英語閱讀能源篇
Ⅰ 英語閱讀:4-Could the bad old days
Could the bad old days of economic decline (下滑) be about to return? Since OPEC agreed to supply(供應) - cuts (減少) in March, the price of crude(原材料、原油) oil has jumped(上漲) to almost $26 a barrel(桶) , up (上升) from less than $10 last December. This near- tripling (三倍的) of oil prices calls up scary memories of the 1973 oil shock, when prices quadrupled(四倍的) , and 1979-1980, when they also almost tripled(三倍的) . Both previous shocks resulted in double- digit(數字) inflation(通貨膨脹) and global economic decline(衰退) . So where are the headlines(標題) warning of gloom and doom (沮喪悲觀) this time?
經濟下滑的糟糕老日子還會回來嗎?在石油輸出國組織同意在三月減少供應石油,原油的價格便上升到了每升26美元,而上年11月份每斤還不到10美元。這增長幾乎3倍的現狀,喚醒了大家謹罩在1973年經歷的石油危機價格漲到3倍時的記憶。在1979-1980年期間,那時候價格飛速漲到了2倍。這之前兩次的石油危機導致了兩倍的通貨膨脹和全球金融衰退。那麼這個時候對目前的經濟蕭條沮喪發出警示的標題在哪裡呢?
減少:decline/ rece /decrease/ cut down /lessen/depress/decay/minify/rebate /drop/sink/ cut/ abate
上升:rise/go /up/upward/jump/increase/add/augment /fortify/aggrandize/enhence/boost/increase / advance /impove /ascent
月份:一月January二月 February三月 Marcy四月 April五月 May六月 June七月 July八月答腔 August九月 September十月 October十一月 November十二月 December
倍數:Single (1) Double (2) Triple (3) Quadruple(4) Quintuple or Pentuple (5) Sextuple or Hextuple (6) Septuple (7) Octuple (8) Nonuple (9)Decuple (10)Hendecuple or Undecuple (11) Duodecuple (12) Centuple (100)
deflation:通貨緊縮 inflation:通貨膨脹
Headlines:新聞標題 underline下劃線,強調,突出
The oil price was given another push up(上升) this week when Iraq suspended(停止) oil exports. Strengthening(強化、激勵) economic growth, at the same time as winter grips(冬季到來,grips抓緊) the northern hemisphere(半球) , could push(上升) the price higher still in the short term.
當伊拉克暫停石油出口後,石油價格在上周再次上漲,激勵經濟發展的同時,北半球冬季的到來在短時間內會推動價格再次上升。
Yet there are good reasons to expect (期待、認為、預料) the economic consequences(後果) now to be less severe(祥舉鬧嚴重、嚴峻) than in the 1970s. In most countries the cost(成本) of crude oil (原油) now accounts for (占) a smaller share of the price of petrol (汽油) than it did in the 1970s. In Europe, taxes(稅收) account for (占) up to four-fifths of the retail (零售) price, so even (甚至、即使) quite (表肯定) big changes in the price of crude (原油) have a more muted (緩和) effect on pump prices (汽油價格) than in the past.
expect(期待、認為、預料) except:除…之外
結果:result/outcome/fruit/ending/consequence/termination/progeny
少:few/litter/less/short/lack/lose/seldom
cost:價錢,代價,花費,費用,花費
quite:非常,相當,很,確實如此 quiet:安靜
effect:效果,影響,印象,所有物,引發,產生 effort:工作;努力,嘗試; 成就; 傑作
然而,這里有很好的理由估計,油價上漲帶來的經濟結果要比1970年期間好一些。在很多國家,現在的原油價格比1970年占據汽油價格的份額小得多。在歐洲,稅收價格佔零售價格的五分之四,甚至在原油的價格上有很大的改變,比以前在輸出價格上的影響也會減弱。
Rich economies are also less dependent on oil than they were, and so less sensitive to swings (搖擺、波動) in the oil price. Energy conservation (節約) , a shift (改變、替代) to other fuels and a decline in the importance of heavy (重要性) , energy-intensive instries (能源密集型重工業) have reced oil consumption (消耗量) . Software, consultancy(咨詢行業) and mobile telephones use far less oil than steel(鋼) or car proction. For each dollar of GDP (in constant(不間斷的、不變的) prices) rich economies now use nearly 50% less oil than in 1973. The OECD estimates(估計) in its latest Economic Outlook that, if oil prices averaged $22 a barrel(桶) for a full year, compared with $13 in 1998, this would increase the oil import bill in rich economies by only 0.25-0.5% of GDP. That is less than one-quarter of the income loss in 1974 or 1980. On the other hand, oil-importing emerging economies — to which heavy instry has shifted(轉向) — have become more energy-intensive, and so could be more seriously squeezed(擠壓) .
