說明文閱讀理解真題英語

1. 中考英語閱讀理解訓練題及答案解析

2017中考英語閱讀理解訓練題及答案解析

推斷題是英語閱讀理解的常見題型，吃透文章的表層意思，是推理的前提和基礎。下面是我分享的中考英語閱讀理解題，希望能對大家有所幫助!

中考英語閱讀理解【1】

You may know the English letters A, B and C. But do you know there are people called “ABC”? You may like eating bananas. But do you know there are people called “banana persons”? If you don’t know, I will tell you. They are Chinese people like you and me, but they aren’t in China.Why do people call them like that?

“ABC” means American-born Chinese. An “ABC” is a Chinese,

but was born in the United States. Sometimes, people also call them

“banana persons”. A banana is yellow outside and white inside. So when

a person is a banana, he or she is white (American) inside and yellow (Chinese)

outside.

They are born in America and they live in America for a long time. Even

their nationality(國籍) is American. So they think like Americans and do things

like Americans. But they still have Chinese blood(血). Their parents, grandparents

or even great-grandparents were from China. They all have black eyes and black hair.

So they look like us Chinese people. For example, we all know the famous scientist

C.N.Yang. He is an “ABC” and he is a “banana person”. We like him, although(雖然)

his nationality isn’t Chinese.

57.What does “ABC” mean?

A. American-born Chinese B. American-born Canadian

C. Australian-born Chinese D. Chinese-born Chinese

58.Why do people call an “ABC” a “banana person”?

A. They look like Americans but they think like Chinese.

B. They look like Chinese but they think like Americans.

C. They like to eat bananas.

D. They can speak “ABC” very well.

59.Why do ABCs think like Americans?

A. Because they live in America for a long time

B. Because they are born in America.

C. Because they want to be Americans.

D. Both A and B.

60.What colour are their eyes and hair?

A. Their eyes and hair are black.

B. Their eyes and hair are yellow.

C. Their eyes and hair are white.

D. Their eyes and hair are black and yellow.

61.Which person of the following is a “banana person”?

A. 楊利偉 B. 科比 C. 楊振寧 D. 姚明

中考英語閱讀理解【2】

Take a look at teenagers around, dressed in baggy-pants (寬松褲), drinking soft drinks such as coke, reading Japanese cartoons. Whether you are in Beijing, Wuhan or Hong Kong, you will get the same impression. But should we others or should we maintain (保留) our differences?

It sounds convenient that people around the world speak the same language, dress in the same style, eat the same food and play the same games. If the world was like this, you won’t feel strange in any corner of world. But just imagine living in such a strange world. How ll and colorless it would be!

Different kinds of food that people can taste, the colorful and fashionable clothes that we dress in and different languages we speak are all part of the different cultures that our ancestors left us. These differences represent their creativity (創造力) and talent. And we all enjoy different cultures in our daily lives. When you travel to other places, you want to see different things. When you talk to foreigners you expect to listen to interesting stories. These differences in culture are what make life colorful.

But the whole world is shrinking into a small village as globalization (全球化) takes effect and many different cultures are disappearing. In most big cities around the world people wear the same clothes. Fast food stores are everywhere. Hollywood movies are kicking traditional performing arts out of our lives. The colors of our life are disappearing.

There is joke that even the panda and zebra want to live a colorful life. So let’s take action to protect our colorful culture before it becomes as simple as black and white.

It’s not difficult. Learning some folk songs, trying on a traditional clothing and even eating local food instead of going to KFC can help. And we’re sure you will enjoy it.

【小題1】The passage is written to _______.

A. explain cultural differences B. convince readers to maintain cultural differences

C. predict the future of globalization D. show some cultural phenomena(現象)

【小題2】The author thinks that cultural differences _______.

A. make the world colorful B. make communication difficult

C. only exist in food and clothing D. will never fade away

【小題3】The author starts the argument by ________.

A. mentioning certain cultural phenomena

B. mentioning his view at the very beginning

C. mentioning the opposite view at the very beginning

D. giving examples of cultural differences

【小題4】The underlined word “shrink” probably means “_______”.

A. expand B. disappear C. become smaller D. grow in number

【小題5】The author talks of all the following cultural phenomena except _______.

A. food B. clothing C. language D. architecture

中考英語閱讀理解【3】

People use money to buy food, books and hundreds of other things they need. When they work, they usually get paid in money.

Most of the money used today is made of metal or paper. But in the time long ago, people used to use all kinds of things as money. One of the first kinds of money was shells.

In China, cloth and knives were used as money. Elephant tusks(牙), monkey tail and salt were used in some parts of the world. Rice was also a kind of money used by the people in some islands. Some animals were used as money, too.

The first copper coins were made in China. They were round and had a square hole in the center. Different countries have used different metals for their money. Later, some countries began to make coins of gold and silver(銀). But gold and silver were heavy to carry when people needed a lot of coins to buy something expensive. The Chinese were the

first to use paper money. The first paper money looked more like a note from one person to another than the paper money used today.

Money has had an interesting story from the days of shell money till today.

63.People usually use money .

A.to buy gold

B.to get something they want

C.to buy shells

D.to buy something expensive

64.Long, long ago people all over the world used as money.

A.the same metal

B.the same paper

C.the different metals

D.all kinds of things

65.In the past, the ancient Chinese used to have cloth and knives .

A.as a tool

B.as money

C.as a gift

D.as a kind of goods

66. was also a kind of money used by the people in some islands.

A.Gold

B.Animals

C.Rice

D.Knives

67.The first paper money .

A.looked like the same as the paper money used today

B.1ooked interesting

C.1ooked like a note

D.had a square hole in the center

答案解析

57.A

58.B

59.D

60.A

61.C

【解析】

試題分析：本文介紹了為什麼把美籍華人稱為“ABC”and “Banana Persons”

57.細節理解題，根據文中語句““ABC” means American-born Chinese.”理解可知。“ABC”指的是美籍華人，故選A。

58.細節理解題，根據文中語句“Even their nationality(國籍) is American. So they think like Americans and do things like Americans.”理解可知。他們的思想和做事風格是美國人，但血統是中國人，故選B。

59.細節理解題，根據文中語句“They are born in America and they live in America for a long time. Even their nationality(國籍) is American. So they think like Americans and do things

like Americans.”理解可知。因為他們出生在美國，生活在美國受到了教育也是美國式的教育，故選D。

60.細節理解題，根據文中語句“They all have black eyes and black hair.So they look like us Chinese people.”理解可知。他們的外貌特徵還是一個中國人，故眼睛和頭發都是黑色的，故選A。

61.細節理解題，根據文中語句“For example, we all know the famous scientist

C.N.Yang. He is an “ABC” and he is a “banana person”. We like him, although(雖然)

his nationality isn’t Chinese.”理解可知。楊振寧就是一個ABC人。故選C。

考點：記述文閱讀

點評：本文淺顯易懂，各個小題都能在文中找到適當依據。只要認真閱讀短文，注意前後聯系，就能順利完成閱讀。文章所設試題主要考察細節查找，做題關鍵是找出原文的根據，認真核查小題和原文的異同。

62.

