關於英語發展史的英語閱讀文章
Ⅰ 拜託各位 找一篇有關歷史的英語短文
不知道你是要近代史，古代史，中國的還是外國的？
這篇文章是關於 Instrial Revolution 產業革命，工業革命
The Instrial Revolution began in the Midlands area of England and spread throughout England and into continental Europe and the northern United States in the 19th century. Before the improvements made to the pre-existing steam engine by James Watt and others, all manufacturing had to rely for power on wind or water mills or muscle power proced by animals or humans. But with the ability to translate the potential energy of steam into mechanical force, a factory could be built away from streams and rivers, and many tasks that had been done by hand in the past could be mechanized. If, for example, a lumber mill had been limited in the number of logs it could cut in a day e to the amount of water and pressure available to turn the wheels, the steam engine eliminated that dependence. Grain mills, thread and clothing mills, and wind driven water pumps could all be converted to steam power as well.
Shortly after the steam engine was developed, a steam locomotive called The Rocket was invented by George Stephenson, and the first steam-powered ship was invented by Robert Fulton. These inventions, and the fact that machines were not taxed as much as people, caused large social upheavals, as small mills and cottage instries that depended on a stream or a group of people putting energy into a proct could not compete with the energy derived from steam. With locomotives and steamships, goods could now be transferred very quickly across a country or ocean, and within a reasonably predictable time, since the steam plants provided consistent power, unlike transportation relying on wind or animal power.
One question that has been of active interest to historians is why the Instrial Revolution occurred in Europe and not in other parts of the world, particularly China. Numerous factors have been suggested including ecology, government, and culture. Benjamin Elman argues that China was in a high level equilibrium trap in which the non-instrial methods were efficient enough to prevent use of instrial methods with high capital costs. Kenneth Pommeranz in the Great Diveregence argues that Europe and China were remarkably similar in 1700 and that the crucial differences which created the Instrial Revolution in Europe were sources of coal near manufacturing centers and raw materials such as food and wood from the New World which allowed Europe to economically expand in a way that China could not.
The transition to instrialisation was not wholly smooth, for in England the Luddites - workers who saw their livelihoods threatened - protested against the process and sometimes sabotaged factories.
Instrialisation also led to the creation of the factory, and was largely responsible for the rise of the modern city, as workers migrated into the cities in search of employment in the factories.
http://artzia.com/History/Ideas/Instrial_Revolution/
Ⅱ 求一個關於公司發展小歷史的英文文章
隨便找個公司的網站，把它英文版本的發展史COPY一下就OK拉，（貼一個上來，順便做一下宣傳，呵呵）
BOSUN TOOLS GROUP CO., LTD., situated in Shijiazhuang State Hi-tech Zone and covering a total area of more than 200,000 m2, is a National Hi-tech Enterprise specializing in researching and manufacturing of diamond tools, power tools and TCT tools. It was founded in 1994 and has now developed into a world famous company with over 1000 employees. BOSUN has founded two subsidiaries in USA and Singapore respectively and has an Office in Germany. Its sales network has covered every piece of land in China and over 30 countries in the world. Furthermore, the brand of BOSUN is the Famous Brand of China.
With a provincial R&D Center and more than eighty national patents, Bosun has established a full range of procts - over 2000 types altogether - in diamond tools, power tools and TCT tools. Many of them are involved in the National Torch Project and the National Project of Important New Procts. Its main procts have been certificated by the MPA and EN 13236. The power tools of Bosun has been certificated by CE of Europe Union. Bosun was the first to introce the ORACLE ERP system among the same instry and was fully certificated by ISO9001.
Always following the ideology- MAKE IT EASIER FOR THE CLIENTS, Bosun is trying its best to establish its brand in the world in order to make itself a famous procing, researching and exporting base in professional diamond tools, power tools, TCT tools, petroleum mechanism and new abrasive materials.
