职称英语阅读理解指南

❶ 职称英语阅读理解题

职称英语阅读理解题

在职称英语考试的六大题型中阅读理解占的分数最高达45分,将近总成绩的'一半,关系着考试的成败。下面是我整理的关于职称英语的阅读理解题以及参考答案，欢迎大家练习!

第一篇：

The Only Way Is Up

Think of a modern city and the first image that come to mind is the skyline. It is full of great buildings, pointing like fingers to heaven. It is true that some cities don’t permit buildings to go above a certain height. But these are cities concerned with the past. The first thing any city does when it wants to tell the world that it has arrived is to build skyscrapers.

When people gather together in cities, they create a demand for land. Since cities are places where money is made, that demand can be met. And the best way to make money out of city land is to put as many people as possible in a space that covers the smallest amount of ground. That means building upwards.

The technology existed to do this as early as the 19th century. But the height of buildings was limited by one important factor. They had to be small enough for people on the top floors to climb stairs. People could not be expected to climb a mountain at the end of their journey to work, or home.

Elisha Otis, a US inventor, was the man who brought us the lift or elevator，as he preferred to call it. However，most of the technology is very old. Lifts work using the same pulley system the Egyptians used to create the Pyramids. What Otis did was attach the system to a steam engine and develop the elevator brake, which stops the lift falling if the cords that hold it up are broken. It was this that did the most to gain public confidence in the new invention. In fact, he spent a number of years exhibiting lifts at fairgrounds, giving people the chance to try them out before selling the idea to architects and builders.

A lift would not be a very good theme park attraction now. Going in a lift is such an everyday thing that it would just be boring. Yet psychologists and others who study human behavior find lifts fascinating. The reason is simple. Scientists have always studied animals in zoos. The nearest they can get to that with humans is in observing them in lifts.

“It breaks all the usual conventions about the bubble of personal space we carry around with us and you just can’t choose to move away,” says workplace psychologist, Gary Fitzgibbon. Being trapped in this setting can create different types of tensions, he says.Some people are scared of them. Others use them as an opportunity to get close to the boss. Some stand close to the door. Others hide in the corners. Most people try and shrink into the background. But some behave in a way that makes others notice them. There are a few people who just stand in a corner taking notes.

Don’t worry about them. They fire probably from a university.

31. “...these are cities concerned with the past”in the first paragraph refer to cities that

A. are worried about their past.

B. have a glorious past to be proud of.

C. want to maintain their traditional image.

D. are very interested in their own history.

32. The difficulty in constructing tall buildings in the 19th century lies in

A. the shortage of money.

B. the lack of a device to carry people upward.

C. backward technology.

D. mountains taking up land space.

33. When Otis came up with the idea of a lift,

A. he sold it to the architects and builders immediately.

B. the Egyptians used it to build the Pyramids.

C. it was accepted favorably by the public.

D. most people had doubt about its safety.

34. Which of the following best describes the experience of going in a lift now?

A. Fascinating.

B. Uninteresting.

C. Frightening.

D. Exciting.

35. Psychologists find the lift a good place where they can study human behaviour because

A. here humans behave the way animals do.

B. people in a lift are all scared.

C. here some people take notes.

D. in a lift the bubble of personal space breaks.

第二篇：

Some Things We Know about Language

Many things about language are a mystery, and many will always remain so.But some things we do know.

First，we know that all human beings have a language of some sort.There is no race of men anywhere on earth so backward that it has no language，no set of speech sounds by which the people communicate with one mother.Furthermore，in historical times，there has never been a race of men without a language.

Second，there is no such thing as a primitive language.There are many people whose cultures are undeveloped，who are，as we say，uncivilized, but the languages they speak are not primitive.In all known languages we can see complexities that must have been tens of thousands of years in developing.

This has not always been well understood;indeed, the direct contrary has often been stated.Popular ideas of the language of the American Indians will illustrate.Many people have supposed that the Indians communicated in a very primitive system of noises.Study has proved this to be nonsense.There are，or were，hundreds of American Indian languages，and all of them turn out to be very complicated and very old. They are certainly different from the languages that most of us are familiar with，but they are no more primitive five than English and Greek.

A third thing we know about language is that all languages are perfectly adequate.That is, each one is a perfect means of expressing the culture of the people who speak the language.

Finally, we know that language changes.It is natural and normal for language to change; the only languages which do not change are the dead ones.This is easy to understand if we look backward in time.Change goes on in all aspects of language.Grammatical features change as do speech sounds，and changes in vocabulary are sometimes very extensive and may occur very rapidly.Vocabulary is the least stable part of any language.

36. In the second paragraph the author thinks that

A. some backward race doesn’t have a language of its own.

B. some race in history didn’t possess a language of its own.

C. any human race, whether backward or not, has a language.

D. some races on earth call communicate without language.

37. According to the author, people of undeveloped cultures can have_ __ languages.

A. complicated

B. uncivilized

C. primitive

D. well-known

38. The author has used American Indian languages as an example to show that they are

A. just as old as some well-known languages.

B. just as sophisticated as some well-known languages.

C. more developed than some well-known languages.

D. more complex than some well-known languages.

39. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?