【小題1】B

【小題2】A

【小題3】A

【小題4】C

【小題5】D

【解析】

試題分析：這篇短文主要討論了人們在飲食，服裝及語言方面的文化差異，告訴我們正是這些文化上的差異才讓我們的世界如此多姿多彩，因此我們要保持自己的文化特點。

【小題1】這篇短文主要討論了我們是該模仿他人還是保持自己的文化差異，並建議我們保持自己的文化差異。故選B。

【小題2】根據第二段These differences in culture are what make life colorful. 及本段描述，可知正是文化差異才讓我們的世界多姿多彩。故選A。

【小題3】根據短文第一段描述，可知作者首先列出了一些現象，繼而才提出問題，故選A。

【小題4】聯系下文into a small village as globalization (全球化)描述，可知此處指的是整個世界正在變小，故選C，變得更小。

【小題5】這篇短文主要討論了人們在飲食，服裝及語言方面的文化差異，沒有提及建築上的差異，故選D。

考點：關於文化差異的.議論文閱讀

點評：本文中長句較多，一時很難讀懂句子含義，注意多讀幾遍，不要強求非得理解一詞一句的含義，能把握文章大意就行。然後帶著問題閱讀短文，一般就能順利找出答題依據。對於不能直接找到根據的問題注意聯繫上下文，根據短文中心總結出正確答案。

63.B

64.D

65.B

66.C

67.C

【解析】

試題分析：這篇短文簡要的介紹了貨幣的發展歷史。

63.根據People use money to buy food, books and hundreds of other things they need. 可知選B

64.根據But in the time long ago, people used to use all kinds of things as money.可知選D

65.根據In China, cloth and knives were used as money. 可知選B

66.根據Rice was also a kind of money used by the people in some islands. 可知選C

67.根據The first paper money looked more like a note 可知選C

考點：關於貨幣的說明文閱讀

點評：本文淺顯易懂，層次分明，學生很容易把握文章中心內容。答題中注意帶著問題閱讀短文，一般就能順利找出答題依據。對於不能直接找到根據的問題注意聯繫上下文，根據短文中心總結出正確答案。

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2. 跪求中考英語經典閱讀150篇(2010版)答案

在網路上找《英語學科網》，裡面中考方面的輔導材料可多了。

3. 高考英語閱讀理解題型及解題技巧

高考英語閱讀理解題型及解題技巧如下：
1、題型分類：主旨大意題，答題技巧：閱讀理解文章多是議論文和說明文，這兩種文體的結構可歸納為：提出問題——論述問題——得出結論或者闡明觀點。對於這類文章，抓主題句是快速掌握文章大意的主要方法。
2、細節理解題，答題技巧：可直接找到相關細節，但需經過計算方可找到答案。
3、推理判斷題，答題技巧：推斷題是考查大家透過文章表面的文字信息進行分析、綜合、歸納等邏輯推理的能力。推理和判斷必須以事實為依據，切莫主觀臆斷。
4、詞義猜測題，答題技巧：通過因果關系猜詞通過因果關系猜詞。專業老師在線權威答疑 zy.offercoming.com

4. 高中英語閱讀理解題型

高中英語閱讀理解題型

閱讀理解是英語考試中的一個重點和難點。下面由我為大家帶來了高中英語閱讀理解題型解讀和解題技巧，一起來看看吧!

【高中閱讀理解題型解讀】

(一)閱讀是獲得更綜合、更復雜、更精確信息的必要手段，考生在做閱讀理解時，不僅要看懂文章的字面意思，還需要針對不同題材和體裁的篇目運用不同的方法作出正確的選擇。一般來說，詞彙、閱讀速度和理解能力是閱讀理解中三個最重要且有相互聯系的因素。

閱讀的方法可以使用以下幾種：

1.跳讀：就是快速的一步閱讀法。實際上是有選擇閱讀，找關鍵詞。用這種閱讀方法回答who、what、when、where之類的問題最為有效。

2.略讀：指比跳讀慢些的二步閱讀法。即泛泛地、粗略地快速閱讀，目的是了解大意，對文章有個總的概念。此種閱讀方法能回答why、how之類的問題。

3.精讀：即最細致、最慢的深層閱讀方法，目的是求得對所讀文章的全部意義的理解與掌握。

在使用閱讀技巧時盡量做到以下幾點：

1.帶著問題閱讀短文。

2.找出主題句、確定中心思想。

3.推斷單詞、句子和文章的含義。

4.盡快選擇答案。

(二)不同體裁文章的特點及解題技巧

1.記敘文

記敘文又可分傳記類和故事類。 傳記類文章在閱讀中時間是全文的關鍵，根據時間我們可以找到相關的事件，抓住文章的主要內容。故事類文章情節性較強，閱讀時要注意故事中的時間、地點、人物和發生的事件，這些都是文章中的主要內容和信息，對於准確理解文章十分重要。

2.說明文

說明文是對事物的形狀、性質、特徵、成果或功用等進行介紹，解釋或闡述的文章。把握所說明事物的特徵和本質是理解說明文的關鍵。說明事物特徵的方法很多，主要有定義法、解釋法、比較法、比喻法、數字法、圖表法、引用法和舉例法等。

數字說明文

在閱讀數字說明文時要特別注意文中數字的含義，從這些數字中可以找到文章的主要內容。 

解釋說明文

解釋說明文著重說明事物的本質、特徵和功用等。許多科普文章都屬於這一類。在閱讀這類文章時要學會解決what, how, why 等一類的問題。它們是文章的關鍵。如能帶著這些問題閱讀，將會更迅速抓住文章的主題。 

比較說明文 比較說明文是通過對比方法說明問題。在閱讀這類文章時要善於把握全篇陳述的基本傾向。作者在談論一個有爭議的問題時總要顧及到爭議的各個方面。但是，在一般情況下，作者的陳述總要傾向於某一種觀點。

3.應用文

應用文涉及的.范圍比較廣，包括廣告、通知、書信等。應用文一般語言簡潔，省略及不規范的句子較多。閱讀時一般要求考生全面掌握文章中提供的信息，並運用這些信息去解決問題。因此對題乾的理解尤為重要。

閱讀理解的考題分為客觀理解題(是指在短文中客觀存在的事實，客觀信息的答案一般都可以在原文中找到。即理解文中的具體事實或抽象概念)和主觀理解題(這類問題都不可能直接從原文中找到答案，須通過閱讀文章對文章主旨和深層含義有更深理解，並據此進行判斷和推理)。其中細節理解題和猜測詞義題屬於客觀題;主旨大意題和推理判斷題屬於主觀題。針對不同類型的題目，要在平時的練習過程中，結合具體的題目，給學生進行解題方法的指導和講解。對於客觀題，要提醒他們閱讀時關注文章的細節，如時間，地點或一些具體數字，在選擇答案時，務必從原文中找到確切的依據。 我們可將閱讀理解歸納為以下四大題型，根據閱讀理解題考查角度的不同，可採用不同的解題技巧來應付。

Ⅰ.事實細節題

屬於細節類型的閱讀理解題一般只針對某個特定的細節，題型可以多種多樣。此類題型一般分兩種。第一種是直接理解題，在原文中可以直接找到答案。第二種是詞義轉換題，正確選項是原文有關詞語和句子的轉換。做此類試題一定要抓住事件發生的時間、地點、人物、發展過程和結局等環節，所選答案一定要符合原文，切不可望文生義。這類題型的主要提問方式常為：

①Which of the following is true/NOT true in the passage?

