英語最富有的人閱讀答案
㈠ 全國英語等級考試三級閱讀真題及譯文答案
2017全國英語等級考試三級閱讀真題及譯文答案
導語：閱讀理解是公共英語當中對考生來說比較難的一個題目，因為選項當中有很多迷惑人的答案，下面是我提供的2017全國英語等級考試三級閱讀真題及譯文答案，大家先練練手吧!
【2017全國英語等級考試三級閱讀真題及譯文答案一】
Today there are three different kinds of New Yorkers: the people who act as if they were born here; the people who are here and wish to be elsewhere; and the collection of virtual New Yorkers all over the world, who wish they were hying in New York. These are the three States of mind and what they have in common are longing and illusion. In fact, it' s a city of dreamers.
What makes New York special? New Yorkers are convinced of its speciainess--but Toronto is more diverse, London is larger, Washington is more powerful. So why does New York think it' s the capital of the world?
People often explain the problems in European cities by citing inequality. But New York today is one of the most unequal cities in America. In 2010, 1 percent of New Yorkers earned 45 percent of its income. That works out to an average of $ 3.7 million a year for the city' s top 34,500 households. The average daily income of this group is greater than the average annual income of the city's bottom 10 percent.
So why would people still come to try their luck in this tough place? Is it opportunity or illu- sion that draws them?
They come because any newcomer can find a place in the hierarchy of New York. If you look at a New York City restaurant, for example, the cook might be French, the people washing dishes might be Mexican, the hostess might be Russian, the owner might be British. They arc not all equal. They earn different rates. But they work together to get food to hungry people.
What New York demonstrates is this: immigration works. The city can use its immigrants, even the illegal ones. Though they broke the law by illegally crossing the borders, the city' s econ- omy would be a shell of itself had they not, and it would collapse if they were deported. Attracted here by the founding myth of the city, each immigrant is seeking to escape from history, personal and political. For him, New York is the city of the second chance.
46. The writer mentions the three kinds of New Yorkers to stress that_______
A. they share the same longingB. they are in pursuit of dreams
C. they are proud of their birthplace D. they wish to live in another place
47. In the eyes of New Yorkers, their city is_______
A. powerful
B. diverse
C. special
D. large
48. The figures in paragraph 3 are given to show that New York_______
A. favors the lucky
B. favors tue locals
C. is a city of inequality
D. is a city of opportunities
49. People keep coming to New York because they can find jobs that_______
A. challenge them
B. suit them well
C. pay them well
D. raise their status
50. It is hnplied in the text that New York is_______
A. a tolerant city
B. a wealthy city
C. a mythical city
D. a historical city
譯文
當今有三種不同類型的紐約人：第一種表現得好像他們生來就在紐約;第二種雖然在紐約卻希望生活在別處;第三種是來自世界各地的一群希望生活在紐約的虛擬紐約人。這是三種不同的心態，其共同點是憧憬和幻想。事實上，這是一座夢想家的城市。
是什麼使得紐約與眾不同?紐約人確信紐約是獨一無二的—但是多倫多更加多元化，倫敦更大，華盛頓更有權勢。那麼，為什麼紐約認為自己是世界之都呢?人們常常說歐洲的城市問題是不平等。但是當今的紐約是美國最不平等的城市之一。2010年，l%的紐約人的收入佔到全紐約的45%。這意味著這個城市最有錢的34，500個家庭的平均年收入是370萬美元。這個群體平均日收入要多於這個城市最貧窮的l0%的人的平均年收入。那麼，為什麼仍然有人願意到這樣一個不平等的地方來碰運氣呢?吸引他們來到這里的是機會還是幻覺?他們來到這里是因為任何新來者都可以在紐約的不同層級中找到自己的位置。例如，你隨便看一家紐約的飯店，他們的廚師可能是法國人，洗盤子的可能是墨西哥人，女服務員可能是俄羅斯人，店主人可能是英國人。他們並不完全平等。他們賺得不同的收入。但是他們一起工作把食物提供給飢餓的人們。紐約向我們展示的是：移民很有用。這座城市利用它的移民，甚至非法移民。雖然他們非法跨越邊境破壞了法律，但是如果他們不那樣做，這座城市的經濟將只是一個空殼，如果把他們驅逐出境，這座城市的經濟也會崩潰。被這座城市的傳說所吸引，每個移民都想到這里來尋求一種對過去、個人以及政治生活的解脫。對於這樣的移民來說，紐約是給了他第二次生命的城市。
答案
46.B【精析】主旨題。根據第一段內容可知，當今有三種不同類型的紐約人：第一種表現得好像他們生來就在紐約;第二種雖然在紐約卻希望生活在別處;第三種是來自全世界的一群希望生活在紐約的虛擬的紐約人。這是三種不同的心態，其共同點是憧憬和幻想。事實上，這是一座夢想家的城市。故選B。
47.C 【精析】細節題。根據第二段第一、二句話：什麼使得紐約與眾不同?紐約人確信紐約是獨一無二的`。故選C。
48.C【精析】細節題。根據第三段第二句話：但是當今的紐約是美國最不平等的城市之一。故選C。
49.B【精析】細節題。根據第五段第一句話：他們來到這里是因為任何新來者都可以在紐約的不同層級中找到自己的位置。故選B。
50.A【精析】推斷題。根據最後一段可知，紐約吸納了各種移民者(不論是否合法)來促進自己城市的經濟發展。由此可以推知，紐約是一個寬容的城市，故選A。
【2017全國英語等級考試三級閱讀真題及譯文答案二】
We' ve read how babies stare longer and cry less when held by pretty people, and heard tales of handsome children doing better in school, given special attention by their teachers. In life, as in love, beautiful people seem to have it awfully easy. But what if we told you that when it comes to online dating, good looks could actually hurt you?
According to a recent survey of 43,000 users by OK Cupid, an online dating site, the moremen disagree about a woman' s looks, the more they end up liking her. What does that mean for ladies looking for a match? " We now have mathematical evidence that minimizing your weaknesses' is the opposite of what you should do," says the site's co-founder, Christian Rudder. "If you' re a little fat, play it up. If you have a big nose, play it up. Statistically, the guys who don't like it can only help you, and the ones who do like it will be all the more excited. "
The results of this study end up highlighting an idea that recent scientific research does indeed support. Which is this: the beautiful may have it good, but online, as in work and life, women who are too attractive don't always have an advantage.
Beauty creates more competition--among women, taught they must out-look each other for men and jobs and everyday satisfaction; and among men, who are competing for the most attrac- tive prize. All of which might help explain why 47 percent of corporate recruiters believe it' s pos- sible for a woman to suffer for being "too good-looking" ; why attractive women tend to face heightened examination from their female peers; or, finally, why men on OK Cupid end up con- tacting women who may ultimately be less attractive--because it removes the opposition. "If you suspect other men are uninterested, it means less competition," explains Rudder. "You might start thinking: maybe she's lonely., maybe she's just waiting to find a guy who appreciates her. at least I won' t get lost in the crowd. "
In the end, being beautiful will always have its blessings--but sometimes, there' s more to an
advantage than meets the eye.