Import:輸入;進口 export: 出口,輸出
發達的經濟體相比以前更少依賴於石油,因此石油價格來回搖擺變得不那麼敏感了。能源保護、其他能源的替代能源密集型產業重要性的加大減少了石油的消耗量。軟體業、咨詢行業、手機電話產業使用的石油遠遠比鋼鐵工業和汽車製造業使用的石油少。現在發達經濟體的國內生產總值中的每一美元(按不變的價格計算)都比1973年石油消耗幾乎少了近50%。經濟合作與發展組織在最近的一期《經濟展望》上估計:「如果是石油價格相比於1998年的每升13元,全年平均為每桶22元,這將會使發達經濟體上石油進口支出GDP所佔比例增加0.25-0.5%,這比1974-1980年期間收入損失的四分之一還少。另一方面,石油進口的新興經濟體由於轉向重工業正在轉變,將變成更加依賴石油能源,那麼可能將收到石油危機更嚴峻的壓迫。」
One more reason not to lose sleep over(擔憂) the rise in oil prices is that, unlike(不像) the rises in the 1970s, it has not occurred(發生) against the background of (以…為背景) general commodity-price(物價) inflation(通貨膨脹) and global excess (超過)demand(需求) . A sizable(相當多) portion of the world is only just emerging from(擺脫出來) economic decline. The Economist's commodity(商品) price index is broadly unchanging from a year ago. In 1973 commodity(商品) prices jumped(暴漲) by 70%, and in 1979 by almost 30%.
發生:happen/occur/take place/come up/turn up/ arise/ chance/befall/come off/be set/bring to pass
deflation:通貨緊縮 inflation:通貨膨脹 excess
超過:exceed/surpass/more than/override/overrun/overtake/outstrip
出現: emerge /appear/arise/grow/turn up
一部分:a portion of/a part of/partial
還有一個原因可以不必擔憂石油價格上升,與1970年不同的是,此次油價上漲不是在以物價普遍上漲和全球需求過剩為背景。全世界相當多一部分的地區剛剛從經濟衰退中經歷,《經濟學家》發布的商品指數一年內也沒有太明顯的改變。1970年商品價格上漲了70%,1979年也上漲了幾乎30%。
Ⅱ 如何節約能源英語作文
節約能源英語作文
節約能源
英文:
Save the Energy Resources
Another round of energy crisis is knocking at the door. In 2004, world oil
consumption reached a new record, causing oil price in the international market to
skyrocket amazingly. As for China, it was reported that many traditional mineral cities in
northeastern China had run into predicament, with their economy collapsed and workers
unemployed, only because coal had been mined out.
Fossil energy resources, including coal, oil and gas, are unlike sunlight, water power
and wind power which are generated consistently. They』re not practically reproctive
ring human history. Once consumed, they』re gone forever. If they were to be exhausted
before we could find sufficient reproctive resources to replace them with, w
e』d have to
live in entire blackout again like our ancestors have done thousands of years ago. That』s
of course not what anyone would want to see.
Due to technical limitations, people still have to utilize these resources now.
As a result, we must economize them most cleverly. New techniques should be
developed and applied to rece energy cost in instry and daily life. Alternative energy
should be employed wherever possible. Eradicate any practice that wastes energy.
Humans have overcome so many crises i
n history, and we』re sure to win this time also.
With the develope of society,many people begin to care about saving energy.I think
saving energy is everyone's ty.So we should do well our responsibility.For instance,we
need remeber to shut off the lamp when we leave a room without anyone else and shut off
the tap when stop to use it to save water.Sometimes we can take our bay to the
supermarket to buy something.It can save resources.Finally,the most basica is we can't
throw litter on the ground anyway.We have one earth ,she is our only home.If everyone do
his best to protect her,she will be more beautiful.
【擴展閱讀篇】
作文是決定語文考試
成績
的
「
半壁江山
」
,因此作文的成敗往往決定了整個語文考試的
成敗。那麼
怎樣
讓考試作文得高分呢
?
