英语阅读考察范围
『壹』 英语高考阅读理解题都考查哪些题型
一、观点态度题
二、词义推断题
三、主旨大意题
四、具体细节题
五、文章结构题
六、判断推理题
『贰』 英语阅读题分别考察学是什么阅读技能
o sift out the bad procts;
『叁』 英语阅读理解究竟考什么
阅读理解命题原理分析(上) 李云标1 阅读能力 阅读能力可以分为高层能力和低层能力两部分(刘润清等,2000)。 高层能力主要包括:(1)掌握所读材料的主旨和大意;(2)了解阐述主旨的事实和细节;(3)根据上下文判断某些词汇和短语的意义;(4)理解上下文的逻辑关系;(5)所读材料进行一定的判断、推论;(6)领会作者的观点、意图和态度。 低层能力指对更具体的语言能力的掌握,包括:(1)理解各种语法,如原因、结果、目的、比较等;(2)理解主从句的句法结构;(3)理解句段的标志;(4)理解词汇和/或语法的连续关系;(5)理解词汇的意义。 可以看出,低层能力是保证阅读理解得以顺利进行的基础,不具备这些低层能力,也就无阅读理解可言。阅读理解测试中,人们一般把测试的着眼点放在高层能力的测量上。2 理解能力 阅读的主要目的,是测试学生的理解能力。设计的试题不仅覆盖的范围要涉及文章的各个部分,更要注意把握理解能力的层次性。这个理解能力不单单指学生对文章字面意思的理解,而应包括三个层次的能力:即字面性的(literal),理解性的(interpretive)和批判性的(critical)能力(Akmar Mohamad,转引自,李向民,2000)。(1)字面性的理解能力(literal comprehension)是对一篇文章的表面意思的理解能力。在设计这部分试题时,只需让学生找出文章中明白直观地表现出的信息和观点即可。对词汇的考察,也可包含在此类范围之内。一个人对单词在上下文中的意义的掌握会影响其对字面意思或者文中阐明的观点的理解。(2)理解性的能力(interpretive comprehension)是指学生应能透过文章的表象,看到作者所要表达的意义实质。学生应学会对作者的观点加以归纳、整理和分析,并看出作者未表达出的观点,从而加深对文章的理解。当然,要做到这一点,学生首先要正确理解文章的字面意思。这部分试题的设计应包含以下内容:分析作者的写作目的,文章所要表达的观点,给文章做总结等。(3)批判性的能力(critical comprehension) 是学生对文章所涉及的信息和观点做出自己的评价。批判性的能力只有在学生完全弄懂作者所表达的观点和提供的信息的基础上才能作出。这部分的命题形式一般为:让学生找出事实与观点的不同之处,预测文章的发展趋势,指出文中并未明确说明的作者的倾向性,评价文中给出的信息的作用等。3 考查要点 刘庆思(2002)认为,所谓阅读理解能力即是指对一文章的整体和局部信息的理解和掌握情况。整体指的是义章的主旨要义、作者的态度、意图等,局部则是指分散于文中的特定信息。具体来说,高考英语试卷中阅读理解部分的考查内容细分为以下几项内容或称语言微技能:(1)理解主旨要义 任何一篇文章都会有一个主旨要义,有时从文章的第一个段落,甚至第一个句子即可得出文章的主旨要义。从这一段或这个句子读者会知道文章描述的是谁或什么(即文章的主题),亦会了解作者希望读者了解主题方面的哪些内容。有时,文章的主旨要义则需从文章的字里行间进行推断。这类试题主要考查考生略读文章、领会大意的能力,有时它对考生的归纳、概括能力有一定的要求。(2)理解文中具体信息 一篇文章的主题和中心思想确定后,还需要有大量细节信息的支持。这些细节对于理解全文内容至关重要,同时也是归纳和概括文章中心思想的基础,因而不容忽视。命题人员往往会要求考生根据不同的要求阅读文章以获得某些特定的信息或准确地寻求所需的细节。这类试题有时比较直接,理解字面意思即可答题;有时则较为间接,需要进行归纳、概括和推理。
『肆』 英语完型填空和阅读理解是要考察什么
完形填空主要考察学生的逻辑推力能和基本的语法运用能力,开始做完形时要花一分钟回通览全文,弄清文答章大意.第二步才是仔细推理,在遇到空时应尽量不只是看ABCD选项,而应该仔细阅读空前一句及空后一句,或是整段.因为完型总会在下文提示本空.建议你对固定搭配的短语进行熟记,一些同意或是近意词则作对比记忆.阅读,最重要的是读问题,只有弄清题目要什么,你才能有目的的读文章.所以阅读首先要通览问题,接着带着问题找答案.学会对问题进行定位,这样可以提高准确性与效率.但阅读更重要的是平时的训练每天至少要做三至五篇阅读理解.英语如何做高中英语完形填空与阅读理解准确性高
『伍』 考研英语阅读题考查这几个方面
文都比邻为您解答抄,
首先考查的是词袭汇量,这是英语阅读的基础,看不懂词就看不懂文。
其次考查语法,光有单词还不能读懂文章,毕竟文章是由句子构成的,所以我们需要掌握语法,先读懂句子,再读懂段落,最后是全文。
然后是提取全文大意,中心论点的能力。考研英语阅读不像中高中英语只对文中的句子进行考查,它往往考的是全文的观点,这就要求我们有概括总结能力。
最后是审题能力,也就是正确理解题目的要求,文读懂了但题理解错了也不能得分。
『陆』 初中英语阅四篇阅读分别考察的什么内容
First Flight
