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高考英语议论文阅读结构题目

发布时间: 2023-05-14 11:57:58

① 高考英语阅读有一种篇章结构题,就是比如问第一段写来是干什么用的。

首先,你问题中的这个题是
真题
吗?
高考英语阅读涉及结构的题目是
2009
北京卷
C


2008
北京卷
E
段。相较於真题,模
考题
逻辑不够严谨,选项设计欠
周严
,所以不建议你花过多时间在模考题上。

② 【考试必备】高中英语阅读理解解题技巧超强分析!

【 #英语资源# 导语】高中英语在高考总成绩中占据150分的分值,很多高中同学都误认为只要基础知识掌握牢固就万事OK了,其实,高中英语的解题更需要一定的技巧,掌握高效的解题技巧能够事半功倍,轻松应对高考英语难题。 为大家整理了高考英语阅读理解部分的答题技巧解析,希望能帮助到大家学习。




通过详细分析历年高考英语试卷,我们可将阅读理解分为以下几种题型:主旨大意题,细节理解题,推理判断题(含写作意图、目的等),词义猜测题。英语阅读理解题的技巧与策略是学生提高阅读理解多需要具备的。


一、 主旨大意题


这类题在设题时常会用到title, subject, main idea, topic, theme等词。


1.归纳标题题


特点:短小精悍,一般多为一个短语;涵盖性强,一般能覆盖全文意思;精确性强,表达范围要恰当,不能随意改变语意程度或色彩。常见命题形式有:


What’s the best title for the text?


The best title for this passage is ___.


Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?


2. 概括大意题


包括寻找段落大意(topic)和文章中心思想(main idea),常见命题形式有:


What is the general/main idea of the passage? Which of the following expresses the main idea? What is the subject discussed in the text?


BThe writer of the story wants to tell us that_____. The passage/ text is mainly about_____. What’s the article mainly about ?


解题技巧


阅读理解文章多是议论文和说明文 ,这两种文体的结构可归纳为:绝仿悄提出问题——论述问题——得出结论或者阐明观点。对于这类文章,抓主题句是快速掌握文章大意的主要方法。主题句一般出现在文章的开头或结尾。主题句具有简洁性、概括性的特点。主题句在文章中的位置主要有以下几种情况。


位于段首 :一般而言,以演绎法撰写的文章,主题句往往在文章的开头,即先点出主题,然后围绕这一主题作具体的陈述。判断第一句是否为主题句,可具体分析段落的首并渣句与第二,三句的关系;如果从第二句就开始大信对第一句进行说明,论述或描述,那第一句就是主题句。有些段落,在主题句后面有明显引出细节的信号词,如for example, an example of; first, second, next, last, finally; to begin with, also, besides; one, the other; some, others等。在阅读中应尽量利用上述信号词来确定主题句的位置。


位于段尾 :有些文章会在开头列举事实, 然后通过论证阐述作者的核心论点。因此,如果第一句话不是概括性的或综合性的话,快速读一读段落的最后一个句子,看看它是否具备主题句的特征。如果它具备主题句的特征,段落的主题思想就很容易确定了。一般说来,当一种观点不易向人解释清楚或不易被人接受时,主题句便会到段落的末尾才出现。学生可以充分利用引出结论的信号词。如so,therefore,thus,consequently;in conclusion,in short;in a word, to sum up等来确定主题句的位置在段尾。当无明显的此类信号时,学生可在段落的最后一句话前面添加一个引出结论的信号词,以确定其是否是主题句。


位于段中 :有时段落是先介绍背景和细节,接着用一句综合或概括性的话概括前面所说的内容或事例,然后再围绕主题展开对有关问题的深入讨论。这种文章的主题句往往会在段落中间出现。归纳起来主要有两种情况:先提出问题,然后给予回答(主题句),最后给予解释;或者,先提出问题,然后点出主题思想(主题句),最后给予解释。


首尾呼应 :主题句在段落的开头和结尾两个位置上先后出现,形成前呼后应的格局。这两个主题句叙说的是同一个内容,但用词不尽相同,这样不但强调了主题思想,而且显得灵活多变。这两个句子并非简单重复,后一个主题句或对该主题作最后的评述,或对要点作一概括,或使之引申留给读者去思考。


无明确主题句 :找关键词(出现频率较高), 归纳总结。


注意


新题型中有一个选项是干扰项,解答此类题时同学易犯以下三种错误:


(1)表述过于片面,只涵盖该段个别细节;


(2)表述太过于笼统,已经超出该段的内容;


(3)表述与段落内容无关,在段落中找不到相关依据


二、细节理解题


考查内容主要涉及时间、地点、人物、事件、原因、结果、数字等议论文中例证细节和定义类细节。这类题目的共同特点是:答案一般都能在文章中找到。当然,答案并不一定是文章中的原句,考生需要根据文章提供的信息自己组织语句回答问题。


1.事实细节题→寻读法


分为直接理解题和间接理解题,前者常用who, what, which, when, where, why和how提问,或判断正误;后者需与原文信息转换,表达上与原文有差异。常见命题形式有:


What can we learn from the passage?


All the following are mentioned except


Which of the following is mentioned (not mentioned)?


Which of the following statements is true/right/false/wrong about…?


2. 排列顺序题→首尾定位法(找出第一个事件和最后一个事件,用排除法缩小范围)


常出现在记叙文和说明文中,一般按事件发生的顺序。常见命题形式有:


Which of the following is the correct order of…? Which of the following shows the path of signals described in Paragraph…?


3. 图文匹配题→按图索骥理清线索


设题形式:给出图表,根据图表提问问题。


4. 数字计算题→(方法:审题→带着问题找细节→对比、分析、计算)


可直接找到相关细节,但需经过计算方可找到答案。


三、推理判断题


主要考查学生对文章中隐含或深层的含意的理解能力。 它要求考生根据文章内容做出合乎逻辑的推断,包括考生对作者观点的理解,态度的判断,对修辞、语气、隐含意思等的理解。题干关键词:infer(推断),indicate(象征,暗示), imply/suggest(暗示), conclude(作出结论), assume(假定,设想).


1.细节推理判断题


一般可根据短文提供的信息或借助生活常识进行推理判断,常见命题形式有:


It can be inferred/ concluded from the text that __________.


The author implies/ suggests that_____.


We may infer that _________.


Which of the following statements is implied but NOT stated?


2.预测推理判断题


根据语篇对文章接下来的内容或可能的结局进行猜测,常见命题形式有: What do you think will happen if/when…?


At the end of this passage, the writer might continue to write_____


3.推测文章来源或读者对象


常见命题形式有:


The passage is probably take out of_____


The passage would most likely be found in_____


Where does this text probably come from?


4.写作意图、目的、态度推断题


作者的语气态度往往不会直接写在文章里,只能通过细读文章,从作者的选词及其修饰手段中体会出来。


询问写作目的的题,选项里常出现的词是: explain(解释), prove (证明), persuade(劝说), advise(劝告), comment(评论), praise(赞扬), criticize(批评), entertain(娱乐), demonstrate(举例说明), argue(辩论), tell(讲述), analyze(分析)等。


询问语气态度的题,选项里常出现的词是: neutral(中立的), sympathetic(同情的), satisfied(满意的), friendly(友好的), enthusiastic(热情的), subjective(主观的), objective(客观的), matter-of-fact(实事求是的), pessimistic(悲观的), optimistic(乐观的), critical(批评的), doubtful(怀疑的), hostile(敌对的), indifferent(冷淡的), disappointed(失望的)。


常见命题形式有:


The purpose of the text is_____


What is the main purpose of the author writing the text? By mentioning…, the author aims to show that_____


What is the author’s attitude towards…?


What is the author’s opinion on…?


The author’s tone in this passage is _____.


