英語高考標題類閱讀
『壹』 高考英語閱讀理解題
英語的閱讀理解題在考試里占據著半壁江山。下面是我網路整理的高考英語閱讀理解題以供大家學習。
高考英語閱讀理解題(一)
Most rain forests lie close to the equator(赤道), where the climate is often mild and there are long hours of sunshine. The warmth of the land heats the air above, causing it to rise and tiny drops of water to fall as rain. The rainfall can reach at least 98 inches a year. This wet, warm world with plenty of sunlight is perfect for plants to grow, so the trees grow fast with green leaves all the year round. The trees themselves also have an effect on the climate. They gather water from the soil and pass it out into the air through their leaves. The wet air then forms clouds, which hang over the treetops like smoke. These clouds protect the forest from the daytime heat and night-time cold of nearby deserts, keeping temperatures fit for plant growth.
Rain forests slightly farther away from the equator remain just as warm, but they have a dry season of three months or more when little rain falls. Tree leaves fall ring this dry season and new leaves grow when the wet season or monsoon(雨季) begins. Thus these areas are known as the "monsoon forest".
Another type of rain forest grows on tropical mountains. It is often called the "cloud forest" because clouds often hang over the trees like fog.
The rain forest is the ideal place for the growth of many different trees. Most of them depend on animals to eat their fruits and spread their seeds. When the fruits are eaten, the seeds inside them go undamaged through animals' stomachs and are passed out in their droppings. The seeds lying on the forest floor then grow into new trees.
64. The climate of the rain forests near the equator is ______.
A. mild, wet and windy B. hot, rainy and foggy C. hot, wet and cloudy D. warm, wet and sunny
65. We can learn from the passage that ______.
A. tree leaves are green all the time in the monsoon forest
B. there is a dry season in the cloud forest on tropical mountains
C. clouds help the plants in the rain forests near the deserts to grow
D. the formation of climate in the rain forest has little to do with the trees
66. According to the passage, ______ play the most important role in the spreading of seeds.
A. animals B. droppings C. fruits D. winds
67. This passage is most likely to be found in _______.
A. a travel guide B. a story book C. a technical report D. a geographical book
高考英語閱讀理解題(二)
Danielle Steel, America's sweetheart, is one of the hardest working women in the book business. Unlike other proctive authors who write one book at a time, she can work on up to five. Her research time before writing takes at least three years. Once she has fully studied her subjects, ready to dive into a book, she can spend twenty hours nonstop at her desk.
Danielle Steel comes from New York and was sent to France for her ecation. After graation, she worked in the public relations and advertising instries. Later she started a job as a writer which she was best fit for. Her achievements are unbelievable: 390 million copies of books in print, nearly fifty New York Times best-selling novels, and a series of "Max and Martha" picture books for children to help them deal with the real-life problems of death, new babies and new schools. Her 1998 book about the death of her son shot to the top of the New York Times best-selling list as soon as it came out. Twenty-eight of her books have been made into films. She is listed in the Guinness Book of World Records for one of her books being the Times best-seller for 381 weeks straight.
Not content with a big house, a loving family, and a view of the Golden Gate Bridge, Danielle Steel considers her readers to be the most important resource(資源) and has kept in touch with them by e-mail. While she is often compared to the heroines(女主人公) of her own invention, her life is undoubtedly much quieter. But, if she does have anything in common with them, it is her strength of will and her inimitable(獨特的) style. There is only one Danielle Steel.
