職稱英語閱讀理解指南

❶ 職稱英語閱讀理解題

職稱英語閱讀理解題

在職稱英語考試的六大題型中閱讀理解占的分數最高達45分,將近總成績的'一半,關系著考試的成敗。下面是我整理的關於職稱英語的閱讀理解題以及參考答案，歡迎大家練習!

第一篇：

The Only Way Is Up

Think of a modern city and the first image that come to mind is the skyline. It is full of great buildings, pointing like fingers to heaven. It is true that some cities don’t permit buildings to go above a certain height. But these are cities concerned with the past. The first thing any city does when it wants to tell the world that it has arrived is to build skyscrapers.

When people gather together in cities, they create a demand for land. Since cities are places where money is made, that demand can be met. And the best way to make money out of city land is to put as many people as possible in a space that covers the smallest amount of ground. That means building upwards.

The technology existed to do this as early as the 19th century. But the height of buildings was limited by one important factor. They had to be small enough for people on the top floors to climb stairs. People could not be expected to climb a mountain at the end of their journey to work, or home.

Elisha Otis, a US inventor, was the man who brought us the lift or elevator，as he preferred to call it. However，most of the technology is very old. Lifts work using the same pulley system the Egyptians used to create the Pyramids. What Otis did was attach the system to a steam engine and develop the elevator brake, which stops the lift falling if the cords that hold it up are broken. It was this that did the most to gain public confidence in the new invention. In fact, he spent a number of years exhibiting lifts at fairgrounds, giving people the chance to try them out before selling the idea to architects and builders.

A lift would not be a very good theme park attraction now. Going in a lift is such an everyday thing that it would just be boring. Yet psychologists and others who study human behavior find lifts fascinating. The reason is simple. Scientists have always studied animals in zoos. The nearest they can get to that with humans is in observing them in lifts.

“It breaks all the usual conventions about the bubble of personal space we carry around with us and you just can’t choose to move away,” says workplace psychologist, Gary Fitzgibbon. Being trapped in this setting can create different types of tensions, he says.Some people are scared of them. Others use them as an opportunity to get close to the boss. Some stand close to the door. Others hide in the corners. Most people try and shrink into the background. But some behave in a way that makes others notice them. There are a few people who just stand in a corner taking notes.

Don’t worry about them. They fire probably from a university.

31. “...these are cities concerned with the past”in the first paragraph refer to cities that

A. are worried about their past.

B. have a glorious past to be proud of.

C. want to maintain their traditional image.

D. are very interested in their own history.

32. The difficulty in constructing tall buildings in the 19th century lies in

A. the shortage of money.

B. the lack of a device to carry people upward.

C. backward technology.

D. mountains taking up land space.

33. When Otis came up with the idea of a lift,

A. he sold it to the architects and builders immediately.

B. the Egyptians used it to build the Pyramids.

C. it was accepted favorably by the public.

D. most people had doubt about its safety.

34. Which of the following best describes the experience of going in a lift now?

A. Fascinating.

B. Uninteresting.

C. Frightening.

D. Exciting.

35. Psychologists find the lift a good place where they can study human behaviour because

A. here humans behave the way animals do.

B. people in a lift are all scared.

C. here some people take notes.

D. in a lift the bubble of personal space breaks.

第二篇：

Some Things We Know about Language

Many things about language are a mystery, and many will always remain so.But some things we do know.

First，we know that all human beings have a language of some sort.There is no race of men anywhere on earth so backward that it has no language，no set of speech sounds by which the people communicate with one mother.Furthermore，in historical times，there has never been a race of men without a language.

Second，there is no such thing as a primitive language.There are many people whose cultures are undeveloped，who are，as we say，uncivilized, but the languages they speak are not primitive.In all known languages we can see complexities that must have been tens of thousands of years in developing.

This has not always been well understood;indeed, the direct contrary has often been stated.Popular ideas of the language of the American Indians will illustrate.Many people have supposed that the Indians communicated in a very primitive system of noises.Study has proved this to be nonsense.There are，or were，hundreds of American Indian languages，and all of them turn out to be very complicated and very old. They are certainly different from the languages that most of us are familiar with，but they are no more primitive five than English and Greek.

A third thing we know about language is that all languages are perfectly adequate.That is, each one is a perfect means of expressing the culture of the people who speak the language.

Finally, we know that language changes.It is natural and normal for language to change; the only languages which do not change are the dead ones.This is easy to understand if we look backward in time.Change goes on in all aspects of language.Grammatical features change as do speech sounds，and changes in vocabulary are sometimes very extensive and may occur very rapidly.Vocabulary is the least stable part of any language.

36. In the second paragraph the author thinks that

A. some backward race doesn’t have a language of its own.

B. some race in history didn’t possess a language of its own.

C. any human race, whether backward or not, has a language.

D. some races on earth call communicate without language.

37. According to the author, people of undeveloped cultures can have_ __ languages.

A. complicated

B. uncivilized

C. primitive

D. well-known

38. The author has used American Indian languages as an example to show that they are

A. just as old as some well-known languages.

B. just as sophisticated as some well-known languages.

C. more developed than some well-known languages.

D. more complex than some well-known languages.

39. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?

