蒸餾器英語閱讀

A. 2017年高考英語全國卷1 - 閱讀理解D

A build-it-yourself solar still is one of the best ways to obtain drinking water in areas where the liquid is not readily available．Developed by two doctors in the U.S. Department of Agriculture, it's an excellent water collector. Unfortunately, you must carry the necessary equipment with you, since it's all but impossible to find natural substitutes. The only components required, though, are a 5'×5' sheet of clear or slightly milky plastic, six feet of plastic tube, and a container-perhaps just a drinking cup-to catch the water. These pieces can be folded into a neat little pack and fastened on your belt.
自行建造太陽能蒸餾器是在很難獲得水的地區獲取飲用水的最佳方法之一。這是一種出色的集水器，由美國農業部的兩位博士研製。不好的是，你必須隨身攜帶必要的設備，因為幾乎不可能找到天然替代品。盡管需要的配件是一塊5』×5』的透明或淡乳色塑料片、6英尺長的塑料管和一個容器（可能只是一個用來盛水的杯子）。這些配件可以折疊成整潔的小包裝，系在腰帶上。

To construct a working still, use a sharp stick or rock to dig a hole four feet across and three feet deep. Try to make the hole in a damp area to increase the water catcher's proctivity. Place your cup in the deepest part of the hole. Then lay the tube in place so that one end rests all the way in the cup and the rest of the line runs up-and out-the side of the hole.
要建造蒸餾器，可以用鋒利的木棍或石塊挖一個四英尺寬、三英尺深的洞穴。在潮濕的地方挖洞，可以提高集水器的工作效率。將杯子放置在洞穴最深處，然後將管子放好，一頭完全放入杯中，其餘部分從洞穴中伸出。

Next, cover the hole with the plastic sheet, securing the edges of the plastic with dirt and weighting the sheet's center down with a rock. The plastic should now form a cone with 45-degree-angled sides. The low point of the sheet must be centered directly over, and no more than three inches above, the cup.
接下來，用塑料片蓋住洞穴，用泥土固定塑料片邊緣，並用石塊壓住塑料板中心。塑料片現在應該會形成一個45度角邊的圓錐體。塑料片的低點必須位於杯子正上方中心位置，且不高於杯子上方三英寸。

The solar still works by creating a greenhouse under the plastic. Ground water evaporates and collects on the sheet until small drops of water form, run down the material, and fall off into the cup. When the container is full, you can suck the refreshment out through the tube, and won't have to break down the still every time you need a drink.
在塑料片下方形成一個溫室，太陽能蒸餾器就開始工作了。地下水蒸發並聚集在塑料片上，直至形成小水滴，順著材料流下來，落入杯中。當容器裝滿時，可以通過管子吸出淡水，不必每次需要喝水時都要拆除蒸餾器。

B. istl連成一個英語單詞

still

adv.
還;還是;仍然;依舊;(雖然…)還是;但;不過;(加強比較級)還要，更

adj.
靜止的;平靜的;安靜的;寂靜的;無風的;不含碳酸氣的;不起泡的

n.
(電影或錄像掘謹的)定格畫面;劇照脊念;(制酒的)蒸餾器

v.
(使)靜止，平靜，安櫻散困靜

C. 高考英語閱讀理解的猜詞題之短語類

學生做英語閱讀時往往很怕遇到生詞。但遇到生詞又是很普遍的，第一是有些文章的主題就是介紹新事物，而這個新事物是學生未曾接觸過的，自然感到陌生；第二是學生平時掌握的基本是熟詞熟義，而有些文章涉及到了熟詞生義；第三是學生在背高考范圍內的3500詞時掌握不夠扎實。

生詞如此普遍，高考英語也有對應的猜詞題。那麼，就要考慮如何通過各種技巧來攻克猜詞題，甚至把這些猜詞技巧推廣到其它生詞。

猜詞題可以劃分為兩大類，實詞和虛詞。實詞包含幾個小類，分別是單詞、短語、句子（短句為主）。虛詞通常為代詞。

本文主要介紹短語類。

如下：

What does the underlined phrase「tug at the heartstrings」in paragraph 2 mean ?