60. Danielle Steel is different from other writers in that ____.
A. she can write several books at the same time
B. she often does some research before writing a book
C. she is one of the most popular American women writers
D. she can keep writing for quite a long time without a break
61. Children who have read "Max and Martha" picture books may know ______.
A. how to deal with affairs at school
B. what to do if Max and Martha die
C. what to do when new babies are born into their families
D. how to solve the difficult problems in their writing classes
62. One of Danielle Steel's achievements is that ______.
A. some TV plays were based on her books B. her picture books attracted a lot of young men
C. one of her books became a best-seller in 1998 D. she wrote the Guinness Book of World Records
63. We can learn from the passage that Danielle Steel _____.
A. lives an exciting life B. values her readers a lot
C. writes about quiet women D. is pleased with her achievements
『貳』 關於高考英語閱讀理解題的應考技巧
■策略一、緊扣主旨大意
高考英語閱讀理解的主旨大意題主要是考查考生在理解全文的基礎上運用概括、判斷、歸納、推理等邏輯思維的方法對文章進行高度的概括或總結的能力。常見的設問方式有：
●標題類：what'sthebesttitle/headlinefor
thepassage？
●大意類：thetextismainlyabout__.the
topic/_.fromthepassage，wecanconcludethat_.
inwritingthepassage？
針對主旨大意類型的題，考生可以掌握以下解題策略：把握文章邏輯結構，快速找出主題；尋找主題句，確定文章中心思想；將首段中心句和各段第一句話連接成一個整體，得出文章主題；逆向思維法解標題類問題。
一、把握文章邏輯結構，快速找出主題
高考閱讀理解文章的主要邏輯結構：
1、時間順序。按時間先後順序說明某一事件、某一理論的發展過程，屬於這種結構的文章主題通常在首段或末段。
2、“總說-分述”結構。首段做總的說明，其他段落分別說明或具體論述首段的觀點，屬於這種結構的文章主題在首段。最典型的是新聞報道類文章，此類體裁的文章在近年高考閱讀中逐漸增多。一般這類文章都有固定格式：城市名稱(新聞社)———新聞內容。掌握一些國際知名新聞社的英文名稱是必要的，路透社reuters，美聯社associatedpress，法新社agencefrancepresse。梁世
3、“分述-總說”結構。前面幾段分別說明，末段總結。屬於這種結構的文章主題在末段。
二、尋找主題句，確定文章中心思想
不是所有的文章都有主題句，對於大部分有主題句的文章來說，主題句表達了文章的中心思想，找到了主題句，也就抓住了文章的主旨大意。主題句呈現的形式有：
1、在文首。文章開門見山，提出主題，隨後擺事實、講道理來解釋、支撐和發展主題句所表達的主題思想。2、在文帶渣緩中。通常前面只提出問題，隨之陳述細節引出主題，而後做進一步的解釋、支撐或發展。3、在文尾。在表述細節後，歸納要點，得出結論，以概括主題。
三、將首段中心句和各段第一句話連接成一個整體，得出文章主題
通常有些文章會在首段提出一個重要論點，隨後在各段分別進一步從不同角度繼續闡述，這樣我們可以找出首段的中心句，再將其和各段第蠢模一句串聯在一起，就可以得出文章的中心思想。如：(2006北京卷d篇71題)
？
a.
b.-ment
c.
d.
第一段：
infantdeathcaused，motherandchild.
第二段：oneofthesepremodernattach-ment-
intothesecondyear.…
第三段：athirdpracticewhichhadthe
samedistancingeffectwaswet-nursing.…
從第一段的中心句和各段的第一句不難看出，這篇文章的標題應該是ment.
四、逆向思維法解標題類問題
(2005全國i卷b篇62題)whatwould
bethebesttitleforthetext？
a.across-countrytripb.aspecialbor-derpassc.anunguardedborderd.anexpensivechurchvisit
如果標題是across-countrytrip，那麼文章應該講述一次出境旅行；如果標題是aspecialborderpass，那麼文章應該著重講一個特殊的邊境通行證；如果標題是anunguardedborder，那麼文章應該側重講邊境如何不設防；如果標題是anexpensivechurchvisit，那麼文章應該講一次禮拜如何花費昂貴了。經過這樣的逆向思維，我們不難發現文章的內容恰好與標題anexpensivechurch
visit一致，因此應該選d。
一、對於寫作意圖的把握
1.注意連接詞的使用：，mydad
tookmetothewildliferefuge.heneeded
-iment.atfirst，.whatifonetriedtoeatme？butwehadalotofhelp，and
mydadknewalotaboutalligators，soitwasok.
first，but，so等展開的。所設題目是：
？
a.
fiercealligatorsb.
c..