A. A language is a means of expressing a particular culture.

B. All languages can well express their respective cultures.

C. American Indian languages are as sophisticated as English.

D. Some languages are better than other languages.

40. According to the author, language changes are most likely to occur in

A. grammar.

B. pronunciation.

C. vocabulary.

D. intonation.

>>>>>>參考答案<<<<<<

第一篇：CBDBD

第二篇：CABDC

;

❷ 職稱英語考試閱讀理解的5種應試技巧

在職稱英語考試中，閱讀理解部分幾乎是所有考生通過職稱英語考試的“攔路虎”。許多考生在做閱讀理解部分，常常覺得時間緊、答案選項迷惑性性大，因而很難及時又准確的選出答案。如何在沒有足夠時間進行深入閱讀或文章太難看不懂的情況下答題呢?下面向大家介紹5種緊急情況下的應試技巧。

通過對歷年的閱讀理解題，我們發現在所列出的四個選項中也有一些規律可循的。如果考生能夠了解並掌握這些規律就可以找到答題時的第六感，達到超常發揮的水平。如果考生來不及看文章，憑下面這些規律可以選出不少正確的選項。

1.答案項中有絕對語氣詞的一般不是正確答案。這些語氣詞有： must， always， never， the most， all， only， have to， any， no， very，completely， none， hardly等。

2.選項中含有不十分肯定的語氣詞一般是正確答案項。這些語氣詞有： can， could， may， should， usually， might， most(大多數)，more or less， relatively， be likely to， possible， whether or， not necessarily 等。

3.選項中照抄原文的一般不是答案項，而同義替換的一般是選項。

4.較全面、有針對性地表達文章中心思想的選項一般是答案項。

5.選項中表達意義較具體的、膚淺的(字面意思)一般不是答案項，而概括性的、抽象的、含義深刻的是答案項。

拓展閱讀：2015年職稱英語考試詞彙選項做題必殺技

職稱英語考試的過程中除了掌握一定的知識積累外，還需要掌握一些必要的做題技巧，這有利於我們提高做題效率。下面就看看怎麼做職稱英語詞彙選項題吧。

必殺技：

准備一本正式出版的'英語同義詞詞典，拿到字典後，用標記紙在每個字母首頁進行標記，方便在考試時查閱。具體形式請參看群資料。

教材練習不用做，把答案勾畫出來，只需記住其中題目劃線部分或者答案是片語的，其餘不用看。

考試時看到有教材中的片語題則直接答上，其餘的查詞典。

詳解：

職稱英語考試允許帶一本正式出版的，並非針對職稱英語考試而編寫的詞典。而本題考核內容就是同義詞(片語)，顯然使用同義詞典效率更高。

片語記憶相對容易而查詞典找同義片語相對較困難，又因試題來自教材練習4-6題，所以必須記住教材中的片語題。教材詞彙練習一共150題，其中有片語的也就20個左右，記住絕對沒有困難;

因職稱英語詞彙數量有限，直接查同義詞詞典，一般前三個義項就會有答案。

❸ 中石油職稱英語考試閱讀理解精講

Why To Mark a Book 怎樣在書上做標記

1. You know you have to read "between the lines" to get the most out of anything. I want to persuade you to do something equally important in the course of your reading. I want to persuade you to "write between the lines." Unless you do, you are not likely to do the most efficient kind of reading.

1、你知道讀書必須要閱讀“字里行間的言外之意”，以求最充分的理解(to get the most out of anything)。我勸(persuade)你在讀書過程中(in the course of your reading)做一件同等重要的事情(to do something equally important);我勸你“在字里行間里寫字”。不這樣做(unless)，就達不到最有效的閱讀效果。

2. I contend, quite bluntly, that marking up a book is not an act of mutilation but love.

2、坦率地說，我認為(contend)，在書上塗抹標記(marking up a book)不是一種損毀行為(an act of mutilation)，而是愛。

3. You shouldn't mark up a book which isn't yours. Librarians (or your friends) who lend you books expect you to keep them clean, and you should. If you decide that I am right about the usefulness of marking books, you will have to buy them. Most of the world's great books are available today, in reprint editions, for a modest sum.

3、當然，你不應該(shouldn't)在不屬於你的書上做標記。借給你書的圖書管理員(或者你的朋友)希望你保持書的整潔，你應該這樣做。如果你認為我說的在書上做標記頗有益處這番話是對的，你就得自己買書。現在，絕大部分世界上的好書都有再版(reprint edition)，我們很容易買到，並且價格合理(a modest sum)。

4. There are two ways in which you can own a book. The first is the property right you establish by paying for it, just as you pay for clothes, and furniture. But this act of purchase is only the prelude to possession. Full ownership comes only when you have made it a part of yourself, and the best way to make yourself a part of it is by writing in it. An illustration may make the point clear. You buy a beefsteak and transfer it from the butcher's icebox to your own. But you do not own the beefsteak in the most important sense until you consume it and get it into your bloodstream. I am arguing that books, too, must be absorbed in your bloodstream to do you any good.

4、一個人擁有書的方式有兩種，第一種是花錢(by paying for it)取得(establish)財產所有權(property right)，就像(just as)你花錢買衣服和傢具一樣。但是，這種購買行為僅是擁有書的前提(prelude to possession)。只有你將它化為自己的一部分後，你才完全佔有了它(full ownership comes);同時，把你自己融入書中的最好方法就是在書中寫字(by writing in it)。打個比方可能使這個觀點更清楚(An illustration may make the point clear)。你買了一塊牛排(beefsteak)，把它從屠夫的冰箱里移到了你自己的冰箱里。但是，從最重要的意義上說(in the most important sense)，你並沒有擁有這塊牛排，除非你吃下它並將它吸收進你的血液(bloodstream)之中。我的觀點是(I am arguing that)，書的營養也必須應該被“吸收到血液”中，才能對你有所裨益。

5. Confusion about what it means to own a book leads people to a false reverence for paper, binding, and type-a respect for the physical thing-the craft of the printer rather than the genius of the author. They forget that it is possible for a man to acquire that idea, to possess the beauty, which a great book contains, without staking his claim by pasting his bookplate inside the cover. Having a fine library doesn't prove that its owner has a mind enriched by books; it proves nothing more than that he, his father, or his wife, was rich enough to buy them.

