中考英語閱讀觀點態度題
1. 中考英語閱讀表達解題技巧
中考英語閱讀表達解題技巧
閱讀與表達是近兩年中考英語中出現的新題型,要求學生閱讀短文並回答問題。下面就是我給大家准備的中考英語閱讀表達的解題技巧,一起來學習一下吧!
【中考英語閱讀表達解題技巧】
近幾年在各地中考英語試題中,又出現一種新題型——務型閱讀。它是根據任務型教學設計而成的,它是介於閱讀理解與書面表達之間的一種題型。它要求學生在閱讀文章後能對文章中某些細節做到准確把握或對整篇文章進行提煉概括,是一種讀寫結合的題型。這種題型既考查學生的閱讀理解能力,也考查學生的分析問題、解決問題的能力,還考查學生運用英語語言將有關內容以文字形式正確地表達出來的能力。
縱觀近幾年的中考試題,不難發現閱讀材料難度整體適中,材料後的題目設計難度並不很大,但是學生在實際做題過程中,經常會犯一些錯誤,導致不必要的失分。因此我們有必要讓同學們掌握一些解題方法。
★完成任務型閱讀的過程就是:
閱讀(信息輸入)→判斷、分析、概括、推理(信息加工與處理)→答題(信息輸出)。
具體說來,任務型閱讀的解題策略包括以下四個方面:
一、 確閱讀任務
任務型閱讀一般提供一段或幾段閱讀材料,在材料後設置5 個任務,做題時我們應先閱讀所給的任務,明確任務是什麼,再帶著任務去閱讀材料,這樣就能做到心中有數,有針對性地去讀,並能提高閱讀效率。
二、 讀全文,了解大意
明確任務後,應迅速閱讀全文來了解文章主要內容,以及文章的感情基調、作者的意圖、態度傾向。在材料後的問題設置中,經常有對文章大意的考查。對於概括大意的題目,需要通篇考慮,對要點加以歸納概括,這類題目有時可以從文中找到答案,但有時需要用自己的話來概括。這類題,屬於難度較大的題,對文章還得再讀一讀,才能總結出來。除此之外,還經常考查“給文章擬一個標題”。這類題目可以通過尋找主題句和高頻詞來完成。根據英文寫作的特點,主題句往往是首句或結尾句,但當沒有主題句時,則應從全文中全面、簡練地去提煉、概括。文章的標題可以是單詞、短語,也可以是句子,但不管是什麼,確定標題必須遵循以下兩個原則:① 概括性原則,即標題應在最大程度上覆蓋全文,體現文章的.中心大意。② 醒目性原則,即標題必須力求吸引讀者的注意力。
三、 讀細節,逐題攻克
(一) 尋找細節,從原文中找答案
在經過第二步泛讀全文之後,對於材料後面問題的細節考查題,在文章中所處的大體位置有所了解。然後就可以採用“跳讀”的方式來尋找細節在原文中的對應,跳讀的目的就是為細節尋找答案。如閱讀填空或填表題,這種題目要求學生通過閱讀材料,獲取相關信息,以填寫詞語或補全句子的方式完成表格或圖表。還有一些題目是對文章細節的直接設問,答案通常可以從原文中找到。從各地中考題看來,是有相當比例的此類題目。
(二) 精讀細節,理解深層含義
任務型閱讀,也是閱讀理解的一種題型,不僅考查學生直接獲取信息的能力,還可考查學生通過已知信息進行推理,研究細節的暗示,推敲作者的態度,理解文章的寓義。因此,這就要求考生要具備通過已知信息進行判斷推理能力和透過字面意思解讀深層含義能力,這一類型題在閱讀測試中屬於難度較大的題目。在做這一類型的題目時,考生應在理解全文的基礎上,捕捉文章中有關的信息,精讀特定細節及周圍的句子來幫助理解。做這一類型的題時,還需注意:① 把握文章的內在邏輯關系,以文章提供的事實和觀點為依據,立足原文,推斷未知。不能主觀臆造,憑空想像,隨意揣測,更不能以自己的觀點代替作者的觀點。② 在理解全文的基礎上,吃透文章的字面意思,從字里行間捕捉一些線索,對文章的表面意思進行挖掘加工,悟出作者的深層含義或弦外之音。
我們可以通過以上三種方法來答題,還需要注意一下“答題要求”:
① 在答題時,總的原則就是:能簡略回答,盡量簡略回答。
② 書寫要規范。句子開頭首字母要大寫;標點符號要規范,並能正確使用;單詞拼寫要正確無誤;單詞書寫要認真。這些方面也要引起考生注意,力爭避免不必要的失分。
③ 作出適當調整。在回答時,同學們應對照題目,根據需要對句子的人稱、單復數、時態、語態、詞性、主謂搭配等作出適當的調整。
四、 通讀全文,仔細檢查
在完成所有任務後,同學們還應結合題目再把全文通讀一遍,認真核實答案,同時還應檢查一下書寫的規范性及句子的人稱、單復數、時態、語態、詞性、主謂搭配等,這是答題的最後一步,同樣也很關鍵。因此,同學們平時應養成做完題後仔細檢查的好習慣。
總之,同學們要想出色的完成任務型閱讀題,不僅需要在考場上運用各種解題技巧,而且還需要在平時課內外加大閱讀的訓練量、擴充詞彙量。要知道:理解能力的提高絕非一日之功。
【中考英語中的填表型任務閱讀解題策略】
一、題型簡介
這種題型只在考查學生綜合運用語言的能力,即捕捉信息、組織信息和綜合概括信息的能力。該題型任務可分為閱讀文章和表格填空兩個部分。要求考生根據所讀短文,對文中的有效信息進行篩選、整合和綜合概括,而後准確有序地完成表格的空缺。此類閱讀話題廣泛,體裁多樣,內容貼近生活,富有氣息。表格項目。基本上根據文章結構和作者思路設計,一般包括標題、段落大意、文章細節、結論等部分。當然把握命題人設空規律顯得很重要。
二、任務型閱讀解題思路和方法指導
1.解題步驟:研表一讀文一填表
研表:迅速閱讀表格,預測所缺單詞。通過分析表格的項目內容和結構特徵,從而揣測命題的目的和意圖,准確把握信息范圍及對文章的理解方向。要特別關注文章的標題欄及表格前的小標題,這樣有助於理解短文的大意。
讀文:快速瀏覽全文.把握短文大意,再讀文章文章內容.找准細節定位。任務型閱讀要求考生解讀語篇,掌握文章的框架結構和段落大意,又要求考生對具體的事實細節進行查找和定位、理解和轉換。因此,在閱讀文章時,考生應適時恰當地運用多種閱讀技巧,對文章進行全面的理解。
填表:抓住有效細心,准確填好表格。任務型閱讀考查學生通過快速閱讀捕捉信息的能力,又要求對文中信息進行理解轉換,並進行適當的邏輯推理和歸納總結,在填表時.力爭返回原文,找出與題目有關的內容,抓住關鍵詞彙,填好所缺單詞。填好表格後,再次校對所填單詞拼寫是否正確.是否符合文章內容。
2.解題方法指導
(1)快速定位圈點。根據表格中所提供的細節信息,抓住關鍵詞語,返回原文,快速捕捉,對表格中提供的信息在文中進行定位,並通過對比新舊語境,圈出不同點。
(2)巧妙運用轉換。對於那些不能在原文中直接選定的答案,根據表格中對原文語義的轉換,掌握設空規律,進行詞形和詞性的轉換。巧用同義詞、反義詞、詞語搭配等轉換方式,以便提高答題正確率。
(3)掌握歸納技巧。有時表格中的最上欄或最左欄需要學生概括相應欄內的內容,常用的概括性詞語有:原因(reason/cause)、方法(way/means)、優缺點(advantage/disadvantage)、觀點(opinion/view)、建議(advice/tip/suggestions)、目的(aim/purpose)、問題(problem)、影響和結果(effect/result)、個人信息(name/age/occupation/personality)等。掌握這些概括性詞語,可以幫助學生迅速准確地完成答題任務。
(4)注意答題細節。審清表格,注意表格中所缺單詞的排列順序,特別要留神寫到答題卡上的單詞序號:正確拼寫單詞,注意首字母的大小寫、名詞的單復數、主謂一致及非謂語動詞的使用等。另外,書寫工整在答題的過程中也十分重要。
總之,任務型閱讀不同於傳統的閱讀理鰓.這就要求學生在平時學習過程中夯實基礎,加強常用詞彙的積累,培養自己的創新思維,並養成細心答題的好習慣。
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2. 閱讀理解:觀點態度題解析
閱讀理解:觀點態度題解析
想要學好考研英語怎麼能不知道觀點態度閱讀題的做題方法呢?下面就讓我為大家詳解一下吧。
考研英語閱讀理解觀點態度題主要考查的是考生對作者的意圖、觀點或態度的理解和把握。這種題型要求考生把握作者寫作某篇文章的目的,明白作者對文章所論述的觀點和中心所持的態度。考研英語試卷對這一部分的考查主要表現為情感態度題。該題型常問作者對某事是什麼態度:主觀(subjective)還是客觀(objective);肯定(positive)還是否定(negative);贊成(approval)還是反對(opposition)等等。
這種題目對考生而言難度較大,迷惑性也較強,因為命題專家是針對整篇文章設問,考生很難找到具體對應的語言點,所以要把握整篇文章。例如作者在談一件事時是 用反諷的口氣,還是贊成的語氣,此類題所給的答案選項一般是四個形容詞,考生應在審題時就把握好這四個形容詞所表達的意思,然後返迴文章去尋找信息。特別 提醒考生要牢記所遇到的構成作者態度題選項的每一個形容詞。做文章作者態度題時,千萬不要把考生自己的態度揉進文章中,同時要注意區分作者本人的態度與作 者引用的觀點態度。
理解作者的意圖、觀點和態度是近幾年考試的熱點題目,考生在做此類題時要把握這樣的判斷原則:既縱觀全文,掌握主題思想有要注意文章的措辭,把握文章的基調或主旨(tenor),又要分清文章的`話語范圍(field)及話語方式(mode)。解題的關鍵是要看作者在文中用了什麼樣的口氣。若用褒義詞,顯然是贊成。若用貶義詞,顯然是反對。若是客觀陳述,則是中性的立場,不偏不倚。注意:作者態度常常在轉折詞後表明出來,因此but一詞至關重要(還有類似的yet, however, although, nevertheless等)。