解答技巧


推断题是考查学生透过文章表面的文字信息进行分析、综合、归纳等逻辑推理的能力。推理和判断必须以事实为依据,切莫主观臆断。


①那些文章中直接陈述的内容不能选,要选择根据文章推理出来的选项。


②推理不是凭空猜测,而是立足已知推断未知;作出正确答案时一定要在文中找到依据或理由。


③要忠实于原文,以文章提供的事实和线索为依据。不能以自己的观点代替作者的想法;不要脱离原文主观臆断。


四、词义猜测题


考点:


①猜测某个词、词组、句子的意义


②对文中的多义词或词组进行定义


③判断某个代词的指代的对象。常见命题形式有:


The underlined word/phrase in the second paragraph means _____.


The word “it/they” in the last sentence refers to______.


The word “…”(Line 6. para.2)probably means ______.


The word “…”(Line 6. para.2)could best be replaced by which of the following?


Which of the following is closest in meaning to the word “…” ?


解答技巧


1.通过因果关系猜词通过因果关系猜词


首先是找出生词与上下文之间的逻辑关系,然后才能猜词。有时文章借助关联词(如because,as,since,for,so,thus,as a result,of course,therefore等等)表示前因后果。


例如:You shouldn't have blamed him for that,for it wasn't his fault. 通过for引出的句子所表示的原因(那不是他的错),可猜出blame的词义是"责备"。


2.通过同义词和反义词的关系猜词


通过同义词猜词 ,一是要看由and或or连接的同义词词组,如happy and *,即使我们不认识*这个词,也可以知道它是愉快的意思;二是看在进一步解释的过程中使用的同义词,如Man has known something about the planets Venus,Mars,and Jupiter with the help of spaceships. 此句中的Venus(金星)、Mars(火星)、Jupiter(木星)均为生词,但只要知道planets就可猜出这几个词都属于"行星"这一义域。


通过反义词猜词 ,一是看表转折关系的连词或副词,如but,while,however等;二是看与not搭配的或表示否定意义的词语,如:He is so homely,not at all as handsome as his brother.根据not at all...handsome我们不难推测出homely的意思,即不英俊、不漂亮的意思。


3.通过构词法猜词


根据前缀、后缀、复合、派生等构词知识判断生词词义。如:She is unlikely to have stolen the money. ( “un”含否定意义,故为“不太可能”之意。)


4.通过定义或释义关系来推测词义


例如:But sometimes,no rain falls for a long,long time. Then there is a dry period,or drought. 从drought所在句子的上文我们得知很久不下雨,于是便有一段干旱的时期,即drought,由此可见drought意思为"久旱","旱灾"。而a dry period和drought是同义语。这种同义或释义关系常由is,or,that is,in other words,be called或破折号等来表示。


5.通过句法功能来推测词义


例如:Bananas,oranges,pineapples,coconuts and some other kind of fruit grow in warm areas.假如pineapples和coconuts是生词,我们可以从这两个词在句中所处的位置来判断它们大致的意思。从句中不难看出pineapples,coconuts和bananas,oranges是同类关系,同属fruit类,因此它们是两样水果,准确地说,是菠萝和椰子。


6.通过描述猜词


描述即作者对该人或该物作出的外在相貌或内在特征的描写。例如:The penguin is a kind of sea bird living in the South Pole. It is fat and walks in a funny way. Although it cannot fly,it can swim in the icy water to catch the fish.从例句的描述中可以得知penguin是一种生活在南极的鸟类。后面更详尽地描述了该鸟类的生活习性。


7. 根据常识猜词


如:The door was so low that he hit his head on the lintel.(lintel “过梁”。)


Afraid of waking the baby up, she tiptoed out of the room.(tiptoed “踮着脚走,蹑手蹑脚”)

③ 高考英语阅读理解题解题技巧详解

高考英语阅读理解题解题技巧详解

英语阅读理解题的难度在不断增大,考生们也大多知难而进。下面是我为大家带来的高考英语阅读理解题解题技巧,欢迎阅读。

一、四选一型阅读

高考阅读不同文体按照题型分类主要分为五大类:细节题、推理题、主旨大意题、词义句意猜测题、结构顺序题。

1、细节题解题技巧

细节题,顾名思义,就是指针对文章的某个细节而设置的试题。细节题的命题方法很多,如可能是对某个细节用同义结构转换后进行考查、也可能是将文章中的几个细节(通常是四个)放在一起要求考生判断是非(选出正确的一项或选出错误的一项)或对几个细节进行排序等。解答这类试题时,一个常用的方法就是运用定位法,即根据题干或选项中的线索词从原文中找到相关的句子,与选项进行比较从而确定答案(此时要特别注意一些常见的同义转换)。

现在围绕上述的定位理论,引申出几个小的技巧:

(1) 关键信息定位法。这个主要是细节题,如涉及到数字(日期、时间、价格等),就可以在文章中快速圈出数字,再找出目标数字及相对应的细节作息,还有人物姓名、地点名词等等,其他的还包括一些提示情节发展,或条纲性关键字眼,如First, Next, Finally等等。

As a young girl growing up in the 1930s, I always wanted to fly a plane, but back then it was almost unheard of for a woman to do that. I got a taste of that dream in 2011,when my husband arranged for me to ride in a hot air balloon for my birthday. (2011年高考英语北京A篇)

What happened to the author in 2011?

A. She flew an airplane

B. She entered a competition

C. She went on a hot air balloon ride

D. She moved into a retirement community

解析:此题属典型细节题,通过题干中的时间in 2011不难定位到文中粗体字部分,很容易可以锁定正解为C。

(2) 同义定位法。英文中可以用Paraphrase表示。同义定位就是指问题所用的关键词和文中的不一致,但属于同义性质,同义转换其实是在关键间的基础上拐了个弯。

He longs for conversations with an editor who will help him turn his good ideas into great ones. He wants someone to get excited about what he's doing and to help him turn his story idea upside down and inside out, exploring the best ways to report it. He wants to be more valuable for your paper. (2010年高考英语北京B篇)

What does the reporter want most from his editors in their talks?

A. Finding the news value of his stories.

B. Giving him financial support.

C. Helping him to find issues.

D. Improving his good ideas.

解析:此题属细节题,定位方式为同义定位法。题干中的talks和文章中conversations对应,而want most和longs for对应,这样不难得出答案为D。

小结:在阅读中,精准快速的定位加上正确的理解力才能保证做题的量与质。定位法是需要在做题的过程中有意识的培养的,做题的技巧也是可以总结的,关键是要自觉培养这种分析归纳和总结的意识以及能力。

2、推理题解题技巧

推断题定义:在理解原文字面意思的基础上,通过对语篇逻辑关系的分析和细节的暗示,做出一定的判断和推理,从而得到文章的深层意义及隐含意义的过程。

出现特征:在考题中经常出现的词有infer, imply, indicate, conclude, learn from, probably, most likely, prove /according to等。

She turned up at the doorstep of my house in Cornwall. No way could I have sent her away. No way, not me anyway. Maybe someone had kicked her out of their car the night before. “We're moving house.'; “No space for her any more with the baby coming.” “We never really wanted her, but what could we have done? She was a present.” People find all sorts of excuses for abandoning an animal. And she was one of the most beautiful dogs I had ever seen.

How did the author feel about Goldie when Goldie came to the house? (2010年高考英语北京A篇)

A. Shocked. B. Sympathetic. C. Annoyed. D. Upset.

解析:由题目得知:是考察作者的态度题。首先定位到文章作者的话语和行为,即

(1) No way could I have sent her away. No way, not me anyway.

(2) We never really wanted her, but what could we have done? She was a present.“

(3) People find all sorts of excuses for abandoning an animal. And she was one of the most beautiful dogs I had ever seen.

可知作者对它是正的情感,排除C,D.再由作者对它的不舍,答案选B

3、主旨大意题解题技巧

Topic/Title型-使用逆推法

(1) 要在阅读原文基础上,仔细考虑选项是否与文章主题有密切联系

(2) 再看选项对文章的概括性或覆盖面如何

(3) 要注意题目是否过大或者过小

(4) 要避免下列三种错误

概括不够(多表现为部分代整体,导致范围过小)

过度概括(多表现为扩大范围)

以事实、细节代替抽象概括的大意。

Federal regulators Wednesday approved a plan to create a nationwide emergency alert (警报) system using text messages delivered to cell phones.

