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盲人阅读机英语阅读理解

发布时间: 2023-05-13 15:22:02

① 2021年高考英语全国卷2 - 阅读理解B

When almost everyone has a mobile phone, why are more than half of Australian homes still paying for a landline?
几乎每个人都有手机,那为什么超过一半的澳大利亚家庭仍在为座机付费?

These days you'd be hard pressed to find anyone in Australia over the age of 15 who doesn’t own a mobile phone. In fact plenty of younger kids have one in their pocket. Practically everyone can make and receive calls anywhere, anytime.
如今,在澳大利亚很难15岁以上的人几乎个个有手机。实际上,很多小孩子口袋里都有。几乎每个人都可以随时随地拨打和接听电话。

Still, 55 percent of Australians have a landline phone at home and only just over a quarter (29%) rely only on their smartphones, according to a survey. Of those Australians who still have a landline, a third concede that it's not really necessary and they're keeping it as a security blanket - 19 percent say they never use it while a further 13 percent keep it in case of emergencies. I think my home falls into that category.
然而,根据一项调查,55%的澳大利亚人家里有座机,只有略高于四分之一(29%)的人只依赖智能手机。在那些仍有座机的澳大利亚人中,三分之一的人认为不是真的需要座机,只是把它当作一条安全毯——19%的人说他们从来不用,另有13%的人保留它是为了应付紧急情况。我认为我的家庭属于这一类。

More than half of Australian homes are still choosing to stick with their home phone. Age is naturally a factor - only 58 percent of Generation Ys still use landlines now and then, compared to 84 percent of Baby Boomers who've perhaps had the same home number for 50 years. Age isn't the only factor; I'd say it's also to do with the makeup of your household.
超过一半的澳大利亚家庭仍然选择使用座机。年龄自然是一个因素——Y一代中只有58%仍然偶尔使用座机,而婴儿潮一代中有84%的人可能50年来一直拥有相同的家庭号码。年龄不是唯一的因素;我想这也和你的家庭构成有关。

Generation Xers with young families, like my wife and I, can still find it convenient to have a home phone rather than providing a mobile phone for every family member. That said, to be honest the only people who ever ring our home phone are our Baby Boomers parents, to the point where we play a game and guess who is calling before we pick up the phone (using Caller ID would take the fun out of it).
这样拥有年轻家庭的X一代,比如我和我的妻子还是认为拥有一部座机比为每个家庭成员提供一部手机更方便。说实话,只有婴儿潮一代的父母会打我们的座机,在我们拿起电话之前,我们会玩一个游戏,猜猜谁在打电话(来电显示会让我们失去乐趣)。

How attached are you to your landline? How long until they go the way of gas street lamps and morning milk deliveries?
你有多喜欢你的座机?它们还要多久才能走上煤气路灯和早上送牛奶的老路?

② 2019年高考英语北京卷 - 阅读理解C

The problem of robocalls has gotten so bad that many people now refuse to pick up calls from numbers they don't know. By next year, half of the calls we receive will be scams. We are finally waking up to the severity of the problem by supporting and developing a group of tools, apps and approaches intended to prevent scammers from getting through. Unfortunately, it's too little, too late. By the time these “solutions" become widely available,scammers will have moved onto cleverer means. In the near future, it's not just going to be the number you see on your screen that will be in doubt. Soon you will also question whether the voice you're hearing is actually real.
自动语音电话的问题已经变得如此严重,以至于许多人现在拒绝接听陌生号码的电话。到明年,我们收到的电话将有一半是诈骗电话。我们终于意识到问题的严重性,支持并开发了一组工具、应用程序和方案,用来阻止骗子打通电话。不幸的是,太少而又太晚。当这些“解决方案”被广泛使用,骗子就会采用更高明的手段。在不久的将来,不仅在屏幕上看到的电话号码有疑问,而且很快你会怀疑你听到的声音是不是真的。

That's because there are a number of powerful voice manipulation and automation technologies that are about to become widely available for anyone to use .At this year's I/O Conference ,a company showed a new voice technology able to proce such a convincing human–sounding voice that it was able to speak to a receptionist and book a reservation without detection.
这是因为有很多强大的声音处理和自动化技术将广泛投入使用。今年的I/O大会上,一家公司展示了一种新的声音技术,能够产生令人信服的人类发出的声音,可以和接待人员对话,预订房间而不被察觉。

These developments are likely to make our current problems with robocalls much worse. The reason that robocalls are a headache has less to do with amount than precision. A decade of data breaches of personal information has led to a situation where scammers can easily learn your mother 's name, and far more. Armed with this knowledge, they're able to carry out indivially targeted campaigns to cheat people. This means. for example,that a scammer could call you from what looks to be a familiar number and talk to you using a voice that sounds exactly like your bank teller 's, ricking you into "confirming " your address,mother's name,and card number. Scammers follow money, so companies will be the worst hit. A lot of business is still done over the phone, and much of it is based on trust and existing relationships. Voice manipulation technologies may weaken that graally.
骗子追逐金钱,因此公司将受到最严重的打击。很多业务仍然是通过电话进行的,其中很多是基于信任和现有关系。语音处理技术可能会逐渐削弱这一点。
这些发展可能会使目前的自动语音电话问题变得更糟。自动语音电话令人头痛的原因与其说是数量,不如说是准确性。十年来个人信息的数据泄露导致骗子可以很容易地知道你母亲的名字,甚至更多。有了这些,他们能够进行有针对性的活动来欺骗你们。这意味着。例如,一个骗子可以用一个你看起来很熟悉的号码打电话给你,用一个听起来很像你银行出纳员的声音和你说话,让你“确认”你的地址、母亲的名字和卡号。骗子紧跟着就会骗钱,公司将受到最严重的打击。许多业务仍然是通过电话完成的,其中许多是基于信任和现有的关系。语音处理技术可能会逐渐削弱这一点。