我覺得以下幾點必須注意。
1
、
題和立意凡考試作文必須審題
,
原因是考生要在同一環境下,
作公平的競爭。
審題,
就是要對試題展現的所有內容作全面、
准確的審讀和理解,
把命題者的意圖讀出來,
把題目
的各種限制審清楚,明確要我寫
什麼
,怎麼寫,寫到
什麼
程度,真正做到全面領會,深刻把
握,不偏不漏、
不折不扣地按要求寫作文。高考作文評判明確規定,凡審題有問題的試卷最
後得分一般都不超過二類卷最低分。
由此可見,
審題的准確與否是作文成敗的關鍵因素。
立
意,就是要作者站在時代的高度,去觀察、認識
生活
,提煉主題,使主題體現時代的精神,
既反映時代,也作用於時代,跳動時代的脈搏,推動著時代的前進。文章的
「
意
」
,
其實就
是作者在體驗
生活
中逐步孕育而成的一種思想,是作者的主觀認識與客觀實際相
「
撞擊
」
的產
物,
它反映作者的思想水平、
認識水平以及在社會生活中形成的世界觀、
人生觀、
價值觀等。
近兩年的作文教改提倡學生寫真實生活、
真實自我,
有些
同學
忽視了對文章思想傾向的把握,
看問題不全面,
觀點偏激,
更有甚者由腐敗現象而懷疑黨的領導和黨的政策。
盡管當今的中
國社會政治清明,言論自由,話說錯了不會追查什麼政治問題,但作為未來社會的建設者,
正確的是非觀還是應該有的。這一點必須注意。
2
、
標題和段落標題是文章的眼睛
,也是閱卷老師對文章的第一印象,特別是自擬題目
寫作,閱卷老師很看重考生所擬的標題。俗話說:
「
秧好一半谷,題好一半文
」
,可見題目的
重要性。
有些考生先寫正文再擬標題,
文章寫好後也許是沒有時間寫標題,
也許是忘了補寫
標題。雖然評分規定無標題扣
2
分,但實際結果卻遠非
2
分。有人曾做過這樣的實驗,將
幾篇寫得較好的作文,
按保留標題和隱去標題兩種類型請兩組老師分別予以閱卷,
其分數差
別一般都在
5
分以上。這是因為閱卷老師對無標題作文產生了一種心理距離,不知不覺便
降低了分數等級。至於如何擬題,我覺得應做到這樣幾條:①確切。指符合文章內容,也指
遣詞造句符合規范
)
。②精練。指標題字數恰當。③生動。指題目能體現出一種活力,具有
可讀性,饒有情趣。④新穎。指有新視角、新思路、新感悟,能夠給人一種新鮮感。⑤有意
蘊。指有內在的含義。擬題方法多種多樣,可以運用修辭擬題,可以引用俗語擬題,可以化
用古語擬題,
可以借用成語擬題,
可以套用流行語擬題,
也可以巧用
其他
學科公式或符號擬
題等等,
考生可以根據自己的情況靈活運用。
段落:
考試作文最忌首、
腹、
尾三段式的結構。
把文章分為幾段更好
?
千字以內的作文,我覺得分為
5-8
個自然段就可以了。因為自然段分
得越自然,
越顯得你成熟老練。
另外,
要把每一段的首句寫好。
每一段的首句猶如人的眉目,
把首句寫好,
「
眉清目秀
」
,整個段落都顯著精神。
3
、
文體和內容高考作文試題對文體的要求有兩類
:
一類是規定必須寫某種文體,
如
「
寫
一篇議論文
」;
另一類是排除寫某種文體,如
「
除詩歌外,其他文體不限
」
。考生必須按規定的
文體去寫。近幾年高考作文題中
「
文體不限
」
,讓考生自由選擇文體,這里要特別注意,文體
不限不是不要文體,
而是要你在選擇了一種文體後,
一定要按這種文體特點寫作,
要寫什麼
象什麼。不可隨心所欲,寫成不倫不類的
「
四不像
」
文章。文章內容方面:不假思索就能想到
的東西,絕對不要寫
;
稍加思索想到的也不要寫
;
花上幾分鍾,想別人想不到的內容來寫。記
敘文最好將主人公設定為自己,用第一人稱入文,讓
「
我
」
的激情在文章中閃光,情真意切,
引起共鳴。議論文切忌大話、套話、廢話,要避免空發議論,無病呻吟,濫提口號,亂發號
召,空表決心等等。作文可以虛構,
「
允許
」
編寫故事,但不等於提倡
「
編寫故事
」
,編寫故事
要做到
「
大膽
想像
,自圓其說
」
。濫編、胡編,絕對不會得高分。
4
、
開頭和結尾應試作文的開頭結尾,
就是文章的刀刃。
平時在課內外所學的各種開頭
結尾的方法完全可以用在應試作文上。
不管你使用什麼方法開頭和結尾,
必須做到開頭起筆
入題,結尾點明主旨。為了給評卷老師一個好的印象,開頭結尾千萬不要塗抹。有道是:良
好的開端是成功的一半。
可有些考生犯
「
入題慢
」
的毛病:
有的把大段的原材料全部照搬
;
有的
把本來簡潔的原材料進行擴展
;
有的開篇擺材料,古今中外,慢慢道來。開篇鬆散,佔去了
大量的篇幅,
後面的真正應該說的內容卻
「
千呼萬喚不出來
」
,
有的只是一筆帶過,
草草收兵,
比例嚴重失調,使老師難以衡量其實際寫作水平。古人寫文章講究
「
鳳頭
」
、
「
豬肚
」
、
「
豹尾
」
,
這是有一定道理的。
可有些考生作文來不及剎尾,
或用一句話硬斷,或點上一串省略號,這
樣即使你雕出了
「
鳳頭
」
,壯大了
「
豬肚
」
,也會因為沒有
「
豹尾
」
而不成其好文章,得不到高分。
閱卷老師衡量一篇文章的好壞,
首先是看其整體。
所以,
考生交給老師的無論如何也應是一
篇完整的作文。
5
、
語言和字數考試作文語言要規范准確,具有個性和活力。
不要文白夾雜
;
不要使用
別人看不懂的方言和詞彙
;
少用長句多用短句
;
可引進部分時代新詞彙,引用名言警句,引用
流行的通俗歌曲歌詞,引用百姓口頭民謠,但取向一定要積極向上,真正讓語言亮起來。照
理說,
文章是表情達意的工具,
有話則長,
無話則短,
似乎不應有字數的限制。
但考試作文,
作為一種特殊形式的作文,
為了達到一定的考查目的,
並考慮到考試時間等因素,
一般對字
數都作了規定。
我們必須按照規定去做。
限最低字數的,
一定要寫夠數量或稍微超過
50
—
100
字才好。如果字數不足,雖然評分標准規定,不足字數的,每少
50
字扣
1
分,但實際情況
是,
字數不足往往被認為文章內容單薄,
分數很難上檔次。
限最高字數的,
不要超過。
否則,
給人一種臃腫的感覺,再說,作文寫得長,花的時間多,解答前面的題用的時間少,必定會
受到影響。
如果沒有限最高字數,一般就是以作文紙為限,即要在作文紙格子內行文。
千萬
不要自作多情,超出作文格子,以免出力不討好。
6
、
書寫和卷面近年高考作文評分標准中,
書寫都占相當的比分。
一般不要求寫得好看,
但要求書寫整齊易辨認,
一筆一畫清清楚楚,
不寫草字。
標點符號書寫也要規范,
特別是格
式要正確,句號、逗號、問號、嘆號、頓號、分號不要出現在一行之首
;
引號、括弧、書名
號前半不出現在一行之末,可以在這些符號後面擠著寫一個字
;
引號、括弧、書名號後一半
不出現在一行之首,
可以把這些符號擠在上一行之末。
省略號、
破折號占兩個格,
不能斷開,
寫不下時擠在一行之末。
至於作文的卷面,正如人的容貌一樣,給人的印象是重要的,
尤其
是高考作文,卷面整潔與否直接影響著閱卷老師的心理和情緒,書寫工整,
卷面清潔,
讓人
一看心中先喜三分,其結果是可想而知的。
7
、
檢查與修改考試作文試題和其他試題一樣,
做完後也需要認真檢查
,
看有沒有筆誤
的錯別字,
有沒有不通順的句子,有沒有需要調整的內容。審查發現了錯別字、錯用了詞語
一定要修改過來,對於句段該刪的要刪掉,該增的要增補,只是要改得清楚、整潔,使人一
