高考英語閱讀理解怎麼樣猜
⑴ 高考英語閱讀理解解題技巧是什麼
提高英語閱讀理解能力,需要平時多加練習,英語閱讀理解每天至少練習一篇。
英語閱讀理解能力簡單的說就是:通過快速的閱讀文章、材料,快速的提取段落、文章的脈絡和重點,促進整理歸納分析,提高做題效率。快速閱讀是一種高效的閱讀方法,其原理在於激活「眼、腦」的潛能,培養和提高閱讀速度、整體感知、歸納理解、注意力集中等方面的能力,對應於閱讀理解方面的幫助很大。快速閱讀的練習可以參考《精英特全腦速讀記憶訓練軟體》。掌握快速閱讀後,可以快速的對文章的關鍵信息進行提取,提高做題效率和准確性,同時可節約大量的時間,做到游刃有餘。
做英語閱讀理解的時候要注意:閱讀時不要逐字逐句的翻譯,也不要一句話反復閱讀,即閱讀時碰到一時不理解的句子就一遍一遍地沉浸在閱讀那個句子當中,反復琢磨。其實完全沒有必要,因為要選對答案並不意味著對原文的每個句子都要讀懂,抓住一些重點句子就夠了,正確的做法是,以理解整個段落和整篇文章為主,在涵蓋出題點的句子上用心捉摸。
⑵ 【考試必備】高中英語閱讀理解解題技巧超強分析!
【 #英語資源# 導語】高中英語在高考總成績中占據150分的分值,很多高中同學都誤認為只要基礎知識掌握牢固就萬事OK了,其實,高中英語的解題更需要一定的技巧,掌握高效的解題技巧能夠事半功倍,輕松應對高考英語難題。 為大家整理了高考英語閱讀理解部分的答題技巧解析,希望能幫助到大家學習。
通過詳細分析歷年高考英語試卷,我們可將閱讀理解分為以下幾種題型:主旨大意題,細節理解題,推理判斷題(含寫作意圖、目的等),詞義猜測題。英語閱讀理解題的技巧與策略是學生提高閱讀理解多需要具備的。
一、 主旨大意題
這類題在設題時常會用到title, subject, main idea, topic, theme等詞。
1.歸納標題題
特點:短小精悍,一般多為一個短語;涵蓋性強,一般能覆蓋全文意思;精確性強,表達范圍要恰當,不能隨意改變語意程度或色彩。常見命題形式有:
What』s the best title for the text?
The best title for this passage is ___.
Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?
2. 概括大意題
包括尋找段落大意(topic)和文章中心思想(main idea),常見命題形式有:
What is the general/main idea of the passage? Which of the following expresses the main idea? What is the subject discussed in the text?
BThe writer of the story wants to tell us that_____. The passage/ text is mainly about_____. What』s the article mainly about ?
解題技巧
閱讀理解文章多是議論文和說明文 ,這兩種文體的結構可歸納為:絕仿悄提出問題——論述問題——得出結論或者闡明觀點。對於這類文章,抓主題句是快速掌握文章大意的主要方法。主題句一般出現在文章的開頭或結尾。主題句具有簡潔性、概括性的特點。主題句在文章中的位置主要有以下幾種情況。
位於段首 :一般而言,以演繹法撰寫的文章,主題句往往在文章的開頭,即先點出主題,然後圍繞這一主題作具體的陳述。判斷第一句是否為主題句,可具體分析段落的首並渣句與第二,三句的關系;如果從第二句就開始大信對第一句進行說明,論述或描述,那第一句就是主題句。有些段落,在主題句後面有明顯引出細節的信號詞,如for example, an example of; first, second, next, last, finally; to begin with, also, besides; one, the other; some, others等。在閱讀中應盡量利用上述信號詞來確定主題句的位置。
位於段尾 :有些文章會在開頭列舉事實, 然後通過論證闡述作者的核心論點。因此,如果第一句話不是概括性的或綜合性的話,快速讀一讀段落的最後一個句子,看看它是否具備主題句的特徵。如果它具備主題句的特徵,段落的主題思想就很容易確定了。一般說來,當一種觀點不易向人解釋清楚或不易被人接受時,主題句便會到段落的末尾才出現。學生可以充分利用引出結論的信號詞。如so,therefore,thus,consequently;in conclusion,in short;in a word, to sum up等來確定主題句的位置在段尾。當無明顯的此類信號時,學生可在段落的最後一句話前面添加一個引出結論的信號詞,以確定其是否是主題句。
位於段中 :有時段落是先介紹背景和細節,接著用一句綜合或概括性的話概括前面所說的內容或事例,然後再圍繞主題展開對有關問題的深入討論。這種文章的主題句往往會在段落中間出現。歸納起來主要有兩種情況:先提出問題,然後給予回答(主題句),最後給予解釋;或者,先提出問題,然後點出主題思想(主題句),最後給予解釋。
首尾呼應 :主題句在段落的開頭和結尾兩個位置上先後出現,形成前呼後應的格局。這兩個主題句敘說的是同一個內容,但用詞不盡相同,這樣不但強調了主題思想,而且顯得靈活多變。這兩個句子並非簡單重復,後一個主題句或對該主題作最後的評述,或對要點作一概括,或使之引申留給讀者去思考。
無明確主題句 :找關鍵詞(出現頻率較高), 歸納總結。
注意
新題型中有一個選項是干擾項,解答此類題時同學易犯以下三種錯誤:
(1)表述過於片面,只涵蓋該段個別細節;
(2)表述太過於籠統,已經超出該段的內容;
(3)表述與段落內容無關,在段落中找不到相關依據
二、細節理解題
考查內容主要涉及時間、地點、人物、事件、原因、結果、數字等議論文中例證細節和定義類細節。這類題目的共同特點是:答案一般都能在文章中找到。當然,答案並不一定是文章中的原句,考生需要根據文章提供的信息自己組織語句回答問題。
1.事實細節題→尋讀法
分為直接理解題和間接理解題,前者常用who, what, which, when, where, why和how提問,或判斷正誤;後者需與原文信息轉換,表達上與原文有差異。常見命題形式有:
What can we learn from the passage?
All the following are mentioned except
Which of the following is mentioned (not mentioned)?
Which of the following statements is true/right/false/wrong about…?
2. 排列順序題→首尾定位法(找出第一個事件和最後一個事件,用排除法縮小范圍)
常出現在記敘文和說明文中,一般按事件發生的順序。常見命題形式有:
Which of the following is the correct order of…? Which of the following shows the path of signals described in Paragraph…?
