英语阅读五大逻辑关系

㈠ 英语句子中几种逻辑关系

（1）主谓关系

（2）动宾关系

（3）主补关系

（4）宾补关系

（1）并列关系

（2）选择关系

（3）转折关系

（4）原因关系

㈡ 英语逻辑语义关系有哪几种

句子结构在英语知识运用中主要体现在句子间的逻辑关系上，考生需要熟知各种常见的逻辑关系词。这些逻辑关系主要体现在一些连词、副词以及某些介词词组上。具体可以分为以下几类：

表示转折/让步关系：but, however, nevertheless, whereas, although, despite, in spite of, still

表示比较或对比关系：similarly, in the same way, likewise, whereas, in contrast to, rather than

表示因果关系：because, since, now that, on account of, e to, on the ground of, accordingly, consequently, therefore, thus, hence

表示并列关系：and, or

表示举例与例证关系：for example, for instance, specially, such as, as follows

表示强调关系：in fact, in particular, particularly, above all, undoubtedly, certainly

表示顺承关系：in addition, furthermore, besides, likewise

此外，逻辑关系不仅可以成为直接的考查对象，而且还可以利用这些逻辑关系寻找其他题目的解题线索。

㈢ 英语阅读理解逻辑关系怎么破

要想提高阅读理解的考试得分，平时英语单词的记忆是首要任务，因为在考试内中，阅读理解的文容章里有很多但此时我们平时不常用的，但是仔细看看就会发现这些单词大部分都是单词的变形，比如different变为difference，等等。再有就是要把你自己想的答案在文章中画出来，事实证明很有效哦~·~·~·~·~·~提高完形填空也不难，我的建议是，在提笔作答之前，先通读文章一遍，理清大概思路，再作答就比较轻松，而且正确率会大大提高。切记：英语考试时间足够，做题一定要细致~就不怕不得分！！！

㈣ 能列举些英语中表示逻辑关系的词汇吗

英语关联词 —并列连词 1
并列连词 在句子中不做成分,仅表示前后关系.
1.用于连接彼此互补依存的对等的成分.
1)连接语词:slow but safe/ either this
week or next week
2)连接分句:I went and she also.
2.可分别表示下列关系.
1)转折:but, yet, however, neverthe-
less
2) 因果:so, for, therefore
3) 选择:or, either…or, neither…nor
英语关联词 —并列连接词 2
4)并列和递进:and,both…and, as well as
not only…but (also)
英语关联词 —关联词
关联词 用于引导从句.
1.名词从句: He doesn't know what she is.
2.副词从句:If he comes, I'll give it
to you.
3.形容词从句:He's the best student I've
ever taught.
英语关联词 —连接词 1
关联词的类别及所表示的关系 要特别注意关联词在从句中(及某些连接词在短语中)所担当的成分,这是正确使用关连词的关键.
1.连接词:引导名词从句,在从句中不做成分.
1) that(无含义):
I said that he was wrong.
2) whether(if)(表示不确定性或选择关系):
I don't know whether it is correct.
英语关联词 —连接词 2

