物流英語文章在線閱讀

Ⅰ 物流英譯中文章

物流中級英語（共145個） 基本概念術語
1． 物品 article
2． 物流 logistics
3． 物流活動 logistics activity
4． 物流作業 logistics operation
5． 物流模數 logistics molus
6． 物流技術 logistics technology

7． 物流成本 logistics cost
8． 物流管理 logistics management
9． 物流中心 logistics center
10． 物流網路 logistics network
11． 物流信息 logistics information
12． 物流企業 logistics enterprise
13． 物流單證 logistics documents
14． 物流聯盟 logistics alliance
15． 供應物流 supply logistics
16． 生產物流 proction logistics
17． 銷售物流 distribution logistics
18． 回收物流 returned logistics
19． 廢棄物物流 waste material logistics
20． 綠色物流 environmental logistics
21． 企業物流 internal logistics
22． 社會物流 external logistics
23． 軍事物流 military logistics
24． 國際物流 international logistics
25． 第三方物流 third-part logistics (TPL)
26． 定製物流 customized logistics 27． 虛擬物流 virtual logistics 28． 增值物流服務 value-added logistics service 29． 供應鏈 supply chain 30． 條碼 bar code 31． 電子數據交換 electronic data interchange (EDI) 32． 有形消耗 tangible loss 33． 無形消耗 intangible loss 獎罰

物流作業術語 1． 運輸 transportation 2． 聯合運輸 combined transport 3． 直達運輸 through transport 4． 中轉運輸 transfer transport 5． 甩掛運輸 drop and pull transport 6． 集裝運輸 containerized transport 7． 集裝箱運輸 container transport 8． 門到門 door-to-door 9． 整箱貨 full container load (FCL) 10． 拼箱貨 less than container load (LCL 11． 儲存 storing 12． 保管 storage 13． 物品儲存 article reserves 14． 庫存 inventory 15． 經常庫存 cycle stock 16． 安全庫存 safety stick 17． 庫存周期 inventory cycle time 18． 前置期（或提前期） lead time 19． 訂貨處理周期 order cycle time 20． 貨垛 goods stack 21． 堆碼 stacking 22． 搬運 handing/carrying 23． 裝卸 loading and unloading 24． 單元裝卸 unit loading and unloading 25． 包裝 package/packaging 26． 銷售包裝 sales package 27． 定牌包裝 packing of nominated brand 28． 中性包裝 neutral packing 29． 運輸包裝 transport package 30． 托盤包裝 palletizing 31． 集裝化 containerization 32． 散裝化 containerization 33． 直接換裝 cross docking 34． 配送 distribution 35． 共同配送 joint distribution 36． 配送中心 distribution center 37． 分揀 sorting 38． 揀選 order picking 39． 集貨 goods collection 40． 組配 assembly 41． 流通加工 distribution processing 42． 冷鏈 cold chain 43． 檢驗 inspection 獎罰

物流技術裝備及設施術語

1． 倉庫 warehouse 2． 庫房 storehouse 3． 自動化倉庫 automatic warehouse 4． 4立體倉庫 stereoscopic warehouse 5． 虛擬倉庫 virtual warehouse 6． 保稅倉庫 boned warehouse 7． 出口監管倉庫 export supervised warehouse 8． 海關監管貨物 cargo under customer』s supervision 9． 冷藏區 chill space 10． 冷凍區 freeze space 11． 控濕儲存區 humidity controlled space 12． 溫度可控區 temperature controlled space 13． 收貨區 receiving space 14． 發貨區 shipping space 15． 料棚 goods shed 16． 貨場 goods yard 17． 貨架 goods shelf 18． 托盤 pallet 19． 叉車 fork lift truck 20． 輸送機 conveyor 21． 自動導引車 automatic guided vehicle (AGV) 22． 箱式車 box car 23． 集裝箱 container 24． 換算箱 twenty-feet equivalent unit (TEU) 25． 特種貨物集裝箱 specific cargo container 26． 全集裝箱船 full container ship 27． 鐵路集裝箱場 railway container yard 28． 公路集裝箱中轉站 inland container depot 29． 集裝箱貨運站 container freight station (CFS) 30． 集裝箱碼頭 container terminal 31． 國際鐵路聯運 international through railway transport 32． 國際多式聯運 international multimodal transport 33． 大陸橋運輸 land bridge transport 34． 班輪運輸 liner transport 35． 租船運輸 shipping by chartering 36． 船務代理 shipping agency 37． 國際貨運代理 international freight forwarding agent 38． 理貨 tally 39． 國際貨物運輸保險 international transportation cargo insurance 40． 報關 customs declaration 41． 報關行 customs broker 42． 進出口商品檢驗 commodity inspection 獎罰

