英語閱讀女性工作
你好 翻譯如下
The stereotype of puter scientists as persons who stay up all night working and have no social life may be driving women away from the field. This stereotype can be brought to mind based only on the appearance of the environment in a classroom or an office.
譯：那些老套的通宵工作並且沒有社交生活的電腦科學家的形象,可能正使女性們遠離這個領域（計算機科學領域）.而且,這些老套的形象,很可能僅僅由一個教師或辦公室的表面環境而被帶入腦中.
附：stereotype n. 鉛版, 老套, 陳腔濫調
例句:
He doesn't conform to the usual stereotype of the city busines *** an with a dark suit and rolled
umbrella.
他不像典型的城市商人那樣,穿一身深色的套服、 帶一把收好的雨傘.
drive 這里做"驅趕,趕走"
例句：He drove the sheep up the hill. 他把羊群往山上趕.
"When people think of puter science the image that immediately pops into many of their minds is of the puter geek surrounded by such things as puter games, science fiction memorabilia and junk food," said Sapna Cheryan, a professor of psychology. Such objects help create what Cheryan calls ambient belonging, or the feeling that you fit or don't fit in somewhere.
譯：「當人們一想到計算機科學,那些被電腦游戲、科幻小說紀念品以及垃圾食物所包圍的計算機狂人的形象就會立馬在腦海中出現.」心理學教授Sapna Cheryan如是說道.這些物品幫助創造出了Cheryan稱之的"周遭所有物"或者你適合或不適合某個地方的感覺.
附： pop into 急急走進 ...
例句:
An idea popped into his mind like a flash.
他頭腦里突然閃過一個念頭.
A new idea popped into my mind like a flash.
我腦子里突然閃現出一個新的想法.
surround vt.包圍, 環繞
n.環繞物
例句:
Troops have surrounded the town.
部隊已將該城包圍.
The house was surrounded by high walls.
房子的四周有高牆.
psychology n. 心理學, 心理狀態
memorabilia n. 值得紀念的事物; 重要記事
ambient adj.周圍的, 氛圍的
n.環境
例句:
Ambient sound; ambient air.
四周的聲音; 周圍的空氣
fit in 適合, 適應, 融入（群體）, 裝配好
例句:
Do these plans fit in with your arrangements?
這些計畫與你的安排一致嗎?
They fit in there.
他們在那裡很合適.
"It is the sense you get right away when you walk into a room. You look at the objects and make an instant appraisal of how you would fit with the objects and the people who are typically found in that environment. You also make a judgment of 'I like it here' or 'I don't belong here,'" she said
譯：「那就是當你走進一個房間立馬得到的感覺.你查看（周圍的）物體,並對你自己是否適應這個地方以及這個地方通常所可能出現的人做了一個快速的評估.你還會做出一個判斷「我喜歡這」或「我不屬於這」,」她說道
附：right away 立刻; 馬上 instant adj. 立即的, 即時的
appraisal n.估計, 評估
例句：All events have proved our appraisal to be correct.
一切事實都證明,我們估計得正確.
A forthright appraisal; forthright critici *** .
直率的評價; 直言不諱的批評
judgment n. 審判; 判決; 裁判; 判斷
Cheryan set up four experiments to look at possible reasons why the proportion of women in the field is dropping.In the first experiment, students entered a *** all classroom that either contained objects stereotypically associated with puter science such as Star Trek posters, video game boxes and Coke cans, or non-stereotypical items such as nature posters, art, a dictionary and coffee mugs.
譯：Cheryan 設置了四個實驗以探尋女性工作者在計算機科學領域比例下降的可能原因.在第一個實驗中,學生們進入一個小房間,這個小房間要麼含有諸如《星際迷航》海報、視頻游戲盒和可樂罐等與老套的電腦科學狂人相關的物品,要麼含有非老套的物品諸如自然海報、藝術品、一部字典或咖啡杯等.
附：proportion n. 比例, 部份, 均衡
例句:
Her head is out of proportion to the size of her body.