該題型常見的提問形式有:
(1)The tone of the passage can best be described as ____
(2)The tone of the passage would be _____
(3)Which of the following best describes the tone of the passage____
(4)What is the attitude of the author towards____
(5)How does the writer feel about______
(6) The writer is of the opinion that_____
(7)The author seems to be _____
情感和態度在考研中大致可分為三類:happy/ unhappy; security/insecurity; satisfaction
dissatisfaction, 它們作為標記語反映出作者對某個現象採取的姿態,並從情感的角度評價該現象。因此,考生既要依靠文章的中心思想作為前提,又要注意作者的措辭,尤其是作為修飾語的形容詞。我們以2003年的閱讀Text 4為例具體說明這一點:
Yet there are limits to what a society can spend in this pursuit. As a physician, I know the most costly and dramatic measures may be ineffective and painful. I also know that people inJapanandSweden, countries that spend far less on medical care, have achieved longer, healthier lives than we have. As a nation, we may be overfunding the quest for unlikely cures while underfunding research on humbler therapies that could improve people’s lives.
59. In contras to theU.S.,JapanandSwedenare funding their medical care .
[A] more flexibly
[B] more extravagantly
[C] more cautiously
[D] more reasonably
作者用limits, ineffective, painful這些消極的詞語暗示了美國醫療衛生系統的缺憾,通過把握這些詞語,我們就能得出D為正確選項。所以我們對語言的理解是有一定差異的,又如尼克松簽訂1972年公報時,對“一個中國”原則,他手下的修辭專家用了acknowledge 而不用recognize。因為後者是正式的,外交的,打心底里的承認,而前者是一種模糊,對某種既成事實的有限度接受,但在中文裡出現的就是我們理解的“承認”。
可見考生在平時的單詞理解中要結合不同的語境,不同的文章體裁,綜合地認知寓意,才能透徹地理解作者的意圖。
另外,判斷作者情感態度除了關注作者的措辭,還要可以通過關注作者的舉例角度和講解角度,來判斷文章作者的態度傾向:如果作者的一直論述某事物的積極地向上 的方面,其態度基本上是積極樂觀的;如果作者舉例論證某觀點時,給的例子是正面的,那麼我們同樣可以判斷作者的態度是積極樂觀的;如果作者的論述有好有 壞,舉例有正面有反面,我基本上可以判斷作者的態度是客觀的。同樣,我們通過具體的真題案例進一步解釋這一點。
再例1997年第54題:
It was 3:45 in the morning when the vote was finally taken. After six months of arguing and final 16 hours of hot parliamentary debates,Australia’s Northern Territory became the first legal authority in the world to allow doctors to take the lives of incurably ill patients who wish to die. The measure passed by the convincing vote of 15 to 10. Almost immediately word flashed on the Internet and was picked up, half a world away, by John Hofsess, executive director of the Right to Die Society of Canada. He sent it on via the group’s on-line service, Death NET. Says Hofsess: “We posted bulletins all day long, because of course this isn’t just something that happened inAustralia. It’s world history.”
The full import may take a while to sink in. The NT Rights of the Terminally III law has left physicians and citizens alike trying to deal with its moral and practical implications. Some have breathed sighs of relief, others, including churches, right to life groups and the Australian Medical Association, bitterly attacked the bill and the haste of its passage. But the tide is unlikely to turn back. InAustralia-- where an aging population, life extending technology and changing community attitudes have all played their part -- other states are going to consider making a similar law to deal with euthanasia. In theUSandCanada, where the right to die movement is gathering strength, observers are waiting for the dominoes to start falling.
Under the new Northern Territory law, an alt patient can request death -- probably by a deadly injection or pill -- to put an end to suffering. The patient must be diagnosed as terminally ill by two doctors. After a “cooling off” period of seven days, the patient can sign a certificate of request. After 48 hours the wish for death can be met. For Lloyd Nickson, a 54 year old Darwin resident suffering from lung cancer, the NT Rights of Terminally III law means he can get on with living without the haunting fear of his suffering: a terrifying death from his breathing condition. “I’m not afraid of dying from a spiritual point of view, but what I was afraid of was how I’d go, because I’ve watched people die in the hospital fighting for oxygen and clawing at their masks,” he says.