目瞭然。不能因為修改而影響了卷面的整潔。
Ⅲ 求翻譯,英語閱讀短文
其實,有多種不同的能源對我們都是重要的,但人們似乎最關注石油,報紙和電視經常談論油價,國家聚在一起討論石油問題,但石油的特殊在哪裡?石油對全球人的生活都是至關重要的,我們可以用從地下抽出的石油生產很多東西,如;塑料和橡膠,有些科學家說;石油只夠今後60年用的,絕大部分在中東地區,由於這種狀況,使得世界在70年代出現了一些嚴重問題,由於政治原因中東國家停止向西方國家賣石油
Ⅳ 求一篇能源改革的英語作文
There are still many problems of enviromental protection in recent years. One of the most serious problems is the serious pollution of air,water and soil. The polluted air does great harm to people's health. The polluted water causes diseases and death. What's more, vegetation has been greatly reced with the rapid growth of modern cities.
To protect the environment,governments of many countries have done a lot. Legislative steps have been introced to control air pollution, to protect the forest and sea resources and to stop any environmental pollution. Therefore, government are playing the most important role in the environmental protection today.
In my opinion , to protect environment, the goernment must take even more concrete measures. First, it should let people fully realize the importance of environmental protection through ecation.Second, much more efforts should be made to put the population planning policy into practice, because more people mean more pollution.Finally, those who destroy the environment intentionalli should be severely punished. We should let them know that destroying environment means destroying mankind themselves.
Ⅳ 高考英語閱讀理解及答案解析
高考英語閱讀理解及答案解析
閱讀理解能力屬於語言的領會技能。包括對書面語言的識別、理解、推理、判斷和快速記憶等幾個方面。下面是我給大家收集的高考英語的閱讀理解真題以及答案解析,歡迎大家參考練習!
第一篇:
Think about the different ways that people use the wind.You can use it to fly a kite or to sail a boat.Wind is one of our cleanest and richest power sources (來源), as well as one of the oldest.Evidence shows that windmills (風車) began to be used in ancient Iran back in the seventh century BC.They were first introced to Europe ring the 1100s, when armies returned from the Middle East with knowledge of using wind power.
For many centuries, people used windmills to grind (磨碎) wheat into flour or pump water from deep underground.When electricity was discovered in the late 1800s, people living in remote areas began to use them to proce electricity.This allowed them to have electric lights and radio.However, by the 1940s when electricity was available to people in almost all areas of the United States, windmills were rarely used.
During the 1970s, people started becoming concerned about the pollution that is created when coal and gas are burned to proce electricity.People also realized that the supply of coal and gas would not last forever.Then, wind was rediscovered, though it means higher costs.Today, there is a global movement to supply more and more of our electricity through the use of wind.
1.From the text we know that windmills ________.
A.were invented by European armies
B.have a history of more than 2,800 years
C.used to supply power to radio in remote areas
D.have rarely been used since electricity was discovered
2.What was a new use for wind power in the late 19th century?
A.Sailing a boat.
B.Procing electricity.
C.Grinding wheat into flour.