她的頭部與身體大小不成比例.
associated adj.相關的 mug n.杯, 一杯的量
Women who saw the stereotypical setup expressed less interest in puter science than those who saw the non-stereotypical objects. Men placed in the same situations did not show a similar drop in interest in puter science. Cheryan said this study suggests that a student's choice of classes or a major can be influenced by the appearance of classrooms, halls and offices.
譯：看到老套環境的女性,對計算機科學表現出的興趣要少於那些看到非老套物品的女性.而在相同情況下的男性卻並未相似的失去興趣.Cheryan 稱這項研究表明學生們對於其課程或專業的選擇可能受到相關教室、走廊和辦公室環境的影響.
附：major n. 主修,專業
influence n./v. 影響; 改變
例句:
His parents no longer have any real influence over him.
他的父母對他不再有任何真正的約束力了.
Don't let me influence your decision.
不要讓我影響你的決定.
"We want to attract more people to puter science. We need to broaden the image of the field so both women and men feel more wele. In workplaces and universities we can do this by changing the way offices, hallways and labs look. It would be nice for puter scientists in movies and television to be typical people, not only puter geeks."
譯：「我們想要吸引更多的人來到計算機科學領域.我們需要使此領域的形象變得更為寬廣,讓女性和男性一樣感到受歡迎.在工作場所和大學中,我們可以通過改變辦公室、走廊以及實驗室的外觀來達到這個目的.電影和電視節目中的計算機科學家要都是正常點的而非計算機怪人那就更好了」
附：broaden
v.變寬, 擴大, 開闊
例句:
Our country has been trying to broaden its merce with other nations.
我國一直在努力擴大與其他國家的貿易往來.
He (ie His body) broadened out in his twenties.
他二十多歲時身軀變寬了.
You should broaden your experience by travelling more.
你應該多到各地走走以增廣見識.
workplace n. 工作場所 typical adj. 典型的, 有代表性的, 特有的, 獨特的
geek n.反常人,電腦迷,怪胎
㈡ 初一英語美文短篇
美文助讀式教學的模式,是一種高效率的實用的教學模式。所謂美文,就是發表在報刊上的關於某篇課文的精美的賞析性短文或者教師自己撰寫的此類文章。我整理了初一短篇英語美文，歡迎閱讀!
初一短篇英語美文篇一
Women in Colonial North America
The status of women in colonial North America has been well studied and described and can bebriefly summarized. Throughout the colonial period there was a marked shortage of women,which varied with the regions and was always greatest in the frontier areas. This favorableratio enhanced women's status and position and allowed them to pursue different careers.
The Puritans, the religious sect that dominated the early british colonies in North America,regarded idleness as a sin, and believed that life in an underdeveloped country made itabsolutely necessary that each member of the community perform an economic function.
Thus work for women, married or single, was not only approved, it was regarded as a civic ty.Puritan town councils expected idows and unattached women to be self supporting and for along time provided needy spinsters with parcels of land. There was no social sanction againstmarried women working; on the contrary, wives were expected to help their husbands in theirtrade and won social approval for doing extra work in or out of the home. Needy children, girlsas well as boys, were indentured or apprenticed and were expected to work for their keep.
The vast majority of women worked within their homes, where their labor proced mostarticles needed for the family. The entire colonial proction of cloth and clothing and partiallythat of shoes was in the hands of women. In addition to these occupations, women werefound in many different kinds of employment. They were butchers, silversmiths, gunsmiths anpholsterers. They ran mills, plantations, tanyards, shipyards, and every kind of shop, tavern,and boardinghouse. They were gatekeepers, jail keepers, sextons, journalists, printers,apothecaries, midwives, nurses, and teachers.