5、對於“擁有書籍”的真正含義的(about what it means to own a book)誤解(confusion)使人們錯誤地崇敬(a false reverence)紙張、裝訂和樣式-這是對物質的崇敬(a respect for the physical thing)-是崇敬印刷工人的技藝(craft)，而不是書籍作者的才華。他們忘記了，即使不在(without)封面裡貼上藏書票(by pasting his bookplate inside the cover)表明自己對書籍的擁有，人們也可以從一本偉大的著作中獲得它的精神(to acquire that idea)，領略它的美麗(to possess the beauty)。一個好書房並不能證明它的主人學富五車;僅僅(nothing more than)說明他、他的父親或是他的妻子有錢買書而已。

6. There are three kinds of book owners. The first has all the standard sets and best-sellers-unread, untouched. (This deluded indivial owns woodpulp and ink, not books.) The second has a great many books-a few of them read through, most of them dipped into, but all of them as clean and shiny as the day they were bought. (This person would probably like to make books his own, but is restrained by a false respect for their physical appearance.) The third has a few books or many every one of them dog-eared and dilapidated, shaken and loosened by continual use, marked and scribbled in from front to back. (This man owns books.)

6、書籍擁有者可以分為三種。第一種人擁有全部的標准成套書和暢銷書(best-sellers)--既沒讀過，也沒碰過(unread, untouched)。(這種人佔有的只是紙漿和油墨，不是書籍。)第二種人藏書很多--其中幾本(a few of them)被通讀過(read through 仔細閱讀)，大部分(most of them)則淺嘗輒止(dip into 瀏覽, 稍加審視)，但是所有的書都跟新買時一樣整潔光亮(as clean and shiny as the day they were bought)。(這種人可能想使書籍真地為其所用，但因錯誤地過分關注書籍的外觀而裹足不前。第三種人藏書或多或少--因不斷使用，每本書都書角捲起(dog-eared)，破舊不堪(dilapidated)，裝訂破損，書頁鬆散(loosened)，全書從扉頁至末頁都畫滿了記號，塗滿了字句(scribble)。(這種人才是書的真正擁有者。)

7. Is it false respect, you may ask, to preserve intact and unblemished a beautifully printed book, an elegantly bound edition? Of course not. I'd no more scribble all over a first edition of "Paradise Lost" than I'd give my baby a set of crayons and an original Rembrandt! I wouldn't mark up a painting or a statue. Its soul, so to speak, is inseparable from its body. And the beauty of a rare edition or of a richly manufactured volume is like that of a painting or a statue.

7、你可能要問，將一本印刷精美、裝幀雅緻的書保存完好，難道也是不恰當的嗎?當然不是(of course not)。我絕不會在一本初版的《失樂園》上亂塗亂寫(scribble)，就像我不會把一幅倫勃朗的原作連同一盒蠟筆交給我的孩子任意塗抹一樣!(no more…than 與…同樣不) 我決不會在一幅繪畫或者一座雕像上做標記。可以說，它們的靈魂與它們的軀體是不可分的。(be inseparable from 不可與...分開) 精美的善本或豐富的卷冊就像一幅繪畫和一座雕像。

8. But the soul of a book can be separated from its body. A book is more like the score of a piece of music than it is like a painting. No great musician confuses a symphony with the printed sheet of music. Arturo Toscanini revered Brahms, but Toscanini's score of the C-minor Symphony was so thoroughly marked up that no one but the maestro himself could read it. The reason why a great conctor makes notations on his musical scores-marks them up again and again each time he returns to study them-is the reason why you should mark your books. If your respect for magnificent binding or typography gets in the way, buy yourself a cheap edition and pay your respects to the author.

8、但是，一本書的靈魂能夠從它的軀體里分離出來。與其說它像一幅畫(a printing)，還不如說它更像一首樂曲的總譜(the scroe of a piece of music; scroe【音樂】總譜;(電影等的)配樂; a piece of music 一段音樂;一首音樂;一首樂曲)。任何偉大的音樂家都不會將一首交響曲(a symphony)和一張印刷的樂譜相混淆。托斯卡尼尼非常崇敬(revere)博拉姆斯，但他的C小調交響曲的樂譜上畫滿了標記，以致(that)只有大師本人 (no noe but the maestro himself) 才能看懂。為什麼一個偉大的指揮家(a great conctor)會在樂譜上做記號(make notations)-甚至每次研究都會重復標記-其中的奧妙正是你應該在書上做記號的原因。如果你對華美的(magnificent)裝幀和印刷的尊重妨礙(get in the way)你讀書的話，就給自己買一種便宜的版本，同時對書的作者表達敬意就可以了。

9. Why is marking up a book indispensable to reading? First, it keeps you awake. (And I don't mean merely conscious; I mean wide awake.) In the second place, reading, if it is active, is thinking, and thinking tends to express itself in words, spoken or written. That marked book is usually the thought-through book. Finally, writing helps you remember the thoughts you had, or the thoughts the author expressed.