②Which of the following statements is NOT discussed/mentioned in the passage?

③Which is the right order of the events given in the passage?

④All the following statements are NOT true excep. 細節題的破解一般採用尋讀法，即先看試題，再讀文章。對有關信息進行快速定位，再將相關信息進行整合、甄別、分析、對比，有根有據地排除干擾項，選出正確答案。此法加強了閱讀的針對性，提高了做題的准確率，節省了寶貴的時間。尋讀法還特別適用於對圖形表格類題材的理解。做此類型的題目還要特別注意句子的邏輯關系。英語中有許多功能詞，如：表因果關系的because, since, as等;表轉折關系的but, however ,on the contrary, on the other hand等等。

Ⅱ.猜測詞義題

在高考閱讀題中，考生遇到的最大障礙往往有兩個：一是被已認識的單詞的某一熟知含義所誤導;二是被完全不認識的單詞的意思所阻礙，從而出現理解偏差或理解困難，影響閱讀的速度。其實解決這兩個困難的一個重要法寶是考生在心目中樹立起上下文觀念，要學會“順藤摸瓜”，通過構詞，語法，定義，同位，對比，因果，常識，上下文等線索確定詞義。

在閱讀解題時要注意從以下七個方面著手：

1)根據定義或解釋、說明猜測生詞的詞義 在be,be called,call等判斷詞出現的判斷句中，或定語從句及標點符號，可以根據已知部分，猜測生詞的含義。例如：

The herdsman, who looks after sheep, earns about 650 yuan a year.通過理解定語從句的意思，能猜出herdsman是“牧人”。

2)根據對比關系猜測生詞的詞義 在but,however,yet,otherwise,though這些表示意義轉折的連詞出現的句子中，其前後的詞有明顯對比關系，根據已知的內容，通過這種對比關系，就很容易猜出生詞的詞義了。例如： Though Tom’s face has been washed quite clean, his neck still remains grubby. 和clean意思相對的便是“骯臟的”了，因此可猜出句中grubby的意思是“骯臟的”。

3)通過因果關系猜測詞義 because, since與as是連接原因狀語從句的從屬連詞，so是連接表示結果的狀語從句的連詞，so……that與such……that中的that是連接結果狀語從句的。當這些信息詞出現在有生詞的句子中，通過因果關系，依據已知部分就能猜出生詞的詞義。例如：She wanted the hairdresser to trim her hair a bit because it was too long. 根據because從句所講的意思，我們就可推測trim就是“修剪”之意。

4)根據生活常識猜測詞義

3 運用邏輯推理能力，自身的生活經驗及生活常識。再聯繫上下文能讀懂的部分，可以正確猜出詞義。例如：Most of the roses are beginning to wither because of the cold. 根據句子意思及生活經驗，wither表示“枯萎”。

5)根據同等關系猜測詞義 同等關系，指的是一個詞，一組詞或短語在句中作同一成分，而且它們的詞義都屬於同一范疇。明顯的標志是，這樣的片語或短語中間常常用並列連詞and或or來連接。例如： At forty-two he was in his prime and always full of energy. 從“年齡42歲”以及與prime具有同等關系的full of energy可以猜出prime的意思是“盛年時期”。

6)根據列舉的事例猜測詞義 You can take any of the periodicals: "The World of English". "Foreign Language Teaching in Schools", or "English Learning". 從後面列舉的例子中，可以猜出periodical是“期刊，雜志”的意思。

7)根據構詞法知識猜測詞義 根據學過的構詞法知識，知道詞根和前綴或後綴的意義，就可猜出由它們組成的新詞詞義。

Ⅲ.推理判斷題

做這類題要求考生在閱讀理解整體語篇的同時，又要求學生對作者的態度、意圖及文章細節的發展作正確的推理判斷，力求從作者的角度去考慮，不要固守自己的看法或觀點。不要主觀臆斷，憑空想像，任意發揮，而走入誤區。學生要學會運用主題句去推測、揣摩文字背後作者的意圖，運用歸納、對比、演繹技能，運用背景知識去挖掘文章深層含義，從而正確理解作者的言外之意，同時認真體會文章的語氣與感情基調(如：否定、厭惡、反問、諷刺等)。

這類試題常以如下句式發問：

①What can you conclude/ imply from this passage?

②What’s the author’s attitude(態度)towards……?

③We can infer /learn from the passage that……

如： Once there was something wrong with a machine in a factory. The workers could do nothing but turn to a German engineer for help, who drew a line on it and said, “Take off the part where the line is and change it for a new one. ”The machine, with a new line on, began running well again. The engineer then asked for $ 30,000 for what he had done. The following were what he wrote on a bill, “The new part only costs one dollar, and knowing where the problem with the machine is costs $ 29,999.”

Q: What can you conclude from this passage?

A. the engineer asked for too much money

B. the workers should pay the money

C. the knowledge is worth money

D. the new part could cost more

這篇短文是作者講的一個故事，那麼通過這個故事我們可以判斷出什麼呢?雖然作者沒有言明，但是我們可以斷定，發現問題的所在需要智慧和知識，知識是創造價值的源泉，因此此題的正確答案應為C. Ⅳ.主旨大意題 這種題型要求考生能夠把握文章的總體，並真正理解主題和中心;要求能較好地運用概括、判斷、歸納、推理等邏輯思維方法解題，難度較大，屬於高層次題。

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5. 大學英語六級考試閱讀理解分析 - 六級閱讀

1.大綱要求

六級考試大綱對閱讀理解題的要求為：既能理解個別句子的意義，也能理解上下文的邏輯關系；既能理解字面的意思，也能理解隱含的意思；既能理解事實和細節，也能理解所讀材料的主旨和大意；能就文章的內容進行判斷，推理和信息轉換。

2.六級考試閱讀理解題的特點

a.考試時間為35分鍾，共20題，每題2分，共計40分。閱讀理解主要有四篇短文，短文的長度平均為350詞左右，總閱讀量為1400詞左右，閱讀速度平均為70Wpm(word per minute)

b.閱讀理解的題材廣泛，體裁多種，題型多樣。閱讀理解的題材廣泛，內容包羅萬象,如有關動植物、人物傳記、歷史、文化、環境、資源、交通、醫學、經濟、信息等方面。總體上說，其題材主要集中在科普知識，社會文化和經濟生活三方面。閱讀理解的體裁有敘述文、議論文、說明文等，通過歷年試題的分析我們發現六級閱讀文章主要是議論文和說明文。閱讀理解的題型主要有主觀性題型和客觀性題型。前者主要包括主旨型、推理型、作者語氣、態度型、結論型等。後者主要包括事實型、推測詞義型、指代關系型、常識題、是非題等。