2.连接代词
1)引导名词从句,在从句中做主语,宾语,表语和
定语.
A. who/which 作主语(口语who中可做宾语,
但其前面不可有与其配合使用的介词):
I asked him who came into the
room./ I asked him who(m) he saw
whom/which 做宾语:
Ask him which he wants.
英语关联词 —关联词 3
C. whose 做宾语(=whose thing(s)) /定
语:
I wonder whose house that is.
D. what 做上面提及的各种成分:
I don't know what I should do.
What can be done
2)与不定式连用,在其中多做主语和宾语.
We can't decide whom to invite.
We must decide what to do.
I couldn't decide which to choose.
英语关联词 —关联词 4
3.连接副词 引导名词从句或与不定式连用,在从句
中做状语.
1) how: That's how I look at it.
2) where: I don't know where he lives.
3) when: Tell me when to use the tool.
4) why: I'll tell you why you have to
do it.
英语关联词 —关系词 1
4.关系代词
1) who 表示人,在从句中做主语和表语(口语
who中可做宾语,但其前面不可有与其配合使用
的介词):
The man who spoke is my teacher.
I don't know who he is.
The man who I saw told me that.
2) whom 表示人,在从句中做宾语和表语:
The man whom I saw told me that.
英语关联词 —关系词 2
3) whose 表示"某人/物的",of which表示
"某物的", 在从句中做定语:
That's the man whose son is my
pupil.
The room whose window faces south
is her bedroom.
The room of which the window faces
south is her bedroom.
英语关联词 —关系词 3
4) which 表示物,在从句中做主语和表语:
I like the picture which was taken
in front of the main building.
5) that 表示人/物,在从句中做主语和宾语; 注
意下列关于that作为关系代词的用法.
A.现行词前有最高级形容词修饰时:
This is the best film that I've
ever seen.
英语关联词 —关系词 4
B.先行词是下列词语或为其所修饰修饰时:
the first, the last, the only, the
same, the very, all, any, no,
every.
This is the last chance that you
have.
You are the only friend that I
have.
He told me all that he knew.
英语关联词 —关系词 5
C. 先行词是下列不定代词或为其所修饰修饰时:
much, little, none, everything/body,
nothing, nobody.
There's nothing in the world that
can frighten him.
D. 以Who/Which开始的句子,其后的定语从句中
的关系代词不使用who/which,而代之以that.
Who that knows him would trust him
Which of these buses is the one
that goes to London
英语关联词 —关系词 6
E.人和事物/动物同为先行词时:
The man and the horse that fell
into the river were drowned.
6) 关系代词做介词宾语.
A.一般介词可放在whom/which的前面或其所
在的从句的句尾,关系代词为that时,只可
放在其所在的从句的句尾.
Is this the car for which you
paid a high price
英语关联词 —关系词 7
Is this the car which you paid
a high price for
Is this the car that you paid a
high price for
Is this the car you paid a high
price for
B.介词ring, except以及表示(从整体中)
"分割"(出部分)的介词of等介词要放在关
系代词的前面:
英语关联词 —关系词 8
The years ring which he was away
were long years to her.
He wrote many books, some of which
C.其介词与动词不可分割的短语动词中的介词必
须放在其动词之后,不可放在关系代词之前:
This is the book which he has been
looking for.
7)关系代词的省略.
A.关系代词作宾语时:
The girl I work with is coming.
英语关联词 —关系词 9
B.that在定语从句中做表语时:
He is not the man that he was
when I saw him first.
He is not the man he was when I
saw him first.
5.关系副词 在定语从句中均做状语.
1)where 地点:
That's one point where I'd like
your advice.
英语关联词 —关系词 10
2) when 时间:
At the time when I saw him, he was
ill.
3) why 原因:
That is the reason why I came so
early.
4) that 方式/时间/原因
I like the way that /in which he
did it.
英语关联词 —关系词 11
That was the first time (that) I saw
him.
The reason why/that he was dismissed
is not easy to explain.
5)in which/at which = where
This is the school in which/at which/
where he works.
6)for which = why
I don't the reason for which he left.
英语关联词 —关系词 12
7)on which = when
The day on which she was born was 22
September, 1988.

