高中英語科普類短文閱讀
感覺科普文章一般結構比較清晰，建議讀的時候即使不能做到每個詞內都弄懂，至少也要弄懂每段容的大意（這個一般在開頭句或者總結句能找到）。回答問題的時候看大概在哪個段落，然後再找就可以了。如果實在文章讀不下去，不妨先看一眼問題，這樣讀起來可能更有目的性。
個人經驗，希望有幫到你
㈡ 高一英語短文閱讀理解
英語作為高一必修的一門課程,對於初中階段和高中階段的 英語學習 起著承前啟後的關鍵作用。下面是我整理的 高一英語 短文，歡迎閱讀!
高一英語短文篇一
Redifine Yourself
How do you difine yourself? As a mother, father, daughter or any one of a myriad different titles? Or do you define yourself by other's perception of you? Do any of these come close to your own knowledge, your personal experience of whom you really are?
In your quiet moments, in times of inexplicable joy, have you had the overwhelming and yet clear and lucid feeling of total invincibility -- a feeling that nothing can hold you down, that you can accomplish anything and everything if you put your mind to it? Well, that feeling is not a random one.
What is ti that gets in the way of your exquisite power?
In fact, the infinite power that is naturally present in each and every one of us by virtue of own consicousness, can be rendered ineffectived if not tended to properly. The stress of our lifestyle, the pollution of our environment, and the collective stress of our world keeps us from functioning at our full potential.
But there are remedies: incorporate modalities in your lifesyle that effectively combat stress and help keep you centered. Some of these opinions are:
Be aware of what you eat, what you use -- both on yourself, and in your environment. Choose natural, organic procts.
Live a life of kindness, compassion, and charity -- it keeps you connected to your center, your source, that infinite reservoir within you that is your powerhouse.
Don't judge people, or situation -- approach each moment with the potential of any number of possibilities.
To connect with your real nature that is unbounded and invincible, practice yoga and mediation
Once you are in touch with your true nature, then nothing is beyond your means-- you are truly empowered. And that is an accurate definition of you!
高一英語短文篇二
Think What You Are!
Carbon and oxygen taken together, one atom each, gives you the deadly gas carbon monoxide. On the other hand, these very two elements on some other proportion provide us with carbon dioxide, the harmless gas. When these basic elements can behave in this way so can the human mind!
All human beings inhale the air from this very earth, consume nearly the same kind of food and live under the same sky gaining energy from its only source Sun. Then what makes an indivial distinct from each other? It's the attitude, the behavior that distinguishes one from other person. The thought process going on in our brains is what differs.
Solely our brains control our body, which in turn controls our living, our peace and happiness and overall progress as an indivial. What we input is what we get. What we think is what we develop into. What we feed into our brains is what we get the outcome as. On reaping good thoughts and positive attitude in our minds the good follows. Bad thoughts creeping in should be plucked and thrown off as soon as possible.
Human body takes commands from its brains and works. Our brains are functional always. So any kind of thought nurtured in our brains remain there even when we are not aware of their presence. These thoughts are processed without our conscious and the result follows. These outcomes can change our lives. At times when wrong words are spoken, they remain in our sub-conscious minds, without our awareness, and the wrong follows.
Brain as a physical thing is not aware of what is right and what is wrong. When we think about things in some way and the perspective with what we look at them for the first time remain in our mind. Our mind intends to take this perspective as true and makes way for it to follow. So on thinking well the good happens and wrong thought brings unhappy situations. Human beings learn from the situations faced in life and their thinking is affected by the circumstances faced. This in turn affects the thinking. Thus our life and our thoughts are mutually related. To lead a good life it is desired to think good.
So is rightly said, "What you think is not what you are… but what you THINK is what you are!"
高一英語短文篇三
Kiss of Reality
To talk of illusions, are't they great? Illusion or day dreaming help us to think of what we want to become in life. We literally see how life revolves us in that position. It's an entirely different world of pleasure, comfort and imagination. Most of our day dreaming or illusions make us more and more egocentric. The word ego means self. Hence by dreaming and visualization we become self-centered. We never realize that things we dream of can be achieved by us by programming ourselves to work for it. But somehow the pleasure of dreaming ourselves as someone important takes us away from the realistic approach to achieve that level of self-satisfaction and self-accomplishment.
This leads to an increase in the frustration levels of our mind. Why frustrations? This is because what we are, and what we dream of are totally different. We raise ourselves to a very high pedestal and we see that we are not able to live up to our expectations. And when this happens, we become mentally restless.
The vital solution that will dissolve all our problems is to make up our minds to get realistic. This approach will make us come in terms with reality. And there is no better road to self-improvement rather than the path of reality. When you gauge yourself, you subconsciously make two columns in your mind. One consists of the things that you are good at, and the other consists of the ares where you can improve. And believe it will boost us to work on our weak areas and strengthen them. Fortifying your weak areas will harness your conscience and improve you convert would be to must be. And when someting must happen, it always happens. This new you will improve you for the better and increase your levels of self-esteem.It will change your outlook to things.
I would like to type the thoughts that have just sprung up in my mind. Read and ponder on each line.I admit that it's a sad aim at poetry, but I am allowing my mind to control my typing.
If you want to achieve what you couldn't have
If you want to be what you want to be
If you want to do what you can do,
but aren't doing
If there is a place,you want to be
but haven't been
You will get there, become the one and do it
Cos its all in a state of mind.
Make up your mind and rule the stars.
Control your mind and make your fate.
I hope this conveys my thoughts with clarity. So it's some advice and suggestion to all those eyeballs running through this part of the book, to keep their heads on their shoulders without using heads and shoulders! And believe me guys; you guys have it in you to make it big. Just don't let that teenage iconoclastic habit rule over sense.
㈢ 高中英語小故事短文
故事在現實認知觀的基礎上，對其描寫成非常態性現象。是文學體裁的一種，側重於事件發展肢旅過程的描述。強調情節的生動性和連貫性，較適於口頭講述。下面為大家帶來了高中英語小故事短文，歡迎大家參考閱讀！
1. Camels 駱駝的故事
At the small zoo camel ask: "Mother Mother, why do we eyelashes so long?" Camel mother said: "When the wind came, the long eyelashes will enable us to be able to see the direction of the storm." small camel asked: "Mother Mother, why do we camels back then, the die ugly!" camel mother, said: "This is called hump, you can help us store a lot of water and nutrients, so that we can tolerate more than a dozen in the desert day of potable water without conditions. "small camel asked:" Mother Mother, why do we so thick the soles of the feet? "camel mother said:" That will enable us to many of the body is not stuck in soft sand, to facilitate long-distance ah journey. "small camel pleased bad:" Wow, so useful that we ah!! But mother, why we are still in zoos, do not desert hiking? "
2、The Boys And The Frogs 男孩和青蛙
One spring day some naughty boys were playing near a pond. They began to throw stones into the water. In the pond lived many frogs were much afraid of the boys, for the stones hurt some of the frogs. At last an old frog lifted his head out of the water and said, ¨Boys, please dont throw stones at us.〃The boys said, ¨We are only playing.〃 ¨I know that, but please stop throwing stones, my boys. What is play to you is death to us,〃 said the old frog. So the boys stopped throwing stones and went away. 春天裡的一天，頃譽一些頑皮的.男孩在一個水塘邊玩耍。他們開始往水裡扔石塊。許多生活在水塘里的青蛙非常害怕這些男孩，因為石頭曾弄傷了他們中的一些。最後一隻老青蛙把他的腦袋探出水面，他說：「孩子們，請別向我們扔石頭。」男孩說：「我們只是在玩耍。」「我知道，但請別扔石頭，孩子們。雀飢段對你們而言的玩耍對我們可意味著死亡。」老青蛙說。因此男孩們不再扔石頭並且離開了。
3. A Good Boy
Little Robert asked his mother for two cents. "What did you do with the money I gave you yestrday?"