Text messages have been popular in recent years, particularly among young people. The wireless instry's trade association, CTIA, estimates(估计) more than 48 billion text messages are sent each month.

The plan comes from the Warning Alert and Response Network Act, a 2006 federal law that requires improvements to the nation's emergency alert system. The act tasked the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) with coming up with new ways to alert the public about emergencies.

“The ability to deliver accurate and timely warnings and alerts through cell phones and other mobile services is an important next step in our efforts to help ensure that the American public has the information they need to take action to protect themselves and their families before, and ring, disasters and other emergencies,” FCC Chairman Kevin Martin said, following approval of the plan.

Participation in the alert system by carriers -telecommunications companies is voluntary, but it has received support from the wireless instry.

The program would be optional for cell phone users. They also may not be charged for receiving alerts.

There would be three different types of messages, according to the rules.

The first would be a national alert from the president, likely involving a natural disaster. The second would involve “approaching threats”, which could include natural disasters like hurricanes or storms or even university shootings. The third would be for child abction (绑架) emergencies, or so-called Amber Alerts.

The service could be in place by 2010.( 2008年高考英语山东卷B篇)

66. Which of the following would be the best title for the text?

A. Cell Phone Alerts Protecting Students

B. Cell Phone Alerts by Wireless Instry

C. Cell Phone Alerts of National Disasters

D. Cell Phone Alerts Coming Soon

解析:D。主旨大意题。第一段开门见山,提出将创建一个全国性的短信警报系统;最后一段重申主题,对这种新系统的未来进行展望。因此最准确的标题是D。A项错在protecting students;B项错在by wireless instry;C项错在National Disasters。

4、词义句意题解题技巧

要求考生通过阅读上下文,结合中学生应有的赏识来推测尚不熟悉的词或者词组的意思。出现特征:划线或者引号

解题方法之一:根据上下文,往往是本句中的同位关系进行猜测。

Weeks later, standing before this unfriendly mass, I was totally lost. Oh well, I lowered the paper and sat down at my desk, burning to find out what I had done wrong. As a classmate began his report, it all became clear, “My report is on George Washington, the man who started the American Revolution.” The whole world became quite! How could I know that she meant that George Washington?

62. The underlined word “burning” in Para. 3 probably means _______.(2012年北京,B篇,62,答案D)

A. annoyed B. ashamed C. ready D. eager

解析:从burning这个词来说,意为“发热的,强烈的,燃烧的`”,后面紧跟动词词组“find out”说明在寻找时刻的心情是很紧张和急迫的,最后是一个宾语从句,是我曾经做错过什么,那么这个题目显然就是选择和“渴望的,热切的”词义,显然为D选项。

5、结构顺序题解题技巧

常见提问方式:

How is the passage organized?

Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage?

The author develops the passage mainly by….

解题思路:

(1) 注意主题段。主题段通常在文章的开头,简要概括文章的中心思想,

(2) 找出或者总结每段的主题句。主题句可能在段落的开头,也可能出现在段落的中间或末尾。如何确定主题句的方法见主旨题之main idea型。

(3) 最后根据每段主题确定段与段之间的结构关系,承上启下,使文章行文连贯,逻辑严密。为突出主题,作者可能采用不同的写作手法来组织文章,通过举例、比较、类比等手法来透彻阐明主题观点。

The Diet Zone: A Dangerous Place

Diet Coke, diet Pepsi, diet pills, no-fat diet, vegetable diet… We are surrounded by the word “diet” everywhere we look and listen. We have so easily been attracted by the promise and potential of diet procts that we have stopped thinking about what diet procts are doing to us. We are paying for procts that harm us psychologically and physically(身体上).

Diet procts significantly weaken us psychologically. On one level, we are not allowing our brain to admit that our weight problems lie not in actually losing the weight, but in controlling the consumption of fatty, high-calorie, unhealthy foods. Diet procts allow us to jump over the thinking stage and go straight for the scale(秤)instead. All we have to do is to swallow or recognize the word “diet” in food labels.

On another level, diet procts have greater psychological effects. Every time we have a zero-calorie drink, we are telling ourselves without our awareness that we don't have to work to get results. Diet procts make people believe that gain comes without pain, and that life can be without resistance and struggle.

The danger of diet procts lies not only in the psychological effects they have on us, but also in the physical harm that they cause. Diet foods can indirectly harm our bodies because consuming them instead of healthy foods means we are preventing our bodies from having basic nutrients(营养成分). Diet foods and diet pills contain zero calories only because the diet instry has created chemicals to proce these wonder procts. Diet procts may not be nutritional, and the chemical that go into diet procts are potentially dangerous.

Now that we are aware of the effects that diet procts have on us, it is time to seriously think about buying them. Losing weight lies in the power of minds, not in the power of chemicals. Once we realize this, we will be much better able to resist diet procts, and therefore prevent the psychological harm that comes from using them. (2008高考英语北京卷E篇)

75. Which of the following shows the structure of the passage?

解析:文章第一段点明节食产品在误导人们;第二段说明节食产品对人们心理上的影响;第三段说明节食产品误导人们认为不费劲就可以减肥,即对人们身体上的危害;第四段说明节食产品的危害;第五段说明人们应该慎重对待节食产品,故从文章结构上看应该是B项正确。

二、七选五型阅读

考生需要在语篇信息存在缺失的情况下,准确理解整篇文章,特别是设题部位前后句的逻辑关系,通过上下文的线索进行判断,预测下文,然后做出正确判断。

命题分析:我们如果把整篇文章看成一个信息群,这个信息群实际上是由两大信息版块构成的:

已知信息:原文在五处空缺之外的没有被挖掉的信息

待选信息:七个待选选项中的信息

这两个信息板块间绝不是孤立的,而是有紧密的互动逻辑关系,连起来是一篇完整的文章。

考试题型对学生的考察能力来看无外乎两个方面:

(1) 把握整篇文章的布局和逻辑层次关系

(2) 把握微观信息间关联性(即空格前后句间关系)

解题方法:词汇同现、词汇复现、代词妙用、数字线索、逻辑线索。

Muzak

The next time you go into a bank, a store, or a supermarket, stop and listen. What do you hear? _____ (71) It's similar to the music you listen to, but it's not exactly the same. That's because this music was especially designed to relax you, or to give you extra energy. Sometimes you don't even realize the music is playing, but you react to the music anyway.

Quiet background music used to be called “elevator (电梯) music” because we often heard it in elevators. But lately we hear it in more and more places, and it has a new name “Muzak”. About one-third of the people in America listen to “Muzak” everyday. The music plays for 15 minutes at a time, with short pauses in between. It is always more lively between ten and eleven in the morning, and between three and four in the afternoon, when people are more tired.______ (72)

If you listen to Muzak carefully, you will probably recognize the names of many of the songs. Some musicians or songwriters don't want their songs to be used as Muzak, but others are happy when their songs are chosen. Why? _____ (73)

Music is often played in public places because it is designed to make people feel less lonely when they are in an airport or a hotel. It has been proven that Muzak does what it is designed to do. Tired office workers suddenly have more energy when they hear the pleasant sound of Muzak in the background. _____ (74)Supermarket shoppers buy 38 percent more groceries.