We need to deal with the insecure nature of our telecom networks. Phone carriers and consumers need to work together to find ways of determining and communicating what is real. That might mean either developing a uniform way to mark videos and images, showing when and who they were made by, or abandoning phone calls altogether and moving towards data-based communications—using apps like FaceTime or WhatsApp, which can be tied to your identity.
我们需要解决电信网络的不安全性。电话运营商和消费者需要共同努力,找到方法确认电话内容是真实的并且沟通也是真实的。这可能意味着要开发一种统一的方法来标记视频和图像,显示何时何人所作,或者干脆放弃电话,转向基于数据的通信——使用FaceTime或WhatsApp等应用,这些应用可以与你的身份绑定。

Credibility is hard to earn but easy to lose, and the problem is only going to harder from here on out.
信用很难获得,但容易失去,从现在开始,问题只会变得更加严重。

③ 英语阅读理解c篇,,,

回答和翻译如下:
C.
1.B 2.A 3.B 4.C 5.A 6.A
曾经有一个盲人女孩,很讨厌她自己,因为,她是个盲人。她回恨每个人,除了她的男朋答友。他总是提供她的需要。盲人女孩说,如果她能够看见世界,她将会嫁给他。
有人捐了一对眼睛给这个盲人女孩。她看见了任何事物,包括她的男朋友。她的男朋友问她,“现在,你看见了这个世界,你将会嫁给我吗 ?”当她看见她的男朋友也是个盲人。她拒绝了嫁给他。她的男朋友很难过的离开了,然后,她写信对女孩说,“请小心我的眼睛,亲爱的。”
这个人的情况改变了。但是,只有很少人记得像是以前的生活,并且,人们总是关注着最糟糕的情况。
保持每个人的内心,因为,你会有一天富有,或者,贫穷。当你学习了爱以后,不能够找到一个完美的人,但是,你可以从不完美变成完美。

④ 英语翻译。

一个13岁的美国做了一个便宜的机器,可以帮助盲人读书。盲人可以用盲文–一小疙瘩版系统读(隆起物权),读字母盲人的触觉。使这些小颠簸的机器通常至少要花费2000美元。它被称为盲人作家。美国的学生,舒巴姆·班纳吉,来自乐高的一个工具,让人们创建机器人做了一个新的盲文书写器。Banerjee称他的新机器的braigo–组合字的盲文和乐高。仅仅花费了350美元。它的工作原理是将电子文本转换成盲人,然后用计算机或移动机器打印它。Banerjee设计他的braigo为了去年学校的科学展览。从那时起,他已经在美国大科技公司英特尔的钱花在了Banerjee的机器去年十一月硅谷的利益,但他们并没有说他们投入了多少钱。Banerjee也拿到了35000没元宝从他的父亲帮他启动项目。他爸爸是一个电脑工程师(工程师)在英特尔。他谈到了为什么要给那么多钱给儿子,说:“我们作为父母开始更感兴趣,认为他是对的东西,这个发明继续。”Banerjee告诉美联社:“我的梦想可能会有大部分的盲人…用我的braigo。”
有疑问请追问。

⑤ 阅读表达(共5小题,每小题2分,满分10分)What’s going to happen in the future Here are some thing


小题1:safer; carrying
小题2:通过带仿生眼睛,盲人可能有机会恢复视力。
小题3:Sensors(探测器)and cameras on the car would allow it to keep strictly to the rules of the road and keep a safe distance from other cars.
小题4:We used to pay with cash for everything we bought.
小题5:Here are some things that scientists say is most likely to happen 10 to 30 years from now.

