高考英語閱讀理解中的科幻篇

㈠ 高考英語科幻小說推薦

同學我通過了上海高級口譯，我的經驗應該還是有參考價值的。所謂「直面高考的英文科幻小說」是沒有這種東西存在的。經典的科幻小說多會提凡爾納的作品，《海底兩萬里》《八十天環游地球》等。另外我不是很懂你讀的是什麼班，一般很少要求看科幻小說的；因為科幻小說專有名詞太多，這些單詞大都又難記使用頻率也低，對高考沒什麼大用處。而且看英文原版小說對英文綜合能力要求很高，像你的水平硬要去看，只會吃力不討好，進步慢且勞心勞力，高二了也耗不起這個時間。我的建議是：你如果需要增加科技方面的詞彙，找這方面的報刊來看，新聞、科普介紹短文都行。還有，我認為最有效的應付高考英文作文的方法是，找一本高考作文範文、模板方面的書（要盡量新一點的和你們現在的題型類似的，不然就白背了）每種文體、每種題材等的範文都下苦功背個一兩篇，高考怎麼考都不怕。這是我的經驗談，希望能幫上忙。

㈡ 2020年高考英語北京卷 - 閱讀理解D

Certain forms of AI are indeed becoming ubiquitous. For example, algorithms carry out huge volumes of trading on our financial markets, self-driving cars are appearing on city streets, and our smartphones are translating from one language into another. These systems are sometimes faster and more perceptive than we humans are. But so far that is only true for the specific tasks for which the systems have been designed. That is something that some AI developers are now eager to change.
某些形式的AI （人工智慧）確實正變得無處不在。例如，金融市場上進行大量交易的演算法，出現在城市街道上的自動駕駛汽車，智能手機將一種語言翻譯成另一種語言。這些系統有時比我們人類更快、更敏銳。但到目前為止，這些只適用於系統所設計的特定任務，一些AI開發者正在期待改變。

Some of today's AI pioneers want to move on from today's world of 「weak」 or 「narrow」 AI, to create 「strong」 or 「full」 AI, or what is often called artificial general intelligence (A GI). In some respects, today's powerful computing machines already make our brains look weak. A GI could, its advocates say, work for us around the clock, and drawing on all available data, could suggest solutions to many problems. DM, a company focused on the development of A GI, has an ambition to 「solve intelligence」. 「If we're successful,」 their mission statement reads, 「we believe this will be one of the most important and widely beneficial scientific advances ever made.」
當代一些AI先驅希望從今天的「弱」或「窄」的AI世界中走出來，創造「強」或「全」的AI，也就是通常所說的A GI（人工通用智能）。在某些方面，今天強大的計算機已經讓我們的大腦看起來很弱。A GI的支持者認為A GI可以24小時為我們工作，利用所有可用的數據，可以為許多問題提供解決方案。DM是一家專注於A GI開發的公司，有著「解決智能問題」的雄心。「如果我們成功了，」他們的任務聲明寫道，「我們相信這將是有史以來最重要、最廣泛有益的科學進步之一。」

Since the early days of AI, imagination has outpaced what is possible or even probable. In 1965, an imaginative mathematician called Irving Good predicted the eventual creation of an "ultra-intelligent machine…that can far surpass all the intellectual activities of any man, however clever." Good went on to suggest that 「the first ultra-intelligent machine" could be 「the last invention that man need ever make."
自AI誕生之初，想像力的發展速度已經超過了你的想像。1965年，一位富有想像力的數學家歐文·古德預言，最終將創造出一台「超智能機器……它將遠遠超過人類的所有智能活動，無論多麼聰明。」古德接著表示，「第一台超智能機器」可能是「人類需要創造的最後一項發明」。