51. It is generally believed that beautiful people_______
A. have less difficult in life
B. are less worried about love
C. pay less attention to others
D. like to gaze at lovely babies
52. The OK Cupid survey found that men' s arguments over a woman' s looks
A. have little meaning
B. benefit online dating
C. will actually hurt her
D. add to her popularity
53. Christian Rudder advises women to_______
A. play up their physical advantages
B. view their popularity scientifically
C. highlight their physical weaknesses
D. accept guys who are willing to help
54. The attitude of women toward their attractive peers is_______
A. critical
B. friendly
C. conservative
D. straightforward
55. The main idea of the text is that a woman' s good looks_______
A. help to shape ideas of beauty
B. can put her at a disadvantage
C. end up with blessings for her
D. will always appeal to the eye
譯文
我們讀過很多文章是關於漂亮的人抱著嬰兒，嬰兒會盯著看得時間更久，並且會哭得更少;也聽過一些傳說關於長得好的人在學校的表現更好。並且會受到老師的特殊照顧。在生活中，正如在愛情中一樣，漂亮的人似乎生活得更容易。但是如果我們告訴你，在網上約會時，長得好看可能會傷害你，你會怎麼樣?根據一家互聯網約會網站——0K丘比特最近一項針對43，000名用戶所做的調查，男人越是不喜歡一位女士的外貌，最終越是可能喜歡上她。對於尋求另一半的女士來說，這意味著什麼呢?“我們現在有絕對的證據表明你不應該隱藏自己的缺點，”該網站的合夥創辦人——克里斯丁·盧德說。“如果你有點胖，突出它。如果你鼻子大，突出它。統計數據表明，不喜歡你的缺點的人只會幫助你，然而喜歡的人會更加興奮。”
這個研究結果最終強調了，最近的科學研究確實支持了這一觀點。該觀點是：漂亮可能會有好處，但是在互聯網上，正如在工作和生活中一樣，太有吸引力的女性並不總是有優勢。美麗帶采更多的競爭，女性受到的教育是為了得到男人、工作以及日常的滿足，她們必須比其他女性長得好看;而男性競爭是為了獲得最好的戰利品。這一切可能有助於解釋為什麼47%的招聘單位都認為長得太好看的女性可能會受苦;為什麼女性同伴們對於長得好看的女性更加挑剔;最後一點，為什麼在OK丘比特網站男性最終找的都是不怎麼吸引人的女性——因為這減少了很多對手。“如果你覺得其他男性不感興趣，那意味著更少的競爭，”盧德解釋說。“你可能認為：可能她很孤獨….可能她只是等著找一位欣賞她的男士…，至少我不會迷失在人群巾，”最終，長得好看總是幸運的，但是有時候與養眼相比還有更多可以成為優勢的方面。
答案
51.A【精析】細節題。文章第一段詳細介紹了這一點：我們讀過很多文章是關於嬰兒由漂亮的人抱著，會盯著看得時間更久，並且會哭得更少;也聽過一些傳說關於長得好的人在學校的表現也更好，並且受到老師的特殊照顧。在生活中，正如在愛情中一樣，漂亮的人似乎生活得更容易點。故選A。
52.D【精析】細節題。根據第二段可知，0K丘比特最近針對43，000名用戶所做的調查顯示，男人越是不看好一位女士的外貌，最終越是可能會喜歡上她。故選D。
53.C【精析】細節題。根據第二段可知，克里斯丁·盧德建議女士們不要隱藏自己的缺點，要突出它。故選C。
54.A【精析】細節題。根據第四段第二句可知，女性同伴們對於長得好的女性更加挑剔，故選A。
55.B【精析】推斷題。根據第四段可知，美麗引起更多的競爭，很多招聘單位都認為長得太好看的女性可能容易受苦;女性同伴們對於長得好的女性更加挑剔;在OK丘比特網站男性最終找的都是不怎麼吸引人的女性。因此可推知，女性的美貌不總是帶來優勢，有時候也會帶來不利。故選B。
;㈡ 《巴比倫最富有的人》閱讀+筆記（12/300）
《巴比倫最富有的人》是美國作者喬治·S·克拉森著，鬧米 翻譯，
豆瓣評分 7.8分，閱讀分類：財商教育類，
讀前自我提問：
1、巴比倫最富有的人是如何致富的？
2、巴比倫的富翁致富有什麼秘訣？
3、巴比倫最富有的人能給我帶來什麼積極正面的影響？或者是可借鑒之處？
九宮格points:
1、巴比倫成為古代世界上最富有的城市，那裡是當代金融基本原則的搖籃，這些原則如今已經在全球范圍內被認同和使用。
2、關於學習，分兩種：
一種是直接教會你所不回的；另一種是教會你一種方法，通過這種方法去學習你所不會的。
3、放債人奧加型扮米教會阿爾卡德，普通人致富的三步驟：
第一、學會花更敬源少的錢來滿足家庭開銷，來保證每個月可以有固定的存款；
第二、賺錢要向內行人尋求忠告；
第三、讓錢來工作賺錢，再讓賺來的錢繼續賺錢。
4、擺脫貧窮七步走：
第一、存錢，至少收入的十分之一；
第二、控制支出，堅持做預算；
第三、使收入增值，堅持理財；
第四、守護財富，嚴防損失，投資的首要原則是保證本金安全，投資前向內行人請教；
第五、買一套自己的房子；
第六、做養老規劃；
第七、提高賺錢的能力，堅持學習賺錢的亮租態技能；
5、人們需要保護也渴望被保護，.....。這種渴望是天性。
6、遇困境，要有決心，才能找到出路。
7、欠債還款計劃
首先收入的70%用來維持開銷；
然後用10%存錢，錢生錢；
用20%用開還債.
8、勤奮努力不一定能賺到大錢，但是想要賺大錢一定要勤奮努力，這是致富的第一秘訣；
9、巴比倫人最早發明了用貨幣進行交易，也是契約書和財產所有權的首倡者。
（踐行）接下來要怎麼做：
1、堅持每日學習投資理財知識；
2、堅持基金定投；
3、閑置的新房子拿來出租；
4、控制不必要的開銷，並堅持每個月做好花銷預算和月底開銷復盤。
書評：
這本書中，作者通過是個小故事，總結出一個個鮮活的結論，每一章都是一個小故事，從告誡人們窮人要如何翻身致富，如何向富有的人學習賺錢經驗，具體如何致富，遇到逆境該如何翻身等等一系列現實問題，許多當代年輕人遇到的財務問題，在本書中都可以找到答案，有機會可以看看....
㈢ 求英語閱讀答案啦~初二
劉洋生於1978年10月,來自河南省。她是瘦的,高的。她看起來沒有不同於其他女人。然而,劉洋被選為中國第一個女宇航員在太空6月16日,2012年。從那時起,她創造了歷史。
劉洋是唯一的孩子在她的家人。她一直很努力地學習。「我們都相信她會產生很大的影響,因為她是善於解決各種困難。她總是在她的研究都取得了不錯的成績,」劉說的叔叔。
劉翔的高中同學記得劉洋很安靜和害羞,但她對別人很友好。她總是有一個明亮的甜蜜的微笑在她臉上。
劉洋高中畢業後,她開始學習成為一個飛行員。劉訓練很艱苦,但從沒想過放棄。每天早上,她會跑至少5公里。除了培訓以外,她還花了她的空閑時間在她的愛好。說到她的成功,劉說,「當我第一次加入了軍隊,我們都被告知,女性和男性不會區別對待。女飛行員男性飛行員可以實現相同的目標。
在太空中,劉洋做很多有趣的事情,比如打掃屋子,看著畫冊,玩魔方(魔方),做中國功夫。此外,她打電話給她的丈夫。
當劉洋成功和她的同事回到土地,她成為一個偶像(偶像)對許多青少年。
76年()。劉洋是此刻。
答:一個女人飛行員b .大學生
c .女性宇航員d .體育教練
77年()。下劃線的單詞「各種」可能意味著「______」之上。
答:各種各樣的b光彩奪目的c .輕而易舉的d .懸而未決的
78年()。劉洋創造了歷史,因為______。
她又瘦又高,不同於其他女人
她善於處理不同的困難
c .她成為中國第一個女宇航員在太空
d .她總是有一個明亮的甜蜜的微笑在她臉上
79年()。劉洋在太空做了很多有趣的事情,除了_____。
答:有一個打掃屋子看著畫冊
c .做中國功夫d為丈夫做飯
80年()。以下哪一個是正確的根據這一段嗎?
答:劉洋生於1978年10月,來自湖南省。
b .劉洋在她的研究都取得了不錯的成績在高中。
c .劉洋一直到目前為止第一個中國女性飛行員。
d當劉洋第一次參軍,她被區別對待。
㈣ 專八英語考試閱讀試題及答案詳解
The Young Generation
Old people are always saying that the young are not whatthey were. The same comment is made from generation togeneration and it is always true. It has never been truer than it istoday. The young are better ecated. They have a lot moremoney to spend and enjoy more freedom. They grow up morequickly and are not so dependent on their parents. They thinkmore for themselves and do not blindly accept the ideals of theirelders. Events which the older generation remembers vividly arenothing more than past history. This is as it should be. Every new generation is different from theone that preceded it. Today the difference is very marked indeed.
The old always assume that they know best for the simple reason that they have been around abit longer. They don’t like to feel that their values are being questioned or threatened. And this isprecisely what the young are doing. They are question the assumptions of their elders anddisturbing their complacency. Office hours, for instance, are nothing more than enforced slavery.Wouldn’t people work best if they were given complete freedom and responsibility? And whatabout clothing? Who said that all the men in the world should wear drab grey suits and convicthaircuts? If we ruin our minds to more serious matters, who said that human differences can bestbe solved through conventional politics or by violent means, who said that human difference canbest be solved through conventional politics or by violent means? Why have the older generationso often used violence to solve their problems? Why are they so unhappy and guilt-ridden in theirpersonal lives, so obsessed with mean ambitions and the desire to amass more and more materialpossessions? Can anything be right with the rat-race? Haven’t the old lost touch with all that isimportant in life?