物流管理術語
1． 物流戰略 logistics strategy
2． 物流戰略管理 logistics strategy management
3． 倉庫管理 warehouse management
4． 倉庫布局 warehouse layout
5． 庫存控制 inventory control
6． 經濟訂貨批量 economic order quantity (EOQ)
7． 定量訂貨方式 fixed-quantity system (FQS)
8． 定期訂貨方式 fixed-quantity system (FIS) 9． ABC分類管理 ABC classification
10． 電子訂貨系統 Electronic order system (EOS)
11． 准時制 just in time (JIT)
12． 准時制物流 just-in-time logistics
13． 零庫存技術 zero-inventory logistics
14． 物流成本管理 logistics cost control 15． 物料需要計劃 material requirements planning (MRP) 16． 製造資源計劃 manufacturing resource planning (MRP II) 17． 配送需要計劃 distribution requirements planning (DRP) 18． 配送資源計劃 distribution resource planning (DRP II) 19． 物流資源計劃 logistics resource planning (LRP) 20． 企業資源計劃 enterprise resource planning (ERP) 21． 供應鏈管理 supply chain management (SCM) 22． 快速反映 Quick response (QR) 23． 有效客戶反映 efficient customer response(ECR) 24． 連續庫存補充計劃 continuous replenishment program (CRP) 25． 計算機付諸訂貨系統 computer assisted ordering (CAO) 26． 供應商管理庫存 vendor managed inventory (VMI) 27． 業務外包 outsourcing

Ⅱ 物流英語文章求翻譯，急！

你給我300我就翻譯。
Logistics engineering is the scientific organization of the purchase, transport, storage, distribution, and warehousing of materials and finished goods.
我就翻一段：
後勤工程探討的是如何科學地將原料及成品的采購，運輸，保存，分布和存儲庫組合在一起。

Ⅲ 求物流方面的英文文章

Logistics is the management of the flow of goods, information and other resources, including energy and people, between the point of origin and the point of consumption in order to meet the requirements of consumers (frequently, and originally, military organizations). Logistics involves the integration of information, transportation, inventory, warehousing, material-handling, and packaging. Logistics is a channel of the supply chain which adds the value of time and place utility.

In military logistics, logistics officers manage how and when to move resources to the places they are needed. In military science, maintaining one's supply lines while disrupting those of the enemy is a crucial—some would say the most crucial—element of military strategy, since an armed force without resources and transportation is defenseless.

The defeat of the British in the American War of Independence, and the defeat of Erwin Rommel in World War II, have been largely attributed to logistical failure.[citation needed] The historical leaders Hannibal Barca, Alexander the Great and the Duke of Wellington are considered to have been logistical geniuses.

Another field within logistics is called Medical logistics.

Logistics management is that part of the supply chain which plans, implements and controls the efficient, effective forward and reverse flow and storage of goods, services and related information between the point of origin and the point of consumption in order to meet customers' requirements. A professional working in the field of logistics management is called a logistician.

The Chartered Institute of Logistics & Transport (CILT) was established in the United Kingdom in 1919 and was granted the Royal Charter in 1926. The Chartered Institute is one of professional bodies or institutions for the logistics & transport sectors, that offers such professional qualification or degree in logistics management.

Third-party logistics involves the utilization of external organizations to execute logistics activities that have traditionally been performed within an organization itself.[1] According to this definition, third party logistics includes any form of outsourcing of logistics activities previously performed in-house. If, for example, a company with its own transport facilities decides to employ external warehouse specialist, this would be an example of third party logistics.

Although there is some functionality overlap, the differences between Warehouse Management Systems (WMS) and Warehouse Control Systems (WCS) can be significant. To put it simply, the WMS plans a weekly activity forecast, based on such factors as statistics, trends, and so forth, whereas a WCS acts like a floor supervisor, working in real time to get the job done by the most effective means. For instance, a WMS can tell the system it』s going to need five of SKU A and five of SKU B, hours in advance, but by the time it acts, other considerations may have come into play or there could be a potential logjam on a conveyor. A WCS can prevent that problem by working in real time and adapting to the situation by making a 『last-minute decision』 based on current activity and operational status. Working synergistically, WMS and WCS can resolve these issues and maximize efficiency for companies that rely on the effective operation of their warehouse or distribution center.

Logistics as a business concept evolved only in the 1950s. This was mainly e to the increasing complexity of supplying one's business with materials and shipping out procts in an increasingly globalized supply chain, calling for experts in the field who are called Supply Chain Logisticians. This can be defined as having the right item in the right quantity at the right time at the right place for the right price in the right condition to the right customer and is the science of process and incorporates all instry sectors. The goal of logistics work is to manage the fruition of project life cycles, supply chains and resultant efficiencies.

In business, logistics may have either internal focus (inbound logistics), or external focus (outbound logistics) covering the flow and storage of materials from point of origin to point of consumption (see supply chain management). The main functions of a qualified logistician include inventory management, purchasing, transportation, warehousing, consultation and the organizing and planning of these activities. Logisticians combine a professional knowledge of each of these functions so that there is a coordination of resources in an organization. There are two fundamentally different forms of logistics. One optimizes a steady flow of material through a network of transport links and storage nodes. The other coordinates a sequence of resources to carry out some project.

The term is used for describing logistic processes within an instry. The purpose of proction logistics is to ensure that each machine and workstation is being fed with the right proct in the right quantity and quality at the right point in time.

The issue is not the transportation itself, but to streamline and control the flow through the value adding processes and eliminate non-value adding ones. Proction logistics can be applied in existing as well as new plants. Manufacturing in an existing plant is a constantly changing process. Machines are exchanged and new ones added, which gives the opportunity to improve the proction logistics system accordingly. Proction logistics provides the means to achieve customer response and capital efficiency.