Fears about the appearance of bad, powerful, man-made intelligent machines have been reinforced by many works of fiction—Mary Shelley's Frankenstein and the Terminator film series, for example. But if AI does eventually prove to be our downfall, it is unlikely to be at the hands of human-shaped forms like these, with recognisably human motivations such as aggression. Instead, I agree with Oxford University philosopher Nick Bostrom, who believes that the heaviest risks from A GI do not come from a decision to turn against mankind but rather from a dogged pursuit of set objectives at the expense of everything else.
人們對於出現強大而又邪惡的人造智能機器的擔憂已經加劇，例如，瑪麗·雪萊的《弗蘭肯斯坦》科幻小說和《終結者》系列電影。但如果最終證明AI 是我們的垮台，它就不太可能掌握在這樣的人形形態手中，而這些形態具有明顯的人類動機，比如敵對行為。相反，我同意牛津大學哲學家尼克·博斯特羅姆的觀點，他認為，A GI帶來的最大風險不是來自於反對人類的決定，而是來自於不惜犧牲一切代價執著地追求既定目標。

The promise and danger of true A GI are great. But all of today's excited discussion about these possibilities presupposes the fact that we will be able to build these systems. And, having spoken to many of the world's foremost AI researchers, I believe there is good reason to doubt that we will see A GI any time soon, if ever.
真正的A GI的前景和危險都是巨大的，但是今天所有關於這些可能性的激動人心的討論都是以我們能夠建立這些系統為前提。而且，在與許多世界上最重要的AI研究人員交談後，我相信有充分的理由懷疑我們是否會很快看到A GI，如果有的話。

㈢ 2021年高考英語全國卷 - 閱讀理解C

When the explorers first set foot upon the continent of North America, the skies and lands were alive with an astonishing variety of wildlife. Native Americans had taken care of these precious natural resources wisely. Unfortunately, it took the explorers and the settlers who followed only a few decades to decimate a large part of these resources. Millions of waterfowl were killed at the hands of market hunters and a handful of overly ambitious sportsmen. Millions of acres of wetlands were dried to feed and house the ever-increasing populations, greatly recing waterfowl habitat.
當探險家們第一次踏上北美洲大陸時，天空和大地上到處都是各種各樣的野生動物，美洲土著人智慧地保護了這些寶貴的自然資源。然而僅僅幾十年，探險家和定居者們就奪走了這些資源中的大部分。數百萬只水鳥在市場獵人和一些野心勃勃的運動員手中被殺。上百萬英畝，用於喂養和容納不斷增加的水禽種群的濕地乾涸，水禽棲息地大大減少。

In 1934, with the passage of the Migratory Bird Hunting Stamp Act (Act), an increasingly concerned nation took firm action to stop the destruction of migratory waterfowl and the wetlands so vital to their survival. Under this Act, all waterfowl hunters 16 years of age and over must annually purchase and carry a Federal Duck Stamp. The very first Federal Duck Stamp was designed by J.N. 「Ding」 Darling, a political cartoonist from Des Moines, Iowa, who at that time was appointed by President Franklin Roosevelt as Director of the Bureau of Biological Survey. Hunters willingly pay the stamp price to ensure the survival of our natural resources.
1934年，隨著《候鳥狩獵郵票法案》的通過，越來越受到關注的國家採取了堅定的行動，制止對候鳥水禽以及對它們的生存至關重要的濕地的破壞。根據該法案，所有16歲及以上的水禽獵手每年都必須購買並攜帶聯邦鴨票。第一張聯邦鴨票是由J.N.「丁」達林設計的，他是愛荷華州得梅因的一位政治漫畫家，當時被富蘭克林·羅斯福總統任命為生物調查局局長。獵人願意購買鴨票，可以確保我們自然資源的生存。

About 98 percent of every ck stamp dollar goes directly into the Migratory Bird Conservation Fund to purchase wetlands and wildlife habitat for inclusion into the National Wildlife Refuge System — a fact that ensures this land will be protected and available for all generations to come. Since 1934, better than half a billion dollars has gone into that Fund to purchase more than 5 million acres of habitat. Little wonder the Federal Duck Stamp Program has been called one of the most successful conservation programs ever initiated.
每一張鴨票的98%直接進入候鳥保護基金，用於購買濕地和野生動物棲息地，納入國家野生動物保護區系統——確保這片土地得到保護，提供給子孫後代。自1934年以來，已有超過5億美元的資金投入該基金，用於購買超過500萬英畝的棲息地。難怪聯邦鴨票計劃被稱為有史以來最成功的保護計劃之一。

㈣ 高考英語閱讀理解及答案解析

高考英語閱讀理解及答案解析

閱讀理解能力屬於語言的領會技能。包括對書面語言的識別、理解、推理、判斷和快速記憶等幾個方面。下面是我給大家收集的高考英語的閱讀理解真題以及答案解析，歡迎大家參考練習!