These are not questions the older generation can shrug off lightly. Their record over the pastforty years or so hasn’t been exactly spotless. Traditionally, the young have turned to their eldersfor guidance. Today, the situation might be reversed. The old—if they are prepared to admitit—could learn a thing or two from their children. One of the biggest lessons they could learn is thatenjoyment is not ‘sinful’. Enjoyment is a principle one could apply to all aspects of life. It is surelynot wrong to enjoy your work and enjoy your leisure; to shed restricting inhibitions. It is surely notwrong to live in the present rather than in the past or future. This emphasis on the present is onlyto be expected because the young have grown up under the shadow of the bomb: the constantthreat of complete annihilation. This is their glorious heritage. Can we be surprised that they shouldso often question the sanity of the generation that bequeathed it?
1. Which of the following features in the young is NOT mentioned?
[A] Better ecated. [B] More money and freedom.
[C] Independence. [D] Hard work.
2. What so the young reject most?
[A] Values. [B] The assumption of the elders.
[C] Conformity. [C] Conventional ideas.
3. Why do the young stress on the present?
[A] They have grown up under the shadow of the bomb.
[B] They dislike the past.
[C] They think the present world is the best.
[D] They are afraid of destruction.
4. What can the old learn from the young generation?
[A] Enjoyment is not sinful. [B] People should have more leisure time.
[C] Men might enjoy life. [D] One should enjoy one’s work.
答案詳解：
1. D. 艱苦工作。這在第一段中第四句“青年一代受了更好教育，有大量的錢話，有更多的自由。他們成長的很快，不那麼依賴於父母，他們獨立思考得更多，不盲目接受老一代的理想……。”
A. 受更好的教育。 B. 更多的錢和自由。 C. 獨立性。這三項均提及到。
2. C. 順從。第二段集中講到這一點。“因為老人們經常認為自己懂得多，理由就是他們經歷得多。他們不喜歡自己的價值觀受到懷疑或威脅。而這正是青年在做的。他們對老人們的設想提出疑問，打亂他們的自鳴得意。他們甚至敢於懷疑老一代創造了世界上可能最佳的社會。他們最反對的莫過於順從。例如：他們說辦公時間就是強制奴役，如果人們完全自由，絕對負責，他們的工作不會更好嗎?而穿衣呢?誰說世界上所有的男人都該穿單調的灰色西裝和剪成像罪犯似的短發?……。”這些詞語都表示他們最反對的東西是遵從，“一致性”。所以
A. 價值。 B. 長者的設想。 D. 傳統習俗觀念。都是具體的某一點。
3. A. 他們在炸彈的陰影下成長。第三段倒數第四句起“由於年輕人是在炸彈戰爭的陰影下成長壯大：在不斷受到全面殲滅的威脅之下，所以也只能期望他們重視目前。這是他們的光榮遺產。他們經常詢問贈給他們遺產的這代人的頭腦是否清醒。對此我們能表示驚訝嗎?”遺產指的是第二段的種種問題所體現出來的東西，如：“誰說人類之差異能通過常規政策或暴力手段予以很好的解決?為什麼老一代人常用暴力來解決他們的問題?為什麼他們(老一代)個人生活那麼不愉快。老有負罪感?為什麼老糾纏於要積聚越來越多的物質財富?……。”
B. 他們不喜歡過去。 C. 他們認為現世界是最好的。 D. 他們害怕破壞。
4. A. 享受不是犯罪。這在第三段中間“老年人——如果他們准備承認的話——可以從他們的孩子們那裡學到一兩件事。他們能學的最大的課堂之一是享受不是犯罪。”“享受”是人可適用於生活各個方面的原則。從工作中獲得樂處，享受閑暇時間，肯定不是錯誤。拋棄約束限制，生活在現在而不是生活在過去肯定也不是錯。
B. 人們應有更多的閑暇。 C. 人可以享受生活。 D. 一個人應當享受工作。
詞彙：
1. reminder 使共回想起某事的東西，提示者
2. complacency 自鳴得意，自滿情結
3. take leave 擅自，任意，隨意
I took leave to consider this matter settled. 請原諒我認為這事已經解決了。
4. conformity 與……一致，遵從
5. guilt 有罪，內疚
6. ridden (ride 的過去分詞)受……支配的`，受……壓迫
7. guilt-ridden 負罪感
8. amass 積累，積聚
9. a rat-race 激烈的競爭
10. shrug off 對……聳肩表示不屑一理，輕視，擺脫
11. spotless 無污點的，純潔的
12. shed 擺脫，拋棄
13. annihilate 殲滅
14. bequeath 贈送，把……傳給後代
15. sanity 頭腦清醒健全
難句譯註：
1. convict haircut. Convict 義：罪犯。罪犯和短發兩字合在一起為“囚犯理的發式”。但在這里其含義根據上下文決定。前面講到“誰說世界上所有的男人都應穿淺灰色的西裝”，後面只能譯成“剪成像罪犯似的短發呢”。本義有haircut義：修理整齊的短發。整齊劃一表示紳士派的工作人中作風正派，認真負責，一絲不苟的精神。作者用了convict罪犯一字表示諷刺：“罪犯也是整齊劃一的短發跟紳士們的要求一樣，難道他們也是作風正派，認真負責，一絲不苟嗎?”
寫作方法與文章大意：
這是一篇論及“代溝”的文章。主要採用對比手法，一開始就提出了一個老問題：“老人們經常說年輕人不是從前那樣了。這一評語代代相傳，永遠是對的，而今天比以前任何時候更正確。”下面幾段就論述他們之不同點以及對比老少兩代人的態度。
㈤ 職稱英語理工類閱讀判斷專項試題及答案(2)
練習：
1.The country says that the investment of US $14 million is big enough for developing that country’s chip instry.
ARight BWrong CNot mentioned
2.That country gives top priorities to developing chips for military purposes.
ARight BWrong CNot mentioned
3.Although the licensing fees are not very high, that Far Eastern country cannot afford to pay.
ARight BWrong CNot mentioned
4.Many western countries ban the exporting of the most advanced chip-making technologies to that country to prevent them from being used for military purposes.
ARight BWrong CNot mentioned
5.Currently, almost all the flagship chipmakers in that country are owned by American investors.
ARight BWrong CNot mentioned
6.Mainstream chip proction technology develop rapidly.
ARight BWrong CNot mentioned
7.More than 10 chip plants being built in that country are an example of self-reliance.
ARight BWrong CNot mentioned
答案與題解：
1.B本題給出的信息是錯誤的。最後一段說到，如果新建的晶元中心能在改善該國在晶元行業的被動形勢中起重要作用，該國認為：“... the US $14 million investment is still rather small”。
2.C文章沒有提供這方面的信息。
3.B文章提到專利費較高，此句說較低，與原意不符。
4.A本題給出的信息是正確的。第二段有這樣一句話：Currently, chip plants in this country are in a passive situation because many foreign governments don’t allow them to import the most advanced technologies, fearing they will be used for military purposes.這就是選A的依據。
5.C文章沒有提供這方面的信息。
6.A選A的依據是第三段第一句：... mainstream chip proction technology shifts from one generation to the next every three to five years ...
7.B本題給出的信息是錯誤的。第四段第二句說明，這些晶元工廠的技術主要是從日本和新加坡進口的。
譯文：微晶元研究中心成立
為了開發先進的微晶元生產技術，這個遠東國家建立了一個研究中心，該中心啟動資金為一千四百萬美元，可以幫助該國開發自己的晶元工業，不必總是依賴於進口技術。
該中心將會應用自己的研究技術和設施，為本國晶元廠家開發新技術。這個國家名列首位的晶元製造公司說，晶元中心的成立可能使這個國家擺脫從他國購買即將淘汰的.技術的困境。由於許多外國政府擔心先進技術會被用於軍事目的，不允許這個國家的晶元生產廠家進口前沿技術，所以這些生產廠家處於一種被動局面。另外，由於這些晶元生產廠家必須向技術提供者支付高額的許可費，這也構成了他們決定要自力更生的一個重要原因。
由於主流晶元生產技術每隔 3～5年就要進行更新換代，所以掌握了新技術的廠家就可以以較低的成本製造出較好的晶元，而那些耗費數十億美元建立起的廠家，如果設備落後，也將會被生產商所淘汰。
幾個晶元廠正在建立之中，每個廠的造價都在幾百萬美元，其中大部分資金都流向了海外設備商和技術所有者——主要是日本和新加坡。
如果新建的晶元中心能在改變該國晶元行業的被動形勢中起到重要作用，該國承認，一千四百萬美元的投資仍是微不足道的。該國正在開發綜合技術，大部分投資將用於與技術和知識產權所有者建立聯盟。
Text three
The Biology of Music
Humans use music as a powerful way to communicate. It may also play an important role in love. But what is music, and how does it work its magic? Science does not yet have all the answers.