D.Pumping water from underground.
3.One of the reasons wind was rediscovered in the 1970s is that ________.
A.wind power is cleaner
B.it is one of the oldest power sources
C.it was cheaper to create energy from wind
D.the supply of coal and gas failed to meet needs
4.What would the author probably discuss in the paragraph that follows?
A.The advantages of wind power.
B.The design of wind power plants.
C.The worldwide movement to save energy.
D.The global trend towards procing power from wind.
第二篇:
Winners Club
You choose to be a winner!
The Winners Club is a bank account specially designed for teenagers. It has heen made to help you better manage your money. The Winners Club is a transaction account (交易賬戶) where you receive a key-card so you can get to your money 24/7-that's 24 hours a day, 7 days a week!
It's a club with impressive features for teenagers:
●No account keeping fees!
You're no millionaire so we don't expect you to pay large fees. In fact, there are no account keeping or transaction fees!
●Excellent interest rates!
You want your money to grow. The Winners Club has a good rate of interest which gets even better if you make at least two deposits (儲蓄) without taking them out in a month.
●Convenient
Teenagers are busy—we get that. You may never need to come to a bank at all. With the Winners Club you can choose to use handy tellers and to bank from home using the phone and the Internet ...You can have money directly deposited into your Winners Club account. This could be your pocket money or your pay from your part-time job!
●Mega magazine included
Along with your regular report, you will receive a FREE magazine full of good ideas to make even more of your money. There are also fantastic offers and competitions only for Winners Club members.
The Winners Club is a great choice for teenagers. And it is so easy to join. Simply fill in an application form. You will have to get permission from your parent or guardian (so we can organize that cool key-card) but it is easy. We can't wait to hear from you. It's the best way to choose to be a winner!
1.The Winners Club is a bank account intended for________.
A.parents
B.teenagers
C.winners
D.alts
2.Which of the following is TRUE about the Winners Club?
A.Special gifts are ready for parents.
B.The bank opens only on work days.
C.Services are convenient for its members.
D.Fees are necessary for the account keeping.
3.The Winners Club provides magazines which________.
A.encourage spending
B.are free to all teenagers
C.are full of adventure stories
D.help to make more of your money
4.If you want to be a member of the Club, you must________.
A.be an Internet user
B.be permitted by your parent
C.have a big sum of money
D.be in your twenties
5.What is the purpose of this text?
A.To set up a club.
B.To provide part-time jobs.
C.To organize key-cards.
D.To introce a new banking service.
>>>>>>答案與解析<<<<<<
第一篇:
1.C細節理解題。根據第二段的“When electricity was discovered in the late 1800s, people living in remote areas began to use them to proce electricity. This allowed them to have electric lights and radio.”可推出,C項符合題意。
2.B細節理解題。根據第二段的“When electricity was discovered in the late 1800s, people living in remote areas began to use them to proce electricity.”可知,B項符合題目要求。
3.A細節理解題。根據第三段的“people started becoming concerned about the pollution that is created when coal and gas are burned to proce electricity”可知,A項符合題意。
4.D推理判斷題。第三段最後已提出現在全球已越來越多地使用風力發電,所以下一段應該要進一步推廣使用風力發電,這是一種總體的能源發展趨勢。故D項正確。
第二篇:
1.B細節理解題。根據文章第一段第一句“The Winners Club is a bank account specially designed for teenagers.”可知,“the Winners Club”是專門為青少年而開設的,所以答案為B項。
2.C細節理解題。第三部分主要介紹這項服務的方便之處,所以對於辦理該業務的.青少年來說是非常便利和快捷的,答案為C項;A項未提到;根據文章前面的介紹可知,銀行應該是全天24小時,每周7天營業,而非只是在工作日,所以B項排除;文章第一部分提到不收取賬戶管理費,所以D項錯誤。
3.D細節理解題。根據特色最後一點“Along with your regular report, you will receive a FREE magazine full of good ideas to make even more of your money.”可知,辦理該業務的青少年除了可以收到定期報告外,還可以免費得到一份雜志,裡面有很多好的建議或辦法可以幫助他們賺取更多的錢,所以答案為D項;A項和C項未提到;B項錯在這份雜志並不是對所有的青少年都是免費的,所以排除。
4.B細節理解題。根據最後一段“You will have to get permission from your parent...”可知,辦理此項銀行業務要得到父母的同意或許可,所以B項正確;該服務介紹第三點中提到辦理業務有多種形式,其中包括使用網路,但不是必須的,所以A項錯誤;由第一點中“You're no millionaire so we don't expect you to pay large fees.”可知,辦理此項銀行業務的不一定都是有錢人,所以C項排除;D項要求辦理業務者年齡在二十幾歲,文中並未提到。
5.D推理判斷題。通讀全文可知,文章主要是介紹一項新的銀行服務項目,所以答案D項正確。
;Ⅵ 英語閱讀!急急急急急急····· 好的追分!!