9、為什麼在閱讀過程中在書上做標記是必不可少的(indispensable)呢?首先，它會使你保持清醒。(我指的不是僅僅神智清醒(merely conscious);我的意思是它能使你全神貫注(wide awake)。)其次(in the second place)，如果閱讀(reading)是一種能動的行為，那麼它就是思考，而想法(thinking)常常需藉助口頭的或書面的語言來表達出來。做過記號的書，通常是讀者認真思考過的書(the thought-through book)。最後，寫可以幫助你記住閱讀時的思想，或作者所表達的思想。

10. If reading is to accomplish anything more than passing time, it must be active. You can't let your eyes glide across the lines of a book and come up with an understanding of what you have read. Now an ordinary piece of light fiction, like, say, Gone 14h'th the Wind, doesn't require the most active kind of reading. The books you read for pleasure can be read in a state of relaxation, and nothing is lost. But a great book, rich in ideas and beauty, a book that raises and tries to answer great fundamental questions, demands the most active reading of which you are capable. You don't absorb the ideas of John Dewey the way you absorb the songs of a popular singer. You have to reach for them. That you cannot do while you're asleep.

10、如果(你的)閱讀的目的不僅僅是(more than)消磨時間(passing time)，那就應該是一種積極的思維活動，僅僅讓你的眼睛在書上掃視一遍，你不可能對所讀的'內容(what you have read)有所理解。當然，一部普通的消遣小說(light fiction)，比如說(like, say,)《飄》，並不需要那種最積極的思維式的閱讀。作為消遣的書，可以輕松地讀而不會有所失。但一本思想豐富、文字華美，試圖提出(raise)帶根本性的重大問題並加以回答的偉大著作，則要求你盡可能地進行(of which you are capable; be capable of v.能夠)最積極的閱讀。你不可能像欣賞(absorb)流行歌曲那樣領略(absorb)杜威的思想。你要花力氣才能獲得，漫不經心是做不到的。

11. If, when you've finished reading a book, the pages are filled with your notes, you know you read actively. The most famous active reader of great books I know was President Hutchins, of the University of Chicago. He also had the hardest schele of business activities of any man I know. He invariably read with a pencil, and sometimes, when he picked up a book and pencil in the evening, he found himself, instead of making intelligent notes, drawing what he called "caviar factories" on the margins. When that happened, he put the book down. He knew he was too tired to read, and was just wasting time.

11、如果，你讀完一本書的時候，書頁上寫滿了你的批註(your notes)，你就知道自己的閱讀是積極的(actively)。我知道的最有名的採用積極方式閱讀偉大著作的人(the most famous active reader of great books)是芝加哥大學的校長哈金斯。他也是我所知道的公務最繁忙的人(the hardest schele of business activities of any man)。他讀書時總是(invariably= always)拿著鉛筆。有時，當他在晚上拿起書和鉛筆的時候，發覺自己並沒有(instead of)在做有意義的筆記(intelligent notes)，而是在頁邊空白處(on the margins)亂塗亂畫一些他稱之為“魚子醬工廠”(caviar factories)的東西。一出現這種情況，他就會放下書本。他知道自己太累了以致讀不下去，(再繼續看書)完全是在浪費時間。

練習:

1.I want to persuade you _______ something equally important in the course of your reading.

A doing B to do C to doing D have done

2. There are two ways _____ you can own a book.

A by which B of which C in which D with which

3. I am arguing that books must _____ your bloodstream to do you any good.

A absorb in B be absorbed in C soak in D suck in

4. Confusion about ____ it means to own a book leads people to a false reverence for paper, binding and type—the craft of printer rather than the genius of the author.

A which B that C what D whose

5. They forget that it is possible for a man to acquire that idea, to possess the beauty, which a great book contains, without _____ his claim by ____ his bookplate inside the cover.

A starting, pasting B staking, passing C staking, pasting D stake, paste

6. Having a fine library doesn’t prove that its owner has a mind _____ by books.

A rich B colorful C enriching D enriched

7. The second has a great many books--a few of them read through, most of them ____, but all of them as clean and shiny as they ____.

A dipped into, bought B dip into, were bought

C dip into, buy D dipped into, were bought

8. A book is _____ like the score of a piece of music _____ it is like a painting.

A no more, than B more, than C same, as D too, to

9. Why is marking up a book ____ to reading?

A dependable B indispensable C dependent D disposal

10. A book that raises and tries to answer great fundamental questions, demands the most active reading _____ you are capable.