Ⅲ 英語80字左右作文(關於英語發展史)
Historical development of the English language can be divided into three phases, namely: old English ，medieval English and modern English .When English change into modern English stage.Foreign words into English in more than 50 languages, such as French, German, Russian and so on. This means that English is coming modern English
Ⅳ 誰有關於英語歷史和發展的文章！
民族偏見National Prejudices
As I an one of that sauntering tribe of mortals, who spend the greatest part of thime in taverns, coffeehouses, and other places of public resort, I have thereby an opportunity of observing an infinite variety of characters, which, to a person of a contemplative turn, is a much higher entertainment than a view of all the curiosities of art or nature. In one of these, my late rambles, I accidentally fell into the company of half a dozen gentlemen, who were engaged in a warm dispute about some pome political affair; the decision of which, as they were equally divibeb in their sentiments, they thought proper to refer to me, which naturally drew me in for a share of the conversation.
Amongst a multiplicity of other topics, we took occasion to talk of the different characters of the several nations of Europe;when one of the gentlemen, cocking his hat, and assuming such an air of importanceas if he had possessed all the merit of the English nation in his own person, declared that the Dutch were a parcel of avaricious wretches;the French a set of flattering sycophants, that the Germans were drunkensots, andbeastlyglutton, and the Spaniards proud, haughty, and surly tyrants; but that in bravery, generosity, clemency, and in every other virtue, the Eiglish excelled all the rest of the world.
This very learned and judicious remark was received with a general smile of approbation by all the company--all, I mean, but your humble servant; who, endavouring to keep my gravity as well as Icould, and reclining my head upon my arm, continued for some time in a posture of affected thoughtfulness, as if Ihad been musing on something else, and did not seem to attend to the subject of converstion; hoping by these means to avoid the disagreeable necessity of explaining myself...
Ⅳ 我想要找一篇關於英語發展史的英語文章，拜託啦
希望能幫到你 O(∩_∩)O~
What is English?
History of the English Language
A short history of the origins and development of English
The history of the English language really started with the arrival of three Germanic tribes who invaded Britain ring the 5th century AD. These tribes, the Angles, the Saxons and the Jutes, crossed the North Sea from what today is Denmark and northern Germany. At that time the inhabitants of Britain spoke a Celtic language. But most of the Celtic speakers were pushed west and north by the invaders - mainly into what is now Wales, Scotland and Ireland. The Angles came from Englaland and their language was called Englisc - from which the words England and English are derived.
Germanic invaders entered Britain on the east and south coasts in the 5th century.
Old English (450-1100 AD)
The invading Germanic tribes spoke similar languages, which in Britain developed into what we now call Old English. Old English did not sound or look like English today. Native English speakers now would have great difficulty understanding Old English. Nevertheless, about half of the most commonly used words in Modern English have Old English roots. The words be, strong and water, for example, derive from Old English. Old English was spoken until around 1100.
Middle English (1100-1500)
In 1066 William the Conqueror, the Duke of Normandy (part of modern France), invaded and conquered England. The new conquerors (called the Normans) brought with them a kind of French, which became the language of the Royal Court, and the ruling and business classes. For a period there was a kind of linguistic class division, where the lower classes spoke English and the upper classes spoke French. In the 14th century English became dominant in Britain again, but with many French words added. This language is called Middle English. It was the language of the great poet Chaucer (c1340-1400), but it would still be difficult for native English speakers to understand today.
Modern English
Early Modern English (1500-1800)
Towards the end of Middle English, a sudden and distinct change in pronunciation (the Great Vowel Shift) started, with vowels being pronounced shorter and shorter. From the 16th century the British had contact with many peoples from around the world. This, and the Renaissance of Classical learning, meant that many new words and phrases entered the language. The invention of printing also meant that there was now a common language in print. Books became cheaper and more people learned to read. Printing also brought standardization to English. Spelling and grammar became fixed, and the dialect of London, where most publishing houses were, became the standard. In 1604 the first English dictionary was published.
Late Modern English (1800-Present)
The main difference between Early Modern English and Late Modern English is vocabulary. Late Modern English has many more words, arising from two principal factors: firstly, the Instrial Revolution and technology created a need for new words; secondly, the British Empire at its height covered one quarter of the earth's surface, and the English language adopted foreign words from many countries.