3. 圖文匹配題→按圖索驥理清線索
設題形式:給出圖表,根據圖表提問問題。
4. 數字計算題→(方法:審題→帶著問題找細節→對比、分析、計算)
可直接找到相關細節,但需經過計算方可找到答案。
三、推理判斷題
主要考查學生對文章中隱含或深層的含意的理解能力。 它要求考生根據文章內容做出合乎邏輯的推斷,包括考生對作者觀點的理解,態度的判斷,對修辭、語氣、隱含意思等的理解。題干關鍵詞:infer(推斷),indicate(象徵,暗示), imply/suggest(暗示), conclude(作出結論), assume(假定,設想).
1.細節推理判斷題
一般可根據短文提供的信息或藉助生活常識進行推理判斷,常見命題形式有:
It can be inferred/ concluded from the text that __________.
The author implies/ suggests that_____.
We may infer that _________.
Which of the following statements is implied but NOT stated?
2.預測推理判斷題
根據語篇對文章接下來的內容或可能的結局進行猜測,常見命題形式有: What do you think will happen if/when…?
At the end of this passage, the writer might continue to write_____
3.推測文章來源或讀者對象
常見命題形式有:
The passage is probably take out of_____
The passage would most likely be found in_____
Where does this text probably come from?
4.寫作意圖、目的、態度推斷題
作者的語氣態度往往不會直接寫在文章里,只能通過細讀文章,從作者的選詞及其修飾手段中體會出來。
詢問寫作目的的題,選項里常出現的詞是: explain(解釋), prove (證明), persuade(勸說), advise(勸告), comment(評論), praise(贊揚), criticize(批評), entertain(娛樂), demonstrate(舉例說明), argue(辯論), tell(講述), analyze(分析)等。
詢問語氣態度的題,選項里常出現的詞是: neutral(中立的), sympathetic(同情的), satisfied(滿意的), friendly(友好的), enthusiastic(熱情的), subjective(主觀的), objective(客觀的), matter-of-fact(實事求是的), pessimistic(悲觀的), optimistic(樂觀的), critical(批評的), doubtful(懷疑的), hostile(敵對的), indifferent(冷淡的), disappointed(失望的)。
常見命題形式有:
The purpose of the text is_____
What is the main purpose of the author writing the text? By mentioning…, the author aims to show that_____
What is the author』s attitude towards…?
What is the author』s opinion on…?
The author』s tone in this passage is _____.
解答技巧
推斷題是考查學生透過文章表面的文字信息進行分析、綜合、歸納等邏輯推理的能力。推理和判斷必須以事實為依據,切莫主觀臆斷。
①那些文章中直接陳述的內容不能選,要選擇根據文章推理出來的選項。
②推理不是憑空猜測,而是立足已知推斷未知;作出正確答案時一定要在文中找到依據或理由。
③要忠實於原文,以文章提供的事實和線索為依據。不能以自己的觀點代替作者的想法;不要脫離原文主觀臆斷。
四、詞義猜測題
考點:
①猜測某個詞、片語、句子的意義
②對文中的多義詞或片語進行定義
③判斷某個代詞的指代的對象。常見命題形式有:
The underlined word/phrase in the second paragraph means _____.
The word 「it/they」 in the last sentence refers to______.
The word 「…」(Line 6. para.2)probably means ______.
The word 「…」(Line 6. para.2)could best be replaced by which of the following?
Which of the following is closest in meaning to the word 「…」 ?
解答技巧
1.通過因果關系猜詞通過因果關系猜詞
首先是找出生詞與上下文之間的邏輯關系,然後才能猜詞。有時文章藉助關聯詞(如because,as,since,for,so,thus,as a result,of course,therefore等等)表示前因後果。
例如:You shouldn't have blamed him for that,for it wasn't his fault. 通過for引出的句子所表示的原因(那不是他的錯),可猜出blame的詞義是"責備"。
2.通過同義詞和反義詞的關系猜詞
通過同義詞猜詞 ,一是要看由and或or連接的同義詞片語,如happy and *,即使我們不認識*這個詞,也可以知道它是愉快的意思;二是看在進一步解釋的過程中使用的同義詞,如Man has known something about the planets Venus,Mars,and Jupiter with the help of spaceships. 此句中的Venus(金星)、Mars(火星)、Jupiter(木星)均為生詞,但只要知道planets就可猜出這幾個詞都屬於"行星"這一義域。
通過反義詞猜詞 ,一是看錶轉折關系的連詞或副詞,如but,while,however等;二是看與not搭配的或表示否定意義的詞語,如:He is so homely,not at all as handsome as his brother.根據not at all...handsome我們不難推測出homely的意思,即不英俊、不漂亮的意思。
3.通過構詞法猜詞
根據前綴、後綴、復合、派生等構詞知識判斷生詞詞義。如:She is unlikely to have stolen the money. ( 「un」含否定意義,故為「不太可能」之意。)
4.通過定義或釋義關系來推測詞義
例如:But sometimes,no rain falls for a long,long time. Then there is a dry period,or drought. 從drought所在句子的上文我們得知很久不下雨,於是便有一段乾旱的時期,即drought,由此可見drought意思為"久旱","旱災"。而a dry period和drought是同義語。這種同義或釋義關系常由is,or,that is,in other words,be called或破折號等來表示。
5.通過句法功能來推測詞義
例如:Bananas,oranges,pineapples,coconuts and some other kind of fruit grow in warm areas.假如pineapples和coconuts是生詞,我們可以從這兩個詞在句中所處的位置來判斷它們大致的意思。從句中不難看出pineapples,coconuts和bananas,oranges是同類關系,同屬fruit類,因此它們是兩樣水果,准確地說,是菠蘿和椰子。
6.通過描述猜詞
描述即作者對該人或該物作出的外在相貌或內在特徵的描寫。例如:The penguin is a kind of sea bird living in the South Pole. It is fat and walks in a funny way. Although it cannot fly,it can swim in the icy water to catch the fish.從例句的描述中可以得知penguin是一種生活在南極的鳥類。後面更詳盡地描述了該鳥類的生活習性。
7. 根據常識猜詞
如:The door was so low that he hit his head on the lintel.(lintel 「過梁」。)
Afraid of waking the baby up, she tiptoed out of the room.(tiptoed 「踮著腳走,躡手躡腳」)
⑶ 高考英語閱讀理解:高考英語閱讀理解九大猜詞技巧
《高考英語閱讀理解九大猜詞技巧》由liuxue86.com我整理。本內容整理時間為05月12日,如有任何問題請聯系我們。 1.利用定義或解察指慶釋(definition or explanation)
Signal words: means, refers to, be called, be known as ,can be defined as, in other words,that is , that is to say, 定語從句…..etc.