第一篇：

Think about the different ways that people use the wind.You can use it to fly a kite or to sail a boat.Wind is one of our cleanest and richest power sources (來源), as well as one of the oldest.Evidence shows that windmills (風車) began to be used in ancient Iran back in the seventh century BC.They were first introced to Europe ring the 1100s, when armies returned from the Middle East with knowledge of using wind power.

For many centuries, people used windmills to grind (磨碎) wheat into flour or pump water from deep underground.When electricity was discovered in the late 1800s, people living in remote areas began to use them to proce electricity.This allowed them to have electric lights and radio.However, by the 1940s when electricity was available to people in almost all areas of the United States, windmills were rarely used.

During the 1970s, people started becoming concerned about the pollution that is created when coal and gas are burned to proce electricity.People also realized that the supply of coal and gas would not last forever.Then, wind was rediscovered, though it means higher costs.Today, there is a global movement to supply more and more of our electricity through the use of wind.

1.From the text we know that windmills ________.

A.were invented by European armies

B.have a history of more than 2,800 years

C.used to supply power to radio in remote areas

D.have rarely been used since electricity was discovered

2.What was a new use for wind power in the late 19th century?

A.Sailing a boat.

B.Procing electricity.

C.Grinding wheat into flour.

D.Pumping water from underground.

3.One of the reasons wind was rediscovered in the 1970s is that ________.

A.wind power is cleaner

B.it is one of the oldest power sources

C.it was cheaper to create energy from wind

D.the supply of coal and gas failed to meet needs

4.What would the author probably discuss in the paragraph that follows?

A.The advantages of wind power.

B.The design of wind power plants.

C.The worldwide movement to save energy.

D.The global trend towards procing power from wind.

第二篇：

Winners Club

You choose to be a winner!

The Winners Club is a bank account specially designed for teenagers. It has heen made to help you better manage your money. The Winners Club is a transaction account (交易賬戶) where you receive a key-card so you can get to your money 24/7-that's 24 hours a day, 7 days a week!

It's a club with impressive features for teenagers：

●No account keeping fees!

You're no millionaire so we don't expect you to pay large fees. In fact, there are no account keeping or transaction fees!

●Excellent interest rates!

You want your money to grow. The Winners Club has a good rate of interest which gets even better if you make at least two deposits (儲蓄) without taking them out in a month.

●Convenient

Teenagers are busy—we get that. You may never need to come to a bank at all. With the Winners Club you can choose to use handy tellers and to bank from home using the phone and the Internet ...You can have money directly deposited into your Winners Club account. This could be your pocket money or your pay from your part-time job!

●Mega magazine included

Along with your regular report, you will receive a FREE magazine full of good ideas to make even more of your money. There are also fantastic offers and competitions only for Winners Club members.

The Winners Club is a great choice for teenagers. And it is so easy to join. Simply fill in an application form. You will have to get permission from your parent or guardian (so we can organize that cool key-card) but it is easy. We can't wait to hear from you. It's the best way to choose to be a winner!

1.The Winners Club is a bank account intended for________.

A.parents

B.teenagers

C.winners

D.alts

2.Which of the following is TRUE about the Winners Club?

A.Special gifts are ready for parents.

B.The bank opens only on work days.

C.Services are convenient for its members.

D.Fees are necessary for the account keeping.

3.The Winners Club provides magazines which________.

A.encourage spending

B.are free to all teenagers

C.are full of adventure stories

D.help to make more of your money

4.If you want to be a member of the Club, you must________.

A.be an Internet user

B.be permitted by your parent

C.have a big sum of money

D.be in your twenties

5.What is the purpose of this text?

A.To set up a club.

B.To provide part-time jobs.

C.To organize key-cards.

D.To introce a new banking service.

