch with him for ages.
A. will B. may C. have to D. should
22. My most famous relative of all, _______ who really left his mark on America, was Rob Sussel, my great-grandfather..
A. one B. the one C. he D. someone
23. --- I don』t suppose the police know who did it.
--- Well, surprisingly they do. A man has been arrested and ________ now.
A. has been questioned B. is being questioned
C. is questioning D. has questioned
24. This new model of car is so expensive that it is _______ the reach of those with average income.
A. over B. within C. beyond D. below
25. --- Are you going to have a holiday this year?
--- I』d love to. I can』t wait to leave this place _______.
A. off B. out C. behind D. over
26. The committee is discussing the problem right now. it will _______ have been solved by the end of next week.
A. eagerly B. hopefully C. immediately D. graally
27. Although medical science __________ control over several dangerous diseases, what worries us is that some of them are returning.
A. achieved B. has achieved C. will achieve D. had achieved
28. --- It took me ten years to build up my business, and it almost killed me.
--- Well, you know what they say. _________.
A. There is no smoke without fire B. Practice makes perfect
C. All roads lead to Rome D. No pains, no gains
29. The owner of the cinema needed to make a lot of improvements and employ more people to keep it running, ______ meant spending tens of thousands of pounds.
A. who B. that C. as D. which
30. Whenever he was asked why he was late for class, he would answer carelessly, always ______ the same thing.
A. saying B. said C. to say D. having said
31. _______ environmental damage is done, it takes many years for the ecosystem (生態系統) to recover.
A. Even if B. If only C. While D. Once
32. --- There is a story here in the paper about a 110-year-old man.
--- My goodness! I can』t imagine _________ that old.
A. to be B. to have been C. being D. having been
33. I wish you』d do ________ talking and some more work. Thus things will become better.
A. a bit less B. any less C. much more D. a little more
34. A poet and artist ________ coming to speak to us about Chinese literature and painting tomorrow afternoon.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
35. We haven』t settled the question of ______ it is necessary for him to study abroad.
A. if B. where C. whether D. that
第二節 完型填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）
請認真閱讀下面短文，從短文後各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，並在答題卡上將該項塗黑。
I know I should have told the headmaster at the time. That was my real 36 .
He had gone out of the study for some 37 , leaving me alone. In his absence I looked to see 38 was on his desk. In the 39 was a small piece of paper on which were written the 40 「English Writing Prize 1949. History Is a Serious of Biographies (人物傳記)」.
A(n) 41 boy would have avoided looking at the title as soon as he saw the 42 . I did not. The subject of the English Writing Prize was kept a 43 until the start of the exam so I could not 44 reading it.
When the headmaster 45 , I was looking out of the window.
I should have told him what had 46 then. It would have been so 47 to say: 「I』m sorry, but I 48 the title for the English Writing Prize on your desk. You』ll have to 49 it.」
The chance passed and I did not 50 it. I sat the exam the next day and I won. I didn』t 51 to cheat, but it was still cheating anyhow.
That was thirty-eight years 52 when I was fifteen. I have never told anyone about it before, 53 have I tried to explain to myself why not.
The obvious explanation is that I could not admit I had seen the title 54 admitting that I had been looking at the things on his desk. 55 there must have been more behind it. Whatever it was, it has become a good example of how a little mistake can trap (使陷入) you in a more serious moral corner (道德困境).
36. A. plan B. fault C. grade D. luck
37. A. reason B. course C. example D. vacation
38. A. this B. which C. that D. what
39. A. drawer B. corner C. middle D. box
40. A. names B. words C. ideas D. messages
41. A. honest B. handsome C. friendly D. active
42. A. desk B. paper C. book D. drawer
43. A. question B. key C. note D. secret
44. A. help B. consider C. practise D. forget
45. A. disappeared B. stayed C. returned D. went
46. A. existed B. remained C. happened D. continued
47. A. tiring B. easy C. important D. difficult
48. A. saw B. gave C. set D. made
49. A. repeat B. defend C. correct D. change
50. A. take B. have C. lose D. find
51. A. remember B. learn C. mean D. pretend
52. A. past B. ago C. then D. before
53. A. either B. never C. nor D. so
54. A. by B. besides C. through D. without
55. A. But B. Though C. Otherwise D. Therefore
第三部分：閱讀理解（共20小題，每題2分，滿分40分）
請認真閱讀下列短文，從短文後各題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項,並在答題卡上將該項塗黑。
A
The Marches were a happy family. Poverty, hard work, and even the fact that Father March was away with the Union armies could not down the spirits of Meg, Jo, Amy, and Marmee, as the March girls called their mother.