⑥ 求大神发高一英语周报课标2015-2016 第34期答案 谢谢

高一英语周报课标2015-2016 第34期颂穗答案
Book 3 Unit 2 参考答案及部分解析
参考答案
1-5 ABCCA 6-10ACBAC
11-15 CAABC 16-20BCBCB 21-25 BBCCD 26-30 ACAAB
31-35 BDDBC 36-40BGCFD
41-45 BACAD 46-50CABCB 51-55 DABCD 56-60BDACB
61. who / that 62. extremely 63. up 64. toread
65. a 66. is listed
67. choosing 68. or
69. decision 70. pleased
短文改错:
71. ... for the meal ... the → a
72. ... food is not ... is → was
73. ... a dish calling ... calling → called
74. ... turned out to ... turned前加which
75. ... and this meal ... and → but
76. ... was quite disappointed ...
disappointed → disappointing
77. ... my families didn't ...
families → family
78. Personal, I think ...
Personal → Personally
79. ... enjoyed us more ... us → ourselves
80. ... have had plenty ... 去掉had
One possible version:
Welcome to Sunshine Health Club
Do you want to be healthier and stronger?Then Sunshine Health Club should be your first choice!
We offer all kinds of physical exercisessuch as aerobics and swimming, which are under the guidance of professionalcoaches. Sunshine Health Club is very convenient with different types of modernequipment. You can choose whatever you like.
Business hours: from 6:00 am to 8:30 pm onweekdays; weekends all day.
You just need to pay 1,200 yuan per year.
Enter Sunshine Health Club and you willenjoy good health forever.
Welcome!
部分解析
阅读理解:
A篇 (个人情感)
本文是夹叙夹议文。一次寻常的购物途中遇见的陌生人对作者影响深远。
21. B。推理判裂凳断题。根据第一段中的hoping it will be enough,She's had a hard day, and I've had a hard week和I turn away, bitter that I couldnever own such a dress等可推测,作者肆樱旅的家境不是很好。
22. B。推理判断题。根据第二段中的I work so hard to help my family and yet I get nothing in return可知,作者感到气愤是觉得自己的努力没有得到相应的回报。
23. C。细节理解题。根据第三段中的I tell him “thank you” one more time and am on my way because I have many other things tofinish可知,作者只对帮助她的那个陌生人说了两遍“谢谢”是因为她还有其他事情要做。
24. C。标题归纳题。作者为帮家里购物这件事发牢骚表示不满,然而购物途中一个陌生人的所言所行改变了她。因此C项作标题概括了文章主旨。
B篇 (自然)
本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了深海探险的相关知识。
25. D。细节理解题。根据第一段中的But the first deep-sea divers wanted to find sunken treasure可知,人们最初探测深海是想寻找沉入海底的金银财宝。
26. A。细节理解题。根据第二段中的He must be able to protect himself from great pressure ... thepressure of water is about 1,300 pounds on every square inch可知,水压很大,这使得在深海中潜水非常困难。
27. C。细节理解题。根据第三段中的These suits let divers go down a few hundred feet, but they were nogood for exploring the very deep waters和With a metal diving suit, a diver could go down 700 feet可知,与橡胶潜水服相比,金属潜水服可以帮助人们探测较深的水域。
28. A。推理判断题。根据最后一段中的William Beebe wanted to explore deeper than anyone had ever gonebefore和Beebe wentdown 3,028 feet. He saw many things that had never been seen by humans before可推断,Beebe通过探海球(the Bathysphere)探测到了更深的海域,打破了以往的潜水纪录。
C篇 (健康)
本文是议论文。文章主要讨论了吃晚饭吃得太晚的危害。
29. A。细节理解题。根据第一段中的a disease that influences as many as 40 percent of Americans, amarked increase in recent years可知,患胃酸倒流病的人数正在逐年增加。
30. B。词义猜测题。根据该句中的But以及下文介绍晚饭吃得太晚的弊端可知,晚饭时间是一个被人们忽视了的问题。
31. B。推理判断题。根据第三段中的The reflux was serious, and changes were needed和第四段可知,作者让这位女病人将自己的晚饭时间提前,然而女病人很难做到,因此恨作者。
32. D。写作目的题。作者以一个病人的案例引出晚上吃饭时间太晚容易得胃酸倒流病,并且给出自己的建议:the single most important treatment for reflux is to avoid lateeating,然后再以一个女病人的病例对此加以证明,最后得出结论:To stop the increase in reflux disease, we have to stop eating atleast three hours before bed。由此可知,作者写作此文的目的在于告诫大家晚饭时间很关键,不能吃得太晚,否则会导致疾病,甚至会威胁生命。
D篇 (日常活动)
本文是应用文。文章是剑桥市的四项活动介绍。
33. D。细节理解题。根据Building stones of Cambridge部分中的see the Watson Collection及其时间3pm - 5pm可知答案。
34. B。细节理解题。根据Cambridge University Press部分中的Alts可知,该项活动只面向成人。而其他三项活动的年龄要求分别为Ages 12+,Ages 10+,Ages 14+,由此可知,这三项活动除了成人外,其他适龄儿童也可以参加。
35. C。细节理解题。根据The history of rowing in Cambridge部分中的Chris Dalley ... talks about the sport's history可知,Chris Dalley将就剑桥的赛艇运动这一话题作报告。
七选五:
话题:节假日活动
本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了几个特别的生日习俗。
36. B。根据下一句But as time went by, children and then alts began to have theirown birthday celebrations可知,空格处和该句形成时间上的前后对比,故B项符合语境。
37. G。根据上一句There are some traditions ... that you can find almost anywhere, anytime以及下文介绍的几个特别的生日习俗可知,G项在此承上启下。
38. C。根据上一句中的a twenty-first birthday cake often has a key on top和下一句中的The key means that可知,C项中的the shape of a key与之相呼应。
39. F。根据该段中的had to clean the stairs of the City Hall和every girl could see ... 可知,F项“她们也能借此看出这名男子很会打扫家”符合此处语境。
40. D。根据上一句中的many people prefer to forget their birthdays rather than celebratethem和下一句中的yourfriends and family have to pay if you go out for drinks or a meal可知,30岁以后人们不再兴师动众庆祝生日,而是简单地度过。故D项“送花和吃顿饭”符合语境。
完形填空:
话题:个人情况
本文是记叙文。Ben Underwood因疾病变成了盲人,然而,他却可以利用耳朵来探索周围的一切。
41. B。根据上一句中的a normal teenage boy可知,Ben Underwood“热爱(loved)”篮球、骑车等运动。
42. A。根据破折号后的he was blind可知,Ben又“不同于(different)”绝大多数同龄人。
43. C。虽然Ben是盲人,“然而(However)”他却有一种特殊的才能。
44. A。根据but以及下文讲述Ben的故事可知,Ben虽然没有眼睛,但是他“依然(still)”可以看见周围的一切。
45. D。上一句介绍Ben出生时是一个快乐、健康的孩子,下文谈到他身患癌症而且必须做手术,由此可知,当他两岁时,他的生活发生了“改变(changed)”。
46. C。根据后半句and Ben was fine可知,Ben的手术很“成功(successful)”。
47. A。根据前半句the doctors had to remove his eyes可知,由于眼睛被摘除,因此Ben变成了“盲(blind)”人。
48. B。根据该段接下来的When he was three, he learned how to ... 和Then, when Ben was seven ... 可知,手术过后,Ben慢慢地“培养(developed)”出了一种特殊的才能。
49. C。根据下文具体介绍Ben是如何靠听周围的回声来辨别事物可知,他靠自己的“耳朵(ears)”来认知周围的世界。
50. B。根据该空前的He listened very carefully可知,Ben能“听见(hear)” 周围通过建筑物反弹的噪音。
51. D。根据上文中的“see” buildings和noises bounce off buildings可知,Ben通过噪音来辨别“建筑物(buildings)”的方位。
52. A。根据上文中的When he was three, he learned how to和下一句中的He made clicking noises with his mouth可知,Ben七岁时开始“学着(learned)”用嘴发出咔哒声。
53. B。根据上文介绍Ben三岁开始通过仔细聆听噪音来辨别建筑物可知,当他七岁时,他如法炮制,先用嘴发出特定的声音,然后细听“噪音(noises)”是如何从物体上反弹。
54. C。Ben通过听回声来辨别事物和海豚在水里看事物的“方式(way)”相同。
55. D。根据下一句中的There are only a few blind people in the world可知,科学家和医生对Ben的特殊才能感到“惊讶(amazed at)”。
56. B。根据上文描述Ben通过听噪音来看世界可知,世界上只有少数盲人可以像他这样“看(see)”世界。
57. D。根据下一句He was on TV, and he traveled to different countries and talked topeople about his life可知,Ben变得“有名(famous)”了。
58. A。下文描述的when Ben was 16, his cancer came back. He died soon after是一件“悲痛(Sadly)”的事。
59. C。尽管Ben离开了人世,然而他在有生之年“使人们明白(taught people)”一切皆有可能。
60. B。根据上文介绍Ben的励志故事和该句中的heencouraged them可知,Ben帮很多人变得内心“强大(strong)”。
语法填空:
61. who / that。考查关系词。设空处引导定语从句,修饰先行词people且在从句中作主语,故填who / that。
62. extremely。考查副词。设空处修饰形容词hard,故填副词extremely。
63. up。考查固定搭配。give up 意为“放弃,停止”。
64. to read。考查不定式作状语的用法。take time to do sth. 意为“花时间做某事”。
65. a。考查不定冠词。restaurant是可数名词且在此表泛指,故填a。
66. is listed。考查一般现在时的被动语态。 information与list之间是被动关系,且此处表示一般情况,故填is listed。
67. choosing。考查动词-ing形式作宾语的用法。considerdoing sth. 意为“考虑做某事”。
68. or。考查连词。whether ... or ... 意为“不管……还是……”。
69. decision。考查名词。由an unhealthy可知,在此应填名词decision。
70. pleased。考查形容词作表语的用法。be pleased with sth. 意为“对某事满意”。

