牛津英語人文閱讀

『壹』 牛津英語分級讀物的內容簡介

《外教社--牛津英語分級讀物》是面向中國學生的一套英語系列讀物。各冊均為文學名著的簡寫本。每冊書後附有注釋，對語言重點和難點作了講解；每章配有閱讀理解練習以檢查閱讀效果，並提供練習參考答案。本系列讀物共分五級，由淺入深，書中配有生動活潑的插圖，適合中學與大學不同年級的學生和不同程度的英語自學者。本系列讀物能有效幫助讀者提高英語閱讀能力、增加詞彙量、增進對英語語法和短語的認識，還可以擴大讀者對文學名著的了解。

『貳』 初中英語教學案例反思 [牛津初中英語Unit5閱讀教學案例反思]

《義務教育英語課程標准》在附錄8技能教學參考建議中對閱讀技能3-5級的目標描述是這樣的：「樂於閱讀，基本養成閱讀興趣和良好的閱讀習慣，掌握概括大意、理解詞義、預測故事情節等基本閱讀方法，基本掌握常用閱讀策略，初步形成語感。」筆者以牛津初中英語(譯林版)8 B Unit 5 Zhalong is a special place說明文為例，探討如何在初中英語閱讀課教學中運用多種方式實施閱讀教學，提高閱讀 教學設計 的有效性，培養綜合語言運用的能力。
一、拍局教學過程
1.讀前階段
讀前活動的目的是為學生掃除生詞障礙，激發學生的閱讀動機，激活學生的背景知識和相關經驗，使學生帶著興趣和期待，自然地進入閱讀主題。
Step1：創設語境，導入生詞
(1)問題語境
利用上個單元學習過的內容，通過提問與「大熊貓」有關的問題，以舊帶新，導出生詞。
如T：Are there many giant pandas in the world now?(導出rare)
T：Sowhat should we do?(導出actively take actions)
(2)圖片語桐虛境
展示幾幅圖片，帶領學生進入新的語境「扎龍自然保護區」，導出government，red-crowned crane，wetland，tourist這幾個生詞。此設計符合初中生的認知特點，有利於學生識記詞彙的意義。
Step2：大膽預測，激活圖式
預測就是激活學生頭腦中的圖式，讓學生根據文章題目預測文章內容，激發了學生的好奇心和強烈的求知慾，學生以Zhalongis a special place為中心，發散思維，做出了Where?Why?How?Who?等豐富的預測，形成了一個關於Zhalong的初步概念圖，使學生帶著期待展開閱局賀燃讀。
2.讀中階段
讀中階段，教師既要發展學生的閱讀技能，又要理清閱讀主線，烘托閱讀重點，使閱讀任務迎刃而解。
Stepl：巧設略讀任務，突出文章主旨大意
略讀是一種快速閱讀的技巧，目的是通過快讀整篇文章，了解文章的主旨大意或段落大意。本環節讓學生略讀整篇文章後，從四個選項中選出文中談論了哪三個內容，此任務化難為易，學生很快就輕松地找出了答案。
Step2：利用圖表分步尋讀，理清文章脈絡
說明文缺乏情節，內容抽象，學生在理解上有困難。採取圖表法可使抽象的內容視覺化、具體化，它展示的內容層次分明，能幫助學生理解、組織和記憶各種信息，從而降低閱讀的難度。
(1)思維導圖
讓學生尋讀文章第一部分paragraphl&2，根據思維導圖的主幹Zhalong is a special place，仔細閱讀文章第一部分，歸納總結出枝幹部分的關鍵詞和短語，如wetlands，provide food…red-crowned cranes。思維導圖幫助學生概括了文章第一部分的主旨大意，使學生在獲取信息的過程中不斷和文本互動，提高了處理信息的能力。
(2)流程圖
文章第二部分第3&4段設計為一個流程因果圖，學生根據問題Whyare birdsin danger?閱讀文章，完成圖表後，便能清晰地獲知文章第二部分的流程和因果關系，即People change thewetlands to make more space for rams and buildings，——There will beless and less space for wildlife。——Birds are in danger because of not having enough space。這種方法能啟發學生思考，提高學生的分析能力和歸納總結的能力，並保證了閱讀的效率和質量。
(3)表格
表格的形式使第三部分第5＆6段的內容清晰、系統、有條理地展示在學生眼前，Who often／wiii go them?What do／will they do?這不僅有助於增強學生的記憶，而且有助於加深學生對知識的理解及促進良好學習習慣的培養。
3.讀後階段
Step1：電話詢問，在情境中交流合作
為學生創設一個貼近生活的情境，讓學生進行pairwork，一個學生扮演去扎龍的遊客，一個扮演遊客的朋友，通過打電話詢問扎龍的有關情況。這樣的讀後活動既能鞏固所學知識，又能使學生進行知識的內化和遷移，從而在掌握知識和技能的同時，提高綜合語言運用的能力。
Step2：角色扮演，在情境中內化運用
語言學習的最終目的是使用語言，學生需要在實踐中不斷內化已學習的內容，進一步實現從知識輸入到輸出，最終達到學會使用語言的目的。
Step3：拓展延伸，體現人文性與工具性
讀後的最後環節根據文章的思想內容和主題，對教學進行拓展和延伸，設置小組討論活動，What should and shouldn』t we do toprotect wetlands and wildlife?讓學生聯系生活，積極思考，各抒己見。使學生的心靈受到啟發，真正實現了新課程標准「工具性和人文性」的統一。
二、反思和啟示
閱讀課教學的情境創設要從學生的興趣出發，設置與學生實際生活緊密聯系的真實性情境；創設多種活動，引導學生在真實的語言情境中體驗知識、內化知識、構建知識體系，激發學生探究，合作、交流、參與的意識，促進學生綜合語言運用能力的形成和發展。
(作者單位江蘇省常州市清潭中學)