㈤ 考研英语完型填空有哪些逻辑关系题

逻辑关系题是完型填空的重要考查点，且容易得分，故成为完型的重要得分点。完型中主要考察的五大逻辑关系为：对立关系、因果关系、并列关系、总分关系和递进关系。
一、对立关系
包括让步和转折关系，常见的标志词和短语有：but, however, yet, on the contrary, by contrast, unfortunately, although, even though, nevertheless, in spite of, regardless of, anyhow, instead of, rather than, not…but等。
如2000年完型第41题：
He must store a large quantity of grain ___ consuming all his grain immediately.
[A]other than [B]as well as [C]instead of[D]more than
答案：C
解析：此处考查的是逻辑关系，需要根据空前和空后来判断。空前“储存了大量粮食”与空后“消耗所有粮食”形成对立关系，选C instead of。
二、因果关系
常用的标志词和短语有：because, for, since, as, thus, hence, therefore, so, so…that, such…that, in order that, consequently, accordingly, e to, thanks to, in response to, on account of, because of, considering that, seeing that, in that, now that, lest, as a result, for this reason等。
如2004年完型第34题：
More families consist of one parent households or two working parents, ___, children are likely to have less supervision at home.
[A]contrarily [B]consequently[C]similarly [D]simultaneously
答案：B
解析：此处考查的是逻辑关系，需要根据空前和空后来判断。空前“更多的家庭是单亲家庭或双工家庭”与空后“孩子在家很少受到监管”之间是因果关系，故所B consequently。
三、并列关系
常用的标志词和短语有：and, or, neither…nor, either…or, not only…but also, likewise, similarly, equally, in the same way, that is to say, as well as, same…as等。
如2004年完型第25题：
Theories focusing on the role of society suggest that children commit crimes in response to their failure to rise above their socioeconomic status, ___ as a rejection of middle-class values.
[A]or[B]but rather [C]but [D]or else
答案：A
解析：此处考查的是逻辑关系，需要根据空前和空后来判断。空前“没有成功提升社会经济地位”与空后“排斥中产阶级的价值观”都可能是“犯罪”的原因，故空前和空后之间是并列关系，选A or。
四、总分关系
常用的标志词和短语有：such as, for example, for instance, to illustrate, as an illustration, to take an example, more specifically等。
如2001年完型第31题：
The government is to ban payments to witnesses by newspapers seeking to buy up people involved in prominent cases ___ the trial of Rosemary West.
[A]as to [B]for instance [C]in particular [D]such as
答案：D
解析：此处考查的是逻辑关系，需要根据空前和空后来判断。空前“prominent cases”与空后“the trial of Rosemary West”是包含的关系，总体与部分的关系，可以选for instance和such as，但for instance后面不能直接加名词，such as后要直接加名词，故选D such as。
五、递进关系
常用的标志词和短语有：then, besides, additionally, in addition, furthermore, moreover, what is more等。
如1994年完型第46题：
Too often, careless use of words prevents a meeting of the minds of the speaker and listener. The words used by the speaker may stir up unfavorable reactions in the listener which interfere with his comprehension; hence, the transmission-reception system breaks down.
___, inaccurate or indefinite words may make it difficult for the listener to understand the message which is being transmitted to him.
[A]Moreover[B]However [C]Preliminarily [D]Unexpectedly
答案：A
解析：此处考查的是逻辑关系，需要根据空前和空后来判断。此空位于段首，需要考虑本段与上一段的逻辑关系，上一段提到“careless use of words”给交谈带来的障碍，空后则提到“inaccurate or indefinite words”理解信息造成的困难。前后是递进关系，故选择A moreover。
掌握了逻辑关系这一个法宝，完型得分就不再是问题。

㈥ 英语阅读里的推理题遵循的是什么样的逻辑

逻辑推理解题技巧 逻辑推理题主要考查的是应试者的逻辑推理能力。这种题型是在每道题中给出一段陈述，而这段陈述被假设是正确的，不容置疑的。请应试者根据这段陈述从备选答案中选出一个能够从陈述中直接推出的结论。 逻辑推理题涉及自然和社会生活的各个领域，强调对逻辑关系的正确把握，考察应试者对各种信息的理解、分析、综合、判断、推理等思维能力，题目虽有一定的难度，但考生应注意的是，这部分并不专门考察逻辑学及各个领域的专门知识，其面对所有考生，坚持“一视同仁”原则，考查的只是考生的一种基本的逻辑思维能力。聚考网根据历年考试经验总结出了解答逻辑推理题的五个原则，希望考生对提高逻辑推理题解题技巧有帮助。 1. 问题先于题干原则。 先看问题再读题干陈述，逻辑判断题根据题目中问法的不同可以分成几大类，因此，阅读题干前先看问题，根据问题判断属于哪一类题型，再带着问题阅读题干陈述部分可以很快理清思路，找出正确答案。 2. 紧扣题干答题原则。 题目陈述部分是整个题目的精髓所在，应坚持紧扣题干答题原则，不可随意加入个人的主观臆断。因为逻辑判断题其前提与结论之间有着必然的联系，结论决不能超出前提所规定的范围。因此，应试者在答题的时候，必须严格按照题目给出的陈述假设来进行推理，不能因觉得给出的陈述假设不太合乎常理，或与自己已有的知识、经验有偏差而忽视题目中所陈述的事实，并随意掺入个人的看法和观点，这样的话很容易选错答案。 3. 题干前提为主原则。 当试题的备选项具有很强的迷惑性，每个选项看起来都有道理，令应试者很难做答时，应试者应坚持“题干前提为主”的原则，选项看起来有道理并不等于与题目给出的前提陈述直接相关，正确的选项应该从前提陈述直接推出，当某个选项的论述是正确的，但不能从短文陈述中直接推导出来时，应排除这个选项。 4. 化繁为简原则。 在遇到比较复杂的判断推理题的时候，可以把需要推理的内容借助符号、图形、表格等形式直观化，可以帮助应试者快速、准确进行选择。例如：做三段论题型时用画圈的方法（即欧拉图）；做关系推理题时可以画表格等。 5. 巧用方法原则。 要根据题目的特点，充分利用解答选择题常用的方法——排除法、代入法。因为利用这两种方法很多时候都无须让推理进行到底，很多情况下在推理的过程中就已经排除掉了三项，这样在帮助考生选择出正确答案的同时也节省了很多时间。另外，当逻辑判断涉及数学问题时，思路要拓宽，要敢于借用数学方法（例如：计算法）来解题，不要认为逻辑判断题就不能用数学方法来解题。