Proction logistics is getting more and more important with the decreasing batch sizes. In many instries (e.g. mobile phone) batch size one is the short term aim. This way even a single customer demand can be fulfilled in an efficient way. Track and tracing, which is an essential part of proction logistics - e to proct safety and proct reliability issues - is also gaining importance especially in the automotive and the medical instry.
你自己再延伸出一些內容吧

Ⅳ 有沒有關於物流的英語短文一篇

the following is my understanding: for logistics。
First, logistics means to satisfy the needs of customers, with the lowest cost, transportation, storage and distribution by means such as raw materials, semi-finished procts, achieve correlative information, procts or by the location to commodities consumption to the planning, implementation and management of the whole process of an object that logistics is the transportation, distribution, storage, packaging, transportation and handling, circulation processing, and related logistic information such as link form. The logistics activity concrete contents include the following aspects: the user service, the demand forecast, order processing, distribution and inventory control, transportation, warehouse management, factories and warehouse layout and location, handling handling, procurement, packaging, intelligence information.
Second: in our national standard "the definition of logistics term" points out that: logistics is from supplier to receive items to entity according to actual needs, flow process, transportation, storage, loading and unloading, handling, carrying, packaging, circulation processing, distribution and information processing basic functions implementing the organic union.
Third: the "content" of logistics is the material material world along with material object characteristics and can carry out physical displacement of that part of material goods, "flow" is physical sports, this movement has its limit, that is in the earth the meaning of relative to the earth, for reference and happen physical exercise, called "displacement", flow can range is ground rational large area, also can be in the same regional logistics
And the same environment the micro motion, on a small scale, "the thing" and displacement of the combination of "flow", is an established on the basis of the natural movement, the senior forms of exercise is connected with each other in economic purpose and material between, between the military purposes and material, even in a social purpose and physical, looking for the movement rule between. Therefore, logistics is not only under the condition of the limit "the thing" and "flow" combination, but more important is, is limited to military, economic and social conditions, the combination from the military, economic and social Angle to observe things transportation, and achieve some military, economic, and social demands.
Thanks for the audience

Ⅳ 求一篇關於物流運輸的英文文章，最好是原版，網站也行

http://www.silkroad.org.cn/silkroad/article/2002lq/waiwen/09.htm

Ⅵ 物流方面的英語作文（在線等。）

1.
Dear Sir,
We are *** forwarding company.
Due to the shipping company has not enough cargo space,we are so sorry to inform you the goods can not be loaded before Mar.31st.
We will try to arrange the shipment before Apr.5th.And keep you informed for the latest news.
Thanks for your kind understanding and cooperation.
Best regards

Mr.***

****Forwarding Company

2.Dear Sir,
We are *** Imp&Exp Co.,ltd. We planned to ship 1*20GP to Hungary at the end of this month.The goods detail as below:
description:shoes
qty:600ctns (12000pairs)
gross weight:10tons
net weight:9.5tons
total cbm 29m^3
Pls inform us the exactly freight charge all in, and the suitable shipment schale date .
Waiting for your early reply.
Best regards
Mr.***

*** Imp&Exp Co.,ltd
TEL:
FAX:

Ⅶ 把相關的物流英語文章翻譯成中文

The latest stage of integration in logistics is "quick response", that evolved into" efficient customer response"(ECR).This links the separate stages of the supply chain, so that a customer buying a proct from a retailer automatically sends a message back' through the chain to trigger a response from the manufacturer and other suppliers.
物流整合的最後階段是「快速響應」向「有效客戶反應」（ECR）的轉變。它能將供應鏈中各個分離的階段聯系起來，客人從零售商購買產品，系統自動通過供應鏈發送信息，從而得到製造商及其他供應商的回應。

For example, when a customer buys a pair of jeans in clothes shop, the EPOS system automatically sends a message back to the wholesaler to say that the stock needs replenishing, then back to the manufacturer to say that it is time to make another pair of jeans, and back to suppliers to say that they should deliver materials to the manufacturer This result is a focus on the consumer, the development of partnership relationships between retailers and their sup-pliers and an increased integration of the components of the supply chain.
例如，一位顧客在服裝店購買一條牛仔褲，EPOS系統自動向批發商發送信息，表明需要補充庫存；然後再發信息給製造商，表明需要製作另外一條牛仔褲；接著向供應商發送信息傳達向製造商運輸布料的信息。這個結果是以顧客，零售商與供應商之間的合作夥伴關系發展以及促進供應鏈各部分的整合為中心的。

There are clear benefits from this kind of integration of the supply chain, including:
這種供應鏈的整合，有很明顯的好處，包括：
* Cenuine cooperation between all parts of the supply chain；（這個cenuine是什麼？拼錯了吧？）
我估計是：促進供應鏈中各方的配合；
* Eliminating plication of effort, information, planning, etc；
消除重復勞動，重復信息以及重復規劃等冗餘；
* Eliminating operations that do not add value to the customer；
消除無法為顧客增加價值的運作；
* Improving efficiency and proctivity to rece costs；
提高效率和生產力，降低成本；
* Recing stocks and response times；
減少庫存，降低響應所需要的時間；
* Having actual demand trigger replenishments along the chain；
供應鏈中的庫存增加有實際的需求為依據；
* Being more responsive to customers；
能更好的向顧客作出響應；
* Sharing information and links systems；and
共享信息和鏈接系統
* Using available technology including EPOS,EDI and automated order processing.
使用可行的技術，包括EPOS, EDI和自動訂貨流程。