A. A language is a means of expressing a particular culture.

B. All languages can well express their respective cultures.

C. American Indian languages are as sophisticated as English.

D. Some languages are better than other languages.

40. According to the author, language changes are most likely to occur in

A. grammar.

B. pronunciation.

C. vocabulary.

D. intonation.

>>>>>>参考答案<<<<<<

第一篇：CBDBD

第二篇：CABDC

;

❷ 职称英语考试阅读理解的5种应试技巧

在职称英语考试中，阅读理解部分几乎是所有考生通过职称英语考试的“拦路虎”。许多考生在做阅读理解部分，常常觉得时间紧、答案选项迷惑性性大，因而很难及时又准确的选出答案。如何在没有足够时间进行深入阅读或文章太难看不懂的情况下答题呢?下面向大家介绍5种紧急情况下的应试技巧。

通过对历年的阅读理解题，我们发现在所列出的四个选项中也有一些规律可循的。如果考生能够了解并掌握这些规律就可以找到答题时的第六感，达到超常发挥的水平。如果考生来不及看文章，凭下面这些规律可以选出不少正确的选项。

1.答案项中有绝对语气词的一般不是正确答案。这些语气词有： must， always， never， the most， all， only， have to， any， no， very，completely， none， hardly等。

2.选项中含有不十分肯定的语气词一般是正确答案项。这些语气词有： can， could， may， should， usually， might， most(大多数)，more or less， relatively， be likely to， possible， whether or， not necessarily 等。

3.选项中照抄原文的一般不是答案项，而同义替换的一般是选项。

4.较全面、有针对性地表达文章中心思想的选项一般是答案项。

5.选项中表达意义较具体的、肤浅的(字面意思)一般不是答案项，而概括性的、抽象的、含义深刻的是答案项。

拓展阅读：2015年职称英语考试词汇选项做题必杀技

职称英语考试的过程中除了掌握一定的知识积累外，还需要掌握一些必要的做题技巧，这有利于我们提高做题效率。下面就看看怎么做职称英语词汇选项题吧。

必杀技：

准备一本正式出版的'英语同义词词典，拿到字典后，用标记纸在每个字母首页进行标记，方便在考试时查阅。具体形式请参看群资料。

教材练习不用做，把答案勾画出来，只需记住其中题目划线部分或者答案是词组的，其余不用看。

考试时看到有教材中的词组题则直接答上，其余的查词典。

详解：

职称英语考试允许带一本正式出版的，并非针对职称英语考试而编写的词典。而本题考核内容就是同义词(词组)，显然使用同义词典效率更高。

词组记忆相对容易而查词典找同义词组相对较困难，又因试题来自教材练习4-6题，所以必须记住教材中的词组题。教材词汇练习一共150题，其中有词组的也就20个左右，记住绝对没有困难;

因职称英语词汇数量有限，直接查同义词词典，一般前三个义项就会有答案。

❸ 中石油职称英语考试阅读理解精讲

Why To Mark a Book 怎样在书上做标记

1. You know you have to read "between the lines" to get the most out of anything. I want to persuade you to do something equally important in the course of your reading. I want to persuade you to "write between the lines." Unless you do, you are not likely to do the most efficient kind of reading.

1、你知道读书必须要阅读“字里行间的言外之意”，以求最充分的理解(to get the most out of anything)。我劝(persuade)你在读书过程中(in the course of your reading)做一件同等重要的事情(to do something equally important);我劝你“在字里行间里写字”。不这样做(unless)，就达不到最有效的阅读效果。

2. I contend, quite bluntly, that marking up a book is not an act of mutilation but love.

2、坦率地说，我认为(contend)，在书上涂抹标记(marking up a book)不是一种损毁行为(an act of mutilation)，而是爱。

3. You shouldn't mark up a book which isn't yours. Librarians (or your friends) who lend you books expect you to keep them clean, and you should. If you decide that I am right about the usefulness of marking books, you will have to buy them. Most of the world's great books are available today, in reprint editions, for a modest sum.

3、当然，你不应该(shouldn't)在不属于你的书上做标记。借给你书的图书管理员(或者你的朋友)希望你保持书的整洁，你应该这样做。如果你认为我说的在书上做标记颇有益处这番话是对的，你就得自己买书。现在，绝大部分世界上的好书都有再版(reprint edition)，我们很容易买到，并且价格合理(a modest sum)。

4. There are two ways in which you can own a book. The first is the property right you establish by paying for it, just as you pay for clothes, and furniture. But this act of purchase is only the prelude to possession. Full ownership comes only when you have made it a part of yourself, and the best way to make yourself a part of it is by writing in it. An illustration may make the point clear. You buy a beefsteak and transfer it from the butcher's icebox to your own. But you do not own the beefsteak in the most important sense until you consume it and get it into your bloodstream. I am arguing that books, too, must be absorbed in your bloodstream to do you any good.

4、一个人拥有书的方式有两种，第一种是花钱(by paying for it)取得(establish)财产所有权(property right)，就像(just as)你花钱买衣服和家具一样。但是，这种购买行为仅是拥有书的前提(prelude to possession)。只有你将它化为自己的一部分后，你才完全占有了它(full ownership comes);同时，把你自己融入书中的最好方法就是在书中写字(by writing in it)。打个比方可能使这个观点更清楚(An illustration may make the point clear)。你买了一块牛排(beefsteak)，把它从屠夫的冰箱里移到了你自己的冰箱里。但是，从最重要的意义上说(in the most important sense)，你并没有拥有这块牛排，除非你吃下它并将它吸收进你的血液(bloodstream)之中。我的观点是(I am arguing that)，书的营养也必须应该被“吸收到血液”中，才能对你有所裨益。

5. Confusion about what it means to own a book leads people to a false reverence for paper, binding, and type-a respect for the physical thing-the craft of the printer rather than the genius of the author. They forget that it is possible for a man to acquire that idea, to possess the beauty, which a great book contains, without staking his claim by pasting his bookplate inside the cover. Having a fine library doesn't prove that its owner has a mind enriched by books; it proves nothing more than that he, his father, or his wife, was rich enough to buy them.

