初中英语阅读理解推理判断型题目
初中英语阅读专项训练材料
在做英语阅读理解时，如果文章太长，你可以先把文章后面的问题看一遍，带着问题去看文章。为了帮助大家，我整理了一些初中英语阅读理解，希望能帮到大家!
阅读理解【1】
Do you know that in some parts of the world, people build temporary(暂时的)hotels made of snow and blocks(大块)of ice? These are known as ice hotels.
Unlike usual hotels, all the rooms in the ice hotels are made of ice. In some ice hotels, even the glasses for drinks are made of ice blocks. So they only serve cold drinks. Also, hot food is not served in the ice hotels, but guests can eat hot food at places nearby.
To keep warm, guests sleep in comfortable sleeping bags on ice blocks that are covered by mattresses(床垫)and reindeer skins(驯鹿皮).
There are some places in the ice hotels that are heated, such as the bathrooms. This is because, even though it is not as cold in the ice hotels as it is outdoors(在户外), indoor temperatures are still very low.
Perhaps the most interesting thing about the ice hotels is that they are rebuilt every year. They can be used only ring the winter months. The ice hotels melt(融化)away when spring arrives. The ice blocks used to build these hotels are from nearby rivers. So, when the ice hotels melt away, they melt back into the rivers.
56. According to the passage, ice hotels ______.
A. are found everywhere B. do business in summer
C. are made of glass D. are made of snow and ice
57. Which of the following about the ice hotels is true?
A. They are just like usual hotels. B. The glasses are made of wood.
C. They serve cold drinks. D. The rooms are made of bamboo.
58. You can’t see ______ in the ice hotels.
A. hot food B. reindeer skins
C. sleeping bag D. mattresses
59. Why are bathrooms heated in the ice hotels?
A. Guests want to eat in them. B. Indoor temperature are very low.
C. Guests ask the hotels to do that. D. It is as cold indoors as it is outdoors.
60. What happens to the ice h otels in spring?
A. They melt away. B. They are rebuilt.
C. They are repaired. D. They need more ice.
【考点】社会文化类阅读;文中细节.
【分析】本文介绍了世界上的冰雪旅馆.这些旅馆是由雪和大块的冰制成的临时性旅馆.和普通的旅馆不同，这些旅馆中的房间都是用冰块制成的.喝水的'杯子也是冰块制成的.所以他们只提供冷饮.客人们如果想吃热的食物可以去附近的地方.为了保持温暖，客人们会在铺着床垫和鹿皮的冰块上的睡袋中睡觉.旅馆中，例如浴室，是可以加热的.关于冰雪旅馆最有趣的就是每年都会重建，因为春天冰雪旅馆就会融化，流入附近的河流，冬季的时候，再用附近河流中的冰块重建旅馆.
【解答】56.D 细节理解题.根据"Do you know that in some parts of the world，people build temporary(暂时的)hotels made of snow and blocks(大块)of ice?"可知冰雪旅馆是在世界上的有些地方有，不是到处都有.并且是由大块的冰制成的.故排除A与C选项.根据"The ice hotels melt(融化)away when spring arrives."可知冰雪旅馆在春天就融化了，故夏天是不会做生意的，排除B选项.故选D.
57.C 细节理解题.根据"In some ice hotels，even the glasses for drinks are made of ice blocks.So they only serve cold drinks."可知冰雪旅馆是只提供冷饮的.故选C.
58.A 细节理解题.根据"hot food is not served in the ice hotels，but guests can eat hot food at places nearby."可知热的食物在冰雪旅馆中是不会出现的，你可以去附近的地方去吃.故选A.
59.B 细节理解题.根据"indoor temperatures are still very low."可知加热浴室的原因是室内虽然没有外边那么冷，但是室内的温度还是很低.故选B.
60.A 细节理解题.根据"The ice hotels melt(融化)away when spring arrives."可知当春天来临时，冰雪旅馆就融化了，故选A.
阅读理解【2】
Many people travel to different places in the world by air. Usually it takes a long time, perhaps half a day, for passengers to stay in the plan. So airlines(航空公司)offer passengers food. But it is common that they feel bad about food taste. Do you agree?
To solve this problem, airlines try hard to improve their food. They would like to do so because they don’t want to lose customers.
However, according to scientific research, part of the reason why plane food tastes bad is that at high altitude(海拔)we can not taste things as well as we do on the ground. Also scientists have found that our noses become very dry even before a plane takes off. As the plane moves up, the change in air pressure(气压)reces one third of the sensibility(感觉)of our taste buds(味蕾). So our tas te buds become senseless. The sad face, however, is that our noses don’t know it.
All of these help explain why food on the plane tastes so bad. They also help explain why airlines choose to offer passengers salty and spicy(辛辣的)food. Without doing so, the food would be tasteless.
Now there are many researches on this. According to one of them, some volunteers are asked to lie with their feet higher than their heads for weeks. And scientists write down their feelings about food taste.
Though scientists try their best, it is not as easy as they thought. Because they can’t deal with the special environment successfully, such as the change in air pressure, making food taste good is still hard for them.
61. In Paragraph 2, “this problem” means ______.
A. passengers stay long in the plane B. food on the plane tastes bad
C. passengers have no food to eat D. food on the plane is expensive
62. What do airlines do to solve this problem?
A. Get more customers. B. Offer more food.
C. Improve their food. D. Rece the ticket price.
63. As the plane moves up, the change in air pressure reces of the sensibility of our taste buds.
A. half B. one third C. one fourth D. one fifth
64. Why do scientists feel it hard to made food on the plane taste good?
A. The volunteers don’t know about food taste.
B. The volunteers don’t understand them.
C. They can’t find enough volunteers.
D. They can’t deal with the special environment successfully.
65. What is the best title of the passage?
A. Taste of Airplane Food B. Airplane Travel
C. Scientific Research on Noses D. The Change in Air Pressure
【考点】科普知识类阅读;内容归纳;文中细节.
【分析】本篇文章讲述了一个问题--为什么在飞机上食物变得很难吃?科学家的回答是--由于海拔升高的原因，气压的改变钝化了我们三分之一的味觉，我们的鼻子变得干燥，对气味不敏感.这也是为什么飞机餐通常比较"重口"(偏咸且偏辣)的原因.科学家和志愿者尝试用一些方法改善飞机上的用餐，但由于气压的变化的原因，想要让飞机餐变得好吃还是很难.
【解答】61.B 词义理解题.找到原句To solve this problem，airlines try hard to improve their food.这一句说到"improve their food"，可以推测this problem是和food有联系的，可以排除A选项;根据原句前面一句But it is common that they feel bad about food taste.Do you agree?可知是"食物很难吃"，因此答案为B.
62.C 推理判断题.根据To solve this problem，airlines try hard to improve their food.可知，为了解决食物难吃这个问题，航空公司努力改善他们的食物，故选C.
63.B 细节理解题.根据第三段句子 the change in air pressure(气压)reces one third of the sensibility(感觉)of our taste buds(味蕾)可知，气压的变化减弱了我们三分之一的味觉.故选B
64.D 推理判断题.仔细理解最后一段内容可知，Though scientists try their best，it is not as easy as they thought.Because they can't deal with the special environment successfully，such as the change in air pressure，making food taste good is still hard for them.科学家认为要解决这个问题不容易的原因是他们无法成功地处理这种特殊的环境，比如气压的改变.因此答案为D.
65.A 内容归纳题.本文主要讲了"飞机餐为什么难吃"，因此答案为A.