讀理解題的復習方法

（1）培養良好的閱讀習慣
這里主要強調讀者要始終以一種積極的心態去閱讀。我們閱讀的目的是獲取知識信息，了解他人對有關問題的態度和看法，所以閱讀時我們應培養對新的知識信息的自覺的敏銳感，對作者的觀點和態度進行批判性的分析；跟上作者的寫作思路，從已讀的部分可以預知作者下面要講的內容；辨別文章中哪些是作者的論畝檔點，哪些是事實和論據。只要我們平時能養成這樣的閱讀習慣，就不會被淹沒在作者所呈現的各種事實和材料中；考試時就能應付各種類型的問題；也就能夠更加有意識地略過那些自己不甚明了但不影響基本閱讀任務的完成的部分。

（2）廣泛涉獵，了解有關背景知識
閱讀理解試題在其種程度上不僅僅是對考生英語語言水平的考查，同時也是對考生知識面及知識結構的考查。如有些雹耐純考生對短文中的詞彙和語法結構基本上都知道了，但是對其真正的涵義即隱含的意思卻模稜兩可，似懂非懂，做題目時便舉棋不定。這主要是對短文的背景知識不了解，甚至一竅不通的結果。所以考生在平時應廣泛閱讀，特別是一些自己比較生疏的領域，如某些科技知識等。如果考生對背景內容比較熟悉，讀起來就比較順利，對文章的理解也比較透徹，做起題目也會得心應手。再如本考題中有推測文章來源的題目，則需要考生有一定的文體知識，如演講、社論、新聞、書評、教科書、科技論文等的內容特點和語言特點。總之，廣泛涉獵，了解一些背景知識，即有助於增加語感，對短文的理解又有助於提高閱讀的速度。

（3）防止「題海」戰術，注意提高閱讀速度和解題技巧。
有些考生誤認為練習做得越多，在考試中閱讀理解題的得分也就越高。其時不然，如不注意閱讀速度和解題技巧，便會事倍功半。
(a) 由於考試時的心理因素或其它因素的干憂，所以考生在平時練習時應把握好測試時間，按略高於考源咐試要求的速度即70wpm進行練習。
(b) 在解題時考生還應注意題型，對於不同的題型應採取不同的解題思路和技巧。如：
a. 主旨題。其命題方式中含有「main idea, subject, purpose」等詞，做這種題時，主要是看篇章中的主題句或者是從篇章的結構著手，利用自己的推理能力，對文章的信息進行分析，從而歸納總結出主題。
b. 推理題。通過對文字表面的認識，把握住推理范圍，利用相關部分提供的事實、背景知識和常識，保持正確的思維過程和遵循嚴格的邏輯規律，從而做出正確的選擇。
c. 作者語氣、態度、觀點型。判斷作者的觀點和態度主要是通過說話的語氣、文章的措詞、文體等，同時也應注意語篇中的修辭。
d. 對於細節問題，應首先找到它的考查點，然後根據它的命題規律答題。這類題的題干+答案在意義上通常等於原文中某一部分的內容，也就是說用不同的表達方式使題干+答案與原文等值。所用的方法大致有釋義、使用同義詞、反義詞或片語、利用詞彙的同現、復現、上、下義詞以及句式和語態的轉換等等。干擾項要麼與文章中的事實或觀點截然相反，要麼與文章所述的事實或觀點部分不符，要麼在文章中根本沒有涉及。總之，題目不在於做的「多」，而在於做的「精」，「精」就精在閱讀速度和解題技巧。

考生臨場注意事項

1.克服對生詞的恐懼心理。在閱讀中，如遇到生詞，應利用詞彙學知識（如「前綴、後綴」）、句法語義知識和根據上下文來進行推測，對於不影響篇章理解的生詞可跳過。
2.做題前應先用掃描法弄清問題的類型及出題角度，再帶著問題看短文，注意與問題有關的信息詞及與問題有關的段落范圍。
3.做題時，應注意不同的題型採取不同的策略，以提高解題的速度和准確率。
總而言之，考生在平時應注意復習方法，在考試中應注意應試技巧，希望閱讀理解題能成為您進軍六級的「階梯」，而不是「攔路虎」。

6. 初中英語閱讀理解 帶答案並且是說明文

There was once a man who was very rich but very tightfisted（吝嗇的）at the same time.Nobody 56 him in the village.One day he said to them,「I know you don』t like me.When I 57 ,I will give everything to you.Then everyone will be 58 .」
Even then nobody believed him.The rich man couldn』t 59 why they didn』t believe him.One day he went for a walk.Under a tree he happened to hear a pig and a cow 60 .
The pig said to the cow,「Everybody likes you 61 nobody likes me.Why?When I provide people with meat,ham（火腿）and so on,I give three or four things to them.But you give only one thing-milk.Why do people like you 62 and not me?」
The cow answered,「Look,I give them milk while I』m 63 .They see that I am gnerous（慷慨） with what I 64 .But you don』t give them anything while you』re alive.Only after you』re dead do you give meat,ham and so on.People don』t believe in the 65 ,they believe in the present（現在）.If you give while you are alive,people will like you.」
From that moment on,the rich man wasn』t tightfisted any more.Everyone began to like him.And he felt quite happy.
56.A.believed\x05 B.liked\x05\x05\x05C.hated\x05\x05 D.knew
57.A.die\x05B.leave\x05\x05\x05C.retum\x05\x05 D.arrive
58.A.frightened\x05\x05B.happy\x05\x05C.angry\x05\x05 D.safe
59.A.agree\x05B.understand\x05\x05C.remember\x05 D.forget
60.A.crying\x05B.laughing\x05\x05C.singing\x05\x05 D.talking
61.A.because\x05B.so\x05\x05\x05C.and\x05\x05 D.or
62.A.sometimes\x05B.all the time\x05C.at the beginning\x05D.in the end
63.A.alive\x05 B.dead\x05 C.busy\x05\x05 D.free
64.A.like\x05B.have\x05 C.eat\x05\x05\x05 D.say
65.A.lifetime\x05B.competition\x05\x05C.friendship\x05 D.future
【答案：1-5 BABBD 6-10 CDABD】
1．A．believed B．liked C．hated D．knew
【第一句話介紹了這位雖有錢但吝嗇的傢伙,你會喜歡此類人嗎?】
2．A．die B．1eave C．return D．arrive
【下一小節第一句話「甚至這樣也沒人相信他.」說明他這里是在對大家許諾.】
3．A．frightened B．happy C．angry D．safe
【在他認為,人們得到了他的一切應該會高興的.】
4．A．agree B．understand C．remember D.forget
【當然,人們不相信他,這一點對於他這樣吝嗇的人來說是不可理解的.】
5．A．crying B．laughing C．singing D．talking
【句中happen to hear是「碰巧聽見」之意.這里用了感官動詞句型：hear sb.doing sth.】
6．A．because B．so C．but D．or
【前後句有轉折意.】
7．A．sometimes B．all the time C．at the beginning D．in the end
【前兩句講了事情的過程,這里是他疑惑的「結果」,即：為什麼最後人們喜歡你而不是我?】
8．A．alive B．dead C．busy D．free
【如果你聯想到這位吝嗇鬼的許諾,就不難選出答案：母牛是在它還活著是就提供給人們牛奶了.】
9．A．1ike B．have C．eat D．say
【with what I have表示「用我所擁有的」.】
10．A．1ifetime B．competition C．friendship D．future
【你會喜歡承諾將來對你好的人還是喜歡現在就對你好的人.那麼合理的答案就出來了.】

7. 公共英語三級閱讀理解A試題

2017公共英語三級閱讀理解A試題

按照官方說法，公共英語三級相當於大學英語四級的水平，還是比較難的。下面是我整理的公共英語三級試題，希望能幫到大家!