5、对于“拥有书籍”的真正含义的(about what it means to own a book)误解(confusion)使人们错误地崇敬(a false reverence)纸张、装订和样式-这是对物质的崇敬(a respect for the physical thing)-是崇敬印刷工人的技艺(craft)，而不是书籍作者的才华。他们忘记了，即使不在(without)封面里贴上藏书票(by pasting his bookplate inside the cover)表明自己对书籍的拥有，人们也可以从一本伟大的著作中获得它的精神(to acquire that idea)，领略它的美丽(to possess the beauty)。一个好书房并不能证明它的主人学富五车;仅仅(nothing more than)说明他、他的父亲或是他的妻子有钱买书而已。

6. There are three kinds of book owners. The first has all the standard sets and best-sellers-unread, untouched. (This deluded indivial owns woodpulp and ink, not books.) The second has a great many books-a few of them read through, most of them dipped into, but all of them as clean and shiny as the day they were bought. (This person would probably like to make books his own, but is restrained by a false respect for their physical appearance.) The third has a few books or many every one of them dog-eared and dilapidated, shaken and loosened by continual use, marked and scribbled in from front to back. (This man owns books.)

6、书籍拥有者可以分为三种。第一种人拥有全部的标准成套书和畅销书(best-sellers)--既没读过，也没碰过(unread, untouched)。(这种人占有的只是纸浆和油墨，不是书籍。)第二种人藏书很多--其中几本(a few of them)被通读过(read through 仔细阅读)，大部分(most of them)则浅尝辄止(dip into 浏览, 稍加审视)，但是所有的书都跟新买时一样整洁光亮(as clean and shiny as the day they were bought)。(这种人可能想使书籍真地为其所用，但因错误地过分关注书籍的外观而裹足不前。第三种人藏书或多或少--因不断使用，每本书都书角卷起(dog-eared)，破旧不堪(dilapidated)，装订破损，书页松散(loosened)，全书从扉页至末页都画满了记号，涂满了字句(scribble)。(这种人才是书的真正拥有者。)

7. Is it false respect, you may ask, to preserve intact and unblemished a beautifully printed book, an elegantly bound edition? Of course not. I'd no more scribble all over a first edition of "Paradise Lost" than I'd give my baby a set of crayons and an original Rembrandt! I wouldn't mark up a painting or a statue. Its soul, so to speak, is inseparable from its body. And the beauty of a rare edition or of a richly manufactured volume is like that of a painting or a statue.

7、你可能要问，将一本印刷精美、装帧雅致的书保存完好，难道也是不恰当的吗?当然不是(of course not)。我绝不会在一本初版的《失乐园》上乱涂乱写(scribble)，就像我不会把一幅伦勃朗的原作连同一盒蜡笔交给我的孩子任意涂抹一样!(no more…than 与…同样不) 我决不会在一幅绘画或者一座雕像上做标记。可以说，它们的灵魂与它们的躯体是不可分的。(be inseparable from 不可与...分开) 精美的善本或丰富的卷册就像一幅绘画和一座雕像。

8. But the soul of a book can be separated from its body. A book is more like the score of a piece of music than it is like a painting. No great musician confuses a symphony with the printed sheet of music. Arturo Toscanini revered Brahms, but Toscanini's score of the C-minor Symphony was so thoroughly marked up that no one but the maestro himself could read it. The reason why a great conctor makes notations on his musical scores-marks them up again and again each time he returns to study them-is the reason why you should mark your books. If your respect for magnificent binding or typography gets in the way, buy yourself a cheap edition and pay your respects to the author.

8、但是，一本书的灵魂能够从它的躯体里分离出来。与其说它像一幅画(a printing)，还不如说它更像一首乐曲的总谱(the scroe of a piece of music; scroe【音乐】总谱;(电影等的)配乐; a piece of music 一段音乐;一首音乐;一首乐曲)。任何伟大的音乐家都不会将一首交响曲(a symphony)和一张印刷的乐谱相混淆。托斯卡尼尼非常崇敬(revere)博拉姆斯，但他的C小调交响曲的乐谱上画满了标记，以致(that)只有大师本人 (no noe but the maestro himself) 才能看懂。为什么一个伟大的指挥家(a great conctor)会在乐谱上做记号(make notations)-甚至每次研究都会重复标记-其中的奥妙正是你应该在书上做记号的原因。如果你对华美的(magnificent)装帧和印刷的尊重妨碍(get in the way)你读书的话，就给自己买一种便宜的版本，同时对书的作者表达敬意就可以了。

9. Why is marking up a book indispensable to reading? First, it keeps you awake. (And I don't mean merely conscious; I mean wide awake.) In the second place, reading, if it is active, is thinking, and thinking tends to express itself in words, spoken or written. That marked book is usually the thought-through book. Finally, writing helps you remember the thoughts you had, or the thoughts the author expressed.