阅读理解【3】
Jenny is from New York.Her uncle works as a teacher in Qing，China.Last summer，Jenny went to China to visit her uncle and spent a week in Qing.Tina，her uncle’s daughter，took her to many interesting places.
They went to May—Fourth Square(五四广场).They went shopping in the shopping mall there.Jenny bought some clothes，books，CDs and some gifts for her friends.Then they climbed Laoshan Mountain.Jenny liked the beautiful flowers and enjoyed the warm weather there very much.She was tired but happy.They also went to the night market on the last day.There Jenny ate lots of nice food.It was really delicious and Jenny liked it very much.
Jenny really enjoyed her stay in Qing!
55.What does Jenny’s uncle do?
A.He’s a doctor.
B.He’s a policeman.
C.He’s a teacher.
D.He’s a farmer.
56.How long did Jenny stay in Qing?
A.Three days.B.Four days.
C.Five days. D.Seven days.
57.Who’s Tina?
A.Jenny’s sister. B.Jenny’s cousin.
C.Jenny’s friend. D.Jenny’s aunt.
58.What did they do on the last day of the trip?
A.They visited May—Fourth Square.
B.They climbed Laoshan Mountain.
C.They went to the night market.
D.They bought some gifts for Jenny’s friends.
答案 55-58 C D B C
;Ⅱ 初中七年级英语阅读理解题
初中七年级英语阅读理解题
以下是由我提供给大家的初中七年级的英语阅读理解题以及答案解析，有兴趣的朋友可以阅读练习一下哦!
第一篇：
It’s time for lunch! Today we have obento. In fact, “obento” is a word for lunch in Japanese. It’s tasty, healthy and eye-catching.
There are some interesting rules in an obento. First, rice is separated from the other dishes. Thus the rice won’t pick up any other flavors. Besides, there is the main dish and the two side dishes. The main dish can be anything from mplings, to fried chicken, to fish. And the side dish can be anything, like salad.
During obento making, you must learn to combine the food colours of red, yellow, and green. The red food will make people feel hungry, the yellow food is usually healthy, and the green food is full of vitamins. So if you can combine these colours well, you can make a good obento.
Nowadays the obento plays a great part in Japanese life. When a class goes for an outing, all the students will bring their mom-made obento. You see, the obento is always filled with love, just as a mother said, “I remember my mother making obento for me. Now I make obento for my daughter every day. Hopefully, she’ll make obento for her children too, with the same love.”
阅读短文，选择正确答案。
1. What does the underlined word mean?
A. 合并 B. 分开 C. 结合 D. 搅拌
2. How many dishes are there in an obento?
A. 2. B. 3. C. 4. D. 5.
3. Which colours are good for an obento?
A. red, yellow, and blue B. red, orange, and green
C. yellow, green, and red D. white, yellow, and green
4. What can we learn from the last paragraph?
A. The obento plays a great part in Japanese life at present.
B. When a class goes for an outing, no student will bring their mom-made obento.
C. As a mother said the obento is always filled with delicious food.
D. My daughter won’t make obento for her children with the same love.
5. The purpose of the passage is to tell us that .
A. the main dish of the obento can be anything
B. the red food will make people feel hungry
C. we can make a good obent with the three colours
D. we should make and eat more obento
第二篇：
Dear readers, I was shocked to learn that some of you were tearing up the SSP. You were also taking this nice little newspaper and, scissors in hand, cutting it into pieces! Why would anyone do such a thing? Was it anger? Vandalism? The answer, as it turned out, was a delightful surprise: you were just being very good students.
Many of you are using the SSP to improve your English. You are cutting out headlines, stories and pictures and pasting them in your notebooks. I have seen some of your work and it is very creative. The headlines, pictures and stories are cut and pasted on the left side pages of your notebooks. In the spaces between the cuttings, you have added clever drawings and clever comments. The right side pages of the notebooks you have used as word banks to build up your vocabulary.
The SSP is designed to be used in your schoolwork. The stories are written with the objective of being interesting and informative but they are also intended to help you with your studies. So it’s a good idea to save the SSP after you read it. So keep cutting up the SSP. I think it’s a great idea!
See how some creative students save the SSP on Page 8!
阅读短文，选择正确答案。
1. From the first paragraph we know that _____.
A. The writer was shocked about tearing up the SSP.
B. You were also cutting these nice magazines into pieces!
C. The one who did such a thing was anger and Vandalism.
D. The one who did such a thing was very bad student.
2. The purpose of using the SSP is .
A. to shock the readers B. to improve our English
C. destroy the newspapers D. to spend the boring time
3. What does the word “pasting” mean in Chinese?
A. 撕开B. 剪辑C. 黏贴D. 组合
4. The writer thinks that savings the SSP is _______.
A. terrible B. worried C. great. D. bad
5. Which of the following is NOT true from the passage?
A. I have seen some of your creative work.
B. There are word banks on the right side pages of the notebooks.
C. The SSP is designed to be used in your housework.
D. How creative the students save the SSP!
>>>>>>答案解析<<<<<<
第一篇：
【语篇解读】
“obento”是日本午餐便当，它的美味、健康且引人注目。它饭与菜市是分开的，一个主菜和两个小菜。而且主要由三种颜色组合而成的，作为母亲能为孩子做充满爱的日式便当就太好了。孩子们都很喜欢它们。
【长难句注释】
During obento making, you must learn to combine the food colours of red, yellow, and green. The red food will make people feel hungry, the yellow food is usually healthy, and the green food is full of vitamins. So if you can combine these colours well, you can make a good obento.
在日式便当时，你必须学会把红、黄、绿三种颜色的食品组合在一起。红色食物会让人觉得饿，黄色的食物通常是健康的，绿色的食品是富含维他命。所以，如果你能很好地结合这些颜色的话，你能做出一个好的便当。
1. B 词义猜测题 从短文第2段的第3个句子Thus the rice won’t pick up any other flavors. 可知。故选B。
2. B 细节理解题 从短文第2段的第4个句子Besides, there is the main dish and the two side dishes. 可知一个日式便当有一个主菜和两个小菜。故选B。
3. C 细节理解题 从短文第3段的第1个句子During obento making, you must learn to combine the food colours of red, yellow, and green. 可知对做日式便当有利的三种颜色是红黄绿。故选C。
4. A 推理判断题 从短文第4段的第1个句子Nowadays the obento plays a great part in Japanese life. 可知日式便当现在在日本扮演着重要的角色。故选A。
5. D 主旨大意题 短文的主题和中心思想是告诉我们应该多做和多吃日式便当。故选D。
第二篇：
【语篇解读】
我们的外教Larry惊讶地发现有一些读者在“破坏”SSP的报纸，而且还乐此不疲!竟然他们还是非常优秀的学生。原因是他们中有许多正在使用SSP来提高英语水平。SSP的目的是用在你的学业上。这些故事除了趣味性和知识性，也旨在帮助你的学习。
【长难句注释】
The SSP is designed to be used in your schoolwork. The stories are written with the objective of being interesting and informative but they are also intended to help you with your studies. So it’s a good idea to save the SSP after you read it.