[选做题参考答案及解析]
参考答案
1-5 CBABC 6-10 AADCC
解析
A篇 (家庭)
本文是记叙文。文章主要介绍了作者一家在非洲的狩猎旅行。
1. C。细节理解题。根据第二段中的we had a tale to outdo most told around the fire和孩子说的This has got to be the bestnightlife in the world可知,在营火旁边,作者一家所分享的他们之前遇到豹子的经历比别的露营者所讲的故事更精彩。他们很自豪能有这样的经历。
2. B。推理判断题。根据第三段中的our kids didn't want to return to the kind of “teen clubs”可知,作者和妻子想有一个不同寻常的家庭旅行,因此选择了非洲狩猎旅行。
3. A。细节理解题。根据第四段中的We chose to stay at Mdonya Old River Camp because this is one thatavoids soft beds and towels, etc; these, to my mind can prevent us fromconnecting with nature和the five of us shared a simple tent可知,作者选择Mdonya Old River Camp是因为这个营地只有很基础的设施。
4. B。篇章结构题。根据前一句中的it was that game drives are not allowed in any of the country'snational parks after dark可知,在坦桑尼亚的任何一家国家公园都不允许天黑以后驱车游猎,也正是这一规定才使得作者一家那晚和豹子、黑斑羚的碰面更加特别。
5. C。推理判断题。根据最后一段中的we concluded that if there is one family holiday that will attractteens, it is a safari可推测,作者觉得这次非洲狩猎旅行非常吸引孩子,因此感到很满意。
B篇 (交通)
本文是说明文。英国的车辆都是右舵左行的,但这个习惯由来已久,且不易改变。
6. A。细节理解题。根据第一段中的up until the late eighteenth century, everybody travelled on theleft-hand side of the road because it was the best way for mostly right-handedpeople to protect themselves in violent societies可知,18世纪晚期之前的人习惯于靠左走是因为他们走路时可以用持剑的右手保护自己,这样更安全。
7. A。推理判断题。根据第二段可知,拿破仑是左撇子,他让自己的军队靠右行军,这样他就可以左手持剑应对敌人。故可推断A项正确。
8. D。细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的After the American Revolutionary War (1775-1783), the US becameindependent and decided to make traffic drive on the right in order to cut itsties with Britain可知,美国人选择靠右行驶是为了表明他们已经完全脱离英国。
9. C。词义猜测题。根据最后一段中的It would cost billions of pounds to change everything round和there were far fewer cars there,and the population was much smaller可知,由于瑞典当时车辆和人口较少,因此改成靠右行车并没有太费劲。
10. C。标题归纳题。本文解释了英国人习惯靠左行驶的原因,也顺便介绍了其他一些国家靠右行驶的来历。C项标题能够起到统领全文的作用。

⑦ 英语标准翻译

现在电脑有很多的用途。电脑能够解决难问题,也能控制其他的机器。一些人用叫做计算器的小电脑来快速计算一些简单的数学问题,同时科学家们用大电脑来解决许多问题。你可以打电脑游模汪掘戏,而且一些电脑能够帮你学语言。库兹威尔阅读器是一种特殊的电脑,它可以为盲人读书。用了库兹威尔阅读器,一个盲人旦核可以简单地把书打开放在扫描器上,阅读器就会读书上的单词。当一页完成时,这个盲人会把书翻页然后重新放到扫描器上。库兹威尔阅陵袜读器能够用正常的或者是特别快速的语调读书,它还可以读很少字母的单词,也可以读字母很多的单词。
盲人喜欢库兹威尔阅读器因为这样他们就可以读任何东西了:报纸,杂志,书,甚至是信件。现在许多图书馆已经为盲人准备了库兹威尔阅读器,以便他们使用。库兹威尔阅读器也能够帮助近视的孩子们学习阅读呢!

⑧ 【雅思阅读翻译】C4T1P3——视觉符号与盲人

You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 27–40 which are based on Reading Passage 3 below.

From a number of recent studies, it has become clear that blind people can appreciate the use of outlines and perspectives to describe the arrangement of objects and other surfaces in space. But pictures are more than literal representations. This fact was drawn to my attention dramatically when a blind woman in one of my investigations decided on her own initiative to draw a wheel as it was spinning. To show this motion, she traced a curve inside the circle (Fig. 1). I was taken aback. Lines of motion, such as the one she used, are a very recent invention in the history of illustration. Indeed, as art scholar David Kunzle notes, Wilhelm Busch, a trend-setting nineteenth-century cartoonist, used virtually no motion lines in his popular figures until about 1877.