54. The author’s attitude towards euthanasia seems to be that of ________.
[A] opposition
[B] suspicion
[C] approval
[D] indifference
我們通過閱讀該文,不難發現文章首段記述了安樂死法案通過以及當時在全球引起的反響,首段作者使用“it is world history”, 來表達他對該事件的態度,認為它意義重大;緊接著在第二段,作者首先討論世人對此態度不一,但是作者通過轉折,指出這個潮流不太可能被逆轉了。第三段,作 者用一個肺癌病人為例,該病人認為安樂死法案的通過意味著自己可以平靜地度過最後的時光,不用擔心臨死前要遭受的折磨。很明顯這個事例是認識安樂死法案的 通過是一件好事。那麼文章就作者的態度命題,答案肯定是approval。
;3. 中考英語閱讀理解材料及答案
中考英語閱讀理解材料及答案
在英語閱讀理解中,有的題目考的是對文章中某一句子的理解,要參考上下文客觀地看問題。為了幫助大家備考中考英語閱讀理解,我分享了一些英語閱讀理解材料,歡迎閱讀!
小狗
Prana was a beautiful dog, whose name means “breath of life”. Although he died several years ago, I can still remember the days we spent together and what he has taught me about love.
I have two apple trees in the garden. Prana loved apples. When he went outside, he’d catch an apple and take it into the house to eat later. The apples had been on the ground and were often dirty so I wasn’t always happy that Prana had brought them into the house.
It was an autumn day in America, but it was very cold. A big snow fell and we had not done anything for its coming. On that special day, Prana went outside and I watched him through the window. I noticed that he was madly digging(挖) holes and bringing the apples to the ground so they could be seen above the snow. I did not know why he was doing this. He seemed to want to do something special.
When I called him back, he had his usual one apple in his mouth. About five minutes later, I looked outside. The garden was completely covered with birds. Prana had g up all those apples for his bird friends to eat. He knew that they wouldn’t have stored enough food for the coming winter!
51. Prana was .
A. the writer B. a boy C. a bird D. a dog
52. I wasn’t always happy because .
A. Prana loved apples
B. Prana caught an apple and ate it
C. the apples fell on the ground and were dirty
D. Prana brought the dirty apples into the house
53. On the snowy day, Prana .
A. ate up all the apples
B. g holes to put the apples in them
C. brought the apples under the snow to the ground
D. left the house and died
54. The birds flew to the garden to .
A. look for Prana B. eat the apples
C. make new homes D. store food for the winter
55. The topic of the story is about .
A. apples B. animals C. love D. life
【答案】51-55 DDCBC
新聞的生產
Every morning, the newspaper chief editor(主編) holds a meeting with the reporters. They discuss the main events(事件) of the day. Reporters are then sent to cover the events.
As soon as the reporters know what to write about, they get down to work. They telephone people and fix a time for a face-to-face interview with them. Sometimes they do telephone interviews. Checking information is very important. They go to the newspaper’s own library to look up any information that they need. This is called “doing one’s homework”.
At the same time, the picture editor decides which photographs will be used for the next day’s paper. All the people who work on a newspaper must be able to work fast. Reporters have to stop working on one story and start working at once on the important new one. They must find out the new information as quickly as possible. Later in the day, everything is put together at the news desk. Reporters return, type their stories into the computer and hand them to the editor.
The chief editor decides which will be the most important story on the front page. Sometimes this will have to be changed if something more important happens late in the day. Other editors read the stories which the reporters have written and make any necessary changes.
Finally, there is no more time left for adding new stories, and the time for printing(印刷) the newspaper has come. This is done on fast-moving printing machines. The newspapers are then delivered(發送) by truck, plane or rail. Speed is important. People want to buy the latest newspaper; nobody wants to buy yesterday’s.
61. What is the work in a newspaper office like?
A. Interesting and confusing B. Important and patient.
C. Particular and necessary. D. Fast and busy.
62. According to the passage, the right order for a reporter’s work is ____________.
a. writing stories b. doing interviews c. joining in a discussion
d. doing homework e. handing stories to the editor
A. cbade B. cdeab C. cbdae D. cadbe
63. The front page contents(內容) are decided by ___________.
A. the importance of the events B. how well the stories are written
C. the knowledge of the chief editor D. whether they are the latest
64. Word editors’ work is to ____________.
A. help the chief editor with the morning discussion
B. decide when and how the papers can be printed
C. read the stories and make necessary changes
D. get together information from reporters and photographers
65. The best title for this passage is “____________”.
A. How a newspaper is proced B. How newspapers are delivered
C. What kind of papers readers like D. Whose work is more important
關於手機
“When can I get a cell phone?” The answer is when your parents think you need one, though many kids seem to be getting them around age 12 or 13. Some younger kids may have them because their parents see it as a matter of safety and convenience. For example, a kid can call mom and dad when sports practice is over. And a cell phone can give kids almost instant access(快捷通道) to their parents if something goes wrong or they need help. It can give parents quick access to their kids so they can check on them and make sure they’re OK.
If you do get a cell phone, make some rules with your parents, such as how many minutes you’re allowed to spend on the phone, when you can use your phone, when the phone must be turned off, and what you will do if someone calls you too often, and so on.
You’ll also have to learn to take care of the phone in your life. Keep it charged(充電) and store it in the safe place so it doesn’t get lost. And whatever you do, don’t use it in the bathroom. I know someone who dropped her phone in the toilet!
56. Parents buy cell phones for their kids because ___________.
A. they think it is necessary
B. they think their kids are old enough
C. they have asked the author for advice
D. they want to follow their kids wherever they are.
57. The autho r of the passage ___________.
A. wants to describe how children use cell phones
B. knows nothing about when children can have a cell phone
C. may have done a survey on kids using cell phones
D. has been a teacher for many years
58. Which of the following is true?
A. It is too young for kids of 12 or 13 to get a cell phone.
B. A cell phone is useful for kids and their parents.
C. The author is against the idea of kids to have cell phones.
D. Mos t kids are considering having cell phones.
59. Who is the passage most probably written by?
A. Parents who have bought phones for their kids.
B. Someone who does cell phone business.
C. A teacher who cares most about school safety.
D. Someone who works for children’s ecation.
60. Which might not be a rule for kids with a cell phone?
A. Keep it on all the time.
B. Make a call if something goes wrong.
C. Don’t use it in the bathroom.
D. Take care not to lose it.
【答案】61~65 DCACA
;4. 中考英語閱讀理解的題材
中考英語閱讀理解:窮人的孩子早當家
Mr Brown was born in a poor family.He couldn』t go to school when he was young.Now he』s a porter[1] and works at a station.He doesn』t think it』s necessary[2] to know some knowledge[3] of science.His son,Bill,began to go to school last year.The boy likes nothing except playing.He doesn』t listen to the teachers in class and can』t do his homework after class.It』s the hardest thing for him to do maths exercises.And he wants to drop it.
Last evening Mrs Brown heard Bill crying in the next room while she and her husband were watching TV.She came up to him and asked,「What』s the matter,Bill?」
「I can』t do my maths homework,」said the boy.「I won』t go to school tomorrow!