某些句型表面看上去是比較級，而實際上是最高級含義。mymotherdeci-dedtotakemeonthetrip.itcouldn'tbebetter.(itcouldn'tbebetter=it'sgreat.意為“太好了”)
注意虛擬語氣的使用。.(我多麼希望已通過了駕照考試呀！)此句暗含的事實是：並沒通過考試。
3.將自己想像為故事中的主人公，體會其心理感受
有一篇文章，寫一個老太太剛剛在海邊買了一座別墅，打算在那裡度過餘生。因為那裡的氣候濕潤溫暖，更適合她的健康。此時她站在曾經生活了25年的房子里，最後環顧這曾經裝載了她的大半生的房子。所給的問題是：？正確答案是：herfeelingiscomplex.其他的選項如sheishappy/she
issad等都片面。只要我們設身處地站在老太太的位置上想一想，就不難找到正確答案。
4.把握全篇文脈，仔細揣摩事情發生的背景
我們不僅要掌握一定的語言知識，還需要平時儲備一定的邏輯推理能力以及必要的西方的文化背景知識，才能完全領會文章的主旨或者其所滲透出的幽默感。請看下面這篇介紹父子關系的文章。第一句話就開門見山：myfatherandiwereveryclose.hewasalwaysproudofmysuccess.然後用一個事例說明：ifiwonaspelingcontestatschool，hewasontopoftheworld.如果知道beontopoftheworld是“高興至極”的意思，也只是理解了語言的表層含義。接下來：wheniwasnamedpresidentofthe
fordmotorcompany，ididn'tknowwhichofuswasmoreexcited.正確理解了上文的鋪墊，才會真正領會此句暗含的意味及幽默：實際上父親比我還高興。如果對西方人的生活方式及習慣比較了解的話，也不難接受下面的句子：-
tunity———.我們再來繼續欣賞一下父親鮮明的個性：.-torcycle.unfortunately，myfatherandhis
motorcycledidn'tgetalongtoowell.he
.asaresult，.讀懂了這些，就不難理
解下文中為什麼父親不讓“我”擁有一輛自行車，反而當“我”剛滿16歲就讓我開車了。正確理解了文章的來龍去脈及內涵，對於文後題目的處理也就會輕而易舉了。
二、對於出題意圖的把握
1.正確理解一個事物的兩個方面
有些題目不是直接照搬原文的話，而是用一些另外的語言表達出同樣的意思，因此我們必須掌握用英文解釋英文的技能。如一篇介紹輟學學生的文章，文章先後兩次談到學生輟學後的感想。第一次：
theymadeamistakebygivingupand
.
第二次：.文後的題目是whichof
-age？正確答案是：.雖然
原文沒有像題目這樣明確說明，但其實這是一個事物的兩個方面；對於輟學的後悔其實就是希望繼續上學。通過正確推斷這些文句的含義，即可找出正確答案。
2.以文章內容為基礎進行判斷
■策略三、合理推理判斷
一、理解定義。判斷是對已知的事實仔細評價之後做出的合理決定。推理是對事實的內涵所做的陳述或以事實為依據對未知所做的陳述。注意無論是判斷還是推理都是以已知事實為依據。
二、推理題常見的提問形式。常以infer，
imply，indicate，suggest，conclude，learn，in-
tend，mean，describe，purpose等詞提問。
或含有表推測的情態動詞，如can，could，might，would等和其他表示可能性的動詞，如probably，mostlikely等。
三、具體策略
1.通過辨認細節的技巧，找到相關的事實或證據，對這些事實或證據進行分析和評價，在此基礎上再作決定。切記：推斷是以文章提供的事實為依據，而不是憑空想像，更不是讀者自己的意願。
2.藉助常識。在推理判斷題中，我們平時積累的一些常識通常會派上用場。2006年陝西高考英語試卷中一篇關於通信發展史的閱讀最為典型。a.