The March sisters tried to be good but had their share of faults. Pretty Meg was often displeased with the schoolchildren she taught; boyish Jo was easy to become angry; golden-haired schoolgirl Amy liked to show up; but Beth, who kept the house, was loving and gentle always.
The happy days passed and darkness came when a telegram arrived for Mrs. March. 「Your husband is very ill,」 it said, 「come at once.」 The girl tried to be brave when their mother left for the front. They waited and prayed. Little Beth got scarlet fever (猩紅熱) when she was taking care of the sick neighbor. She became very ill but began to recover by the time Marmee was back. When Father came home from the front and at that joyful Christmas dinner they were once more all together.
Three years later the March girls had grown into young womanhood. Meg became Mrs. Brooke, and after a few family troubles got used to her new state happily. Jo had found pleasure in her literary efforts. Amy had grown into a young lady with a talent for design and an even greater one for society. But Beth had never fully regained her health, and her family watched her with love and anxiety.
Amy was asked to go and stay in Europe with a relative of the Marches. Jo went to New York and became successful in her writing and had the satisfaction of seeing her work published there. But at home the bitterest blow was yet to fall. Beth had known for some time that she couldn』t live much longer to be with the family and in the spring time she died.
News came from Europe that Amy and Laurie, the grandson of a wealthy neighbor, had planned to be married soon. Now Jo became ever more successful in her writing and got married to Professor Bhaer and soon afterwards founded a school for boys.
And so the little women had grown up and lived happily with their children, enjoying the harvest of love and goodness that they had devoted all their lives to.
56. The members of the March family were Father March, Mrs. March and their _______.
A. four daughters B. five daughters
C. son and four daughters D. son and five daughters
57. Who was the most successful in career (事業) among the March girls?
A. Jo B. Beth C. Amy D. Meg
58. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?
A. The march Family B. The March Parents
C. The March Girls D. The March Relatives
59. It can be inferred from the passage that the March family had ______.
A. both happiness and sadness B. wealthy neighbors
C. more girls than boys D. a lot of rich relatives
B
The first reality TV show in the world was called Expedition Robinson and it was shown in Sweden in 1997. Half the population of the country watched the final event and a new kind of TV program was born. Two years later in Holland , the first series of Big Brother was filmed. Again, it was a great success and the final program was watched by 15 million people. Now more than 20 countries around the world have Big Brother or Expedition Robinson on their TV screens. The ordinary people who take part in the programs are known by millions of people in their own countries and reality TV has become big, big business.
For the TV procers, reality TV is a dream come true because many of the programs cost nothing to make. At some point, the television viewers are asked to telephone the program to vote or to apply to take part in the show. It is the cost of these telephone calls that pays for the shows. One of the most popular shows is Pop Idol. In the show a group of attractive young people are made into pop stars. TV viewers vote for their favorite person on the show. The winner makes a record and millions of copies of the record are sold. His or her pictures are published on the covers of magazines or on the front pages of newspapers, and then, they are quickly forgotten.
But not everyone is happy about reality TV. In Portugal, two TV channels got into trouble because they showed too much of the personal lives of the people in the shows. In France, reality TV is called 「rubbish TV」 and the TV studios of Big Brother were attacked three times in one week. In Greece, Big Brother was described as 「 against human rights and civilization」.
61. Those who take part in the reality TV shows are usually _____.
A. common people B. pop TV stars C. attractive people D. famous film stars
62. Who would pay for the cost of the reality TV shows according to the passage?
A. TV procers who make reality TV shows
B. TV actors who take part in reality TV shows.
C. TV viewers who telephone reality TV shows
D. TV companies which broadcast reality TV shows
63. It can be concluded from the passage that ______.
A. everyone is happy about reality TV.
B. reality TV will do well in many countries.
C. all the people in Europe are in favor of reality TV
D. reality TV will not be broadcast in any countries.
C
64. According to Advertisement 1, the famous yearly competition is ______.
A. a music competition B. an eating competition
C. a cooking competition D. a pleasure-taking competition
65. People who come to watch the competition earliest may _______.
A. get the best watching position B. get the best food.
C. watch whatever they want to D. take good pictures
66. The best title for Advertisement 2 would be _______.
A. The Vikings B. Reliving of the Vikings
C Frojel D. A Viking Reliving Society
67. From the advertisement we know that Frojel used to be ______.
A. a Viking club. B. a family-based society
C. a European island D. a trading center
D
In a recently published book, I came across some exercises with interesting names such as fishbone diagrams, lotus flowers and clustering. As I used these exercises in my classes, I noticed that students were interested. They said more and wrote more. They enjoyed expressing their ideas and sharing them in groups. They were no longer passively waiting for the bell , but actively taking part in the lesson. I find that creativity can act as a way to increase participation and improve fluency.