"I gave it to a poor old woman," he answered.
"You're a good boy," said the mother proudly. "Here are two cents more. But why are you so interested in the old woman?"
4. The Fox. and the Crow
A Fox once saw a Crow fly off with a piece of cheese in its beak and settle on a branch of a tree. Thats for me, as I am a Fox, said Master Reynard, and he walked up to the foot of the tree. Good-day, Mistress Crow, he cried. How well you are looking to-day: how glossy your feathers; how bright your eye. I feel sure your voice must surpass that of other birds, just as your figure does; let me hear but one song from you that I may greet you as the Queen of Birds. The Crow lifted up her head and began to caw her best, but the moment she opened her mouth the piece of cheese fell to the ground, only to be snapped up by Master Fox. That will do, said he. That was all I wanted. In exchange for your cheese I will give you a piece of advice for the future. Do not trust flatterers.
5、The Thirsty Pigeon口渴的鴿子
A PIGEON, oppressed by excessive thirst, saw a goblet of water painted on a signboard. Not supposing it to be only a picture, she flew towards it with a loud whir and unwittingly dashed against the signboard, jarring herself terribly. Having broken her wings by the blow, she fell to the ground, and was caught by one of the bystanders.
Zeal should not outrun discretion.
有隻鴿子口渴得很難受，看見畫板上畫著一個水瓶，以為是真的。他立刻呼呼地猛飛過 去，不料一頭碰撞在畫板上，折斷了翅膀，摔在地上，被人輕易地捉住了。 這是說，有些人想急於得到所需的東西，一時沖動，草率從事，就會身遭不幸。
㈣ 高中英語的較難科普閱讀理解該怎樣處理
一般都是先看題目，對題目有個大致方向。
然後快速瀏覽一遍文章，因為科普說明文難度大，專版有名詞多，但權是文章脈絡很清晰，理解難度不大，所以只要瀏覽一遍，把握住中心思想。
說明文的選擇題大多為細節理解題，所以要帶著題目去文章中找答案，每一個選項一一對應，在文章中畫出來。
差不多就是這些了。
但是這個方法只針對說明文科普文，別的類型的文章還是需要搞懂文章大意再去做題目。
㈤ 高中英語短文及翻譯閱讀
英語閱讀是學習語言知識、提高英語語言能力的有效途徑，也是人們獲取外部信息、了解世界的主要手段。我整理了高中英語短文及翻譯，歡迎閱讀!
高中英語短文及翻譯篇一
It was my birthday yesterday. I got a lot of gifts. All of them were covered with coloured paper. Among them there were two interesting ones.
My elder sister gave me a round paper bag and I thought it was a football. BUt when I opened it, it turned out to be a clock. My brother gave me a message, saying that "My present has been put in your bedroom. "As soon as I went into my bedroom, I found a box. I opened it and found a laptop. I was very happy.
These two presents aim to let me study hard and not to waste time.
昨天是我的生日，我收到了很多禮物。它們用彩紙包著，其中有兩件有趣的東西。
我姐姐送了我一個圓紙包，開始我認為是個足球，但打開後才發現是一個鬧鍾。我哥給我留了張條，告訴我：“我的禮物已經放在你的卧室里了。”我走進卧室，發現一個盒子。我打開了它，裡面是一台筆記本電腦。我非常高興。
這兩件禮物是為了讓我好好學習，抓緊時間。
高中英語短文及翻譯篇二
I have a new deskmate this new term. His name is Zhang Gao, male.He is 1.8 metres in height. He looks like a sportsman for sun-tanned skin.Strongly-buih body and well-developed figure make him quite healthy.There is a pair of big eyes below his thick eyebrows.
He speaks very fast and fluently, but what he says is very clear. When he speaks, he is always making some gestures. He dreams of being an actor and I have no doubt that his dream will come true. Whenever he sees you,he always gives you a friendly smile which makes you comfortable. He is a good student. I hope he will have a wonderful future.
I like my new deskmate.
新學期我有一個新同桌。他的名字叫張高，男生，一米八的個頭。他看上去像一個運動員，由於皮膚很黑，身體結實和身材勻稱，他看起來很健康。厚厚的眉毛下有一雙大眼睛。
他說話流利並且語速很快，但是非常清楚。當他講話時，他總是做些手勢。他的理想是當一名演員，我確信他的夢想會變為現實。無論你何時看見他，他總是給你一個友好的笑容，使你感到很舒服。他是個好學生，我希望他有一個美好的未來。
我喜歡我的新同桌。
高中英語短文及翻譯篇三
不要以貌取人
My new friend Jack is a fashion follower who often wears strange clothes and long hair. But my mother drove him away from our flat at the first sight yesterday. She thought he was a bad person, although she didn't know him at all.
However, mom totally changed her mind this morning. When we were walking down the street near our home, we witnessed an accident. A boy was hit by a car when he was walking across the road with headphones. Many people saw it, but at first no one knew how to help. Then someone rushed forwards and covered the boy with his coat to keep warm. He looked after him well until the ambulance came. It was Jack! His calmness and seasoned first aid skills moved mom. She went and apologized to Jack for her former attitute, and told him that he was always welcome to our home.
That gives me a lesson. The appearance may reflect one's interest, but it isn't the symbol of one's quality. We should never judge a book with its cover.
我的新朋友傑克是一個時尚追隨者，他經常穿奇怪的衣服，留著長頭發。但是我媽媽昨天第一次見到他的時候就開車送他離開。她認為他是一個壞人，雖然她根本不認識他。
然而，今天早上媽媽完全改變了她的想法。當我們走在我們家附近的大街上，我們目睹了一場意外事故。一個待著耳機男孩過馬路的時候被車撞了。很多人看到了，但一開始沒有人知道怎麼救人。然後有人跑上前，把自己的大衣蓋到男孩身上來保暖。他一直照顧男孩直到救護車來了。那是傑克!他的冷靜和豐富的急救經驗感動了媽媽。她為之前的態度向傑克道歉，並告訴他我們家總是歡迎他的到來。
這給我上了一課。外表可能會反映出一個人的興趣，但這並不是個人品質的象徵。我們永遠不應該以貌取人。
㈥ 高中英語小短文帶翻譯3篇
英語作為一種重要的對外交流工具在我們現實生活和工作中佔有很重要的地位,而英語閱讀又在英語學習中起著至關重要的作用。我精心收集了高中英語小短文帶翻譯，供大家欣賞學習!