北美殖民時期的婦女
北美殖民時期女性的社會地位曾得到過深入研究和描述，並可簡短概括。 整個殖民時期，女性人數明顯不足，各地情況不盡相同，在邊遠地區尤其缺少。 這種對女性有利的比例提高了她們的社會地位和職位，使她們能追求不同的事業。 清教徒是早期英屬殖民地的宗教主流。 它視懶惰為犯罪，認為在不發達農村社區的每一個成員都必須發揮經濟作用。 所以已婚或單身女性工作不僅是許可的，而且被認為是公民的義務。 清教徒的鎮議會認為寡婦和未婚女性也應該自食其力，而且在相當長一段時期里，向貧困的老而未婚的女子提供土地。 社會不反對已婚婦女工作;相反，要求她們幫助丈夫從事他們的行當。在家庭內外做額外勞動的妻子們會得到社會的贊同。貧困的兒童，女孩和男孩一樣，也要簽師徒契約做學徒，想保住這個生計就要工作。 絕大多數女性在家庭里勞動，生產大部分家用必需品。 殖民時期全部的布料和衣服以及一部分的鞋都出自女性的雙手。 除了從事這些職業，婦女也從事許多不同類型的職業，如做屠夫、鐵匠、軍械工和傢俱修理工。 她們經營手工作坊、種植園、製革場、造船廠和各類商店、小旅館和供膳寄宿處。 她們當守門人或獄卒，教堂司事、記者、印刷工、葯劑師、助產士、護士和教師。
初一短篇英語美文篇二
The Definition of "Price"
Prices determine how resources are to be used. They are also the means by which proctsand services that are in limited supply are rationed among buyers. The price system of theUnited States is a complex network composed of the prices of all the procts bought andsold in the economy as well as those of a myriad of services, including labor, professional,transportation, and public-utility services. The interrelationships of all these prices make upthe "system" of prices. The price of any particular proct or service is linked to a broad,complicated system of prices in which everything seems to depend more or less uponeverything else. If one were to ask a group of randomly selected indivials to define "price",many would reply that price is an amount of money paid by the buyer to the seller of a proctor service or, in other words, that price is the money value of a proct or service as agreepon in a market transaction. This definition is, of course, valid as far as it goes. For acomplete understanding of a price in any particular transaction, much more than the amountof money involved must be known. Both the buyer and the seller should be familiar with notonly the money amount, but with the amount and quality of the proct or service to beexchanged, the time and place at which the exchange will take place and payment will bemade, the form of money to be used, the credit terms and discounts that apply to thetransaction, guarantees on the proct or service, delivery terms, return privileges, and otherfactors. In other words, both buyer and seller should be fully aware of all the factors thatcomprise the total "package" being exchanged for the asked-for amount of money in order thatthey may evaluate a given price.
初一短篇英語美文篇三
The Beginning of Drama
There are many theories about the beginning of drama in ancient Greece. The one most widelyaccepted today is based on the assumption that drama evolved from ritual. The argument forthis view goes as follows. In the beginning, human beings viewed the natural forces of the world- even the seasonal changes - as unpredictable, and they sought through various means tocontrol these unknown and feared powers. Those measures which appeared to bring thedesired results were then retained and repeated until they hardened into fixed rituals. Eventuallystories arose which explained or veiled the mysteries of the rites. As time passed some ritualswere abandoned, but the stories, later called myths, persisted and provided material for art anddrama.
Those who believe that drama evolved out of ritual also argue that those rites contained theseed of theater because music, dance, masks, and costumes were almost always used.Furthermore, a suitable site had to be provided for performances and when the entirecommunity did not participate, a clear division was usually made between the "acting area"and the "auditorium." In addition, there were performers, and, since considerable importancewas attached to avoiding mistakes in the enactment of rites, religious leaders usually assumedthat task. Wearing masks and costumes, they often impersonated other people, animals, orsupernatural beings, and mimed the desired effect -- success in hunt or battle, the comingrain, the revival of the Sun -- as an actor might. Eventually such dramatic representations wereseparated from religious activities.
Another theory traces the theater's origin from the human interest in storytelling. According tothis view tales (about the hunt, war, or other feats) are graally elaborated, at first throughthe use of impersonation, action, and dialogue by a narrator and then through theassumption of each of the roles by a different person. A closely related theory traces theaterto those dances that are primarily rhythmical and gymnastic or that are imitations of animalmovements and sounds.