What are two things that make humans different from animals? One is language, and the other is music. It is true that some animals can sing (and many birds sing better than a lot of people). However, the songs of animals, such as birds and whales, are very limited. It is also true that humans, not animals, have developed musical instruments. 1
Music is strange stuff. It is clearly different from language. However, people can use music to communicate things — especially their emotions. When music is combined with speech in a song, it is a very powerful form of communication. But, biologically speaking, what is music?
If music is truly different from speech, then we should process music and language in different parts of the brain. The scientific evidence suggests that this is true.
Sometimes people who suffer brain damage lose their ability to process language. However, they don’t automatically lose their musical abilities. For example, Vissarion Shebalin, a Russian composer，had a stroke in 1953. It injured the left side of his brain. He could no longer speak or understand speech. He could, however, still compose music until his death ten years later. On the other hand，sometimes strokes cause people to lose their musical ability, but they can still speak and understand speech. This shows that the brain processes music and language separately.
By studying the physical effects of music on the body，scientists have also learned a lot about how music influences the emotions. But why does music have such a strong effect on us? That is a harder question to answer. Geoffrey Miller, a researcher at University College, London, thinks that music and love have a strong connection. Music requires special talent, practice, and physical ability. That’s why it may be a way of showing your fitness to be someone’s mate. For example, singing in tune or playing a musical instrument requires fine muscular control. You also need a good memory to remember the notes. And playing or singing those notes correctly suggests that your hearing is in excellent condition. Finally, when a man sings to the woman he loves (or vice versa)， it may be a way of showing off.
However, Miller’s theory still doesn’t explain why certain combinations of sounds influence our emotions so deeply. For scientists，this is clearly an area that needs further research.
詞彙：
automatically .自動地
note 音符
stroke 中風
注釋：
1.It is also true that humans, not animals, have developed musical instruments：人研製出了樂器，而動物則不能。Develop：研製，例如：Scientists are developing new drugs to treat cancer.科學家們正在研發新葯用以治療癌症。
練習：
1.Humans, but not animals, can sing.
ARight BWrong CNot mentioned
2.People can use music to communicate their emotions.
ARight BWrong CNot mentioned
3.We use the same part of the brain for music and language.
ARight BWrong CNot mentioned
4.Geoffery Miler has done research on music and emotions.
ARight BWrong CNot mentioned
5.It’s hard for humans to compose music.
ARight BWrong CNot mentioned
6.Memory is not an important part in singing in tune.
ARight BWrong CNot mentioned
7.Scientists does not know all the answers about the effects of music on humans.
ARight BWrong CNot mentioned
答案與題解：
1.B第二段的第三句：It is true that some animals can sing (and many birds sing better than a lot of people).可以看出有些動物會唱歌，而不只人類會唱歌。
2.A第三段的第三句：However, people can use music to communicate things — especially their emotions.這句清楚表明，人們可以用音樂來表達情感。
3.B第四段說明：科學證明人們用大腦的不同區域處理語言和音樂。在第五段，作者用Vissarion Shebalin的例子進一步說明人腦處理語言和音樂的位置不同，Shebalin中風以後不能講話也聽不懂別人的話，但他卻能創作樂曲。
4.A第六段的第四句：Geoffrey Miller, a researcher at University College，London，thinks that music and love have a strong connection.這句說明Miller對音樂和愛(情感)的關系進行了研究，他得出的結論是：音樂和愛有密切的關聯。
5.C文中沒有提及創作樂曲是否困難。
6.B第六段有一句：You also need a good memory to remember the notes.此句說明必須具備好的記憶力記音符才能唱得符合調子。
7.A最後一段講的是：科學家們需要做更多的研究才能解釋為什麼有些聲音影響我們的情感會如此之深。也就是說，科學家不能全部解釋音樂對人類的影響。
譯文：音樂生物學
人們把音樂作為一種高效的交流方式，在愛情中它也可能會起到重要的作用。但是音樂是什麼?它又是如何起到神奇的效果?科學界還沒有給出答案。
哪兩項事物使得人類不同於動物?一個是語言，另一個是音樂。當然一些動物會唱歌 (並且許多鳥唱得比很多人都好聽) ，但是，動物的歌聲是有限的，比如鳥類和鯨魚。同樣，是人類而不是動物開發出了樂器。
音樂是個奇怪的東西，它與語言有明顯的不同。但是，人們能夠用音樂去傳達——尤其是情感。當音樂與歌曲中的語言結合在一起的時候，它就是一種強有力的表達方式。但是，從生物學來講，音樂是什麼?
如果音樂與語言真的不同，那麼我們應該在大腦的不同區域內對音樂和語言進行加工處理，科學證據也證實了這一點。
有時，受過腦損傷的人會喪失他們處理語言的能力。但是，他們不會自動地丟失音樂才能。比如，維沙翁·舍巴林，一位蘇聯作曲家，在1953 年得了中風。他的大腦的左半邊受到損害，他再也不能說話或是理解別人的話，但是他仍然能夠譜曲，直到十年後他離開人世。另一方面，中風有時會使人們喪失音樂能力，但是他們仍然能夠說話也能聽懂別人的話。這就說明大腦是分別加了處理音樂和語言的。
通過研究音樂在人身體上的物理效應，科學家也了解到許多關於音樂是如何影響情感的。但是，為什麼音樂對我們有如此強烈的影響?這是一個更難回答的問題。倫敦大學學院的研究員傑弗里·米勒認為音樂和愛有緊密的關，音樂需要特殊才能、練習和體能。這也許是一種方式讓你展示你適合做某人的伴侶。比如，按調唱歌或者彈奏樂器需要有很好的肌肉控制力。你也需要有好的記憶力來記住音符。能正確地演奏或者唱出這些音符也證明你的聽力也非常好。所以，當一個男人唱給他心愛的女人時(反之亦然) 音樂就可能成為一種展示的方式。
然而，米勒的理論仍然不能解釋為什麼聲音的特定結合可以深深地影響我們的情感。對於科學家來說，這顯然是一個需要深入研究的領域。
㈥ 英語閱讀理解
彼得是一個工人在工廠里他每天都努力工作. 但他並沒有賺到錢開始然而,他確信他會肉慾」越來越多的. 過了一段時間後,工廠變得越來越大,彼得賺了一大筆錢他停在廠里工作。他開了一家小店的城鎮和出售貨物不久,他已經賺更多的錢他能買得起一餐廳因為餐廳因為餐廳是唯一一個在那個小鎮,彼得的生意非常很好的。
後來發現這本日記彼得會賺更多的錢,所以他賣掉他的商店,買了一本日記日記使他越來越豐富彼得設置一夜旅館很快他便成了最富有的人之一。
1。彼得是個工人,他贏得了_ _____金錢。
一位很多B.much C.little D.few
2。彼得的餐館很好因為_____。
他很擅長
他有足夠的錢
其他rastaurant C.there不再有了
腦中浮現同一人物的人們愛他最好的
3。後來彼得發現_____。
他有足夠的錢,可以休息一下
他想喝牛奶。非常謝謝你
他的日記會獲得一個比一個商店
他的日記會賺更多瞥掙的錢比一家餐廳
4。彼得越來越豐富,因為_____。
商店在飯店餐廳太陽會後整宿的日記
5。從這段話我們知道彼得是個_____。
在這個城市B.richest A.famous人住在城市
C.clever和勤勞的人D.clever但是懶惰的人
㈦ 翻譯關於比爾蓋茨的一篇英語閱讀。
比爾蓋茨是微軟的軟體公司和世界上最富有的人之一。他出生於1955年10月28日,他和兩個姐妹一起在西雅圖長大。他是一個非常聰明的男孩。科學和數學是他最喜歡的兩個科目在學校。他夢想成為一名科學家。
比爾開始玩電腦13歲。當時,電腦是一個非常大的機器。一旦他感興趣的是一個非常古老的電腦。他和他的一些朋友花盡可能多的時間在電腦上。最後,他們想出了一個軟體程序。比爾把它賣了4200美元時,他只有17歲。
1973年,比爾去了哈佛大學。1975年,比爾和他的合作夥伴開發稱為基本的軟體程序。這不是第一次創建的項目,但它的發明者是第一個決定,那些想要使用它應該為此付出代價。基本是成功的。然後比爾離開哈佛為微軟工作,公司在1975年他開始與他的童年朋友保羅•艾倫(Paul Allen)。他們認為電腦將很快進入每一個辦公室和家裡。所以他們開始為個人電腦開發軟體。他們改進了軟體,使人們使用計算機更容易。經過多年的辛勤工作,微軟成為最成功的公司之一。和比爾蓋茨也成為世界上最富有的商人之一。
㈧ 高一外研英語周報33答案 ，要閱讀講解
高一英語下學期期中階段檢測參考答案及部分解析
參考答案
1-5 ABBCC 6-10ACABC
11-15 CBACA 16-20BCBCA 21-25 BACCB 26-30 DCADC
31-35 CBBCD 36-40AFBEG
41-45 CCABC 46-50BDBBA 51-55 DDCCC 56-60 BBACD
61. thoughts 62.are
63. what 64. be replaced
65. Interesting 66.of
67. The 68. completely
69. disappear 70.working
短文改錯：
71. ... what would you ... what → who
72. ... we don't see her ... we → I
73. ... always here ... here → there
74. ... so we can't. so → but
75. ... a newly life. newly → new
76. Lucky, it's very cheap ...
Lucky → Luckily
77. ... each other on phone ...