faster.b.slower.大家都應知道交通越來越發達，郵電業當然是faster.此篇還涉及到有關發郵件的常識，如果同學們有這個commonsense，就如魚得水了。
3.務必要用排除法。排除法在此類題型中發揮著不可磨滅的作用。根據在文章中找到的事實依據和常識排除錯誤信息，再排除和文章中一詞不差的信息(文章里的原句不會是推理判斷出來的結果，但通過同義詞或句型轉換過的選項有可能是正確答案)，最後再排除無關或偏離信息，正確答案就不言而喻了。
4.詞句段篇，相互交融。詞的理解要放在句子里，句子的理解要靠段，段的理解也離不開篇。單獨說floor誰都知道是什麼意思，但…，inherownhandwriting…這個語境里是surprised的意思。因此不能獨立地看某個詞或某句話。此外，學生對一詞多義或一些習語的積累也是很有必要的，這就要靠同學們課下多下工夫了。
例heisanoldcobbler(修鞋匠)withashopinthemarais，ahistoricareainparis.whenitookhimmyshoes，heat
firsttoldme：“ihavenotime.takethem
;he'll
fixthemrightaway.”
buti'.justlookingathisbench
，iknewhewasaskilledcraftsman(手藝人).“no，”ireplied，“theotherfellowcan'tdo
itwel.”
“theotherfellow”wasoneofthose
“while-u-wait”-.theyworkcarelessly，andwhentheyhavefin-ishedsewingbackasandalstrap(鞋帶)you
.
mymansawiwouldn'tgivein，andhesmiled.hewipedhishandsonhisblueapron(圍裙)，lookedatmyshoes，，“comebackinaweek.”.
“seewhaticando？”hesaidwithapride.“onlythreeofusinpariscando
thiskindofwork.”
whenigotbackoutintothestreet，
theworldseemedbrand-newtome.(傳說)，-
ingfamiliarly，hisverystrange，styfelthat，hisfunnyaccentfromwho-knows-whereand，aboveal，hisprideinhiscraft.
thesearetimeswhennothingisim-portantbutthebottomline，“pays”，when，inshort，peoplelookonworkasapathtoever-increasingconsumption(消費)-ties.-tionfrom
prideinajobweldone.
1.？
a.
tools.b.hewastheonlycobblerinthe
marais.c.hewasproudofhisskils.d.hewasanativeparisian.
2.thesentence“.”impliedthat___
a.
likehimb..themanwasvery
stranged.themanwastooold
解析：1.c文中多處提到關於自豪的字眼acobblerwhogetshisgreatest
.andhesaidwithapride.這正是c項的涵義。a，d是無關信息文中沒有提及排除b是錯誤選項。依據：theotherfellow還有onlythreeofusinpariscando…
2.a說他像古代傳奇中的人物。言行，打扮尤其對自己手藝的自豪，現代社會罕見。insuchaperioditisarare
.b，d在文章中沒有任何依據，排除。c項的strange很有迷惑性但文中說到的是strangehatnottheman.
■【試試看吧】
allthroughmyboyhoodandyouth，iwasknownasanidler;，whichwastolearntowrite.ikeptalwaystwobooksinmypocket，onetoread，onetowritein.asiwalked，
words;whenisatbytheroadside，iwouldeitherread，orapencilandanote-bookwouldbeinmyhand，.thusilivedwithwords.