戲劇的起源
關於古希臘戲劇的起源存在著多種理論，其中一個最普遍為人接受的理論假設認為戲劇從儀式演化而來。 這個觀點是這樣進行論證的：一開始，人類把世界上的自然力量，甚至季節的變化都看成是不可預料的。 他們試圖通過各種方式去控制這些未知的、令人恐懼的力量。 那些似乎帶來了滿意結果的手段就被保留下來並且重復直到這些手段固化為不變的儀式，最後產生了能夠解釋或者掩蓋這些儀式神秘性的故事。 隨著時間的推移，一些儀式被廢棄了，但這些後來被稱作神話的故事流傳下來並且為藝術和戲劇提供了素材。
認為戲劇從儀式演化而來的人們還認為那些儀式包含了戲劇的基本因素，因為音樂、舞蹈、面具和服裝幾乎經常被使用，而且，必須為演出提供一個合適的地點;如果不是整個社區共同參加演出，經常在"演出區"和"觀眾席"之間劃分出明顯的分界。 另外，儀式中還有演員，而且宗教領袖通常承擔演出任務，因為在儀式的執行中避免錯誤的發生被認為有相當大的重要性;他們經常帶著面具，穿著服裝象演員那樣扮演其它人、動物或超自然的生靈，用動作來表演以達到所需要的效果，比如打獵的成功或戰斗的勝利、將至的雨、太陽的復活。 最後這些戲劇性的表演從宗教活動中分離了出來。 另一個追溯戲劇起源的理論認為它來自人們對敘述故事的興趣。 根據這個觀點，故事(關於狩獵、戰爭或者其它偉績)是逐漸豐富起來的。 首先通過一個講解人來運用模仿、表演和對話，然後再由不同的人扮演各自的角色;另一個與之緊密相關的理論將戲劇的起源追溯至舞蹈，這些舞蹈大體上是有節奏感的和體操式的那一類，或者是對動物動作和聲音的模仿。
㈢ 適合女性閱讀的7本英文書
導語：隨著三八國際婦女節的臨近，職場女性如何自我發展並平衡工作與家庭生活成為近期大家討論的熱點之一。我整理了適合女性閱讀的7本英文書推薦，希望大家喜歡。
1.'The Time Traveler's Wife' by Audrey Niffenegger
1.《時光旅行者的妻子》奧黛麗·尼芬格
The story of Henry, who involuntarily travels through time, and Clare, the woman who loves him for almost her entire life. This love story will draw you in and make you want to go back and read parts of the novel again and again.
男主亨利自小患慢性時間錯位症，但女主克萊爾深愛亨利一生。這部愛情小說引人入勝，令人不禁一遍遍重溫。
2.'The Secret Life of Bees' by Sue Monk Kidd
2.《蜜蜂的秘密生活》蘇·蒙克基德
Set in the South ring the 1960s, this coming of age story deals with race, love and Lily Owen's search for a connection with her mother who died when she was young. It's an especially good summer read, when you can imagine sipping Coke on a porch and smelling jasmine.
故事背景設定在20世紀六十年代的羅萊納州南部小鎮，講述了種族歧視、人間真情以及莉莉·歐文探尋幼時離世的母親死亡秘密的故事。這是一本極好的夏日讀物，可以一邊在走廊里閱讀，一邊啜著可樂、嗅著花香。
3.'The Blood of Flowers' by Anita Amirrezvani
3.《花之血》安妮塔·阿米瑞瓦尼
Anita Amirrezvani's debut novel,The Blood of Flowers, tells the story of a young woman in 17th-century Iran with a passion for knotting rugs. Her life is thrown into an uproar when her father dies, and she and her mother must depend on the kindness of wealthy relatives and hope that the young woman finds a wealthy husband. The Blood of Flowers is superbly written and a moving story, sure to entrance readers.
《花之血》是安妮塔·阿米瑞瓦尼的處女作，講述了一名生活在十七世紀，熱衷於織毯的伊朗女孩的故事。父親意外去世以後，女主人公的生活發生了翻天覆地的變化。她和母親不得不依靠富裕親戚的接濟，因此全家人都希望女主能嫁個有錢人。《花之血》文筆流暢，情感動人，引人入勝。
4.'Midwives' by Chris Bohjalian
4.《助產士》克里斯·波傑利安
This Oprah Book Club pick tells about a midwife on trial for manslaughter after a home delivery goes wrong. Told from the viewpoint of the midwife's daughter, this mystery deals with love, family, birth and death as the family works through the consequences of one tragic night.