Varieties of English
From around 1600, the English colonization of North America resulted in the creation of a distinct American variety of English. Some English pronunciations and words "froze" when they reached America. In some ways, American English is more like the English of Shakespeare than modern British English is. Some expressions that the British call "Americanisms" are in fact original British expressions that were preserved in the colonies while lost for a time in Britain (for example trash for rubbish, loan as a verb instead of lend, and fall for autumn; another example, frame-up, was re-imported into Britain through Hollywood gangster movies). Spanish also had an influence on American English (and subsequently British English), with words like canyon, ranch, stampede and vigilante being examples of Spanish words that entered English through the settlement of the American West. French words (through Louisiana) and West African words (through the slave trade) also influenced American English (and so, to an extent, British English).
Today, American English is particularly influential, e to the USA's dominance of cinema, television, popular music, trade and technology (including the Internet). But there are many other varieties of English around the world, including for example Australian English, New Zealand English, Canadian English, South African English, Indian English and Caribbean English.
Ⅵ 「這篇課文講述了英語的發展史。英語隨著時間的流逝而發生了變化，且全世界的人們都說英語。」用30單詞...
This text tells the history of English. English with the passage of time changed, and people all over the world speak English
Ⅶ 有關中古英語發展歷程的英文作文
What is English?
History of the English Language
A short history of the origins and development of English
The history of the English language really started with the arrival of three Germanic tribes who invaded Britain ring the 5th century AD.These tribes,the Angles,the Saxons and the Jutes,crossed the North Sea from what today is Denmark and northern Germany.At that time the inhabitants of Britain spoke a Celtic language.But most of the Celtic speakers were pushed west and north by the invaders - mainly into what is now Wales,Scotland and Ireland.The Angles came from Englaland and their language was called Englisc - from which the words England and English are derived.
Germanic invaders entered Britain on the east and south coasts in the 5th century.
Old English (450-1100 AD)
The invading Germanic tribes spoke similar languages,which in Britain developed into what we now call Old English.Old English did not sound or look like English today.Native English speakers now would have great difficulty understanding Old English.Nevertheless,about half of the most commonly used words in Modern English have Old English roots.The words be,strong and water,for example,derive from Old English.Old English was spoken until around 1100.
Ⅷ 英語的發展史
盧恩語(Futhark)→古英語(即盎格魯-撒克遜語)(Old English、Anglo-Saxon)→英國英語(English)
1.英語的發展要追溯到公元410年，羅馬人離開不列顛之後，日耳曼部族包括盎格魯、薩克遜開始湧入。
2.羅馬人走了，沒有留下他們使用的拉丁語。反倒是實用的盎格魯薩克遜語言進入到當地人的語言，帶去了新的詞彙。
3.公元597年，基督教傳入英國。基督教的流行，使當地人更容易接受拉丁文的怪字，如「martyr（烈士）」, 「bishop」和 「font」。
4.公元800年，丹麥人入侵英國。維京語言給英語帶來了好戰意味明顯的詞彙，英語中共有2000個詞彙源於維京人。
5.1066年,征服者威廉入侵不列顛，帶來了來自海峽對岸的法語。法語成為了上層階級與官方事務用語。總的來講，英文大概從諾曼語中吸收了一萬多個單詞。
6.1337 年，英法百年戰爭開始。在這116年的爭斗中，英語吸收了法語中的戰爭詞彙，如「armies」, 「navies」 及 「soldiers「， 並逐步取代法語，成為當權者的語言。
7.100年之後誕生了莎士比亞。字典告訴我們，莎士比亞大概發明了2000多個新字，包括好用的詞彙還有很多當時的流行詞彙。
8.1611年出現了詹姆士王版聖經。新聖經使用了所有人都能理解的語言，使得聖經中的教訓不再是「王宮粉牆上」的文字，而是手中的小冊，並有傳教士在每間教堂宣傳。
9.17世紀，科學得到了迅速的發展。皇家學院的科學家們一開始用拉丁文溝通，後來發現其實用自己的母語英文會更簡潔。新事物的發現產生了許多新的詞彙。
10.在日不落帝國迅速擴張時期，英語從殖民地不同的語言中吸收了許多新的詞彙與表達。據統計，在1815年到1914年期間，新變種的英文得以在世界各地發展。
11.隨著英文向四面八方擴張，詞典編纂者也隨之出現，這些人想要解決拼字不統一的無政府狀態。於是約翰遜博士花了九年編成了一本英文字典，促成了拼寫的統一。