「No,no,don』t do that!」said the woman.「Maybe your father can help you.」
Then she asked her husband to help their son with his maths.Mr Brown said,「But I don』t know maths,either.」
「It doesn』t matter,」said his wife.「You』ll only coax him out of crying.」
Mr Brown had to do as his wife said.The next afternoon Bill came back and showed his exercise?book to his father.The man had a look at it and shouted to his wife,「Come here quickly,dear!I got an A in maths!」
Notes:[1]porter /`pt/n.搬運工 [2]necessary/`nesIsrI/adj.必要的 [3]knowledge/`nlId/n.知識
根據短文內容,選擇正確答案。
1.Which of the following is true?
A.Mr Brown was going to be a porter when he was young.
B.Mr Brown』s parents were too poor to send him to school.
C.Mr Brown wasn』t interested in science when he was young.
D.There was no school in Mr Brown』s hometown.
2.Bill can』t do his homework because .
A.his father wouldn』t help him
B.he doesn』t listen to his teachers
C.he doesn』t like studying D.he wants to drop maths
3.Bill cried to .
A.get his parents』 help B.go to bed earlier
C.get something to eat D.watch TV with his parents
4.The phrase 「coax sb. out of crying」 in the story means .
A.制止某人哭泣 B.惹得某人哭泣
C.阻止某人叫喊 D.哄某人停止哭泣
5. is good at maths in their family.
A.Bill B.Mr Brown C.Mrs Brown D.None
6.When he had a look at Bill』s exercise-book,Mr Brown was .
A.sorry B.happy C.worried D.sad
答案見下頁
1.B
2.C
3.A
4.D
5.D
6.B
初一英語天天練:閱讀理解--煩人的蚊子
We know the mosquito very well. Mosquitoes fly everywhere. They can be found almost all over the world, and there are more than 2,500 kinds of them.
No one likes the mosquito. But the mosquito may decide that she loves you. She? Yes, she. It』s true that male mosquito doesn』t bite(咬) and only the female mosquito bites because she needs blood to lay eggs. She is always looking for things or people she wants to bite. If she likes what she finds, she bites. But if she doesn』t like your blood, she will turn to someone else for more delicious blood. Next time a mosquito bites you, just remember you are chosen. You』re different from the others!
If the mosquito likes you, she lands on your body without letting you know. She bites you so quickly and quietly that you may not feel anything different. After she bites, you will have an itch(癢) on your body because she puts something from her mouth together with your blood. By the time the itching begins, and she has flown away.
And then what happens? Well, after her delicious dinner, the mosquito feels tired. She just wants to find a place to have a good rest. There, on a leaf or a wall, she begins to lay eggs, hundreds of eggs.
1. 「Mosquito」 means _______ in Chinese.
A. 蒼蠅 B. 蜻蜓
C. 跳蚤 D. 蚊子
2. We know mosquitoes very well because ___________.
A. they can be found easily B. they fly here and there
C. there are many kinds of them D. they can fly
3. If the mosquito doesn』t bite you, it will ________.
A. get angry with you B. be afraid of you
C. make a lot of noise D. choose another one
4. The mosquito bites you _________.
A. when you』re asleep B. because you have choose it
C. too quickly to let you know D. but doesn』t like you
5. Which of the following sentences is wrong?
A. The itching begins after the mosquito bites you.
B. You feel terrible when the mosquito bites you.
C. Mosquitoes use blood to lay eggs.
D. All the mosquitoes don』t like to bite people for blood.
答案及解析:
1. D。 「吸血」和「會飛」是mosquitoes的兩個主要特徵。根據這兩個特點,聯系生活常識,即可選定答案。另外,讀罷全文之後,也能將其餘選項予以排除。
2. B。 「We know the mosquito very well. Mosquitoes fly everywhere.」一句是答案的出處。
3. D。 答案就在「But if she doesn』t like your blood, she will turn to someone else for more delicious blood.」這句話之中。
4. C。 答案的依據是「…she lands on your body without letting you know. She bites you so quickly and quietly that you may not feel anything different.」一句。
5. B。 其餘三項在文中都有明確的說明。根據上面那個小題的內容,B項明顯是錯誤的。
高考英語閱讀理解真題解析·最初的和最後的人類
導語:2014高考臨近,我為考生們整理了高考英語閱讀理解真題解析 , 希望對大家有所幫助。
Olaf Stapledon wrote a book called First and Last Men, in which he looked millions of years ahead. He told of different men and of strange civilizations(文明), broken up by long 「dark ages」 in between. In his view, what is called the present time is no more than a moment in human history and we are just the First Men. In 2,000 million years from now there will be the Eighteenth or Last Men.
However, most of our ideas about the future are really very short-sighted. Perhaps we can see some possibilities for the next fifty years. But the next hundred? The next thousand? The next million? That』s much more difficult.
When men and women lived by hunting 50,000 years ago, how could they even begin to picture modern life? Yet to men of 50,000 years from now, we may seem as primitive(原始的) in our ideas as the Stone-Age hunters do to us. Perhaps they will spend their days gollocking to make new spundels, or struggling with their ballalators through the cribe. These words, which I have just made up, have to stand for things and ideas that we simply can』t think of.
So why bother even to try imagining life far in the future? Here are two reasons. First, unless we remember how short our own lives are compared with the whole human history, we are likely to think our own interests are much more important than they really are. If we make the earth a poor place to live because we are careless or greedy(貪婪) or quarrelsome, our grandchildren will not bother to think of excuses for us.
Second, by trying to escape from present interests and imagine life far in the future, we may arrive at quite fresh ideas that we can use ourselves. For example, if we imagine that in the future men may give up farming, we can think of trying it now. So set you imagination free when you think about the future.
1. A particular mention made of Stapledon』s book in the opening paragraph ________.
A. serves as a description of human history
B. serves an introction to the discussion
C. shows a disagreement of views
D. shows the popularity of the book
2. The text discusses men and women 50,000 years ago and 50,000 years from now in order to show that ________.
A. human history is extremely long
B. life has changed a great deal
C. it is useless to plan for the next 50 years
D. it is difficult to tell what will happen in the future
3. Spundels and ballalators are used in the text to refer to ________.
A. tools used in farming
B. ideas about modern life
C. unknown things in the future
D. hunting skills in the Stone Age
4. according to the writer of the text, imagining the future will ________.
A. serve the interests of the present and future generations
B. enable us to better understand human history
C. help us to improve farming
D. make life worth living(www.nmet168.com)
【答案與解析】 這是一篇由 Olaf Stapledon 所著的《最初的和最後的人類》而引出的關於幻想未來的文章。
1. B。 用排除法解答:先排除 A,因為這篇短文並非是對人類歷史進行描述;再排除C,因為作者在此文章中並非表明對不同觀點的否定;最後排除 D,因為作者並非要說明這本書的普遍意義。至於 B 項內容,正好符合這本書引導人們討論的意圖,故應選 B。
2. D。 文中提及五萬年前,處於狩獵時代的人們不可能勾勒出現代生活的畫卷;也許我們將來會被認為是我們所認為的原始人,正如石器時代的狩獵者和我們相比一樣,可知要預測較為遙遠的未來是一件困難的事情。
3. C。 從上下文可知,這四個詞彙是作者杜撰的,用以形象地表示五萬年後未知的事物和行為。
4. A。 文中提及現在即開始對未來展開想像,是基於兩點理由:人生是有限的;我們可能得到一些對我們自己切實可行的新見解。文中還提及如果我們因粗心大意和貪得無厭而把地球弄得一塌糊塗而不能居住,我們的子孫們就不難找到遷怒於我們的理由,故應選A。
中考英語閱讀理解及答案:窮人的'孩子早當家
導讀: 英語水平的提高需要靠一點一滴的積累和長期的訓練和應用。對於即將面臨中考的考生們來說,每天做一些英語閱讀題目是很有必要的。初中頻道每日一練將持續更新,敬請關注!