phone前加the
78. ... come and stayed ... stayed → stay
79. ... take her for holiday. for → on
80. ... suggest to going ... 去掉to
One possible version:
From the picture we can see that a man iswashing his mother's feet, and his son is watching nearby. As we know, parentsare the first teachers of their children, so they have a great influence onthem.
However, nowadays many people don't takegood care of their elderly parents. They don't visit them regularly and showlittle concern about them. It is clear that they don't set a good example fortheir children.
It is the Chinese tradition to respect andtake care of the old. In my opinion, everyone has a responsibility to keep thattradition alive. So parents should pay attention to their own behavior becausethey are role models for their children.
部分解析
閱讀理解：
A 篇 (家庭)
本文是記敘文。作者的兒子上大學後，他感到很寂寞。
21. B。推理判斷題。根據第一、二段的描述可知，作者以前不想要孩子，認為孩子很多行為莫名其妙、不可理喻，只能給人帶來麻煩。
22. A。推理判斷題。根據第二段作者描述青少年時期的孩子they seemed to lose their minds，以及第四段作者描述他兒子到了青少年時期，覺得他處處不對可知，作者的兒子在這個時期很叛逆，總以自我為中心。
23. C。推理判斷題。根據第五段的I miss him ... Even the dog misses him和最後一段的I guess I know how he feels可知，作者描寫狗的感受是用來襯托自己的心情。
24. C。標題歸納題。作者在文中主要描寫對兒子的思念之情。兒子上大學走了，留給作者的是無盡的思念，家也因為兒子的缺席而變得空空盪盪。文中的I am not alone in this sadness in this empty house點題，故C項標題貼切。
B 篇 (文娛)
本文是應用文。文章是對古典音樂小提琴手詹妮弗的介紹。
25. B。推理判斷題。五歲的詹妮弗一點都不懼怕小提琴，有多年教學經驗的父親意識到女兒的與眾不同。再根據詹妮弗十二歲就獲得青年音樂家的稱號可知，詹妮弗是個天生的小提琴手。
26. D。推理判斷題。獲獎後的詹妮弗覺得自己是在做夢，但下一分鍾又清醒，由此可知對獲得比賽桂冠，她感到很驚訝。
27. C。細節理解題。根據文中的her mother and I think she should spend more time in school可知，詹妮弗的父母希望成名後的她能在學業上多花時間。
C篇 (文學)
本文是夾敘夾議文。文章是一本關於青少年成長的小說的介紹及評論。
28. A。細節理解題。根據第一段的Turning 13 can be painful，第二段的These worries form the basis of Soto's latest book以及下文對《寬恕少年黑猩猩》的內容介紹可知，這部小說描述的是青少年成長中的煩惱。
29. D。推理判斷題。根據第四段的It gets worse ... 可知，兩位13歲的青少年面對自己突如其來的相貌變化感到擔心和不安。
30. C。詞義猜測題。根據上文的Joey climbs up a tree and hides himself there和下文的It was an escape from the world可知，悲傷的Joey躲在樹上不下來是為了逃避，而Soto小時候也這么做過，因此一個遠離悲傷的地方對青少年具有很大的吸引力。
31. C。推理判斷題。根據最後兩段的評論Ronnie ... must do everything in his power to return him to hisfun-loving spirit. That's what a friend does. ... All you need is a loyalfriend who will stick by you可知，Soto的最新力作告訴我們患難之中見真情的道理。
D篇 (健康)
本文是說明文。文章介紹了科學家對人類睡眠情況的探索及研究。
32. B。段落大意題。第一段介紹了美國人的平均睡眠時間從1910年的9小時縮短到1975年的7.5小時，再到2005年的6.9小時，由此可知美國人睡眠時間越來越少。
33. B。推理判斷題。根據第二段Norman Stanley說的Some people need as many as 11 hours, but others need as few asthree可知，他認為每個人對睡眠時間的需求不同。
34. C。細節理解題。根據第三段可知，葯物CX717可使實驗室的猴子興奮長達36小時，因此使用過此葯物的猴子精力充沛。
35. D。推理判斷題。最後一段作者指出睡眠少可以帶給人們諸多好處，由此可知，他支持科學家在使人們保持長時間清醒方面的研究。
七選五：
話題：日常活動
本文是說明文。文章介紹了幾條關於成功演講的秘訣。
36. A。根據下一句的do your best to know your subject matter可知，演講前要對演講主題進行研究。
37. F。F項與上文的anintroction, the body of the speech和the conclusion相呼應。
38. B。根據下一句的any jokes可知，演講時可以適當使用幽默。
39. E。說聽眾想聽的話、提高說話聲音、適當停頓以使聽眾思考以及肢體語言的運用都是表演出來的。故E項中的actor符合這種特徵。
40. G。與聽眾的互動及在聽眾面前表演的技巧需要鍛煉，故選G項。
完形填空：
話題：體育
本文是說明文。文章介紹了山地車運動的起源。
41. C。「想法（idea）」指代上文的thinkof riding bikes in the mountains。
42. C。人們在大路上騎自行車是稀鬆平常的事，故選always。
43. A。44. B。根據上文的riding和文中的Why not的反問可知，一些騎自行車的人「想到（thought about）」為什麼不能在附近的山裡「騎車（bike）」。bike此處用作動詞。
45. C。現有的自行車不夠結實是「問題（problem）」所在。
46. B。47. D。根據下文對自行車的要求widetires和higher offthe ground可知，對於「越野（off-road）」騎行運動，車手需要「更結實的（stronger）」自行車。
48. B。49. B。根據下文的Thecyclists found ... second-hand markets可知，商店裡不「賣（sell）」山地自行車，因此車手們自己「設計（designed）」他們需要的自行車。
50. A。根據下文的once been popular和cleaned them up可知，二手車市場買到的是「舊的（old）」自行車。
51. D。在商店裡買不到山地自行車，車手們在二手市場里「尋找（searching）」。
52. D。更換結實的車把和耐用的輪胎都是對自行車的「改進（improvements）」。
53. C。根據下文自行車愛好者學習騎車技巧可知，山地自行車運動「傳播開來（spread）」。
54. C。騎著自行車跳躍石頭等障礙是需要技巧的「移動（moves）」。
55. C。上文提到車手們會在很短的時間內騎下山，此處與之形成對比：有時，車手們也會不慌不忙地騎行，來欣賞沿途的風景。take it easy從容不迫，不慌不忙。
56. B。穿戴安全設備是為了「防止（prevent）」受傷。
57. B。根據第一段的The first mountain bikers were from Colorado ... 可知，科羅拉多州的山地自行車愛好者「舉辦（held）」了Fat Tire Festival，這開啟了山地自行車運動。
58. A。根據下文的the companies began procing them in large numbers可知，生產自行車的公司認為山地車運動一定會「流行（popular）」起來。
59. C。大量山地自行車的生產使得其成為美國「最暢銷的（best-selling）」自行車。
60. D。本句是一種假設，說明山地自行車的舒適度。「即使（even if）」在大路上騎山地自行車也會很舒適、很有趣。
語法填空：
61. thoughts。考查名詞。由設空處前的your可知，此處填名詞thoughts（想法）。
62. are。考查主謂一致。There be結構中謂語的數遵循就近原則，trends為復數，故填are。
63. what。考查連接詞。設空處引導定語從句，且在從句中作賓語，故填what。
64. be replaced。考查語態。working in an office與replace之間是被動關系，故填be replaced。
65. Interesting。考查形容詞。設空處表示「有趣的」，故填Interesting。
66. of。考查介詞。because of是固定搭配，意為「因為」。
67. The。考查冠詞。fact在此處表特指，故填The。
68. completely。考查副詞。設空處作狀語，修飾動詞agree，故填completely。
69. disappear。考查動詞。根據下文語境可知，此處表達的意思為「我認為朝九晚五的工作日將消失」。
70. working。考查非謂語動詞。look forward to意為「盼望」，其中to為介詞，後跟動詞-ing形式作賓語。
[選做題參考答案及解析]
參考答案
I. 1-5 ADACD
II. 1-5 CBBAC 6-10CADDB
11-15 ADBAC 16-20 ACBBD
解析
閱讀理解：
話題：節假日活動
本文是說明文。文章介紹了印度的排燈節。
1. A。細節理解題。根據第二段的Diwali has been celebrated in India for hundreds of years可知，印度的排燈節有著悠久的歷史。
2. D。段落大意題。印度教信徒在排燈節點亮的燈是為了慶祝光明戰勝黑暗、正義戰勝邪惡。排燈節還是印度的新年，印度各個教派的信徒都慶祝這個重要的節日。由此可知，第三段主要是關於排燈節含義的介紹。
3. A。細節理解題。根據第五段的sweets and gifts are also a big part of Diwali和exchange presents可知，排燈節除了是印度重要的宗教節日外，人們在這個節日還相互贈送禮物。
4. C。推理判斷題。印度的排燈節是家人和朋友相聚祈福並交換禮物的節日。根據奧巴馬說的I was proud to host the first Diwali celebration可推測，奧巴馬和米歇爾在孟買排燈節期間應該是度過了一段美好的時光。
5. D。寫作目的題。本文主要介紹了印度排燈節的由來、慶祝方式以及世界其他地方人們慶祝該節日的情況。
完形填空：
話題：自然
本文是議論文。文章論述了給寵物狗穿衣服的問題。
1. C。根據but一詞的轉折可知，許多公司已經在「生產（procing）」寵物服裝。
2. B。根據下文的the sweater can help keep ...可知，有些狗是有「必要（necessary）」穿毛衫的。
3. B。根據下文的shorthaired or hairless dogs可知，沒有「濃密（thick）」毛發的狗很容易感覺到冷。
4. A。根據上文的get cold可知，毛衫可以讓狗保「暖（warm）」。
5. C。根據上文毛衫帶給狗的好處可知，小狗和短毛或沒有毛的狗是最「需要（need）」毛衫的。
6. C。有些狗需要毛衫是因為它們沒有應對低溫的「能力（ability）」。
7. A。對於小狗和短毛狗的主人來說，給狗買禦寒的毛衫是「不錯的（good）」主意。