_____ (75)They say it's boring to hear the same songs all the time. But other people enjoy hearing Muzak in public places. They say it helps them relax and feel calm. One way or another, Muzak affects everyone. Some farmers even say their cows give more milk when they hear Muzak!( 2010年高考英语北京卷)

A. Some people don't like Muzak.

B. The music gives them extra energy.

C. Music is playing in the background.

D. Factory workers proce 13 percent more.

E. Muzak tends to help people understand music better.

F. They ge t as much as $4 million a year if their songs are used.

G. Muzak is played in most of the big supermarkets in the world.

答案:CBFDA

代词妙用:代词指代前面提到的thing, 所以只要找到与代词含义一致的词就可搞定。

71空格后面出现“It's similar to the music you listen to,”那么我们只要分析出其中的“it”的具体指代即可,通过题目及略读下文,我们很容易知道该文介绍一种音乐,而且第一段故作悬念,一直未给出其名字,所以我们只要找到选项中包含音乐一词而没有点名缪扎克一词的即可,很容易锁定BC选项,因为B项意义与下文相去甚远,故舍B取C没商量。

75空格后出现“They say it's boring to hear the same songs all the time.”,同理,我们就要确定“they”的具体指代,首先由于“say”的出现,我们锁定“they”为人的复数,所以轻松锁定ADF,所谓真金不怕火来炼,D显然逻辑不通,F由于其主语也为人,段落第一句永远不会出现意思不明的代词(we, you 除外,因为它们可以明确指代广义的人),故轻松排除F选出真金A。

72此题虽然不是明显的后文出现代词,但其前亦有代词出现,“It is always more lively between ten and eleven in the morning,”下文承接上文,肯定有联系,找出“it”的具体指代-the music, 轻松选出B项。(注:也可应用词汇复现法)

词汇复现法:情非得已时选择的一种方法,知道与前后文中有词汇重复的选项即可,有时也可指含义一致的词汇,如72

73前文中“but others are happy when their songs are chosen”有“their songs”, F项亦有相同词汇出现,放进去,意思通晓明白,搞定。

74后文中“Supermarket shoppers buy 38 percent more groceries.有”percent more“,D项亦有相同词汇出现,且意思连贯,选出即可。

72题中前句中出现”when people are more tired. “能够与”tired“相对应的四选项中只有”energy“,累了对应能量,亦可做出此题。

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④ 高考英语阅读理解的命题规律及解题方法

高考英语阅读理解的命题规律及解题方法

高考英语的学习不仅需要知识的积累与运用,同时也需要掌握一定的技巧和方法,为了帮助准高三考生进行高考英语复习备考,我为大家整理了高考英语阅读理解的命题规律以及解题方法,一起来看一下吧!

【高考英语阅读理解的命题规律及解题方法】

一、命题规律

此题型以说明文居多,有少数的记叙文和议论文,短文词数300-350,正文词数210-270左右,选项词数60-80左右。短文结构长为:提出问题——解决问题。文中有五处空白,要求学生根据文章结构和内容给出的七个选项中选出五个能填入文章空白处的最佳选项。设空类型一般有标题句类、中心句类以及上下文衔接句类。总体来说,实体的难度比常规阅读理解试题有所降低,突出考查学生的逻辑思维能力。

二、答题思路及注意事项

1、观察文章中的设题及选项特点来确定不同的解题策略

在做阅读理解七选五前,先迅速浏览文中五个空的设置特点,如果设空处在主题或者标题的位置,答案一般会是那些短小精悍的短语或祈使句,此时学生需要根据整个段落的内容并结合选项来把握正确答案。如果设空处在段首,且十个完整的句子,一般来说是段落中心句,这就需要学生认真阅读后文内容,根据段落一致性原则,查找同义词或其他相关的词,推断出中心句。如果设空处是段落间的过渡句,这时要“瞻前顾后”找提示,即阅读上一段结尾部分(通常正确答案可与上一段结尾有效连接起来),并结合下一段内容,看所有答案是否将两段内容连贯起来。如果空设在段中,则要根据上下文的逻辑关系来观察选项,如果空设在短尾,那么空白处的前一句或前两句是重点,注意锁定关键词,这时选项应该是总结性语句,选项中常会出现therefore,as a result,thus,in short,in a word这样的词语。

2、辨别语境线索,根据题的设空特点来选择不同的解题方法

学生在做该题型时,可以边读边做题,重点阅读设空处前后的句子,圈定线索词,然后从选项中寻找相关的特征词,以确定答案。做题时可以采用带入排除法。如果遇到做不出或拿不准答案的题目,可以跳过空格,先做容易的题,直到读完整篇文章。至此,文章的要点和主旨,各个段落之间的逻辑关系就基本清楚了。这时,再将多余的选项放入空白处,看看是否与上下文构成语义和逻辑上的直接关系,是否符合语境,是否能承接前后的写作线索。不同的设空特点选择不同的解题办法,逐一选定,逐一排除。

3、初步确定答案后,放入文中进行复查

在初步选定答案后,学生应该通读全文,检查文中内容是否完整,语言是否连贯合理,各段落内容是否紧扣主题,语篇结构是否合乎逻辑,从而判断选择的答案是否正确。同时,学生应学会将相近的选项进行对比分析。由于个别干扰项对于某个正确选项的内容具有很强的干扰性,这就需要学生认真分析,仔细甄别,排除干扰,从而得出正确答案,答题时学生一定要清楚文章的主旨或写作意图,不要参杂个人观点,想当然的盲目选择。

三、解题技巧

1、词汇复现法

复现,是保证文章前后衔接而经常使用的一种写作手段,即作者在上下文的不同位置会对同一个概念进行重复性的描述。复现关系,主要是同义词复现,近义词复现,反义词复现等。但是单纯地从复现上找答案也会影响准确性,因为不同的选项会多次出现同一词汇,所以学生需要注意和其他方法相结合。

2、词汇同现法

词汇同现是指属于同一词汇或者跟此词汇相关的同一领域的词汇在文中共同出现,达到语义衔接的目的。学生可以在选项中找到与此词汇最相近的词,从而达到快而准的.目的,图chooese和choice,think about与consider,concentrate on与put their heart into,cook与ingredient,express thoughts and ideas和communicate ideas等。一般来说,上下文词汇练习越接近,上下文的衔接关系越紧密。

3、代词或数次代入法

英语表达中代词出现的频率较高,代词的作用无非是指代表前面提及的名词或者形容词概念,如he/she,they,it,them,they等,巧妙利用这样的指代关系和单词的单复数差异就可以准确而迅速的解题。数次代入不是很多,但是有时候,作者在写文章时为了强调自己的观点,会列出一些数字,除了和其他数字进行对比和比较之外,学生可以用数据来说明一个观点。

4、逻辑关系法

由于英语的句子之间,段落之间经常会用一些关联词或者某些具有关联作用的副词来进行衔接或者过渡,使文章上下文逻辑更加清楚连贯,因此文章中表示逻辑关系的信号词在选择答案时非常关键的。在做题的时候,将不同的表示逻辑关系的词有效结合起来,如表示并列或者递进关系的词表示前后句子的名词或句意具有同指性,表示转折关系或让步关系的词往往表示句意对立或褒贬对立或肯定否定对立;表示例证关系的词则意味着在举例之前或之后有表述概念或某一观点没,在表例证的时候会出现for example,for instance,such as这样的词组。下面例举几种常用的关联词或词组:

(1)表示并列或递进关系的词:and,or,also,neither...,equally,in the same way,that is to say,as well as,besides,furthermore,moreover,in addition to,what‘s more等;

(2)表示因果关系的词:because,for,since,therefore,so,so...that...,consequently,accordingly,eto,thanks to,as a result,for this reason等;

(3)表示转折或让步关系的词:but,however,yet,on the contrary,by contray,by contrast,on the other hand,unfor-tunately,while,unlike,rather than,instead of,although,though,even if,nevertheless,despite,in spite of等;

(4)表示时间或者先后顺序的词:afterwards,at first,at last,finally,first,firstly,in the first place,second,secondly,to begin with等。

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⑤ 英语议论文应该写哪些题目

在现实生活中,我们常常需要对人、事、物或某些现象表明态度,发表意见,阐述观点,这就是议论。以议论为主要表达方式的文章就叫议论文,也叫论说文。这种文体有较高的实用价值,报纸杂志中的社论、评论、杂感等,还有生活中的演讲、辩论等都属于这种文体。

议论文有论点、论据、论证三个要素。一篇议论文,无论是立论、驳论还是两者相结合,都有明确的论点。议论文的论据包括事实和道理两种基本形式。论点和论据是通过论证组织起来的。那么,怎样阅读议论文呢?