Organizations are clearly seeing these benefits, and are moving towards greater integration.57 per cent of companies in the USA had some form of integrated supply chain management. Most of the integration consisted of transport, warehousing and inventory, with fewer organizations including functions such as proction planning, procurement or sales order processing. Significantly, more than 90 per cent of companies expected an increase in integration over the next three years, with a quarter of companies moving to "fully integrated" systems. Only 2 per cent of companies had currently established ECR functions, but this is forecast to increase to 37 per cent over the next three years.
各個組織機構都明白這些好處，並且向更完善的整合努力。在美國，有57%的公司有供應鏈整合的管理。大部分整合包括運輸，倉庫，庫存。有少部分組織機構對生產規劃，采購或者銷售訂單處理有進行管理。有超過90%的企業期待未來三年有進一步的整合，其中有四分之一的企業朝著「完全整合」系統前進。只有2%的企業在最近建立起ECR，但這個數字在未來三年預計會增加到37%。

Despite the different understandings of what full integration and even ECR mean, there is clearly an important move towards more integration of the supply chain.
盡管對「完全整合」以及ECR的定義各有說辭，但是很明顯供應鏈的整合具有重大意義。

Ⅷ 跪求有關物流知識方面的英語短文100字左右即可！帶翻譯！求11篇！！！

Logistics is the process to meet the needs of consumers of raw materials, in-process inventory, the final proct and related information from the origin to the point of consumption in the effective flow and storage of planning,implementation and control. It forms the foundation of enterprise's value chain,is the key of enterprise competitive advantage. Many proction enterprises to strengthen technology development and promote the comprehensive quality management at the same time, have to seek the cost advantage and value advantage eyes turned to proction and logistics field.
1 modern logistics is the third profit source proction and circulation enterprises
In twentieth Century 60-70, the enterprises of the developed countries are thefocus of competition in pursuit of profit in the proction field, make every attempt to rece material consumption of resources to obtain "the first profit source" of enterprises, make every attempt to improve labor proctivity gain"the second profit source of enterprises". However, this "two profit source"proction field, it is restricted by the development level of science and technology, in the proction of mechanization, constantly improve the degree of automation and proction process is programmed, standardized situationunder, enhanced technology convergence of the two "source of profit" no"spring" to dig.
Enter 80 age, in the face of fierce global market competition challenges,people began to seek profit focus from proction areas to non proction areas, surprised to find that create the value of logistics cost is high, the process of enterprise proction and management of waste is still very prominent. Coupled with the micro electronics technology, information technology and system innovation and other factors, since 80, as "the third profit source of enterprises" logistics, has become a new focus of competition in the market, attention by the circles of theory and practice.
Logistics because it run through the whole process of proction and circulation, so reasonable, efficient logistics can bring huge profits throughand improve coordination of enterprises throughout the proction and circulation structure.
The original understanding of the third profit source based on the theory of thetwo conditions:
First, the logistics can be completely separated from the circulation process.Logistics as a standalone system, target and management itself, the general accounting and independent of the;
Second, logistics and other business activities as independent factors, it is not the total cost, but alone
Factors profit, logistics can become "independent system profit center" type.
Logistics is the third profit source to two capacity based on:
First, the logistics in the enterprise strategy, which have the important influence to the enterprise marketing cost, logistics enterprise
The important point of the instry cost. Therefore, a series of activities through logistics rationalization, modernization and rece the cost, supportmarketing and purchasing activities. Therefore, logistics is not only to procemajor cost, also refers to rece the cost of concern, the logistics is "thetreasure house to rece costs" such as that it is this understanding image representation. Cost and profit are related, as the main logistics can provide a large number of direct and indirect profit for the enterprise, is the mainactivities of the formation of business profits.
Second, the role of logistics activity maximum, and not only in the enterprise,rece the consumption of recing cost or increasing
Plus a profit, but more importantly to improve the business to customer service level, and improve the competitive ability of the enterprise. Through the logistics service guarantee, enterprises with their overall ability to rece costs, increase profits.
Logistics is the third profit source, has become many enterprises especially theMulti-National Corporation's powerful weapon.
2 modern logistics is an important source of competitive advantage
In recent years, enterprise business philosophy from the "proction oriented"to "customer orientation", quickly turned to "create value for customers". In the "create value for customers" era, value means that not only are tangiblemoney, also means that perception can be invisible, interests, this is the newrules for the current enterprises to participate in market competition.
Management Master Michael Porter in the "competitive advantage" a book that, success can only be achieved through competitive cost advantage andvalue advantage. No value advantage a no cost advantage and enterprises can only belong to the future enterprise, is bound to decline. However,companies only do the lowest cost, it is just a cost leader, will have to launch with opponent single competition in price, the lower the price competition willintensify the customer to the proct is only a commodity understanding. Avalue of competitive strategy based on the price competition strategy thansimply much better, because the material value is important, and make thecustomers to get the overall value of proct identity, are value for money,and money is more important, even if the price slightly higher, the customerwill accept.
The model can provide a cost advantage, management advantage and to provide value is little, and the logistics management is one of the few in the management field. Efficient logistics management, reasonable, not only canrece the operating costs of enterprises, but also can provide the high quality service for the customer; can enable enterprises to obtain the cost advantage,can make enterprises obtain the value advantage. Therefore, logisticsmanagement has been attached importance to the enterprise, be incorporated into the scope of enterprise strategic management, and even become thecornerstone of enterprise development strategy.
An excellent logistics capacity of enterprises, can provide quality service to customers to gain competitive advantage; a logistics management of skilledbusiness, average water if the stock availability, delivery timeliness and consistency of delivery in the same instry-leading level, can become an attractive supplier and business partners. Have the whole world in view of 500strong companies, they have the ability to world class logistics management,by providing quality service to customers to gain competitive advantage. Can say, logistics management has become a business one of the challenge. The development of logistics, strengthening logistics management not only can make the enterprise gain "the third profit source", but also an important source of competitive advantage. For example, China's Haier group put the logistics capability as the core competence of enterprise competitive advantage,promote the reorganization established professional engaged in logisticsreform in this part, the procurement of raw materials, proction support,material distribution from the strategy integration. The companies hope that bylogistics reorganization, realize "to provide maximum value added service"management objectives to customers at the lowest total cost of logistics. In order to answer the grim challenge of joining the WTO, Chinese enterprises must be as a logistics management to rece operating cost and the main means to improve customer service level, the logistics capability as the core competitiveness of enterprises.