Section II Reading

( 50 minutes)

Part A

Directions:

Read the following two texts. Answer the questions on each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.

Text 1

Rowena and Billy Wrangler are model high school students. They study hard and do extremely well on achievement tests. And next year, Rowena will be attending Harvard University. Billy, her younger brother, hopes to go to Com ell. What makes Rowena and Billy different from most students is that they don't go to school. In fact, they've never been to school. Since kindergarten, they've studied at home. Neither Rowena nor Billy feels as if they've missed out on anything by being taught at home. Like many of more than one million people who receive home schooling in the United States, they feel as if they've gotten a good ecation.

The home-schooling trend began in the U.S. in the 1980s with parents keeping their children out of public schools so they could provide religious ecation at home. Today, as the home-schooling trend continues to grow, parents are more likely to consider home schooling as an option because they believe schools don't do a very good job of teaching and are occasionally dangerous places. But can parents really do a better job?

The answer in many cases is yes. In many studies, students taught at home ranked average or above average when compared to students who went to public schools. More importantly, these students were often more self-directed and have a greater depth of knowledge. "They are very well prepared for academic challenges," says Patricia Riordan, the dean of admissions at George Mason

University.

One such student, Robert Conrad, now a sophomore at university, claims he really learned how to study and schele his time ring his eight years of home schooling. Still, not every student is as successful as Robert.

"For every home-schooling success story, there are an equal number of failures," states Henry Lipscomb, an ecational researcher. "There are just so many disadvantages that students taught at home have to overcome. " For example, they have fewer chances to interact with others of their own age. Consequently, they sometimes lack the usual social skills. "No matter what, though," states Lipscomb, "home-schooling is a growing trend. I think we'll be seeing more and more of this. "

26. Compared with other students, the most different thing Rowena and Billy do is that________

A. they study hard

B . they do extremely well on achievement tests

C . they never go to school

D . they feel they have gotten a good ecation

27. At first in the 1980s parents gave home-schooling to children for________

A. better ecation

B . religious ecation

C . safety

D . all the above

28. According to the article, what is NOT the advantage of being ecated at home?

A. Home is a safer place for children.

B . Students taught at home are more self-directed.

C . Students taught at home have a greater depth of knowledge.

D . Students taught at home can go to good universities.

29. The Walter thinks

A.parents can do a better job than schools

B . home-schooling will be more and more useful

C . students taught at home make greater achievements

D . home-schooling is good in some aspects

30. The best title of this text might be________

A. Home-schooling: A Growing Trend

B . Home-schooling: A Better Choice

C . Home-schooling: A Way to Success

D . Home-schooling: A New Method of Ecation

Text 2

A smile is a strong sign of a friendly and open attitude and a willingness to communicate. It is a positive, silent sign sent with the hope the other person will smile back. When you smile, you

show you have noticed the person in a positive way. The result? That person will usually smile back.

You might not realize a closed position is the cause of many conversational problems. A common closed position is sitting with your arms and legs crossed and your hand covering your mouth or chin. This is often called the "thinking pose". Ask yourself this question: Are you going to interrupt someone who appears .to be deep in thought? This position gives off "stay away" signs and prevents your main "sign sender" ( your mouth) from being seen by others looking for inviting conversational signs.

The open body position is most effective when you place yourself within communicating distance of the other person--that is, within about five feet. Take care, however, not to enter someone's "personal space" by getting too close, too soon.

Leaning forward a little while a person is talking shows your interest and how you are listening to what the person is saying. By doing this, you are saying: I hear what you're saying, and I'm interested in--keep talking!

Often people will lean back with their hands over their mouth, chin, or behind their head in the "thinking" pose. This position gives off signs of judgment, doubt, and lack of interest from the listener. Since most people do not feel comfortable when they think they are being judged, this leaning-back position serves to prevent the speaker from continuing.

In many cultures the most common form of first contact between two people is a handshake. Be the first to extend your hand in greeting. Couple this with a friendly "Hello", a nice smile, and your name and you have made the first step to open the lines of communication.

Eye contact should be natural, not forced or overdone. Direct eye contact shows you are listening to the other person and that you want to know about her.

31. A person smiles to show________

A. he is kind and useful

B . he is happy all the time

C . he is ready to talk with you

D . he sees something funny

32. According to the text, troubles in communication may result from________

A. a dosed body position

B . an open body position

C . no smile

D . the main " sign senders"

33. Leaning back with your hands behind your head in deep thought while a person is talking________

A. shows you are interested in and listening to what the speaker is saying

B . shows you want to keep some distance from the speaker

C . makes him think-you are thinking about something else

D . makes him believe you are not interested in his talk

34. All of the following gestures encourage communication except________

A. leaning forward a little while a person is talking

B . crossing your arms

C . looking in others' eyes

D . extending your hand in greeting

35. From the text we know that________

A. communication depends.ads little on verbal language and much on body language

B . gestures always prevent the "sign sender" (mouth)

C . we should pay much attention to body language

D . eye contact is always helpful

答案解析：

PartA

Text l

篇章分析

本文是一篇議論文。文章一開始通過一個實例引出本文的話題——家庭學校潮流，之後介紹了家庭學校潮流的起源，此後作者提出了問題——家長能做得比學校更好嗎?之後對此問題展開了分析，第三段和第四段論述家庭學校的好處以及成功的例子，第五段則從另外一方面論證家庭學校這種教育方式的缺陷。

答案及解析

26.【答案】c

【題型】細節題

【解析】題干意為“與其他學生相比，Rowena和Billy最不同尋常的地方是什麼?”從文章第一段第五句話“What makes Rowena and Billy differ-ent from most students is that they don’t go to school.”可以看出，他們最與眾不同之處在於他們從來沒有去過學校上學，因此正確答案為C。

27.【答案】B

【題型】細節題

【解析】題干意為“起初在20世紀踟年代父母給孩子們進行家庭學校教育是為了什麼?”從文章第二段第一句話中“…SO they could pro-vide religiOUS ecation at home.”可以看出，他們這樣做是為了在家中給孩子們進行宗教教育，因此正確答案為8。