舉例:
Pruning is important because it encourages the growth of tender shoots(嫩芽), or young leaves of trees.(B)
The word “pruning” means______
A. Regular cutting(修剪) of the plants
B. Frequent watering
C. Regular use of chemicals
D. Growing the plants high in the mountain
2.利用普通常識和經驗(common sense or experience)
舉例敗握:
1. In fact, only about 80 ocelots, an endangered wild cat, exist in the U.S. today.
“ocelot” means _________________(an endangered wild cat)
2.The period of adolescence, the period between childhood and althood ,may be long or short.
“adolescence” means___________(The period between childhood and althood)
3.利用同義/同位語(similarity/appositive)
Signal words:for example ,for instance,such as ,like,as---as,etc.
舉例:
The largest player – Shanghai Bashi Tourism Car Center offers a wide variety of choices, such as deluxe sedans, minivans, station wagons, coaches. Santana sedans are the big favorite of the tourists. (C)
The words “deluxe sedans,” “minivans” and “station wagons” used in the text refer to ____.
A. cars in the making B. car rental firms C. cars for rent D. car makers
4.利用舉例(from examples)
Signal words: as, like, the same as,unlike, but,however, on the contrary, while,instead…逗搏ect.
舉例:
1. The snow was falling.Big flakes drifted(飄) with the wind like feathers.
2. Unlike her gregarious sister, Jane is a shy person who does not like to go to parties or make new friends.
5.利用比較或對比(comparison or contrast)
(1)Overwork may cause diseases.
over(過分的、過量的)+work=overwork“工作過度”。
(2)There was a dissatisfied look in the manager's eyes.
dis “不” + satisfied“滿意的=dissatisfied “不滿意的”。
6.利用構詞法(Word formation):前綴、後綴、復合、派生等
舉例:
1. Is he intelligent or stupid?
2. Most women in Ghana--- the ecated and illiterate, the urban and rural, the young and old--- work to earn an income in addition to maintaining their roles as housewives and mothers. Their reputation for economic independence, self-reliance, and hard work is well known and well deserved.(C)
The underlined word “illiterate” in the passage means ____.
A. Repeated B. reiterated. C unecated D. sick
7.利用同義詞或反義詞(Synonym or Antonym)
舉例:
Signal words:because,since ,so, such…that,so…that, ect
I feel that since you are my superior(上司), it would be presumptuous of me to tell you what to do .”(B)
The word “presumptuous” is closest in meaning to “____” .
A.full of respect B. rude and too confident
C.lacking in experience D.too shy and quiet
8.利用原因與結果關系猜詞(from Cause and Result)
The official asked the man what his occupation was. The man told him that he worked as an engineer.(A)
A. work B. study C. name D. interest
9.利用上下文的語境(context or related information)
更多練習:
1. A good teacher works in quite a different way. His audience take an active part in his play: they ask and answer questions, they obey orders, and if they don’t understand something, they say so.
The word “audience” in the paragraph means ____.
A. students
B. people who watch a play
C. people who act on the stage
D. people who listen to something
答案:A
解題關鍵:常識 teacher-----students
2. When some kind of pain killer(止痛葯) was brought out recently, researchers found that the colours turned the customers off because they made the proct look weak and ineffective(無效的).
The underlined part “the colours turned the customers off” means that the colours_______
Attracted the customers strongly
Had weak effects on the customers
Tricked the customers into shopping
Caused the customers to lose interest
答案:D
解題關鍵:因果關系 because
3. Collins decided that she must go, although the hazards of the trip were many, for example, the unbearable heat , the possibility of getting lost , the presence of wild animals and poisonous snakes .
“hazard” means ___________________
A. pleasure, B. problem, C. danger, D. attraction
答案:C
解題關鍵:舉例for example
4. In a culture which values only the winner and pays no attention to the ordinary players, they strongly blame competition. Among the most vocal are youngsters who have suffered under competitive pressures from their parents or society
The underlined phrase “the most vocal” means______
A. Those who try their best to win
B. Those who value competition most highly
C.Those who are against competition most strongly
D. Those who rely on others most for success
答案:C
解題關鍵:上下文語境 context or related information
5.Without examinations, employers will look for employees from the highly respected schools and from families known to them-a form of favoritism will replace equality.
The word “favoritism" is used to describe the phenomenon that ________.
A. bright children also need certificates to get satisfying jobs
B. children from well-respected schools tend to have good jobs
C. poor children with certificates are favored in job markets
D. children attending ordinary schools achieve great success
答案:B
解題關鍵:破折號(定義或同位語)
6. Grown-ups also have a sense of object permanence. That is to say, if we put a box in a room and lock the door, the box will still be there when we come back.
“Object permanence” means that when out of sight, an object ______
A. Still exists B. keeps its shape
C. Still stays solid D. is beyond reach
答案:A
解題關鍵:
1.定義:definition that is to say也就是說
2.構詞法:permanent—permanence
7. A child's birthday party doesn't have to be a hassle; instead, it can be a basket of fun, according to Beth Anaclerio, an Evaston mother of two, ages 4 and 18 months.
What does the underlined word "hassle“ probably mean?
A. a party designed by specialists
B. a plan requiring careful thought
C. a situation causing difficulty or trouble
D. a demand made by guests
答案:C
解題關鍵:比較comparison(instead—相反,反而)
8. William Shakespeare said. “The web of our life is of a mingled yarn(紗線),good and ill together.”
The underlined word “mingled” most probably means? ? .
A.simple????B.mixed????C.sad???D.happy
答案:B
解題關鍵:definition or explanation 定義或解釋猜測詞義
9. The house looked quite normal outside, but inside it was very exotic with fascinating objects on display. As he began putting them into his bag, a god came into the room. It stopped when it saw Buster, then wagged its tail madly and went over to him, licking his outstretched hand. “Good boy,” Buster whispered. “What a great guard dog you are --- trying to lick me to death.”
Which of the definitions is closest in meaning to the word “exotic” ?
A Messy and untidy.