高中英語小短文帶翻譯篇1
As a human being, one can hardly do without a friend, for life without friends will be a lonely voyage in the vast dark sea or one in the barren desert. Traly, a friend gives out light and warmth like a lamp. For this reason, I have always felt it a blessing if a friend comes to console me in my sadness, cheer me up in my low spirits, or heartedly share with me my happiness. It is wonderful, too, to feel that someone is standing by me and ready to provide help and encouragement in my pursuit of a noble and glorious cause.
For millions of years, people have heaped beautiful verses and essays upon friendship. Yet, they, too, have mercilessly accused false friendship, for there are always some mean characters who approach you and act as dear friends when you are wealthy or influential, but desert or even betray you the instant you come down in the world or are entrapped by unfortunate things. Therefore, people all attach great importance to the recognition of true friendship. And a faithful friend is considered even more precious than a priceless pearl or a precious stone. The old saying A friend in need is a friend indeed has become the teaching and standard for true friends.
Still, it is natural that different people observe different principles in making friends. Some view it important to make friends with whom they may share similar interests or hobbies with. Others are liable to befriend VIPs so as to gain some favors or privileges. And I am of those who think very little of similarity or position or power. So long as a person has a heart of gold, being warm-hearted, selfless, honest, open-minded, but not brutal, cold, shortsighted nor narrow~minded, I am willing to make friends with him or her, give my e support and help, and remain faithful to him or her all my life.
作為一個普通人,一個人幾乎不能沒有朋友,沒有朋友的生活將是一個孤獨的航行在黑暗大海或在貧瘠的沙漠之一。交一個朋友發出的光和溫暖像一盞燈。出於這個原因,我一直覺得祝福如果有朋友來安慰我在我悲傷,讓我高興起來在我情緒低落,或深情地與我分享我的快樂。它是美好的,也覺得有人站在我,准備好提供幫助和鼓勵在我追求一種高尚而光榮的事業。
數百萬年來,人們堆美麗的詩和散文在友誼。然而,他們也無情地指責假友誼,總是有一些代表人物接近你,作為朋友們當你有錢或者有影響力,但沙漠甚至背叛你落魄的即時或夾了不幸的事情。因此,人們都重視承認真正的友誼。和一個忠實的朋友是更珍貴無價的珍珠或寶石。俗話說一個朋友在需要的是一個朋友確實已成為教學和標準的真正的朋友。
不過,很自然的,不同的人觀察不同的原則結交朋友。一些人認為交朋友很重要他們可能分享相似的興趣或愛好。其他人則容易交友貴賓,以獲得一些支持和特權。和那些認為我很少相似或地位或權力。只要一個人有一顆金子般的心,熱心的,無私的,誠實的,開放的,但不是殘酷的,冷,目光短淺的也不是心胸狹窄~,我願意和他或她做朋友,給我的支持和幫助,並保持忠實於他或她所有我的生活。
高中英語小短文帶翻譯篇2
Yesterday my mother asked me a question, which makes me a Joji monk - scratching their heads. She asked what I want New Year‘s Day gift, I said: I want to eat a lot of good food. Mom heard shook his head and says: I did not that necessary, you change one. I said: I want to go out Play. my mother said: I do not have time, and so have time to talk. Then I also mentioned several wishes, mother did not agree. Toss this one night, thought of going to school the next day but also had to stop there either. So I harbored an uneasy feeling to sleep.
Today, math teacher took a card into the classroom, I think: Who is it? Who will do it good luck card before? Read to the teacher suddenly pondered: Baby Zhang Qi won to your greeting cards. I was very surprised, I thought of classmates were just not thought of himself, I harbored doubts take over the card carefully and remembered feelings above the words Happy Baby Zhang Qi children a happy festival! in the new year to study progress. Your father, mother. Although only a short sentence I read a long time, when I really feel blessed, there is such love my mom and dad, and I‘m proud to have such parents. What I would like to precious a gift than this do? Here, I sincerely thank my parents, thank them for sending me such a simple and valuable gift.
昨天我媽媽問我一個問題,這讓我和尚——摸不著頭腦。她問我想要什麼新年禮物,我說:我要吃很多好的食物。媽媽聽到搖了搖頭,說:我覺得沒有必要,你可以換一個。我說:我想出去玩。我媽媽說:我沒有時間,所以沒有時間說話。然後我還提到幾個願望,母親不同意。這一天晚上,想到第二天去學校但也不得不停止。所以我擁有一種不安的感覺入睡。
今天,數學老師進教室拿出一張卡片,我想:是誰?誰會祝你好運卡嗎?張琪讀給老師突然思考:寶寶贏得你的賀卡。我非常驚訝,我以為同學只是沒有想到自己,我存在懷疑接管上面的牌和記憶的感情的話張琪快樂寶貝兒童節日快樂!在新的一年裡學習進步。你爸爸,媽媽。雖然只有一個簡短的句子我讀很長時間,當我真正感到幸福,有愛我的爸爸媽媽,我有這樣的父母感到自豪。我想比這個珍貴的禮物嗎?在這里,我真誠地感謝我的父母,感謝他們把我這樣一個簡單的和有價值的禮物。
高中英語小短文帶翻譯篇3
Everyone all has each others direction and purposein the life. When we onsider our purpose and place in life. Many people all would harbor grand desires to improve and change their respective community and countries. (But i am an exception hehe)).In other words.. success just likes depends on the small tools, or pieces, which keep structures from tumbling. Just as screws are the small yet essential objects that strengthen and sustain, we should strive for the society to live and work within. Without our earnest efforts, communities couldn't be so securely maintained.
Human society is vast and seems boundless, it also important to be modest. Regardless of how great own achievements maybe, one is still only a single screw in the large machinery. But if you must be a screw, be a strong and shining one!!!
每個人都有彼此的生活方向和目的。我們不越位的人生目標和定位。很多人都將很多大慾望改進和改變各自的社區和國家。(但我是一個例外呵呵))。換句話說. .成功就是喜歡取決於小工具,或碎片,住整體結構不動搖。正如螺絲還小的基本對象,加強和維持,我們應該爭取社會中生活和工作。沒有我們的認真努力,社區無法安全地維護。
人類社會是廣闊的,似乎無邊無際,同樣重要的是適度的。無論多麼偉大的成就也許,仍然只有一個螺絲在大型機械。但是如果你必須是一個螺絲,一個強大和閃亮的一個! ! !
㈦ 科普類英語文章
隨著科學技術的飛速發展和全球化進程的不斷加快，科普 文章 在向社會大眾普及科學技術知識，提高公眾科學素養等方面發揮著舉足輕重的作用。下面是我帶來的科普類英語文章，歡迎閱讀!
科普類英語文章
生物與環境平衡的危機
The history of life on earth has been a history of interaction between living things and their surroundings. To a large extent, the physical form and the habits of the earth’s vegetation and its animal life have been molded by the environment. Considering the whole span of earthly time, the opposite effect, in which life actually modifies its surroundings, has been relatively slight. Only in the present century has one species man acquired significant power to alter the nature of his world.