Mr. Johnson had never been up in an aerophane before and he had read a lot about air accidents, so one day when a friend offered to take him for a ride in his own small phane, Mr. Johnson was very worried about accepting. Finally, however, his friend persuaded him that it was very safe, and Mr. Johnson boarded the plane.
His friend started the engine and began to taxi onto the runway of the airport. Mr. Johnson had heard that the most dangerous part of a flight were the take-off and the landing, so he was extremely frightened and closed his eyes.
After a minute or two he opened them again, looked out of the window of the plane, and said to his friend, "Look at those people down there. They look as small as ants, don't they?"
"Those are ants," answered his friend. "We're still on the ground."
第一次坐飞机
约翰逊先生从前未乘过飞机,他读过许多关于飞行事故的报道。所以,有一天一位朋友邀请他乘自己的小飞机飞行时,约翰逊先生非常担心,不敢接受。不过,由于朋友不断保证说飞行是很安全的,约翰逊先生终于被说服了,登上了飞机。
他的朋友启动引擎开始在机场跑道上滑行。约翰逊先生听说飞行中最危险的是起飞与降落,所以他吓得紧闭双眼。
过了一两分钟,他睁开双眼朝窗外望去,接着对朋友说道:“看下面那些人,他们看起来就象蚂蚁一样小,是不是?”
“那些就是蚂蚁,”他的朋友答道,“我们还在地面上。”
A Nail Or A Fly?
An old gentleman whose eyesight was failing came to stay in a hotel room with a bottle of wine in each hand. On the wall there was a fly which he took for a nail. So the moment he hung them on, the bottles fell broken and the wine spilt all over the floor. When a waitress discovered what had happened, she showed deep sympathy for him and decided to do him a favour.
So the next morning when he was out taking a walk in the roof garden, she hammered a nail exactly where the fly had stayed.
Now the old man entered his room. The smell of the spilt wine reminded him of the accident. When he looked up at the wall, he found the fly was there again! He walked to it carefully adn slapped it with all his strength. On hearing a loud cry, the kind-hearted waitress rushed in. To her great surprise, the poor old man was there sitting on the floor, his teeth clenched and his right hand bleeding!
钉子还是苍蝇?
一位视力正在衰退的老绅士住进了一家旅馆的客房。他双手各拿一瓶酒。在墙上有只苍蝇,他误以为是枚钉子。他把两只瓶子朝上一挂,瓶子掉下来摔碎了,酒洒了一地。一个女服务员发现发生的事情以后,对他深表同情,决定帮他个忙。
于是,第二天早上他到楼顶花园散步时,她把一枚钉子钉在了苍蝇停过的地方。
这里,老人回到了房里。倒洒的酒味让他想起了那件事。他抬头往墙上一看,苍蝇又停在了那儿!他轻手轻脚地走近,使尽全力拍了一掌。听到一声大叫,好心的女服务员冲进房来。让她大为吃惊的是,可怜的老头正坐在地板上,牙关紧咬,右手滴血不止。
Chaude and Cold
A patron in Montreal cafe turned on a tap in the washroom and got scalded. "This is an outrage," he complained. "The faucet marked C gave me boiling water."
