初中英語閱讀理解完型填空單詞
㈠ 請給我一些初二的英語閱讀理解題和完型填空
A young officer was at a railway station. On his way home, he wanted to telephone his mother to tell her the time of his train, so that she could meet him at the station in her car. He looked in all his pockets, but found that he did not have the right money for the telephone, so he went outside and looked around for someone to help him.
At last an old soldier came by, and the young officer stopped him and said, "Have you got change for ten pence?"
"Wait a moment, " the old soldier answered, beginning to put his hand in his pocket, "I'll see whether I can help you. "
"Don't you know how to speak to an officer?" the young man said angrily. "Now let's start again. Have you got change for ten pence?"
"No, sir, " the old soldier answered quickly.
根據短文內容, 選擇正確答案(10分)
60. The young officer wanted to telephone his mother to tell her _________. ( )
A. that he was going to visit her
B. when his train would leave
C. when his train would arrive
D. that he was now at the railway station
答案:
61. He looked around for help because he _________. ( )
A. didn't have coins for the phone call
B. had no money to make the phone call
C. didn't have the local money
D. wanted to change money
答案:D
62. The old soldier _________. ( )
A. was glad to help him
B. didn't know if he had coins
C. didn't want to help him
D. was angry
答案:B
63. The young officer was angry because he thought the old soldier _________. ( )
A. didn't know how to speak to him
B. didn't want to help him
C. didn't answer him correctly
D. was not friendly to him
答案:A
64. The old soldier in the story was_________. ( )
A. clever B. stupid
C. polite D. friendly
答案:A
㈡ 中考英語完型填空和閱讀理解技巧
學習過程
一. 閱讀理解
閱讀理解:在中考中占的比重很大。閱讀
屬於語言的領會技能。包括對
的識別、理解、推理、判斷和快速記憶等幾個方面。不僅僅涉及到語音、語法、詞彙這些語言因素、還涉及到非語言因素,即:閱讀者對所學語言國家的社會和文化背景知識的掌握、對所讀材料內容的熟悉、個人經歷、
、邏輯知識和語言修養等各方面。閱讀技巧之一是閱讀時要擴大
。二是不要心讀或朗讀;三是要理解段落或文章的細節。四是要學會猜測詞義,五要理解
。六要具備合理推理和判斷的能力。
初中階段閱讀題重點考查的內容是事實認定、詞語理解、數量計算,主要思想歸納等。而從考查方式來看,則以直接型、轉換型和歸納型的試題為主,需要依據文章事實和作者思路進行推理的題次之。
文章主旨和大意的考查。這類試題主要是考查對文章的理解程度,考查內容包括作者的寫作目的,文章的
等內容。考生只有讀懂全文,才能選出正確答案。
細節和事實的考查。做此類試題一定要抓住事件發生的時間、地點、人物、發展過程和結局等環節,所選答案一定要符合原文,切不可
。
詞義或句義的考查。這些詞句往往具有深層意義,要透過表層意義來理解深層意義,或根據句子的語法關系分析其含義,要反復琢磨,仔細
,弄清作者的真正意圖,從而選擇正確答案。遇到生詞,要根據上下文和一定的
知識,如前綴、後綴來分析、判斷、猜測其詞形和含義。
結論或推論性考查。這類考題答案的選擇往往無所謂正確與錯誤之別,而是最佳與非最佳之別。因此,須讀懂通篇文章,弄懂作者的寫作
,按照文章的內容和邏輯關系,做出符合原文
主旨的結論或推論,才能選出最佳答案。
擬選題目考查。一篇文章究竟應加一個什麼樣的題目為最佳,主要取決於文章的內容,英語文章標題的特點一般多以短語或
為主。選擇標題的一般標準是:一要切題,即能夠概括出全文的主旨;二要簡潔,即文字要簡單明了。
閱讀理解題型介紹:
1. 選擇答案型閱讀理解
2. 判斷正誤型閱讀理解
3.