9、为什么在阅读过程中在书上做标记是必不可少的(indispensable)呢?首先，它会使你保持清醒。(我指的不是仅仅神智清醒(merely conscious);我的意思是它能使你全神贯注(wide awake)。)其次(in the second place)，如果阅读(reading)是一种能动的行为，那么它就是思考，而想法(thinking)常常需借助口头的或书面的语言来表达出来。做过记号的书，通常是读者认真思考过的书(the thought-through book)。最后，写可以帮助你记住阅读时的思想，或作者所表达的思想。

10. If reading is to accomplish anything more than passing time, it must be active. You can't let your eyes glide across the lines of a book and come up with an understanding of what you have read. Now an ordinary piece of light fiction, like, say, Gone 14h'th the Wind, doesn't require the most active kind of reading. The books you read for pleasure can be read in a state of relaxation, and nothing is lost. But a great book, rich in ideas and beauty, a book that raises and tries to answer great fundamental questions, demands the most active reading of which you are capable. You don't absorb the ideas of John Dewey the way you absorb the songs of a popular singer. You have to reach for them. That you cannot do while you're asleep.

10、如果(你的)阅读的目的不仅仅是(more than)消磨时间(passing time)，那就应该是一种积极的思维活动，仅仅让你的眼睛在书上扫视一遍，你不可能对所读的'内容(what you have read)有所理解。当然，一部普通的消遣小说(light fiction)，比如说(like, say,)《飘》，并不需要那种最积极的思维式的阅读。作为消遣的书，可以轻松地读而不会有所失。但一本思想丰富、文字华美，试图提出(raise)带根本性的重大问题并加以回答的伟大著作，则要求你尽可能地进行(of which you are capable; be capable of v.能够)最积极的阅读。你不可能像欣赏(absorb)流行歌曲那样领略(absorb)杜威的思想。你要花力气才能获得，漫不经心是做不到的。

11. If, when you've finished reading a book, the pages are filled with your notes, you know you read actively. The most famous active reader of great books I know was President Hutchins, of the University of Chicago. He also had the hardest schele of business activities of any man I know. He invariably read with a pencil, and sometimes, when he picked up a book and pencil in the evening, he found himself, instead of making intelligent notes, drawing what he called "caviar factories" on the margins. When that happened, he put the book down. He knew he was too tired to read, and was just wasting time.

11、如果，你读完一本书的时候，书页上写满了你的批注(your notes)，你就知道自己的阅读是积极的(actively)。我知道的最有名的采用积极方式阅读伟大著作的人(the most famous active reader of great books)是芝加哥大学的校长哈金斯。他也是我所知道的公务最繁忙的人(the hardest schele of business activities of any man)。他读书时总是(invariably= always)拿着铅笔。有时，当他在晚上拿起书和铅笔的时候，发觉自己并没有(instead of)在做有意义的笔记(intelligent notes)，而是在页边空白处(on the margins)乱涂乱画一些他称之为“鱼子酱工厂”(caviar factories)的东西。一出现这种情况，他就会放下书本。他知道自己太累了以致读不下去，(再继续看书)完全是在浪费时间。

练习:

1.I want to persuade you _______ something equally important in the course of your reading.

A doing B to do C to doing D have done

2. There are two ways _____ you can own a book.

A by which B of which C in which D with which

3. I am arguing that books must _____ your bloodstream to do you any good.

A absorb in B be absorbed in C soak in D suck in

4. Confusion about ____ it means to own a book leads people to a false reverence for paper, binding and type—the craft of printer rather than the genius of the author.

A which B that C what D whose

5. They forget that it is possible for a man to acquire that idea, to possess the beauty, which a great book contains, without _____ his claim by ____ his bookplate inside the cover.

A starting, pasting B staking, passing C staking, pasting D stake, paste

6. Having a fine library doesn’t prove that its owner has a mind _____ by books.

A rich B colorful C enriching D enriched

7. The second has a great many books--a few of them read through, most of them ____, but all of them as clean and shiny as they ____.

A dipped into, bought B dip into, were bought

C dip into, buy D dipped into, were bought

8. A book is _____ like the score of a piece of music _____ it is like a painting.

A no more, than B more, than C same, as D too, to

9. Why is marking up a book ____ to reading?

A dependable B indispensable C dependent D disposal

10. A book that raises and tries to answer great fundamental questions, demands the most active reading _____ you are capable.