『叄』 典範英語與牛津閱讀樹的區別

一、《典範英語》是英語學習材料，《牛津閱讀樹》也是英語學習材料，還是外語學習教材。

《典範英語》（Good English）是從英國牛津大學出版社原版引進的英語母語學習材料 ，聞名英國，享譽世界。

《牛津閱讀樹》在英國是家喻戶曉的英語母語學習材料，在全球亦有一百多個國家用它作為外語學習教材。

二、作者不同。

《典範英語》的主要文字作者是羅德里克· 亨特（Roderick Hunt），插圖作者是亞歷克斯· 布里奇塔（Alex Brychta）。

《牛津閱讀樹》（Oxford Reading Tree），是英國牛津大學出版社組織多位兒童閱讀教育專家,經過二十多年不斷研究及發展而出版的閱讀教材。

三、 兩者風格特色不同。

1）《典範英語》叢書特色：理念先進，注重人文教育；符合學生心理特點和認知規律；人物活靈活現；

分級科學，涵蓋整個中小學階段；錄音標准，聲情並茂，能充分激發興趣；培養自主閱讀習慣；

語言知識不斷復現，有助於學生輕松、快樂、自然習得英語；配有詳盡注釋，注釋精確，獨具創新。

2）跟分級讀物相比，《牛津閱讀樹》具有更強的可讀性，不但數量龐大，全套極為完整，且由淺入深，文中的冒險故事趣味十足，小孩子更感興趣。

孩子閱讀《牛津閱讀樹》，像爬樹一樣拾級而上，學習到大量地道的生字、文法和不同國家的文化，建立起學習英語的信心，享受到閱讀的樂趣。

『肆』 牛津小學英語4b閱讀題30題

Miss Lin is a new teacher. She is thin. She likes lemons very much. She has some good friends: Nancy, Mike, Lily and Wang Dong. They』re her students.
Nancy has blue eyes and yellow hair. Mike is tall and thin. Lily likes oranges, Miss Lin likes oranges, too. And Wang Dong is a Chinese boy, he likes watermelons.
( )1、 Lin likes lemons.
( )2、Wang Dong is an English student.
( )3、Miss Lin is a new student. She is thin.
( )4、Wang Dong likes oranges, too.
5、Nancy is the girl with ________ ________ and _____ _______.
6、Mike is a ________ boy. He is thin.
7、Lily and Miss Lin like __________. 閱讀理解：根據短文內容，選擇正確的答案。（10分）
I usually get up at 6. o』clock. I have a cup of milk and some bread for my breakfast. Then I go to school by bike. I get to school at seven thirty and I come home at four thirty in the afternoon. I have rice and meat for my supper.
( ) 1. I get up .
A. at 6:00 B. at 7:30 C. at 7:00
( ) 2. I have breakfast .
A. at six B. before eight C. at eight
( ) 3. I go to school by .
A. bus B. bike C. car
( ) 4. I come home at .
A. 5:00 in the afternoon B. 4:30 in the afternoon
( ) 5. I have for my supper.
A. rice and meat B. rice and fish C. meat and juice
一、 閱讀短文，判斷正（√）誤（×）。（10分）
Look!This is our classroom.Let』s go and have a look. There are some flowers on the teacher』s desk.There is a blackboard on the wall.There are forty-seven students in our class,twenty-three boys and twenty-four girls.There are two English girls.Their names are Lily and Lucy. They are twins.They are ten.Our classroom is big and bright. We love it.
( )1.There is a blackboard in the classroom.
( )2.There are some flowers on the teacher』s desk.
( )3.There are forty-five students in our class.
( )4.There are three English girls.
( )5.Our classroom is big and brighth.
閱讀短文，並根據短文內容判斷所給句子是否與短文內容相符。相符的寫「T」，不相符的寫「F」。
Linda is a Chinese girl. She』s only three , but she can use chopsticks . Today Linda and her parents(父母) are having dinner in an English friend』s home . There are no chopsticks on the table . There are only some forks and spoons . The English friend teaches Linda how to use the fork and spoon . Linda is very happy to learn . Now she can eat very well .