B. Rich and expensive.
C. Comfortable and calming
D. Unusual and foreign.
答案:D
解題關鍵:對比contrast,normal—but---unusual
10. Lions are opportunists. They prefer to eat without having to do too much work. When resting in the shade, they are also watching the sky to see what is flying by, and even in the heat of the day they will suddenly start up and run a mile across the plains to find out what is going on. If another animal has made a kill, they will drive it off and take the kill for themselves.
By describing lions as “opportunists”, the author means to say that lions ____.
A. are cruel animals
B. are clever animals
C. Like to take advantage of(利用) other animals
D. Like to take every chance to eat
答案:C
解題關鍵:構詞法及下文解釋opportunity---ist
⑷ 高考英語閱讀理解的猜詞題之短語類
學生做英語閱讀時往往很怕遇到生詞。但遇到生詞又是很普遍的,第一是有些文章的主題就是介紹新事物,而這個新事物是學生未曾接觸過的,自然感到陌生;第二是學生平時掌握的基本是熟詞熟義,而有些文章涉及到了熟詞生義;第三是學生在背高考范圍內的3500詞時掌握不夠扎實。
生詞如此普遍,高考英語也有對應的猜詞題。那麼,就要考慮如何通過各種技巧來攻克猜詞題,甚至把這些猜詞技巧推廣到其它生詞。
猜詞題可以劃分為兩大類,實詞和虛詞。實詞包含幾個小類,分別是單詞、短語、句子(短句為主)。虛詞通常為代詞。
本文主要介紹短語類。
如下:
What does the underlined phrase「tug at the heartstrings」in paragraph 2 mean ?
A. Encourage team work .
B. Appeal to feeling.
C. Promote good deeds.
D. Provide advice.
題干問的是第2段中tug at the heartstrings這個短語的含義。對應原文第2段
I guess that there's probably some demanding work schele, or social anxiety around stepping up to help for an unknown sport. She may just need a little persuading. So I try again and tug at the heartstrings. I mention the single parent with four kids running the show and I talk about the dad coaching a team that his kids aren』t even on … At this point the unwilling parent speaks up,「Alright. Yes, I』ll do it.」
由原文可知作者試圖去勸說一位女性家長。「她可能僅需要一點勸說,所以我又試了一下,並tug at the hearstrings。」後文提到作者的話術是講了其他家長的案例,這更多屬於訴諸情感。因此選項B比較符合。
如果考生仍覺得不是很有把握,也可以考慮用反向推導。這段話是作者給一位家長講其他家長的案例,並不涉及A選項的鼓勵團隊合作,也不涉及C選項的促進善行,也不涉及D選項的提供建議。
考生亦可以通過字面含義來推導。hearstrings字面義是心靈繩索。這也是偏向於感性,與B選項更為
如下:
What do the underlined words "taking on" in paragraph 4 mean?
A. learning from
B. looking down on
C. working with
D. competing against
題干問的是第4段的taking on的含義。原文第4段如下:
"China is impossible to overlook," says Hill. "Chinese models are the faces of beauty and fashion campaigns that sell dreams to women all over the world, which means Chinese women are not just consumers of fashion — they are central to its movement. "Of course, only are today's top Western designers being influenced by China-some of the best designers of contemporary fashion are themselves Chinese." Vera Wang, Alexander Wang, Jason Wu are taking on Galiano, Albaz, Marc Jacobs-and beating them hands down in design and sales," adds Hil.
原文提到中國女性對世界時尚潮流的影響力。原文出現了beating them hands down in design and sales說明是前者打敗了後者,因此這是在描述時尚競爭,D選項competing against符合文意。
如下:
What does the underlined phrase 「the water catcher」 in paragraph 2 refer to?
A. The tube.
B. The still.
C. The hole.
D. The cup.
題干問的是第2段的the water catcher的含義。原文第1、2段如下:
A build-it-yourself solar still(蒸餾器) is one of the best ways to obtain drinking water in areas where the liquid is not readily available. Developed by two doctors in the U.S. Department of Agriculture, it』s an excellent water collector. Unfortunately, you must carry the necessary equipment with you, since it』s all but impossible to find natural substitutes. The only components required, though, are a 5' 5' sheet of clear or slightly milky plastic, six feet of plastic tube, and a container— perhaps just a drinking cup — to catch the water. These pieces can be folded into a neat little pack and fastened on your belt.
To construct a working still, use a sharp stick or rock to dig a hole four feet across and three feet deep. Try to make the hole in a damp area to increase the water catcher』s proctivity. Place your cup in the deepest part of the hole. Then lay the tube in place so that one end rests all the way in the cup and the rest of the line runs up — and out — the side of the hole.
原文講的是一種自助式蒸餾器的製作,這種蒸餾器能夠在乾旱缺少地區集水。因此water catcher其實指的就是這種能「捕捉水」的集水器,即這個蒸餾器,因此B選項符合。
大家可以在留言區寫下答案哦!
2016年普通高等學校招生全國統一考試3卷C篇第10題如下:
What does the underlined phrase 「a pipe dream」 in Paragraph 3 mean?
A. A practical idea.
B. A vain hope.
C. A brilliant plan.
D. A selfish desire.
原文第3段如下:
There are also varieties developed to suit specific local conditions. One of the very best varieties for eating quality is Orleans Reinette, but you'll need a warm, sheltered place with perfect soil to grow it, so it's a pipe dream for most apple lovers who fall for it.
⑸ 高考英語閱讀理解答題技巧
導語:2017年高考的日子馬上就要到了,我希望大家明白的是,無論最終的結果如何,我們都不應該放棄任何一天可以用來學習的時間,其次,要在短暫的時間裡面,有意識地提高自己的學習效率,在節奏上必須加快了,同時在心理上也要適度的緊張起來,但不是要求大家每天都是神經緊綳的狀態,畢竟距離高考還有一個月的時間,我們還是要慢慢調整狀態,爭取在高考的兩天充分釋放自己的活力。英語閱讀理解是個老大難問題,應該怎麼答題呢?