A to which B of which C by which D to what

答案： 1B 2C 3B 4C 5C 6D 7D 8B 9B 10B

❹ 职称英语解题技巧：领会作者的观点、意图和态度

与掌握所读材料的主旨和大意类似，领会作者的观点、意图和态度也是阅读理解题中较难解答的问题。回答这类题首先要在阅读过程中注意体会和觉察作者的观点、意图和态度。这种信息有时是直接表达的，但更多的是间接、含蓄的流露。不过，作者的这种主观情感和态度往往和全文的主题和要点相关联。所以，在根据主题和主旨的同时，应注意揣测作者的观点、意图和态度。
下面是这类题的一些常用的提问方式：
1. The author's main purpose in this passage is
2. The author's purpose of writing this passage is __
3. In this passage the author's attitude toward ...could best be described as
4. What is the author's attitude toward
5. The author's main thought is that __
6. The author probably feels that
7. The author appears to feel that
8. Which of the following does the author want to illustrate in discussing ...?
9. In this passage the author looks on ... with an attitude of
10. What is the tone of the passage?
11. What is the author's opinion about ...?
12. The author uses the example of... to show that ________
例1
I entered the hotel manager’s office and sat down. I had just lost £50 and I felt very upset. "I left the money in my room," I said, "and it's not there now." The manager was sympathetic, but he could do nothing. "Everyone's losing money these days." he said. He started to complain about this wicked world but was interrupted by a knock at the door. A girl came in and put an envelope on his desk. It contained £50. "I found this outside this gentleman's room." she said. "Well, "I said to the manager, "there is still some honesty in this world!"
1. What did the writer believe had happened to his money?
A. He had left his money in the manager's office.
B. Someone had stolen his money.
C. The manager had the money.
D. The girl had stolen the money.
作者说：“I left the money in my room，and it’s not there now”，这句话的含义就是 “He believed that someone had stolen his money”。因此，选项B是正确答案。
例2
We find that bright children are rarely held back by mixed-ability teaching. On the contrary, both their knowledge and experience are enriched. We feel that there are many disadvantages in streaming pupils. It does not take into account the fact that children develop at different rates. It can have a bad effect on both the bright and the not-so-bright child. After all, it can be quite discouraging to be at the bottom of the top grade!
Besides, it is rather unreal to grade people just according to their intellectual ability. This is only one aspect of their total personality. We are concerned to develop the abilities of all our pupils to the full, not just their academic ability. We also value personal qualities and social skills, and we find that mixed-ability teaching contributes to all these aspects of learning.
In our classrooms, we work in various ways. The pupils often work in groups: this gives them the opportunity to learn to co-operate, to share, and to develop leadership skills. They also learn how to cope with personal problems as well as learning how to think, to make decisions, to analyze and evaluate, and to communicate effectively. The pupils learn from each other as well as from the teacher.
Sometimes the pupils work in pairs; sometimes they work on indivial tasks and assignments, and they can do this at their own speed. They also have some formal class teaching when this is appropriate. We encour~/ge our pupils to use the library, and we teach them the skills they need in order to do this efficiently. An advanced pupil can do advanced work: it does not matter what age the child is. We expect our pupils to do their best, not their least, and we give them every encouragement to attain this goal.
1. In the passage the author's attitude towards "mixed-ability teaching" is ________
A. critical B. questioning
C. approving D. objective
本题考核学生是否读懂作者对混合编班的态度。要回答该问题，首先要清楚四个选项的不同含义。选项A表示作者持“批评的”态度，选项B表示作者持“怀疑的”态度，选项C表示作者持“赞同的”态度，选项D表示作者持“客观的”态度。根据文章的第一段内容，可以看出作者是持“赞同的”态度，所用的人称代词也是we，因此答案是选项C。如果是持“客观的”态度的话，则人称代词不会用we。
2. The author argues that a teacher's chief concern should be the development of the student's _______.
A. personal qualities and social skills
B. total personality
C. learning ability and communicative skills
D. intellectual ability
本题要求根据文章的意思推测作者的观点。根据第二段的内容，可以看出学生的total personality(总体素质)包括了academic ability or intellectual ability, personal qualities和 social skills。也就是说这些能力都是total personality的方方面面。再看一下这一段的第二；三两句，可以得出正确的答案应该是选项8。其他几个选项的意思都不全面，都不能反映作者的充分开发学生的全面能力的主张。
3. The author’s purpose of writing this passage is to______.
A. argue for teaching bright and not—SO-bright pupils in the same class
B. recommend pair work and group work for classroom activities
C. offer advice on the proper use of the library
D. emphasize the importance of appropriate formal classroom teaching
本题要求读者了解作者写这篇文章的意图是什么。文章讨论了两种上课的方式： streaming pupils把学生按能力分班进行教学，和mixed—ability teaching把程度不齐的学生混班上课。并对比列举了前者的弊端和后者的种种优点。因此A项是正确的答案。而选项B、c、D中提到的几种做法均为mixed．ability teachin9的具体做法，都不能看做是作者写这篇文章的目的。这个题目要看懂全文才能够答对。

❺ 职称英语概括大意题目提点及答题技巧

题目特点

概括大意与完成句子是职称英语考试的第三大题型，共有8道小题，每题l分，总计8分。这两种题型一般放到同一篇文章中去考查。概括大意的题目有4道，主要考查考生归纳段落主题思想的能力;完成句子的题目有4道，主要考查考生掌握短文细节内容的能力。下面将介绍解题步骤及相关解题技巧。

概括大意这个题型要求考生学会抓主旨大意，与传统的阅读理解选择题的主旨题类似(可参照第三周阅读理解部分主旨题的解法)。解答这类题时，首先要找的是每段的主题句。

按照英文的行文规律：段落的主题句在第一句的可能性超过50%，段落的主题句在第二句的可能性为20%，段落的主题句在最后一句的可能性超过腊游20%。也就是说，按照上述方法做这种题型，读完一段话的第一句，就能在选项中找出该段话的小标题，这种可能性超过50%。整段话都需要阅读的可能性不到l0%。如果首句为一个问句，往往此问句的答案为段落的'主题句;如果段落的第二句为转折词(如however，but等)，则主题思想常为转折后的内容。

考点分析

我们先来看看历年考试的情况：

2016年职称英语卫生类C级概括大意题目特点及解题技巧

从考试分析可以看出：

1.关于概括大意部分的四个题目，多数的段落都有主题句(一般在首句和尾句)，所以考生要注意联系段落的首句和尾句来选择答案;少数段落没有主题句，需要考生依据关键词进行总结。