;.(thoughiwishedthat，too)asthati
.;andipractisedtoacquireit.;-.but
iworkedinotherwaysalso;ioftenaccom-，inwhichiplayedmanyparts;.
thiswasallexcellent，nodoubt..goodasitwas，.andregardedastraining，ithad
onegravedefect;.sotherewasperhapsmoreprofit，astherewascertainlymoreeffort，in
mysecretlaboursathome.wheneveri
，，(巧妙特色)inthestyle，imustsitdownatonceandsetmy-selftoapethatquality.iwasunsuccessfulandiknew
it;andtriedagain，;-ticeinrhythm，inharmony，.ihavethus
playedtheselousapetohzlitte，tolamb，towordsworth，todefoe，to
hawthorne.that，likeitornot，istheway
tolearntowrite;whetherihaveprofitedornot，thatistheway.itwasso，ifwecouldtraceitout，thatallmenhavelearned.
1.inthispassage______.
a.
successful
b.
c.
d.
learningtowrite
2.fromthispassagewecaninferthat____.
a..
b.
learningtowrite
c.
fromone'syoungerdays
d.failureisthemotherofsuccess
參考答案db
『叄』 英語閱讀理解題中標題配對的解題指導
標題配對是英語閱讀理解題中的重要題型之一，教師在備考復習時應注意下列要點。
一、 熟悉標題的語言特點
近幾年高考英語閱讀理解考查實踐表明，標題配對常有下列幾種句式。
1. 短語式
短語式標題可為單純的名詞短語，也可為帶介詞（表示範圍）的名詞或動名詞短語，句式簡潔，觀點明確，立場分明。如：
Ireland, Past and Present(2011年安徽卷)
Weakness and Kindness(2011年廣東卷)
Banking on Gardening(2011年新課標全國卷)
2. 陳述句式
陳述句式標題為一個簡短的陳述句，它可清晰表達作者的觀點和寫作目的。如：
Law could bury ancient secrets for ever, archeologists warn(2011年上海卷)
TV Will Better the World(2010年福建卷)
3. 疑問句式
疑問句式標題可為一般疑問句、特殊疑問句，也可為反意疑問句，這種標題發人深省，勸告力度大。如：
Shouldn』t We Know Who Invented the Windshield Wiper? (2011年江蘇卷)
Why do I read?(2010年四川卷)
4. 問答式
問答式標題由簡短的問句和答句所構成，問句常表示條件，答句常表示結果，觀點邏輯性強，勸誡力度大。如：
Need speed? Slow down. (2011年四川卷)
二、 了解標題的擬定原則
標題的擬定應遵循下列三個原則。
1. 高度的概括性
首先，標題必須用簡短的文字反映文章的主題，對文章內容進行高度的濃縮，這樣讀者一看到標題就會對文章將要介紹的內容有一個大致了解，也就會帶著期待性心理愉悅順暢地閱讀文章。
2. 強烈的針對性
雖然標題是對文章內容的高度概括，但也不能太過於籠統、抽象、泛化，而失去對文章具體內容的指向，否則即使看到標題讀者也無法了解文章的主題和所要介紹的大致內容，這樣閱讀文章就失去了方向感、成功感和滿足感。
3. 一定的醒目性
任何標題都是為了吸引讀者，因此其必須精彩亮麗，具有一定的醒目性。這樣的標題或短小精悍、言簡意賅，或句式對稱、豐滿挺拔，或新穎時尚、情感動人，充滿美感，醒人眼目。當然，標題也不應一味求醒目性而忽視高度的概括性和強烈的針對性，醒目性應服從於概括性和針對性，這是一個十分重要的原則。
三、 掌握標題的配對方法
既然標題是用精彩簡短的語言反映文章的主題，因此尋找關鍵信息提煉主題是解題的關鍵。實踐表明，主題信息常常在文章的下列位置出現。
1. 在文章首句出現
首句是文章最先展現在讀者面前的具體內容，也常常是作者最想表達的觀點，因此它最有可能成為文章主題。利用這一點常常可以快速尋找到主題信息，成功配對標題。必須注意的是，閱讀首句時停留時間要長，閱讀次數要多，思考的深度應深，這樣就不會因疏忽大意而錯過在剛開始閱讀文章時就捕捉住主題信息並成功提煉出主題的機會。
例1：【原文】Human remains of ancient settle?鄄ments will be reburied and lost to science under a law that threatens research into the history of humans in Britain, a group of leading archeologists(考古學家) says. In a letter addressed to the justice secretary, Ken Clarke, 40 archeologists write of their 「deep and widespread concern」 about the issue. It centers on the law introced by the Ministry of Justice in 2008 which requires all human remains unearthed in England and Wales to be reburied within two years, regardless of their age. The decision means scientists have too little time to study bones and other human remains of national and cultural significance. (2011年上海卷閱讀理解C篇首節)
【試題】Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?