12.英語由古代從丹麥等斯堪的納維亞半島以及德國、荷蘭及周邊移民至不列顛群島的盎格魯、撒克遜以及朱特部落的白人所說的語言演變而來，並通過英國的殖民活動傳播到了世界各地。
13.在19至20世紀，英國以及美國在文化、經濟、軍事、政治和科學在世界上的領先地位使得英語成為一種國際語言。如今，許多國際場合都使用英語做為溝通媒介。
(8)關於英語發展史的英語閱讀文章擴展閱讀
古英語受低地日耳曼語影響很大，比如動詞，基本詞彙，發音，復合詞結構，形態變化很復雜，但是與現代的標准德語還是有很大的區別。
現代英語並非起源或演變自羅曼語族亦或是法語，但是數萬現代英語詞彙，很大一部分來自法語，約5萬英語詞彙與法語接近甚至是完全相同，現代英語和多數現代歐洲語言都改用字母拼寫。
現代英語所使用的拼寫字母，也是完全借用了26個字母。所謂「英語字母」，就是古羅馬人在書寫時所使用的拼寫字母。
英語開始以拉丁字母作為拼寫系統大約是在公元六世紀盎格魯撒克遜時代。
參考資料
英語-網路
Ⅸ 關於英語歷史發展的感慨的英語作文
The history of English can be traced back to around 500 BC. On the island of Great Britain (Great Britain) the earliest historical records of the language is around 500 BC, Celtic (Celtic). In 55 BC, the Romans invaded Britain, and has been occupied about 500 years, Latin into the region, and became the official language, the status of the Celtic. About A.D. 449, living in Denmark and northern Germany three Germanic tribes before the invasion of the fall of the Roman empire to the island of Great Britain. They are respectively anglos (Angles, into the central Jutland peninsula), Saxon people (Saxons, into the south Jutland peninsula) and Jutes (Jutes, invasion of northern Jutland peninsula). In language, they replaced the Celtic was use. The three Germanic tribes dialect with the social development, graally merged into a new language, namely a Anglo Saxon (Anglo - Saxon), which is then form the basis for English. To 700 AD, people on the island of Great Britain three tribe called Englisc hybrid form of language. By 1000, the country on the island called Englaland. These two words and then translated into English (English) and England or the UK (England) this is English and England history origin of the two words.
The late 8th century, Denmark's National People's Congress, invaded Britain in the North-East area, Denmark, which lasted nearly 300 years, was brought about by the Scandinavian language has a great influence on the development of English. In 1066 AD, the ke of shooting the Norman French, British, and crowned king of England, and established the Norman dynasty, until 1154. During the Norman's dynastic rule, the British, in fact, there are three kinds of language, French is the official language; Latin is religious language, used to read the bible, church, religious activities; English is the underclass in secular language workers. French special status in Britain until the 14th century, courts, schools, court in 1362, 1385, 1399 to stop the use of French. A bible written in English in 1382, ended the Latin religious language status. At this time English became Britain's national language. So English retains a lot of French words (such as age, air, brush, cry, bourgeoisie) and Latin vocabulary (angel, based, moke, Pope).
In \"the Renaissance\" period (in the 14th century - 16th century), because the people of ancient Greek and Roman culture showed a great interest in study, English and absorbed a large number of ancient society and the European continent culture essence, a huge increase in vocabulary. For example, from the Greek geometry, event, botany; French communists, alloy, surpass; Spanish banana, cocoa, mosquito; Italian violin, piazza.
Rise in the 18th century, Britain's instrial revolution, the colonial scramble to make English along with the development of the empire in the world. Therefore, in and around to absorb a large number of new words. Such as the African zebra, chim - pazee; Cashmere from India, shampoo; From the Chinese tea, litchi; The kangaroo from Australia, boomerang; From the west Indies cannibal, canoe. Due to the development of the British colony and to a large number of overseas immigrants, also from its native English spread to foreign countries (such as BBC English radio station).