一、找准论点论点是作者对议论的问题所持的见解和主张,是议论文的灵魂。议论文一般只有一个中心论点,有的议论文还围绕中心论点提出几个分论点。有些文章,标题就是中心论点,如《俭以养德》;有的文章开头就提出论点,如《谈骨气》一开头就提出了“我们中国人是有骨气的”;有些文章的中心论点出现在篇末;有些文章则是在论述过程中提出中心论点,如《想和做》;也有些文章对论点的表述不很集中,这就需要读者从诸多的信息中筛选提取,归纳概括。

二、分析论据论据是被论点统率,为论点服务的。常用的论据有两种类型———事实论据和道理论据。

事实论据:包括具有代表性的确凿的事例或史实。

道理论据:指经过人们的实践检验的、为社会所公认的正确理论,包括社会科学理论,如哲学理论,也包括自然科学的原理、定律、公式及广为流传的谚语、名言、警句等。

三、明确论证方法论证方法多种多样,常见的有四种:

①举例论证:列举确凿、充分、有代表性的事例证明论点;

②道理论证:用马列主义经典著作中的精辟见解、古今中外名人的名言警句以及人们公认的定理公式等来证明论点;

③对比论证:拿正反两方面的论点或论据做对比,在对比中证明论点;

④比喻论证:用人们熟知的事物做比喻来证明论点。多数议论文综合运用几种方法。

四、分析文章的结构议论文的结构一般是提出问题———分析问题———解决问题(即引论———本论———结论)。要理清文章的思路:看开头提出了什么问题,是从几个方面分析论证的,其中着重论述的是哪个方面,再进一步研究这么安排的道理。

五、分析议论文的语言要注意理解富有概括力的关键性词语。议论文的语言往往概括性强,利用比较抽象的词语表现丰富的内容。例如《俭以养德》中“俭以养德”,意思是要生活节俭,以此来培养品德。它内涵丰富,警策动人,只有联系作品背景和全文内容,才能有较深理解。

⑥ 高考英语阅读答题技巧「四选一」

2017年高考英语阅读答题技巧「四选一」

高考英语阅读理解常见的题目形式是四选一,顾名思义,就是从四个备选答案中选出符合题目要求的答案。为了帮助大家备考,我整理了一些答题技巧,希望能帮到大家!

1、细节题解题技巧

细节题,顾名思义,就是指针对文章的某个细节而设置的试题。细节题的命题方法很多,如可能是对某个细节用同义结构转换后进行考查、也可能是将文章中的几个细节(通常是四个)放在一起要求考生判断是非(选出正确的一项或选出错误的一项)或对几个细节进行排序等。解答这类试题时,一个常用的方法就是运用定位法,即根据题干或选项中的线索词从原文中找到相关的句子,与选项进行比较从而确定答案(此时要特别注意一些常见的同义转换)。

现在围绕上述的定位理论,引申出几个小的技巧:

(1) 关键信息定位法。这个主要是细节题,如涉及到数字(日期、时间、价格等),就可以在文章中快速圈出数字,再找出目标数字及相对应的细节作息,还有人物姓名、地点名词等等,其他的还包括一些提示情节发展,或条纲性关键字眼,如First, Next, Finally等等。

As a young girl growing up in the 1930s, I always wanted to fly a plane, but back then it was almost unheard of for a woman to do that. I got a taste of that dream in 2011,when my husband arranged for me to ride in a hot air balloon for my birthday. (2011年高考英语北京A篇)

What happened to the author in 2011?

A. She flew an airplane

B. She entered a competition

C. She went on a hot air balloon ride

D. She moved into a retirement community

解析:此题属典型细节题,通过题干中的时间in 2011不难定位到文中粗体字部分,很容易可以锁定正解为C。

(2) 同义定位法。英文中可以用Paraphrase表示。同义定位就是指问题所用的关键词和文中的不一致,但属于同义性质,同义转换其实是在关键间的基础上拐了个弯。

He longs for conversations with an editor who will help him turn his good ideas into great ones. He wants someone to get excited about what he's doing and to help him turn his story idea upside down and inside out, exploring the best ways to report it. He wants to be more valuable for your paper. (2010年高考英语北京B篇)

What does the reporter want most from his editors in their talks?

A. Finding the news value of his stories.

B. Giving him financial support.

C. Helping him to find issues.

D. Improving his good ideas.

解析:此题属细节题,定位方式为同义定位法。题干中的talks和文章中conversations对应,而want most和longs for对应,这样不难得出答案为D。

小结:在阅读中,精准快速的定位加上正确的理解力才能保证做题的量与质。定位法是需要在做题的过程中有意识的培养的,做题的技巧也是可以总结的,关键是要自觉培养这种分析归纳和总结的意识以及能力。

2、推理题解题技巧

推断题定义:在理解原文字面意思的基础上,通过对语篇逻辑关系的分析和细节的暗示,做出一定的判断和推理,从而得到文章的深层意义及隐含意义的过程。

出现特征:在考题中经常出现的词有infer, imply, indicate, conclude, learn from, probably, most likely, prove /according to等。

She turned up at the doorstep of my house in Cornwall. No way could I have sent her away. No way, not me anyway. Maybe someone had kicked her out of their car the night before. “We're moving house.'; “No space for her any more with the baby coming.” “We never really wanted her, but what could we have done? She was a present.” People find all sorts of excuses for abandoning an animal. And she was one of the most beautiful dogs I had ever seen.

How did the author feel about Goldie when Goldie came to the house? (2010年高考英语北京A篇)

A. Shocked. B. Sympathetic. C. Annoyed. D. Upset.

解析:由题目得知:是考察作者的态度题。首先定位到文章作者的话语和行为,即

(1) No way could I have sent her away. No way, not me anyway.

(2) We never really wanted her, but what could we have done? She was a present.“

(3) People find all sorts of excuses for abandoning an animal. And she was one of the most beautiful dogs I had ever seen.

可知作者对它是正的情感,排除C,D.再由作者对它的不舍,答案选B

3、主旨大意题解题技巧

Topic/Title型-使用逆推法

(1) 要在阅读原文基础上,仔细考虑选项是否与文章主题有密切联系

(2) 再看选项对文章的概括性或覆盖面如何

(3) 要注意题目是否过大或者过小

(4) 要避免下列三种错误

概括不够(多表现为部分代整体,导致范围过小)

过度概括(多表现为扩大范围)

以事实、细节代替抽象概括的大意。

Federal regulators Wednesday approved a plan to create a nationwide emergency alert (警报) system using text messages delivered to cell phones.

Text messages have been popular in recent years, particularly among young people. The wireless instry's trade association, CTIA, estimates(估计) more than 48 billion text messages are sent each month.

The plan comes from the Warning Alert and Response Network Act, a 2006 federal law that requires improvements to the nation's emergency alert system. The act tasked the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) with coming up with new ways to alert the public about emergencies.

“The ability to deliver accurate and timely warnings and alerts through cell phones and other mobile services is an important next step in our efforts to help ensure that the American public has the information they need to take action to protect themselves and their families before, and ring, disasters and other emergencies,” FCC Chairman Kevin Martin said, following approval of the plan.

Participation in the alert system by carriers -telecommunications companies is voluntary, but it has received support from the wireless instry.

The program would be optional for cell phone users. They also may not be charged for receiving alerts.

There would be three different types of messages, according to the rules.

The first would be a national alert from the president, likely involving a natural disaster. The second would involve “approaching threats”, which could include natural disasters like hurricanes or storms or even university shootings. The third would be for child abction (绑架) emergencies, or so-called Amber Alerts.