28.【答案】D

【題型】細節題

【解析】題干意為“根據文章，下面哪一條不是家庭學校的優點?”這道題需要把四個選項和原文逐一對比、逐一排除。從文章第二段倒數第二句話中“…they believe schools…Are occasionally dangerous places.”可以排除A，從文章第三段第三句話“More importantly，these students are often mole self-directed and have a greater depth of knowl·edge.”可以排除B和c，而文章沒有談到家庭學校和上好大學的聯系，因此正確答案為D。

29.【答案】D

【題型】推理題

【解析】題干意為“作者的觀點是什麼?”文章第三、四、五段談到家庭學校既有優勢也有缺陷，因此A、B、C都有失片面，而D“在一些方面家庭學校不錯”更合文意。故選D。

30.【答案】A

【題型】主旨題

【解析】題干意為“文章最好的標題是什麼?”A家庭學校：一個不斷發展的趨勢，8家庭學校：一個更好的選擇，C家庭學校：一條通往成功的道路，D家庭學校：一種新的教育方式。根據文章主題，B、C都有失片面，而D則不準確，家庭學校在上世紀80年代就有了，並不是新的教育方式，而文章第二段和最後一段都提到家庭學校是一種趨勢，因此A最貼切文意。故選A。

Text 2

篇章分析

本文是一篇說明文，介紹了姿勢或肢體語言對於交流的重要性。文章第一段介紹了微笑是交流的積極信號，第二段講述一些封閉的姿勢如雙手交叉等會給交流帶來麻煩，第三段講述與人交流時兩人最好應保持在5英寸的距離內，第四段講述將身體略微前傾能顯示出交流的`興趣，第五段介紹了一些顯示出沒興趣交流的肢體語言，第六段介紹握手的作用和方式，最後一段介紹目光交流的重要性和方式。

答案及解析

31.【答案】C

【題型】推理題

【解析】題干意為“一個人微笑表示什麼?”從文章第一段第一句話“A smile is a strong sign of a friendly and open attitude and a willingness to communicate.”可以看出，微笑是友好、開放、樂意交流的強烈信號，因此可判斷正確答案為C。

32.【答案】A

【題型】細節題

【解析】題干意為“根據文章，交流中的麻煩可能是由於什麼造成的?”由文章第二段第一句話中的“a closed position is the cause of many conversational problems”可以看出答案為A。

33.【答案】D

【題型】推理題

【解析】題干意為“當別人在說話時，你雙手放在腦袋後面，身體向後仰，陷入沉思，這會怎樣?”這道題需要把四個選項和原文逐一對比、逐一排除。從文章第五段前兩句“0ften people will lean back with their hands...or behind their head in the“thinkin9”pose.This position gives off signs of...lack of interest from the listener.”，因此可見正確答案為D。

34.【答案】B

【題型】細節題

【解析】題干意為“以下所有的姿勢中，除了哪一種以外其他姿勢都有助於交流?”文章第二段第二句話中談到“A common closed position is sitting with your allns and legs crossed...”因此8雙臂交叉是一種封閉姿勢，阻礙交流，所以正確答案為8。

35.【答案】C

【題型】推理題

【解析】題干意為“從這篇文章中我們可以知道什麼?”A交流幾乎不靠口頭語言，大部分靠肢體語言，B姿勢總是會阻礙“信號發出器” (嘴巴)，c我們應該多注意肢體語言，D眼神交流總是有幫助。A、B、D都過於絕對，c最貼切文意。故正確答案為c。

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8. 高考英語閱讀理解訓練題及參考答案

2017高考英語閱讀理解訓練題及參考答案

高考英語閱讀理解文章材料題材新穎，包括故事、傳記、人物、傳說、生活常識、社會文化、天文、史地、科普知識、政治、經濟及名人逸事等。體裁也不一，有記敘文、說明文、議論文、應用文等。為了幫助大家熟悉各種材料，我整理了一些高考英語閱讀理解題，希望能幫到大家!

高考英語閱讀理解題【1】

A nobleman and a merchant once met in an inn. For their lunch they both ordered soup. When it was brought, the nobleman took a spoonful, but the soup was so hot that he burned his mouth and tears came to his eyes, The merchant asked him why he was weeping. The nobleman was ashamed to admit (承認) that he had burned his mouth and answered, “Sir, I once had a brother who committed a great crime (犯罪), for which he was hanged. I was thinking of his death, and that made me weep.” The merchant believed this story and began to eat his soup. He too burned his mouth, so that he had tears in his eyes. The nobleman noticed it and asked the merchant, “Sir, why do you weep?” The merchant, who now saw that the nobleman had deceived (欺騙) him, answered, “My lord(=master), I am weeping because you were not hanged together with your brother.”

1. This story teaches us ______.

A. not to eat in inns B. not to eat soup that is too hot

C.to cry when we burn our mouth D. not to believe everything you hear

2. The nobleman did not tell the truth because he ______.

A. was a nobleman felt ashamed C. was in an inn D. was angry

3. The nobleman should have ______.

A. smiled with joy B. shouted with laughter

C. told the truth D. scolded the waiter

4. It is probable that the nobleman ______.

A. had no brother who was hanged B. had a very good brother

C. knew the soup was too hot D. had never eaten soup

5. The merchant’s answer showed that be ______.

A. was very happy B. believed the nobleman

C. was angry with the nobleman D. had kind heart

高考英語閱讀理解題【2】

In a very real sense, people who have read good literature have lived more than people who cannot or will not read. To have read Gulliver’s Travels is to have had the experience of listening to Jonathan Swift, of learning about man’s inhumanity (殘酷) to man. To read Huckleberry Finn is to feel what it is like to drift (漂流) down the Mississippi River on a raft (木排). To have read Byron is to have suffered his rebellions with him and to have enjoyed his nose—thumbing at (對……的蔑視) society. To have read Native Son is to know how it feels to be frustrated (受挫折) in the particular way in which Blacks in Chicago are frustrated. This is effective communication (交流). It enables us to feel how others felt about life, even if they lived thousands of miles away and centuries age. It is not true that “We have only one life to live.” If we read, we can live as many more lives and as many kinds of lives as we wish.

1. The sentence “People who have read good literature have lived more than people who cannot or will not read” suggests that ______.

A. reading stimulates(激發) a desire to travel

B. reading broadens(擴大) a person’s experience

C. people who read much live longer

D. people who read are more relaxed

2. The author implies that good literature ______.

A. must deal with social problems B. must teach a lesson

C. is varied in subject and in content (內容) D. is always exciting and heart--warming

3. According to the author, reading good literature ______.

A. proces new income B. is quite useless

C. satisfies the curious D. opens new worlds to us(眼界)

4. The underlined word effective in this passage means ______.

A. actual B. striking C. existing D. having an effect

高考英語閱讀理解題【3】

When I lived in Spain, some Spanish friends of mine decided to visit England by car. Before they left, they asked me for advice about how to find accommodation (住所). I suggested that they should stay at ‘bed and breakfast’ houses, because this kind of accommodation gives a foreign visitor a good chance to speak English with the family. My friends listened to my advice, but they came back with some funny stories.