人們稱他為瘋狂的科學家,但是63歲的J.克雷格.文特從來沒有停止創造生命的嘗試。
(在他生命的)最後一個月,他(美國科學家)和他的團隊取的了重大突破,他們創造了世界上第一個人造細胞。他們希望將來可以用它(人造細胞)來創造新的生命種類。文特始終認為,新的生命種類可以用於為人類製造食物、能源或葯物。
mad 瘋子;瘋狂的
J. Craig Venter 人名
make great progress 取的重大進展
first artificial cell 第一個人造細胞
in the future 將來,未來
oil 油,石油,能源
for us 為我們,也就是為人類
Ⅶ 急求一篇英語閱讀短文的中文翻譯,感謝大家了!~
:夏日,數以百萬計的人們前往沙灘,游泳和嬉戲,然而海洋的價值絕不僅限於此。科學家們認為水波能發電。「當你在沖浪板或船上的時候,是否有向上漂浮的感覺?或者當你跳進水裡,被波浪撞擊的時候,能否感受到能量的存在?來自蘇格蘭愛丁堡大學波能研究小組的傑米·泰勒教授如是問。「當然,有大量的能源存在於波浪當中。科學家正嘗試將其轉換為電能。風吹過海面時,會有波浪出現。泰勒說,風力作用下,開始時,水面出現漣漪;風力繼續作用下,漣漪變為了波浪。波浪是大自然產生能源的方式之一,然後再將其送出。當波浪湧向海岸時,人們可以設立大壩或者屏障來阻礙水流,並將其送至渦輪。而正是渦輪為發電機輸送能量。美國和其他一些國家已著手波能的研究,而蘇格蘭已將其投入使用。這種能源是巨大的。波能可再生,且不會像諸如煤、石油等其他能源造成污染。海洋占據了地球表面的四分之三,使得波能成為了完美的能量來源。然而,也存在一定弊端。泰勒稱,一方面,波能造價高;另外,其對海外生物的影響目前尚不為知。此外,也會影響漁業和海上交通。然而,在泰勒看來,隨著研究工作的進一步深入,這些弊端都可以解決。地球對能源的需求日益增大,不管是為了看電視、用電腦,還是開汽車和室溫調節等。隨著傳統能源,煤、石油的日益枯竭,找到更多的能源是非常重要的。也許未來的某一天,當你按下電燈開關的時候,正是海外波能在為你服務。
Ⅷ 中石油職稱英語閱讀理解文章講解
中石油職稱英語閱讀理解文章講解
在今後的1000年裡,我們的世界會面臨哪些問題呢?下面是我整理的中石油閱讀理解:21世紀的趨勢,希望能幫到大家!
Trends for 21st Century 21世紀的趨勢
1.What problemswillour world encounter in the next1,000 years? Social scientistsand economists, farming experts and environmentalists posethis question and examinedata and informationfrom surveys.
1、在今後的1000年裡(in the next1,000 years),我們的世界會面臨哪些問題呢?(特殊疑問句語序; encountervi. 遭遇)社會科學家、經濟學家、農業專家和環境保護主義者提出(pose)了這個問題,並對調查所得的數據和信息(data andinformation from surveys)進行了研究。
2. In every field, experts examine changes to understandthe state of the field.To understand a country』s economy,economistscheck growthin an instrysuch assteel.To understand the state ofbusiness, they maylook atthe number of building permitsfornew houses. The informationlearnedshows increases or decreases. Important trends emergein each field.
2、各個領域的專家都通過對變化的研究來了解該領域的狀況。為了了解一個國家的經濟狀況(To understand a country』s economy),經濟學家對某個行業,如(such as)鋼鐵業的增長情況(growth)進行調查。為了了解行業的狀況(To understand the state of business),他們可能會調查新房建造許可證的發放數量(the number of 數量;buildingpermits 施工執照;建築許可證)。得到的資料(learned過去分詞作定語,修飾the information)能顯示出增長或減少的情況,各個領域的重要趨勢就能體現出來(emerge vi. 顯現;浮現;暴露)。
3. Population
3、人口
4. Population is importanttoevery person on Earth. Peopletendto live longerin most places. In Central Europe,however,life spanis droppingbecausehealth careis notwhatit was a few years ago. Factorsaffectinggeneral healthinclude excessive smoking,drinking ofalcoholandpolluted water supplies.
4、人口多少對地球上的每個人都很重要。在大多數地區(in most places)人們的壽命越來越長(tend to dosth. 傾向於;往往會)。但在中歐,由於衛生保健(health care)不如前幾年,人的壽命(life span)正在縮短(is dropping)。影響大眾健康(affecting general health)的`因素包括吸煙過度(excessive smoking),酗酒以及飲水污染(alcohol n. 酒精;polluted adj. 受污染的; watersupplies 供水)。
5. The population explosiononour planethas been increasingat an alarming ratebutthe percentage of increaseis decreasing.One out of every five peopleon Earth is Chinese,yetChina』s growth ratehas slowed.Asthe number of womengoingto schoolincreases, the growth rate declines.