SSP的'目的是用在你的学业上。这些故事都是带有趣味性和知识性的目的而写的，但他们也旨在帮助你的学习。所以在读完SSP报纸之后再裁剪下来是一个好主意。
1. A 细节理解题 从短文第1段的第1个句子Dear readers, I was shocked to learn that some of you were tearing up the SSP. 可知作者对一些读者在“破坏”SSP的报纸感到很震惊。故选A。
2. B 细节理解题 从短文第2段的第1个句子Many of you are using the SSP to improve your English. 可知使用SSP报纸的目的在于提高英语。故选B。
3. C 词义猜测题 从短文第2段的第2个句子You are cutting out headlines, stories and pictures and pasting them in your notebooks. 可知你在把标题、故事和图片剪出来并把它们黏贴在你的笔记本上。故选C。
4. C 观点态度题 从短文第3段的第5个句子I think it’s a great idea! 可知作者认为保存SSP报纸是好主意。故选C。
5. C 推理判断题 从短文第3段的第1个句子The SSP is designed to be used in your schoolwork. 可知SSP报纸不是被设计用在你的家务活上，而是在学业上。故选C。
;Ⅲ 七年级上册英语阅读理解题
初中七年级的英语阅读理解题以及答案解析推荐给大家，希望大家喜欢!
第一篇：
When world-famous Hong Kong actor, Stephen Chou (周星驰), gave up his role in The Green Hornet《青蜂侠》, it looked as if the movie might be finished! The director had to find a replacement before the rest of his cast lost faith in the project. Luckily, Jay Chou was ready to save the day!
Jay might be a new name to Americans (me, for example), but the Taiwanese singer, actor, writer and procer has been famous in China for years. The Asian world first knew Jay when he won a singing and piano contest in 1998. Since then, he has won too many music awards to count, written a book and gained respect as an actor. Jay plays the role of Kato (加藤) in The Green Hornet. Kato is an assistant to the lead character.
Jay is famous throughout the Asian world; now it is his chance to become known throughout the United States and Europe!
阅读短文，选择正确答案。
1. Where was Stephen Chou born?
A. Hong Kong. B. Taiwan. C. The United States. D. Europe.
2. Who would like to replace the actor Stephen Chou in The Green Hornet?
A. His teacher. B. Jay Chou. C. Kato. D. An assistant.
3. Jay Chou was well-known in before The Green Hornet.
A. The USA B. Asia C. Europe D. all over the world
4. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. Stephen Chou didn’t give up his role in The Green Hornet.
B. The director had to find nobody to replace Stephen Chou.
C. Jay has been famous in America and China for years.
D. Jay plays the role of an assistant in The Green Hornet.
5. It can be inferred from the passage that ______.
A. The director thought the movie must be finished!
B. The assistant would like to save the day!
C. The Asian world knew Jay for his singing and piano.
D. The Green Hornet is Kato’s chance to Hollywood.
第二篇：
In Jellystone Park, the bears Yogi and Boo Boo live happily. But they have a big problem now. Jellystone Park loses business (生意惨淡). Mayor (市长) Brown decides to close the park and sell the land.
People in the city will lose a beautiful park. Yogi and Boo Boo will lose their only home. The park keeper , Ranger Smith, will drive them out of (赶出) the park.
Yogi is smarter than the average (普通的) bear. He thinks of an idea. He and Boo Boo will work together with their “enemy (敌人)” Smith. They will find a way to save Jellystone Park together.
Will Smith help Yogi and Boo Boo? Can they save the park? Let’s see the movie Yogi Bear.
阅读短文，选择正确答案。
1. Why does Mayor Brown decide to close the park and sell the land?
A. Because the bears Yogi and Boo Boo live happily.
B. Because Yogi and Boo Boo have no friends there.
C. Because there is no business in Jellystone Park.
D. BecauseMayor Brown lives unhappily that day.
2. Where can we see the bears Yogi and Boo Boo?
A. At home. B. In a beautiful garden.
C. On the film. D. In a zoo.
3. From the second paragraph we know that _____.
A. people will have a beautiful park in the city
B. a beautiful park will be lost in the city
C. Yogi and Boo Boo will have another home
D. their only home will be more beautiful
4. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?
A. The park keeper will drive himself out of the park.
B. The bear Yogi is smarter than the average bear.
C. Yogi has an idea to work together with the park keeper.
D. They will find a way to save Jellystone Park together.
5. The last paragraph mainly tells us ______________.
A. to close the park
B. to help Mayor Brown
C. to see the park
D. to watch the film Yogi Bear
>>>>>>参考答案<<<<<<
第一篇：
【语篇解读】
当世界著名的香港演员周星驰放弃了他在《青蜂侠》的角色，导演不得不寻找替代者，幸运的是，周杰伦准备挽救大局!周杰伦对美国人来说可能是一个新的`名字，但在整个亚洲世界是著名的，现在这是他进军好莱坞的好机会!
【长难句注释】
Jay might be a new name to Americans (me, for example), but the Taiwanese singer, actor, writer and procer has been famous in China for years. The Asian world first knew Jay when he won a singing and piano contest in 1998.
周杰伦对美国人来说可能是一个新的名字(比如，我)，但这个台湾歌手、演员、作家和制片人在中国已经出名多年。亚洲世界第一次认识周杰伦是当他在1998年赢得了一个歌唱和钢琴比赛的时候。
1. A 细节理解题 从短文第1段的第1个句子When world-famous Hong Kong actor, Stephen Chou, gave up his role in The Green Hornet, it looked as if the movie might be finished! 可知周星驰是出生在香港的。故选A。
2. B 细节理解题 从短文第1段的第3个句子Luckily, Jay Chou was ready to save the day!
可知周杰伦愿意代替周星驰出演《青蜂侠》。故选B。
3. B 细节理解题 从短文第3段的第1个句子Jay is famous throughout the Asian world; now it is his chance to become known throughout the United States and Europe! 可知周杰伦在出演《青蜂侠》之前只是在亚洲出名。故选B。
4. D 推理判断题 从短文第2段的第4个句子Jay plays the role of Kato (加藤) in The Green Hornet. Kato is an assistant to the lead character. 可知周杰伦在《青蜂侠》是扮演一个主角的助手。故选D。
5. C 推理判断题从短文第2段的第2个句子The Asian world first knew Jay when he won a singing and piano contest in 1998. 可知亚洲人认识周杰伦是因为他的歌唱和钢琴。故选C。
第二篇：
【语篇解读】
今天我们要来认识一个可爱的小家伙—Yogi Bear，Yogi的家园快被拆除了，这就意味着他将流落街头。为了保卫自己的家园，聪明的Yogi想出了一个好办法，他们能否拯救公园?让我们一起来看看电影《瑜伽熊》吧!
【长难句注释】
In Jellystone Park, the bears Yogi and Boo Boo live happily. But they have a big problem now. Jellystone Park loses business. Mayor Brown decides to close the park and sell the land.