2.关于完成句子的四个题目，多数都可以利用题干关键词直接定位到原句后完成句子，

技巧点拨

一、概括大意技巧点拨

正向解题法：

技巧1：利用段落主题句来概括段落大意

段落主题句是一段的大意所在，一般出现在段首或段尾，考生可以利用段落的首尾旬进行概括大意，从而从备小标题中很快找到答案。从历年考试分析看，段落主题句一般都出现在句首。

技巧2：利用段落重点词句来概括段落大意。

有些段落没有主题句，必须阅读整段才能找出其大意。如果受英语水平的限制阅读整个段落有困难，应重点阅读段落中的如下内容：

1)反复出现的词

2)括号里的词

3)引号里的词

4)黑体字

5)斜体字

逆向解题法：

技巧1：利用选项来定位主题句

备选项中的特征词或细节信息词通常应该直接出现在段落中，并且成为段落主题词，因而也可以利用在段落中定位备选小标题中的核心词，从而判断备选小标题是哪一段的大意概括。概括大意的解题步骤：

1)先看选项，寻找关键词，确定所考段落。这样有助于寻找选项关键词，它有可能与某段的核心词汇重合。如果重合，那该选项可能就是正确答案。

2)先读该段话的第一句，然后与选项列表中的各选项一一对应，确定正确答案。正确选项一般是对这句话的改写。如果答案不能确定，答薯应再读该段话的第二句;然轮举销后，与选项列表中的各选项一一对应。如果答案还是不能确定，应再读该段话的最后一句，再对应选项，如果还是找不着正确的答案，则就需要阅读整个段落了。

3)某个段落的答案确定后，将它的选项从选项列表中画去。每个选项最多只能用一次，也就是说，不可能两个段落的小标题是一个选项。因此一个段落的答案确定后，将它的选项从选项列表中画去，以免被误选为其他段落的小标题。这样在选其他段落的答案时，可以不看该选项，以便节省时间。

4)如果答案不确定，先将可能正确的选项全部选出。如果一个段落的答案不确定，应将它们先都选出来，写在题目的旁边，再往下做。这样做的好处是，下面某一段的答案确定后，便能推断出上面段落的答案来，因为不可能两个段落的小标题是一个选项。

例如：第二段的答案可能是B或D，但你能够确定第四段的答案是D，第二段的答案就是B了。

5)区分段落主旨与细节，免受干扰项误导。干扰选项的特点是：段落中未展开详细的说明。作为干扰选项出现的常常是段落中提到的细节，而不是段落的主旨。这更说明做这种题要抓住段落的主题旬，而不是整个段落。否则，特别容易受到干扰选项的误导。

6)看主题句选用恰当适合的方式。如果主题句比较复杂(如复合句)，应重点看主句部分;如果主题句中有show，suggest等词，应重点看其后的宾语从句。有时主题旬是比较复杂的复合旬，如果理解有困难，应集中精力看主句部分，正确答案往往来自主句。

二、完成句子技巧点拨

该题的关键是要先用题干关键词回到原文定位，再将题干与原文进行对比，从而确定横线上所要填写的内容。

由于考试时间所限，该题要求考生有快速将题干在原文中定位的能力。定位原文时，一定要了解哪些信息适合作为定位原文的线索词，从而提高定位的速度。

正向定位法：

*利用数字信息定位

*利用人名、地名等大写字母开头的单词定位

*利用生词以及专有名词定位

*利用题干中的核心词定位

逆向定位法：

*利用题目顺序与段落顺序一致原则定位

阅读判断的出题顺序和原文的顺序基本一致，即第一题的答案应在文章的前部，第二题的答案应在第一题的答案之后。这个规律有助于考生确定答案的位置。

完成句子解题步骤

1)先看题干并利用其中的关键词在原文中定位与题干相似的句子。

2)根据所定位的原句来确定题干中所要填写的内容。

比较题干和所定位到的原句，并且联系选项表中所给的待选项，从而确定原句缺失的内容，也就是完成句子所要填写的内容。

3)某个段落的答案确定后，将它的选项从选项列表中画去。

每个选项最多只能用一次，也就是说，不可能两个段落的小标题是一个选项。因此一个段落的答案确定后，要将它的选项从选项列表中画去，以免被误选为其他段落的小标题。这样在选其他段落的答案时，可以不看该选项，以便节省时间。

❻ 2017职称英语卫生类A级阅读理解精讲(2)

2017年职称英语卫生类A级阅读理解精讲(2)

阅读理解(共15题，每题3分，共45分)

考查应试者对文章主旨和细节信息的理解能力。本部分为3篇文章，每篇300-450词，每篇文章后有5道题。要求应试者根据文章的内容，从每题所给的4个选项中选择1个答案。

应对策略：

首先要重点掌握教材上的阅读理解的重点文章的背诵，来抓住出自教材上的分数，这是顺利通过考试很关键的一步。

同时充分利用老桐乱师在课上讲的解题技巧，如大标题做题法、红花绿叶原则、顺序出题原则、关键词回归定位法通过做模拟试题来进行解题技巧的演练和应用。

在做题时要注意：搞清主旨题、细节题、推理题银燃、逻辑关系题、观点态度题。注意标题、首尾段、首尾句、逻辑关局搏档系处、细节处等出题点;在阅读时见到日期、数量等要先做好标记，这样有重点有理有节的解题，才有可能取得满意的成绩。

短文后有5道题，每题后面有4个选项。请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题，从4个选项中选择1个答案。