The service could be in place by 2010.( 2008年高考英语山东卷B篇)

66. Which of the following would be the best title for the text?

A. Cell Phone Alerts Protecting Students

B. Cell Phone Alerts by Wireless Instry

C. Cell Phone Alerts of National Disasters

D. Cell Phone Alerts Coming Soon

解析:D。主旨大意题。第一段开门见山,提出将创建一个全国性的短信警报系统;最后一段重申主题,对这种新系统的未来进行展望。因此最准确的标题是D。A项错在protecting students;B项错在by wireless instry;C项错在National Disasters。

4、词义句意题解题技巧

要求考生通过阅读上下文,结合中学生应有的赏识来推测尚不熟悉的词或者词组的意思。出现特征:划线或者引号

解题方法之一:根据上下文,往往是本句中的同位关系进行猜测。

Weeks later, standing before this unfriendly mass, I was totally lost. Oh well, I lowered the paper and sat down at my desk, burning to find out what I had done wrong. As a classmate began his report, it all became clear, “My report is on George Washington, the man who started the American Revolution.” The whole world became quite! How could I know that she meant that George Washington?

62. The underlined word “burning” in Para. 3 probably means _______.(2012年北京,B篇,62,答案D)

A. annoyed B. ashamed C. ready D. eager

解析:从burning这个词来说,意为“发热的`,强烈的,燃烧的”,后面紧跟动词词组“find out”说明在寻找时刻的心情是很紧张和急迫的,最后是一个宾语从句,是我曾经做错过什么,那么这个题目显然就是选择和“渴望的,热切的”词义,显然为D选项。

5、结构顺序题解题技巧

常见提问方式:

How is the passage organized?

Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage?

The author develops the passage mainly by….

解题思路:

(1) 注意主题段。主题段通常在文章的开头,简要概括文章的中心思想,

(2) 找出或者总结每段的主题句。主题句可能在段落的开头,也可能出现在段落的中间或末尾。如何确定主题句的方法见主旨题之main idea型。

(3) 最后根据每段主题确定段与段之间的结构关系,承上启下,使文章行文连贯,逻辑严密。为突出主题,作者可能采用不同的写作手法来组织文章,通过举例、比较、类比等手法来透彻阐明主题观点。

The Diet Zone: A Dangerous Place

Diet Coke, diet Pepsi, diet pills, no-fat diet, vegetable diet… We are surrounded by the word “diet” everywhere we look and listen. We have so easily been attracted by the promise and potential of diet procts that we have stopped thinking about what diet procts are doing to us. We are paying for procts that harm us psychologically and physically(身体上).

Diet procts significantly weaken us psychologically. On one level, we are not allowing our brain to admit that our weight problems lie not in actually losing the weight, but in controlling the consumption of fatty, high-calorie, unhealthy foods. Diet procts allow us to jump over the thinking stage and go straight for the scale(秤)instead. All we have to do is to swallow or recognize the word “diet” in food labels.

On another level, diet procts have greater psychological effects. Every time we have a zero-calorie drink, we are telling ourselves without our awareness that we don't have to work to get results. Diet procts make people believe that gain comes without pain, and that life can be without resistance and struggle.

The danger of diet procts lies not only in the psychological effects they have on us, but also in the physical harm that they cause. Diet foods can indirectly harm our bodies because consuming them instead of healthy foods means we are preventing our bodies from having basic nutrients(营养成分). Diet foods and diet pills contain zero calories only because the diet instry has created chemicals to proce these wonder procts. Diet procts may not be nutritional, and the chemical that go into diet procts are potentially dangerous.

Now that we are aware of the effects that diet procts have on us, it is time to seriously think about buying them. Losing weight lies in the power of minds, not in the power of chemicals. Once we realize this, we will be much better able to resist diet procts, and therefore prevent the psychological harm that comes from using them. (2008高考英语北京卷E篇)

75. Which of the following shows the structure of the passage?

题目

解析:文章第一段点明节食产品在误导人们;第二段说明节食产品对人们心理上的影响;第三段说明节食产品误导人们认为不费劲就可以减肥,即对人们身体上的危害;第四段说明节食产品的危害;第五段说明人们应该慎重对待节食产品,故从文章结构上看应该是B项正确。

;

⑦ 关于高考英语阅读理解题的应考技巧

■策略一、紧扣主旨大意

高考英语阅读理解的主旨大意题主要是考查考生在理解全文的基础上运用概括、判断、归纳、推理等逻辑思维的方法对文章进行高度的概括或总结的能力。常见的设问方式有:

●标题类:what'sthebesttitle/headlinefor

thepassage?

●大意类:thetextismainlyabout__.the

topic/_.fromthepassage,wecanconcludethat_.

inwritingthepassage?

针对主旨大意类型的题,考生可以掌握以下解题策略:把握文章逻辑结构,快速找出主题;寻找主题句,确定文章中心思想;将首段中心句和各段第一句话连接成一个整体,得出文章主题;逆向思维法解标题类问题。

一、把握文章逻辑结构,快速找出主题

高考阅读理解文章的主要逻辑结构:

1、时间顺序。按时间先后顺序说明某一事件、某一理论的发展过程,属于这种结构的文章主题通常在首段或末段。

2、“总说-分述”结构。首段做总的说明,其他段落分别说明或具体论述首段的观点,属于这种结构的文章主题在首段。最典型的是新闻报道类文章,此类体裁的文章在近年高考阅读中逐渐增多。一般这类文章都有固定格式:城市名称(新闻社)———新闻内容。掌握一些国际知名新闻社的英文名称是必要的,路透社reuters,美联社associatedpress,法新社agencefrancepresse。梁世

3、“分述-总说”结构。前面几段分别说明,末段总结。属于这种结构的文章主题在末段。

二、寻找主题句,确定文章中心思想

不是所有的文章都有主题句,对于大部分有主题句的文章来说,主题句表达了文章的中心思想,找到了主题句,也就抓住了文章的主旨大意。主题句呈现的形式有:

1、在文首。文章开门见山,提出主题,随后摆事实、讲道理来解释、支撑和发展主题句所表达的主题思想。2、在文带渣缓中。通常前面只提出问题,随之陈述细节引出主题,而后做进一步的解释、支撑或发展。3、在文尾。在表述细节后,归纳要点,得出结论,以概括主题。

三、将首段中心句和各段第一句话连接成一个整体,得出文章主题

通常有些文章会在首段提出一个重要论点,随后在各段分别进一步从不同角度继续阐述,这样我们可以找出首段的中心句,再将其和各段第蠢模一句串联在一起,就可以得出文章的中心思想。如:(2006北京卷d篇71题)



a.

b.-ment

c.

d.

第一段:

infantdeathcaused,motherandchild.

第二段:oneofthesepremodernattach-ment-



intothesecondyear.…

第三段:athirdpracticewhichhadthe

samedistancingeffectwaswet-nursing.…

从第一段的中心句和各段的第一句不难看出,这篇文章的标题应该是ment.

四、逆向思维法解标题类问题

(2005全国i卷b篇62题)whatwould

bethebesttitleforthetext?

a.across-countrytripb.aspecialbor-derpassc.anunguardedborderd.anexpensivechurchvisit

如果标题是across-countrytrip,那么文章应该讲述一次出境旅行;如果标题是aspecialborderpass,那么文章应该着重讲一个特殊的边境通行证;如果标题是anunguardedborder,那么文章应该侧重讲边境如何不设防;如果标题是anexpensivechurchvisit,那么文章应该讲一次礼拜如何花费昂贵了。经过这样的逆向思维,我们不难发现文章的内容恰好与标题anexpensivechurch

visit一致,因此应该选d。

一、对于写作意图的把握

1.注意连接词的使用:,mydad

tookmetothewildliferefuge.heneeded

-iment.atfirst,.whatifonetriedtoeatme?butwehadalotofhelp,and

mydadknewalotaboutalligators,soitwasok.

first,but,so等展开的。所设题目是:



a.

fiercealligatorsb.

c..