在杰里斯通公园，瑜珈熊和布布熊幸福的生活着。但他们现在有一个很大的问题了。 杰里斯通公园生意惨淡。布朗市长决定关闭公园和出售土地。
1. C 细节理解题 从短文第1段的第3个句子Jellystone Park loses business. 可知市长决定关闭公园并把土地出售的原因是杰里斯通公园生意惨淡。故选C。
2. C 细节理解题 从短文第4段的第3个句子Let’s see the movie Yogi Bear. 可知瑜伽熊和布布熊是电影里的角色，所以只有在电影上才可以看到他们。故选C。
3. B 细节理解题 从短文第2段的第1个句子People in the city will lose a beautiful park. 可知这个城里的人们将会失去一个美丽的公园。故选B。
4. A 推理判断题 从短文第2段的第3个句子The park keeper , Ranger Smith, will drive them out of the park. 可知公园管理人将会把瑜伽熊和布布熊赶出公园。故选A。
5. D 推理判断题 从短文第4段内容可知主要是想号召大家去看电影《瑜伽熊》。故选D。
Ⅳ 中考英语阅读的四种题型都是什么主旨 推断。。 还有什么题型
常见题型：一、主旨大意题阅读理解是对整个文章的目的、意图、观点、立场、态度以及内在的逻辑关系的理解，而不是断章取义的一孔之见，所以统览全篇和问题是很有必要的，这些问题会给你提供信息或暗示文章中的一些重要细节。在统览全篇的同时要注意抓住文章的中心大意，捕捉主题 句，因为一些显性的答案是可以从主题句中直接回答，而隐性的答案则是要通过对全篇的理解才能得出。主题句一般具有以下特征：1、概括全段思想。2、一般位于段首、段尾或位于段中，它通常是用单词、短语表达的。当然，有些短语没有完整的主题句，其主题只好依据整篇文章及上下文的语境，不是某句话的表面意思。3、解这种题目时，不能只凭文中的只言片语而断章取义，比如涉及文章的标题(title)、主题(main idea)、结论(conclusion)、结局(end)等有关问题，都需要在细读全文的基础上，结合所学语言知识、背景知识、生活常识、科学专业知识进行逻辑思维、推理、判断，从而获取文章中内隐的信息。主旨题常见的命题形式：(1) The main idea of this text may be…….(2) This passage is mainly about…….(3) The author's purpose in writing this text…….(4) Which of the following is the best title for the passage?(5) What’s the topic of the text?(6) The passage gives us is…...典型例题：如：2005年北京市中考题阅读理解C篇第二题：The second paragraph mainly tells us that ____.A. Japanese are always healthier than AmericansB. living in the US is not good for people’s healthC. if you eat too much fat you will have cancerD. the way we eat may cause some health problems答案为D。作者表明饮食方式造成人们的健康问题，提出了主题句，此外，为阐明主题思想，在主题之后以日本为例进一步解释说明此问题。这一类的段落包括三个层次，即：引题—主题—解释。如果学生把握了这类题型的特点就很容易得出结论。第四题：The greatest help the passage gives us is ____.A. to introce a food guide to the worldB. to provide us with knowledge of six food groupsC. to suggest a way of eating for a healthy lifeD. to find the main cause of some serious diseases答案为C。不同的饮食习惯给我们的健康生活带来了不同的影响，而不是提供各种类型食物的知识等，因此不能只凭文中的只言片语而断章取义，选择其它的选项。二、推断题这种题目有一定难度，往往不能直接从文中找到答案，而必须根据上下文及其相互间的关系或对整篇文章进行深层理解后，才能找到答案。有时甚至还得联系作者的态度、观点、意图、语气等弦外之音、文外之意加以推理，这些题目一般都是深层意义的题目，他们没有明示，大多数属于模糊性的，甚至是模棱两可。解答这类题时，要求同学予以高度重视注意从话题出发，充分运用自己的逻辑思维能力，从文章的内在含义和字里行间中，从作者的态度和取向中获取信息，做出正确的判断，应特别注意以下特征。1、吃透文章的表层意思，是推理的前提和基础；2、推理的根据来自于上下文；3、不能以自己的观点代替作者的观点；4、在提问中常用的词有suggest,mean,infer(推断),from the fact,indicate(暗示) conclusion，probably，likely，reason，because，according to"等。推断题常有的命题形式：
Ⅳ 初中英语阅读理解诶及答案
初中英语阅读理解诶及答案
读懂文本不仅是英语阅读理解正确解题的第一步，也是最关键的一步。下面是我分享的初中英语阅读理解，希望能对大家有所帮助!
阅读理解【1】
People often say that the Englishman’s home is his castle. They mean that the home is very important and personal to him. Most people in Britain live in houses rather than flats, and many people own their homes.
This means that they can make them indivial(个体的);they can paint them, and change them in any way they like. Most house have a garden, even if it is a very small one, and the garden is usually loved. The house and the garden are the private(私人的)space of the indivial.
People usually like to mark their space. Are you sitting now in your home or on a train?have you marked the space around yourself as your? If you are on the train you may put your coat or small bag on the seat beside you. If you share a flat you may have one corner or chair which is your own.
Once I was travelling on a train to London. I was in a section for four people and there was a table between us .The man on the space on my side of the table at all. I was angry. Maybe he thought that he owned the whole table. I had read a book about non-verbal communications o I took various papers out of my bag and put them on his briefcase! When I did this he stiffened and his eyes nearly popped(瞪出)out of his head. I had invaded(侵犯)his space! A few minutes later I took my papers off his case in order to read them. He immediately moved his case to his side of the table. Of course, it is possible that he just wanted to be helpful to me!
If you are visiting another country you may feel that you don’t have any private space. Hotel rooms look much the same in every country in the world. All day long ,you share public spaces with other people. You see the local people in their private spaces and you feel lonely and “outside”. Local people can create their private spaces by talking about things you don’t know about .And you even feel that they like you to be outside them so that they will enjoy being inside even more! This is one of the difficulties of being a traveler! But if you understand it then it helps you .Haven’t you enjoyed being part of a group and “owning” a bit of space?
1.The writer was angry as he was travelling on a train to London because______.
A. he had no place to sit
B. someone had invaded his “space”
C. too many people shared a section with him
D. some other people talked about things he didn’t know about
2. “… you feel lonely and ‘outside’”in paragraph 4 means that_______.
A. you are alone outside the house
B. you feel lonely because you travel on your own
C. you are alone and therefore you go outside to have some fun
D. you feel lonely and you don’t belong to that place or that group of people
3.In Paragraph 4 ,the pronoun “them’ refers to(所指) “___________”.
A. public spaces B. private spaces
C. local people D. other countries
4.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. British people dislike marking their space.
B. You always feel at home in another country.
C. Most British people prefer living in houses to flats.
D. You can’t mark your private space in a foreign country.
5.Tha main purpose of the passage is to tell readers to _______.
A. own private spaces by living in houses
B. have one corner of their own in public places
C. realize the importance of “space”in communication
D. create their private spaces by talking with local people
参考答案：1.B 2.D 3.C 4.C 5.C
阅读理解【2】
When you want to go shopping, decide how much money you can spend for new clothes. Think about the kind of clothes you really need. Then look for those clothes on sale(销售).
There are labels(标签)inside all new clothes. The labels tell you how to take care of your clothes. The label for a shirt may tell you to wash it in warm water. A sweater label may tell you to wash by washing in cold water. The label on a coat may say "dry clean only." Washing may ruin(损坏)this coat. If you do as the directions(说明)say on the label, you can keep your clothes looking their best. Many clothes today must be dry cleaned. Dry cleaning is expensive. When buying new clothes, check(核实)to see if they will need to be dry cleaned. You will save money if you buy clothes that can be washed.
You can save money if you buy clothes that are well made. Well-made clothes last longer. They look good even after they have been washed many times. Clothes that cost more money are not always better made. They do not always fit(合身)better. Sometime less expensive clothes look and fit better than more expensive clothes.
1.If you want to save money you can buy clothes that _____.
A. don’t fit you
B. don’t last long
C. need to be dry cleaned
D. can be washed
2.The label inside the clothes tell you______.
A. how to keep them looking their best
B. how to save money
C. whether they fit you or not
D. where to get them dry cleaned
3.The first thing for you to do before you buy clothes is ______.
A. to look for well-made clothes
B. to see how much money you can pay
C. to know how to wash them
D. to read the labels inside them
4.We learn from the reading that cheaper clothes ______.
A. are always worse made
B. must be dry cleaned
C. can not be washed
D. can sometimes fit you better
5.The best title(标题) for the reading should be ______.