“We didn’t stay at bed and breakfast houses,” they said, “because we found that most families were away on holiday.”

I thought this was strange. Finally I understood what had happened. My friends spoke little English, and they thought ‘VACANCIES’ meant ‘holidays’, because the Spanish word for ‘holidays” is ‘vacaciones’. So they did not go to house where the sign outside said ‘VACANCLES’, which in English means there are free rooms. Then my friends went to house where the sign said ‘NO VACANCLES’, because they thought this meant the people who owned the house were not away on holiday. But they found that these houses were all full. As a result, they stayed at hotels!

We laughed about this and about mistakes my friends made in reading other signs. In Spanish, the word ‘DIVERSION’ means fun. In English, it means that workmen are repairing the road, and that you must take a different road. When my friends saw the word ‘DIVERSION’ on a road sign, they thought they were going to have fun. Instead, the road ended in a large hold.

English people have problems too when they learn foreign languages. Once in Paris. when someone offered me some more. coffee, I said ‘Thank you’ in French. I meant that I would like some more, However , to my surprise the coffee pot was taken away! Later I found out that ‘Thank you’ in French means ‘Mo, thank you.’

1. My Spanish friends wanted advice about ______.

A. learning English B. finding places to stay in England

C. driving their car on English roads D. going to England by car

2. I suggested that they stay at bed and breakfast houses because ______.

A. they would be able to practise their English

B. it would be much cheaper than staying in hotels

C. it would be convenient for them to have dinner

D. there would be no problem about finding accommodation there

3. “NO VACANCIES” in English means ______.

A. no free rooms B. free rooms C. not away on holiday D. holidays

4. If you see a road sign that says ‘Diversion’, you will ______.

A. fall into a hole

B. have a lot of fun and enjoy yourself

C. find that the road is blocked by crowds of people

D. have to take a different road

5. When someone offered me more coffee and I said ‘Thank you’ in French, I ______.

A didn’t really want any more coffee B. wanted them to take the coffee pot away

C. really wanted some more coffee D. wanted to express my politeness

6. I was surprised when the coffee pot was taken away because I ______.

A. hadn’t finished drinking my coffee B. was expecting another cup of coffee

C. meant that I didn’t want any more D. was never misunderstood

參考答案：

1D 2 B 3 C 4 A 5 C

1B 2 C 3 D 4 D

1B 2 A 3 A 4 D 5 C 6 B

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9. 2018年大學英語四級閱讀理解模擬試題4

2018年大學英語四級閱讀理解模擬試題4

肆喚 測試吸煙

Psychologist George Spilich and colleagues at Washington College in Chestertown, Maryland, decided to find out whether, as many smokers say, smoking helps them to 「think and concentrate.」 Spilich put young non-smokers, active smokers and smokers deprived (被剝奪仔基) of cigarettes through a series of tests. In the first test, each subject (試驗對象) sat before a computer screen and pressed a key as soon as he or she recognized a target letter among a grouping of 96. In this simple test, smokers, deprived smokers and nonsmokers performed equally well. The next test was more complex, requiring all to scan sequences of 20 identical letters and respond the instant one of the letters transformed into a different one. Non-smokers were faster， but under the stimulation of nicotine (尼古丁), active smokers were faster than deprived smokers. In the third test of short-term memory, non-smokers made the fewest errors, but deprived smokers committed fewer errors than active smokers. The fourth test required people to read a passage, then answer questions about it. Non-smokers remembered 19 percent more of the most important information than active smokers, and deprived smokers bested those who had smoked a cigarette just before testing. Active smokers tended not only to have poorer memories but al so had trouble separating important information from insignificant details. 「As our tests became more complex.」Sums up Spilich,「non-smokers performed better than smokers by wider and wider margins」He predicts,「smokers might per form adequately at many jobs-until they got complicated. A smoking airline pilot could fly adequately if no problems arose, but if something went wrong, smoking might damage his mental capacity.」

這是一篇說明文，念雹謹講的是關於測試吸煙是否有助於思考和集中精力的實驗。

1. The purpose of George Spilich's experiments is _______.

A) to test whether smoking has a positive effect on the mental capacity of smokers

B) to show how smoking damages people's mental capacity

C) to prove that smoking affects people's regular performance

D) to find out whether smoking helps people's short-term memory

2. George Spilich's experiment was concted in such a way as to _______.

A) compel the subjects to separate major information from minor details

B) put the subjects through increasingly complex tests

C) check the effectiveness of nicotine on smokers

D) register the prompt responses of the subjects

3. The word「bested」(Line 3, Para. 5) most probably means _______.

A) beat B) envied C) caught up with D) made the best of

4. Which of the following statements is true?

A) Active smokers in general performed better than deprived smokers.

B) Active smokers responded more quickly than the other subjects.

C) Non-smokers were not better than other subjects in performing simple tasks.

D) Deprived smokers gave the slowest responses to the various tasks.

5. We can infer from the last paragraph that _______.

A) smokers should not expect to become airline pilots

B) smoking in emergency cases causes mental illness

C) no airline pilots smoke ring flights

D) smokers may prove unequal to handing emergency cases

參考答案及解析

1、[答案及分析]：[A]事實辨認題，依據是第1段的兩句話。

2、[答案及分析]：[B]本題問G有S的實驗是以下列哪 種方式進行的。文章第2段說the first test是simple test,第3段開頭說第2個實驗more complex，最後一段開頭說「隨著測試逐漸變得復雜，不吸煙的人越來越比吸煙者做得好」，由此可見,George Spilich進行這種測試時以由易到難的順序進行的。因而B項正確。

3、[答案及分析]：[A]詞義推斷題。我們可以看出該被要求推斷詞 義的詞所在的上下文意為：沒有被允許吸煙的人憂於那些在測試前片刻吸過煙的人。best在此句中是動詞，意思應該是「優於、超過」。而四個選項的意思分別是：beat(擊敗，戰勝)catch up with(趕上)make the best of(充分利用)。可以看出,best和beat意思最為接近。

4、[答案及分析]：[C]根據第2段第2句可知C項正確：另外，根據倒數第2段的後兩句、第3段第2句可知A、B、D均不正確。

5、[答案及分析]：[D]與本題有關的信息在最後一段兩句：Spilich認為，吸煙者能勝任並不復雜的工作，但不能勝行復雜的任務。一個吸煙的飛行員不出現任何問題時能稱職也駕駛飛機飛行。但是一旦出現問題，吸煙就會損害他的大腦工作能力。

四六級英語推薦>>>

10. 高中英語閱讀理解說明文

高中英語閱讀理解說明文

高中英語教學的核心是閱讀，它具有雙重性：一是對學生進行閱讀技能、技巧的訓練，培養其閱讀理解能力;而是通過閱讀，使學生不斷學到新的語言知識，提高學生實際運用英語的能力。英語閱讀理解能力是高考考查的重點，下面就跟著我一起來學習一下高中英語閱讀理解說明文閱讀策略吧!