Creativity has become a popular word in recent years. Scholars in arts, psychology, business, ecation and science are all working to get a deeper understanding of it. Robert J. Stemberg is a creativity specialist and Yale professor of psychology. He defines creativity as 「the ability to proce work that is both new (original) and appropriate(applicable to the situation ) 」. this definition is useful, as we want our students to use language in a new way and to use it correctly and properly. Mot scholars say there are two types of creativity: big 「C」 creativity and small 「c」 creativity. Big 「C」 creativity refers to genius level thinking that results in artistic masterpieces and scientific breakthroughs. Small 「c」 creativity refers to everyday level thinking that can be used in any situation our emphasis is on the latter. While it goes without saying that any of our students could go on to be the next Picasso or Edison, our aim is to help students proce more ideas and use language in a new way.
68. The underlined words 「waiting for the bell 」 in the first paragraph probably means______.
A. longing for a phone call B. hoping to have a bell
C. expecting the end of the class D. waiting to speak in the class
69. It can be inferred from the passage that the author thinks the exercises in the book were _____.
A. popular B. useful C. scientific D. creative
70. When you use a familiar word in a new way, you are ________.
A creative in the sense of big 「C」 creativity.
B. creative in the sense of small 「c」 creativity..
C. not creative in the sense of big 「C」 creativity..
D. not creative in the sense of small 「c」 creativity.
71. The main purpose of the passage is to _________.
A. show how useful the book is.
B, explain what creativity
C. discuss how one can be creative
D. tell what reaching aims at
E
A new eight-kilometer road is under construction that links the port area with motorway system. It is expected to carry 20,000 trucks and cars a day, which greatly reces the overcrowded traffic in the center of the city. As part of the project, two four-kilometer road tunnels are being built below the central area of the city, one for traffic to the north and the other for the traffic to the south. The two tunnels are about 20 meters below the surface and are 12 meters wide, providing for two lanes of traffic in each direction.
In the upper part of the tunnel two air-conditioning pipes remove the waste gas of trucks and cars and keep the quality of air inside the tunnel. The lighting is at the top of the tunnel, practically at its highest point. There will also be electric signs at frequent intervals. They show traffic conditions ahead and can be seen clearly by drivers. The wall is made up of four main elements, which include a waterproofing covering and, on the inside of the tunnel, a concrete lining.
Each tunnel is roughly round and the lower part of the tunnel is somewhat flat. The surface of the road lies on the base, which is made of concrete and steel. The drainage system, just below the road surface on one side, removes any extra liquid, particularly water. In the event of fire, the fire main, which is made of steel, pipes water to many fire hydrant stations at regular intervals along the length of the tunnel. The fire main is at the side of the tunnel and at the level of the road surface. Other systems in the tunnel will include emergency phones.
72. Each of the tunnels under construction is _____.
A. eight kilometers long and twenty meters wide
B. eight kilometers long and six meters wide
C. four kilometers long and twenty meters wide
D. four kilometers long and six meters wide
73. Which part of the tunnel in the diagram is used to pipe out extra water?
A. 1 B. 3 C. 5 D 6
74. Driving in the tunnel, one can know the traffic conditions ahead through______.
『柒』 2006高考英語江蘇卷
2006年普通高等學校招生全國統一考試英語試卷江蘇卷
第一卷(選擇題共115分)
第一部分：聽力（共兩節，滿分30分）
第一節（共5小題；每小題1. 5分，滿分7. 5分）
聽下面5段對話。每段對話後有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，並標志在試卷的相慶位置。聽完每段對話後，你都有10秒鍾的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A. ￡19. 15 B. ￡9. 15 C. ￡9. 18
l. How much will the man pay for the tickets?