During the past quarter century this power has not only become increasingly great but it has changed in character. The most alarming of all man’s assaults upon the environment is the contamination of air, earth, rivers, and sea with dangerous and even lethal materials. This pollution is for the most part irrecoverable. In this now universal contamination of the environment, chemicals are the sinister partners of radiation in changing the very nature of the world the very nature of its life. Chemicals sprayed on croplands or forests or gardens lie long in soil, entering into living organisms, passing from one to another in a chain of poisoning and death. Or they pass mysteriously by underground streams until they emerge and combine into new forms that kill vegetation, sicken cattle, and work unknown harm on those who drink from once pure wells. "Man can hardly even recognize the devils of his own creation," as a scientist has said.
It took hundreds of millions of years to proce the life that now inhabits the earth. Given time not in years but in millennia life adjusts, and a balance has been reached. But in the modern world there is no time.
The rapidity of change follows the impetuous pace of man rather than the deliberate pace of nature. Radiation is now the unnatural creation of man’s tampering with the atom. The chemicals are the synthetic5 creations of man’s inventive mind, having no counterparts in nature.
To adjust to these chemicals would require not merely the years of a man’s life but the life of generations. And even this, were it by some miracle possible, would be futile, for the new chemicals come from our laboratories in an endless stream; almost five hundred annually find their way into actual use in the United States alone. Among them are many that are used in man’s war against nature. Since the mid 1940’s over 200 basic chemicals have been created for use in killing insects, weeds, and other organisms described as "pests."
It is not my contention that chemical insecticides must never be used. I do contend that we have put poisonous and biologically potent chemicals indiscriminately into the hands of persons largely or wholly ignorant of their potentials for harm. We have subjected enormous numbers of people to contact with these poisons, without their consent and often without their knowledge. I contend, furthermore, that we have allowed these chemicals to be used with little or no advance investigation of their effect on soil, water, wildlife, and man himself. Future generations are unlikely to forgive our lack of concern for the integrity of the natural world that supports all life.
地球上生命的歷史一直就是一部生物與其環境相互作用的歷史。在很大程度上，地球上動植物的形態以及習性都是由外部環境所塑造的。考慮到地球上生命存在的整個時間，相反作用，即生命對其周圍環境的實際改變作用，卻相對很小。只有在當前這個世紀(指20世紀)才有一個物種--人類，獲得了強大的力量，改變了其所生存的世界的自然狀態。
在過去的1/4世紀中，這種力量不僅日趨強大，而且其性質也發生了變化。在人類破壞環境的種種行為中，最令人擔憂的是人類向大氣、土壤、河流以及海洋中排放危險甚至致命物質，而當今這種污染在很大程度上是無法挽救的。在當今這種對環境的普遍污染中，化學製品與輻射狼狽為奸，改變著地球的自然狀態，也就是改變著地球上生命的自然狀態。噴灑到農田、森林或者花園里的化學物質長期滯留於土壤中，滲入有機體內，並彼此相傳，形成了一個中毒與死亡的鏈條。化學物質還神秘地通過地下水傳遞，最終以新的形式出現並結合，使植物毒死，牲畜害病，並使飲用一度純凈的井水的人遭受了不明之害。正如一位科學家所言：“人類甚至對自己創造的惡魔都不認識。”
地球歷經了許多億年才創造了棲息其上的生命。經過了一定時間--不是以若干年計而是以若干千年計的時間--生命開始適應環境，並形成了一種與環境的平衡。但是在現代世界中，時間這一因素已經沒有了。
環境改變的速度不再順從大自然從容不迫的節奏，而是順從人類急切匆匆的步伐。輻射是當今人類通過支配原子而得到的一種非自然的創造物。化學製品則是人類有發明創造力的頭腦創造出來的合成物，在自然界本無相應的東西。
為了適應這些化學製品，人類需要付出的時間不會只是一個人一生的時間，而是幾代人的時間。而即使這樣，就算出現奇跡成為可能，這種適應也是徒勞的，因為新的化學製品從我們的實驗室中源源不斷地湧出。僅在美國，每年就有大約500種化學製品投入使用，其中許多是用於人類對自然的戰爭中。從20世紀40年代中期起，人類已經創造了200多種基本化學製品用來消滅昆蟲、野草以及其他所謂的“有害生物”。
我不是說人類決不能使用化學殺蟲劑。我要說的是，我們不分青紅皂白地將這些有毒的、具有強大生物功能的化學製品，交給了那些對這些製品的潛在危害基本上或者完全無知的人去使用。我們使眾多的人接觸這些有毒物質，卻沒有徵得他們的同意，並常常將他們蒙在鼓中。我還要說的一點是，我們允許使用這些化學製品，卻事先很少或者根本沒有調查它們對土壤、水、野生生物以及人類自身造成的影響。我們缺乏對萬物賴以生存的自然界生態統一的關心，對此，我們的後代是不可能原諒的。
科普類英語文章
基因技術能否使人更聰明?Get Smart
Many people dream of having a smarter brain. Princeton neurobiologist Joseph Z. Tsien found the key. In September he announced that he’d built a better mouse by altering a gene that affects learning and memory. A similar process of gene manipulation might conceivably be used one day to boost intelligence in humans.
The secret lies in a feature of brain cells called the nmda receptor, which Tsien likens[1] to a cylindrical tube or window that mediates[2] the flow of information. When the window is open, chemicals called neurotransmitters flow through easily and memory is registered and stored. But as organisms mature, the window begins to close. (This may explain why children lose their facility for learning new languages when they reach sexual maturity and why some people suffer memory loss as they age.)
Tsien noticed that the receptor worked more efficiently when teamed[3] with the gene NR2B, so he introced extra NR2B genes into a batch of fertilized mouse eggs. In a normal mouse, the memory window is open for just 150-thousandths of a second. In Tsien’s specially engineered mice, the window opens for 250-thousandths of a second, long enough to make a remarkable difference in memory retention. When he pitted[4] his mice against common mice, they won paws down. Ordinary mice could recognize a Lego block for 12 hours, but smart mice could remember the block for up to three days. "That’s a profound enhancement," Tsien says.
Can it be done with humans? Maybe, but genetic engineering will have to make some extraordinary advances first. And some thorny ethical issues will have to be resolved. Meanwhile, Tsien promises to keep his furry little geniuses locked up in a lab, far from your larder. "Otherwise," he says, "you might need a smart cat or a smart mousetrap to catch them."