5、我們星球上的人口的爆炸正在以驚人的速度(at an alarmingrate)加劇著,不過增長的百分比(the percentage of increase)在減小。地球上每五個人中就有一個(One out of every five people)是中國人,但中國的人口增長速度己經減慢了。隨著(as)受教育(going to school修飾the number ofwomen)的婦女越來越多,人口增長率正在下降。
6. FoodProction
6、糧食生產
7. The proction of grainseemsto be decreasingmainlybecauseof climate changes. Natural disasterslike storms and floodshavewashed awaymany crops.
7、穀物產量似乎正在減少,這主要是由於氣候的變化。暴風雨(storms)和洪水(floods)這類自然災害(natural disasters)毀掉了許多莊稼。(wash away 沖走;沖垮)
8.With lessland forcattle and sheep,less meat like beefand lamb is being proced. Proction of chicken, turkey and fishhas increased,however. The amount of ocean fishhas not increased,butfish farm proctionhas.
8、由於(with)可供飼養牛羊的土地減少了,牛肉和羊肉生產越來越少(less meat like beef and lamb is beingproced現在進行時被動語態)。不過雞肉、火雞肉和魚的產量提高了。但海魚(ocean fish)的產量沒有提高,只是人工養魚場(fish farm)的產量提高了。
9. Fish farming is veryefficient:procing a kilogram of fish utilizesless than2 kilograms of feed.In contrastittakes2.2 kilograms of feedtoproce 1 kilogram of chicken. Onekilogram of beefrequires7 kilograms of grain. People,therefore, may eatless red meatinthe future andmore fish.
9、養魚業(fish farming)的生產效率相當高(efficientadj. 有效率的):生產1公斤魚只需要不到2公斤的飼料(less than 少於;小於;不超過;utilize vt.利用),而(in contrast 與此相反;相比之下)生產1公斤雞肉需要2.2公斤的飼料,生產1公斤牛肉需要7公斤穀物(grain)。因此,人們將來可能會少吃紅肉(牛肉、羊肉等)(less red meet),多吃魚類(more fish)。
10. Energy
10、能源
11.Usingfossil fuelsfor energyhas not changed very muchbutwindenergy useis increasingsignificantly. Denmark, Germany, the Netherlands, Britain, and America havelarge wind power projects. China, India,Mexico, New Zealand, and Ukraine are also developing wind power.
11、以化石燃料為能源的情況(Using fossil fuels for energy)沒有發生多大變化,但是(but)對風力的利用正越來越受到重視(is increasingsignificantly)。丹麥、德國、荷蘭、英國和美國都有大型風力發電項目(large wind power projects)。中國、印度、墨西哥、紐西蘭和烏克蘭也正在開發風力發電。
12. Energy fromnuclearpower plantsissteadily increasingbutthe problem ofdangerous wastelimits growthin many regions.Becausemany electrical companies consider nuclear energytoo expensive,the trend istowardless dangerous sources of energy.
12、核電廠(nuclear powerplants)提供的能源在穩步上升,但因為核電廠的有害廢料(dangerous waste)問題,在許多地區其發展受到限制。由於許多電力公司都認為核能代價太大(too expensive太昂貴),因此總體趨勢是發展危險性小的能源(less dangerous sources of energy)。
13.Whilenatural gasuse is increasing,use of coalas fuelis decreasing. Naturalgas, an outstandingenergy source,can be used to heat homes, make electricity, and power cars.
13、隨著(while)天然氣使用量的增長,煤炭作為燃料的使用量(use of coal as fuel)正在減少。天然氣這種優質的(outstandingadj. 傑出的)能源可以用於家庭取暖、發電和驅動汽車。(be used to dosth. 被用來做…)
14. Economics
14、經濟
15.Ascountriesaround the world trademore withone another,more procts are available.Butthefast development of the world economywillbring aboutmany new problems.Withfewer trees, the paper instry is procing more paper fromrecycled materials.However,the paper-making processunfortunately damages the planetasit useslarge amounts of water, burnsfossilfuelsand proces large amounts ofchemicalwaste.
15、隨著(as)世界各國之間貿易量的增加(one another 彼此,通常為三者以上;each other 彼此,通常為兩者之間; trade vi. 交易),可買到的產品越來越多(be available 可供使用的)。但世界經濟的快速發展會帶來許多新問題(bring about 引起;導致)。由於樹木減少,造紙廠更多地依靠再生材料(recycled materials)造紙,但不幸的是(unfortunately),造紙工藝(the paper-making process)也對我們的星球造成損害(damages),因為(as)它要用大量的水,燃燒大量的化石燃料(fossil fuels),而且還會產生大量的化學廢料(chemical waste)。
16. Automobile proctionisdown,whilebicycle proctionis up. Crowded highways,high gasoline costs, and ease of bicycling are three reasons forthis change.
16、汽車產量在下降,而(while)自行車產量在上升。導致這一變化的三個原因是:高速公路擁擠不堪(crowded adj.擁擠的),汽油價格昂貴,而騎自行車出行輕便自如(ease n. 輕松;悠閑)。
17. Health
17、健康
18.Three major health trendsexistaswe begin the new century. Health careis better thanever.Medical research breakthroughs includefinding tumors earlyand saving livesthrough CAT scans and surgery. Surviving cancer is a new trend. HIV/AIDS,however,is spreadingquicklyall over the world.