『伍』 牛津英語七年級 期中閱讀 完形填空,閱讀理解,首字母填空都行!急需!

Seumas Mcsporran is a very b____ man. He is 60 years old and he has thirteen jobs. He is a postman, a policeman, a fireman, a taxi driver, a school-bus driver, a boatman, an ambulance man, an accountant, a petrol attendant, a barman, and an undertaker. Also, he and his wife, Margaret, have a shop and a small hotel. Seumas l_____ and works on the island of Gigha in the west of Scotland. Only 120 people live on Gigha but in s_____ 150 tourists come by b_____ every day. Every weekday Seumas gets up at six and makes b_____ for the hotel guests. At eight he drives the island』s children to s_____. At nine he collects the post from the boat and delivers it to all the houses on the island. He also delivers the beer to the island』s only pub. Then he helps Margaret in the s_____.He says:「Margaret likes being busy, too. We n_____ have holidays and we don』t like w_____ television. In the evening Margaret makes supper and I do the accounts. At ten we have a glass of wine and then we go to bed. P_____ our life isn』t very exciting, but we like it.」
1._____ 2 _____ 3 ____ 4 _____ 5 ____ 6.___ 7 ____ 8 ______ 9 ______ 10
Tim spent in a bookshop can be enjoyable. If you go to a good s________, no assistant will come near to you and say , 「Can I h______ you ?」 You needn』t buy a________ you don』t want. You may try to find out where the book you want is. But if you w_______, the assistant will lead you there and then he will go away. It seems that he is not interested i_____ selling any books at all.
There is a story which t_______ us about a good shop. A medical student found a very useful book in a shop, but it is too expensive for him to b______. He couldn』t get it from the library, e_______. So every afternoon he went there to r______ a little at a time. One day, however, he couldn』t find the book from its usual place and was leaving when he saw an assistant signing to him. To his s________, the assistant pointed to the book in a corner, 「I put it there so as not to be sold out .」 said the assistant . Then he let the student go on with his reading.
1 _____ 2 ____ 3 _____ 4 _____ 5 ____ 6 _____ 7 ____ 8 ______ 9 _____ 10 _____

(S=salesgirl; H=Han mei )
S: Good morning. Can I help you?
H: Yes. I ______ this blouse last week, but there's something wrong with it. When I _____ it, the colors ran. I can't _____ it now. I want you to _____ this blouse or give me my _____ back.
S: Let me see. Did you wash it in _____ water?
H: Of course not.
S: It ______ as if it hasn't been washed following the _______. Did you leave it in water ______ you washed it?
H: No, I didn't do that, ______. I didn't put it cold water until I washed it.
1. _____ 2. _____ 3. _____ 4. ____ 5. ____ 6. ____ 7. ____ 8. ____
9. _____ 10. ______