物流是為滿足消費者需求而進行的對原材料、中間庫存、最終產品及相關信息從起始地點到消費地點的有效流動與儲存的計劃、實施和控制的整個過程。它構成了企業價值鏈的基礎活動，是企業取得競爭優勢的關鍵。許多生產企業在加強技術開發和推進全面質量管理的同時，已經把尋求成本優勢和價值優勢的目光轉向生產前後的物流領域。

1．現代物流是生產流通企業的第三利潤源泉

20世紀60-70年代，發達國家的企業大多把追求利潤的競爭焦點放在生產領域，千方百計降低物資資源消耗獲取「企業的第一利潤源泉」，千方百計提高勞動生產率獲取「企業的第二利潤源泉」。然而，生產領域的這兩個「利潤源泉」，都要受到科學技術發展水平的制約，在生產機械化、自動化程度不斷提高和生產工藝日趨程序化、規范化的新情況下，技術趨同性的增強使這兩個「利潤源泉」基本無「泉」可挖。

進入80年代，面對全球激烈的市場競爭挑戰，人們開始把探尋利潤的目光從生產領域轉向非生產領域，驚奇地發現創造物流價值的成本相當高昂，企業生產經營過程中的浪費仍然十分突出。再加上微電子技術、信息技術以及制度創新等因素，自80年代以後，作為企業的「第三利潤源泉」的物流，就自然成為市場競爭的一個新焦點，受到理論界和實務界的高度重視。

物流因其貫穿了生產和流通的全過程，所以合理、高效的物流能夠通過對企業的整個生產和流通結構的協調與完善帶來巨大的利潤。

對第三個利潤源理論的最初認識基於兩個前提條件：

第一，物流是可以完全從流通過程中分化出來的。物流自成一個獨立運行的體系，有本身的目標和管理，因而能對其進行獨立的總體核算；

第二，物流和其他獨立的經營活動一樣，它不是總體的成本構成因素，而是單獨
的盈利因素，物流可以成為「利潤中心」型的獨立系統。

物流成為第三個利潤源要基於兩個自身能力：

第一，物流在整個企業戰略中，對企業營銷活動的成本發生重要影響，物流是企
業成本的重要的產生點。因而，通過物流合理化、現代化等一系列活動降低成本，支持保障營銷和采購等活動。所以，物流既是指主要成本的產生點，又是指降低成本的關注點，物流是「降低成本的寶庫」等說法正是這種認識的形象表述。成本和利潤是相關的，物流作為主體可以為企業提供大量直接和間接的利潤，是形成企業經營利潤的主要活動。

第二，物流活動最大的作用，並不僅僅在於為企業減少了消耗、降低了成本或增
加了利潤，更重要的是在於提高企業對用戶的服務水平，進而提高了企業的競爭能力。通過物流的服務保障，企業以其整體能力來壓縮成本、增加利潤。

物流作為第三利潤源，已成為眾多企業尤其是跨國公司的商戰利器。

2．現代物流是企業獲取競爭優勢的重要源泉

近年來，企業的經營理念在從「生產導向」過渡到「顧客導向」之後，迅速轉為「為顧客創造價值」。在「為顧客創造價值」的時代，價值不僅意味著是有形的金錢，還意味著是無形的、可以感知的利益，這是當前企業參與市場競爭的新規則。