A. Buying Less Expensive Clothes
B. Taking Enough Money When Shopping
C. Being a Clever Clothes Shopper
D. Choosing the Labels inside New Clothes
1.此题为理解题，从第二段Dry cleaning is expensive. You will save money if you buy clothes that can be washed.可以看出C答案不对，又可以从第三段很容易判断出A和B不对。
2.此题为理解题，第二段的第二句话应该被看作主题句。从此句可以看出该题答案选择A。一般说来，文章的段落常有概括中心思想的主题句，且多位于段首或段末，有时也会夹在中间。对无主题句的篇章，考生应对文章进行分析和归纳，然后概括中心思想。
3.此题为直接题，从文章第一段第一句可以看出答案选B。
4.此题为推理题，文章中虽然没有直接信息，但从文章第二段及第三段很容易推断出A，B，C答案都是错误的。又从第三段最后一句话可以推断出答案选D。
5.此题为概括题，此题考查文章的标题，主要针对文章的`主题、中心思想、文章的结构层次(主题句或主题段)，要求学生在理解全文后归纳短文要点，概括中心思想。考生归纳各段的主题句不难发现此题答案选择C。
阅读理解【3】
My friend Matt and I arrived at the Activity Centre on Friday evening. The accommodation wasn't wonderful，but we had everything we needed (beds，blankets，food)，and we were pleased to be out of the city and in the fresh air.
On Saturday morning we met the other ten members of our group. Cameron had come along with two friends，Kevin and Simon，while sisters Carole and Lynn had come with Amanda. There were some other members I didn't know. We had come from different places and none of us knew the area.
We knew we were going to spend the weekend outdoors，but none of us was sure exactly how. Half of us spent the morning caving while the others went rock-climbing and then we changed at lunchtime. Matt and I went to the caves(岩洞) first. Climbing out was harder than going in，but after a good deal of pushing， we were out at last. Though we were covered with mud，we were pleased and excited by what we'd done.
根据短文内容，选择正确答案。
1. The writer spent the Saturday morning _____.
A. rock-climbing
B. sleeping
C. meeting friends
D. caving
2. There were _____ members in all in the writer's group.
A. 6 B. 8 C. l0 D. 12
3. We can learn from the passage that _____.
A. some of the group had been there before
B. the group had done rock-climbing many times
C. some of the group already knew each other
D. group all came from the same city
4. The write thought her weekend was _____.
A. interesting B. relaxing
C. frightening D. unpleasant
5. This passage mainly talks about ____.
A. the writer's friends at the Activity Centre
B. the writer's experience at the Activity Centre
C. outdoor sports at the Activity Centre
D. how to go rock-climbing and caving
答案及解析：
1. 选D，根据文中说明Half of us spent the morning caving while the others went rock-climbing. Matt and I went to the caves(岩洞) first.可以判断出应该选择D。
2. 选D，Matt and I 还有the other ten members。
3. 选C，A. B. D.均可以从文中找到证据证明其是不正确的。我们知道Cameron had come along with two friends，可以知道C项是正确的。
4. 选A。
5. 选B，总揽全文，可以知道B项为最佳答案。
;Ⅵ 初中英语阅读理解题训练
初中英语阅读理解题训练
英语，语文，数学，历史，思想政治，思想品德等科目将贯穿初中三年。为了帮助大家学习英语，我分享了一些初中英语阅读理解，欢迎阅读!
卖雨伞的老人
Yesterday evening, when I went to town with my mother, we met a strange old man. It was raining hard and we had no umbrella(伞). We were trying to get into a taxi when he came up to us. He was carrying a nice umbrella and he said that he would give it to us for only a pound. He had forgotten his wallet, he said, needed taxi-fare(出租汽车费) to go back home. My mother didn’t believe what he had said at first, and asked him a lot of questions. But the old man didn’t get into a taxi. We followed(跟随) him and found he went into a pub(小酒店) and bought himself a glass of whiskey (威士忌) with the pound. After he drank it, he put on his hat and took up one of the many wet umbrellas there and went off with the new one. Soon after that, he sold it again.
1. The old man sold an umbrella to the writer and her mother.
2. He gave it to them for only a pound because he had forgotten his wallet and needed taxi fare to go back home.
3. The umbrella was worth more than one pound.
4. The old man sold his own umbrella.
5. He was an honest man.
参考答案与解析：
1. A 推理判断题。虽然文中不可直接找到答案，但由后文的bought himself a glass of whiskey (威士忌) with the pound.中pound前用的是the(那) 和he sold it again中的again(又)可推断出，作者和他母亲买了那个老人的伞。
2. B 事实细节题。由文中所述这个老人收钱后并没乘taxi回家，而是去pub喝酒可知。
3. A 推理判断题。他要将伞卖给作者时说for only a pound中的only可以推断，那把伞不只值1英镑。
4. B推理判断题。这个老头先卖给了作者一把伞，可是他喝酒后又took up one of the many wet umbrellas there，并将其很快卖掉，由此推断卖的并不是他自己的伞，而是别人的伞。
5. B推理判断题。这个老人原来说卖伞乘taxi回家，事实上是上pub喝酒，后来又拿别的雨伞去卖掉，由此可推断他是不诚实的。
前人栽树 后人乘凉
A rich man was once riding along the road and saw an old man digging in his garden. On the ground lay a young tree, ready to be planted. The rich man called out to the old man, “What kind of tree are you planting there, my good man?”
“This is a fig(无花果) tree, sir. ” He said.
“A fig tree?” the rich man was very surprised, “Why, how old are you, may I ask?”
“I am ninety years old.”
“What!” cried the rich man, “You’re ninety years old. You are planting a very young tree now and it’ll take years to give fruit. You certainly don’t hope to live long enough to get any fruit from this tree. ” The old man looked around the garden. Then he said with a smile, “Tell me, sir. Did you eat figs when you were a boy? ”“Sure,” the man did not know why he asked this question. “Then tell me this,” he said, “Who planted the fig trees?” “Why-why? I don’t know.” “You see, sir.” went on the old man,“Our forefathers(祖先) planted trees for us to enjoy and I am doing the same for the people after me.”
The rich man was quiet and said, “You are right，my good man. We should do some things for the people after us. Thank you very much.” Then he rode away.
根据短文内容回答下列各问题。
11.What tree was the old man planting when the rich man saw him?
________________________________________
12. How old was the old man?
_________________________________________
13. The old man was planting the tree to get himself some fruit to eat，wasn’t he? Who was he planting the tree for?
____________________________________________
14. Did the rich man eat figs when he was a boy?
____________________________________________
15. What should we do for the people after us?
_____________________________________________
参考答案与解析：
【文章大意】一位富人见一位90岁的老人在种无花果树，感到很惊讶。老人对他说，“我们的`祖先为我们栽树，供我们享受，我也为我的后人们做同样的事。”
11.He was planting a fig tree.
12. He was ninety years old.
13. No, he wasn’t. He was planting the tree for the people after him .
14. Yes, he did.
15. We should do some good things for the people after us.
展示自己的业余爱好
One day, Mr White told the class to get ready for a hobby show. All the students had the whole morning to get what they were going to show.
All the students came back on time except Bob, the laziest boy in his classmates’ eyes. It was very difficult to believe that such a boy could have a hobby. But to their surprise, Bob came back with many beautiful stamps in his hand. Mr White was very happy after watching them. However, Bob was going to take them back.
“Bob, you can’t take them back until the others watch them this afternoon,” said Mr White.
“But I’m sorry they are my brother’s,” he answered. “He doesn’t want them to be out of our home for long. He’s afraid that they will be lost.”
“Bob, you should show your own hobby here, not someone else’s” Mr White became a bit angry.