"But, Monsieur, C stands for chaude - French for hot. You should know that if you live in Montreal."
"Wait a minute," roared the patron. "The other tap is also marked C."
"Of course," said the manager, "It stands for cold. After all, Montreal is a bilingual city."
热与冷
蒙特利尔自助餐厅的一位顾客拧开盥洗室的龙头,结果被水烫伤了。“这太可恶了,”他抱怨道,“标着C的龙头流出的是开水。”
“可是,先生,C代表Chaude-法语里代表‘热’。如果您居住在蒙特利尔的话就得知道这一点。”
“等等,”那位顾客咆哮一声,“另外一个龙头同样标的是C。”
“当然,”经理说道:“它代表冷。毕竟,蒙特利尔是个双语城市。”
Imitate Birds
A man tried to get a job in a stage show. "What can you do?" asked the procer.
"Imitate birds," the man said.
"Are you kidding?" answered the procer, "People like that are a dime a dozen."
"Well, I guess that's that." said the actor, as he spread his arms and flew out the window.
模仿鸟儿
一个人想在一个舞台剧中找份工作。“你能干什么呢?”负责人问。
“模仿鸟儿,”那人说。
“你在开玩笑吧?”负责人答道,“那样的人一毛钱可以找一打。”
“噢,那就算了。”那名演员说着,展开翅膀,飞出了窗口。
How Did You Ever Get Here
One winter morning, an employee explained why he had shown up for work 45 minutes late. "It was so slippery out that for every step I took ahead, I slipped back two."
The boss eyed him suspiciously. "Oh, yeah? Then how did you ever get here?"
"I finally gave up," he said, "and started for home."
你是怎样来的?
一个冬天的早晨,一名雇员解释他为什么迟到了四十五分钟才起来上班。“外面太滑了,我每向前迈一步,就要向后退两步。”
老板狐疑地看着他。“噢,是吗?那你是怎样到这里来的?”
“后来我决定放弃,”他说,“然后我就往家里走。”
Keep the Change
Selling secondhand books at our church bazaar, I got into an argument with a prospective customer. He was interested in buying The Pocket Book of Ogden Nash but claimed it was overpriced at 35 cents. Other paperbacks were selling for ten or 15 cents each.
I pointed out that the book was in good condition. Nash was a fun poet, and it was for a good cause. He said it was a matter of principle. Ultimately, I agreed to sell him the book for 15 cents. Triumphant, he paid with a $10 bill. "Keep the change," he said.
零钱不用找了
在教堂的义卖市上卖旧书时,我与一名准备买东西的顾客发生了一场争论。他对购买袖珍奥金.纳什集颇感兴趣,但是说它要三十五美分开价过高。其它的平装书每本才卖十或十五美分。
我指出这本书保存状况颇好,纳什是个有趣的诗人,这个要价是合理的。他说这是个原则问题。最终,我同意以十五美分的价格将这本书卖给他。他得意洋洋,拿出一张十美元的票子付帐。“零钱不用找了。”他说。
Midway Tactics
Three competing store owners rented adjoining shops in a mall. Observers waited for mayhem to ensue.
The retailer on the right put up huge signs saying, "Gigantic Sale!" and "Super Bargains!"
The store on the left raised bigger signs proclaiming, "Prices Slashed!" and "Fantastic Discounts!"
The owner in the middle then prepared a large sign that simply stated, "ENTRANCE".
中间战术
三个互相争生意的商店老板在一条林荫道上租用了毗邻的店铺。旁观者等着瞧好戏。
右边的零售商挂起了巨大的招牌,上书:“大减价!”“特便宜!”
左边的商店挂出了更大的招牌,声称:“大砍价!”“大折扣!”
中间的商人随后准备了一个大招牌,上面只简单地写着:“入口处”。
Best Reward
A naval officer fell overboard. He was rescued by a deck hand. The officer asked how he could reward him.
"The best way, sir," said the deck hand, "is to say nothing about it. If the other fellows knew I'd pulled you out, they'd chuck me in."
最好的奖赏
一名海军军官从甲板上掉入海中。他被一名甲板水手救起。这位军官问如何都能酬谢他。
“最好的办法,长官,”这名水手说,“是别声张这事。如果其他人知道我救了您,他们会把我扔下去的。”
A Mistake
An Amercian, a Scot and a Canadian were killed in a car accident. They arrived at the gates of heaven, where a flustered St. Peterexplained that there had been a mistake. "Give me $500 each," he said, "and I'll return you to earth as if the whole thing never happened."