A to which B of which C by which D to what

答案： 1B 2C 3B 4C 5C 6D 7D 8B 9B 10B

❹ 職稱英語解題技巧：領會作者的觀點、意圖和態度

與掌握所讀材料的主旨和大意類似，領會作者的觀點、意圖和態度也是閱讀理解題中較難解答的問題。回答這類題首先要在閱讀過程中注意體會和覺察作者的觀點、意圖和態度。這種信息有時是直接表達的，但更多的是間接、含蓄的流露。不過，作者的這種主觀情感和態度往往和全文的主題和要點相關聯。所以，在根據主題和主旨的同時，應注意揣測作者的觀點、意圖和態度。
下面是這類題的一些常用的提問方式：
1. The author's main purpose in this passage is
2. The author's purpose of writing this passage is __
3. In this passage the author's attitude toward ...could best be described as
4. What is the author's attitude toward
5. The author's main thought is that __
6. The author probably feels that
7. The author appears to feel that
8. Which of the following does the author want to illustrate in discussing ...?
9. In this passage the author looks on ... with an attitude of
10. What is the tone of the passage?
11. What is the author's opinion about ...?
12. The author uses the example of... to show that ________
例1
I entered the hotel manager』s office and sat down. I had just lost £50 and I felt very upset. "I left the money in my room," I said, "and it's not there now." The manager was sympathetic, but he could do nothing. "Everyone's losing money these days." he said. He started to complain about this wicked world but was interrupted by a knock at the door. A girl came in and put an envelope on his desk. It contained £50. "I found this outside this gentleman's room." she said. "Well, "I said to the manager, "there is still some honesty in this world!"
1. What did the writer believe had happened to his money?
A. He had left his money in the manager's office.
B. Someone had stolen his money.
C. The manager had the money.
D. The girl had stolen the money.
作者說：「I left the money in my room，and it』s not there now」，這句話的含義就是 「He believed that someone had stolen his money」。因此，選項B是正確答案。
例2
We find that bright children are rarely held back by mixed-ability teaching. On the contrary, both their knowledge and experience are enriched. We feel that there are many disadvantages in streaming pupils. It does not take into account the fact that children develop at different rates. It can have a bad effect on both the bright and the not-so-bright child. After all, it can be quite discouraging to be at the bottom of the top grade!
Besides, it is rather unreal to grade people just according to their intellectual ability. This is only one aspect of their total personality. We are concerned to develop the abilities of all our pupils to the full, not just their academic ability. We also value personal qualities and social skills, and we find that mixed-ability teaching contributes to all these aspects of learning.
In our classrooms, we work in various ways. The pupils often work in groups: this gives them the opportunity to learn to co-operate, to share, and to develop leadership skills. They also learn how to cope with personal problems as well as learning how to think, to make decisions, to analyze and evaluate, and to communicate effectively. The pupils learn from each other as well as from the teacher.
Sometimes the pupils work in pairs; sometimes they work on indivial tasks and assignments, and they can do this at their own speed. They also have some formal class teaching when this is appropriate. We encour~/ge our pupils to use the library, and we teach them the skills they need in order to do this efficiently. An advanced pupil can do advanced work: it does not matter what age the child is. We expect our pupils to do their best, not their least, and we give them every encouragement to attain this goal.
1. In the passage the author's attitude towards "mixed-ability teaching" is ________
A. critical B. questioning
C. approving D. objective
本題考核學生是否讀懂作者對混合編班的態度。要回答該問題，首先要清楚四個選項的不同含義。選項A表示作者持「批評的」態度，選項B表示作者持「懷疑的」態度，選項C表示作者持「贊同的」態度，選項D表示作者持「客觀的」態度。根據文章的第一段內容，可以看出作者是持「贊同的」態度，所用的人稱代詞也是we，因此答案是選項C。如果是持「客觀的」態度的話，則人稱代詞不會用we。
2. The author argues that a teacher's chief concern should be the development of the student's _______.
A. personal qualities and social skills
B. total personality
C. learning ability and communicative skills
D. intellectual ability
本題要求根據文章的意思推測作者的觀點。根據第二段的內容，可以看出學生的total personality(總體素質)包括了academic ability or intellectual ability, personal qualities和 social skills。也就是說這些能力都是total personality的方方面面。再看一下這一段的第二；三兩句，可以得出正確的答案應該是選項8。其他幾個選項的意思都不全面，都不能反映作者的充分開發學生的全面能力的主張。
3. The author』s purpose of writing this passage is to______.
A. argue for teaching bright and not—SO-bright pupils in the same class
B. recommend pair work and group work for classroom activities
C. offer advice on the proper use of the library
D. emphasize the importance of appropriate formal classroom teaching
本題要求讀者了解作者寫這篇文章的意圖是什麼。文章討論了兩種上課的方式： streaming pupils把學生按能力分班進行教學，和mixed—ability teaching把程度不齊的學生混班上課。並對比列舉了前者的弊端和後者的種種優點。因此A項是正確的答案。而選項B、c、D中提到的幾種做法均為mixed．ability teachin9的具體做法，都不能看做是作者寫這篇文章的目的。這個題目要看懂全文才能夠答對。

❺ 職稱英語概括大意題目提點及答題技巧

題目特點

概括大意與完成句子是職稱英語考試的第三大題型，共有8道小題，每題l分，總計8分。這兩種題型一般放到同一篇文章中去考查。概括大意的題目有4道，主要考查考生歸納段落主題思想的能力;完成句子的題目有4道，主要考查考生掌握短文細節內容的能力。下面將介紹解題步驟及相關解題技巧。

概括大意這個題型要求考生學會抓主旨大意，與傳統的閱讀理解選擇題的主旨題類似(可參照第三周閱讀理解部分主旨題的解法)。解答這類題時，首先要找的是每段的主題句。

按照英文的行文規律：段落的主題句在第一句的可能性超過50%，段落的主題句在第二句的可能性為20%，段落的主題句在最後一句的可能性超過臘游20%。也就是說，按照上述方法做這種題型，讀完一段話的第一句，就能在選項中找出該段話的小標題，這種可能性超過50%。整段話都需要閱讀的可能性不到l0%。如果首句為一個問句，往往此問句的答案為段落的'主題句;如果段落的第二句為轉折詞(如however，but等)，則主題思想常為轉折後的內容。

考點分析

我們先來看看歷年考試的情況：

2016年職稱英語衛生類C級概括大意題目特點及解題技巧

從考試分析可以看出：

1.關於概括大意部分的四個題目，多數的段落都有主題句(一般在首句和尾句)，所以考生要注意聯系段落的首句和尾句來選擇答案;少數段落沒有主題句，需要考生依據關鍵詞進行總結。

2.關於完成句子的四個題目，多數都可以利用題干關鍵詞直接定位到原句後完成句子，

技巧點撥

一、概括大意技巧點撥

正向解題法：

技巧1：利用段落主題句來概括段落大意

段落主題句是一段的大意所在，一般出現在段首或段尾，考生可以利用段落的首尾旬進行概括大意，從而從備小標題中很快找到答案。從歷年考試分析看，段落主題句一般都出現在句首。