A. ￡7. 5. B. ￡15. C. ￡50.
2. Which is the right sate for the man's flight?
A. Gate 16. B. Gate 22. C. Gate 25.
3. How does the man feel about going to school by bike?
A. Happy. B. Tired. C. Worried.
4. When can the woman get the computers?
A. On Tuesday. B. On Wednesday. C. On Thursday.
5. What does the woman think of the shirt for the party?
A. The size is not large enough. B. The material is not good. C. The color is not suitable.
第二節(共15小題;每小題1. 5分，滿分22. 5分)
聽下面5段對話。每段對話後有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，並標在試卷的相應位置。聽每段對話前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鍾；聽完後，各小題將給出5秒鍾的作答時間。每段對話讀兩遍。
聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。
6. What can we learn about Mr. Brown?
A. He is in his office. B. He is at a meeting. C. He is out for a meal.
7. What will the man probably do next?
A. Call back. B. Come again. C. Leave a message.
聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。
8. What kind of room does the man want to take?
A. A single room. B. A double room. C. A room for three.
9. What does the man need to put in the form?
A. Telephone and student card numbers.
B. Student card number and address.
C. Address and telephone number.
聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。
10. What is the relationship between the speakers?
A. Fellow clerks.
B. Boss and secretary.
C. Customer and salesperson.
11. What does the man like about his job?
A. Living close to the office.
B. Chances to go abroad.
C. Nice people to work with.
12. What do we know about the woman?
A. She likes traveling.
B. She is new to the company.
C. She works in public relations.
聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。
13. When will the visitors come?
A. In March. B. In April. C. In May.
14. How many visitors are coming?
A. 8. B. 10. C. 12.
15. What will the visitors do on the second day?
A. Go to party. B. Visit schools. C. Attend a lecture.
16. Where will the visitors go on the final day?
A. To London. B. To Scotland. C. To the coast.
聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。
17. What is the first word the baby tried to say?
A. Truck. B. OK. C. Duck.
18. How old was the baby when he learned to say that word correctly?
A. About 18 months
B. About 21 months
C. About 24 months
19. What did the father do when the baby screamed that word at the airport?
A. He corrected the baby.
B. He tried to stop the baby.
C. He did himself somewhere.
20. Why did the mother pretend not to know the baby?
A. She got angry with the father.
B. She was frightened by the noise.
C. She felt uneasy about the noisy baby.
第二部分：英語知識運用(共兩節，滿分45分)
第一節：單項選擇(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)
請認真閱讀下面各題目，從題中所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，並在答題卡上將該項塗黑。
21. -- I think I'll give Bob a ring.
-- You ________. You haven't been in touch with 'him for ages.
A. will B. may C. have to D. should
22. My most famous relative of all, _______ who really left his mark on America, was Reb Sussel, my great-grandfather.
A. one B. the one C. he D. someone
23. -- I don't suppose the police know who did it.
-- Well, surprisingly they do. A man has been arrested and ______ now.
A. has been questioned B. is being questioned
C. is questioning D. has questioned
24. This new model of car is so expensive that it is ________ the reach of those with average incomes.
A. over B. within C. beyond D. below
25. -- Are you going to have a holiday this year?
-- I'd love to. I can't wait to leave this place ___________.
A. off B. out C. behind D. over
26. The committee is discussing the problem right now. It will _________ have been solved by the end of next week.
A. eagerly B. hopefully C. immediately D. graally
27. Although medical science ______ control over several dangerous diseases, what worries us is that some of them are returning.
A. achieved B. has achieved C. will achieve D. had achieved
28. -- It took me ten years to build up my business, and it almost killed me.
-- Well, you know what they say. ___________.
A. There is no smoke without fire B. Practice makes perfect
C. All roads lead to Rome D. No pains, no gains
29. The owner of the cinema needed to make a lot of improvements and employ more people to keep it running, __________ meant spending tens of thousands of pounds.
A. who B. that C. as D. which
30. Whenever he was asked why he was late for class, he would answer carelessly, always ________ the same thins.
A. saying B. said C. to say ______ D, having said
31. _________ environmental damage is done, it takes many years for the ecosystem (生態系統) to recover.
A. Even if B. If only C. While D. Once
32. -- There is a story here in the paper about a 110-year-old man.
-- My goodness! I can't imagine________ that old.