"Done!" said the American. Instantly, he found himself standing unhurt near the scene.
"Where are the others?" asked a medic.
"Last I knew," said the American, "the Scot was huggling price, and the Canadian was arguing that his government should pay."
搞错了
一位美国人,一位英格兰人和一位加拿大人在一场车祸中丧生。他们到达天堂的门口。在那里,醉醺醺的圣彼德解释说是搞错了。“每人给我五百美元,”他说,“我将把你们送回人间,就象什么都没有发生过一样。”
“成交!”美国人说。立刻,他发现自己毫不损伤地站在现场附近。
“其他人在哪儿?”一名医生问道。
“我离开之前,”那名美国人说,“我看见英格兰人正在砍价,而那名加拿大人正在分辩说应该由他的政府来出这笔钱。”
Imitation
A schoolboy went home with a pain in his stomach. "Well, sit down and eat your tea," said his mother. "Your stomach's hurting because it's empty. It'll be all right when you've got something in it."
Shortly afterwards Dad come in from the office, complaining of a headache.
"That's because it's empty," said his bright son. "You'd be all right if you had something in it."
模 仿
一个男孩放学回家时,觉得肚子痛。“来,坐下,吃点点心,”妈妈说,“你肚子痛是因为肚子是空的。吃点东西就会好的。”
一会儿,男孩的爸爸下班回家了,说是头痛。
“你头痛是因为你的脑袋是空的,”他那聪明的儿子说,“里面装点东西,就会好的。”
Bedtime Prayers
Julie was saying her bedtime prayers. "Please God," she said, "make Naples the capital of Italy. Make Naples the capital of Italy."
Her mother interrupted and said. "Julie, why do you want God to make Naples the capital of Italy?"
And Julie replyed, "Because that's what I put in my geography exam!"
睡前祷告词
朱莉叶在做睡前祷告。“上帝,求求你,”她说,“让那不勒斯成为意大利的首都吧。”
妈妈打断她的话说:“朱莉叶,为什么求上帝让那不勒斯成为意大利的首都呢?”
朱莉叶回答道:“因为我在地理考卷上是这样写的。”
A Fine Match
One day a lady saw a mouse running across her kitchen floor. She was very afraid of mouse, so she ran out of the house, got into a bus and went to the shops. There she bought a mousetrap. The shopkeeper said to her, "Put some cheese in it and you will soon catch that mouse."
The lady went home with her mousetrap, but when she looked in her cupboard, she could not find any cheese in it. She did not want to go back to the shop, because it was very late, so she cut a picture of some cheese out of a magazine and put that in the trap.
Surprisingly, the picture of the cheese was quite successful! When the lady came down to the kitchen the next morning she found a picture of a mouse in the trap beside the picture of the cheese!
势均力敌
有一天某位女士看到一只老鼠在自家的厨房地板上窜过。她很害怕老鼠,所以她冲出屋子,搭上了公共汽车直奔商店。在那儿,她买了一只老鼠夹。店主告诉她:“放点奶酪在里面,很快你就会逮住那只老鼠的。”
这位女士带着鼠夹回到家里,但她没有在碗橱里找到奶酪。她不想再回到商店里去,因为已经很晚了。于是,她就从一份杂志中剪下一幅奶酪的图片放进了夹子。
令人称奇的是,这画有奶酪的图片竟然奏效了!第二天早上,这位女士下楼到厨房时,发现鼠夹里奶酪图片旁有一张画有老鼠的图片!
Class and Ass
Professor Laurie of Glasgow put his notice on his door: "Professor Laurie will not meet his classes today."
A student, after reading the notice, rubbed out the "c".
Later Professor Laurie came along, and entering into the spirit of the joke, rubbed out the "l".