許多人都希望自己能變成更聰明。普林斯頓神經生物學家Joseph Z. Tsien就找到了這把開啟智慧之門的鑰匙：他於九月宣布，通過改變影響學習和記憶能力的基因培養出了一隻聰明的老鼠。類似的基因處理技術有望在未來日子裡運用到人腦，以推動人類智慧的飛躍。
該技術的奧秘就在於名為nmda感受器的腦細胞的功能。Tsien將其比作一個傳遞信息流的圓柱通道或窗口。當窗口開放時，某種稱為神經傳遞素的化學物質就能輕易流過，記憶因此登記並存儲了下來。然而，當器官成熟時，這扇窗口就開始關閉。(這也能解釋為何 兒童 長大後(性器官成熟之時)會失去掌握新語言的能力，以及為何某些人年老時會患失憶)。
Tsien注意到，當感受器與名為NR2B的基因協作時效率會更高。因此，他將NR2B基因植入一批老鼠的受精卵中。一隻普通老鼠的記憶之窗僅開放千分之150秒。而經Tsien植入基因的老鼠，記憶之窗能開放千分之250秒，這已經能夠使其 記憶力 發生驚人的改變。當他讓自己的老鼠與普通老鼠互斗時，它們竟能輕而易舉地取勝。普通老鼠能夠保留關於Lego block的記憶12小時，而聰明的老鼠居然能將記憶保持三天。“這可是一個意義深遠的進步。”Tsien這樣說。
那麼，人類也能接受這種基因移植嗎? 或許可以，但前提是基因工程得首先做出非凡的成就，還必須解決一系列棘手的倫理問題。Tsien保證他一定會將那些披著毛皮的小天才鎖入實驗室，遠離人們的食品櫃。“否則，”他說，“為了捉住他們，人們就不得不去尋找更聰明的貓或者功能更強的捕鼠器了。”
科普類英語文章
食用轉基因食品安全嗎?Food Safe To Eat?
Traditional plant breeding involve s crossing varieties of the same species in ways they could cross naturally.For example，disease-resistant varieties of wheat have been crossed with high-yield wheat to combine these properties.This type of natural gene exchange is safe and fairly predictable.
Genetic engineering(GE)involves exchanging genes between unrelated species that cannot naturally exchange genes with each other.GE can involve the exchange of genes between vastly different species――e.g.putting scorpion toxin genes into maize or fish antifreeze genes into tomatoes.It is possible that a scorpion toxin gene，even when it is in maize DNA，will still get the organism to proce scorpion toxin――but what other effects may it have in this alien environment?We are already seeing this problem――adding human growth hormone genes to pigs certainly makes them grow――but it also gives them arthritis and makes them cross-eyed，which was entirely unpredictable.
It will be obvious，for example，that the gene for human intelligence will not have the same effect if inserted into cabbage DNA as it had in human DNA――but what side-effect would it have?In other words，is GM food safe to eat?The answer is that nobody knows because long-term tests have not been carried out.
Companies wanting a GM proct approved in the UK or USA are required to provide regulatory bodies with results of their own safety tests.Monsanto’s soya beans were apparently fed to fish for10weeks before being approved.There was no requirement for independent testing，for long-term testing，for testing on humans or testing for specific dangers to children or allergic people.
The current position of the UK Government is that“ There is no evidence of long-term dangers from GM foods.”In the US，the American Food and Drug Administration is currently being prosecuted for covering up research that suggested possible risks from GM foods.
傳統的植物培育 方法 ，是依照植物自然雜交的方式，進行相同物種的人工雜交。比如，抗病小麥同高產小麥雜交，形成了一種具有雙重特性的新的小麥品種。這種自然的基因交換既安全，又具有相當的可預見性。
基因工程是在彼此毫無關系的物種之間，相互交換在自然條件下無法交換的基因。它可在有巨大差異的物種之間進行基因交換。比如，將蠍子毒素基因注入玉米，或者將魚防凍基因注入西紅柿。即使在玉米DNA中，蠍子毒素基因依然可能獲得有機組織產生蠍子毒素。但是在這種異質的環境中，這種基因產品會有什麼其他作用嗎?我們實際上已經發現這個問題：將人類生長荷爾蒙基因植入豬的體內，一定會使豬的生長加速，但是同時也使豬患上了關節炎和內斜視，而這一切是完全無法預測的。
打個比方，人類的智力基因顯而易見在人體DNA內和注入捲心菜DNA後的作用是不同的。但將它植入捲心菜中會產生什麼樣的副作用呢?換句話說，食用轉基因食品安全嗎?沒有人知道答案，因為人們尚未進行長期的測試。
在英國或者美國，一個公司如果希望其轉基因產品獲得批准，它必須向管理機構提供本公司轉基因產品安全測試的結果。Monsanto的大豆在獲得批准之前，曾用了10周時間進行喂魚試驗。目前，尚無要求對轉基因產品進行獨立測試、長期測試、人體測試，或者就其對兒童及過敏者所造成的特定危險進行測試。
英國政府目前的態度是：“尚無證據表明食用轉基因食品存在長期性的危險。”在美國，人們正在起訴美國食品葯品管理局掩蓋轉基因食品安全性的研究結果，這些研究結果表明，食用轉基因食品可能導致危險。
㈧ 求英語科普類文章（附中文）
Are the sun and the solar system to the sun as the center, dominated by its gravity and the objects around it sports posed by the system
. Members include the sun, Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Saturn, Jupiter, Uranus, Neptune, Ming
Wang, more than 2000 asteroids 34 satellites, as well as a lot of comets and meteoroids.
The sun (Sun)
The center of the solar system objects. Are a star. Contains nearly 98% of the solar system quality. With the Earth's average
Distance of 149,600,000 kilometers diameter 1,390,000 kilometers, to the Earth 109 times the volume of the Earth's 1.3 million times, Ping
Are the density of 1.4 grams / cubic centimeter. Surface temperature of about 6000 degrees Celsius, the center temperature of 15 million degrees Celsius. By
Nuclear fission of hydrogen nuclei into helium thermonuclear reaction a large amount of energy. The naked eye we see the surface layer called the "light ball"
, Light balls above a layer called the "chromosphere", the most outer layer called the "corona", which formed the sun's atmosphere. Too
Yang's rotation period is 25 days, the bipolar area is about 35 days, the sun on the most abundant chemical element hydrogen.
The sun's activity stems from its central part. The sun's core pressure of more than 34 billion times the Earth. Here at hair
Health of nuclear fusion. Fusion led to the four proton or a hydrogen atom or helium nuclei阿爾法粒子. Al
Law on the quality of particles smaller than 0.7 percent to four protons, the quality of the remaining energy is transformed into the sun and was released to the table
Noodles, and through the process of emitting light and heat convection. Solar core, through millions of years of energy required to reach
Its surface. Per second have been 700 million tons of hydrogen into helium. In the process, there are about five million tons of net energy
Volume was released, so the sun can make light-emitting.
Photosphere are the chromosphere above. Amount of solar power through the region from the center outward transfer. This layer can be seen too
Yang flares. Flares sunspots are formed before the chromosphere the hydrogen generated by hot clouds. Photosphere at some
Region, a slightly lower temperature than the surrounding (usually 4000 degrees Celsius), this is the sunspot.
The sun's outer atmosphere called the corona. Date the region has t. Date ts are the upper chromosphere at the enormous
Flame. The most coronal extension of outer space-oriented and radiation generated by the particles from the sun. Coronal only have the whole day
Can be seen when fresh.
The sun's age of about 46 million years, it can continue to burn about 50 million years. At the final stage of its existence, too
Yang will be in the helium into heavy elements, the sun will also be the beginning of the volume continues to expand, until the Earth swallowed. At
一億年After the red giant stage, the sun will suddenly collapse into a white dwarf - all stars of the existence
The final stage. Go through several萬億年, it will eventually completely cooled.