A. Encourage team work .

B. Appeal to feeling.

C. Promote good deeds.

D. Provide advice.

題干問的是第2段中tug at the heartstrings這個短語的含義。對應原文第2段

I guess that there's probably some demanding work schele, or social anxiety around stepping up to help for an unknown sport. She may just need a little persuading. So I try again and tug at the heartstrings. I mention the single parent with four kids running the show and I talk about the dad coaching a team that his kids aren』t even on … At this point the unwilling parent speaks up,「Alright. Yes, I』ll do it.」

由原文可知作者試圖去勸說一位女性家長。「她可能僅需要一點勸說，所以我又試了一下，並tug at the hearstrings。」後文提到作者的話術是講了其他家長的案例，這更多屬於訴諸情感。因此選項B比較符合。

如果考生仍覺得不是很有把握，也可以考慮用反向推導。這段話是作者給一位家長講其他家長的案例，並不涉及A選項的鼓勵團隊合作，也不涉及C選項的促進善行，也不涉及D選項的提供建議。

考生亦可以通過字面含義來推導。hearstrings字面義是心靈繩索。這也是偏向於感性，與B選項更為

如下：

What do the underlined words "taking on" in paragraph 4 mean?

A. learning from

B. looking down on

C. working with

D. competing against

題干問的是第4段的taking on的含義。原文第4段如下：

"China is impossible to overlook," says Hill. "Chinese models are the faces of beauty and fashion campaigns that sell dreams to women all over the world, which means Chinese women are not just consumers of fashion — they are central to its movement. "Of course, only are today's top Western designers being influenced by China-some of the best designers of contemporary fashion are themselves Chinese." Vera Wang, Alexander Wang, Jason Wu are taking on Galiano, Albaz, Marc Jacobs-and beating them hands down in design and sales," adds Hil.

原文提到中國女性對世界時尚潮流的影響力。原文出現了beating them hands down in design and sales說明是前者打敗了後者，因此這是在描述時尚競爭，D選項competing against符合文意。

如下：

What does the underlined phrase 「the water catcher」 in paragraph 2 refer to?

A. The tube.                         

B. The still.

C. The hole.                         

D. The cup.

題干問的是第2段的the water catcher的含義。原文第1、2段如下：

A build-it-yourself solar still（蒸餾器） is one of the best ways to obtain drinking water in areas where the liquid is not readily available. Developed by two doctors in the U.S. Department of Agriculture, it』s an excellent water collector. Unfortunately, you must carry the necessary equipment with you, since it』s all but impossible to find natural substitutes. The only components required, though, are a 5＇ 5＇ sheet of clear or slightly milky plastic, six feet of plastic tube, and a container— perhaps just a drinking cup — to catch the water. These pieces can be folded into a neat little pack and fastened on your belt.

    To construct a working still, use a sharp stick or rock to dig a hole four feet across and three feet deep. Try to make the hole in a damp area to increase the water catcher』s proctivity. Place your cup in the deepest part of the hole. Then lay the tube in place so that one end rests all the way in the cup and the rest of the line runs up — and out — the side of the hole.

原文講的是一種自助式蒸餾器的製作，這種蒸餾器能夠在乾旱缺少地區集水。因此water catcher其實指的就是這種能「捕捉水」的集水器，即這個蒸餾器，因此B選項符合。

大家可以在留言區寫下答案哦！

2016年普通高等學校招生全國統一考試3卷C篇第10題如下：

What does the underlined phrase 「a pipe dream」 in Paragraph 3 mean?

A. A practical idea. 

B. A vain hope.

C. A brilliant plan. 

D. A selfish desire.

原文第3段如下：

There are also varieties developed to suit specific local conditions. One of the very best varieties for eating quality is Orleans Reinette, but you'll need a warm, sheltered place with perfect soil to grow it, so it's a pipe dream for most apple lovers who fall for it.