技巧2：利用段落重點詞句來概括段落大意。

有些段落沒有主題句，必須閱讀整段才能找出其大意。如果受英語水平的限制閱讀整個段落有困難，應重點閱讀段落中的如下內容：

1)反復出現的詞

2)括弧里的詞

3)引號里的詞

4)黑體字

5)斜體字

逆向解題法：

技巧1：利用選項來定位主題句

備選項中的特徵詞或細節信息詞通常應該直接出現在段落中，並且成為段落主題詞，因而也可以利用在段落中定位備選小標題中的核心詞，從而判斷備選小標題是哪一段的大意概括。概括大意的解題步驟：

1)先看選項，尋找關鍵詞，確定所考段落。這樣有助於尋找選項關鍵詞，它有可能與某段的核心詞彙重合。如果重合，那該選項可能就是正確答案。

2)先讀該段話的第一句，然後與選項列表中的各選項一一對應，確定正確答案。正確選項一般是對這句話的改寫。如果答案不能確定，答薯應再讀該段話的第二句;然輪舉銷後，與選項列表中的各選項一一對應。如果答案還是不能確定，應再讀該段話的最後一句，再對應選項，如果還是找不著正確的答案，則就需要閱讀整個段落了。

3)某個段落的答案確定後，將它的選項從選項列表中畫去。每個選項最多隻能用一次，也就是說，不可能兩個段落的小標題是一個選項。因此一個段落的答案確定後，將它的選項從選項列表中畫去，以免被誤選為其他段落的小標題。這樣在選其他段落的答案時，可以不看該選項，以便節省時間。

4)如果答案不確定，先將可能正確的選項全部選出。如果一個段落的答案不確定，應將它們先都選出來，寫在題目的旁邊，再往下做。這樣做的好處是，下面某一段的答案確定後，便能推斷出上面段落的答案來，因為不可能兩個段落的小標題是一個選項。

例如：第二段的答案可能是B或D，但你能夠確定第四段的答案是D，第二段的答案就是B了。

5)區分段落主旨與細節，免受干擾項誤導。干擾選項的特點是：段落中未展開詳細的說明。作為干擾選項出現的常常是段落中提到的細節，而不是段落的主旨。這更說明做這種題要抓住段落的主題旬，而不是整個段落。否則，特別容易受到干擾選項的誤導。

6)看主題句選用恰當適合的方式。如果主題句比較復雜(如復合句)，應重點看主句部分;如果主題句中有show，suggest等詞，應重點看其後的賓語從句。有時主題旬是比較復雜的復合旬，如果理解有困難，應集中精力看主句部分，正確答案往往來自主句。

二、完成句子技巧點撥

該題的關鍵是要先用題干關鍵詞回到原文定位，再將題干與原文進行對比，從而確定橫線上所要填寫的內容。

由於考試時間所限，該題要求考生有快速將題干在原文中定位的能力。定位原文時，一定要了解哪些信息適合作為定位原文的線索詞，從而提高定位的速度。

正向定位法：

*利用數字信息定位

*利用人名、地名等大寫字母開頭的單詞定位

*利用生詞以及專有名詞定位

*利用題干中的核心詞定位

逆向定位法：

*利用題目順序與段落順序一致原則定位

閱讀判斷的出題順序和原文的順序基本一致，即第一題的答案應在文章的前部，第二題的答案應在第一題的答案之後。這個規律有助於考生確定答案的位置。

完成句子解題步驟

1)先看題干並利用其中的關鍵詞在原文中定位與題干相似的句子。

2)根據所定位的原句來確定題干中所要填寫的內容。

比較題乾和所定位到的原句，並且聯系選項表中所給的待選項，從而確定原句缺失的內容，也就是完成句子所要填寫的內容。

3)某個段落的答案確定後，將它的選項從選項列表中畫去。

每個選項最多隻能用一次，也就是說，不可能兩個段落的小標題是一個選項。因此一個段落的答案確定後，要將它的選項從選項列表中畫去，以免被誤選為其他段落的小標題。這樣在選其他段落的答案時，可以不看該選項，以便節省時間。

❻ 2017職稱英語衛生類A級閱讀理解精講(2)

2017年職稱英語衛生類A級閱讀理解精講(2)

閱讀理解(共15題，每題3分，共45分)

考查應試者對文章主旨和細節信息的理解能力。本部分為3篇文章，每篇300-450詞，每篇文章後有5道題。要求應試者根據文章的內容，從每題所給的4個選項中選擇1個答案。

應對策略：

首先要重點掌握教材上的閱讀理解的重點文章的背誦，來抓住出自教材上的分數，這是順利通過考試很關鍵的一步。

同時充分利用老桐亂師在課上講的解題技巧，如大標題做題法、紅花綠葉原則、順序出題原則、關鍵詞回歸定位法通過做模擬試題來進行解題技巧的演練和應用。

在做題時要注意：搞清主旨題、細節題、推理題銀燃、邏輯關系題、觀點態度題。注意標題、首尾段、首尾句、邏輯關局搏檔系處、細節處等出題點;在閱讀時見到日期、數量等要先做好標記，這樣有重點有理有節的解題，才有可能取得滿意的成績。