管理大師邁克爾·波特在《競爭優勢》一書中指出，企業競爭的成功只能通過成本優勢或價值優勢來取得。一個既無成本優勢又無價值優勢的企業只能屬於前途渺茫的企業，必將走向衰亡。但是，企業只做到最低成本，還只是一個成本領先者，就不得不與對手在價格上展開單一的競爭，這種價格上的低級競爭會強化顧客對該產品只是一種普通商品的認識。而一個基於價值優勢的競爭戰略比單純的價格競爭戰略要優越得多，因為物質上的價值固然重要，而使顧客對所要得到產品的整體價值的認同，感到物有所值、甚至物超所值更為重要，即使價格稍高一些，顧客也會接受。

當前既能提供成本優勢，又能提供價值優勢的管理領域是極少的，而物流管理則是這些並不多的管理領域中的一個。高效、合理的物流管理，既能夠降低企業經營成本，又能為顧客提供優質的服務；既能使企業獲得成本優勢，又能使企業獲得價值優勢。因此，物流管理日益受到企業的重視，被納入企業戰略管理的范圍，甚至成為企業發展戰略的基石。

一個擁有卓越物流能力的企業，可以通過向客戶提供優質服務獲得競爭優勢；一個物流管理技術嫻熟的企業，如果在存貨的可得性、遞送的及時性和交付的一貫性等方面領先於同行業的平均水平，就能成為有吸引力的供應商和理想的業務夥伴。放眼世界500強企業，它們都擁有世界一流的物流管理能力，通過向顧客提供優質服務獲得競爭優勢。可以說，物流管理已成為當今工商企業最具挑戰性的領域之一。發展物流，強化物流管理不僅能使企業獲取「第三利潤源泉」，而且是企業獲取競爭優勢的重要源泉。例如，我國的海爾集團把物流能力定位為形成企業競爭優勢的核心能力，重組成立了專業從事物流改革的推進本部，使原料采購、生產支持、物資配送從戰略上實現了一體化。該企業希望通過物流重組，實現「以最低的物流總成本向客戶提供最大附加值的服務」的管理目標。為了應對加入WTO的嚴峻挑戰，中國企業必須將物流管理作為降低經營總成本和提高顧客服務水平的主要手段，把物流能力作為企業的核心競爭力。