>>>>>>答案與解析<<<<<<

第一篇：

1.C細節理解題。根據第二段的“When electricity was discovered in the late 1800s, people living in remote areas began to use them to proce electricity. This allowed them to have electric lights and radio.”可推出，C項符合題意。

2.B細節理解題。根據第二段的“When electricity was discovered in the late 1800s, people living in remote areas began to use them to proce electricity.”可知，B項符合題目要求。

3.A細節理解題。根據第三段的“people started becoming concerned about the pollution that is created when coal and gas are burned to proce electricity”可知，A項符合題意。

4.D推理判斷題。第三段最後已提出現在全球已越來越多地使用風力發電，所以下一段應該要進一步推廣使用風力發電，這是一種總體的能源發展趨勢。故D項正確。

第二篇：

1.B細節理解題。根據文章第一段第一句“The Winners Club is a bank account specially designed for teenagers.”可知，“the Winners Club”是專門為青少年而開設的，所以答案為B項。

2.C細節理解題。第三部分主要介紹這項服務的方便之處，所以對於辦理該業務的.青少年來說是非常便利和快捷的，答案為C項;A項未提到;根據文章前面的介紹可知，銀行應該是全天24小時，每周7天營業，而非只是在工作日，所以B項排除;文章第一部分提到不收取賬戶管理費，所以D項錯誤。

3.D細節理解題。根據特色最後一點“Along with your regular report, you will receive a FREE magazine full of good ideas to make even more of your money.”可知，辦理該業務的青少年除了可以收到定期報告外，還可以免費得到一份雜志，裡面有很多好的建議或辦法可以幫助他們賺取更多的錢，所以答案為D項;A項和C項未提到;B項錯在這份雜志並不是對所有的青少年都是免費的，所以排除。

4.B細節理解題。根據最後一段“You will have to get permission from your parent...”可知，辦理此項銀行業務要得到父母的同意或許可，所以B項正確;該服務介紹第三點中提到辦理業務有多種形式，其中包括使用網路，但不是必須的，所以A項錯誤;由第一點中“You're no millionaire so we don't expect you to pay large fees.”可知，辦理此項銀行業務的不一定都是有錢人，所以C項排除;D項要求辦理業務者年齡在二十幾歲，文中並未提到。

5.D推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，文章主要是介紹一項新的銀行服務項目，所以答案D項正確。

;

㈤ 2022年高考英語全國甲卷 - 閱讀理解B

Goffin's cockatoos, a kind of small parrot native to Australasia, have been shown to have similar shape-recognition abilities to a human two-year-old. Though not known to use tools in the wild, the birds have proved skilful at tool use while kept in the cage. In a recent experiment, cockatoos were presented with a box with a nut inside it. The clear front of the box had a "keyhole" in a geometric shape, and the birds were given five differently shaped "keys" to choese from. Inserting the correct "key" would let out the nut.
戈芬的鳳頭鸚鵡是一種原產於澳大拉西亞的小鸚鵡，它的形狀識別能力相當於兩歲兒童。盡管野外的這些鳥不知道使用工具，但事實證明，在籠中長大彎吵的可以熟練使用。最近的一次實驗中，給鳳頭鸚鵡一個盒子，盒子里有一顆堅果。盒子正面有一個幾何形狀的「鑰匙孔」，給這些鳥五個不同形狀的「鑰匙」讓它們從中選擇。插入正確的「鑰匙」堅果會掉出來。

In humans, babies can put a round shape in a round hole from around one year of age, but it will be another year before they are able to do the same with less symmetrical shapes. This ability to recognize that a shape will need to be turned in a specific direction before it will fit is called an "allocentric frame of reference". In the experiment, Goffin's cockatoos were able to select the right tool for the job, in most cases, by visual recognition alone. Where trial-and-error was used, the cockatoos did better than monkeys in similar tests. This indicates that Goffin's cockatoos do indeed possess an allocentric frame of reference when moving objects in space, similar to two-year-old babies.
人純槐類的嬰兒大約一歲左右就可以在圓孔中放入圓形物品，但要想在對稱性較差的情況下也能做到這一點，還需要一年的時間。這種能夠識別形狀需要朝特定方向轉動才能匹配的能力被稱為「異中心參照系」。在實驗中，戈芬的鳳頭鸚鵡能夠在大多數情況下僅通過視覺識別來選擇合適的工具。經過反復試驗，類似的測試中，鳳頭鸚鵡比猴子表現更好。這表明，當在空中移動物體時，戈芬的鳳頭鸚鵡確實具有異中心參照系，類似於兩歲的嬰兒。