短文後有5道題，每題後面有4個選項。請仔細閱讀短文並根據短文回答其後面的問題，從4個選項中選擇1個答案。

‍

Caffeine

Caffeine is probably the most widely used drug in the world. Humans have been consuming caffeine for hundreds of years, primarily in the form of coffee, tea, and cocoa. Habitual coffee and tea drinkers had long been observed to have a lower incidence of non-melanoma(黑色素瘤) skin cancers, although no one knew why. A recent study found that caffeine affects skin cells damaged by ultraviolet radiation, a main cause of skin cancer. Caffeine interferes with a protein that cancerous cells need to survive, leaving the damaged cells to die before they become cancerous. Drinking caffeinated coffee has also been associated with a decreased incidence of endometrial(予宮內膜的) cancer - that is, cancer of the cells lining the uterus - The strongest effect appears to be in overweight women, who are at greatest risk for the disease. Researchers believe blood sugar, fat cells, and estrogen(雌性激素) may play a role. Although the mechanism remains unknown, people who drink more than two cups of coffee or tea a day reportedly have about half the risk of developing chronic liver disease as those who drink less than one cup of coffee daily; caffeinated coffee has also been associated with lowered risk of cirrhosis(肝硬化) and liver cancer.

While many of caffeine's undesirable effects, such as elevated heart rate and blood pressure, are brief, some short-term benefits, including pain relief, increased alertness, and increased physical enrance, have also been attributed to caffeine. As a component of numerous over-the-counter diet pills and pain relievers, caffeine increases their effectiveness and helps the body absorb them more quickly. By constricting(收縮) blood vessels in the brain, it can alleviate headaches - even migraines(偏頭痛) – and can help counter the drowsiness(眩暈)caused by antihistamines(抗組胺葯).

Caffeine does not alter the need for sleep, but it does offer a temporary solution to fatigue for people who need to stay alert. Research has shown that sleep-deprived indivials who consumed caffeine had improved memory and reasoning abilities, at least in the short term. Studies of runners and cyclists have shown that caffeine can improve their stamina - hence its addition to energy-boosting sports drinks.

People who consume a lot of caffeine regularly may develop temporary withdrawal symptoms, headache being the most common, if they quit or cut back on it abruptly. Fortunately, these symptoms last only a day or two in most cases. Indivials who are more sensitive to the stimulatory side effects of caffeine may want to avoid it, but most doctors agree that the equivalent of three cups of coffee a day does not harm healthy people. There is no medical basis to give up daily caffeine and many reasons to include a moderate amount in one's diet.

36. Drinking coffee or tea may help

A. lower the incidence of being overweight.

B. lower the incidence of non-melanoma skin cancer.

C. increase the incidence of endometrial cancer.

D. increase the incidence of liver cancer.

【答案】：B

37. Caffeine is used to

A. rece high blood pressure.

B. relieve headaches.

C. cure liver cancer.

D. treat skin cancer.

【答案】：B

38. Some athletes use caffeine to

A. improve their speed.

B. increase their enrance.

C. maintain their alertness.

D. relax their muscles.

【答案】：B

39. Caffeine withdrawal symptoms

A. can become an ongoing problem.

B. may last as long as a week.

C. are weight loss and mental disorder.

D. are usually short-lived.

【答案】：D

40. Drinking three cups of coffee a day

A. may not be recommended by most doctors.

B. is harmful to healthy people.

C. will probably not cause problems.

D. may benefit sensitive people.

【答案】：C

❼ 醫學職稱英語考試技巧

隨著跨學科的發展越來越有優勢，現在很多醫學專業的本科生都開始考英語專業的研究生了，從而讓自己的前途和晉升通道越來越廣闊，那麼醫學類職稱英語考試技巧都有哪些呢，一起來看看吧。
1.學好語法，奠定基礎
一定要去理解句子的語法結構，職稱英語考試的語法是比較簡單的。
2.廣泛閱讀，提高詞彙量和語感
使用英漢字典和理解裡面的內容，讓你的詞彙量達到醫學類職稱英語等級考試A類的詞彙量，同時還可以提高語感能力。
3.不斷檢查並鞏固所學的知識
可以使用醫學類職稱英語等級大綱中的軟體來測試你的詞彙量，並在規定的時間完成大綱中的模擬考試，看看你能得多少分。
4.充分利用在考場上的時間
閱讀理解部分可能會比較難，但要著重保證這部分題目的得分率，所以要在這一題型下狠功夫，保證自己不用查字典就可以理解文章。
關於單詞和短語的多項選擇題，有時會出現混淆。這是因為自己對單詞和短語理解得不是很透徹，需要查字典來確保答案的准確性。
所以考試時查字典的時間主要花在詞彙問題上，以確保能提高分數。
5.利用慣性定律，通過考試
如果你第一年通過了C類或B類，那麼第二年考B類或A類就容易多了。
也不需要花很多時間復習，因為你已經知道了技巧和方法。
6.平時學會記單詞，提高詞彙量
利用單詞的前後綴關系和詞根來速記大量的英語單詞，同時記住相關英語的單詞或片語，這樣效率會高很多。