最近的一系列研究表明,盲人可以理解用轮廓线和透视图表示的物体排列及空中的其他表面。但是图片表达的源物意思更胜于文字表述。当我研究的一位盲人女性自发地划出一个正在滚动的车轮时,渗裂拿这个现象极丛搭大地吸引了我的注意。为了展示车轮的运动,她在圆的中心画了一条曲线。我被吓了一跳。表示运动的线,例如她刚画的这条,是插图史上最近才有的发明。事实上,正如艺术学者David Kunzle所说,引领了19世纪潮流的卡通画家Wilhelm Busch直到1877年之前都没有在他最流行的人物形象中使用动态线条。

When I asked several other blind study subjects to draw a spinning wheel, one particularly clever rendition appeared repeatedly: several subjects showed the wheel’s spokes as curved lines. When asked about these curves, they all described them as metaphorical ways of suggesting motion. Majority rule would argue that this device somehow indicated motion very well. But was it a better indicator than, say, broken or wavy lines – or any other kind of line, for that matter? The answer was not clear. So I decided to test whether various lines of motion were apt ways of showing movement or if they were merely idiosyncratic marks. Moreover, I wanted to discover whether there were differences in how the blind and the sighted interpreted lines of motion.

当我要求其他接受研究的盲人画一个滚动的轮子时,一种很聪明的画法反复出现了:一些盲人把车轮的辐条画成了曲线。当被问到这些曲线时,他们都说这是一种表示运动的比喻手法。多数人规则,会认为,这种方式可以很好地表示运动。但是对于这种现象。会不会有种更好的表示方法,例如虚线和波浪线,或其他形式的线呢?答案还不明确。所以我决定测试各种表示运动的线条分别适合表示哪种运动,或者也许它们只是一些特殊符号。而且,我想要发现盲人和普通人眼中表示运动的线条有没有什么区别。

To search out these answers, I created raised-line drawings of five different wheels, depicting spokes with lines that curved, bent, waved, dashed and extended beyond the perimeter of the wheel. I then asked eighteen blind volunteers to feel the wheels and assign one of the following motions to each wheel: wobbling, spinning fast, spinning steadily, jerking or braking. My control group consisted of eighteen sighted undergraates from the University of Toronto.

为了找出答案,我用凸起的线条画出了五个轮子,分别把辐条画成了曲线、折线、波浪线、虚线和伸出车轮的线。接着,我请18位盲人志愿者触摸轮子,并请他们把每个轮子对应在以下运动中:摇晃、迅速转动、稳定转动、颠簸或刹车。我的对照组由18多伦多大学的普通大学生组成。

All but one of the blind subjects assigned distinctive motions to each wheel. Most guessed that the curved spokes indicated that the wheel was spinning steadily; the wavy spokes, they thought, suggested that the wheel was wobbling; and the bent spokes were taken as a sign that the wheel was jerking. Subjects assumed that spokes extending beyond the wheel’s perimeter signified that the wheel had its brakes on and that dashed spokes indicated the wheel was spinning quickly.

除了其中一人,所有的盲人都把不同的运动与轮子相对应了。大部分人猜测曲线辐条表示轮子在平稳转动,波浪辐条表示车轮在摇晃,折线车轮表示车子受到颠簸。受试者猜测,辐条伸出车轮边缘表示轮子处于刹车状态,而虚线表示轮子在快速转动。

In addition, the favored description for the sighted was the favored description for the blind in every instance. What is more, the consensus among the sighted was barely higher than that among the blind. Because motion devices are unfamiliar to the blind, the task I gave them involved some problem solving. Evidently, however, the blind not only figured out meanings for each line of motion, but as a group they generally came up with the same meaning at least as frequently as did sighted subjects.

另外,普通人喜爱的表达与盲人喜爱的表达基本一致。而且普通人之间的共识度并不比盲人高。因为盲人对运动装置并不熟悉,所以我给他们的任务中也包括解决一些问题。但是,很明显,盲人不仅搞明白了线条运动的意义,而且作为一个团队,他们达成共识的普遍频率也不比普通人低。

We have found that the blind understand other kinds of visual metaphors as well. One blind woman drew a picture of a child inside a heart – choosing that symbol, she said, to show that love surrounded the child. With Chang Hong Liu, a doctoral student from China, I have begun exploring how well blind people understand the symbolism behind shapes such as hearts that do not directly represent their meaning. We gave a list of twenty pairs of words to sighted subjects and asked them to pick from each pair the term that best related to a circle and the term that best related to a square. For example, we asked: What goes with soft? A circle or a square? Which shape goes with hard?

我们发现,盲人也能理解其他种类的视觉符号。一个盲人女性在一个心形中间画了一个小孩——她说,选择这个符号,是为了表示孩子被爱包围。于是我和一个中国博士生刘长虹开始研究:盲人对于心形这样不直接表达含义的符号背后的意义,到底理解到了什么样的程度。我们给了普通人20对单词,并要求他们在每一对单词中选择一个代表圆圈的和一个代表方框的。比方说,我们问:哪个表示柔软呢?圆圈还是方框?哪个又表示坚硬?

All our subjects deemed the circle soft and the square hard. A full 94% ascribed happy to the circle, instead of sad. But other pairs revealed less agreement: 79% matched fast to slow and weak to strong, respectively. And only 51% linked deep to circle and shallow to square. (See Fig. 2) When we tested four totally blind volunteers using the same list, we found that their choices closely resembled those made by the sighted subjects. One man, who had been blind since birth, scored extremely well. He made only one match differing from the consensus, assigning ‘far’ to square and ‘near’ to circle. In fact, only a small majority of sighted subjects – 53% – had paired far and near to the opposite partners. Thus, we concluded that the blind interpret abstract shapes as sighted people do.