2017高考英語閱讀理解答題技巧
一、命題原則
1.閱讀總量不少於2000個單詞,篇數為4—5篇,設題20道,要求在40分鍾左右完成。完全符合《考試大綱》和新課程標准對高三學生閱讀速度的要求。
2.題材廣泛,包括日常生活、傳記、人物、社會與文化、史地、科技、政治、經濟等內容。體裁多樣,包括記敘文、說明文、議論文、應用文等。
3.語篇及所涉及問題難易適中。詞彙絕大部分源自《考試大綱》規定的范圍內,生詞的出現率一般為3%左右,通常不用過長的句式、生僻的語法或過於隱晦的表達。
二、測試要求
1.掌握所讀材料的主旨大意,以及說明材料主旨大意的事實和細節。
2.既能理解具體的事實,也能理解抽象的概念。
3.既能理解字面的意思,也能理解深層次的含義,包括對該話題的態度、寫作意圖、寫作特點等。
4.既能理解某段、某句的含義,也能理解全篇的邏輯關系,並能據此進行符合邏輯的推理判斷。
5.既能根據所提供的信息去理解,也能結合中學生應有的常識、如地理、歷史、文化知識去理解。
三、考查形式
1.理解文中具體信息的能力。此類試題主要考查學生捕捉和再現文章中所提供的信息的能力,分直接事實題和間接事實題。
2.做出簡單判斷和推理的能力。文章中作者有時並未把意圖說出來,要求學生根據字面的意思,通過語篇的邏輯關系,研究細節的暗示、推敲作者的態度、理解文章的深層含義。
3.根據上下文推測生詞詞義的能力。此類題型通過同義轉換考查學生對短文中一些關鍵詞(包括生詞和替代詞)、短語或句子的理解。
4.理解主旨要義的能力。主要考查學生把握全文主題和理解中心思想的能力,也包括分析歸納文章的段落大意、重要情節的能力。
5.理解文章的基本結構的能力。有些文章沒有明確說明,但要求學生根據語篇,對事件可能出現的結局或下文可能涉及的內容進行推理或預測。
四、解題技巧
根據以上對高考英語閱讀理解的測試要求、考查形式的分析,使考生明確了任務,那麼接下來就是如何有效完成的問題,這需要考生掌握一定的解題技巧。一般來說,多閱讀是關鍵。如果考生平時練就了較好的閱讀能力,知識面比較廣泛,那麼,在考生做題時就會得心應手。同時,掌握正確的解題技巧,更是事倍功半。下面就具體談談英語高考閱讀理解題的解題技巧。
1.對原文材料迅速瀏覽,掌握全文的主旨大意。
2.細讀題材,各個擊破。掌握全文的大意之後,細細閱讀每篇材料後的問題,弄清每題要求後,帶著問題,再回到原文中去尋找、捕獲有關信息,做到有的放矢。
3.抓住文章的首段與末段及段落的首句和末句。文章的首段與末段、段落的首句和末句,一般表達文章的主題和段落中心思想。因此,首先要搜索目標,找出文章及段落中的主題句。了解了它們的含義,就可以順著所提供的主要線索去捕捉文章的相關信息,從而獲得解決問題的答案。
4.進行合理推斷。對文章有了詳細而全面的理解之後,就要按照文章內容、上下文的邏輯關系,做出推理判斷。閱讀理解涉及詞彙、語法、句型、段落結構、文化背景等各方面知識。答題時,領會句子之間的`邏輯關系,特別是相鄰句子之間的關系,有利於理解全文。
5.猜測推敲生詞。閱讀短文時,常常會遇到一些生詞。這時,考生要沉著冷靜,細心思考。首先要把整段、整篇文章看完。通過對全篇短文的理解,就很有可能猜測出生詞的大意。另外,還可以從含有生詞句子的上下文,以及句子和段落之間的關系來判斷、理解生詞以求獲得其真正含義。猜測生詞的另一種方法是,根據構詞法推測。遇到生詞後,可從構詞法角度分析判斷生詞。
6.學會數據推算。此類試題要求學生就文章提供的數據,以及數據與文中其他信息的關系做簡單的計算和推斷。在做此類題時:(1)要抓住並正確理解與數據有關的信息含義。(2)弄清眾多信息中哪些屬於有用信息,哪些屬於干擾信息。(3)不要孤立看待數字信息,而要抓住一些關鍵用語的意義。
7.利用常識解題。多了解一些常識性知識有利於閱讀理解。如果對文章的相關背景有所了解,讀起文章來一定既省時又省力。因此,在學習過程中,了解各方面的背景知識是十分重要的。
在做閱讀理解題時,一定要仔細看完,看清楚試題要求再作答,特別要注意not,except等詞。有時,要先看題,後閱讀文章,帶著問題去讀短文,可縮短閱讀時間,效果也許會更好。
總之,閱讀理解是高考英語試題中最重要的一項內容,佔有舉足輕重的地位,如果學生按上述方法去解題,再做些適當的練習,一定會在閱讀理解上取得比較理想的成績。
⑹ 高考英語閱讀理解九大猜詞技巧
高考英語閱讀理解九大猜詞技巧
馬上就要高考了,我整理了一些比較有針對性的高考英語復習技巧資料給大家參考,希望可以幫助同學們提高自身綜合英語能力,戰勝高考。
高考英語閱讀理解九大猜詞技巧
一、利用定義或解釋(definition or explanation)
Signal words: means, refers to, be called, beknown as ,can be defined as, in other words,that is, that is to say, 定語從句…..etc.
舉例:
Pruning is important because it encourages thegrowth of tender shoots(嫩芽), or young leaves oftrees.(B)
The word "pruning" means______
A. Regular cutting(修剪) of the plants
B. Frequent watering
C. Regular use of chemicals
D. Growing the plants high in the mountain
二、利用普通常識和經驗(common sense or experience)
舉例:
1. In fact, only about 80 ocelots, an endangered wild cat, exist in the U.S. today.
"ocelot" means _________________(an endangered wild cat)
2.The period of adolescence, the period between childhood and althood ,may be long orshort.
"adolescence" means___________(The period between childhood and althood)
三、利用同義/同位語(similarity/appositive)
Signal words:for example ,for instance,such as ,like,as---as,etc.
舉例:
The largest player – Shanghai Bashi Tourism Car Center offers a wide variety of choices,such as deluxe sedans, minivans, station wagons, coaches. Santana sedans are the big favoriteof the tourists. (C)
The words "deluxe sedans," "minivans" and "station wagons" used in the text refer to ____.
A. cars in the making B. car rental firms C. cars for rent D. car makers
四、利用舉例(from examples)
Signal words: as, like, the same as,unlike,but,however, on the contrary, while,instead…ect.