But Bob’s following words made him even angrier. “Mr White, it’s true that I have a hobby. My hobby is watching my brother collecting stamps.”
1. All the students ______ the whole morning in ______ready for the hobby show.
2. Bob was so______ that his classmates didn’t ______ he could have a hobby.
3. When Bob ______ to his classroom, he brought many beautiful ______.
4. The things in ______ hand were ______ his but his brother’s.
5. Bob thought he ______ a “hobby”. He liked ______ his brother collecting.
本文是个幽默故事，怀特先生叫全班学生展示自己的业余爱好，懒惰的Bob意外地带来了许多邮票。经老师盘问才知邮票是他哥哥集的，他的业余爱好就是爱他哥哥集邮。
参考答案与解析：
1. spent, getting
2. lazy, think / believe
3. returned, stamps
4.Bob’s, not
5.had, watching
;Ⅶ 初中英语阅读理解解题技巧 教你一眼看出正确答案
1、猜词题：根据上下文确定划线词或短语的准确含义。猜词题做题方法就是在划线词所在句子、段落中寻找正确答案。先看划线本句，再看前后句。根据大意推测该词含义。
2、细节题：这类题是针对文章的细节设计的。在阅读理解题中占据很大的比重，做好这类题是确保基础分的关键。弄清细节，正确获取信息，也是把握文章主旨的前提。细节题的做题方法主要是找关键词，有针对性地到文章中寻找细节，并结合选项。在做细节题的时候，认真分析每一个选项，每一个选项都能利用关键词在文章中找到出处，每找到一处一定要在下面划线做标记，顺手在旁边标上这是哪一题的哪个选项;除此之外，一定要将三错误选项都勾画出错误的地方，这样才能保证你选择的那个是正确答案。
3、推断题：在理解原文表面信息的基础上，做出判断和推理。得出其隐含意义和深层意思。考查对阅读材料全篇的逻辑关系的理解，对文章各段，各句之间的逻辑关系的理解能力。凡是推断题一定不选原文信息的同义表述。做这类题要依据作者所陈述的细节、事实以及作者的措词、态度和语气，找出能够表露作者思想倾向和感情色彩的词句，然后利用自己已获得的相关知识进行推理判断，从而得出符合逻辑的结论。
4、主旨题：此类题大多数针对段落或文章的主题思想、标题或目的。大多数是针对文章的细节设计的。此类题往往是阅读题中的难点。很多学生难以发现主旨选项。
Ⅷ 初一英语阅读理解解题技巧
初一英语阅读理解解题技巧
阅读理解是初中英语各类考试中的重要考点，掌握阅读理解的技巧对于提高英语成绩十分重要。不妨看看初一英语阅读理解解题技巧。
初一英语阅读理解解题技巧
1、细节理解题
*此类题主要考察学生对相关信息的识别能力， 答案一般在原文中能找到。
*答题时应迅速找到它的考察点，切不可望文生义或主观臆断。
*出题中所设的干扰项一般与文中的观点截然相反，要么不符，要么未涉及，相对容易排除。
2、文章(段落)主旨大意题
Which is the best title of the passage?
The writer thinks________.
The writer wants to tell us__________.
The main idea of the passage is________.
*切忌以点代面，以偏概全。文章的首尾句及各段的首尾句往往是探察全文内容的窗口，阅读时要学会找出文章的中心句。
*在阅读过程中，可通过略读来快速把握文章的'中心，阅读时视阈要宽，紧抓对主题句的搜索，按意群进行阅读，避免阅读中的出声、指读、复视或停顿。
*学会猜词、跳词阅读，以暂时记忆迅速在头脑中清晰把握文章的大意。
3、推理判断题
此类题需要透过文章信息进行深入的分析、综合、归纳等推断，需根据上下文及其内在联系对篇章进行深入的分析。
1) How many times did the tiger come into the village?
*每段的首句，含有重要的解题线索。
2) From the second paragraph we know_____.
*在把握全篇的基础上，细读这一段。
4、是非判断题
Which of the following is (NOT) true?
Which of the following descriptions about… is right?
*干扰项常常是无中生有，张冠李戴，以偏概全，扩大内容。
5、词意句意题
What does the word “…” mean in paragraph 3?
What does the sentence “…” really mean?
In the last paragraph, “…” means___.
What does the underlined word mean?
;Ⅸ 初中英语阅读理解的解题小技巧
初中英语阅读理解的解题小技巧
英语阅读题最重要的还是要多练习，只有多练习，才能把握其中的技巧和语感，这样答题的正确率才会不断提高。下面我给大家介绍初中英语阅读理解的解题小技巧，一起来学习吧!
一、细节事实
新课程标准有关阅读最基本的要求是“能从一般性文章中获取和处理主要信息”。对这种“获取和处理主要信息”能力的考查，主要采用的方式就是细节判断。
这类题在阅读理解题中占据半壁江山，做好这类题是确保基础分的关键。同时，弄清细节，正确获取信息，也是把握文章主旨的前提。因此，要特别重视做好这类题。
1细节事实题题干常见的问句形式
1)True or NOT true 是非判断类型：
Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage? Which of the following statements is NOT true? Which of the following is NOT considered as……? According to the passage， which of the following is NOT mentioned as one of the reasons for……?
2)特殊疑问词提问类型：
How many……?What/who/when/where/how/why……?
3)排序题类型：
Which of the orders is correct according to the passage?
4)例证题类型：
The author gives the example in……paragraph in order to ……
5)表唯一细节概念题类型：
……the most / ~est …………the only ……
2细节事实题的解题方法
做这类题的一般方法是先要找出题干或是选项中的关键字，一般为数字、大写或人名地名，再快速确定该细节在文中的出处(信息源)，仔细对照题干要求，排除或选择。
命题者在出这类题时惯用“偷梁换柱、张冠李戴”的手法来迷惑考生，即对原句细微处做改动，截取原文词语或结构进行改造，因果倒置，把A的观点说成B的观点等。
所以正确理解题干和信息句的意义是关键。细节事实题还要十分注意句子的非主干成分，如定语、状语、补语等，这些成分都是出题者常进行误导的落脚点。
是非判断一般都遵循对照选项进行“三对一错或三错一对”的判断。若该信息句是长句或难句，要学会找出其主干部分，分析句子结构，正确理解信息句的意义。一定要注意的是，要所答是所问，不要受到惯势思维的影响，习惯性地去选择正确的细节事实，切记要弄清问题，不要所答非所问。
1）例证题一定要注意以for example……，such as……等关键入手处，找出细节出处。
2）排序题要先仔细观察选项，找出首尾相同的选项分组，进而通过具体细节信息比较进行排除和选择。
3）唯一细节题一定要仔细审题，弄清题干所需。特别需要提醒的是，选项中出现有有most (最高级)、the only(唯一)、all(所有)、none(全否)修饰的细节，都具有绝对性，选择判断时要慎选。
二、主旨大意
此类题型用以考查学生对文章主题或中心思想的领会和理解能力。其中一类题型为主旨问题。
1主旨大意题题干常见的问句形式
1)主旨句设问类型：
What is the main idea of this passage?What does the passage maily talk about?We can conclude / learn from the passage that ……
2)最佳标题选择类型：
The best title for this passage is ……
3)作者主旨意图类型：
What does the writer want to tell us?Which can express the purpose of the writer according to the passage?