所有的受试者都认为圆形表示柔软而方块表示坚硬。94%的人认为开心与圆形对应,而不是悲伤。也有一些词组出现了不同的意见:79%的人在快-慢和强-弱对比上意见分别一致。而只有51%的人认为圆形表示深,方形表示浅。当我们用完全一样的列表测试四个完全看不到的盲人时,我们发现他们的选择与普通人的选择非常相似。有个先天失明的人做得特别好。他只有一次连线与之前的移至答案不同,那就是把“远”与方联系起来,把近和圆联系起来。事实上,只有刚刚53%的普通人在远近上给出了相反的答案。因此,我们可以得出结论:盲人可以像普通人一样理解抽象图案的意义。

⑨ 人教版八年级下册英语第一单元题目及答案

智慧,不是知识,不是 经验 ,不是思辨,而是超越自我中心的态度。船过水无痕,鸟飞不留影,成败得失都不会引起心情的波动,那就是自在解脱的大智慧。下面给大家分享一些关于人教版英语 八年级 下册Unit 1 测试有答案,希望对大家有所帮助。

人教版英语八年级下册Unit 1 测试

(限时:60分钟满分:100分)

一、单项选择(每小题1. 5分,共15分)

1.—Does your sister have _______ _ fever?

—Yes, she does. I thinkshe should go to________ hospital.

A. an;/ B. a;the C. /;a D. the;an

2.If we just think about________,the boat of friendshipwi ll be overturned(倾覆)anytime.

A. myself B.himself C. yourself D.ourselves

3.—I failed my driving test again.

—Don't ________. Keeptrying and you'll pass it.

A. put up B.give up C. tidy up D. look up

4.I took the subway and ________at the downtown station.

A. got through B.got over C. got on D. got off

5.________ our surprise, Larry came here earliest today.

A. To B. With C. Without D. In

6.You look too tired. You ________ rest and ________work too hard.

A. should; should B. shouldn't; shouldn't

C. shouldn't; should D. should; shouldn't

7.Lucy is used ________ a walk after dinner.

A. to take B. taking C.to taking D. take

8.Did you agree ________ a party for him?

A. having B. to have C. have D. had

9.Please let me tell you again ________ you won't forget.

A. as long as B.if C. so that D. because

10.— My c ousin has a sore throat.

—She should ________.

A. drink water withhoney B. see a dentist

C. take a shower D. get an X? ray

二、完形填空(每小题2分,共20分)

A tone ?deaf(不能辨别音高的)teenager has surprised his familyby suddenly being able to play music after suffering a concussion(脑震荡).

Gordon,a high school student,now can play 13instruments—______11 he has never learned music.

As a smal l child,he loved sports,dreamed of playing lacrosse(长曲棍球)as a career,and had no______12 in music.

“He really had nomusical______13,”his mother told the reporter. “When he playedlacrosse with a local team in Grade Six,he______14backwards and knocked the back of his head______15 the ground. ”

“I remember______16 andthen feeling dazed (神志不清的),”he told the reporter. “I didn'treally realize something______17 had happened. ”

The doctors told him hecould return to the______18. He did so,butunluckily he went on to suffer______19 couple of hard hits on the head,which sent him to the hospital again.

Afterthat,the doctors told him hecouldn't play sports any more,but there was one goodside effect:his newly found______20.

“Now I can play manyinstruments,such as piano,guitar and violin. Music is thething that gets me up in the morning,”hesaid.

11.A. so B. and C. because D. though

12.A. interest B. interested C. interesting D. interestedly

13.A. problem B. difficulty C. instrument D.talent

14.A. falls B. felt C. fell D. was falling

15.A. above B. below C. along D. against

16.A. getting up B. giving up C. to get up D. to give up

17.A. good B. bad C. wonderful D. boring

18.A. classroom B. hospital C. concert D. field

19.A. another B. other C. the other D. others

20.A. hobby B. illness C. habit D. skill

三、阅读理解 (每小题2分,共10分)

On Sunday it was sunny. More than ten people stood on theairport,waiting for thechallenge for skydiving(特技跳伞运动). Suddenly,with the help of a guide dog,a blind man was coming w ith aparachute(降落伞n. ;跳伞v. ) on his back.

“Do you also come forthe parachute training?” someone asked. “Yes!” the blind man answered in a loudvoice. All the people looked at him in surprise. “I know. Do you think how ablind man can parachute?”the blind man said.“Yes,how can you parachute?” Seeing the blind man was so happy,they asked quickly.

“It's not difficult.I'll parachute like you. I am a blind man,butI c an hear!When I hear the orderfor skydiving,I'll carry my guide dogto follow you one by one. The coach (教练)says,counting to 5 from themoment I jump down,I can open theparachute. And I know when to fall to the ground is the most dangerous momentin skydiving. But it's very easy for me. When my guide dog is afraid intocrying loudly and the rope in my hand becomes light,I'll be ready for falling to theground. ” said the blind man quickly.

After the challenge,the coach told everyone,“In this training,Robert gets the highest scoring. ”“Who's Robert?” They askedsimultaneously.

“He!” the coach said,pointing at the young blind man.

21.What did the blind man come to the airport to do?

A. To watch theparachute training. B. To trainhis guide dog.

C. To join in theparachute training. D. To gotravelling by plane.

22.How did all the people feel when the blind man wanted to parachute with them?

A. Happy. B. Surprised. C. Excited. D. Sad.

23.When will the man be ready for falling to the ground?

A. When he hears theorder for skydiving.

B. When he carries hisguide dog to follow one by one.

C. When the coach sayshe can open the parachute.

D. When his guide dog isafraid into crying loudly and the rope in his hand becomes light.

24.What does the word “simultaneously” mean in Chinese?

A. 大声喧哗地 B. 难以置信地 C. 不可否认地 D.不约而同地

25.According to the passage,which of the followingis NOT TRUE?

A. The coach knew Robertwas the best trainer before the challenge.

B. The other peopledidn't believe Robert could parachute at first.

C. The blind man was areal man with great courage.

D. It's unbelievablethat Robert did the best of all trainers.

四、词汇运用(每小题2分,共20分)

A. 根据句意及首字母提示填写单词

26. Zhang Lin's grandmother was s________, so he took her to the hospital.

27. Jane's head feels kind of hot. I thi nk shehas a f __________.

28. I h ______my back playing squash.

29. —What 's the t ________with you?

—Ican't sleep well all night.