‍

Caffeine

Caffeine is probably the most widely used drug in the world. Humans have been consuming caffeine for hundreds of years, primarily in the form of coffee, tea, and cocoa. Habitual coffee and tea drinkers had long been observed to have a lower incidence of non-melanoma(黑色素瘤) skin cancers, although no one knew why. A recent study found that caffeine affects skin cells damaged by ultraviolet radiation, a main cause of skin cancer. Caffeine interferes with a protein that cancerous cells need to survive, leaving the damaged cells to die before they become cancerous. Drinking caffeinated coffee has also been associated with a decreased incidence of endometrial(予宫内膜的) cancer - that is, cancer of the cells lining the uterus - The strongest effect appears to be in overweight women, who are at greatest risk for the disease. Researchers believe blood sugar, fat cells, and estrogen(雌性激素) may play a role. Although the mechanism remains unknown, people who drink more than two cups of coffee or tea a day reportedly have about half the risk of developing chronic liver disease as those who drink less than one cup of coffee daily; caffeinated coffee has also been associated with lowered risk of cirrhosis(肝硬化) and liver cancer.

While many of caffeine's undesirable effects, such as elevated heart rate and blood pressure, are brief, some short-term benefits, including pain relief, increased alertness, and increased physical enrance, have also been attributed to caffeine. As a component of numerous over-the-counter diet pills and pain relievers, caffeine increases their effectiveness and helps the body absorb them more quickly. By constricting(收缩) blood vessels in the brain, it can alleviate headaches - even migraines(偏头痛) – and can help counter the drowsiness(眩晕)caused by antihistamines(抗组胺药).

Caffeine does not alter the need for sleep, but it does offer a temporary solution to fatigue for people who need to stay alert. Research has shown that sleep-deprived indivials who consumed caffeine had improved memory and reasoning abilities, at least in the short term. Studies of runners and cyclists have shown that caffeine can improve their stamina - hence its addition to energy-boosting sports drinks.

People who consume a lot of caffeine regularly may develop temporary withdrawal symptoms, headache being the most common, if they quit or cut back on it abruptly. Fortunately, these symptoms last only a day or two in most cases. Indivials who are more sensitive to the stimulatory side effects of caffeine may want to avoid it, but most doctors agree that the equivalent of three cups of coffee a day does not harm healthy people. There is no medical basis to give up daily caffeine and many reasons to include a moderate amount in one's diet.

36. Drinking coffee or tea may help

A. lower the incidence of being overweight.

B. lower the incidence of non-melanoma skin cancer.

C. increase the incidence of endometrial cancer.

D. increase the incidence of liver cancer.

【答案】：B

37. Caffeine is used to

A. rece high blood pressure.

B. relieve headaches.

C. cure liver cancer.

D. treat skin cancer.

【答案】：B

38. Some athletes use caffeine to

A. improve their speed.

B. increase their enrance.

C. maintain their alertness.

D. relax their muscles.

【答案】：B

39. Caffeine withdrawal symptoms

A. can become an ongoing problem.

B. may last as long as a week.

C. are weight loss and mental disorder.

D. are usually short-lived.

【答案】：D

40. Drinking three cups of coffee a day

A. may not be recommended by most doctors.

B. is harmful to healthy people.

C. will probably not cause problems.

D. may benefit sensitive people.

【答案】：C

❼ 医学职称英语考试技巧

随着跨学科的发展越来越有优势，现在很多医学专业的本科生都开始考英语专业的研究生了，从而让自己的前途和晋升通道越来越广阔，那么医学类职称英语考试技巧都有哪些呢，一起来看看吧。
1.学好语法，奠定基础
一定要去理解句子的语法结构，职称英语考试的语法是比较简单的。
2.广泛阅读，提高词汇量和语感
使用英汉字典和理解里面的内容，让你的词汇量达到医学类职称英语等级考试A类的词汇量，同时还可以提高语感能力。
3.不断检查并巩固所学的知识
可以使用医学类职称英语等级大纲中的软件来测试你的词汇量，并在规定的时间完成大纲中的模拟考试，看看你能得多少分。
4.充分利用在考场上的时间
阅读理解部分可能会比较难，但要着重保证这部分题目的得分率，所以要在这一题型下狠功夫，保证自己不用查字典就可以理解文章。
关于单词和短语的多项选择题，有时会出现混淆。这是因为自己对单词和短语理解得不是很透彻，需要查字典来确保答案的准确性。
所以考试时查字典的时间主要花在词汇问题上，以确保能提高分数。
5.利用惯性定律，通过考试
如果你第一年通过了C类或B类，那么第二年考B类或A类就容易多了。
也不需要花很多时间复习，因为你已经知道了技巧和方法。
6.平时学会记单词，提高词汇量
利用单词的前后缀关系和词根来速记大量的英语单词，同时记住相关英语的单词或词组，这样效率会高很多。