8. D。此處的protection指為讓狗禦寒而「穿（wear）」的毛衫。
9. D。根據下文的most don't need the extra protection可知，獸醫並不「建議（suggest）」給長毛狗穿毛衫。下一段的are also suggested也是提示。
10. B。根據下文的low temperatures可知。
11. A。大多數的狗不需要穿毛衫是因為它們生來就能在低溫中「生存（survive）」。
12. D。本段建議生活在零下十八度以下地區的狗應該穿「毛衫（Sweaters）」。
13. B。14. A。根據下文提及毛衫給動物帶來的好處可知，對那些長期在「戶外（outdoors）」行走的狗來說，穿衣服顯得尤其「重要（important）」。
15. C。根據本句的end at the tail以及下文說長衣服的麻煩之處可知，最好的狗狗毛衫應該是「包住（cover）」胸、露出尾巴。
16. A。17. C。根據文中的manydogs will dislike them可知，狗穿太長的衣服很「難受（harder）」，因為它們不能「正常地（normally）」活動。
18. B。根據上文建議寵物主人給狗穿柔軟、舒服的衣服可知，住在雪多的地方的寵物主人應該給狗「找尋（find）」可以防止水滲入的衣服。
19. B。20. D。根據上文對狗所穿衣服材質的推薦可知，在決定給自己的「動物（animal）」穿合適的衣服「之前（before）」，寵物主人應該做一些研究。
㈨ 2019年英語六級閱讀理解試題庫及答案(11-12)
2019年英語六級閱讀理解裂飢試題庫及答案(11)
In the 1962 movie Lawrence of Arabia, one scene shows an American newspaper reporter eagerly snapping photos of men looting a sabotaged train. One of the looters, Chief Auda abu Tayi of the Howeitat clan, suddenly notices the camera and snatches it. "Am I in this?"賀謹 he asks, before smashing it open. To the dismayed reporter, Lawrence explains, "He thinks these things will steal his virtue. He thinks you're a kind of thief."
As soon as colonizers and explorers began taking cameras into distant lands, stories began circulating about how indigenous peoples saw them as tools for black magic. The "ignorant natives" may have had a point. When photography first became available, scientists welcomed it as a more objective way of recording faraway societies than early travelers' exaggerated accounts. But in some ways, anthropological photographs reveal more about the culture that holds the camera than the one that stares back. Up into the 1950s and 1960s, many ethnographers sought "pure" pictures of "primitive" cultures, routinely deleting modern accoutrements such as clocks and Western dress. They paid men and women to re-enact rituals or to pose as members of war or hunting parties, often with little regard for veracity. Edward Curtis, the legendary photographer of North American Indians, for example, got one Makah man to pose as a whaler with a spear in 1915--even though the Makah had not hunted whales in a generation.
These photographs reinforced widely accepted stereotypes that indigenous cultures were isolated, primitive, and unchanging. For instance, National Geographic magazine'肆拍返s photographs have taught millions of Americans about other cultures. As Catherine Lutz and Jane Collins point out in their 1993 book Reading National Geographic, the magazine since its founding in 1888 has kept a tradition of presenting beautiful photos that don't challenge white, middle-class American conventions. While dark-skinned women can be shown without tops, for example, white women's breasts are taboo. Photos that could unsettle or disturb, such as areas of the world torn asunder by war or famine, are discarded in favor of those that reassure, to conform with the society's stated pledge to present only "kindly" visions of foreign societies. The result, Lutz and Collins say, is the depiction of "an idealized and exotic world relatively free of pain or class conflict."
Lutz actually likes National Geographic a lot. She read the magazine as a child, and its lush imagery influenced her eventual choice of anthropology as a career. She just thinks that as people look at the photographs of other cultures, they should be alert to the choice of composition and images.
練習題
1. The main idea of the passage is ______________.
[A] Photographs taken by Western explorers reflect more Westerners』 perception of the indigenous cultures and the Western values.
[B] There is a complicated relationship between the Western explorers and the primitive peoples.
[C] Popular magazines such as National Geographic should show pictures of the exotic and idealized worlds to maintain high sales.
[D] Anthropologists ask the natives to pose for their pictures, compromising the truthfulness of their pictures.
2. We can infer from the passage that early travelers to the native lands often _________.
[A] took pictures with the natives
[B] gave exaggerated accounts of the native lands
[C] ask for pictures from the natives
[D] gave the natives clocks and Western dresses
3. The author mentions the movie Lawrence of Arabia to ___________.
[A] show how people in the indigenous societies are portrayed by Westerners.
[B] illustrate how people from primitive societies see cameras as tools of black magic that steal their virtues.
[C] show how anthropologists portray untruthful pictures of native people.
[D] show the cruel and barbarian side of the native people.
4. 「But in some ways, anthropological photographs reveal more about the culture that holds the camera than the one that stares back.」 In this sentence, the 「one [culture] that stares back」 refers to _______.
[A] the indigenous culture
[B] the Western culture
[C] the academic culture
[D] the news business culture
5. With which of the following statements would Cat
herine Lutz most probably agree?
[A] Reporters from the Western societies should routinely delete modern elements in pictures taken of the indigenous societies.
[B] The primitive cultures are inferior to the more advanced Western culture.
[C] The western media are not presenting a realistic picture of the faraway societies.
[D] People in the Western news business should try not to challenge the well-established white middle-class values.
答案及解析
1. 答案是[A] Photographs taken by Western explorers reflect more Westerners』 perception of the indigenous cultures and the Western values.