2主旨大意题的解题方法
主旨大意题一定要注意文章的首尾两段。如果首尾两段的主旨表达是一致的.，那么文章的主旨便是两段重复表明的语句内容表达。找出选项中与归纳的主旨表达重复最多的选项即为最佳答案。
如果首尾两段的主旨表达不一致，则需要观察文章的段落篇幅量是倾向于首段或是尾段，从而确定主旨段落。
在此过程中，观察篇幅量只需跳读文章段落的首句尾句即可，无需细读段落内容，以节省时间。如果文章只有一段，则注意文章的首两句及尾句，然后用以上的方法确定主旨句。
此外，标题选择即为主旨句的压缩表达，注意抓住主旨句进行主要词汇的提炼，把一个句子提炼为几个关键词，即是对主旨大意进行概括归纳的标题。而作者意图表达必须通过归纳中心主题才能找到，通常体现为advise，convince，present，propose，warn等。
三、推理判断
此类题的关键是要注意原文出现的语句不是我们做出的推理判断，而是原文给出的细节信息，所以原文语句不能选。判断时对已知的事实仔细评价后做出的合理决定并非唯一决定，要对事实进行合乎情理的判断，有时还需借助常识进行判断。
推理判断题分两种，即对细节的推理和对主旨的推理。主要以We can infer / imply / learn from this passage that ……等进行提问。
解决此类题要注意，一是与原文相同的细节不能选，二是文中没有出现的细节不能跳出文章做推断。解题过程中只要注意上述两点，再结合做细节和主旨的方法，即可以做出推理判断题。
四、词义猜测题
词义猜测是利用上下文语境对某些生词、难句做出推测和判断。该题旨在考查学生根据上下文推断词汇的能力，因而，所考单词的意义通常超出大纲范围。
常见形式有：
1）The word / phrase…… means / refers to……
2）From the passage，we can infer the word…… is closest in meaning to……
3）What does the word…… in paragraph……mean?
要做好此类题，要注意四点。
第一，要熟练掌握大纲单词，平时注意积累生词和短语。
第二，要把词放到句子里，把句子放在句群里。
第三，注意词、句的位置，确定结构关系。
第四，要善于利用连词、代词及词性、同义词法、反义词法等进行判断选择。
;Ⅹ 初中英语阅读理解题型
初中英语阅读理解题型
英语阅读理解题是中考英语常见的题型之一,且占比分较大,让学生熟悉常见的题型,掌握正确的答题技巧及解题步骤,可收到"事半功倍"的效果。下面就由我来跟大家介绍一下初中英语阅读理解常见题型及答题技巧吧!
【初中英语阅读理解题型及解题技巧】
(一)主旨题
主旨题主要考查学生对短文中心思想或作者意图的掌握。做此类题时，应通读全文，理解文章大意，充分理解主题句的意义。短文往往围绕主题句展开，主题句通常出现在短文第一句或最后一句。
(二)细节题
细节题是用来进一步表达主题，体现中心思想的，往往针对短文某个细节来设题。做此类题时，应快速捕捉信息，可能是一些事例、数字等，阅读时要有针对性。
(三)推断题
推断题就是根据某个事实推断结论，主要考查学生的理解力和推断力。这类推断通常包括：数据事实推断、常识推断以及作者的写作目的、态度和倾向等的推断。做此类题时，应根据短文中的相关语句，对与事实有关的细节加以分析，找出线索，悟出字里行间的意思，反复比较，从而作出合乎逻辑的判断。
(四)猜测词义题
猜测词义题主要考查学生根据上下文正确判断灵活变化的词义能力。一般情况下，推断词义的题目中所出现的单词，大多数是学生未曾见过的生词，学生需要在该词出现的上下文中去寻找线索。通过阅读上下文，断定该词的真正含义，然后将这个释义代入文中，检查是否贴切，仔细比较直到得出该词的确切的含义。
(五)正误判断题
正误判断题主要考查学生对文章的具体事实、信息的理解能力。一般是根据文章的事实或细节，给出一个句子，判断其正误。这类题比较直接，难度相对较小。做此类题时，应先看题，后带着“问题”快速阅读短文，寻找所需要的信息。 初中英语阅读理解题已成为评估学生英语水平的重要测试题型，在中考英语试卷中所占比重较大。阅读理解题主要是考查学生综合运用所学语言知识的能力，包括细节理解能力、词义判断能力、归纳概括能力及逻辑推理能力等。大致来说，阅读理解题主要针对如下方面：
(1) 个别词语或句子;(2)某一细节或情节;(3)主题;(4)背景知识;(5)结论或结局;(6) 内涵隐意或寓意等。下面本人就根据阅读理解题的题型特点，来谈一些答题技巧。
一、直接理解题
这种题目比较简单，只要通读全文，了解文中所叙述的重要事实或细节就可以解答出来，有的甚至可以从文章的原句中直接找到答案。此类题目的出题形式很多，例如：
(1)Which of the following statements is true / false?
(2)Which of the following is(not)mentioned?
(3)How many / How much / Where / How / What„„?
(4)What does the writer think about?
(5)Which is the right order of the events given in thepassage?
要快速辨认和记忆事实或细节，就需要恰当地使用查阅的方法。查阅是读者在对材料有所了解的情况下进行的，它的特点是带着问题去寻找答案，往往与略读综合使用，具体方法与步骤如下：
(1)略读材料，了解原文大意，掌握其中心意思或主旨。
(2)按文章的体裁、作者写作的组织模式及有关信息词，如for example，first，second„„预测应该到何处寻找自己所需要的事实。
(3)将自己的精力放在寻找所需要的细节上，快速通篇阅读，眼睛自左至右、自下而上呈Z形扫视，待找到含有相关细节的句子时，就要放慢速度，仔细核对，比较内容，直至找到答案。
二、语义理解题
在阅读中，我们经常会遇到一些生词，需要根据上下文猜测它们的意思。此类问题考查学生紧扣原文，根据上下文语境判断单词、词语或短句意义的能力。常见的题型有：直接对生词进行解释;对多义词或短语在文章具体语言环境中的意义作出准确判断;对英语中的一些格言或谚语进行解释;对文中一些代词的指代对象作出界定等。这种题型常见的设题方式如下：
(1)The underlined word(phrase)in the passage means______.
(2)The word“it/them”in the first paragraph refers to______.
(3)The underlined sentence in the last paragraph means____.
(4)What does the underlined word“„”refer to______.
(5)By „ the writer means______.
在做此类题时，考生应紧扣原文，根据上下文语境进行判断，切不要望文生义或断章取义，也不能只选择自己熟悉的意思。猜测词义的常见方法有：
1)根据构词法猜测词义;
(2)根据上下文猜测词义;
(3)根据定义或解释猜测词义;
(4)根据同义词、反义词以及对比关系猜测词义;
(5)根据生活常识猜测词义。
三、逻辑推理题
推理判断试题属于深层阅读理解题。它要求考生尽量考虑文中全部信息或事实，在通篇理解文章的基础上，严格按照作者提供的信息推断出作者的言外之意。这种题型常见的设题方式有：
(1)From the text，it can be inferred that______.
(2)The passage suggests that______.
(3)Which of the following best describes______.
(4)The writer’s attitude towards„is______.
(5)From the text，we learn that______.