Mercury (Mercury)
Ancient China, also known as "辰星." The sun, one of the nine planets. From the sun recently. With solar distance 0.39
Astronomical units, that is 57.91 million kilometers in diameter for 38% of the Earth, mass of the Earth's 5.5%, density of water
5.4 times larger orbit eccentricity, 0.21. Revolution period of 88 days, the rotation period of 59 days. For
The sun side of the temperature of 400 degrees Celsius, while the sun back to -160 degrees Celsius, Mercury has many craters on
And has a strong magnetic field, the surface strength of 1% of the Earth. Shell by the porous soil, or similar surface soil of the moon rock
Composed of stone powder. Mercury is even lower than Jupiter's satellite Ganymede (Ganymede) and Saturn's satellite Titan (soil
Titan) is also small.
Mercury surface similar to the lunar surface. Meteorite st covered the ups and downs撞成hills, a few kilometers of the fault cliff high
Stretching hundreds of kilometers, large and small craters are everywhere. Looks at the sun than the Earth on large two and a half times.
Because of not enough air to scatter sunlight, the sky is usually dark. If you look up to the sky, he also
Xu will find two bright stars: a bright yellow are the Venus, the other one is blue earth.
On observations from the Earth, Mercury and the sun angle of the largest only 28 degrees at dawn or ring the day it appeared in the sky
, So its observation very difficult. In the "sailors" on the 10th visit the Mercury before the awareness of Mercury are
Very small.
Because of its revolution and rotation of the relationship between the more complex, if the sun to rise from the sun for a Down
Units to calculate, on the day of Mercury will be the day the Earth 176.
Mercury appears that it can not exist on the water, its atmosphere is very small, and very high temperatures ring the day. However, in 1991
Mercury at the Arctic scientists found an unusual bright spot. Highlights the possible cause of this are at the surface
Or underground ice. Because the orbit of Mercury is rather special, at its North Pole, the sun is always on the horizon only irresolute
Further. At some of the internal crater may never see the sun because of the temperature dropped to -161 degrees Celsius
. Such a low temperature is likely to solidification from the planetary internal release of gas, or accumulation of ice from space
.
Mercury atmospheric pitiful, its main components for helium (42%), Sodium vapor (42%) and oxygen (15%), and its
The average surface temperature of 179 degrees Celsius, up to 427 degrees Celsius, a minimum of -173 degrees Celsius.
Venus (Venus)
Ancient China, also known as "Venus", "Chang", "Tai", "star" and so on, the nine planets of the solar system
1. According to the order from the sun for the second. With an average distance of the sun 0.72 astronomical units, 108,210,000
Km. Size and the Earth is similar to the diameter of the Earth smaller than 5%, quality 82% of the Earth, the density of water, 5
.2 Times the revolution period of 225 days, the rotation period is 243 days, the rotation direction and the other planets the contrary, the surface cover
Covered a very thick atmosphere, the most carbon dioxide, oxygen and water vapor low surface temperature as high as 480 degrees Celsius
About. Venus surface of the magnetic field only one-thousandth of the Earth also has an ionosphere. Separately in the morning because of Venus
Morning and evening in the sky, the ancient astrologers have been think there are two such planets, then sub -
Do not be referred to as the "Morningstar" and "evening." In English, Venus - "Venus" (Venus) is an ancient Romanian
Horse of the god of love and beauty. It has always been curly clouds shrouded in mystery at.
Because of Venus and the Earth in size, mass, density and weight on very similar, and almost all of Venus and the Earth
Formed simultaneously by the same nebula, astrologers will have them as sister planets. But recently scientists have discovered
, Venus and the Earth in fact very different. Venus has no oceans, it has been the main ingredients for a thick oxide
Carbon in the atmosphere surrounded by water does not. Its cloud is composed of sulfuric acid droplets. At the surface, it
Equivalent to atmospheric pressure at sea level on the Earth 92 times.
Because of Venus's thick atmosphere of carbon dioxide caused by "greenhouse effect", Venus surface temperature up to 482 photo
S degrees. Sunlight through the atmosphere will be hot roast Venus surface. Surface outward radiation of heat at the process by
Atmospheric barrier, can not be distributed into outer space. This makes Venus than in Mercury also hot.
Random surface of Venus is covered with many small craters. Because of Venus's thick atmosphere, a diameter less than 2 kilometers
Crater is almost impossible to retain it. And when a large meteorite in a small pit formed before the meteorite hit the surface of Venus, and its proction
Health and debris at the surface of the crater proced exceptional group. Volcanoes and volcanic activity of a lot of the surface of Venus. To
Less 85% of Venus surface covered with volcanic rocks. Many lava flows hundreds of kilometers, fill the lowland, forming a broad
Wide plains. In addition to hundreds of large volcanoes, more than 100,000 small crater Block embellishment at the surface of Venus. From fire
Mountain emitted lava flows resulted in a long trench, ranging up to hundreds of kilometers, one of a range of ultra -
Over 7000 kilometers.
The topography of Venus is covered with vast lava plains and mountains of geological activities undermine or plateau. At
Maxwell Hill Ishtar region are the highest mountain on Venus. Aphrodite highland region occupies almost
Half of the equatorial regions. Magellan plans to obtain more than 2.5 kilometers of Venus images show the existence of the plateau zone prescribed
Bright soil moist. However, in the Venus surface, liquid water are unlikely to exist, and could not explain the bright plateau
Reasons. There was a presumption that these bright regions may be e to metal compounds. Studies have shown that this
Some metals may be iron sulfide. It can not exist in the plain areas, but at high altitude is possible. These payments
May also be an alien, and it led to the effect is the same, but the concentrations are lower.
The Earth (Earth)
The nine planets of the solar system, according to the order from the sun for the third stars, with the sun's average distance of about 14,960
10,000 kilometers, the volume of around 1,083,200,000,000 cubic kilometers for the equatorial radius is about 6378 kilometers, the radius is extremely 6,3
57 kilometers, a difference of 21 kilometers. The average water density is 5.5 times the revolution period is 365.25 days, the rotation cycle 2
3:56. Revolution of the Earth orbit is an ellipse with the Earth equatorial plane into 23 degrees 26 minutes angle. So generated
The length of the seasons and day and night. Surface has a solid crust. An area of 51,100 km, one of the total marine table
Area of 71%, land is about 29%, surrounded by the atmosphere, nitrogen, oxygen, water vapor and other gas components. Earth
Has a satellite - the moon. Used to distinguish the characteristics of the Earth are on a black background and blue water, brown and green
Land and the large white cloud.
We are the Earth's atmosphere is 78 percent nitrogen, 21% are oxygen, the remaining 1 percent are other ingredients. Flat surface of the Earth
Both the temperature is 15 degrees Celsius, the mean pressure of 101.3 Pa.
The Earth are the only known solar system planets existence of life. Express our planet's rotation and nickel iron lava nuclear
Heart to generate a vast magnetic field, together with the atmosphere to prevent almost all from the sun and other stars
Harmful rays. The Earth's atmosphere for us to block a lot of meteorites, meteorite much at their arrival and before the
Had been burned.