舉例:
1. The snow was falling.Big flakes drifted(飄)with the wind like feathers.
2. Unlike her gregarious sister, Jane is a shyperson who does not like to go to parties or makenew friends.
五、利用比較或對比(comparison or contrast)
(1)Overwork may cause diseases.
over(過分的、過量的)+work=overwork“工作過度”。
(2)There was a dissatisfied look in the manager's eyes.
dis “不” + satisfied“滿意的=dissatisfied “不滿意的”。
六、利用構詞法(Word formation):前綴、後綴、復合、派生等
舉例:
1. Is he intelligent or stupid?
2. Most women in Ghana--- the ecated and illiterate, the urban and rural, the youngand old--- work to earn an income in addition to maintaining their roles as housewives andmothers. Their reputation for economic independence, self-reliance, and hard work is wellknown and well deserved.(C)
The underlined word "illiterate" in the passage means ____.
A. Repeated B. reiterated. C. unecated D. sick
七、利用同義詞或反義詞(Synonym or Antonym)
舉例:
Signal words:because,since ,so, such......that,so......that, ect
I feel that since you are my superior(上司), it would be presumptuous of me to tell youwhat to do .(B)
The word "presumptuous" is closest in meaning to "____" .
A.full of respect B. rude and too confident
C.lacking in experience D.too shy and quiet
八、利用原因與結果關系猜詞(from Cause and Result)
The official asked the man what his occupation was. The man told him that he worked asan engineer.(A)
A. work B. study C. name D. interest
九、利用上下文的`語境(context or related information)
更多練習:
1. A good teacher works in quite a different way.His audience take an active part in his play: they askand answer questions, they obey orders, and if theydon't understand something, they say so.
The word "audience" in the paragraph means____.
A. students
B. people who watch a play
C. people who act on the stage
D. people who listen to something
答案:A
解題關鍵:常識 teacher-----students
2. When some kind of pain killer(止痛葯) was brought out recently, researchers found thatthe colours turned the customers off because they made the proct look weak andineffective(無效的).
⑺ 如何做好英語閱讀理解詞義猜測題
猜測詞義題
在閱讀中我們經常會遇到許多生詞。這時許多同學立即翻閱詞典,查找詞義。這樣做不但費時費力,而且影響閱讀速度、影響對語篇的整體把握。事實上,閱讀材料中的每個詞與它前後的詞語或句子甚至段落都有聯系。我們可以利用語境(各種已知信息)推測、判斷某些生詞的詞義。近年來全國統一高考中加大了對考生猜詞義能力的考查,因此,掌握一定的猜詞技巧,對突破高考閱讀理解、提高我們的英語語言能力都有非常重要的意義。
常見的題干有:
1) Which of the following is the closest in meaning to the word?
2) The word... could best be replaced by.
3) In the... paragraph, the word... means (refers to).
4) According to the passage,... probably means.
5) The author uses the word... to mean.
猜測詞義時,一般可利用以下四個方面的線索:
一是針對性的解釋
針對性解釋是作者為了更好的表達思想,在文章中對一些重要的概念、難懂的術語或高深的詞彙等所做的通俗化的解釋。這些解釋提供的信息明確具體,所使用的語言通俗易懂,利用它們來猜測詞義就非常簡單。
1.根據定義(definition)猜測詞義
如果生詞有一個句子(定語從句或是同位語<同位語前常有 that="" is="" to="" in="" other="" or="" i.g.="">或是同位語從句)或段落來定義,或使用破折號,冒號,分號後的內容和引號括弧中的內容加以解釋和定義,那麼理解這個句子或段落本身就是推斷詞義。定義常用的謂語動詞多為:be, mean, deal with, be considered, to be, be called, define, represent, refer to, signify 等。
例1.Do you know what a territory is ? A territory is an area that an animal ,usually the male, claims(聲稱)as its own.(2005年湖北卷)
[分析]由定義可推知,這里territory指的是:動物的地盤。
例2.In fact, only about 80 ocelots, an endangered wild cat, exist in the U.S. today.(2005年浙江卷)
[分析]由同位語an endangered wild cat我們很快猜出生詞ocelots的義域:一種瀕臨滅絕野貓。
例3. Here is The Pines ,whose cook has developed a special way of mixing foreign food such as caribou ,wild boar ,and reindeer with surprising sauces . (2004年福建卷)
According to the passage ,The Pines is a .
A.place in which you can see many mobile homes
B.mountain where you can get a good view of the valley
C.town which happens to be near the Banff National Park
D.restaurant where you can ask for some special kinds of food
[分析]通過whose引導的定語從句,我們可以推測到:The Pines 是一家餐館的名字,由此不難推出理解題的答案為:D。
2.根據舉例猜測詞義
恰當的舉例能夠提供猜測生詞的重要線索。
例4. The course gives you chances to know great power polities between nation states. It will provide more space to study particular issues such as relationship among countries in the European Union, third world debt, local and international disagreement, and the work of such international bodies as the United Nations, the European Union, NATO, and the World Bank.(2004年遼寧卷)
[分析]根據such as 後面列舉的一系列例子,我們應該能推斷出句中的issue 是指議題。
二是內在邏輯關系
根據內在邏輯關系推測詞義是指應用語言知識分析和判斷相關信息之間存在的邏輯關系,然後根據邏輯聯系推斷生詞詞義或大致義域。
1.根據對比、比較關系猜測詞義
在一個句子或段落中,有對兩個事物或現象進行對比性的描述,我們可以根據生詞的反義詞猜測其詞義。表示對比關系的詞彙和短語主要有:unlike, not, but, however, despite, in spite of, in contrast 等。表示對比關系的句子結構:while 引導的並列句。同對比關系相反,比較關系表示意義上的相似關系。表示比較關系的詞和短語主要有:similarly, like, just as, also, as well as 等。
例5.A childs birthday party doesnt have to be a hassle; it can be a basket of fun.
What does the underlined word hassle (paragraph 1) probably mean? (2002年NMET)
A.a party designed by specialists B.a plan requiring careful thought
C.a situation causing difficulty or trouble D.a demand made by guests
[分析]根據對比關系,這里hassle 和 a basket of fun 是相反的意義,很容易判斷理解題的答案為C。
例6.Green loves to talk, and his brothers are similarly loquacious.
該句中副詞similarly表明短語loves to talk和loquacious 之間的比較關系,其意義相近。由此我們可推斷出loquacious的意思是健談的。
2.根據因果關系猜測詞義
在句子或段落中,若兩個事物現象之間構成因果關系,我們可以根據這種邏輯關系推測生詞詞義。
例7.feel that since you are my superior , it would be presumptuous of me to tell you what to do .
(2005年上海卷)
The word presumptuous in the middle of the passage is closest in meaning to .