18、在我們邁入新世紀之際,呈現出了三個主要的健康趨勢(three major health trends)。(1)衛生保健工作不斷改善(better thanever 好於以前),(2)醫學研究領域有新的突破(breakthrough n. 突破;突破性進展),包括利用CAT掃描(即計算機化X射線軸向分層造影掃描)和外科手術(surgery n.)來及早發現腫瘤並挽救生命(findingtumors early and saving lives)。癌症病人的生存率得到提高也是一個新趨勢。然而,艾滋病(HIV/AIDS)卻正在全世界迅速蔓延(spread vi. 傳播)。
19. The third major trend istowardan attitude of indifference. Peopleseem to have forgottenwaysto keep diseases under control.Althoughmedical sciencehad achievedcontrol overseveral dangerous diseases,some are returning. For instance, tuberculosis, once a dangerous killer, was cured. Now the disease is appearingagain.
19、(3)第三個趨勢是人們的態度變得越來越無動於衷。人們似乎已經忘記了(seem to have forgotten 不定式的完成時形式)如何控制疾病(to keep diseases under control不定式作定語,修飾ways)。雖然(although)醫學早已能夠控制若干危險的疾病(control over 控制;支配;征服),有些病卻正在卷土重來(some are returning)。例如(for instance),曾經是危險殺手(once a dangerous killer)的肺結核原本已被消滅(was cured),而現在這種疾病又死灰復燃了。
20. Nature
20、自然
21. Pollutioncontinuesto affect our forests and water.The bird population is decreasingbecause ofoil spills and spreading cities. Seas and oceans are changing.Treesarecut down, more soilwashesaway, and water qualityis affected.Many of these trees are in our rain forestswhere thick areas of plants and trees, home for many birds andanimals,aredisappearing.
21、污染不斷破壞著我們的森林和水源(continue to do sth.; continue 後接不定式作賓語)。由於(because of)海上石油泄漏(oil spills; spill n. 溢出)和城市不斷擴大,鳥類的數量正在減少。海洋在改變,樹木遭砍伐(被動語態;cut-cut-cut;cut down 消減;砍倒;wash away 沖走),越來越多的泥土被沖走,水質(water quality)受到了影響(被動語態)。許多熱帶雨林中的樹木遭到砍伐,那裡茂密的(thick)植物和樹木原本是許多鳥類和動物的家園,現在卻正在消失。
22. Conclusion
22、結論
23.Ourchallengesfor this new centuryare clear. The problems ofnumerousinhabitants onthis small planetwill continue to be important toeach of us. These challenges showthatall of usneedtobeinvolved insolving the problems.May wefind new waystoaccomplish the task?
23、在新世紀中,我們所面臨的挑戰是顯而易見的(clear)。在這個小小星球上(on this small planet)的很多人面對的問題(the problems of numerous inhabitants; numerousadj. 許多的; inhabitantn. 居民;居住者)仍將是關繫到我們每個人(each of us)的重大問題。這些挑戰表明,我們所有人(all of us)都必須參與解決這些問題(need to do sth. 需要做某事;be involved in參與,被捲入…中;涉及到…)。但願我們(may we)能找到新的途徑去完成這一使命(to accomplish the task不定式作定語,修飾new ways)。
關於本文的兩點說明:
在做「閱讀理解題」時,需要特別注意but, however,while, although等「轉折連詞」,理解它們前、後句子所要表達的意思。
as在本文中出現了幾種不同用法,as可是考試中的「大熱門」。
conj.(連詞):因為;隨著;雖然;當…時
As(隨著)the number of women going to school increases, the growth rate declines. (第5段)
As(隨著)countries around the world trade more with one another, more procts areavailable. (第15段)
However, the paper-making processunfortunately damagesthe planetas(因為)it uses large amounts of water, burns fossil fuels and proces large amountsof chemical waste. (第15段)
Three major health trends existas(當…時候)we begin the new century. (第18段)
prep.(介詞):當作;如同;以…身份
To understand a country』seconomy, economists check growth in an instrysuch as(比如)steel. (第2段)
While natural gas useis increasing,use of coalas fuel(作為燃料)is decreasing.(第13段)
練習:
1. encounterin the next 1,000 years?
A. What problems will our world B.What problems our world will
2. The proction of grain mainly because of climate changes.
A. seems to be decreased B.seems to be decreasing
C. seems to decrease D.seems to is decreasing
3. Natural disasters like storms and floods have washed amany crops.
A. away B. out C. in D. to
4. With less land for cattle and sheep, less meat like beef andlamb .
A. are being proced B.is procing
C. is being proced D.is proced
5.However, the paper-making process unfortunately damagesthe planet it uses large amounts of water, burns fossilfuels and proces large amounts of chemical waste.
A. as B. so C.if D. with
6. Automobile proction is down, bicycle proction is up.
A. which B. while C. where D.when
7.The third major trend is toward an attitude of .
A.difference B. indifferent C. indifference D. different
8.These challenges showthat all of us solving the problems.
A.need to are involved in B.need to be involved
C.needs to be involved in A.need to be involved in
;