Mr Brown was born in a poor family.He couldn』t go to school when he was young.Now he』s a porter[1] and works at a station.He doesn』t think it』s necessary[2] to know some knowledge[3] of science.His son,Bill,began to go to school last year.The boy likes nothing except playing.He doesn』t listen to the teachers in class and can』t do his homework after class.It』s the hardest thing for him to do maths exercises.And he wants to drop it.
Last evening Mrs Brown heard Bill crying in the next room while she and her husband were watching TV.She came up to him and asked,「What』s the matter,Bill?」
「I can』t do my maths homework,」said the boy.「I won』t go to school tomorrow!
「No,no,don』t do that!」said the woman.「Maybe your father can help you.」
Then she asked her husband to help their son with his maths.Mr Brown said,「But I don』t know maths,either.」
「It doesn』t matter,」said his wife.「You』ll only coax him out of crying.」
Mr Brown had to do as his wife said.The next afternoon Bill came back and showed his exercise?book to his father.The man had a look at it and shouted to his wife,「Come here quickly,dear!I got an A in maths!」
Notes:[1]porter /`pt/n.搬運工 [2]necessary/`nesIsrI/adj.必要的 [3]knowledge/`nlId/n.知識
根據短文內容,選擇正確答案。
1.Which of the following is true?
A.Mr Brown was going to be a porter when he was young.
B.Mr Brown』s parents were too poor to send him to school.
C.Mr Brown wasn』t interested in science when he was young.
D.There was no school in Mr Brown』s hometown.
2.Bill can』t do his homework because .
A.his father wouldn』t help him
B.he doesn』t listen to his teachers
C.he doesn』t like studying D.he wants to drop maths
3.Bill cried to .
A.get his parents』 help B.go to bed earlier
C.get something to eat D.watch TV with his parents
4.The phrase 「coax sb. out of crying」 in the story means .
A.制止某人哭泣 B.惹得某人哭泣
C.阻止某人叫喊 D.哄某人停止哭泣
5. is good at maths in their family.
A.Bill B.Mr Brown C.Mrs Brown D.None
6.When he had a look at Bill』s exercise-book,Mr Brown was .
A.sorry B.happy C.worried D.sad
答案解析在下一頁:
1.B
2.C
3.A
4.D
5.D
6.B
中考英語閱讀理解及答案:助人為樂
導讀: 英語水平的提高需要靠一點一滴的積累和長期的訓練和應用。對於即將面臨中考的考生們來說,每天做一些英語閱讀題目是很有必要的。初中頻道每日一練將持續更新,敬請關注!
The clock struck(敲)eight,but I was still on the bed.I could hear it was blowing strongly.「It must be windy outside,」 I thought.
I came to the small town a week ago. I sold some clothes to a shop.Christmas was coming and I hoped to buy some presents for my family and friends.So I tried to meet the manager and ask him to pay for(付款)them.I was out of luck(運氣不好).He went to London and I had to wait for him here.There was no theatre here but a cinema.The films were all too old.I preferred staying in the small hotel to sitting in the cold cinema(我寧願待在小旅館里,也不願坐在冰冷的電影院里).
Half an hour later,I felt hungry.I had to get up.It was white everywhere and some children were skiing down the hill.On my way to the small restaurant,I saw a boy fall on to a rock(岩石).I ran to him quickly and carried him to a hospital.Soon his parents came here.Now I knew the boy was just the manager's son.He thanked me very much and gave me the money after we had a dinner.
1)What was the weather like today?
______________________________
2)What did the writer(作者)come to the town for?
______________________________
3)Why did the writer prefer staying in the hotel?
______________________________
4)When did the writer get up?
______________________________
5)Why did the manager thank the writer?
______________________________
1)It was a windy day today.
2)He came to the town to ask the manager to pay for the clothes.
3)Because it was a little warmer there.
4)He got up at half past eight.
5)Because the writer saved his son.
初中英語閱讀知識點:閱讀理解的解題技巧
閱讀理解主要考查學生一下幾個方面的閱讀理解能力:
1、理解和把握文章主旨大意、段落大意和中心思想的能力。
2、理解和把握文章具體信息來獲取有關信息能力,及根據上下文提供的語境推測生詞詞義、句意,進而加深對文章的理解能力。
3、根據文章進行簡單的數字推算和計算的能力。
4、既要理解詞、短語、句子和文章的表層意思,更要理解其深層含義和抽象概念的能力。
5、理解全篇的邏輯關系,根據已知信息進行合理的推理判斷和預測新信息的能力。
解題技巧:
1、順序法:先讀懂文章,然後按順序答題。此方法適合內容較易於理解和記憶飛文章。
2、顛倒法:先讀試題再讀文章,這樣我們可以帶著問題有的放矢的閱讀文章並迅速發現答案。
3、交叉法:先閱讀一篇文章,把握中心大意後開始答題,對暫時確定不了的答案,可再次回讀文章的有關內容並對其進行分析、推敲後再確定。
4、排除法:對拿不準的答案,可先逐項排除自己有把握的錯誤選項,再將剩下的答案進行比較、篩選,直到確定最佳答案。
5、要尊重原材料中的信息、觀點,並在此基礎上答題;不要憑想當然、主觀臆斷答題,不要鑽牛角尖。
6、在做任務型閱讀回答問題時,要盡量簡略回答,無關信息盡量刪除。特殊疑問句的回答基本是直接信息,在原文中能直接找到答案。
5. 中考英語的閱讀理解的題型和文章類型有哪些
環球教育老師為雅思考生們總結雅思閱讀備考技巧如下,希望對您的備考有所幫助~
不知道以上內容能否對您的雅思備考有些許幫助,如有雅思備考相關問題可以隨時在線咨詢我們的環球教育老師~~第一時間為您制定計劃解答疑問,希望同學們都可以取得理想的雅思分數~
環球教育秉持教育成就未來的理念,專注於為中國學子提供優質的出國語言培訓及配套服務。環球教育在教學中採用「九步閉環法」,幫助學生快速提升學習效能,同時提供優質的課後服務,跟進學生學習進程,為優質教學提供堅強的保障。目前,環球教育北京學校已構建了包含語言培訓、出國咨詢、國際課程、游學考察、在線課程等在內的一站式服務教育生態圈。相關問題可在線免費咨詢,或撥打免費熱線400-616-8800~~
6. 中考英語閱讀理解答題技巧 解題套路有哪些
英語閱讀理解一向是考生失分嚴重的題型,那麼,答英語閱讀理解題型有哪些技巧呢?下面我整理了一些相關信息,供大家參考!