The next step, according to the researchers, is to try and work out whether the cockatoos rely entirely on visual clues, or also use a sense of touch in making their shape selections.
根據研究人員的說法，下一步是嘗試確定做鬧友鳳頭鸚鵡是完全依賴視覺線索，還是在選擇形狀時也使用觸覺。

㈥ 上海高中英語閱讀理解及答案

上海高中英語閱讀理解及答案

勤學苦練，是最踏實的.英語學習方法。下面是我整理的上海英語高考真題閱讀理解題及答案，希望能幫到大家!

2015上海英語高考真題閱讀理解

(A)

Look to many of history’s cultural symbols, and there you’ll find an ancestor of Frosty, the snowman in the movie Frozen. It appeared on some of the first postcards, starred in some of the earliest silent movies, and was the subject of a couple of the earliest photos, dating all the way back to the 1800s. I discovered even more about one of humanity’s earliest forms of life art ring several years of research around the world.

For example, snowmen were a phenomenon in the Middle Ages, built with great skill and thought. At a time of limited means of expression, snow was like free art supplies dropped from the sky. It was a popular activity for couples to leisurely walk through town to view the temporary works of chilly art. Some were created by famous artists, including a 19-year-old Michelangelo, who in 1494 was appointed by the ruler of Florence, Italy, to build a snowman in his mansion’s courtyard.

The Miracle of 1511 took place ring six freezing weeks called the Winter of Death. The city of Brussels was covered in snowmen—an impressive scene that told stories on every street corner. Some were political in nature, criticizing the church and government. Some were a reflection of people’s imagination. For the people of Brussels, this was a defining moment of artistic freedom. At least until spring arrived, by which time they were dealing with damaging floods.

If you fear the heyday of the snowman has passed, don’t worry: I’ve learned that some explosive snowman history is still being made today. Every year since 1818, the people of Zurich, Switzerland, celebrate the beginning of spring by blowing up a snowman. On the third Monday of April, the holiday Sechselauten is kicked off when a cotton snowman called the Boogg is stuffed with explosive and paraded through town by bakers and other tradesmen who throw bread to the crowds. The parade ends with the Boogg being placed on a 40-foot pile of firewood. After the bells of the Church of St. Peter have rung six times, representing the passing of winter, the pile is lit. When the snowman explodes, winter is considered officially over—the quicker it is burnt down, the longer summer is said to be.

66. According to the passage, why did snowmen become a phenomenon in the Middle Ages?

A. People thought of snow as holy art supplies.

B. People longed to see masterpieces of snow.

C. Building snowmen was a way for people to express themselves.

D. Building snowmen helped people develop their skill and thought.

67. “The heyday of the snowman” (paragraph 4) means the time when___________.

A. snowmen were made mainly by artists

B. snowmen enjoyed great popularity

C. snowmen were politically criticized

D. snowmen caused damaging floods

68. In Zurich, the blowing up of the Boogg symbolizes__________________.

A. the start of the parade

B. the coming of a longer summer

C. the passing of the winter

D. the success of tradesmen

69. What can be concluded about snowmen from the passage?

A. They were appreciated in history

B. They have lost their value

C. They were related to movies

D. They vary in shape and size

參考答案：66. C 67. B 68. C 69. A

(B)

Scary Bunny

The Curse of the Were-Rabbit (2005) is the first full-length feature film made by directors Nick Park and Steve Box with their amazing plasticine (粘土) characters Wallace and Gromit. It won an Oscar in 2006, and if you watch it, you’ll understand why. It’s an absolutely brilliant cartoon comedy.