Ⅸ 求，一篇關於物流，外貿，運輸，方向的英語文章，最好帶上翻譯！

2005年中國的物流業已經全面開放，外資會把物流行業作為新的投資熱點，對跨國物流企業在我國的經營活動進行分析，對我國物流業的發展具有積極意義。本文介紹了了跨國物流企業在我國的業務結構、網路發展、業績概況，指出了跨國物流企業在我國發展面臨的主要問題，接著在此基礎上分析了跨國物流企業在我國的發展思路，最後對我國物流企業的發展提出了幾點啟示。
關鍵詞：跨國物流，獨資，本土化
隨著世界生產製造中心逐漸往中國轉移，我國的物流市場潛力越來越大，到2010年物流市場容量將達到11972億元。按照我國加入WTO時的承諾，2005年中國的物流業已經全面開放，包括在公路貨運、貨物租賃、一般貨物的批發、零售及其物流配送、出入境汽車運輸等物流領域取消在地域、股比等對外資的限制。因此，外資會把物流行業作為新的投資熱點。一些國外的物流巨頭如UPS、Fedex、TNT、Exel等逐漸滲透國內市場，利用技術資金和全球網路優勢吞噬國內的物流市場。因此，對跨國物流企業在我國的經營活動進行分析，對我國物流業的發展具有積極意義。
一 跨國物流企業在我國的發展概況
目前，中國市場擁有近51萬家物流企業，其中外資佔了0.13%,即680餘家,主要集中在長三角、珠三角、環渤海灣地區,市場份額高達8%,並且由於跨國製造企業仍然不斷和他們合作,市場份額還會不斷增加.下面從三個方面說明跨國物流企業在我國的發展情況.
1.業務結構－－－不斷擴大.目前跨國物流企業物流業務主要集中在①空運和速遞。目前中國國內航空貨運市場將以平均每年10.3%速度增長,速遞市場規模已經超過100億元,且每年以30%速度遞增。特別是《中美擴展航空服務協議》簽定後,航空貨運競爭尤為激烈.TNT、 DHL、UPS、Fedex通過不同方式從事航空貨運、國內包裹、重貨快遞、郵件速遞等業務。②海運，如馬士基和美集物流、鐵行渣華，這些物流企業具有良好的海運網路和操作經驗，主要提供國際海運、外輪代理、集裝箱多式聯運、碼頭、港口等物流業務③增值物流服務，如倉儲、配送、加工、包裝、報關、售後回收逆向物流、金融服務、進出口貿易、人力和人才租賃代理等。在進出貿易中，UPS同國內的一些金融機構進行合作來為出口商提供代收款和庫存抵押等眾多金融服務。④公路貨運以及出入境公路運輸、鐵路貨運。馬士基也逐步在這些領域與中國有關企業合作。⑤全程供應鏈管理，也就是我們經常提到的第四方物流模式，這是他們業務發展趨勢。如UPS成立了供應鏈解決方案公司，將UPS的業務擴展到以物流、快遞、金融、供應鏈咨詢為核心的全方位第四方物流管理。以上這些跨國物流企業在業務對象上主要集中在我國的跨國企業和合資企業，物流領域涉及家電、汽車、IT、化工、高科技、電信、電子、醫葯保健品、銀製品、零售、食品、銷售品等領域。
2．網路發展———不斷拓展。面對中國物流市場的開發，國外物流巨頭紛紛高調推出中國區網路建設計劃，一些世界級的物流公司如DHL、UPS、Fedex、TNT都加大了對中國區的 資金投入和網路建設，並且紛紛將亞太總部遷往中國的上海等地。跨國物流企業在我國的網點主要集中在以香港為中心的珠江三角洲地區、以上海為中心的長江三角洲地區、以京津地區為中心的環渤海灣地區等經濟發展較快的經濟區，85.96%分布在東部地區,8.78%分布在中部地區,5.26%分布在西部地區,其主要分布城市為上海、廈門、大連、天津、青島、深圳、廣州等港口城市和南京、北京等部分內陸城市,並且逐步向中西部省市自治區擴展.如目前Fedex是唯一一家在華南、華北、華東地區都有業務網路的國際快運公司。最近,聯邦快遞以上海為中心在中國有220個城市網點,服務500個城市,計劃在2008年前再增加100個網點，服務擴大到1000個服務城市。Fedex今年7月將亞太轉運中心設在廣州白雲國際機場，為分食中國巨大的貨運市場尤其是國內快運市場搭建了戰略平台，聯邦快遞所有在亞洲網路內運送的貨物，都將經白雲機場中轉；UPS供應鏈公司在我國的分公司已經達23家，國際物流業務遍布我國170多個城市,其中廣州、上海和香港是聯系歐洲和美國的主要航點.UPS計劃於2007年在上海設立航空轉運中心，那些從中國運到美國的貨物都可以經過上海進行分配，美國貨物進來後也由上海分配到各地。建立上海轉運中心後，UPS還將根據未來美國交通部分配的更多航權班次，向中國西部發展並與歐洲各國連接。
3.業績概況——不斷攀升。短短幾十年來，國際物流快遞四巨頭UPS、Fedex、DHL、TNT已經占據了中國國際快遞業務的80%市場份額，在中國每年業務量和營業收入均保持20%以上增長。UPS 2003年在中國市場業務量同比增長45%，銷售額達到335億美元，2004年第2季度，中國地區的業務出口量較2003年同期增長70%，到2007年UPS將實現15%營業毛利。The job opens Chinese logistics in 2005 already all round , foreign capital is able to look on logistics instry as the new popular investment spot , enterprise carries out analysis on transnational logistics in business operations of our country , development of job has active significance to our country logistics. Business structure , network development , achievement general situation the main body of a book is introced having finished transnational logistics enterprise in our country, have pointed out transnational logistics enterprise primal problem developing a frontage in our country , have proceed here, to have analysed the transnational logistics enterprise train of thought in our country on the basis , to have brought forward several enlightenments to development of our country logistics enterprise finally. Keywords: Transnational logistics , single-owner investment , localization change with the fact that the world proces the fabrication centre graally to China , the logistics of our country market potential is more and more big , logistics marketplace capacities will reach 1,197,200,000,000 yuan to 2010. According to that our country adds the promise time WTO,in 2005 the Chinese logistics job opens to the outside world already all round, including that freight , the goods renting , general goods wholesale , retail and their logistics fields such as logistics distribution , entry-exit motor transport canceling in restriction on foreign capital such as region , share ratio in the highway. Therefore, foreign capital is able to look on logistics instry as the new popular investment spot. A few abroad logistics magnate seeps through home market graally if UPS , Fedex , TNT , Exel wait , makes use of the technology fund and the whole world network advantage to devor the domestic logistics marketplace. Therefore, enterprise carries out analysis on transnational logistics in business operations of our country , development of job has active significance to our country logistics. One transnational logistics enterprise general situation in our country at present, the Chinese marketplace has owned almost 510,000 logistics enterprise , among them, foreign capital has accounted for 0.13% , has been more than 680, concentrate Bohai Bay area on the long triangle , the pearl triangle , be encircled by mainly, market share height amounts to 8% , market share is able to increase by unceasingly since and transnational fabrication enterprise works together with them still unceasingly. Following explains the transnational logistics enterprise condition in our country from three aspect. 1. Business structure--- expands unceasingly. Concentrate business on air transport (1) and pass quickly mainly. The airfreight marketplace will increase by with 10.3% speed sharing every year at present Chinese in the homeland , speed passes marketplace scale already exceeding 10 billion yuan , speed increases by degrees and with 30% every year. The label fixes the queen especially "Sino-US expands aviation serving an agreement " , airfreight competition is especially fierce. By being unlike way being engaged in the airfreight , in the homeland parcel , heavy cargo express mail,speed passes TNT , DHL , UPS , Fedex waiting for business. Ocean shipping, does (2) resie China if Ma Shi Ji He Mei incorporates logistics , iron , these logistics enterprise has the fine ocean shipping network and handles experience, act for , how dyadic through transport , dock , harbour container logistics business (3) added value logistics such as serves , the finance serves , foreign trade , manpower and talented person rent if keeping logistics in a storehouse , matching, agency foreign ship providing international ocean shipping mainly, to wait. A lot of finances carrying out the stock mortgage cooperating to come to gather money of for the exporter provides generation drawing in the banking institution passing in and out of trade middle , UPS and domestic few waiting are served. (4) highway freight and entry-exit highway transportation , railroad freight. Ma Shi Ji cooperates with Chinese in relation to enterprise also step by step in these fields. That whole journey supply chain management (5), is just the fourth parties logistics pattern that we often mention , this is their business developing trend. The company who resolves a scheme if UPS has set up supply chain, expands the UPS business to the all-direction fourth parties logistics administration taking that logistics , express delivery , finance , supply chain consult about as core. All above these transnational logistics enterprise concentrates the transnational enterprise and joint venture in our country on business marriage partner mainly, logistics field fields such as relating to the home appliance , automobile , IT , chemical instry , high technology , telecommunication , electron , medicine health care articles , silver procts , retail , food , selling a proct. 2 networks are developed opening up an exhibition unceasingly. And exploitation facing the Chinese logistics marketplace, high-sounding words of logistics magnate numerous and confused promotes the Chinese area network construction plan abroad , a little world-level the logistics company throws into sum network construction if DHL , UPS , Fedex , TNT have all enlarged the fund to Chinese area, Shanghai moving to Chinese numerously and confusedly with Asia-Pacific general headquarter waits for a field. Transnational logistics enterprise concentrates economic growth such as Yangtze River delta area , centering on moist area of Beijing ring Bohai Bay area taking Shanghai as centre in centering on Hong Kong the Delta of the Pearl River area on net of our country mainly, quicker economic zone, 85.96% scatter on eastern region, 8.78% scatter on central region, 5.26% scatter on western region, the person main scatter city be Shanghai, Xiamen, Dalian, Tianjin, Qing, Shenzhen, Guangzhou and so on harbour city and Nanjing, Beijing and so on part inland city, And face Middle West province city autonomous region expand step by step. If Fedex is unique at present one international express company having business network in South China , North China , eastern China. Lately, FedEx takes Shanghai as centre having 220 cities net to serve 500 cities in China , the point planning the net increasing by 100 again before 2008, serves the city expanding serving to 1000. Fedex is set up in Guangzhou white cloud international airport the Asia-Pacific luck turns in one's favour centre this July , is is that the gigantic freight marketplace especially the express marketplace hangs in the homeland has built strategy platform eat China mark, the goods that FedEx possessions conveys within Asia network, will transit shipment after white cloud airport; The branch company of UPS supply chain company in our country already amounts to 23 , international logistics business is all over the more than 170 our country city, Guangzhou , Shanghai and Hong Kong among them are that main part contacting Europe and American navigates point. The UPS plan transships a centre in setting up aviation in Shanghai in 2007 , those transport to the American goods from China can carry out assignment process Shanghai , the USA goods distributes to everywhere also from Shanghai after coming in. Build Shanghai after transshiping a centre, UPS will according to more aviation right number of runs or flights that future USA Ministry of Communications assigns, develop to Chinese western part and link with Europe every country. 3. The achievement general situation climbs a litre unceasingly. In recent several tens years , international short logistics express delivery four magnates UPS , Fedex , DHL , TNT have already occupied 80% market share of Chinese international express delivery , business amount and business earnings have increased by in China above keeping 20% without exception every year. UPS increases by 45% compared with the same period of the last year in Chinese marketplace business amount in 2003 , sales volume reaches 33,500,000,000 U. S. dollar, Chinese area business exports amounts in 2004 2nd quarter, increasing 70% compared to the same term in 2003, gross profit doing business to UPS in 2007 with realizing 15%. UPS is growing by amounts in the whole world business in 2004 being 10% , is accompanying but middle bad.