㈦ 英语中最常见的逻辑关系有哪些

托福阅读当中考查长难句的题型是句子简化题和句子插入题目，托福阅读考试一篇只有20分钟的时间。在这20分钟当中要完成14道题目，对于语法基础并不是很好的学生，会花费非常多的时间。对于这样的题目，如果学会迅速抓住句子之间内在的逻辑关系也是会非常快的做对题目，那下面我们就来总结一下，托福阅读当中常见的逻辑关系都有哪些?
1. 否定
明显： no, not, none, neither, never, deny
隐含： fail to, absence from, lack of, refuse to, little, few
否定前缀： a-, ab-, anti-, counter-, de-, dis-, il-, im-, in-, ir-, mal-, mis-, non-, un-…
否定后缀： -less, free-, proof-
2. 并列
and/or, like, likewise, equally, the same as, same/similar to, in the same way
both…and…, neither…nor… as well as, not only…but also…/vice versa
3. 因果
明显：because, since, for, as, e to, owing to, in that, so…that…, therefore, thus,
hence.
隐含：导致：in as much as, cause, lead to, stimulate, spur, spark, push, motive,
prompt, be responsible to
由于： derive from, result from, come from, originate from, initiate from
on account of, in view of, according to, rely on, depend on
4. 条件
明显： if, unless, as long as, in case that/of
隐含： suppose/supposing that, providing/provided that, on condition that，
except when=unless
5. 比较
明显： 比较级，最高级+than
隐含： 最高意义：maximum, favorite, outstanding, top
6. 转折
明显：but, yet, however, though, although, even if, even though, while, whereas,
nevertheless, despite, in spite of, instead, in contrast, contrast to
on the contrary, different from, differ from, conversely
隐含： for all;倒装+as;even+时间(even when)但不重要
超隐含： 时间，空间，事物对比

㈧ 英语阅读五大特征(高校内部版)

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㈨ 考研英语新题型逻辑关系词有哪些

逻辑关系题在考研英语完型中，每年必考，考查题目数为2至8道，弄清句子之间逻辑关系的意义不仅在做对逻辑关系题，对全文理解及逻辑关系外的其它所有选项都具有指导意义。以下为完型十大逻辑关系及标志词，希望对考研考生具有一定参考意义。
并列关系：
标志词：and; and also; or; neither nor; either or; not only…but (also)…; in the same way; that is to say; similarly; likewise; equally; as well as， same…as;
递进关系：
标志词：also; then; besides; in addition; additionally; furthermore; what is more; moreover; indeed; apart from;above all
因果关系：
标志词：because; for; since; as; therefore; consequently; hence; so; thus; so…that; such… that; in order that; accordingly(因此;于是;相应地); e to; thanks to; as a result; in that(= because); now that(既然); because of; considering that， seeing that; in response to; for this reason;
Eg. Now that you are grown up， you should not rely on your parents.
转折关系：
标志词：but; however; on the contrary; contrarily; by contrast; in contrast; conversely; instead of ; rather than; unlike， on the other hand; unfortunately;
让步关系：
标志词： although; though; even though; even; even if; nevertheless; despite; in spite of; while; as;
Eg. While he loves his students， he is very strict with them.
King as he was， he was not happy / Child as he is， he knows a lot.
Hard though/as he tried， he failed.
列举关系
标志词 first\second\last of all; in the first place\in the second place\finally; to begin with\ to continue; first…then; on one hand…on the other hand; for one thing…for another; one…another; some…others…still others;
对比关系
标志词while; whereas ; as; instead of; rather than; not…but;
时间关系
标志词when; whenever， before; after; since; as; while; until; till; simultaneously; meanwhile; in the meantime， at the same time;
条件关系
标志词if; only if; if only; unless， otherwise; as soon as; as long as; providing that; provided that; on condition that; when; whenever; with;
举例关系
标志词such as， for example， for instance， of (these， those， them); among (these， those， them)， to illustrate， as an illustration， to take an example， more specifically speaking， namely
总结：句子间的逻辑关系不仅在完型中及其重要，在阅读、写作中亦具重大意义。考生在复习真题时，应有意识地留意分析句子的逻辑词，了解英语文章行文逻辑，进而总结英语文章的总体结构特征。每 天 分 享 考 研 英 语 咨 讯 wei xin hao xiner2975