型閱讀理解
4. 回答問題型閱讀理解
閱讀理解解題指導:
1. 客觀信息題
所謂"客觀信息",是指在短文中客觀存在的事實,客觀信息的答案一般都可以在原文中找到。完成客觀信息題應注意以下三點:
(1)辨認事實,注意細節
(2)同義轉換,著重內涵
(3)把握數據,注意推算
在有關數據推算的試題中,根據短文所提供的數據進行必要的運算時所涉及的數學知識一般都比較簡單,關鍵在於理解原文。
2. 主觀判斷題
一般來說,這類問題都不可能直接從原文中找到答案,必須根據原文提供的有關信息,進行合理的推理和判斷才能回答。完成主觀判斷題能常應注意以下四點:
(1)運用常識,合理判斷
(2)根據情景,進行猜測
(3)利用情景,舉一反三
(4)縱觀全文,概括大意
3. 細節辨認題
文章的
或主題是通過一系列的事實、細節來說明和支持的,要透徹地理解段落、文章的中心思想,就必須理解文章中的重要事實和細節。只有真正理解了全部細節,才能深刻地領悟大意,理解短文細節分下面三個步驟:
(1)首先找出文章或段落的中心思想。文章的中心思想主要體現在首句和尾句中,有時在文中的某一句話當中。
(2)尋找重要的事實與細節,不是所有的事實和細節都重要,那些與中心思想有關的事實和細節才重要。
(3)檢查已確定的事實與細節,看它們是否支持中心思想。如果這些事實與細節不能支持中心思想,就說明原來所確定的中心思想不明確或者這些事實和細節沒有找准。
屬於細節類的閱讀理解題一般只針對某個特定的細節,題型可以多種多樣,沒有固定模式。常見的設題方式有:
(1)Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
(2)All the following statements are not true except.
(3)Which of the following facts is not mentioned in the supporing details?
4. 詞彙障礙題
在中考閱讀題中,考生遇到的最大障礙往往有兩個:一是被已認識的單詞的某一熟知含義所誤導;二是被完全不認識的單詞的意思所阻礙,從而出現理解偏差或理解困難,影響閱讀的速度。其實解決這兩個困難的一個重要法寶是考生在心目中樹立起上下文觀念,用上下文去確定詞彙的含義。在閱讀解題時要注意從以下七個方面著手:
(1)根據定義或解釋、說明猜測生詞的詞義
在be,be called,call等判斷詞出現的
中,可以根據已知部分,猜測生詞的含義。例如:
A person who is skilled at making or repairing wooden objects is called a carpenter.
通過理解定語從句的意思,能猜出carpenter是"
"
(2)根據對比關系猜測生詞的詞義
在but,however,yet,otherwise,though這些表示意義轉折的連詞出現的句子中,其前後的詞有明顯的對比關系,根據已知的內容,通過這種對比關系,就很容易猜出生詞的詞義了。例如:
Though Tom's face has been washed quite clean, his neck still remains
.
和clean意思相對的便是"骯臟的"了,因此可猜出句中
的意思是"骯臟的"
(3)通過
猜測詞義
because, since與as是連接
的
,so是連接表示結果的
的連詞,so...that與such...that中的that是連接
的。當這些信息詞出現在有生詞的句子中,通過
,依據已知部分就能猜出生詞的詞義。例如:
She wanted the rdresser to trim her hair a bit because it was too long.
根據because從句所講的意思,我們就可推測trim就是"修剪"之意
(4)根據
猜測詞義
運用
,自身的生活經驗及
。再聯繫上下文能讀懂的部分,可以正確猜出詞義。例如:
Most of the roses are beginning to wither because of the cold.
根據句子意思及生活經驗,wither表示"枯萎"
(5)根據同等關系猜測詞義
同等關系,指的是一個詞,一組詞或短語在句中作同一成分,而且它們的詞義都屬於同一范疇。明顯的標志是,這樣的片語或短語中間常常用
and或or來連接。例如:
At forty-two he was in his prime and always full of energy.
從"年齡42歲"以及與prime具有同等關系的full of energy可以猜出prime的意思是"盛年時期"。
(6)根據列舉的事例猜測詞義
You can take any of the periodicals: "The World of English"."Foreign Language Teaching in Schools", or "English Learning".
從後面列舉的例子中,可以猜出periodical是"期刊,雜志"的意思。
(7)根據
知識猜測詞義
根據學過的
知識,知道
和前綴或後綴的意義,就可猜出由它們組成的新詞詞義。例如:
s of Hawaii in Summer are unforgettable.