这种题目有一定难度，解答时必须根据上下文及相互间的关系或对整篇文章进行深层理解后，才能找到答案。有时甚至还得联系作者的意图、态度等文外之意加以推理。解此类题目可从以下几方面入手：
(1)根据常识判断。即解题时，除弄清文意外，还需借助生活常识、风土人情、传说掌故、名人轶事等进行判断。
(2)根据知识判断。即解题时，运用一些一般性知识，如天文、地理、文学、艺术、科技等自然科学和社会科学知识。
(3)根据计算判断。即解题时，运用一些数学知识进行和差、面积、体积、速度等方面的运算。
(4)根据情节判断。即解题时，从情节所提供的基本事实出发，寻找一定规律，如时间关系、条件关系、因果关系、比较关系、转折关系等作为推理根据。这种题目最容易出现，考生要从时间、地点、事件的情节安排与发展中，深入探讨其逻辑关系及隐喻、引申等因素。
四、归纳总结题
这种题型要求学生在理解全文的基础上，对文章进行归纳、概括或评价。解这种题目时，不能只凭文中的只言片语而断章取义，如涉及文章的标题(title)、主题(main idea)、结论(conclusion)、结局(end)等有关问题，都需要在细读全文的基础上，结合所学语言知识进行逻辑思维、推理、判断，从而获取文章中的内在信息。常见的设题方式有：
(1)The general idea of the passage is about______.
2)The main idea of the article is______.
(3)The main purpose of this selection is______.
4)The passage suggests that______.
5)Which of the following best states the theme of thepassage?
具体解题时，应注意一些技巧：
(1)首先看短文的开头和结尾，确定短文题材，预测其内容。每段的第一句话往往会提供重要信息，可以帮助我们搜索各段落乃至整篇文章的大意。
(2)速读全文，整体理解短文大意，抓住关键词语，弄清文章的主旨。
(3)根据已知短文内容，着手解题。可先将文后的选择题看一下，然后带着问题再去阅读。这样做，一方面有助于对文章进一步理解，另一方面可以有针对性地从文章中寻找答案。
(4)迅速复读全文，检查自己的理解是否正确，所选答案是否前后矛盾。通过全面考虑，最后确定答案。
一.教学大纲对阅读理解的要求
(一)初中英语教学大纲对学生阅读上的基本要求：
1.能阅读难度相当于课文的材料，理解其大意。
2.能独立阅读所学语言知识范围内的材料，生词率不超过3%。
3.阅读速度要求每分钟50-70词。
(二)中考阅读理解的考点
1.文章的话题—略读文章，领会文章大意的题。
2.文章的中心题—归纳，概括的能力。
3.文章的细节—扫读或细读文章，以获得某些特地信息或准确的寻找所需细节的能力。
4.文章的寓意，结论-领会作者的言外之意或推断出文章的结论。
5.生词词意，猜词—对生词词意的判断能力。
(三)中考阅读理解考察的文体
1.记叙文—抓住人物，地点，时间，情节发展线索。
2.说明文—要以事物为中心进行思考。抓住事物的特征，用途，相互关系等。
(四)解题思路与技巧
1.快速浏览全文，掌握大意。
2.仔细审题，分析比较选项 。
3.带着问题复读，捕捉关键信息，解答问题。
4.再读全文，核对答案。
二.阅读理解题型及解题技巧
从近几年的中考阅读理解情况看，短文体裁多样，题材各异，文章涉及科学知识、社会文化、政治历史、人文环境和日常生活等方面，
充分体现其时代性、实用性。短文难度逐年加大。常见题型有主旨题、细节题、推断题、猜测词义题和正误判断题。
做阅读理解练习应先看问题，弄清考点。在阅读短文之前，快速浏览问题，以便在阅读短文时做到心中有数，快速、准确地捕捉所要信息。先易后难。做题时不必拘泥于书中所呈现的语篇顺序，应遵循先易后难的原则。如可先做细节题再做推断题，因为细节题大多能直接从文中找到答案，而推断题则需对短文进行深层理解，再作判断。
(一)主旨题
主旨题主要考查学生对短文中心思想或作者意图的掌握。做此类题时，应通读全文，理解文章大意，充分理解主题句的意义。短文往往围绕主题句展开，主题句通常出现在短文第一句或最后一句。
(二)细节题
细节题是用来进一步表达主题，体现中心思想的，往往针对短文某个细节来设题。做此类题时，应快速捕捉信息，可能是一些事例、数字等，阅读时要有针对性。
(三)推断题
推断题就是根据某个事实推断结论，主要考查学生的理解力和推断力。这类推断通常包括：数据事实推断、常识推断以及作者的写作目的、态度和倾向等的推断。做此类题时，应根据短文中的.相关语句，对与事实有关的细节加以分析，找出线索，悟出字里行间的意思，反复比较，从而作出合乎逻辑的判断。
(四)猜测词义题
猜测词义题主要考查学生根据上下文正确判断灵活变化的词义能力。一般情况下，推断词义的题目中所出现的单词，大多数是学生未曾见过的生词，学生需要在该词出现的上下文中去寻找线索。通过阅读上下文，断定该词的真正含义，然后将这个释义代入文中，检查是否贴切，仔细比较直到得出该词的确切的含义。
1.通过因果关系猜词
通过因果关系猜词，首先是找出生词与上下文之间的逻辑关系，然后才能猜词。有时文章借助关联词(如because，as，since，for，so，thus，as a result，of course，therefore等等)表示前因后果。例如：
You shouldn't have blamed him for that，for it wasn't his fault.通过for引出的句子所表示的原因(那不是他的错)，可猜出blame的词义是"责备"。
2.通过同义词和反义词的关系猜词
通过同义词猜词，一是要看由and或or连接的同义词词组，如happy and gay，即使我们不认识gay这个词，也可以知道它是愉快的意思;二是看在进一步解释的过程中使用的同义词，如Man has known something about the planets Venus，Mars，and Jupiter with the help of spaceships.此句中的Venus(金星)、Mars(火星)、Jupiter(木星)均为生词，但只要知道planets就可猜出这几个词都属于"行星"这一义域。通过反义词猜词，一是看表转折关系的连词或副词，如but，while，however等;二是看与not搭配的或表示否定意义的词语，如：He is so homely，not at all as handsome as his brother.根据not at all...handsome我们不难推测出homely的意思，即不英俊、不漂亮的意思。
3.通过构词法猜词
在阅读文章时，我们总会遇上一些新词汇，有时很难根据上下文来推断其词意，而它们对文章的理解又有着举足轻重的作用，此时，如掌握了一些常用的词根、前缀、后缀等语法知识，这些问题便不难解决了。
4.通过定义或释义关系来推测词义
例如：But sometimes，no rain falls for a long，long time. Then there is a dry period，or drought.
从drought所在句子的上文我们得知很久不下雨，于是便有一段干旱的时期，即drought，由此可见drought意思为"久旱"，"旱灾"。而a dry period和drought是同义语。这种同义或释义关系常由is，or，that is，in other words，be called或破折号等来表示。
5.通过句法功能来推测词义
例如：Bananas，oranges，pineapples，coconuts and some other kind of fruit grow in warm areas.假如pineapples和coconuts是生词，我们可以从这两个词在句中所处的位置来判断它们大致的意思。从句中不难看出pineapples，coconuts和bananas，oranges是同类关系，同属fruit类，因此它们是两样水果，准确地说，是菠萝和椰子。
6.通过描述猜词
描述即作者为帮助读者更深更感性地了解某人或某物而对该人或该物作出的外在相貌或内在特征的描写。例如：The penguin is a kind of sea bird living in the South Pole. It is fat and walks in a funny way. Although it cannot fly，it can swim in the icy water to catch the fish.从例句的描述中可以得知penguin是一种生活在南极的鸟类。后面更详尽地描述了该鸟类的生活习性。
(五)正误判断题
正误判断题主要考查学生对文章的具体事实、信息的理解能力。一般是根据文章的事实或细节，给出一个句子，判断其正误。这类题比较直接，难度相对较小。做此类题时，应先看题，后带着“问题”快速阅读短文，寻找所需要的信息。
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