解析：本文的主題是，西方的媒體，為了迎合西方讀者獵奇的心理，同時，為了不與西方讀者的中產階級價值觀發生沖突，在他們拍攝的照片中，並不是真正客觀公正地反映經濟發展水平較為落後的社會中人們的生活。他們經常有意刪除照片中反映西方文明烙印的成分，甚至擺布照片中的主人公，以描繪出一個西方讀者想像中的，經濟不發達的，有異域風情的，沒有痛苦和階級斗爭的經濟落後社會的畫面。他們甚至避免刊登那些反映飢荒，戰爭，災害的照片，以滿足西方媒體「只刊登外國社會美好一面的照片」的默契。
2. 答案是[B] gave exaggerated accounts of the native lands
解析：文章第二段說，When photography first became available, scientists welcomed it as a more objective way of recording faraway societies than early travelers' exaggerated accounts.可見早期到原始社會旅行回來的人往往對當地的情況誇大其詞。在照相機發明之後，科學家能更好地客觀反映那些遠方地區的真實情況。
3. 答案是[B] illustrate how people from primitive societies see cameras as tools of black magic that steal their virtues.
解析：文章的第一段介紹的是著名的1962年獲得7項奧斯卡大獎的電影《阿拉伯的勞倫斯》(導演：DAVID LEAN)中的一個片段。該電影本來與作者要講的題目並無直接關系。作者僅僅通過一個電影中描述的場景來說明一個論點。那就是比較原始，開化較晚的社會，那裡的人們對現代的文明，和從沒見過的現代文明的產物容易產生誤解。電影中的土著搶走了LAWRENCE的照相機，因為他懷疑，那從未見過的玩意兒會偷走他的「美好品德(VIRTUE)」。但是，作者在下文說，那些土著居民的擔心並非全無道理。因為西方的記者和學者們，為了描繪一個西方人心目中固有的土著社會(或者經濟發展欠發達社會)的形象，故意篡改照片，滿足西方讀者的好奇心，並且有意迎合西方中產階級的趣味。在短文中，作者有時候並不開宗明義，直奔主題，而是利用人們都熟悉的文化元素，例如詩歌，書籍，電影，歌曲等，引起讀者對其討論話題的興趣，然後再引入主題。並不是每一篇文章都會開門見山，讀者不應該把每篇文章的首尾句都當成對文章大意的總結。
4. 答案是[A] the indigenous culture
解析：But in some ways, anthropological photographs reveal more about the culture that holds the camera than the one that stares back.本句是文章切入主題的重點句。考生應該格外注意在閱讀文章靠前部分出現的，以轉折詞(例如，HOWEVER， BUT，NEVERTHELESS， NONETHELESS等)開頭的句子。那往往是作者敘述傳統論點，或者普遍看法的關鍵地方。本句可以理解為：但是，在某些方面，人類學家拍攝的照片展現的與其說是那個盯視著照相機的(被拍攝的)文化，不如說是反映了拿著照相機的(西方)文化。作者暗示，照片反映了西方攝影者的偏見和對落後文化固有的看法，反映的是西方的價值觀，並不是完全真實客觀的那些不發達社會的寫照。這句話基本上是對文章中心意思的總結。如果對文章的主題有大致的認識，就不會將本題選錯。
5. 答案是[C] The western media are not presenting a realistic picture of the faraway societies.
解析：Catherine Lutz是文章中提到的1993年出版的READING NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC的作者之一。她們在書中寫道，《國家地理》雜志自從1888年創刊以來，就一直刊登那些不和美國中產階級白人的價值觀發生沖突的照片。照片中可以表現袒露胸部的黑色皮膚的婦女，但是白人婦女的胸部就是禁止刊登的對象。她們認為，這樣做的後果就是，在那些西方主流雜志中展現的，似乎是相對而言沒有痛苦的，也不存在階級斗爭的社會。因此答案C The western media are not presenting a realistic picture of the faraway societies(西方媒體並沒有展現落後地區的真實畫面)最能表現該作者的觀點。
2019年英語六級閱讀理解試題庫及答案(12)
The British Medical Journal recently featured a strong response to what was judged an inappropriately lenient reaction by a medical school to a student cheating in an examination. Although we have insufficient reliable data about the extent of this phenomenon, its prevention, or its effective management, much can be concluded and acted upon on the basis of common sense and concepts with face validity.
There is general agreement that there should be zero tolerance of cheating in a profession based on trust and one on which human lives depend. It is reasonable to assume that cheaters in medical school will be more likely than others to continue to act dishonestly with patients, colleagues, insurers, and government.
The behaviours under question are multifactorial in origin. There are familial, religious, and cultural values that are acquired long before medical school. For example, countries, cultures, and subcultures exist where bribes and dishonest behaviour are almost a norm. There are secondary schools in which neither staff nor students tolerate cheating and others where cheating is rampant; there are homes which imbue young people with high standards of ethical behaviour and others which leave ethical training to the harmful influence of television and the market place.
Medical schools reflect society and cannot be expected to remedy all the ills of a society. The selection proce
ss of medical students might be expected to favour candidates with integrity and positive ethical behaviour—if one had a reliable method for detecting such characteristics in advance. Medical schools should be the major focus of attention for imbuing future doctors with integrity and ethical sensitivity. Unfortunately there are troubling, if inconclusive, data that suggest that ring medical school the ethical behaviour of medical students does not necessarily improve; indeed, moral development may actually stop or even regress.
The creation of a pervasive institutional culture of integrity is essential. It is critical that the academic and clinical leaders of the institution set a personal example of integrity. Medical schools must make their institutional position and their expectations of students absolutely clear from day one. The development of a school's culture of integrity requires a partnership with the students in which they play an active role in its creation and nurturing. Moreover, the school's examination system and general treatment of students must be perceived as fair. Finally, the treatment of infractions must be firm, fair, transparent, and consistent.
練習題
1. What does the author say about cheating in medical schools?
[A] Extensive research has been done about this phenomenon.
[B] We have sufficient data to prove that prevention is feasible.
[C] We are safe to conclude that this phenomenon exists on a grand scale.
[D] Reliable data about the extent, prevention and management of the phenomenon is lacking.
2. According to the author, it is important to prevent cheating in medical schools because ____________.
[A] The medical profession is based on trust.
[B] There is zero tolerance of cheating in medicine.
[C] The medical profession depends on the government.
[D] Cheating exists extensively in medical schools.
3. What does the author say about the cause(s) of cheating?
[A] Family, culture and society play an active part.
[B] Bad school environment is the leading cause of student cheating.
[C] Parents are always to blame for their children』s cheating behaviour.
[D] Cheating exists primarily because students learn bad things from TV.
4. According to the author, what precautions should medical schools take to prevent students from cheating?
[A] Medical schools should establish a firm moral standard to weed out applicants with low integrity.
[B] Medical schools should make efforts to remedy the ills of a society.
[C] Medical schools should teach future doctors integrity and ethical values.
[D] There is nothing medical schools can do to improve the ethical behaviour of their students.
5. The author will probably agree with which of the following statements?
[A] Medical schools should make exams easier for the students to alleviate the fierce competition.
[B] Prominent figures in the medical institution should create a set of moral standards to be applied in medical schools.
[C] Medical students should play an active role in the creation and preservation of a culture of integrity.
[D] Those students who cheat in the exams should be instantly expelled from school.
答案及解析
1. 答案是[D] Reliable data about the extent, prevention and management of the phenomenon is lacking.
解析：文章第一段說，Although we have insufficient reliable data about the extent of this phenomenon, its prevention, or its effective management, much can be concluded and acted upon on the basis of common sense and concepts with face validity.可見，到目前為止，我們還不很了解醫學院作弊現象的嚴重程度，也不甚明了如何對該類現象進行預防和管理。既然目前所掌握的DATA是insufficient(不充足的)，那麼[A][B][C]所說的都不符合文章的原意，故均為錯誤選項。只有[D]的敘述正確。
2. 答案是[A] The medical profession is based on trust.
解析：作者在第二段說，人們一致認為，醫學的基礎就是誠信。在醫學院就作弊的學生通常比其他人更容易做出欺騙病人，同事，和政府的事情。因此，醫學以誠信為本的性質就決定了， 對醫學院的作弊行為應該堅決打擊。[B]項說的是打擊作弊行為的結果，而不是原因。[C]醫學依靠政府，[D]醫學院中作弊行為普遍存在，都不符合文章內容。
3. 答案是[A] Family, culture and society play an active part.
解析：[A]的內容符合文章的原意。作者在討論作弊現象的根源時，結論是，作弊現象存在，原因是多方面的。學生在上醫學院之前受到的家庭，社會和文化的熏陶在很大程度上決定他們是否會在考試中作弊。也就是選項[A]的內容。[B][C][D]的說法雖然都有道理，但是都過於絕對。學校的環境，家長的教育，電視的影響，雖然都起一定作用，但是都不能說是決定性的。Leading，always，primarily之類的用詞決定了它們都不是最佳選項。
4. 答案是[C] Medical schools should teach future doctors integrity and ethical values.