利用構詞法常識和我們已熟悉的詞forget,我們可以知道unforgettable就是"令人難忘的"意思。
閱讀理解解題步驟:
1. 瀏覽全文,捕捉信息。要求考生通過瀏覽全文,掌握其大意了解作者的觀點和
。
2. 細讀思考題,分析信息。通讀(瀏覽全文)短文後,已對文章或段落大意有所了解再讀考題,對要捕捉的信息進行分析、推理,這樣便可先解答與主題思想有關的問題。
3. 復讀全文,抓住細節。帶著問題去復讀,可縮小復讀的范圍,更便於捕捉關鍵的信息。復讀時可邊讀邊用鉛筆做些標記,把有關的人物、事件、時間、地點、起因(即5W:who, what, when, where, why)劃出來。例如:凡逢人物就圈起來,看完一遍,有幾個圈就是幾個人,一目瞭然。經過這樣的處理,你對文章的內容和細節便清楚了,對其中矛盾的產生、發展和解決心裡就會有底了。
另外,在復讀全文時,還應特別注意首段或每一自然段的首句,以及結尾句。因為短文的首句和首段往往是作者要說明的對象或事件的起因;作者闡述自己的觀點或事件發生的時間、地點與人物的聯系。結尾句、段是事件的結論或作者表達的態度、意圖、目的等。這樣一來便容易抓住中心,為准確、快速地解題打下良好的基礎。
4. 解答問題,選定答案。對那些明顯的,有把握的題可以斷然圈定。遇到不會做的問題可暫時不做,把每個問題閱讀完畢,等會做的題已做完,然後再回頭做剩下的題目。在做題時,如果遇到困難,再重新查閱。這次重讀,要針對問題的要求,抓住重點,一次求得正確答案。
5. 再讀全文,核對答案。這是最後一步,也是重要的一步,不能疏忽。這一步驟要用全文的主題思想統率各考題,把我們在閱讀和答題時所得到的信息歸納整理一遍後重新再讀一遍短文檢查答案,看是否前後一致;意義和語言知識是否和原文相符;是否符合邏輯等。發現前後矛盾、遺漏要點等錯誤,要立即糾正。
要注意的是,改正原來選定的答案,一定要慎之又慎。一定要有充分的理由,才可改答案
網路文庫也有很多。當然實在不行你就題海戰術吧
㈢ 尋1篇初中英語閱讀理解填詞題。請附上答案。謝謝
A little Brave Girl
A little Brave Girl
It is a true story.
This story was set in at the end of 2004 Zhejiang, when a ten-year old girl walked on her way to home from school as usual, she was being kidnapped off guard
by three men, whom are over 30 years of age, be tall, strong, and are very experienced in kidnapping. For just a split second, the girl was got in a car and didn』 know where she would head, but she didn』t burst into tears like others probably have done in her age, was unusually sober and figured out what has just happened. After short deliberation, she gave her parents telephone number to three
kidnappers after she was asked twice. Kidnappers shortly send short message to
her parents to tell what they did a moment ago for the ransom of RMB500,000 as they commands, threatened them with their daughter』s life. Her parents were at their wits' end at that moment and later had to dial police for helping. During closely watched by two kidnappers, the girl were pleased to cooperate with them in three meals, water, and spoke something to them for delaying. Luckily, kidnappers are very emotional and were amazed at what the girl said when it comes to money, 「 I know clearly you are impossible to kill me, you need money most of all
, but you should know money doesn』t grow on trees, but on painstaking hands.」
The girl said, 「 Uncle, you have probably had children like me, if you children
are in the danger of kidnapping, how then do you think? …」 Finally, the kidnappers were profoundly moved by her reasonable words, and policemen easily seized them about two days later, now they do their time.
Soon after, a journalist wanted to disclose the reason why such a little young
girl is so wise upon the curious queries from the public, but the girl』s parents definitely rejected to accept visit, because they are afraid of kidnapping again as everyone would probably know her. But her main teacher briefly told that
the school often takes 「 Keep a head ring a crisis, to be wise and brave.」 as a compulsory lesson to ecate pupils, this girl are brave enough to practise
this lesson. Also, the girl said she was sort of scared but must to eat enough to keep energetic so as to fight against the kidnappers as long as she could.
Through this story, I deeply feel that the importance of ecation. Nothing is
more important than to receive ecation. Ecation, is absolutely not complete
with graation, is a lifelong study and bound to exert a great impact on our future. Further, the value of ecation. We should not ecate children only for
the aim of ecation, our foremost purpose is to fit them for life.
We can see bats in almost every part of the world but they can』t live in very hot or very cold places. They live on all continents but do not live on Antarctica. You can find most species of bats in the places where the weather is nice and warm.
On some islands there are only a few kinds of bats. That』s because it』s too far for most bats to get to those islands.