奧普拉讀書俱樂部曾講述過這個故事，一位助產士因接生失誤致人死亡而接受審判。全書以助產士女兒的視角闡述了一部悲劇過後，有關愛情、家庭、生死的故事。
5. 'Divine Secrets of the Ya-Ya Sisterhood: A Novel' by Rebecca Wells
5.《丫丫姐妹會的神聖秘密》瑞貝卡·威爾斯
It is a beautiful story of one woman's quest to reconcile with and understand her mother by delving into the secrets contained in her sisterhood notebook. This Southern story will make you laugh and cry.
這部小說講述了一個動人故事。女兒試圖從姐妹的日記中了解母親的秘密，以便能緩和與母親的'緊張關系，深入了解母親。這部南方小說既讓人笑又讓人哭。
6.'The Splendor of Silence' by In Sundaresan
6.《靜謐之光》櫻杜·桑妲蕾森
Splendor of Silenceis the story of a young woman and the secretive American soldier she meets in India. It is romantic and passionate but doesn’t shy away from the harsh realities of life under British rule. The author, In Sundaresan, skillfully weaves romance with historical fiction, making for a satisfying, poignant and highly-recommended read.
《靜謐之光》全書圍繞一位年輕女人與其在印度邂逅的秘密的美國士兵而展開。這部小說浪漫又不失激情。此外，作者並不迴避英國統治之下殘酷的社會現實。該書作者櫻杜·桑妲蕾森以羅曼史筆法寫歷史綺情，其作品精彩絕倫，鞭辟入裡，強烈推薦閱讀。
7.Angry Housewives Eating Bon Bons' by Lorna Landvik
7.《憤怒的主婦吃糖糖》洛娜·馬克
Angry Housewives Eating Bons Bons by Lorna Landvikis the story of five women in a book club in Minnesota from 1968 to 1998. They support each other through good and bad, finding a lifeline in their friendships.
該書講述了1968年至1998年間，美國明尼蘇達州一讀書俱樂部里五位女性的故事。她們榮辱與共，相互支持，從友誼中汲取生命的力量。
㈣ 英文閱讀：愛打扮的女人掙得更多
英文閱讀：愛打扮的女人掙得更多
想要學好英語閱讀怎能不經常閱讀英語短文呢?下面我就為大家推薦一下。
There's a scene in the 2006 movie "The Devil Wears Prada" where Anne Hathaway's character, Andrea Sachs, gets a makeover that literally makes her better at her job.
2006年上映的電影《穿普拉達的女魔頭》中有一個場景，安妮•海瑟薇扮演的安德莉亞•薩克斯因為精心打扮而改頭換面，從而在工作上有了更出色的表現。
A trip to the fashion closet and the beauty department at Runway, the film's thinly veiled stand-in for Vogue magazine, transforms Andy from an ugly-ckling failure of a second assistant to the beautiful, capable confidante of the magazine's formidable editor, Miranda Priestly.
在電影中，安迪(安德莉亞的昵稱)去了趟Runway公司的時裝衣帽間和美容產品區，就擺脫了失敗的丑小鴨形象，從一個二級助理變成了雜志社人人敬畏的米橡團攜蘭達•普利斯特利主編身邊美麗、能乾的貼身助手。電影中的Runway公司影射的是《Vogue》雜志社。
The scene is a pivotal moment in the plot — looking good is part of the job at a fashion magazine, after all — but it also nicely illustrates the real-life fact that when women in any profession spend more time on their appearances, it actually does cause people to take them more seriously.
這一幕場景是故事的轉折點——畢竟，美麗的外表是在時尚雜志工作的一部分，但是它也恰好說明一個事實：在真實生活中，無論女人從事何種職業，如果她們多花一些時間打理外表或散，別人就會更認真地對待她們。
That's according to a new study from sociologists Jacyln Wong at the University of Chicago and Andrew Penner at the University of California, Irvine, who found that attractiveness is a key factor in how well young professionals between the ages of 24 and 32 do at work.