❽ 职称英语阅读：第四讲如何做词汇理解题

在职称考试中经常会出现一些词汇性选择题。词汇性选择题主要是考察考生对一个词汇或短语在特定语言环境下的确切含义。所考的词汇主要有两类： 一类是超出大纲词汇表的词汇漏凯耐，以前没有见过的新词，要求考生根据上下文猜测出它的确切含义。另一类是熟词僻义或者是旧词新义（即原来学过的词在新的语言环境下另有新义）。在这种情况下，考生以前知道的常规词义往往都不是解。有的考生想通过查阅词典来找出答案。实践证明，对于这种考题，查阅词典往往无济于事。考生一定要切记：只有根据上下文才能选出具体的，合乎文章内容的正确词义。因此考生在解题时，首先要对文章上下文有一个正确的理解，利用文章中所给出的线索或暗示来推断词义。根据上下文推断词义主要有以下几种方法：
（1）孙樱 利用定义和释义
有时在一篇文章中，作者估计到某个词或词组读者可能不熟悉，就常常在这个词或短语后面直接给出定义或换一种说法进行解释。例如：
They need to make their income meet the cost of living; so many people plan a family budget. A budget is a list of monthly expenses．
Experts in kinetics, in their study of body motions as related to speech, hope to discover new methods of communication.
He was a very astute buyer, estimating values very carefully and never allowing himself to be deceived.
Sociology is the term used to describe the scientific study of human society.
These medical students have decided to become pediatricians, that is, doctors specializing in the care and diseases of children.
A jetty——a wall built out into the water, protects the harbor.
To boycott a store means to refuse to shop in the store.
Jane is indecisive, that is, she can't make up her mind.
I thought they were old-fashioned, thinking too much of old ways and ideas.
Hausa, namely a language of the Sudan, is widely used as a trade language throughout western Africa.
An autobiography is the story of a person's life written by himself.
Holography, or three-dimensional photography, has many instrial applications.
返春Every once in a while in some part of the world or another, the ground suddenly shakes, and we call the event an earthquake.
Carbon monoxide （co） is a noxious gas which can cause death.
He had a wan look. He was so pale and weak that we thought he was ill.
Should the government regulate the cost of resources such as oil and gas? Some people do not believe that government control is the solution to the problem of the rising cost of fuel.
（2） 利用同义词或反义词
反义词前通常有but ,however, not, yet, while, although, nevertheless, unlike, instead, in contrast等信号词。
His naiveté, or innocence, was obvious.
My sister Kathy is lively and outgoing, however, I am rather introverted.
Mary was jubilant but Jane was sorrowful.
Danny was hesitant whereas Jean leaned forward eagerly.
Her shirt was clean but her shoes were grubby.
American businessmen expect employees to be punctual. They do not expect that the workers will come late.
Their friends laughed at them, and my sisters felt wretched, very unhappy.
It has an enormous, a very powerful influence on our lives.
In an aging person the new cells may not be as viable or as capable of growth as those of a young man.

❾ 职称英语考试技巧有哪些

职称英语考试技巧一。熟记高频词汇。

所以如果我们在复习中把一些核心词、高频词都掌握住，应该说被选项对我们来说，不是问

题，而且是很快就可以拿到分值的题。

职称英语考试技巧二。查词典。

另外在考试中是允许带字典的，如果有的考场中可以带两本字典的话，我建议得到带这样两

种字典，一本是朗文英汉双解字典，。另外一本是牛津英语的词汇选项的字典。因为我们的

词汇选项题就是要求你找出与划线词同义的选项。一般来说我们知道英文中都是多义词，但

是我统计了一下，从历年考试来看，在词汇选项中有这种多义的词出现，但是大部分还是单

一的义，也就是说你只要翻查一下同义词辞典，找出这个单词在辞典上的意思，跟它相呼应

的同义词，就能够找出答案，当然这只是给大家一个提示，我还是希望大家首先凭借自己的

能力来答题，这是词汇选项题。

希望这篇关于词汇选项题的职称英语考试技巧能够帮助大家顺利通过

2010

年职称英语考试。

职称英语考试技巧一。放在最后来答题。

阅读判断题是一种新的题型，

这种题型从出题难度上来，

这种题型本身是从阅读理解上来的，

问题难度没有阅读理解难，因为整个一篇试卷通常都是从易到难，阅读判断自己我们试卷上

的第一篇与文章相关的题型，从它的难度上来说要低于阅读理解，而且分值不高。整个题型

才

7

分，而且这部分总是从书外选题，所以我建议大家可以把这个放在最后来答，那么最后

实在没有时间了，全填

A

或者

B

，全选正确或者是错误，这样至少拿到三到四分的分数。

职称英语考试技巧二。注意文章细节。

阅读判断放到后面来答，也有一些解题技巧，我总结了一下历年来的考题，阅读判断一般来

说针对文章细节中的一些考题，要求考生去查找，问题设置的语句就是针对某些文章中的细

节信息，或者就是根据某个句子来设计的。所以我们只要运用一定的解题技巧，根据问题中

的用词，或者是相对应的结构，直接找到句子当中，往往就能判断出答案来。

❿ 中石油职称英语

你是否想过聆听也有对错之分?至今，很少有人思考过这个问题。下面是我整理的中石油职称英语阅读理解材料，欢迎阅读!

4. Take Janet, for instance.

4、以简尼特为例。

5. It came as a horrid shock to her to learn on the way to Sunday school one morning that she was to have read certain chapters in the Bible and be prepared with a little talk on them that day. And no wonder Janet was surprised. She thought she had been listening in class the week before. But apparently the words had bounced right off her ears. Why? How had she listened wrong?

5、一天早晨，在去教会的周日学校的路上，她突然记起她应该要读过《圣经》中的几个章节，并且还要准备好在那天就这几个章节作一个小小的发言，这让她非常震惊。也难怪简尼特有此反应。(And no wonder Janet was surprised.)她以为一个星期前自己在课堂上认真听讲，但很显然，这些话只是从她耳边掠过。为什么?她错在哪里?(过去完成进行明察时had been doing; 过去完成时had+过去分词)