A. New discoveries should be reburied, the government demands.
B. Research time should be extended, scientists require.
C. Law on human remains needs thorough discussion, authorities say.
D. Law could bury ancient secrets for ever, archeologists warn.
分析：答案為D。認真閱讀分析原文第一節不難發現，首句「Human remains of ancient settlements will be reburied and lost to science under a law that threatens research into the history of humans in Britain, a group of leading archeologists says」為主題信息，對其加以提煉不難得出D為答案。這是一個陳述式句標題，用樸素的語言清楚表明了作者的觀點。
2. 在文章首節其他內容中出現
不少情況下作者在亮明自己觀點之前需要先過渡一下，或先推出多個畫面、舉出特定例子然後亮明自己的觀點，或先介紹錯誤觀點然後道出正確觀點。顯然，首節其他內容尤其末句也很有可能成為主題信息，閱讀時應仔細認真，弄清哪一個句子是作者真正想表達的觀點，是其與讀者真正想分享的內容。
例2：【原文】In the animal kingdom, weakness can bring about aggression in other animals. This sometimes happens with humans also. But I have found that my weakness brings out the kindness in people. I see it every day when people hold doors for me, pour cream into my coffee, or help me to put on my coat. And I have discovered that it makes them happy.(2011年廣東卷閱讀理解A篇首節)
【試題】Which of the following is the best title for the passage?
A. A Wheelchair Experience.
B. Weakness and Kindness.
C. Weakness and Strength.
D. A Driving Experience.
分析：答案為B。認真閱讀分析原文不難發現，首節第三句「But I have found that my weakness brings out the kindness in people」為主題信息，表明作者認為弱者的存在可以導致強者的善良，簡潔一下文字不難得出B為答案。這是一個短語式標題，用最簡潔的文字揭示了弱者與善良之間的關系。
例3：【原文】We know the famous ones―the Thomas Edisons and the Alexander Graham Bells―but what about the less famous inventors? What about the people who invented the traffic light and the windshield wiper(雨刮器)? Shouldn』t we know who they are?(2011年江蘇卷閱讀理解A篇首節)
【試題】Which of the following can best serve as the title of this passage?
A. How to Help Students to Sell Their Inventions to Procers?
B. How to Design a Built-in Device for Cleaning the Window?
C. Shouldn』t We Know Who Invented the Windshield Wiper?
D. Shouldn』t We Develop Invention Courses in Universities?
分析：答案為C。認真閱讀分析原文首節不難發現，末句「Shouldn』t we know who they are?」為主題信息，追蹤句中they的指代不難發現C為答案。這是一個反意疑問句式標題，觀點強烈，語氣堅定，勸告力度大。
3. 在文章末節出現
還有一些時候，作者先不直接亮明自己的觀點，而用具體例子或詳細論證來展開文意，直到文章快要結束時才表明自己的觀點，道出自己的寫作目的。因此文章末節也有可能包含文章主題信息。閱讀文章時如果不能在首節確定主題不要著急，應耐心閱讀下文尤其末節，只有這樣才能成功獲取主題信息，配對標題。
例4：【原文】Strategic speed serves as a kind of leadership. Teams that regularly take time to get things right, rather than plough ahead full bore, are more successful in meeting their business goals. That kind of strategy must come from the top.(2011年四川卷閱讀理解E篇末節)
【試題】Which could be the best title for the text?