此結論來源於兩位社會學家做的一項新研究。來自芝加哥大學的傑克琳•王和來自加利福梁伏尼亞大學歐文分校的安德魯•彭納發現，魅力是影響24到32歲年輕職場人士工作表現的關鍵因素。
Wong and Penner's work, which will appear in the June issue of the journal Research in Social Stratification and Mobility, found that attractiveness helps both men and women at work — but not in the same ways.
王和彭納的這項研究將發表在《社會分層與流動研究》6月刊上，這份研究發現，魅力對男人和女人的工作都有很大幫助，但方式不同。
While a man can realize some professional benefits from being naturally attractive, for a woman it depends almost entirely on how much effort she puts into makeup, grooming and other efforts to look good.
男人靠天生的'漂亮面孔就能獲得職場優勢，但對女人來說，要獲得這一職場優勢幾乎全靠在化妝品、打扮和其它方面下工夫。
Research shows that attractive people have an easier time getting hired, get better performance reviews, are promoted more often and make more money than their less attractive counterparts. What Wong and Penner found is that being considered attractive enough to command a wage premium at work doesn't necessarily require perfect bone structure.
研究顯示，長相漂亮的人比長相一般的人更容易得到工作機會、業績評估更高、升職更頻繁、掙的錢更多。王和彭納還發現，獲得薪水優勢所需的魅力並不一定非要天生麗質不可。
Job status is often affected by the amount of time a person spends getting ready in the morning. And this is especially true for women.
一個人的職位通常受早晨打扮時間長短的影響。對女人尤其如此。
"Although appearance and grooming have become increasingly important to men, beauty work continues to be more salient for women because of cultural double standards with very strict prescriptions for women," the paper says.
論文中說，“盡管外貌和打扮對男人也越來越重要，但打扮對女人的重要性依然更加顯著，因為社會文化對女人有雙重標准，對她們的要求很嚴苛。”
For women, the premium they make for looking good at work is almost entirely explained by how well-groomed they are. For men, it has a little to do with grooming and a little to do with being naturally good-looking.
對女人來說，憑借外貌所取得的工作優勢幾乎全部依賴於她們打扮得有多精心。對男人來說，這種工作優勢和打扮有點關系，和天生長得好看也有點關系。
"This really highlights how much work that women have to do to be considered attractive," Wong told The Huffington Post.
王對《赫芬頓郵報》說：“這項研究突出強調，為增加自己在別人心目中的魅力，女人要付出多少努力。”
For women, attractiveness is about performance, Prenner told HuffPost. "The economic returns aren't being given to people who have a certain kind of body, but rather to people who present their bodies in a certain kind of way," he said. "Attractiveness is not something that you have, but something that you do."
對女人來說，魅力就代表業績，彭納對《赫芬頓郵報》說道。“經濟回報並不會給那些擁有某種身體條件的人，而是給那些能以某種方式呈現身體條件的人，”他說。“魅力不是你天生擁有的，而是你創造出來的。”
So I guess it's time for me to go reapply my mascara.
所以，我想我該再塗一次睫毛膏了。
Vocabulary
makeover: 裝扮;革新
groom: 打扮
mascara: 睫毛膏
;㈤ 英語閱讀理解裡面有紀念女性對社會貢獻很多
Women have made great contribution to the development in politicy,but they are still facing various forms of ***- discrimination.In politics,they are undergoing boring trifles which could make differences between victory and defeat,but chance for them to promote a higher position is slim while men could always get credited.In economy,vast majority of women usually get a lower-paid and impromising job.Though at the same position,men are outpaid women forever.However,many people would rather take it as the consequence of diversity in social division of labor than ***-discrimination.Many American women are even content to be inferior citizens in socity.Therefore,it is a long and tough way to go before American women earn real equality. 現代社會中的女性
婦女對現代社會的發展作出了重要貢獻，但她們卻一直受到各種形式的性別歧視。在政治上，她們做的是那些乏味卻有決定選舉勝負的瑣碎事，很少有機會升到高層職位，得到好處的是男人。經濟上，大部分婦女做的是那些工資低和沒有前途的工作，她們的工資也永遠低於做同樣工作的男人。很多人不承認這是歧視婦女，說這只是社會分工的不同。很多婦女甚至也滿足於自己作為次等公民的角色。所以婦女要獲得真正,