A.full of respect B.too confident and rude C.lacking in experience D.too shy and quiet
[分析]根據since 引導的原因狀語從句的內容(既然你是我的上司),我們可以推斷這里presumptuous的意思是:冒失的,放肆的意思,後半句的意思是:我告訴你怎麼做會是一種放肆/冒失的行為。對應的理解題答案為:B。
例8.Pruning is important because it encourages the growth of tender shoots,or young leaves.(2005年江西卷)
根據原因狀語從句的內容,我們可以判斷Pruning的意思是:修剪(樹枝等)的意思。
3.根據說明、並列、同等同義近義、、反義等關系猜測詞義
在句子或段落中,我們可以利用熟悉的詞語,根據語言環境所表面的關系猜測詞義。
例9.William Shakespeare said. The web of our life is of a mingled yarn(紗線),good and ill together. (2005年江蘇卷)
The underlined word mingled in the last paragraph most probably means .
A.simple B.mixed C.sad D.happy
[分析]句中good and ill together 更具體地說明了a mingled yarn的意義,據此我們不難推測mingled的意思是:混合的,交織的。
例10.Is it possible to beat high blood pressure without drugs ? The answer is yes, according to the researchers at Johns Hopkins and three other medical centers. (2004年湖北卷)
[分析]根據and three other medical centers 這種並列關系,我們很容易推斷出:Johns Hopkins是一家醫療中心。
例11.There is no reason to insult and defame the man simply because you do not agree with him.
[分析]根據與insult侮辱的同等關系猜測defame為詆毀 ,中傷或誹謗
例12.The game Americans call soccer is known around the world as football.
[分析]運用與football的同義關系推斷為足球。
例13.The house stood at the end of a quiet neat street. The little dwelling,however,looked neglected and cheerless.
[分析]運用與The house近義關系可以推斷dwelling與住所有關
例14.Most women in China ---ecated and illiterated, urban and rural, the young and old-----work to earn an income in addition to maintaining their roles as housewives and mothers.
[分析]後面的urban and rural, the young and old之間都有反義關系,運用這個關系可以推斷illiterated為未接受過教育的,即文盲
三是通過構詞法
在猜測詞義過程中,我們還可以依靠構詞法方面的知識,從生詞本身猜測詞義。
1.根據前綴猜測詞義
例15.Do you have any strong opinion on co-ecational or single-sex schools?
根據詞根ecational (教育的),結合前綴co-(共同,一起),我們便可以猜出co-ecational的意思是:男女同校教育的意思。(2005年江西卷)
2.根據後綴猜測詞義
例16. It's a quiet, comfortable hotel overlooking (俯瞰) the bay in an uncommercialized Cornish fishing village on England's most southerly point.(2005年廣東卷)
後綴 -ise/ize意思是使成為;使化,結合詞根commercial(商業的),不難猜出 uncommercialized 的意思是:未被商業化的。
3.根據復合詞的各部分猜測詞義
例17.Good tool design is important in the prevention of overuse injuries. Well – designed tools and equipment will require less force to operate them and prevent awkward(別扭的)hand positions.(2005年北京卷)
Well-designed 或許是個生詞,但我們分析該詞的結構後,就能推測出其含義。它由well (好,優秀)和design (設計)兩部分組成,合在一起便是設計精巧的意思。
例18. We live in a technological society where most goods are mass-proced by unskilled labor. Because of this, most people that craft (手藝) no longer exists. (2004年浙江卷)
根據合成詞中的mass (大量的)和proce (生產),我們可以推測 mass-proce的意思是:大批量生產;規模生產的意思。
4.猜測詞性變換新詞含義
例19.The other teams, disappointed, were on the bus heading home. (2004年山東卷)
head本為名詞,表頭。由the bus和home的語境邏輯可以推斷,該句head為動詞,表方向,結合全句可譯為開往、駛向。
例20.I had first known she was wrong, that her anxiety had clouded her judgment. (2004全國卷Ⅱ)
cloud本為名詞,表雲。分析語境邏輯可知,憂慮會影響一個人的判斷,因此該句clouded應譯為使難以。
⑻ 高考英語閱讀理解解題訣竅
高考英語閱讀常見的文體類型有:記敘文、議論文、說明文和應用文。下面是我給大家整理的高考英語閱讀理解解題訣竅,供大家參閱!
高考英語閱讀理解解題訣竅:英語閱讀文體類型簡析
[1]、記敘文。
英語記敘文以描寫敘述為主,主要描寫人物、事件、地點、或過程。特點是,其主題往往潛伏在字里行間,沒有直接地表白出來;文章主旨要透過體察所揭示的人物、事件來進行提煉。描寫手法大多按時間跨度、空間順序、上下順序來展開。閱讀記敘文體應採取略讀和掃讀的方法,快速抓住文中描寫的主要內容,從整體上去把握文章的連貫性,進而大體上揣測出作者的寫作意圖及情感主線。高考閱讀就記敘文設題大多以細節理解為主。
[2]、議論文。
英語議論文通常為三段式,即“論點、論據、結論”三部份組成。首先藉助某一現象引出論點,然後通過一定論據從各個層面上加以推理論證,最後得出結論。議論文體主要考查學生對論點及論據的把握。因此,遇到議論文體時,應採取抓主題句的方法來把握文章主旨,弄清作者的觀點。一般來說,作者的論點通常在文章首段被引出,接著是對這一論點的邏輯推理和論證,最後為結論。還應注意的是:在對
論點論證的過程中,每一段的首句都是該段的主題句。把握全文論點、弄清論證各段的主題句、理解文章層次、找出中心論點的位置是理解議論文的關鍵。
就議論文而言,其論證的常見結構方式有:
1,總分式 總---分;分----總;總----分---總;
2,並列式 幾個論據之間屬於平等關系;
3,遞進式 幾個論據之間屬於遞進關系;
4,對照式 把兩種事物加以對比,以彰顯其中一種。
[3]、說明文。
英語說明文的總體結構通常為三部份,說明對象、說明過程和歸納總結。常見的說明方法:
1,定義與詮釋說明;
2,舉例與引用說明;
3,分類與圖表說明;
4,比較與比喻說明;
5,分析與綜合說明;
就高考英語說明文的閱讀而言,首先要抓住文章說明的要點,也就是要抓住被說明對象的實質性特徵;弄清作者從哪個角度、哪個層面開始說明;並明白文章最後的說明結論。高考說明文閱讀材料通常介紹最新科技、重大成就、生活時尚、流行現象等。了解說明文的寫作手法、說明方法,理清短文結構及段落中心思想是答題關鍵。
[4]、應用文。
英語應用文屬於實用型文體,如書信、通知、日記、廣告等。應用文閱讀要注意文中具體細節的把握與理解,弄清作者所傳達的實際信息及表達的具體內容。閱讀時採取速讀與精讀相結合的方法,力求快速精確地查出試題所設置的關鍵內容。
高考英語閱讀理解解題訣竅:英語閱讀理解答題技巧
高考閱讀理解常見的設題形式有:詞義猜測題、主旨大意題、細節理解題、推理題和推斷題。題型不同,答題技巧也就有差異。下面就不同題型的答題技巧作一點簡分析。
1、詞義猜測技巧。
這種題型要求對文章中的劃線生詞進行詞義猜測。這類題型不僅要求具備一定構詞法,而且也要求對上下文具有比較全面的理解。做詞意猜測時,應注意劃線生詞後面的定語從句、同位語從句。定語從句、同位語從句通常用來解釋生詞的詞意。另外,還要應注意生詞後的標點符號,如逗號、破折號、引號、括弧都可用於提示詞意。有時,詞意隱藏在全文或某一段中,這就需要把握文段的意境來加以透知該詞的含義。
Eg:2013廣州一模閱讀A篇 To argue that zoos imprison animals is to misunderstand what zoos are about. Without zoos many of the creatures we love and admire would no longer exist. Every single day,over one hundred animal species
species will become extinct.