A. Improve quality? Serve better.
B. Deliver value? Plough ahead.
C. Rece time? Move faster.
D. Need speed? Slow down.
分析：答案為D。認真閱讀分析原文末節不難發現，「Teams that regularly take time to get things right, rather than plough ahead full bore, are more successful in meeting their business goals」含主題信息：商家不能不顧一切強調生產速度，造成產品質量下降，而應該定期花時間進行調整。精簡一下語言不難得出D為答案。這是一個問答式標題，清楚地表達了「欲速則不達，想快就要慢」的道理，哲理性強，說服力強。
需要說明的是，有時文章也可能沒有明確的主題信息，而需要考生讀完文章後進行概括和總結。此時不能著急，而應沉著冷靜地思考作者想表達的是什麼觀點，其在贊揚什麼，批評什麼，從而准確概括出文章主題。有時文章每一段的段首有一個段落主題句，抓住這些段落主題句並聯系起來思考一下，可以快速高效地概括文章內容，提煉文章主題。限於篇幅，這里不再贅述。
『肆』 英語閱讀選標題技巧方法
英語閱讀選標題技巧方法
小標題選擇也是近年來考研英語中出現的新題型之一。下面是我為大家整理的英語閱讀選標題技巧方法，歡迎參考~
解題步驟
1、閱讀題目要求，確定文章主題。很多考生都會忽略這一步，但這恰恰是讓你在最短時間內了解文章內容的重要方法;
2、通讀短文，了解各段落內容並作簡單概括，留意該段核心詞彙(圍繞什麼展開敘述)、首尾句等;
3、閱讀小標題，將小標題和段落進行匹配;
4、參看全文，對答案進行檢驗，看是否存在段落與標題不夠匹配的情況。
解題技巧
小標題的解題技巧主要集中在段落和小標題關聯性的比對上：
1、關注段落首句、第二句，看是否有沒有關鍵詞和短語和待選小標題的詞相同，若有，列為重點，再進一步比對詳細內容;
2、快速掃視段落，有無某詞或事物反復提到多次，再看該詞或該事物是否有在小標題中出現，若有，則列為重點，再進一步比對詳細內容;
3、若前面兩項都沒有，則回到段落首末句，看看小標題中出現了首末句重點詞的同義替換表達，若有，則該項就是答案。
總的來說，小標題中一般包含對某一段落核心內容的再現，只是再現的方式不同，一般包括原詞再現、同義詞再現、詞義再現三種形式，第一種在解題過程中很容易就能看出，後兩種則需要細心比對。
拓展：高考英語閱讀七選五的技巧
技巧一：從細節邏輯上判斷---因果關系
在做題時最重要的是要讀懂空白前後的句子，明白這幾句話的確切意思，然後根據意思的連貫性或邏輯性從選項中選取正確答案。在讀懂意思的基礎上，判斷它們之間的關系來進一步確認答案。
因果關系主要指前後的句子有著原因和結果之間的關系，這種關系往往說明了前因後果或者前果後因等情況。表示因果關系的連詞有as a result結果，thus/therefore因此，so (such)...如此------以至於等。
技巧二：從細節邏輯上判斷---轉折關系
轉折關系主要指英語行文中後句對前句構成逆轉邏輯關系。如果空格前後兩句話之間是邏輯上的逆轉，則空格處很有可能是個轉折邏輯的句子。
表示轉折關系的連接詞有：However然而, nevertheless仍然，然而，不過, nonetheless盡管如此，依然，然而, still還;然而, though可是，不過，然而, yet然而, in spite of不顧，不管, at any rate無論如何，至少, in any case無論如何，不管怎樣, whoever無論是誰, whatever無論什麼，on the contrary正相反, in contrast與此相反, 相比之下, by contrast相反, 相比之下, in comparison比較起來，比較地, by comparison相比之下, conversely相反(地), otherwise否則;除此以外，not---but不是-----而是，as well也等。