中考閱讀理解答題技巧有哪些
養成良好閱讀心態
閱讀時過於緊張、思想開小差等消極因素會妨礙大腦的正常思維,而保持心緒安定,精神專一等良好的閱讀習慣則能大大提高大腦的思維。良好的閱讀習慣來自於良好的閱讀心態。因此,從現在開始,注意在平時的閱讀理解訓練中保持一種好的閱讀心態,精力應集中,心態要平和,在碰到生詞難句時不能心煩意亂,要保持一種良好的心緒,這樣才能對所讀的文章印象清晰,思想深刻,才能更好地把握住文章的脈絡。
注重提高閱讀的速度
中考英語閱讀理解共由4篇文章組成,從某種程度上說,閱讀理解考的也是閱讀速度,要學會快速瀏覽,能快速找出文章的關鍵詞句和主旨。因此要注重培養自己快速閱讀的習慣,擴大眼睛閱讀的廣度,把逐詞逐句的點式閱讀變成一種較快速度的線式閱讀;在碰到生詞或難懂的句子時不能浪費時間,可以先行越過,個別難懂的詞句可以根據上下文和構詞法去猜測、推斷。
注意閱讀技巧訓練
可以通過反復精做一篇閱讀,直到全對,不斷總結、調整和強化獲取表層信息及內在信息或猜測、推理、判斷、概括的能力;還要善於找關鍵句,在很多文章里第一段和每段的第一句往往是關鍵句,可以幫助同學們理解整個文章的主題或某一段的概括。在閱讀中,要注意抓住中心思想(Main idea),以及文中出現的who、where、when、what及why等關鍵詞。
英語閱讀理解答題套路
1.平時多讀,考試時少讀。
平時的閱讀理解與考試時的閱讀理解側重點不同。考試考查的是同學們在規定時間內找到要求的信息的能力,不是復述文章細節的 能力。考試時讀閱讀一定緊扣主旨句,重要細節句,轉折句和結論句等。
2.不同題型的應對方法
細節題可以通過定位法查找相關細節句;推理題找邏輯相關句;觀點題找中心句;猜詞題通過上下句來分析。
3.依據閱讀理解主題句定短文的中心和文章反復提及的話題來確定文章主要內容。
4.養成辨認和記憶具體事實、重要細節的習慣。
5.運用構詞法、語境線索等幫助來推測關鍵詞義。
7. 英語閱讀理解題怎麼判斷作者的態度
英語閱讀理解題怎麼判斷作者的態度?閱讀理解都會至少有一道考作者對某問題看法或者態度的題目,這類題目首先大家要對選項中的態度詞進行辨析,如果連這幾個態度詞都不認識的話,別談做題了。其次就是對文章主旨進行把握,文章的主旨就是作者要表達的內容,從而作者的態度也會包含在其中。
一.情感態度題的詞語選項
1.褒義詞
impartial(公正的)
rewarding(有回報的)
appreciative (欣賞的)
positive (肯定的, 積極的)
optimistic (樂觀的)
useful (有用的, 有益的)
admiring (贊賞的, 欽佩的)
interesting (有趣的)
instructive (有益的, 教育性的)
enthusiastic (熱心的, 熱情的)
supportive (支持的)
support(支持)
approval (贊成, 承認)
approving (滿意的)
onfident (自信的, 確信的)
impressed (留下印象的)
reverent (尊敬的)
polite (有禮貌的, 文雅的)
2.貶義詞
apprehensive(擔憂的)
hostile (敵對的)
bious(懷疑的)
intolerant (不能容忍的)
negative (否定的, 消極的)
pessimistic (悲觀的, 厭世的)
subjective (主觀的, 個人的)
disappointed (失望的)
frustrated (失敗的, 落空的)
critical (批評的)
questioning (質疑的)
doubtful (可疑的, 不確的)
compromising (妥協的)
dissatisfied (不滿意的, 不高興的)
biased (有偏見的)
satirical (諷刺的)
puzzling (迷惑的)
suspicious (懷疑的)
gloomy (令人沮喪的)
scared (恐懼的)
cynical (憤世嫉俗的)
oppose (反對)
opposition (反對)
disgust (令人反感)
disgusting (令人厭惡的)
worried (悶悶不樂的)
depressed (沮喪的)
contemptuous (輕蔑的, 侮辱的)
arbitrary/opinionated (武斷的)
3.中性詞
analytical (分析的)
apathetic (缺乏興趣的)
concerned (關心的)
cautious (謹慎的, 小心的)
neutral (中性的)
objective (客觀的)
impartial (公平的, 不偏不倚的)
indifferent (無關緊要的)
impassive (冷漠的)
detached (超然的,不偏不倚的)
unconcerned (不關心的)
uninterested (不感興趣的)
humorous (滑稽的, 詼諧的)
disinterested (無私的)
sensitive (敏感的)
factual (事實的, 實際的)
informative (提供資訊的)
persuasive (說服的)
personal (個人的)
formal (正式的)
informal (非正式的)
casual (偶然的)
二.情感態度題常見出題位置
1.直接表達作者或者其他人態度的句子。
2.一些感情色彩較濃的詞語,尤其是形容詞、動詞和副詞等。
3.首段和末段。
4.出現轉折的地方,如nevertheless, however, but, yet等。
5.文章中一些情態動詞後面的內容,這些情態動詞有should, shouldn』t, must, mustn』t等。
三.情感態度題正確答案選項的特點
1.很多情況下,作者只是在客觀描述一種現象或是一個觀點,所以objective作為正確選項的頻率極高。
2.一般來說,indifferent不會是正確選項,因為作者如果對一個事件漠不關心、就不會專門撰文。另外,像cynical, disgust, desperate等詞語如果出現也不會是正確選項,因為一般考研閱讀理解所選的'文章不會帶有如此強烈的情感,如謾罵、攻擊等。
3.如果作者開篇就提出了一個觀點,而全文中有沒有轉折和對比的內容,一般來說作者對這個觀點持支持態度。
4.如果作者開篇提出一個觀點或者引述了別人的觀點,而後文出現重要的轉折,對上述觀點進行批評後者否定,那麼作者自己的觀點往往與開頭提出的觀點相反。
5.如果選項中出現了一對反義詞,那麼正確答案往往是這對反義詞中的一個,考生可以忽略其餘兩個選項。
6.總結歷年的文章,我們發現在關於社會科學和人文科學的文章中,一般來說如果作者都會有支持的態度;在關於自然科學的文章中,作者的態度則經常是objective, analytical等。
四.情感態度題干擾答案選項的特點
1.選項沒有體現作者的觀點,甚至是相反的意思。
2.選項中張冠李戴,把別人的觀點放到了作者頭上,或者把作者的觀點放到了別人的頭上,要加以區分。
3.上文中提到的indifferent 及其同義詞和近義詞等,以及包含強烈情感的詞語。
五.情感態度題解題方法
1.找到直接表述作者態度的句子,對應相應的選項。
2.如果沒有明確表述態度的句子,則從文章的字里行間把握文章的整體基調。
3.注意不要混淆自己的態度和作者的態度,也不要混淆作者的態度和文中其他人的態度。
8. 中考英語閱讀理解的解題技巧
閱讀理解在中考英語的試卷中,所佔的比例比較大,分值也高。那麼你知道中考 英語閱讀 理解有哪些解題技巧嗎?那麼接下來給大家分享一些關於中考英語閱讀理解的解題技巧,希望對大家有所幫助。
中考英語閱讀理解的解題技巧
1.分門別類識別文體
記敘文 閱讀主要抓四大要素,即時間、地點、人物和事件的起因、發展和結果,以及人物之間的關系、表現,從中分析他們思想品質、性格特徵等;
議論文 是闡明作者對人或事的好壞的立場觀點,因此在閱讀時必須正確把握 文章 的論點和論據,理清論證思路,再進行邏輯推理得出結論;
應用文是最貼近日常生活的文體,它包括通知、 廣告 、便條、 申請書 、個人 簡歷 ,形式多樣,題材各異,如圖示、表格、地址、網址等,對這類文體的閱讀應簡明扼要地抓住所需信息,理解文章內容。
2.統覽全篇摘錄要點
閱讀理解是對整個文章的目的、意圖、觀點、立場、態度以及內在的邏輯關系的理解,而不是斷章取義的一孔之見,所以統覽全篇和問題是很有必要的,這些問題會給你提供信息或暗示文章中的一些重要細節。
在統覽全篇的同時要注意要點的摘錄,因為一些顯性的答案是可以從要點中直接回答,而隱性的答案則是要通過對全篇的理解才能得出。摘錄要點亦有利於檢查時節省時間。
3.開動腦筋推測詞意
初中英語教學基本要求規定,學生能根據上下文推測詞義,並能不藉助詞典讀懂含有3%生詞的語言材料,換言之,這就是促使學生的知識內化的過程,學生要通過知識內化將內隱的心理活動轉換為外顯的行為,可以藉助以下的幾種 方法 完成內化過程:
(1)根據上下文猜測詞意。
(2)根據構詞法猜測詞意。
前綴un-表 反義詞 ,如happy、unhappy;fair、unfair;important、unimportant等。
後綴- ment表名詞,如develop、development;state、statement;argue、argument等。
後綴-er、-or或-ist表同源名詞,如calculate、calculator;visit、visitor;law、lawyer;wait、waiter;science、scientist;art、artist等。
4.用知識和生活 經驗 理解短文
如根據化學知識,可以理解科普讀物Water is made from oxygen and hydrogen;根據生活經驗可以理解Green plants let out oxygen and breathe in carbon dioxide.