【高中英語閱讀理解說明文閱讀策略】

英語閱讀理解可以分為論述類、說明類、廣告信息類、敘述類和文學類。不同的文章有著不同的語篇結構，不同的語義語言結構和不同的閱讀策略。掌握恰當的閱讀策略較快地抓住文章的主旨，作者的寫作意圖，把握篇章結構，了解篇章內容。說明文在近五年江蘇高考英語試卷中穩定性出現，可是考生得分率卻很低，許多考生存在著不同程度的畏難心理。老師通過引導學生進行正確閱讀，獲取作者的寫作意圖，觀點和知識，帶領學生掌握相應的閱讀策略。

一、說明文結構特點

所謂科技說明文，就是指研究自然科學與技術的文章。說明文是對事物或事理進行客觀說明的一種文體，它以說明為主要表達方式，通過解說事物或闡明事理，達到教人以知識的目的，在結構上往往採用總分、遞進等方式按一定的順序(如時間、空間、從現象到本質)進行說明。說明文的特點是客觀、簡練、語言准確、明了，文章很少表達作者的感情傾向。閱讀說明文的重點在與讀懂它說明的事物或事理，了解事物的性質、構造、成因、功能等，了解事理的含意、特點等。

二、說明文選材特點

最近五年，說明文的出現變化不大，一直很穩定，選材通常是各學科的前沿問題;高科技領域的科研成果;人們比較關心的社會問題;人文方面的經典。

由於閱讀理解題的.設置採用漸進式，即由簡到難的方式，因此說明文是高考試卷中閱讀理解題中相對比較難的，通常後置。

三、說明文語義語言特點

閱讀理解試題的中要考點之一是考查學生對詞彙和句式的掌握。說明文的詞彙和句式的運用較別的體裁的文章難度更大。詞彙運用靈活，同一詞的不同詞性的用法交替出現，未列入考綱的生詞較多，通常達到了4-5%。不過考生可以通過說明文的語言特點來幫助理解語篇，例如，同位語、下定義、解釋、舉例、同義詞、反義詞、上下義詞以及標點符號(如破折號、冒號都有表示解釋和說明)等。

四、高考英語對科技說明文的要求

要求考生讀懂簡易的英語文學作品，科普文章、公告，說明。廣告以及書、報、雜志中關於一般性話題的簡短文章並回答相關問題。考生應能：

理解語篇主旨要義

理解文中具體信息

根據上下文提供的線索推測生詞的詞義

根據文中事實和線索作出簡單的判斷和推理

理解文章的宏觀結構和文脈邏輯關系

理解作者的觀點、意圖和態度

根據所讀，用恰當的詞語補全文章提綱，概括主要內容或作關鍵詞詞語轉換。

五、高考說明文閱讀及解題策略

1.略讀

通過整體粗讀，領略內容大意，幫助理解，為細讀做准備。尋找主題句，獲取大意，找出每段的主題。每一篇說明文通常都是圍繞一個中心展開的。所以找出主題句，抓住中心，理解主題句與文章的具體事實細節的關系，對文章進行整體理解，獲取文章表達的正確信息。

2.跳讀

尋找所需信息，如年代、數字、人名、地名等，把握住關鍵詞，利用語法過渡詞、語氣轉折詞及時態等，抓住文章脈絡。

3.細讀

分段細讀，注意細節，注意語言結構，抓住關鍵信息，解釋文章結構的內在聯系，幫助深化理解。一片文章就是一個有機的整體，段落與段落之間存在著內在的緊密聯系，而每段的內容都與主題有著很重要的聯系，所以弄清文章結構上的問題，對於把握文章主題，文章大意非常重要。

3.1 主旨大意題

尋找主題句往往是做好此類題的關鍵。每段的主題句(常在首句、尾句、首尾句、段落中和歸納分析)一般都用來表示一個段落的主旨大意。而整篇文章的主題句往往隱藏在首段或尾段。

通過上面的兩道題我們可以看出這類題型在選擇項中錯誤多以干擾項出現，干擾項多屬文中某個具體事實或細節、從文中某些 (不完全的) 事實或細節片面推出的錯誤結論或者是非文章事實的主觀臆斷

常見的提問形式：

1. The main idea of the passage is ______.

2. Which of the following statements best summarizes the author’s mainpoint?

3. This paragraph centers/focuses on ______.

4. This passage is chiefly concerned with ______.

5. The author’s purpose in writing this passage is ______.

6. What is the best title of the passage?

3.2 細節理解題

該題型難度系數值最低並占閱讀理解總數的50%左右。有關細節的問題常對文中某個詞語、某句子、某段落等細節及事實進行提問，所提問題一般可直接或間接在文章中找到答案。

最普遍的特徵是題干中的某些詞語和表達方式與原文的詞語和表達方式相吻合，先讀題，然後帶著問題快速閱讀短文，找出與問題有關的詞語或句子，再對相關部分進行分析對比，找出答案。

常見的提問形式：

1. Which of the following is TRUE ( Not True) according to theinformation in the passage?

2. Which of the following is mentioned in the passage?

3. The author mentions all the following except ______.

4. In the passage, the author states that ____.

5. 以when, where, who, what, how, why, how many/much等詞引導的疑問句。

4.推讀

推測未直接寫明的含義、因果關系以及詞義，學生可以根據上下文猜測在閱讀過程中遇到的新單詞、新的表達法或語法。這樣既提高了閱讀的速度又形成了一種能力，這也是英語閱讀的關鍵所在。

4.1 詞語猜測題

常在詞或短語之間有並列連詞and或or，它們連接的兩項內容在含義上是接近的或遞進的。還有就是對單詞進行同義解釋中的生詞用定語(從句)、表語甚至於用逗號、破折號等標點符號引出並加以解釋說明。

做題時盡快找到被測詞的文中位置，認真研讀上下文，根據整個句子的意思推斷;可以根據標點符號猜測;也可以從被測詞後的定語從句中或同位語從句中判斷;可以通過構詞法猜測詞義;也可以通過文中的同義和反義詞來猜測，可以通過上下文的信息詞猜測詞義。

常見的提問形式：

Theword could best be replaced by ______.

Whichof the following is the closest in meaning to the word?

Inthe paragraph, the word means (refers to) ______.

4. The underlined word is the closest in meaningto _______.

4.2 推理判斷題

考查學生由文章的字面信息推出未知信息或隱含信息的能力，根據文章提供的事實和線索，進行邏輯推理，推測作者未提到的事實或某事發生的可能性、作者的傾向或意圖、文章的論調等。

做題時不要脫離原文只憑自已的想像混亂推理或只憑常識推理;答案一定在文章中找到依據或理由，分析材料所提供的全部事實。另外要重視文章的主旨，所選答案的內容一定不能脫離主題大意。

六、說明文閱讀的應試心態

我們要樹立一種觀念，說明文閱讀考察的是閱讀能力、邏輯思維能力，而不是要求考生全面、系統、透徹弄懂相關的知識。基於此，我們在做說明文試題時，必須排除與選文相關的舊知識的影響，完全靠選文提供的信息作出正確的判斷和選擇。

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