30. There were too many p ______on the bus, so Icouldn't get on it.

B. 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空

31. We need two more new ________(knife).

32. Mrs. Brown________ (lie) in bed for a few minutes,and then she felt better.

33. After his parents'________(die), the young manmoved to another city.

34. You should learn to make a________(decide) byyourself. [来源:Z------k.Com]

35. At weekends,mysister often learns English by________(she).

五、补全对话(每小题2分,共10分)

从方框内选择合适的 句子 补全对话(有两项多余)

A:Good afternoon, young man. ______36

B:Good afternoon, doctor. I don'tfeel well. I have a headache.

A:Do you have a fever?

B:______37My mother took mytemperature just now. She said it was OK.

A:Oh, I think you may have a cold.

B:______38

A:You should drink much water.

B:OK. ______39

A:Well, you should go to bed earlyand have a good rest.

B:______40

A:No. It's nothing serious, so youcan go to school.

B:Thank you very much.

A:You're welcome.

A. What should I do? B. I hope you will get better soon.

C.Should I stay in bed? D. What's the matter?

E.Are you feeling well now? F. No, I don't.

G.What else?

六、书面表达(25 分)

你的朋友Jack由于长时间在手机(mobile phone)上玩游戏,现在头痛、眼睛痛、背痛,并且睡不好觉。写一篇短文介绍一下他的情况,并给出你对他的建议。

要求:1. 内容包含所提供的信息,可适当发挥;

2. 书写认真,句子通顺;

3. 词数:80左右。

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

答 案

一、1.B

2. D点拨:句意:如果我们只考虑我们自己,友谊的小船随时都会倾覆。根据主语we,可知其反身代词是ourselves。故选D。

3. B点拨:用习惯应答法。句意:——我又没有通过驾照考试。——不要________。继续努力,你就会通过的。由答语后句Keep trying and you'll p ass it. 可知,此处应是安慰、鼓励对方不要放弃考试。give up意为“放弃”,故选B。

4. D点拨:句意:我乘坐地铁在市中心站下车。get through通过;get over克服;get on上车;get off下车。根据句意,可知选D。

5. A6. D7. C8. B9. C10. A

二、11.D点拨:分析前后文可知表示让步关系,故用though。

12. A点拨:have no interest in意为“对……不感兴趣”。

13. D点拨:problem问题;difficulty困难;instrument乐器;talent天赋。分析句意可知他没有音乐天赋。

14. C点拨:分析前后文可知用一般过去时。

1 5. D点拨:above在……上面;below在……下面;along沿着;against撞;碰。分析句意可知选D。

16. A点拨:get up意为“起来”;give up意为“放弃”。remember doing sth. 意为“记得做过某事”。remember to do sth. 意为“记得要做某事”。根据描述可知记得站了起来,故选A。

17. B点拨:分析前后文可知是坏事情发生了。故选B。[来源:Z--k.Com]

18. D点拨:分析后文可推知医生告诉他可以回到运动场地。

19. A点拨:another意为“又一个”;other意为“其他的”;the other指两者中的另一个;others为代词,后不接名词。分析句意可知他的头部又受到了一 些撞击,用another。

20. D点拨:分析句意可知指的是新发现的技能,用skill。

三、21.C点拨:细节理解题。由短文第二段开头句子“Do you also come for theparachut e training?” someone asked. “Yes!” the blind man answered in a loudvoice. 可知盲人是来参加跳伞训练的。故选C。

22. B点拨:细节理解题。根据短文第二段中All the people looked athim in surprise.中的关键词s urprise可知选B。

23. D点拨:细节理解题。根据短文第三段中When my guide dog isafraid into crying loudly and the rope in my hand becomes light,I'll be ready for falling to theground. 可知答案为D。

24. D点拨:词义猜测题。结合语境可知是他们“不约而同地”发问。故选D。

25. A点拨:推理判断题。通读全文,根据大家之前的“吃惊”,后来的“不约而同”可知教练在挑战之前不知道罗伯特是最棒的。A选项表述不正确。故选A。

四、A.26. sick27. fever28. hurt29. trouble30. passengers

B. 31. knives32.lay33. death34. decision35. herself

五、36.D37. F38. A39. G40. C

六、 范文 :

Jack is my friend. He likes pl aying games on mobilephones very much. He often sits in the same way for too long without moving.Now he has a headache, sore eyes and a sore back. He doesn't sleep well atnight, so he feels tired every day. I think he should take breaks away from themobile phone. He shouldn't use the mobile phone for a long time. He should doeye exercises to relax his eyes and go to bed early at night. I think if he hasa good rest, he will feel well soon.

点评:

本文运用了“总—分—总”法提建议,总体介绍存在的问题(He likes p laying games…fortoo long without moving. Now he has a headache…so he feels tired every day. );针对问题给出具体建议(I think he should take breaks awayfrom…He shouldn't use themobile phone…He should do eyeexercises…at night. );最后 总结 ,表达祝愿(I think if he has a good rest,he will feel well soon. )

添彩点:1.恰当运用本单元所学的 sit in the same way,without, sore, should和shouldn't等词汇表达自己的思想。

2. so, do eye exercises, I think if he has a good rest, he will feel well soon. 等词句运用得恰如其分,使 文章 增色不少。