Since the beginning of human space exploration, our own planet there is a greater awareness. The first man-made human beings to
Ball satellite discovered a strong radiation zone, now called the Van Allen radiation belts. The causes are from
Sports Express in the charged particles in the equatorial region of a circular region to capture the Earth's magnetic field. Earth's magnetic field
By the solar wind into a droplet-shaped twist of this phenomenon is also found by satellite. We also found that once we identified
Is very calm for the upper atmosphere, they are very active, and it ring the day and evening to narrow expansion. Live by the sun
Dynamic effects of the Earth's upper atmosphere to affect weather and climate.
Apart from the impact of the Earth's climate, the sun's activities are also our atmosphere for the brilliant performances. When the charged particle
Son of the Earth's magnetic field has been captured, they are with our planet's pole impact air molecules so that these open air molecules
Sending light, this is the "Aurora."
Mars (Mars)
Ancient China, also known as "熒惑," the nine planets of the solar system, according to the order from the sun for the fourth stars. And too
Yang average distance 1.52 astronomical units, or 227,940,000 kilometers in diameter for 53% of the Earth, its size at
Ranked seventh in the solar system. Quality for 11 percent of the Earth, the density of water is 3.9 times the revolution period of 687 days,
Rotation cycle of 24 hours 37 minutes. Mars's equatorial plane and orbital plane 23 degrees 59 minutes into the corner, so on Mars also has
Four Seasons, a quarterly basis and around six months long. Very thin atmosphere, mainly composed of carbon dioxide, the surface temperature at Chek
Road ring the day and the highest, at 28 degrees Celsius, down to -132 degrees Celsius at night, white極冠of the main components of water ice
Also has a small amount of dry ice, the size of極冠changes with the seasons. Sometimes disappear in summer and winter increase. Surface
Comparing the same as the Earth has rocks, volcanic and desert regions. On Mars because of the rock, sand and sky are red
Color or pink, so the planet is often also referred to as the "red planet."
The southern hemisphere of Mars are similar to the moon covered with craters of the ancient plateau, while the Northern Hemisphere, mostly organized by young plains
Composition. Mars 24 kilometers high on the "Olympus" Mountains can be called the solar system are the highest mountains. Away from fire
Stars around tens of thousands of kilometers, have two very small stars, which are the Martian satellites.
In Chinese, the name is reminiscent of Mars to the "fire" and hot, but in fact, this red planet is
Abnormal cold and dry. Nevertheless, Mars is still in the solar system and earth are the most similar to a planet. It
Smaller than the size of the Earth, the atmosphere thinner than the Earth.
A very thin atmosphere of Mars, the Earth's atmospheric pressure is only 7 thousandths. The main components of the atmosphere of Mars are dioxoketene
CFCs, and other ingredients are nitrogen, argon, oxygen and so on. Mars atmospheric water at the proportion of only 0.03%
. Thus abnormal drying the surface of Mars.
Mars the average temperature of minus 55 degrees Celsius, while the larger temperature difference: In the summer, daytime temperatures up to
Twenty degrees Celsius, while in winter the temperature can be as low as minus more than 100 degrees Celsius. Mars often have strong winds,
And thus often leads to large-scale st storms.
Scientists have found that many areas on Mars have been signs of erosion, but it seems to criss-cross the riverbed
Telling us that Mars once had liquid water, they gather into large and small lakes, and even marine
. Scientists, it was explained that at the early formation of Mars, the planet by thick clouds of carbon dioxide
The parcels, resulting in a powerful "greenhouse effect" by the solar radiation, heat the surface of Mars have been obstructing the clouds
Separated, can not be distributed to the outer space, making temperatures rise, so that liquid water to exist. At that time, the warmth of the Martian
Humid, you may have been bred to life.
Mars has two poles at many solid-state carbon dioxide (dry ice), scientists have speculated that in these enormous ice
Cover may exist below the water-solid.
Jupiter (Jupiter)
Ancient China, also known as "歲星," one of the solar system planets. According to the order from the sun for the Fifth stars. And too
Yang average distance of 5.20 astronomical units, or 778,300,000 kilometers. Volume and quality than the other eight planets
Combined, and the equatorial diameter of the Earth 11.18 times for the 142.8 thousand kilometers. The quality of the Earth's 317.89-fold
, Density of water 1.3 times, public transfer cycle 11.86, the rotation cycle for the 9:50 is the fastest one rotation
Stars, so the shape is very flat. Jupiter atmospheric shading shows staggered parallel to the equator of the cloud band, the temperature was about -12
1 degrees Celsius. Well-known Great Red Spot are embedded in the cloud band of clouds. Atmospheric thickness of about 730 kilometers. Atmospheric depths have
Water vapor, but the total amount of less than hydrogen. There are acetylene, ethane and phosphine. Jupiter's magnetosphere has been a huge package
Around with the Earth's magnetosphere similar to, but charged particles within the magnetosphere the energy of the radiation of the Earth is about one million times. Wood
Stars than the Earth magnetic field strong 20-40 times, suggesting that Jupiter has its own energy. Jupiter has 13 satellites, consider someone
There may be satellites fourteenth. There is a halo of Jupiter and Aurora
㈨ 英語科普類文章
科普 教育 對我國小康社會、和諧社會的建設有著重要的意義。下面是我帶來的英語科普類 文章 ，歡迎閱讀!
英語科普類文章1
聽點小音樂 輕松學分數
Stuck on a tricky math problem? Start clapping. Grade school kids who learned about fractions through a rhythm-and-music-based curriculum outperformed their peers in traditional math classes. The work is inEcational Studies in Mathematics.
被一條數學題難住了?拍拍手試試吧。研究表明，小學生在有節奏感的音樂背景下學習分數知識的效果會好於傳統課堂(具體研究發表在《數學教育研究》上的《學術性音樂：如何用音樂輔助三年級小學生學習基礎分數》一文，作者：蘇珊·科瑞等)。
Fractions let you divide up a measure of music into notes of varying length. For example, one four-beat measure could contain a single whole note held for all four beats, two half notes of two beats apiece, four quarter notes of a beat each, and so on. In the Academic Music program, based on the Kodaly method of musical ecation, students clap, drum and chant to memorize the lengths of musical notes—then solve problems in which fractional notes must add up to a full measure of music.
根據分數的概念，一節音樂可分成長短不一的幾串音符。例如，一節四拍子的調子可包含一個代表四拍子的全音符，兩個各代表一個二拍子的二分音符，四個各代表一個一拍子的四分音符……以此類推。在“學術性音樂”項目中，研究人員以科達伊的音樂教育 方法 為基礎，讓學生通過打拍子、敲鼓、合唱記住各音符的長度，學生必須把這些片段加起來，才能得到一節完整的音樂——如此實踐可解決學生對分數的疑惑。
Sixty-seven students participated in the study. Half did math problems using the Academic Music system. And after six weeks, the students in the music program averaged 50 percent higher on tests than did the kids in regular math class. Fractions create a solid foundation for further math ecation—so mastering them is music to ecators' ears.