When you go to England you may find the traffic there is different from ours. As a f_______ (1) you must be c_______ (2) in the streets, because the traffic d______ (3) on the left. You must look to the right and then the left before you cross a street.
In the morning and in the evening when people go to or come back from work, the streets are very b______ (4). Traffic is most d_______ (5) then.
When you go by bus in England, you have to take care, too. Always r______ (6) the traffic m ______ (7) on the left. You have to t______ (8) a look first or you will go to the w_______ (9) way.
In many English cities there are big buses with two f______ (10). You can sit on the second one. From there you can see the city very well.
1. ______ 2. _____ 3. _____ 4. _____ 5. ______ 6. ________ 7. _______
8. ______ 9. ______ 10. _______

Which animal do we need m 1 ? Dogs? Horses? No! The a 2 to the question is cows. Why cows? Cows give us milk. And milk is one of our most important k 3 of food.
Suppose(假設)that all the milk cows make in one year were put i 4 bottles. And suppose these bottles were put side by side. The line of bottles would go all around the world 400 t 5 . That is a lot of milk, less than half of it is used for d 6 and cooking. Most of it is u7 to make butter cheese, ice cream and many other things. It takes many cows to give us that m 8 milk. But not as many as it used to. A cow used to give only about 1,500 quarts(誇脫)of milk a year. Now a fine cow may g 9 more than 3,000 quarts in a year.
Why do cows give more milk today? Now farmers have better cows. The cows get better c 10 and better food.
1. m_______ 2. a______ 3. k_______ 4. i_____ 5. t________
6. d_____ 7. u______ 8. m_______ 9. g______ 10. c________

Here』s a part of an e-mail answer from Joe giving some advice to his son in college. 「When I was young, I often met t_________ (1) about what to do and what not to do. My grandmother told me not to worry about those things. I o________ (2) did them once a year or once a lifetime. I________ (3), I should try to do well those things, and I do them every day. For example, I need to eat every day, so I should learn how to c________ (4). I need to talk to o________ (5) every day, so I should learn how to work with d ________ (6) people and know how to s ________ (7) well. I walk every day, so my s _______(8) should be all right and comfortable. Every night I sleep, so my bed should let me have a good rest. Taking care of the e_________ (9) things m________ (10) that you do a better job of the one in a lifetime things as well.」
1.________ 2. __________ 3.___________ 4. ___________
5 . ______________6.________ 7. __________ 8.___________
9. ___________ 10 . ______________

Let me tell you a story. A good friend of mine lives with six hundred animals on an island. Ever s___1___ he left school, he has travelled all over the world l___2___ for animals for his own zoo. He writes books about his travels, and about his wonderful a___3___. The money for his books helps him to p___4____ for all the animal food. My friend told me that when he was looking for water last week (There is not enough water on the island, though there is a lot all around it ), he f___5___ oil. He n___6___ money for his travels and for his zoo, and a little oil would buy e___7___ water for a long time, but he knows that if he tells anybody else about it, it will be the e___8___ of his zoo and his life』s work. So I think he will not tell anybody e ___9___ you and me about what he found — because oil and water can』t be p___10___ together. Oil may bring greater trouble to his animals than not having enough water. Do you think so?
1. _____ 2. ____ 3. _____ 4. _____ 5. _____ 6. _____7. _____ 8. ______
9. ______ 10. _____

Can animals be made to work for people? Some scientists think that one day animals may be trained to do a number of simple jobs i_________ (1) of people. They say that at a circus (雜技場), for e__________(2), we may see elephants, monkeys, dogs and other animals doing q ________(3) skillful things. Perhaps you have seen them on the television or in a film. If you watch closely , you may find that the trainer (馴獸員)always g ________(4) the animal some sugar o r a piece of fruit as a reward. The scientists say that many d_________ (5) animals may be trained to do a lot of simple things if they know they will get a reward f________ (6) doing that.
Of course, as we know, dogs can be trained to l__________(7) after a house, and soldiers in both old and modern t __________(8) have used geese to give warning (警報) by m _________(9) a lot of noise when an enemy comes near. And also it may be possible to train animals to work in families or f ____________ (10).
1.______ 2.______ 3. ______ 4 .______ 5. ______ 6._______ 7.______
8. ______ 9.________ 10. _______