❽ 職稱英語閱讀：第四講如何做詞彙理解題

在職稱考試中經常會出現一些詞彙性選擇題。詞彙性選擇題主要是考察考生對一個詞彙或短語在特定語言環境下的確切含義。所考的詞彙主要有兩類： 一類是超出大綱詞彙表的詞彙漏凱耐，以前沒有見過的新詞，要求考生根據上下文猜測出它的確切含義。另一類是熟詞僻義或者是舊詞新義（即原來學過的詞在新的語言環境下另有新義）。在這種情況下，考生以前知道的常規詞義往往都不是解。有的考生想通過查閱詞典來找出答案。實踐證明，對於這種考題，查閱詞典往往無濟於事。考生一定要切記：只有根據上下文才能選出具體的，合乎文章內容的正確詞義。因此考生在解題時，首先要對文章上下文有一個正確的理解，利用文章中所給出的線索或暗示來推斷詞義。根據上下文推斷詞義主要有以下幾種方法：
（1）孫櫻 利用定義和釋義
有時在一篇文章中，作者估計到某個詞或片語讀者可能不熟悉，就常常在這個詞或短語後面直接給出定義或換一種說法進行解釋。例如：
They need to make their income meet the cost of living; so many people plan a family budget. A budget is a list of monthly expenses．
Experts in kinetics, in their study of body motions as related to speech, hope to discover new methods of communication.
He was a very astute buyer, estimating values very carefully and never allowing himself to be deceived.
Sociology is the term used to describe the scientific study of human society.
These medical students have decided to become pediatricians, that is, doctors specializing in the care and diseases of children.
A jetty——a wall built out into the water, protects the harbor.
To boycott a store means to refuse to shop in the store.
Jane is indecisive, that is, she can't make up her mind.
I thought they were old-fashioned, thinking too much of old ways and ideas.
Hausa, namely a language of the Sudan, is widely used as a trade language throughout western Africa.
An autobiography is the story of a person's life written by himself.
Holography, or three-dimensional photography, has many instrial applications.
返春Every once in a while in some part of the world or another, the ground suddenly shakes, and we call the event an earthquake.
Carbon monoxide （co） is a noxious gas which can cause death.
He had a wan look. He was so pale and weak that we thought he was ill.
Should the government regulate the cost of resources such as oil and gas? Some people do not believe that government control is the solution to the problem of the rising cost of fuel.
（2） 利用同義詞或反義詞
反義詞前通常有but ,however, not, yet, while, although, nevertheless, unlike, instead, in contrast等信號詞。
His naiveté, or innocence, was obvious.
My sister Kathy is lively and outgoing, however, I am rather introverted.
Mary was jubilant but Jane was sorrowful.
Danny was hesitant whereas Jean leaned forward eagerly.
Her shirt was clean but her shoes were grubby.
American businessmen expect employees to be punctual. They do not expect that the workers will come late.
Their friends laughed at them, and my sisters felt wretched, very unhappy.
It has an enormous, a very powerful influence on our lives.
In an aging person the new cells may not be as viable or as capable of growth as those of a young man.

❾ 職稱英語考試技巧有哪些

職稱英語考試技巧一。熟記高頻詞彙。

所以如果我們在復習中把一些核心詞、高頻詞都掌握住，應該說被選項對我們來說，不是問

題，而且是很快就可以拿到分值的題。

職稱英語考試技巧二。查詞典。

另外在考試中是允許帶字典的，如果有的考場中可以帶兩本字典的話，我建議得到帶這樣兩

種字典，一本是朗文英漢雙解字典，。另外一本是牛津英語的詞彙選項的字典。因為我們的

詞彙選項題就是要求你找出與劃線詞同義的選項。一般來說我們知道英文中都是多義詞，但

是我統計了一下，從歷年考試來看，在詞彙選項中有這種多義的詞出現，但是大部分還是單

一的義，也就是說你只要翻查一下同義詞辭典，找出這個單詞在辭典上的意思，跟它相呼應

的同義詞，就能夠找出答案，當然這只是給大家一個提示，我還是希望大家首先憑借自己的

能力來答題，這是詞彙選項題。

希望這篇關於詞彙選項題的職稱英語考試技巧能夠幫助大家順利通過

2010

年職稱英語考試。

職稱英語考試技巧一。放在最後來答題。

閱讀判斷題是一種新的題型，

這種題型從出題難度上來，

這種題型本身是從閱讀理解上來的，

問題難度沒有閱讀理解難，因為整個一篇試卷通常都是從易到難，閱讀判斷自己我們試卷上

的第一篇與文章相關的題型，從它的難度上來說要低於閱讀理解，而且分值不高。整個題型

才

7

分，而且這部分總是從書外選題，所以我建議大家可以把這個放在最後來答，那麼最後

實在沒有時間了，全填

A

或者

B

，全選正確或者是錯誤，這樣至少拿到三到四分的分數。

職稱英語考試技巧二。注意文章細節。

閱讀判斷放到後面來答，也有一些解題技巧，我總結了一下歷年來的考題，閱讀判斷一般來

說針對文章細節中的一些考題，要求考生去查找，問題設置的語句就是針對某些文章中的細

節信息，或者就是根據某個句子來設計的。所以我們只要運用一定的解題技巧，根據問題中

的用詞，或者是相對應的結構，直接找到句子當中，往往就能判斷出答案來。

❿ 中石油職稱英語

你是否想過聆聽也有對錯之分?至今，很少有人思考過這個問題。下面是我整理的中石油職稱英語閱讀理解材料，歡迎閱讀!

4. Take Janet, for instance.

4、以簡尼特為例。

5. It came as a horrid shock to her to learn on the way to Sunday school one morning that she was to have read certain chapters in the Bible and be prepared with a little talk on them that day. And no wonder Janet was surprised. She thought she had been listening in class the week before. But apparently the words had bounced right off her ears. Why? How had she listened wrong?

5、一天早晨，在去教會的周日學校的路上，她突然記起她應該要讀過《聖經》中的幾個章節，並且還要准備好在那天就這幾個章節作一個小小的發言，這讓她非常震驚。也難怪簡尼特有此反應。(And no wonder Janet was surprised.)她以為一個星期前自己在課堂上認真聽講，但很顯然，這些話只是從她耳邊掠過。為什麼?她錯在哪裡?(過去完成進行明察時had been doing; 過去完成時had+過去分詞)