解析：[A]「醫學院應該確立明確道德標准，淘汰道德素質低下的申請者」是錯誤選項。因為文章談到如何甄別申請醫學院學生的道德素質的時候，作者用的是虛擬語氣have的過去式had(if one had a reliable method for detecting such characteristics in advance)：如果能有可靠的標准，能預先了解學生的道德水平，醫學院在錄取的時候應該照顧那些恪守道德准則的學生。可見目前並沒有這樣的標准可循。[B] Medical schools should make efforts to remedy the ills of a society.和文章的內容相反。因為文章明確地說Medical schools...cannot be expected to remedy all the ills of a society.[C]項錯，因為文章的本意是，醫學院的學生在學期間，道德素質不僅不會提高，而且可能下降(regress)。但是作者並沒有說，醫學院在提高學生素質方面無計可施，而是敦促學校採取相應措施，imbuing future doctors with integrity and ethical sensitivity，(增強未來的醫師們的道德感)。
5. 答案是[C] Medical students should play an active role in the creation and preservation of a culture of integrity.
解析：[C]項和文章最後一段的The development of a school's culture of integrity requires a partnership with the students in which they play an active role in its creation and nurturing相呼應。[A]錯，因為作者沒有建議醫(轉載自中國教育文摘http://www.edUzhai.net，請保留此標記。)學院應該降低考試難度。[B]的敘述不準確，因為作者的本意是醫學界的要人應該樹立楷模，而不是讓他們設定一套人人遵循的行規。[D]錯，作者僅提議醫學院對有違反道德准則學生的處罰應該是堅決，公正，透明和統一的。作者並沒有明確倡議一旦有作弊行為就將其開除出校。
㈩ 初三英語閱讀理解材料及答案
初三英語閱讀理解材料及答案
初三是中考英語的最後復習和沖刺階段，為了幫助大家在初三備考中考英語，我整理了一些英語閱讀理解，希望能對大家有所幫助!
英語閱讀理解【1】
Some people may think too much sunlight can lead to cancer, so they always keep themselves away from sunlight. But experts believe that proper exposure(暴露) to sunlight is good for us.
For example, scientists think sunlight can help stop some diseases. They say that wearing sunscreen(防曬油) all the time makes the body short of vitamin D.
Vitamin D in fact stops us from more than 25 diseases and keeps bones and teeth healthy. However, around 60% of the population are short of vitamin D in their blood. One of the easiest ways to get it is to expose your skin to sunlight. Your body makes vitamin D from the sun faster than it takes in from food. What’s more, safely getting enough sunlight can make you look younger.
However, not everybody likes sunlight. Some people should not be exposed to the sun without a strong sun protection. Experts advise that just ten minutes of daily exposure to sunlight should be enough to give us vitamin D we need.
1. What does the passage mainly tell us?
A. Don’t expose to the sun.
B. Proper exposure to sunlight is good for our health.
C. We should stay in the sun as long as possible.
D. We can get vitamin D from food.
2. What will happen if we don’t get enough sunlight for a long time?
A. We will keep away from cancer.
B. We will get many diseases.
C. Our body will be short of vitamin D.
D. We will have more vitamin D in our blood.
3. The proper sunshine can keep our ________ healthy.
A. eyes and skin B. bones and teeth
C. ears and blood D. bones and eyes
4. The underlined phrase “take in” in the passage means “” in Chinese.
A. 吸收 B. 佔用 C. 分享 D. 拿進來
5. Which is NOT true according to the passage?
A. Scientists think our skin can get vitamin D from sunlight.
B. Most people have enough vitamin D in their blood.
C. Ten minutes of exposure to sunlight every day is enough for us to get vitamin D.
D. Our body gets vitamin D faster from the sun than from food.
參考答案：1.B 2.C 3.B 4.A 5.B
英語閱讀理解【2】
Perhaps you have heard a lot about the Internet, but what is it, do you know? The Internet is a network. It uses the telephone to join millions of computers together around the world.
Maybe that doesn’t sound very interesting. But when you’ve joined to the Internet, there are lots and lots of things you can do. You can send E-mails to your friends, and they can get them in a few seconds. You can also do with all kinds of information on the World Wide Web (WWW).
There are many different kinds of computers now. They all can be joined to the Internet. Most of them are small machines sitting on people’s desks at home, but there are still many others in schools, offices or large companies. These computers are owned by people and companies, but no one really owns the Internet itself.
There are lots of places for you to go into the Internet. For example, your school may have the Internet. You can use it ring lessons or free time. Libraries often have computers joined to the Internet. You are welcome to use it at only time.
Thanks to the Internet, the world is becoming smaller and smaller. It is possible for you to work at home with a computer in front, getting and sending the information you need. You can buy or sell whatever you want by the Internet. But do you know 98% of the information on the Internet is in English? So what will English be like tomorrow?
1. What is the passage mainly about?
A. Internet. B. Information.
C. Computers. D. E-mails.
2. Which is the quickest and cheapest way to send messages to your friends?
A. By post. B. By E-mail.
C. By telephone. D. By satellite.
3. Which may be the most possible place for people to work in tomorrow?
A. In the office. B. At school.
C. At home. D. In the company.
4. Whose the owner of the Internet?
A. The headmaster. B. The officer.
C. The user. D. No one.
5. What does the writer try to tell us with the last two sentences?
A. English is important in using the Internet.
B. the Internet is more and more popular.
C. Most of the information is in English.
D. Every computer must have the Internet.
參考答案：這是一篇關於 Internet 的說明文，它介紹了什麼是Internet，Internet 的用途，它的貢獻等等。
1. A。主旨題。文章的`每一段都談到了 Internet，所以我們可以推斷文章的主要內容是 Internet。
2. B。細節題。在第2段中談到 You can send E-mail to your friends, and they can get them in a few seconds，相比其他選項，E-mail 當然是最快的。
3. C。細節題。最後一段的第2句講到 It’s possible for you to work at home with a computer in front，所以明天我們極有可能 at home 工作了。
4. D。判斷題。根據全文我們得知，我們可以在 school, libraries, home 等地方使用 Internet，所有的擁有者是大家，並不是某一個人或某一行業的從業者。
5. A。推斷題。最後兩句告訴我們：98% of the information on the Internet is in English，也就是說英語在 Internet的應用是非常廣泛，非常重要的，除 A 選項外，沒有一個選項能全部概括這句話的意思。
英語閱讀理解【3】
If you do not use your arm or your legs for some time, they become weak; when you start using them again, they slowly become strong again. Everybody knows that. Yet many people do not seem to know that memory works in the same way. When someone says that he has a good memory, he really means that he keeps his memory in practice by using it. When someone else says that his memory is poor, he really means that he does not give it enough chance to become strong. If a friend says that his arms and legs are weak, we know that it is his own fault(過錯). But if he tells us that he has a poor memory, many of us think that his parents are to blame(受責備), and few of us know that it is just his own fault. Have you ever found that some people can’t read or write but usually they have better memories? This is because they cannot read or write and they have to remember things; they cannot write down in a little notebook. They have to remember days, names, songs and stories; so their memory is the whole time being exercised. So if you want to have a good memory, learn from the people: Practice remembering.
1. The main reason for one is poor memory is that _______.
A. his father or mother may have a poor memory
B. He does not use his name or legs for some time
C. his memory is not often used
D. he can’t read or write
2. If you do not use your arms or legs for some time _______.
A. you can’t use them any more
B. they will become stronger
C. they become weak and won’t become strong until you use them again.
D. they will become neither stronger nor weaker
3. Which of the following is NOT true?
A. Your memory works in the same way as your arms or legs.
B. Your memory, like your arms or legs, becomes weak if you don’t give it enough chance for practice.
C. Don’t learn how to read and write if you want to have a better memory.
D. A good memory comes from more practice.
4. Some people can’t read or write, but they usually have better memories, because _______.
A. they have save much trouble
B. they have saved much time to remember things
C. they have to use their memories all the time
D. they can’t write everything in a little notebook
5. Which is the best title for this passage?
A. Don’t Stop Using Your Arms Or Legs
B. How To Have a Good Memory
C. Strong Arms And Good Memories
D. Learn From the People
參考答案：1. C。推斷題。根據When someone says that he has a good memory, he really means that he keeps his memory in practice by using it 可推出答案為C。
2. C。根據 When you start using them again they slowly become strong again 可知答案為C。
3. C。根據文章內容，A、B、D項均正確，只有C項錯誤，所以選擇C。
4. C。根據 This is because they cannot read or write and they have to remember things 和 …so their memory is the whole time being exercised可知答案為C。
5. B。本文主要講記憶力不是天生的，而是靠後天培養的，所以應該選擇B。
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