In the United States, the greatest number of bats live in the south-western part of the country. This place has all kinds of places where bats can live and there is a lot of food ring most of the year. For example, Texas has 32 different kinds of bats while Maine has only 8; Arizona has 28 species, but Michigan has just 10.
詞數:39處理時間:2′09〃
Questions:1. The underlined word "species" in the first paragraph means "______"in Chinese.
A. 種類B. 數量C. 天敵D. 棲息地
2. We can learn from the passage that _____.
A. bats like warm places
B. bats live everywhere in the world
C. the US has the most bats in the world
D. bats don』t like living on islands
3. The passage mainly tells us ____.
A. how bats live B. where bats live
C. bats』food D. bats』life
B
本文詞數:182參考時間:2′32〃
㈣ 初中英語閱讀理解或完形填空中經常出的生單詞帶翻譯 感激不盡
常用的英語連詞,希望對你有用
1) 先後次序關系:at this time; at last; last but not least;to begin with;to start with;
to end with;since then;first of all;
2) 因果關系:because of;being that;as for;in that...; owing to; e to;
for the reason that...; in view of;for this reason; as a result of this;...and so...;
as a result;so that...; as a consequence;
3) 轉折關系: even so; even though;independent of;reckless of ;despite that;
in spite of that; and yet;
4) 並列關系: as well as;either...or...;both...and...
5) (補充)遞進關系:not only...but also...; not...but...; as far as...
in other words; on the other hand...; in order to ; at the same time;
6) 比較關系: in comparison with; compared with; ... rather than...,
7) 對照(不同點): by way of;on the contrary;different from this;as opposed to this;
on the other hand.
8) 舉例關系:for example; for instance; in this case; as you know;
such as; as regards; according to; on this occasion.
9) 強調關系:in fact; in reality;of course; to be true;without a doubt; in truth,
in any event(不論怎樣); without reservation(毫無保留地);
10) 條件關系: in this sense; if not all; if anything.
11) 歸納總結類: in other words;on the whole; in sum; in short;in brief;to sum up;
in conclusion; in summary; to conclude; for this reason; in short.
12) 地點關系: in front of; in the distance; on this side.
13) 目的關系:with this object; for this purpose; in order that; in this way, so that;
14) 重申關系:in other words; that is to say; as I have said; once again.
15) 結果關系: as a result; as a consequence; because of; so that; so... as to.
16) 順序關系: at this point; after this; preceding this;
17) 時間關系:at once; in the mean time; at the same time; in the end; not long after;
at last; from this time on; from time to time; since then; a few minutes later; in a moment
㈤ 初中英語完型填空和閱讀理解里經常出現的單詞,片語,語法