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⑩ 求一篇英语阅读理解答案

这个是原文,可以对照着看
If I Had the Power of Sight for Three Days

By-Helen Keller

of us have read thrilling stories in which the hero had only a limited and specified time to live. Sometimes it was as long as a year; sometimes as short as twenty-four hours, but always we were interested in discovering just how the doomed man chose to spend his last days or his last hours. I speak, of course, of free men who have a choice, not condemned criminals whose sphere of activities is strictly delimited.
Such stories set up thinking, wondering what we should do under similar circumstances. What associations should we crowd into those last hours as mortal beings? What happiness should we find in reviewing the past, what regrets?
Sometimes I have thought it would be an excellent rule to live each day as if we should die tomorrow. Such an attitude would emphasize sharply the values of life. We should live each day with a gentleness, a vigor, and a keenness of appreciation which are often lost when time stretches before us in the constant panorama of more days and months and years to come. There are those, of course, who would adopt the epicurean motto of “Eat, drink, and be merry,” most people would be chastened by the certainty of impending death.
Most of us take life for granted. We know that one day we must die, but usually we picture that day as far in the future, when we are in buoyant health, death is all but unimaginable. We seldom think of it. The days stretch out in an endless vista. So we go about our petty task, hardly aware of our listless attitude towards life.
The same lethargy, I am afraid, characterizes the use of our faculties and senses. Only the deaf appreciate hearing, only the blind realize the manifold blessings that lie in sight. Particularly does this observation apply to those who have lost sight and hearing in alt life. But those who have never suffered impairment of sight or hearing seldom make the fullest use of these blessed faculties. Their eyes and ears take in all sights and sound hazily, without concentration, and with little appreciation. It is the same old story of not being grateful for what we conscious of health until we are ill.
I have often thought it would be a blessing if each human being were stricken blind and deaf for a few days at some time ring his early alt life. Darkness would make him more appreciative of sight; silence would teach him the joys of sound.
Now and then I have tested my seeing friends to discover what they see. Recently I was visited by a very good friend who had just returned from a long walk in the woods, and I asked her what she had observed. “Nothing in particular,” she replied. I might have been increlous had I not been accustomed to such responses, for long ago I became convinced that the seeing see little.
How was it possible, I asked myself, to walk for an hour through the woods and see nothing worthy of note? I who cannot see find hundreds of things to interest me through mere touch. I feel the delicate symmetry of a leaf. I pass my hands lovingly about the smooth skin of a silver birch, or the rough shaggy bark of a pine. In spring I touch the branches of trees hopefully in search of a bud, the first sign of awakening Nature after her winter’s sleep I feel the delightful, velvety texture of a flower, and discover its remarkable convolutions; and something of the miracle of Nature is revealed to me. Occasionally, if I am very fortunate, I place my hand gently in a small tree and feel the happy quiver of a bird in full song. I am delighted to have cool waters of a brook rush through my open fingers. To me a lush carpet of pine needles or spongy grass is more welcome than the most luxurious Persian rug. To me the pageant of seasons is a thrilling and unending drama, the action of which streams through my finger tips. At times my heart cries out with longing to see all these things. If I can get so much pleasure from mere touch, how much more beauty must be revealed by sight. Yet, those who have eyes apparently see little. The panorama of color and action fill the world is taken for granted. It is human, perhaps, to appreciate little that which we have and to long for that which we have not, but it is a great pity that in the world of light and the gift of sight is used only as mere convenience rather that as a means of adding fullness to life.
Oh, the things that I should see if I had the power of sight for three days!

译文:
我们都读过这样一些动人的故事,故事里主人公将不久于人世。长则一年,短则24小时。但是我们总是很想知道这个即将离开人世的人是决定怎样度过他最后的日子的。当然,我所指的是有权作出选择的自由人,不是那些活动范围受到严格限制的死囚。
这一类故事会使我们思考在类似的处境下,我们自己该做些什么?在那临终前的几个小时里我们会产生哪些联想?会有多少欣慰和遗憾呢?
有时我想,把每天都当作生命的最后一天来度过也不失为一个很好的生命法则。这种人生态度使人非常重视人生的价值。每一天我们都应该以和善的态度、充沛的精力和热情的欣赏来度过,而这些恰恰是在来日方长时往往被我们忽视的东西。当然,有这样一些人奉行享乐主义的座右铭——吃喝玩乐,但是大多数人却不能摆脱死亡来临的恐惧。
我们大多数人认为生命理所当然,我们明白总有一天我们会死去,但是我们常常把这一天看得非常遥远。当我们身体强壮时,死亡便成了难以相象的事情了。我们很少会考虑它,日子一天天过去,好像没有尽头。所以我们为琐事奔波,并没有意识到我们对待生活的态度是冷漠的。
我想我们在运用我们所有五官时恐怕也同样是冷漠的。只有聋子才珍惜听力,只有盲人才能认识到能见光明的幸运。对于那些成年致盲或失陪的人来说尤其如此。但是那些听力或视力从未遭受损失的人却很少充分利用这些幸运的能力,他们对所见所闻不关注、不欣赏。这与常说的不失去不懂得珍贵,不生病不知道健康可贵的道理是一样的。
我常想如果每一个人在他成年的早些时候,有几天成为了聋子或瞎子也不失为一件幸事。黑暗将使他更珍惜光明;沉寂将教他知道声音的乐趣。
有时我会试探我的非盲的朋友们,想知道他们看见了什么。最近我的一位非常要好的朋友来看我,她刚刚在树林里走了很长时间,我问她看见了什么。“没什么特别的,”她回答说。如不是我早已习惯了这样的回答,我也许不会轻易相信,因为很久以前我就相信了有眼人看不见什么。
我问自己在树林中走了一小时,怎么可能什么值得注意的东西都没有看到呢?而我一个盲人仅仅通过触摸就发现了数以百计的有趣的东西。我感到树叶的对称美,用手摸着白桦树光滑的树皮或是松树那粗糙的厚厚的树皮。春天里我满怀着希望触摸着树枝寻找新芽,那是大自然冬眼后醒来的第一个征象。我感到了花朵的可爱和茸茸的感觉,发现它层层叠叠地绽开着,大自然的神奇展现在我的面前。当我把手轻轻地放在一棵小树上,如果幸运的话,偶尔会感到歌唱的小鸟欢快的颤动。我会愉快地让清凉的溪水从手之间流过。对我来说,满地厚厚的松针和松软的草坪比奢华的波斯地毯更惹人喜爱。对我来说四季变换的景色如同一场动人心魄的不会完结的戏剧,剧中的人物动作从我的指尖流过。我的心不时在呐喊,带着对光明的渴望。既然仅仅通过触摸就能使我获得如此多的喜悦,那么光明定会展示更多美好的事物啊。可惜的是那些有眼睛的人分明看到很少,整个世界缤纷的色彩和万物的活动都被认为是理所当然。也许不珍惜已经拥有的,想得到还没有得到的是人的特点,但是在光明的世界里只把视觉用做一种方便的工具,而不是丰富生活的工具,这是令人多么遗憾的事情啊。
噢,假如我拥有三天光明,我将会看见多少事物啊!

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