Ⅹ 國際貿易或者物流的中英文文章

Embodied Environmental Emissions
in U.S. International Trade,
1997-2004
C H R I S T O P H E R L . W E B E R * A N D
H . S C O T T M A T T H E W S
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and
Department of Engineering and Public Policy, Carnegie
Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213
Significant recent attention has been given to quantifying
the environmental impacts of international trade. However,
the United States, despite being the world』s largest emitter
of greenhouse gases and having large recent growth in
international trade, has seen little analysis. This work uses
a multi-country input-output model of the U.S. and its
seven largest trading partners (Canada, China, Mexico,
Japan, Germany, the UK, and Korea) to analyze the
environmental effects of changes to U.S. trade structure
and volume from 1997 to 2004. It is shown that increased
import volume and shifting trade patterns ring this
time period led to a large increase in the U.S.』 embodied
emissions in trade (EET) for CO2, SO2, andNOx. Methodological
uncertainties, especially related to uncertainties of
international currency conversion, lead to large differences
in estimation of the total EET, but we estimate that the
overall embodied CO2 in U.S. imports has grown from between
0.5 and 0.8 Gt of CO2 in 1997 to between 0.8 and 1.8 Gt
of CO2 in 2004, representing between 9-14% and 13-30%
of U.S. (2-4% to 3-7% of global) CO2 emissions in 1997
and 2004, respectively.

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