語法:冠詞, play sports(chess) 做運動(下旗) have breakfast(lunch/dinner) 吃早餐 中間不加冠詞 但如果中間有形容詞就要加冠詞 如:have a quickly lunch
數詞, five hundred apples (500個蘋果) 此時 hundred不能加復數(s)因為它是數詞,但是 hundreds of the apples 必須加s 為固定搭配 記著就行了 同理thousand也一樣
介詞(固定搭配) pay attenion to doing 注意做某事 be used to doing 常常做某事 hold on to doing 繼續做某事 此時to作介詞 後跟動名詞 其餘大多時候跟動詞 如like to do somgthing 喜歡做某事
單詞 1 listen to hear(heard heard) 的區別
listen to強調的過程 hear 強調聽到的結果
2 see (saw seen) look at 的區別
see強調看的結果 look at 強調 看的過程
3 dress(oneself) wear put on in 的區別
wear 和put on 後一定要加物體
wear 強調穿的狀態 put on 強調穿的動作
in 後面只跟顏色 以為某人穿了什麼顏色的衣服
dress後只跟人
4 both either neither all
both 兩個東西都要 後跟復數
all 三個東西都要 後跟復數
either 二選一/多選一 (兩個東西要一個)
neither 都不要 後跟單數
5. reach get to arrive at (in)
reach 不及物 一定後面沒有地點
arrive at (in) 及物 一定後面有地點 除非前面有特殊疑問詞(疑問句)
重要搭配: so...that take part in (jion in) feel like doing enjiy dong would like to do
㈥ 初中英語完型填空答題技巧,,如果有一些單詞不會怎麼辦
學習方法 做完形填空的方法
「完形填空」是初中英語試題中固定而重要的題型。它是一種障礙性的測試題。在一定程度上考查考生的閱讀能力、邏輯推理及分析歸納、綜合判斷能力。這種題型歸納起來有如下特點:
1. 降低了對單詞本身的考查要求,重點考查考生對短文的整體理解,上下文的段落銜接,情理分析及推理判斷能力。
2.針對初中學生的實際水平,一般採用故事體,盡量避免專業性太強的文章或論文體。近年來出現了以意義選擇為主、語法選擇逐漸減少的趨勢。
「完形填空」有多種形式,但它在基本設計原則上都是一致的。形式都是從短文中抽去若干詞,讓考生根據上下文填入適當的詞,為了有助於考生填入適當的詞,可以提供四個答案(其中包括一個正確答案),讓考生選出正確的答案;也可以給出單詞首字母完形填空,或者給出字母及單詞長度(由幾個字母組成);也可以不給考生提供任何線索,完全憑借考生對文章的理解和現有的語言能力完成。最常見的還是選擇型的「完形填空」。
「抽詞法」可以是有針對性地抽,也可以是隨機地抽。但目前比較流行的是對文章理解能力的考查,而不是單純對語法結構的考查。
完形填空題要求填入的詞主要有:構成各種時態和用法區別的動詞及短語動詞;名詞和介詞;根據上下文意思及結構必須填入的形容詞、副詞、代詞和連詞;同義詞、近義詞等易混詞。考查以實詞為主,兼顧虛詞和語法結構。難點主要集中在根據上下文作正確判斷的詞的用法上。
「完形填空」旨在測試考生的綜合應用語言能力。因此,要做好「完形填空」,不僅要具備一定的詞法、句法和慣用法等語法知識,而且還要具備閱讀理解能力、綜合分析能力和運用語言知識的實踐能力。
傳統的完形填空通常是將一篇邏輯性較強的短文,留出若干個空,然後採用「四選一」的方法,將短文補充完整。它屬於客觀題型。如今的完形填空題除保留傳統題型的優點外,還採用了選詞填空(有多餘選項)或根據上下文補全對話(或短文)等主觀題型。但事實證明,完形填空通常是同學們較難把握的題型之一,且失分率較高。限於篇幅,本文著重談談客觀題型的解法。
一、 目標要求
完形填空主要測試學生在具體語言環境中對文章的篇章結構、中心思想、推理判斷、詞語辨析、習慣用法、固定搭配等方面的能力要求,及對所學英語的綜合運用能力、快速閱讀理解能力及邏輯推理判斷能力等。
二、 解題步驟
在做完形填空題時,通常先弄清語境,並依據上下文進行合理的分析、判斷,才能作出恰當的選擇。具體可分為以下三步:
1. 通覽全文,了解大意
答題時,應先越過空檔,通讀全文,理順題意,找出信息詞。這是做好完形填空題的關鍵。因為完形填空的特點是著眼於整體理解。我們如果把短文比作環環相扣的鏈條,那麼由於空格的設置,「鏈條」從第二句起有些地方就脫節了。有些同學習慣於提筆就填或邊讀邊填,急於求成,然而,欲速則不達,結果往往由於「只見樹木不見森林」而事倍功半。因此我們應該依據首句給的啟示,通過邏輯思維,藉助短文中關鍵詞所提供的信息,越過空檔,盡快把全文讀完,建立語言的整體感,幫助我們了解短文大意。
2. 綜合考慮,先易後難
通覽全文後,認真觀察選項,瞻前顧後,仔細推敲,逐項選定。經過通讀全文,對短文有了整體印象。在此基礎上,可以根據全文大意,展開邏輯思維,分析這一空格處在句中的地位,前後的關系和它所起的作用,確定最佳答案。遇到困難,暫放一邊,先易後難,這是解題之道。當遇到難以判斷的空檔時,不妨先放一邊,繼續往下做。因為有些答案是必須通過下文的理解後才能作出斷定的。有時,前後信息之間還有相互提示作用。因此,當我們遇到難題時,不能久久停留於此,這樣會浪費不必要的時間。
3. 復讀檢驗,消除疏漏
完成所有空檔後,還要再次通讀全文,看看這時的短文行文是否流暢,意義是否連貫,邏輯關系是否合理。復查時,可從語法入手,檢查一下句子的時態、主謂一致、代詞的性、數、格以及詞語的搭配等是否正確。凡遇疑點,必須根據文章的中心思想,從意義、語法的角度來仔細權衡,加以改正,彌補疏漏。