還 有一種方法是根據邏輯推理理解短文。邏輯推理實際上就是文章的「弦外之音」、「言下之意」。如一道中考模擬卷閱讀問題, Then they came to the second picture. The assistant was going to draw the cloth as he did before. As soon as he touched the cloth, he cried, 「Wonderful It's the best picture I have ever seen!」 據此可以推斷出第二張畫畫的是一塊布。
5.條分縷析理解長句
長句是初中生閱讀理解的難點之一,長句中通常包含並列、復合、倒裝等結構,對於這類 句子 要分清主次,先找出句子的主、謂、賓、定、狀、補,再找出修飾它的從句或 短語 等。
如,Parents whose children show a special interest in a particularsport have a difficult decision to make about their children's career.
先找出本句的主、謂、賓為Parents have a decision.
再 找出修飾語Whose children show a special interest in a particular sport為Parents的定語從句,difficult修飾decision,to make about their children's careers為不定式做decision的定語。
經過分析,化整為零,化繁為簡,此句就不難理解了。
中考英語閱讀理解的方法
1.保持良好的精神狀態。良好的精神狀態對於考場上的考生來說非常重要。因為只有在心理放鬆的情況下,考生的精力才能夠集中,思維才會敏捷,從而才能將自己的真實水平發揮出來。
2. 抓住中心句。閱讀短文之前,先看短文是否有標題。若有,應給予高度重視。因為標題是文章主題的高度凝聚,它能給我們啟發和想像,有利於加深對短文的理解,從而提高做題效率。另外,在沒有標題的情況下,應充分重視短文的首、尾句。因為大多數文章都是按照「總---分---總」的結構布局的。據統計,英語中有60%-90%的主題句位於段首和段尾,短文的其他文字往往是對這些中心句的解釋和說明。
3. 克服不良習慣,提高閱讀速度。由於考試的時間有限,在保證不出偏差的前提下,一定要盡可能地提高閱讀速度。倘若能注意克服以下不良習慣,就可以大大提高閱讀速度:
①心讀。考場上不能出聲閱讀,於是有的考生就在心裡讀,有時考生的嘴唇也在動。這是非常不好的習慣,一定要下決心克服。因為這樣做會直接制約著閱讀速度的提高;
②回視(指重新閱讀上文)。閱讀中的回視是一種無效勞動,所以應一口氣把文章讀完,盡量不要回視。這壞習慣是慢慢形成的,不是一朝一夕就能克服掉的。在平時的學習中就應當引起注意並加以克服;
③一個詞一個詞地看。閱讀時,視線應從左向右跳躍式移動,著重掃描意群,同時注意意群中的重要單詞,以尋求主要的語言信息。可將冠詞、系動詞、助動詞及不定式符號等小品詞一掃而過,不可一詞不漏地全部都看一遍;
④只讀不記。正確的做法是:一邊閱讀一邊用筆記下或標出那些與文後所設問題有關的信息。這樣,在做題時就用不著重新查閱短文,至少不用一句一句地再尋找那些隱約有印象的信息,從而可以節省一些時間。
4. 判斷要有依據,推理要順乎作者的意圖。對於推理性或評價性之類的閱讀理解題目,在材料中一般是找不到現成答案的,必須通讀全篇,對所獲信息加以篩選、提煉、推斷,對作者的思想傾向,對文中提及的人物或事件可能產生的結局等,加以綜合考慮才能得出正確結論。對這種題,不能以偏概全,不能「只見樹木,不見森林」,不能以個人的想法代替作者的意圖。
5. 遇到生詞時,一定要沉著、冷靜。中考英語試題中,一般是不會盲目地出現生詞的,但不排除出現影響答題的生詞,同時也可能出現猜測生詞的題目,因為猜測詞義也是閱讀能力的體現,當然也在考查范圍之列。遇到這種題目,只要理解了全篇材料的大部分內容,弄清了上、下文之間的內在聯系,判斷出它在文中可能存在的含義是不難的。英語中猜測詞義的方法很多。
中考英語閱讀理解各題型技巧歸納
一、主旨題
主旨題主要測試學生對文章中心思想、主旨大意的理解能力。在初中階段,有關這類題的常見提問方式為:
What is the main idea of this passage?
What is the best title of this passage?