某些句型表面看上去是比较级,而实际上是最高级含义。mymotherdeci-dedtotakemeonthetrip.itcouldn'tbebetter.(itcouldn'tbebetter=it'sgreat.意为“太好了”)

注意虚拟语气的使用。.(我多么希望已通过了驾照考试呀!)此句暗含的事实是:并没通过考试。

3.将自己想象为故事中的主人公,体会其心理感受

有一篇文章,写一个老太太刚刚在海边买了一座别墅,打算在那里度过余生。因为那里的气候湿润温暖,更适合她的健康。此时她站在曾经生活了25年的房子里,最后环顾这曾经装载了她的大半生的房子。所给的问题是:?正确答案是:herfeelingiscomplex.其他的选项如sheishappy/she

issad等都片面。只要我们设身处地站在老太太的位置上想一想,就不难找到正确答案。

4.把握全篇文脉,仔细揣摩事情发生的背景

我们不仅要掌握一定的语言知识,还需要平时储备一定的逻辑推理能力以及必要的西方的文化背景知识,才能完全领会文章的主旨或者其所渗透出的幽默感。请看下面这篇介绍父子关系的文章。第一句话就开门见山:myfatherandiwereveryclose.hewasalwaysproudofmysuccess.然后用一个事例说明:ifiwonaspelingcontestatschool,hewasontopoftheworld.如果知道beontopoftheworld是“高兴至极”的意思,也只是理解了语言的表层含义。接下来:wheniwasnamedpresidentofthe

fordmotorcompany,ididn'tknowwhichofuswasmoreexcited.正确理解了上文的铺垫,才会真正领会此句暗含的意味及幽默:实际上父亲比我还高兴。如果对西方人的生活方式及习惯比较了解的话,也不难接受下面的句子:-

tunity———.我们再来继续欣赏一下父亲鲜明的个性:.-torcycle.unfortunately,myfatherandhis

motorcycledidn'tgetalongtoowell.he

.asaresult,.读懂了这些,就不难理

解下文中为什么父亲不让“我”拥有一辆自行车,反而当“我”刚满16岁就让我开车了。正确理解了文章的来龙去脉及内涵,对于文后题目的处理也就会轻而易举了。

二、对于出题意图的把握

1.正确理解一个事物的两个方面

有些题目不是直接照搬原文的话,而是用一些另外的语言表达出同样的意思,因此我们必须掌握用英文解释英文的技能。如一篇介绍辍学学生的文章,文章先后两次谈到学生辍学后的感想。第一次:

theymadeamistakebygivingupand

.

第二次:.文后的题目是whichof

-age?正确答案是:.虽然

原文没有像题目这样明确说明,但其实这是一个事物的两个方面;对于辍学的后悔其实就是希望继续上学。通过正确推断这些文句的含义,即可找出正确答案。

2.以文章内容为基础进行判断

■策略三、合理推理判断

一、理解定义。判断是对已知的事实仔细评价之后做出的合理决定。推理是对事实的内涵所做的陈述或以事实为依据对未知所做的陈述。注意无论是判断还是推理都是以已知事实为依据。

二、推理题常见的提问形式。常以infer,

imply,indicate,suggest,conclude,learn,in-

tend,mean,describe,purpose等词提问。

或含有表推测的情态动词,如can,could,might,would等和其他表示可能性的动词,如probably,mostlikely等。

三、具体策略

1.通过辨认细节的技巧,找到相关的事实或证据,对这些事实或证据进行分析和评价,在此基础上再作决定。切记:推断是以文章提供的事实为依据,而不是凭空想象,更不是读者自己的意愿。

2.借助常识。在推理判断题中,我们平时积累的一些常识通常会派上用场。2006年陕西高考英语试卷中一篇关于通信发展史的阅读最为典型。a.

faster.b.slower.大家都应知道交通越来越发达,邮电业当然是faster.此篇还涉及到有关发邮件的常识,如果同学们有这个commonsense,就如鱼得水了。

3.务必要用排除法。排除法在此类题型中发挥着不可磨灭的作用。根据在文章中找到的事实依据和常识排除错误信息,再排除和文章中一词不差的信息(文章里的原句不会是推理判断出来的结果,但通过同义词或句型转换过的选项有可能是正确答案),最后再排除无关或偏离信息,正确答案就不言而喻了。

4.词句段篇,相互交融。词的理解要放在句子里,句子的理解要靠段,段的理解也离不开篇。单独说floor谁都知道是什么意思,但…,inherownhandwriting…这个语境里是surprised的意思。因此不能独立地看某个词或某句话。此外,学生对一词多义或一些习语的积累也是很有必要的,这就要靠同学们课下多下工夫了。

例heisanoldcobbler(修鞋匠)withashopinthemarais,ahistoricareainparis.whenitookhimmyshoes,heat

firsttoldme:“ihavenotime.takethem

;he'll

fixthemrightaway.”

buti'.justlookingathisbench

,iknewhewasaskilledcraftsman(手艺人).“no,”ireplied,“theotherfellowcan'tdo

itwel.”

“theotherfellow”wasoneofthose

“while-u-wait”-.theyworkcarelessly,andwhentheyhavefin-ishedsewingbackasandalstrap(鞋带)you

.

mymansawiwouldn'tgivein,andhesmiled.hewipedhishandsonhisblueapron(围裙),lookedatmyshoes,,“comebackinaweek.”.

“seewhaticando?”hesaidwithapride.“onlythreeofusinpariscando

thiskindofwork.”

whenigotbackoutintothestreet,

theworldseemedbrand-newtome.(传说),-

ingfamiliarly,hisverystrange,styfelthat,hisfunnyaccentfromwho-knows-whereand,aboveal,hisprideinhiscraft.

thesearetimeswhennothingisim-portantbutthebottomline,“pays”,when,inshort,peoplelookonworkasapathtoever-increasingconsumption(消费)-ties.-tionfrom

prideinajobweldone.

1.?

a.

tools.b.hewastheonlycobblerinthe

marais.c.hewasproudofhisskils.d.hewasanativeparisian.

2.thesentence“.”impliedthat___

a.

likehimb..themanwasvery

stranged.themanwastooold

解析:1.c文中多处提到关于自豪的字眼acobblerwhogetshisgreatest

.andhesaidwithapride.这正是c项的涵义。a,d是无关信息文中没有提及排除b是错误选项。依据:theotherfellow还有onlythreeofusinpariscando…

2.a说他像古代传奇中的人物。言行,打扮尤其对自己手艺的自豪,现代社会罕见。insuchaperioditisarare

.b,d在文章中没有任何依据,排除。c项的strange很有迷惑性但文中说到的是strangehatnottheman.

■【试试看吧】

allthroughmyboyhoodandyouth,iwasknownasanidler;,whichwastolearntowrite.ikeptalwaystwobooksinmypocket,onetoread,onetowritein.asiwalked,

words;whenisatbytheroadside,iwouldeitherread,orapencilandanote-bookwouldbeinmyhand,.thusilivedwithwords.

;.(thoughiwishedthat,too)asthati

.;andipractisedtoacquireit.;-.but

iworkedinotherwaysalso;ioftenaccom-,inwhichiplayedmanyparts;.

thiswasallexcellent,nodoubt..goodasitwas,.andregardedastraining,ithad

onegravedefect;.sotherewasperhapsmoreprofit,astherewascertainlymoreeffort,in

mysecretlaboursathome.wheneveri

,,(巧妙特色)inthestyle,imustsitdownatonceandsetmy-selftoapethatquality.iwasunsuccessfulandiknew

it;andtriedagain,;-ticeinrhythm,inharmony,.ihavethus

playedtheselousapetohzlitte,tolamb,towordsworth,todefoe,to

hawthorne.that,likeitornot,istheway

tolearntowrite;whetherihaveprofitedornot,thatistheway.itwasso,ifwecouldtraceitout,thatallmenhavelearned.