班和笨驴
格拉斯哥的劳里教授在门上贴了这样一个通知:“劳里教授今天不见他的班级。”
一个学生读了通知后,擦掉了字母“c”(lass:姑娘)。
后来劳里教授来了,也想开开玩笑,他擦掉了字母“l”(ass:笨驴)。
『柒』 谈谈中考英语阅读重点考察学生哪些方面的能力
中考英语应该养成平时简单英语阅读为了达到行之有效地阅读,你需要找一些内与你目前英语水平相容适应的阅读材料。如果你阅读我们平时所见的英语新闻或英语杂志,你可能会撞见难度大的词汇,于是马上泄气。大可不必以极快的速度读某篇文章。没有人在追你。你完全可以按自己的节奏去阅读。
你没有必要理解每一个单词,只需要抓住总体意思。读完一篇文章后,可以告诉别人你对这篇文章的看法。每个人都有自己认为自然的阅读节奏。有的人或许读得快,但有一点必须记住:如果你不能理解你读的内容,那么快速是毫无意义的。l
洛基 英语 都培养学员以自己认为合理理解的速度阅读英语文章。
『捌』 考研英语都考查哪些内容
1.语言知识的考查——语法知识
英语一:考生应能熟练地运用基本的语法知识。
大纲没有专门列出对语法知识的具体要求,其目的是鼓励考生用听、说、读、写的实践代替单纯的语法知识学习,以求考生在交际中更准确、自如地运用语法知识。
英语二:考生应能熟练的运用基本的语法知识,其中包括:
⑴名词、代词的数和格的构成及其用法;
⑵动词时态、语态的构成及其用法;
⑶形容词与副词的比较级和最高级的构成及其用法;
⑷常用连接词的词义及其用法;
⑸非谓语动词(不定式、动名词、分词)的构成及其用法;
⑹虚拟语气的构成及其用法;
⑺各类从句(定语从句、主语从句、表语从句等)及强调句型的构成及其用法;
⑻倒装句、插入语的构成及其用法
2.语言知识的考查——词汇
英语一:考生应能掌握5500左右的词汇以及相关词组。
除掌握词汇的基本含义外,考生还应掌握词汇之间的词义关系,如同义词、近义词、反义词等;掌握词汇之间的搭配关系,如动词与介词、形容词与介词、形容词与名词等;掌握词汇生成的基本知识,如词源、词根、词缀等。
英语二:考生应能较熟练的掌握5500个左右常用英语词汇以及相关常用词组。
考生应能根据具体语境、句子结构或上下文理解一些非常用词的词义。
3.语言技能的考查——阅读
英语一侧重考查篇章层面英语二则侧重考查段落层次。
英语一:考生应能读懂选自各类书籍和报刊的不同类型的文献材料(生词量不超过所读材料总词汇量的3%),还应能读懂与本人学习或工作有关的文献资料、技术说明和产品介绍等。
对所读材料,考生应能:
⑴理解主旨要义;
⑵理解文中的具体信息;
⑶理解文中的概念性含义;
⑷进行有关的判断、推理和引申;
⑸根据上下文推测生词的词义;
⑹理解文章的总体结构以及上下文之间的关系;
⑺理解作者的意图、观点和态度;
⑻区分论点和论据。
英语二:考生应能读懂不同题材和题材的文字材料。题材包括经济、管理、社会、文化、科普等,体裁包括说明文、议论文和记叙文等。
根据阅读材料,考生应能:
⑴理解主旨要义;
⑵理解文中的具体信息;
⑶理解语篇的结构和上下文的逻辑关系;
⑷根据上下文推断重要生词或词组的含义;
⑸进行一定的判断和推理;
⑹理解作者的意图、观点和态度。
4.语言技能的考查——写作
英语一:考生应能写不同类型的应用文,包括私人和公务信函、备忘录、报告等,以及一般性、叙述性、说明性或议论性的文章。
写作时,考生应能:
⑴做到语法、拼写、标点正确,用词恰当;
⑵遵循文章的特定文体格式;
⑶合理组织文章结构,使其内容同一、连贯;
⑷根据写作目的和特定读者,恰当选用语域。
英语二:考生应能根据所给的提纲、情景、或要求完成相应的短文写作。
短文中心思想明确、切中题意、结构清晰、条理清楚、用词恰当、无明显语言错误。
考研英语都考查哪些内容?小编就说到这里了,更多关于考研报名入口,报名时间,考研成绩查询,报名费用,考研准考证打印入口及时间等问题,小编会及时更新。希望各位考生都能进入自己的理想院校。大家一定要坚持备考。
『玖』 高中英语阅读主要考察学生什么能力
细节理解能力 文章大意概括能力 猜词能力 由已知推断未知的能力。
『拾』 考研英语阅读理解考查题型有哪些
阅读理解A(一般阅读理解,从小到大做的那种),4篇
40分
阅读理解B(近几年来一直是七选五,超难)
10分
阅读理解C(翻译
英译汉五个
)
10分