在處理這類問題時,通常採用快讀方法,先從頭到尾把文章瀏覽一遍,因為這樣可以使注意力集中於文章的整體思路及要點之間的聯系,而較慢的閱讀會使你過分注意細節,甚至個別詞,因而影響對主題的概括。特別要注意仔細閱讀開頭段和結尾段,因為大多數文章的中心思想都出現在這兩段里。
二、細節題
細節題主要測試學生識別閱讀材料中的具體事實和細節的能力。考生必須特別注意作者在陳述中談到的是何人、何事、何處、何時、何故,要在有關此類問題的地方適當做標記(比如人物名較多就用圈畫出,時間名詞較多就用波浪線,地點名詞較多就用方框等等),以便在回答問題時迅速查找。
三、詞義題
詞義題主要是檢測學生在具體文章中,根據上下文理解某個詞或某個短語的意義的能力。遇到這類試題,可從以下三方面入手:
1. 通過上下文的種.種提示來准確猜出這個詞的含義。
2. 一個單詞可以通過前綴、後綴、合成等形式派生出來很多單詞,因此可以根據構詞法辨認其中的詞根的含義,就可以判斷出其派生、轉化或復合詞的其他詞義。
3. 如果遇到非常熟悉的詞彙,一定要盡量撇開其基本含義,注意其引申的意義。
四、推斷題
推斷題主要考查學生透過文章的表面文字信息,進行分析、綜合、歸納等邏輯推理的能力。一要抓住選項與選項之間的不同,二要在文中找出與選項對應的內容進行對比。
五、觀點態度題
觀點態度題主要考查學生通過掌握主題思想和具體事實,對作者的觀點和態度做出合理推斷的能力。主要抓作者議論、抒情的段落,通常是最後一段,再結合前面做題得到的信息,來分析、推理。
建議:同學們在平日復習中,一定要加大閱讀量,閱讀的題材要廣泛,有意識培養和練就閱讀能力。在做到廣泛的同時,還要進行限時閱讀。只有這樣,才能在中考有限的時間內,准確地按時完成大量的閱讀題。
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9. 中考英語閱讀理解體裁
閱讀理解在英語考試里所佔的分值比較大,但是卻有存在較大的難度。下面,針對中考,我們來看看中考的英語閱讀理解題材都有哪些,為中考加油。
閱讀理解題對學生提出了較高的能力要求,主要是考查學生通過閱讀獲取信息、分析信息和處理信息的能力,既要抓住文章的主旨,又要抓住細節;既要理解具體事實,又要理解抽象概念;既要理解文章字面意思,又要挖掘作者意圖,揣摩隱藏在字里行間的內涵既要理解全篇的邏輯關系又要理解某些細節的意思,並且在讀懂句子和文章的基礎上,將所讀文章進行判斷、分析和推理。概括的說就是這類題注重考查閱讀技能,包括理解短文大意、了解具體細節、通過上下文猜測詞義、歸納篇章大意,以及推斷或理解作者的態度和意圖等。考生不僅要具有準確獲得信息的能力,還要具有透過文章表層意思理解文章隱含意義的能力。這樣才能抓住中心思想,作出正確的判斷。試題涉及掌握語篇主旨,事實細節、深層含義、推理判斷、猜測詞義等多方面的閱讀能力考查。設題通常考慮以下四個方面。
1. 直觀性問題 。直接引用原文中的語句或根據短文中原語句稍加改動而編成。
2. 常識性問題。 考查學生依據短文信息,並根據自己所具備的一般常識作出判斷的題型.
3. 理解性問題。 考查學生對文章的中心思想,某段的段落大意,某一事實的細節及作者意圖等的理解程度。
4. 推理性問題。 這類題需在深刻理解短文後,再經過推理判斷才能選出正確答案。
閱讀是一個復雜的心理過程,語言學家古德曼(Groodman)認為,閱讀就是讀者通過其心理和語言活動理解來接受作者的思想和觀點。如果學生能讀懂一篇文章,則表明作者寫作時的思維過程與該生在閱讀時的思維活動趨於吻合,這就是說學生的閱讀理解必須實於原文,不可脫離文章憑空想像。
對學生進行閱讀技巧訓練還應該從文體角度來訓練,因為一篇文章的設題是受其文體限制的。下面我們分析幾個不同體裁文章的特點,供大家參考。
a. 故事類。
初中生接觸到的閱讀材料大都是故事類。閱讀故事類的材料,應該抓住人物線索、地點線索、時間線索和情節發展線索。特別注意的是,以上線索往往是並存的。因為情節的發展總是涉及到人物的變化、時間的推移、場景的變換等。而閱讀材料後的閱讀理解題往往會圍繞這些內容設計一些事實類的理解題。凡事實類的理解題都可以從閱讀材料的表層文字中找到答案。在閱讀故事類短文時,應指導學生理解文章的深層含義,也就是它的主題。在此需要注意的'是,現在的閱讀理解題在測試事實類的理解題的同時,往往有一道推理類理解測試題.
b.科普類。
這里所指的科普類是廣義的。它包含有介紹科學知識、社會知識的短文。閱讀這類短文時,要以事實為中心進行思考,抓住事物的特徵、用途、相互關系等.如果是介紹社會現象的文章,要掌握所談現象的內涵。
c.圖表類。
這類短文是通過看圖或表格等來了解某方面的情況。指導學生閱讀這類材料時,主要從兩方面入手;一是了解圖表的主題,確定圖表的主要內容,二是推敲圖畫語盲或數字,找出它們之間的關聯或試圖表達的含義。
d.新聞類。
報刊閱讀應逐步成為中學生閱讀的一個重要內容。由於新聞報道強調遵循 5 個 w 和 1 個 H,所以,我們在閱讀時也要抓住這一點去理解把握。
10. 英語閱讀:態度題答題技巧
英語閱讀:態度題答題技巧
整個閱讀部分的考題中,態度題年年考,年年出。雖說這種題的題量不會很大,平均下來每年一道題左右,但如果考生希望拿到理想的閱讀分數,這道態度題幾乎是必須做對的。在此給大家幾點做態度題的建議。
第一,問作者對某事物的態度時中,表示客觀的詞多為正確選項,如objective,impartial,unbiased等。
第二,既然寫了文章,那麼作者的態度就不會是漠不關心,因此當問及作者對文中主題詞的態度時,見到indifferent,uninterested,carefree,detached這類詞基本可以排除。
第三,表示偏見的詞一般不選,如subjective,prejudiced,biased,partial等
第四,表示困惑、迷茫不知所措的詞不選,如confused,perplexed,puzzled,ambigus等。
第五,感情色彩深、程度深的詞不選,如enthusiastic,strong,completely,radical等;反之,程度較淺的詞則可入選,如preserved,qualified,tempered,guarded等
第六,某一事物是好還是壞,作者對它是支持還是反對,只要作者寫的是真正的議論文,態度一般都會比較明確,而帶中立色彩的詞相對來講不容易成為正確答案,如neutral等。
第七,注意不要把我們自己的好惡態度糅進其中,不要用帶有主觀傾向的視角評判作者態度。第五,作者引用別人的觀點時,我們勿必分辨清楚作者引用的觀點是作為支持還是反對的例證,要注意區分作者本人的態度和作者引用的觀點的態度。第六,在做閱讀題時,每位考生應該清醒地認識到我們是讀者,一旦要讀者對作者進行評論時,必須小心謹慎,如履薄冰,盡量不要用貶義詞去表述作者態度,否則就是對作者的不敬,後果想必會比較嚴重。總之,只要掌握以上原則,我們在處理態度題時會比較得法,而且正確率也會提高。
此外,大家做題之前,應先熟悉在考題中常常出現的表示態度的詞彙。
(一)積極意義的詞彙
positive肯定的,積極的favorable贊成的,有利的consent贊成,同意
supportive支持的,支援的defensive辯護的,保衛的optimistic樂觀的
confident自信的,確信的respectful尊敬的approval贊成,承認
sympathetic贊成,支持
(二)客觀意義的`詞彙
objective客觀的impartial公平的,不偏不倚的disinterested無私的
unbiased沒有偏見的unprejudiced公平的,無偏見的
(三)消極意義的詞彙
negative否定的,消極的critical批評的worried焦慮的,擔心的pessimistic悲觀的
apprehensive憂慮的opposed反對的suspicious懷疑的
doubtful可疑的,不確定的ironic說反話的,諷刺的disapproval不贊成
objection反對,不贊成opposition反對criticism批評,批判
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