Currently outside The UK, speak English as their first language (or mother tongue, Native language) with Ireland (Ireland), The United States (America), Australia (Australia), New Zealand (New Zealand), Guyana (Guyana), Bahamas (The last), Barbados (Barbados), Bermuda (Bermuda), Jamaica (Jamaica), Saint kitts and Nevis (Saint Christopher and Nevis), Trinidad and Tobago, Trinidad and Tobago), (Canada) most people speak English in Canada; Speak English as the official language of countries have Nigeria, Ghana, Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania, Zambia and Zimbabwe, South Africa, Singapore, India, the Philippines and other countries; As a second language with Denmark, Finland, Sweden, Norway, Iceland and other countries. English graally become a world language, has replaced the French diplomatic status, become today the world's political, economic, science and culture is the most important language. Although english-speaking countries have several listed above, but we still recommend to find a foreign teacher is given priority to with the United States, Canada, UK.
English is also there are regional differences. In Britain, because the original by the Jutland peninsula came to the island of Great Britain anglos Saxon people, jutes settled in different locations, which makes English appears regional differences in the initial period of development. Along with the development of the instry and the city, not only become one of the country's largest city of London, but also absorbed the domestic all area residents, various kinds of tongues mutual confluence, to Oxford and Cambridge as the center of the national culture in the London region becomes the standard variety of British, the language used by radio and television to spread across the country and abroad, the domestic and overseas English language graally unified.
2. The history of English: English spread and development
Outside the UK, through immigration and political role, such as widening the range of English. At the same time, because of the space distance with local and accept to the objective reasons of English foreign dialect, mainly has the American English, Australian English, South African and Indian English, etc. American English is English the most widely used outside the UK, which is the most important English dialect. In general speaking, American English is the most popular in China at present.
In the 17th century, the British immigrants began in North America colonial activities (now the east coast of the United States). Later, with the increased number of immigrants, in coastal has established the 13 colonies. After independence, the 13 colonies established the United States, and become the original 13 states. Them out of the subordinate relations with Britain, so the immigrants of English became the language of the United States.
Due to the United States and Britain have middle Atlantic apart, affected by the exchange of personnel on both sides, language communication, English graally proce differences between the two places. American English dialect main points of New England, the mid-atlantic and the south three. New England dialect area as the center of the northeast in Massachusetts. The residents there are the English immigrants, two-thirds of the puritans from amway east Asia, a few come from the north of England, is the pure English in England. The mid-atlantic dialect area centered on Pennsylvania, early on the migration from the north of England, then mostly immigrants from Ireland, Scotland, in addition to the settled in Pennsylvania, but New Jersey and Delaware. Then enter the immigration and Dutch, German, Swedish.
The south dialect area in Virginia for the earliest core area. Immigration from England, about half of them are from southwest England. Later, as the United States across the Appalachian mountains to the west development, advances three dialects areas vary. New England dialect in addition to the around the great lakes south bank, also appeared to Seattle, San Francisco and Salt Lake City as the center of the island in three languages. The mid-atlantic dialect into Ohio, west to the south, the north border, became the biggest dialect area.
Ⅹ 急求一篇關於美國歷史發展的英語作文啊
「I have a dream that one day this nation will rise up and live out the true meaning of its creed: "We hold these truths to be self-evident: that all men are created equal."
Mr. King's dream of all men created equal is mine too. When I hear his speech, I come to know thatI have the same dream that people should work together and live together like brothers. Nobody will take advantage of others,with less work but more income. But no, Mr King's dream remains as a dream even after so many decades since he left us. Look, people who have more houses want to keep them all for themselves, although there are so many people who do not even have a room to stay in. On the other hand, many people ,who have nothing, do not want to work harder to earn something on their own. They just complain that all men are not created equal.
So, if we look close at human beings, we will realize that Mr. King's dream will be a dream for a long, long time. Still, I admire him because at least he has a great dream, which is leading many people to treat others better.
本篇是關於馬丁路德金的一篇文章，馬丁路德金發動了美國民權運動，將「非暴力」和「直接行動」作為社會變革的方法，迫使美國國會在1964年通過（民權法案），宣布種族歧視和隔離政策為非法政策。