KEYS: 1. busy 2. lives 3. summer 4. boat 5. breakfast 6. school 7. shop 8. never 9. watching 10. Perhaps
KEYS: store, help, anything, want, in, tells, buy, either , read, surprise
KEYS: bought, washed, wear, change, money, hot, looks/seems, instruction(s), before, either, KEYS:
1. foreigner 2. careful 3. drives 4. busy 5. dangerous 6. remember
7. moves 8. take 9. wrong 10. floors
KEYS:
1. most 2. answer 3. kinds 4. into 5. times 6. drinking 7. used 8. much
9. give 10. care
KEYS:
1. trouble(s) 2. only 3. Instead 4. cook 5. others 6. different 7. speak
8. shoes 9. everyday 10. means
KEYS: 1. since 2. looking 3. animals 4.pay 5. found 6. needs
7. enough 8. end 9. except 10. put
KEYS: 1. instead 2. example 3. quite 4.gives 5. different 6. for
7. look 8. times 9. making 10. factories

『陸』 該如何選擇RAZ、I Can Read、培生、海尼曼、牛津閱讀樹五大分級讀物！

小朋友們開始英語啟蒙，家長們首選工具一般都是啟蒙繪本，分級讀物的作用往往會被忽視，但是分級讀物的作用在英語學習上不容小覷。

分級閱讀（Leveled book）是根據孩子不同年齡段及不同學習水平，為他們提供適合的閱讀內容和閱讀計劃，按照難易度區分級別，有完整的體系性。

目前，市面上有很多英語分級讀物，比如牛津閱讀樹、I Can Read、蘭登、培生、RAZ、大貓、海尼曼......

內容很多，該怎麼去挑選呢？今天，小魚選出了五大分級讀物，給大家了解一下各自的優缺點。

所有的分級讀物都是以閱讀能力的提升為最終目標，即詞彙量的增加以及閱讀理解能力的提升。

分級讀物根據循序漸進的規律，等級由低到高，詞彙由易到難，句子由短到長，情節由簡單到復雜。從親子閱讀逐步過渡到自主閱讀，在培養孩子語言能力的同時，逐步擴展到知識面的擴充，以提高孩子的閱讀的興趣為主，最終實現自主閱讀。

Reading A-Z是目前市面上最流行的分級讀物之一，在美國，有一萬多所公立學校選擇這套分級閱讀工具作為教學輔助資源使用。

RAZ源於北美發達國家，權威性高，曾榮獲教育界諾貝爾獎Codie等多項國際獎項，覆蓋全球超過155個國家，近700萬學生使用。

RAZ從aa到Z系列一共有29個級別，目前已有2000本讀物，難易程度覆蓋了美國幼兒園的A級一直升到美國小學畢業的Z級，還包括零基礎的aa級（看圖識詞）。

1.體系性強，明確分級

RAZ分級明確從aa開始，然後A,B,C,D直到Z。隨著字母的級別逐漸提升難度，但是每個級別的難度提升不會很明顯，每次升級不會有很大的差異感，比較好適應。

不同的級別對應美國不同的年級層次，AA-C級別對應幼兒園階段， D-J級別對應美國小學一年級，K-P級別對應美國小學二年級，Q-T級別對應美國小學三年級，U-W級別對應美國小學四年級，X-Z級別對應美國小學五六年級（相當於國內高中畢業）。完整學完，詞彙量積累能達到1.7萬，相當於美國小學畢業、國內英語四六級的閱讀能力水平。

2.內容豐富，擴展面廣

內容設計上，除了常見的童話故事外，RAZ里也有豐富的科普內容，覆蓋歷史、科學、自然、地理、傳記等內容。

RAZ官網伺服器是在美國，所以在國內使用時網速會比較慢，使用起來不是特別靈活。國內引進的資源和書相對原版來說內容會少一些，而且有些書的內容和原版的有差異。

I CAN Read 系列來自美國著名出版社Harper Collins，從My First至Level 4共分為5個級別，共200多本，每個級別針對不同閱讀能力的小朋友。