有67名學生作為實驗對象參與了本次研究，其中有一半在“學術性音樂”體系下解決數學問題。六周後，他們在測試中的得分要比普通班級中的學生平均高50%。分數是進一步進行數學知識教學的基礎——如此看來，這還多虧了教育者的耳朵。
英語科普類文章3
十萬年前的顏料工作室
Archeologists have discovered a paint proction studio in an ancient South African cave A new archaeological find may signify one of the great leaps in human cultural and cognitive history. Because researchers have discovered a 100,000-year-old art studio. It was known that ochre—rock with red or yellow pigments—was used for paint even that far back in history. But there was scant evidence for how it was prepared and handled. Then, in 2008, researchers uncovered an ochre mixing kit in a South African cave. They found two abalone shells, most likely used for paint mixing and storage. They also found ochre, bone, charcoal, grindstones and hammerstones. The researchers say the ochre was probably rubbed on quartzite slabs to create a fine powder. It was then mixed and heated with other crushed substances, including other stones or mammal-bone. Microscopic striations on the inner abalone surface likely are likely scrape marks left ring paint mixing. The research was published in the journal Science. The paint may have been used for body adornment or for long-gone artwork. And the presence of this paint-proction laboratory indicates that the early humans knew basic chemistry and could plan for the future.
考古學家在南非的一個古老洞穴中發現了一個油漆製作工作室。這個新的考古發現可能是人類 文化 和認知歷史的最偉大的跨越之一。因為研究人員發現的這個工作室產生於十萬年前。眾所周知，擁有紅色或黃色色素的赭石岩一直被廣泛運用於繪畫中，但卻少有證據顯示它是如何製作並運用的。2008年，研究人員 在南非的山洞中發現了赭石混合工具， 兩個可能用於調漆和儲存的鮑魚殼，除此之外他們還發現了赭石，骨頭，炭筆和石錘。研究人員稱，這些赭石很有可能經過在石英岩板上仔細研磨後，得到上等的粉末，然後再與 其他石頭或者是哺乳動物的粉末混合並加熱。用顯微鏡觀察鮑魚殼的內表面，你可以發現一些刮痕，這些都有可能是在混合顏料的過程中留下來的。這個發現已經被刊登在科學期刊上。這些顏料可能一直被運用在人體 彩繪 和長久失傳的藝術品上。而且這些顏料製作工作室的存在表明了早期人類對化學已有了基本的了解並具有了規劃未來的能力。顏料工具的一小步，人類歷史的一大步——辛西亞莫。
英語科普類文章3
你知道發燒的妙處嗎?
Fever can play a variety of roles, such as inhibiting pathogen replication. It also apparently increases the population of killer T cells of the immune system. Christopher Intagliata reports.
發燒有多種不同的作用，如抑制病菌復制。它還可以顯著增加免疫系統中殺傷性T細胞的數量。
I've always thought that when I get a fever, it's my body trying to make things uncomfortable for the invading pathogen. And that's often true—higher temperatures can inhibit the bad guys' ability to replicate. But my fever may actually be a one-two-punch. In addition to slowing down the invader, the heat helps the immune system recruit more troops for a counter-attack. That finding appears in the Journal of Leukocyte Biology.
我很早就知道，發燒的時候，其實是我的身體正在對入侵的病原體做出抵抗。這是事實---高溫可以抑制壞病菌復制的能力。但發燒更是一個組合打擊。除了減緩病原體的入侵，高溫可以幫助免疫系統召集更多的部隊做出抵抗。這一研究發表在《白細胞生物學雜志》。
Researchers warmed up one group of mice to body temperatures of about 103 degrees Fahrenheit. They left another group at normal core temperature—about the same as ours. Then they injected both groups of mice with an antigen, a substance that attracts the attention of the immune system.
研究人員將一組老鼠的體溫升高到103華氏度，另外一組保持正常體溫---大約是人體溫度。然後向這兩組老鼠的體內注射抗原——一種會引起免疫系統反應的物質。
Blood samples taken three days later revealed that the feverish mice had nearly twice as many killer T-cells: the kind of immune cells that can hunt down infected cells or tumor cells, and slaughter them.
三天後，這兩組老鼠的血樣表明，體溫較高老鼠組體內的殺傷性T細胞是正常組的2倍，這種免疫細胞可以追蹤感染細胞或癌細胞，並將其消滅。
So when you're sick and you get the chills, the authors say, your body may be trying to tell you to hop under some blankets. Lie down, warm up and send a message. The heat is on.
所以，當你生病或感到寒冷時，表示你的身體正直向你傳達信息--裹條毯子。躺在床上吧，熱起來，身體自會做出反應。熱度來襲啊。
㈩ 英語科普類文章有哪些
1、To Pull up the Seedlings to Help Them Grow “拔苗助長”
Once upon a time, there was an old farmer who planted a plot of rice. After he planted the seedlings, every day he went to the field to watch the seedlings grow. He saw the young shoots break through the soil and grow taller each day, but still, he thought they were growing too slowly. Eventually he got impatient with the young plants and suddenly he hit upon an idea that one by one, he pulled up the young plants by half an inch. The next early morning, the young man couldn’t wait to check his “achievement”, but he was heart-broken to see all the pulled-up young plants dying.
從前，有個農夫，種了稻苗(seedlings)後，便希望能早早收成。每天他到稻田時，都發覺那些稻苗長得非常慢。他等得很不耐煩。想了又想，他終於想到一個“最佳方法”，他將稻苗全都拔高了幾分。第二天，一早起身，他迫不及待地去稻田看他的“成果”。 哪知，卻看到所有的稻苗都枯萎了。
2、Plugging One’s Ears While Stealing a Bell “掩耳盜鈴”
Once upon a time, there was a man who wanted to steal his neighbor’s doorbell. However, he knew clearly that the bell would ring and catch the other people’s attention as long as he touched the bell. So he thought hard and suddenly hit on a clever “idea”. He plugged his ears with something, thinking that everything would go well when he stole the bell. Unfortunately to his disappointment, the bell still rang loudly and he was caught on the spot as a thief.
從前，有一個人想偷鄰居門上的鈴，但是他知道一碰到鈴，鈴就會響起來，被人發現。他想啊想，終於他想出一個“妙極”，他把自己的耳朵用東西塞起來，就聽不見鈴聲了。但是當他去偷鈴時，鈴聲仍舊響起來，他被別人當場抓住。
3、The Fox and the Crow “狐狸和烏鴉”
One day a crow stood on a branch near his nest and felt very happy with the meat in his mouth. At that time, a fox saw the crow with the meat, so he swallowed and eagerly thought of a plan to get the meat. However, whatever the fox said to the crow, the crow just kept silent. Until the fox thought highly of the crow’s beautiful voice, the crow felt flattered and opened his mouth to sing. As soon as the meat fell down to the ground, the fox took the meat and went into his hole.
有一天,一隻烏鴉站在窩旁的樹枝上嘴裡叼著一片肉，心裡非常高興。這時候，一隻狐狸看見了烏鴉，饞得直流口水，非常想得到那片肉。但是，無論狐狸說什麼，烏鴉就是不理睬狐狸。最後，狐狸贊美烏鴉的嗓音最優美，並要求烏鴉唱幾句讓他欣賞欣賞。烏鴉聽了狐狸贊美的話，得意極了，就唱起歌來。沒想到，肉一掉下來，狐狸就叼起肉，鑽回了洞。