1.inthispassage______.

a.

successful

b.

c.

d.

learningtowrite

2.fromthispassagewecaninferthat____.
a..

b.

learningtowrite

c.

fromone'syoungerdays

d.failureisthemotherofsuccess

参考答案db

⑧ 高中英语最难议论文题目有哪些

高中英语论文题目78个:

1构建高中英语高效课堂的几点做法

2多版本高中英语教材红色文化融入的比较研究

3学科核心素养导向的高中英语学习活动设计

4指向核心素养的高中英语整本书阅读教学实践

5中国文化融入高中英语教学现状调查——以赤城县第一中学为例

6核心素养视域下高中英语教学与信息技术深度融合

7高中与大学英语教学衔接存在的问题及对策分析

8论学习策略训练在高中英语阅读教学中的运用

9高中英语阅读学习需求分析研究

10多元智能理论在高中英语教学中的应用

11基于信息化视野下的高中英语教学模式探究

12高中英语写作教学以读促写教学模式初探

13深度学习理论指导下的高中英语课外阅读教学

14新理念下信息技术在高中英语教学中的应用策略简析

15高中英语教学中文化品格培养路径分析与实践研究

16浅谈以评促写在高中英语教学中的应用

17核心素养视域下的高中英语写作教学实践探究——以Unit 4 Astronomy:The Science of The Stars为例

18活动观视域下高中英语混合式教学实践研究

19中华文化素材在高中英语书面表达中的应用

20形成性评价在高中英语词汇教学中的应用

21“互联网+教育”背景下的高中英语阅读高效课堂构建

22【译】面子理论在高中英语课堂师生互动中的应用

The Application of Face Theory in High School English Classroom Teacher-Student InteractionSun YuJournal of Ecational Research and Policies2022-03-01

23语篇分析视角下的高中英语语篇教学探讨

24核心素养下的高中英语阅读教学策略分析

25高中英语课堂提问的认知思维导向探讨

26信息技术构建高中英语高效课堂的探索

27浅析提升高中英语教师课程领导力的途径

28家校共育对高中英语学困生的积极作用

29核心素养下高中英语课外阅读现状调查探析

30高中英语读后续写教学策略探究

31信息技术支持的高中英语主题式学习活动设计

32基于英汉对比理论的高中英语翻译教学研究

33高中英语阅读教学中有效提问的策略

34人教社2019版高中英语教材中国文化融合研究

35高中英语词汇教学研究现状综述

36基于思维品质培养的高中英语阅读教学

37高中英语经典歌曲赏析的价值分析——以歌曲My Heart Will Go On为例

38中华优秀传统文化融入高中英语教学的模式创新研究

39“互联网+”视域下高中英语写作教学路径研究

40【译】高中英语词汇教学中英汉词块对比研究

A Study on Comparison of English and Chinese Lexical Chunks in Senior High School English Vocabulary TeachingYumei Li;Yuhui XuInternational Journal of Ecation and Management2021-12-25

41核心素养培养背景下高中英语整体阅读教学探究

42浅谈任务型教学法在高中英语阅读教学中的应用

43浅析高中英语学科核心素养在课堂教学中的融合

44【译】论高中英语教学中学生文化意识的培养

On the Cultivation of Students' Cultural Awareness in Senior High School English TeachingXia HuanjunAlt and Higher Ecation2021-12-24

45英语标准化考试与高中英语教学改革

46学科核心素养指向的高中英语教学设计

47探究式学习在高中英语词汇教学中的应用

48基于“产出导向法”的课程教学设计——以新课标高中英语必修二Unit 4为例

49《中国英语能力等级量表》在高中英语写作教学形成性评价中的应用

502019人教版高中英语教材分析——以必修一为例

51【译】中国高中英语教师情感的叙事个案研究:一种生态视角

A Narrative Case Study of Chinese Senior High School English Teachers’ Emotions: An Ecological PerspectiveSun Xiaohui;Yang LiuFrontiers in Psychology2021-12-10

52我国高中英语教材的发展:从学科知识到学科育人的转变

53【译】语料库在高中英语词汇教学策略探索中的应用- -基于英语学习活动观

Application of Corpus to the Exploration of Senior High School English Vocabulary Teaching Strategies——Based on the Concept of English Learning ActivitiesZeng Zhao;Li ShengliFrontiers in Ecational Research2021-12-05

54高中英语教学中基于信息技术手段的思维导图的应用策略

55【译】高中英语课程中思想政治要素挖掘的实践研究

A Practical Research on Mining Ideological and Political Elements in Senior High School English CurriculumWenjing AiInternational Journal of Social Science and Ecation Research2021-12-01

56微课在高中英语教学中的应用及启示

57高中英语“课程思政”建设的路径探析

58基于产出导向法理论的高中英语读写结合教学模式研究

59诊断性测评促进高中英语词汇教学实践研究

60基于中国故事叙述的高中英语课程思政研究

61深度融合环保意识与高中英语教学的行动研究

62文化回应视域下高中英语课堂中国文化融入的策略探析

63产出导向法在高中英语写作教学中的应用

64“以读促写”法在高中英语写作教学中的应用

65多元化教学方法在高中英语教学中的应用探究

66核心素养导向下高中英语读后续写能力的培养

67高中英语信息化高效教学的创设对策

68新课标理念在高中英语教学中的学习策略——评《新课标理念下的高中英语教学实践研究》

69图式理论视域下的高中英语教学设计实例探究

70高中英语教学中自主学习能力培养策略探究

71高中英语阅读教学中批判性思维能力的培养策略研究

72高中英语阅读教学中学生思维品质培养策略探析

73【译】高中英语教学中多元思维能力培养研究

Research on the Cultivation of Multiple Thinking Ability in Senior High School English TeachingYang Zhi;Xiaoqin YanCurriculum and Teaching Methodology2021-10-18

74立德树人背景下高中英语学科素养的培养研究——以阅读教学为例

75高中英语阅读课中的词汇教学方法探析

76翻转课堂背景下高中英语分层教学

77产出导向法在高中英语读写教学中的应用——以人教版高中《英语》必修一Unit 2为例

78高中英语课堂教学的导入艺术探究

⑨ 高考英语阅读理解题型及解题技巧

高考英语阅读理解题型及解题技巧如下:
1、题型分类:主旨大意题,答题技巧:阅读理解文章多是议论文和说明文,这两种文体的结构可归纳为:提出问题——论述问题——得出结论或者阐明观点。对于这类文章,抓主题句是快速掌握文章大意的主要方法。
2、细节理解题,答题技巧:可直接找到相关细节,但需经过计算方可找到答案。
3、推理判断题,答题技巧:推断题是考查大家透过文章表面的文字信息进行分析、综合、归纳等逻辑推理的能力。推理和判断必须以事实为依据,切莫主观臆断。
4、词义猜测题,答题技巧:通过因果关系猜词通过因果关系猜词。专业老师在线权威答疑 zy.offercoming.com

⑩ 高考英语阅读理解题型及解题技巧是怎么样的

阅读理解技巧如下:

一、名词形式变化

名词的形式变化主要有单数、复数、所有格的变化。 例如:There are many students living at school,the (child) houses are all far from schoo,由students一词可以判断出横线处应填复数,且作为houses的定语,所以应用其所有格形式,故答案为child的复合变化形式—— 复数的所有格children’s。

二、动词形式变化

动词的形式变化比较多,有谓语的变化(时态、语态、语气),有非谓语的变化(不定式、动名词、现在分词、过去分词)。

例如:A talk (give) tomorrow is written by Professor Zhang.句中的is written是整句的谓语,所以横线所在的动词应当用作非谓语。从tomorrow可以看出,报告是“将来”作的,故用不定式;且报告是give动作的承受者,故可以判断出横线所在处用give的不定式被动式——to be given。

三、代词形式变化

代词形式变化通常是与人称变化有关的三大类五小类,即人称代词(主格和宾格)、物主代词(形容词性和名词性)、反身代词。另外还有几个不定代词的形式变化,如no one/none、other/another等。

四、形容词、副词比较级变化

英语中大部分形容词和表方式的副词都有原级、比较级和最高等的变化。构成比较级和最高级的方式,或通过加后缀一er和.est,或在词前加more/less和most/least,且形容词的最高级还要冠以the。

五、并列连词和从句引导词

从句是此题型最为常见的一个方向,主要检测学生对三大从句引导词的掌握程度。若两个句子(即两个主谓结构)之间没有连词,也没有分号或句号,一定是填并列连词but,and,or,或so 连接并列的句子或从属连词(连接定语从句、名词性从句和状语从句的)。

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