A. to be B. to have been C. being D. having been
33. I wish you'd do _________ talking and some more work. Thus things will become better.
A. a bit less B. any less C. much more______ D, a little more
34. A poet and artist _________ coming to speak to us about Chinese literature and painting afternoon.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
35. We haven't settled the question of ______ __ it is necessary for him to study abroad.
A. if B. where C. whether D. that
第二節：完形填空(共20小題；每小題1. 5分，滿分30分)
請認真閱讀下面短文，從短文後各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，並在答題卡上將該項塗黑。
I knew I should have told the headmaster at the time. That was my real 36_______.
He had gone out of the study for some ___37___, leaving me alone. In his absence I looked to see___38___was on his desk. In the___39___was a small piece of paper on which were written the___40___「English Writing Prize 1949: History Is a Series of Biographies (人物傳記)」.
A(n)___41___boy would have avoided looking at the title as soon as he saw the___42___. I did not. The subject of the English Writing Prize was kept a___43___until the start of the exam so I could not___44___reading it.
When the headmaster___45___, I was looking out of the window.
I should have told him what had ___46___ then. It would have been so ___47___ to say: "I'm sorry but I ___48___ the title for the English Writing Prize on your desk. You'll have to ___49___ it. "
The chance passed and I did not ___50___ it. I sat the exam the next day and I won. I didn't___51___to cheat, but it was still cheating anyhow.
That was thirty-eight years___52___when I was fifteen. I have never told anyone about it before,___53___have I tried to explain to myself why not.
The obvious explanation is that I could not admit I had seen the title ___54___ admitting that I had been looking at the things on his desk.___55___ there must have been more behind it. Whatever it was, it has become a good example of how a little mistake can trap (使陷入) you in a more serious moral corner (道德困境).
36. A. plan B. fault C. grade D. luck
37. A. reason B. course C. example D. vacation
38. A. this B. which C. that D. what
39. A. drawer B. comer C. middle D. box
40. A. names B. words C. ideas D. messages
41. A. honest B. handsome C. friendly D. active
42. A. desk B. paper C. book D. answer
43. A. question B. key C. note D. secret
44. A. help B. consider C. practise D. forget
45. A. disappeared B. stayed C. returned D. went