My First適合剛剛接觸英語閱讀的孩子；Level1的句子相對簡單，適合英語學齡1年的孩子；Level2更加註重文字的變化，適合英語學齡1-3的孩子，閱讀的部分內容還需要大人的幫助；Level3的情節逐漸復雜，孩子可以自主選擇感興趣的主題進行閱讀，適合英語學齡2-4的孩子；Level4適合英語學齡3年以上的孩子，孩子對閱讀已經有濃厚的興趣，能自主選擇感興趣的內容進行獨立閱讀。

I Can Read邀請了許多知名作家進行創作，很多圖書都獲得過紐伯瑞、凱迪克大獎。所有系列均為Fiction故事類，故事主角都是深受孩子喜愛的形象，不同性別、性格的孩子都能找到適合自己的主題。

不同的作者分別創作，I Can Read的難度的分布相對來說不如RAZ那麼科學，有些書的分級不是特別嚴格。

培生英語分級讀物來自著名的英國培生出版集團，由全球頂級的英語教育專家撰寫。國內引進出版的有《培生幼兒英語》和《培生兒童英語》。

《培生幼兒英語》分為預備級、基本級和提高級，共101本8CD；《培生兒童英語》共12級，一共156本，1-6級屬於故事書，7-9級屬於橋梁書，10-12級文字更多，圖更少。

價格比較實惠，故事類型多，小朋友讀起來不會枯燥。

難度跨度大，進階不平滑，更適合一定閱讀基礎的小朋友進階閱讀使用。

海尼曼（Heinemann）這套分級讀物的圖片大多使用的是真實照片、真人真事，裡面的內容豐富涉及廣泛。

海尼曼這套分級讀物分為GK、G1和G2三個級別298本。GK共70本，適合零基礎；G1共110本，適合幼兒園至一年級；G2共118本，適合一年級至三年級，每個級別過渡進階平緩，適合低幼啟蒙

優點：

畫風寫實，內容從自然科學、人文到人物、地理等均有涉及，分類均勻，彌補了英語分級閱讀物種網路類的缺失。

缺點：

這套書國內目前還沒有引進版，大部分圖片使用的是真實照片，低年齡的小朋友可能會覺得趣味性較低。

牛津閱讀樹是分級讀物里的明星教材。針對以英語為母語的學齡前及小學孩子培養閱讀興趣的寓教於樂的閱讀教材，也是英國小學使用最為廣泛的閱讀材料。

牛津閱讀樹的體系非常完整，且書目數量龐大，不管哪個年齡段的孩子都能找到自己適合的內容，

唯一算的上缺點的只能是，國內市面上版本很多，讓人眼花繚亂，比如原裝進口版、國內引進版《典範英語》，以及外研社的「麗聲系列」。

市面上的分級讀物還有很多，這么多的分級讀物各有各的優勢和特色，沒有任何一套能完勝其他家。家長們最好是選擇孩子感興趣的一套分級讀物作為主幹重點閱讀，備選1-2套分級讀物作為擴展閱讀的材料，相輔相成學習才能讓孩子的閱讀興趣更加持久。

『柒』 牛津閱讀樹主要講的是什麼內容

牛津閱讀樹故事主要圍繞一個家庭，包括爸爸媽媽Mum and Dad、家裡的幾個孩子專Biff, Chip and Kipper、一隻寵物狗Floppy、孩子們的同屬學、朋友、老師和很多其他角色展開。
 
故事場景和主題都非常豐富，主題包括non-fiction（非虛構）和fiction（虛構）二類，場景包括家裡，學校，生活的小鎮等。圍繞的話題有家庭、學校、環保、地理歷史這些貼近生活的內容，幾乎包括了孩子生活中的所有場景，同時對於想了解英國的簡單歷史和重要人物和建築等也是個非常好的素材。
 
孩寶小鎮牛津閱讀樹有點讀版，孩子可以藉助毛毛蟲點讀筆，跟著這一家人去發現那些有趣的故事。