Cheese-loving inventor Wallace and his brainy dog Gromit have started a company to protect the town’s vegetables from hungry rabbits. However, just before the annual Giant Vegetable Competition, an enormous rabbit begins terrorising the town. It is attacking all the vegetables and destroying everything in its path. The competition organizer, Lady Tottington, hires Wallace and Gromit to catch the monster alive. But they will have to find the were-rabbit before gun-crazy hunter Victor Quartermaine who is desperate to kill it.

The screenplay is witty and full of amusing visual jokes. As usual, the voice of Peter Sallis is absolutely perfect for the role of Wallace, and Gromit is so beautifully brought to life, he can express a huge range of emotions without saying a word. And both Helena Bonham-Carter, who plays the part of Lady Tottington, and Ralph Fiennes as Victor are really funny.

To sum up, The Curse of the Were-Rabbit is an amazing film which is suitable for both children and alts. If you liked Wallace and Gromit’s previous adventures and you appreciate the British sense of humour, you’ll love this film. Don’t miss it!

70. In the film review, what is paragraph A mainly about?

A. The introction to the leading roles B. The writer’s opinion of acting

C. The writer’s comments on the story D. The background information

71. According to the film review, “the monster” (paragraph B) refers to ______.

A. a gun-crazy hunter B. a brainy dog

C. a scary rabbit D. a giant vegetable

72. Which of the following is a reason why the writer recommends the film?

A. It’s full of wit and humour.

B. Its characters show feelings without words.

C. It is an adventure film directed by Peter Sallis.

D. It is about the harmony between man and animals.

參考答案：70. D 71. C 72. A

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㈦ 2019年高考英語全國卷2 - 閱讀理解D

Bacteria are an annoying problem for astronauts. The microorganisms from our bodies grow uncontrollably on surfaces of the International Space Station, so astronauts spend hours cleaning them up each week. How is NASA overcoming this very tiny big problem? It』s turning to a bunch of high school kids. But not just any kids. It is depending on NASA HUNCH high school classrooms, like the one science teachers Gene Gordon and Donna Himmelberg lead at Fairport High School in Fairport, New York.
對宇航員來說，細菌是個煩人的問題。來自我們身體的微生物在國際空間站的表面不受控制地生長，所以宇航員每周要花數小時來清理它們。NASA是如何克服這個非常細微的大問題的？現在輪到一群高中生了，但不是所有高中生，這取決於NASA HUNCH高中課程，比如紐約州費爾波特市費爾波特高中的科學教師吉恩·戈登和唐娜·哈姆伯格。

HUNCH is designed to connect high school classrooms with NASA engineers. For the past two years, Gordon』s students have been studying ways to kill bacteria in zero gravity, and they think they』re close to a solution. 「We don』t give the students any breaks. They have to do it just like NASA engineers,」 says Florence Gold, a project manager.
HUNCH目的是將高中課程與NASA工程師連接。在過去的兩年裡，戈登的學生們一直在研究如何在零重力下殺死細菌，他們認為已經接近解決方案。項目經理弗洛倫斯·戈爾德說：「我們不給學生任何休息時間，他們必須像NASA的工程師一樣去做」。

「There are no tests,」 Gordon says. 「There is no graded homework. There almost are no grades, other than 『Are you working towards your goal?』 Basically, it』s 『I』ve got to proce this proct and then, at the end of year, present it to NASA.』 Engineers come and really do an in-person review, and...it』s not a very nice thing at times. It』s a hard business review of your proct.」
戈登說：「沒有考試，沒有評分作業。除了『你正在朝著你的目標努力嗎？』之外，幾乎沒有評分。基本上，它是『我必須生產這個產品，然後在年底前提交給NASA』。工程師們親自來做審查，然後……有時這並不好，對你的產品進行商業審查很難。」

Gordon says the HUNCH program has an impact on college admissions and practical life skills. 「These kids are so absorbed in their studies that I just sit back. I don』t teach.」 And that annoying bacteria? Gordon says his students are emailing daily with NASA engineers about the problem, readying a workable solution to test in space.
戈登說HUNCH 項目對大學入學和實際生活技能有影響。「這些孩子全神貫注於學習，我只是在那坐著，我不教他們。」那討厭的細菌呢？戈登說，他的學生每天都在給NASA的工程師發郵件，討論這個問題，准備一個可行的解決方案，在太空進行測試。