46. A. existed B. remained C. happened D. continued
47. A. tiring B. easy C. important D. difficult
48. A. saw B. gave C. set D. made
49. A. repeat B. defend C. correct D. change
50. A. take B. have C. lose D. find
51. A. remember B. learn C. mean D. pretend
52. A. past B. ago C. then D. before
53. A. either B. never C. nor D. so
54. A. by B. besides C. through D. without
55. A. But B. Though C. Otherwise D. Therefore
『捌』 急!英語閱讀理解的選擇題如何有技巧地做
高考英語閱讀理解題主要是由閱讀短文後的試題組成的。閱讀理解短文選材廣泛，內容豐富，往往涉及到日常生活、人物傳記、國內外風土人情、故事傳說、社會文化、政治經濟、史地科技、自然現象、新聞報道、體育活動、廣告說明、書信通知、目錄等許多方面的內容。文體多採用敘述、描寫、說明、議論及應用文等。年年來，高考閱讀理解題都由五篇短文組成，一般分易、中、難三種難易程度。掌握高考英語閱讀理解題的應試技巧，正確地理解和分析問題，考生應從以下幾個方面入手：
1. 抓住文章的首段與末段及段落的首句和末句
文章的首段與末段、段落的首句和末句，一般表達文章的主題和段落中心思想，其它段落及句子只起補充、說明、解釋或引申的作用。因此，首先要搜索目標，找出文章及段落中的主題句。了解了它們的含義，就可以順著提供的主要線索去捕捉文章的相關信息，從而獲得解決問題的答案。
2. 進行合理推斷
對文章有了詳細而全面的理解之後，就要按照文章內容、上下文的邏輯關系，作出推理判斷。閱讀理解涉及詞彙、語法、句型、段落結構、文化背景等各方面知識。答題時，領會句子之間的邏輯關系，特別是相鄰句子之間的關系，這樣有利於理解全文。表示邏輯關系的標志詞是連接詞、副詞、代詞、介詞短語、關系詞、插入語等，通讀時應特別注意。如：if, because, though, as, which, it, and, but, however, therefore, so, for example, so that, so...that, on one hand...on the other hand... 等詞語。它們在上下文中具有條件、原因、讓步、指代、遞進、對比、列舉、結果、目的、承上啟下等作用，正確理解並掌握這些詞彙的作用，對做閱讀理解是大有好處的。
3. 猜測推敲生詞
閱讀短文時，常常會遇到一些生詞。這時，考生要沉著，冷靜，細心思考。首先要把整段、整篇文章看完。通過對全篇短文的理解，就很有可能猜測出生詞的大意。另外，還可以從含有生詞句子的上下文，以及句子和段落之間的關系來判斷、理解生詞以求獲得其真正含義。猜測生詞的另一種方法是，根據構詞法推測。遇到生詞後，可從構詞法角度分析判斷生詞。例如：unforeseeable一詞，其中詞根為see，fore的含義是「早先、預先」的意思，un前綴是「不」的意思，因此可以猜知，此詞詞義為「未能預見的」。
4. 利用常識解題
多了解一些常識性知識有利於閱讀理解。如果對文章的相關背景有所了解，讀起文章一定既省時又省力。因此，在學習過程中，了解各方面的背景知識是十分重要的。考生應了解下列知識：
（1）著名作家、藝術家及其主要作品；（2）科普常識：盡量了解有關生態平衡、環境污染、計算機應用、諾貝爾獎等方面的知識；（3）了解西方社會風土人情、社交活動、新年、聖誕節活動、宗教信仰、罷工斗爭、失業現象、風俗習慣等；（4）看新聞聯播、世界各地和各類英語講座等節目；（5）使用各種工具書；（6） 查閱各類名詞、術語、重大事件；（7）熟記常用的縮略詞語。
5. 正確理解題綱
縱觀歷年高考試題，閱讀理解試題一般有以下幾種題型：一是直接回答who, whom, which, what, where, when, why, how等疑問詞引起的細節問題；二是猜測詞義題；三是推理判斷題；四是綜合概括題。在做閱讀理解題時，一定要仔細看完，看清楚試題要求再作答，特別要注意NOT，TRUE，EXCEPT等詞。有時，要先看題，後閱讀文章，帶著問題去讀短文，可縮短閱讀時間，效果也許會更好。
『玖』 2018年河北高考英語難度解析及英語試卷答案點評（word文字版下載）
2018年河北高考英語難度解析及英語試卷答案點評（word文字版下載）
一、必須重視課本的依託
很多考生在備考的過程中都會存在這樣的誤區，他們每天疲資應對老師布置的家庭作業，忙碌而焦慮地完成一張又一張的習題，卻忽略了對課本的關注。殊不知，教材是知識點的載體，各種各樣的知識點通過教材這個載體表現出來，不管考試的試題如何靈活多變，也無論試題難度究竟多大，其塵歲絕考查內容都來自課本。
堅持以教材為主，以課文閱讀為主線，讓學生逐步消化其中的詞彙知識，夯實基礎，全面培養、提高其英語聽、讀、寫的能力。課文復習的形式很多，這要以學生的水平和特點來確定在基礎較差的普通班級宜以教師幫助歸納疏理或以講解為主，歸類法是課文復習中最常見的方法，也是最實用的方法之一。可以將課文按體裁分類，將記敘文、說明文、議論文、劇木分塊復習。在復習每篇課文前，保證做到以下幾方面:
(1)熟讀課文，背出主要句型，並能復述大意。
(2)列出課文巾的知識點、語言點。
(3)寫出看不懂的長難句子及疑難問題。
(4)指出一些語法現象等。
同時，詞彙掌握不要局限在教材和大綱之內，平時報刊、資料泛讀中及上網時要加強對社會、生活中常用詞彙和熱點詞彙匯的擴解與積累，「巧婦難為無米之炊」嘛!