27.The underlined word “vanish” in Paragraph 2 most probably means _____.
A. remain
2、抓主旨大意的技巧。
一般來說,議論文的主旨大意要麼在首段,要麼在尾段。文章主旨位於首段時,其後的段落通常是演繹論證的過程;在段尾時,其前的段落通常是在擺事實、講道理,最後歸納出全文主旨。說明文的主旨也通常位於首段;記敘文的主旨有的位於開首段(如新聞報道、時事經緯等文章的主旨均置於開場白的位置,達到開門見山、直奔主題的效果),但大多數記敘文的主旨隱藏在文章之中,需理清文章脈絡,挖掘文章內涵,把握作者意圖。
Eg:2013廣州一模閱讀A篇
Zoos divide opinion:there are those who think it is cruel to keep animals locked up while others believe zoos are essential for the survival of endangered species 29. According to the passage some people do not agree with zoos because they _____. B. disappear C. become rarer D. get killed
A. are too expensive to run B. put animals in danger
C. do not provide enough food D. keep animals locked up
3、推斷題型答題技巧。
推理是在既有信息的基礎上得出合乎文章內容的內涵意義,即某一問題、某一觀點沒有直接表述,而寓意在文章的字里行間,要求通過文中信息分析推出某種符合作者思想、符合文章邏輯的內涵意義。推斷則是指通過對文章進行符合邏輯的綜合分析,推出文章未直接陳述的言外之意。推斷題推斷得正確與否,很大程度上取決於是否能正確把握作者潛隱在字里行間的語氣及觀點。
Eg:2013廣州一模閱讀A篇 To argue that zoos imprison animals is to misunderstand what zoos are about. Without zoos many of the creatures we love and admire would no longer exist. Every single day,over one hundred animal species vanish. Scientists predict that as early as 2050 one quarter of the Earth’s species will become extinct.
26. What’s the writer’s attitude towards zoos?
A. He shows no opinion either for or against them.
B. He thinks that they are unnecessary and cruel.
C. He believes they play an important environmental role.
D. He expresses a desire that more of them be built.
4、細節題型的答題技巧。
細節題型的解答通常是藉助對文中的具體信息的查尋來解決。答題時要採取略讀、掃讀、析讀和精讀的辦法從文中找出問題答案。細節題型多問及時間、地點、人物、數量和特徵等。
Eg:2013廣州一模閱讀A篇
Some animals are in danger because they are hunted. Alarmingly, the population of tigers has already fallen by ninety-five percent. Other species are in danger because of a lack of food. For example, there are fewer than 1300 giant pandas left in the wild.
28.According to the passage the world’s tiger population _____.
A. will rise by 5% next year B. is relatively stable
C/ is 95% smaller than in the past D. has fallen to 95%
⑼ 高考英語閱讀理解解題技巧 有哪些方法
高考閱讀的基本解題思路:第一,掃描提干,劃關鍵項。第二, 通讀全文,抓住中心。做英語閱讀的時候一定要讀清題目。高考閱讀時不要急於去選擇,看清題目說的是什麼,問的是什麼。同時也要進行對照閱讀,將題目的問題與文章相應的部分進行對照閱讀,能夠幫助我們快速的尋找出答案所在。
英語閱讀理解解題技巧
1、細節題型:抓住提問中的關鍵字眼,仔細閱讀相關細節的材料內容,一般可以在短文中直接找到或稍加歸納就可以找到正確答案。
2、主旨大意題型:仔細研讀短文的前兩句,一般是短文的主題句,或輔以閱讀各段段落中心句。此方法多適用於說明文、議論文。
3、推理判斷題型:推斷題是考查學生透過文章表面的文字信息進行分析、綜合、歸納等邏輯推理的能力。不僅要弄懂文章的字面意思,更重要的是要知道文章的潛在涵義。
4、詞義猜測題:利用構詞法猜詞和語境及邏輯關系猜詞。有時完全可以利用上下文語境和前後句之間的並列、因果、轉折、對比、解釋定義和舉例等關系來猜測詞義。
高考英語閱讀理解解題思路
一.通讀全文,抓兩個重點:
①首段(中心句、核心概念常在第一段,常在首段出題);
②其他各段的段首和段尾句。(其他部分略讀,有重點的讀)
二.抓住中心,用一分半時間思考3個問題:
①文章敘述的主要內容是什麼?
②文章中有無提到核心概念?
③作者的大致態度是什麼?
三.仔細審題,返回原文。 (仔細看題干,把每道題和原文的某處建立聯系,掛起鉤)
定位原則:
①通常是由題干出發,使用尋找關鍵詞定位原則。(關鍵詞:大寫字母、地名、時間、數字等)
②自然段定位原則。出題的順序與行文的順序是基本一致的,一般每段對應一題。
要樹立定位意識,每一題、每一選項都要回到原文中某一處定位。
四.重疊選項,得出答案。 (重疊原文=對照原文)
1.通過題干返回原文:判斷四個選項,抓住選項中的關鍵詞,把選項定位到原文的某處比較,重疊選項,選出答案。
2.作題練習要求:要有選一個答案的理由和其餘三個不選的理由