二、語法復習必須注重訓練
縱觀高考考題，我們發現不僅是語法選擇題，其它的考試項目，如閱讀理解及作文等，都不可避免地要運用語法來分析句子結構等等，絕不能忽視語法知識的復習。教師要減少單純的語法考查，降低語法的難度，增加語境，加強語境中對理解、推理能力的考查。在這個過程中，教師要鑽研教材，分清主次，充分發揮教師的主導作用，幫助學生對基礎知識進行梳理歸納，逐步培養其學習興趣和自學能力。
語法復習課的安排要遵循認知規律，應是一個從易到難，由簡到繁的過程。要在有限的時間內既系統復習所有中學語法項目，又要抓住重點、突破難點，沒有周密的安排是絕對行不通的。因此復習時不妨教師先歸納講解某語法項目的重點難點，然後再操練句型。句型操練有各種形式，常見的有造句、改錯、填空、翻譯訓練等等。每一類語法項目的復習可以分三個板塊進行:復習要點(附課本例句)、主要考點(列舉高考題)、精選練習(突出語境，強調運用能力)。
三、必須重視完形填空由弱到強的訓練
完形填空是學生的弱項，需要重點訓練分析近年完形填電題，大多數選項旨在考查考生在整篇語境中如何運用研學固定語法結構和對整個語篇的理解能力以及原文章的理解能力。故而在解題時首要的任務是跳過空白，或結合首段、首句、結尾等綜合分析，追尋主線，自然完形，如果考生對整篇文章的文脈與主線把握不住，那麼要完成是不可能的。
完形填空有兩種:一種是無選擇填空;一種是有選擇填空。目前我們做的是後者，是比較容易的一種。但是在做的時候，最好以前者無選擇填空作為訓練內容。換句話說，先不忙去看後面的選題，首先自己讀一遍有空缺的語篇，看能不能填上什麼詞，或者說可能填什麼詞，然後再帶著這個問題明確到選項中尋找和你推測雀則相近的詞彙。
四派姿、必須重視閱讀的訓練
閱讀能力的前提和基礎，是保證閱讀能力向質的飛躍的關鍵，沒有足夠的閱讀量，就無法掌握閱讀技巧，提高閱讀水平。在閱讀時要首先注意內容的廣泛性。高考閱讀題涉及日常生活、人物傳記、新聞報導、文化教育、史地知識、科普作品等。題材有記敘文、議論文、說明文等。如新聞的第一句話一般揭示文章的大意，交代事件發生時間、地點、人物、前後因果等。新聞標題、電視語言則多使用省略句。了解各種文章的特點會對提高閱讀能力大有裨益。
其次在閱讀中，要慎重選材。選材要適合學生水平，能激發學生的興趣和閱讀積極性。有此老師只考慮到擴大詞彙量和迅速提高解題能力，一味偏重選生詞多的文章和出難題，其結果往往挫傷了學生的積極性，這對提高能力極其不利。另外，在大量閱讀的基礎上不斷地總結成功經驗和失敗教訓，逐步地使同學們養成達標的'閱讀速度和具備嫻熟的閱讀技巧。在實踐中，應著力培養五個方面的能力:①快速的瀏覽能力;②巧妙的猜詞能力;③獨立的分析能力;④准確的捕捉主題句的能力;⑤合乎邏輯的判斷能力。學生掌握了這些閱讀技巧，就如虎添翼，完全具備了自學能力。畢業後，在學習和工作中他們將會受益無窮.
五、必須重視寫作能力的培養
書面表達能力的提高一方面需要大量閱讀，另一方面離不開反復地進行語言基本功的訓練。英語寫作能力並非是一激而就，「冰凍三尺，非一日之寒」，它必須由簡到繁，由易到難，由淺人深，一環緊扣一環，循序漸進地進行訓練。要學生寫出最簡單的短句，在進行組詞造句，組句成段練習的基砂上，為以後英語作文寫作打好扎實的基礎。
平時強化詞彙、語法知識的運用，背誦一定篇目的經典範文，並在此基礎上多讀、多寫，養成良好的寫作習慣。!培養學生良好的寫作習慣，在寫作教學的起始階段，是非常重要的。首先，審題要認真。要求學生根據寫作任務，認真審讀圖表或提綱，捕捉信息，領會意圖，確定文章體裁及時態.
其次，要編寫提綱。寫出每個段落主題句關鍵詞，然二後確定內容要點和細節。教師可以引導學生構思文章要點。然後進行初稿寫作。學生經過審題和列提綱後，開始一寫作。教師應能指導學有意識地使用關聯詞，使用固定句型，把段落按邏輯順序連成一體，初稿形成要基本連貫。;當然寫作後的檢查也是必不可少的。學生完成初稿後，檢:查是書面表達不可缺少約環節。老師指導學生從各個方面進行查錯和修改。
總之，高三英語學習是一個艱苦奮斗的過程，只有策略、技巧和方法是不夠的，還必須有刻苦學習的恆心和毅力。在學好教材的基礎上，採用系統歸納的方法，輔之以適應性訓練，這樣才有利於學生掌握記憶，費時少，收效快，這需要教師精心備課，需要教師有意識地把學生的注二意力吸引到應用巨來。這樣，學生才能將復習的知識轉化為能力，才能真正全面提高英語成績。