技巧三：從細節邏輯上判斷---例證關系
前後句的某句是為了證明另一句而舉的例子。例證的形式多樣，但就其本質而言無非是思維上的形象(例子、類比等)和抽象(觀點)的辯證關系，用到的思維過程無非就是基本的歸納(從例子到觀點)和推理(從觀點到例子)。
技巧四：從細節邏輯上判斷---遞進關系
遞進關系主要指英語行文中後句對前句是一種順承邏輯關系。如果空格前後兩句話之間是邏輯上的層進關系，則空格處很有可能是個遞進的句子。
表示遞進關系的連詞有：also也, 而且, further另外(的);, furthermore而且，此外, likewise同樣地，照樣地;也，又, similarly相似地，類似地, moreover而且再者，此外, in addition另外，加之, what』s more更重要的是, too也，還, either也, neither兩者都不, not only…but also不但…而且等。
技巧五：從細節邏輯上判斷---平列關系
表示列舉關系的有：first首先, 第一, second第二, third第三…; firstly第一, 首先, secondly第二(點);其次, thirdly第三…; first第一, next其次, then那麼, 然後…; in the first place第一，首先, in the second place第二, 其次…; for one thing首先，一則, for another thing其次…; to begin with首先，第一, to conclude首先，第一等
技巧六：從詞彙線索上判斷---代詞
英語表達中的代詞出現的頻率極高，代詞的作用是指代前面提及的名詞或形容詞概念，巧妙利用這樣的`指代關系和根據代詞的單復數差異可以准確而快速地解題。
技巧七：從詞彙線索上判斷---同義詞/近義詞
英語前言後語之間往往有同義詞、近義詞、近義表達語甚至相同詞彙的重復使用，這是我們解題的一個很好的判斷線索。其實就其本質而言，上文講的代詞和下文將涉及的上下義詞和同一范疇詞都是特殊的同義/近義詞。
技巧八：從詞彙線索上判斷---上下義詞/同一范疇詞
上下義詞和同一范疇詞就是前者包含了後者，或可以說後者是前者的一個子集。利用前後句中這樣的特殊的同義關系常常可以很輕松地解題。
技巧九：從試題位置上判斷---問題在段首
假如問題出現在段首，它通常是段落主題句。認真閱讀後文內容，根據段落一致性原則，查找同義詞或其他相關的詞，推斷出主題句。
另外著重閱讀後文第一兩句，鎖定線索信號詞，然後在選項中查找相關特徵詞。
通常正確答案的最後一句與空白後的第一句在意思上是緊密銜接的，因此這兩句間會有某種的銜接手段，尤其當選項是幾句話時。
技巧十：從試題位置上判斷---問題在段尾
所選答案是引出下一段的內容。如果在選項中找不出與前文之間的關聯，此時可考慮與下一段開頭是否有一定的銜接。認真閱讀下一段開頭幾句，看是否與選項的最後一句緊密連接起來。
分析與前文是轉折或是對比關系。此時要注意在選項中查找表示轉折、對比的關聯詞，同時注意選項中所講內容是否與前文在同一主題上形成對立、對比關系。
如果第一段的段尾是空白，要認真閱讀，看此處是細節還是主題。通常文章第一段要提出文章的主題，如果在段尾提出主題，會用一些信號詞如轉折詞引出來，正確答案中應有這樣的特徵詞。
;『伍』 高考英語閱讀理解的命題規律及解題方法
高考英語閱讀理解的命題規律及解題方法
高考英語的學習不僅需要知識的積累與運用，同時也需要掌握一定的技巧和方法，為了幫助准高三考生進行高考英語復習備考，我為大家整理了高考英語閱讀理解的命題規律以及解題方法，一起來看一下吧!
【高考英語閱讀理解的命題規律及解題方法】
一、命題規律
此題型以說明文居多，有少數的記敘文和議論文，短文詞數300-350，正文詞數210-270左右，選項詞數60-80左右。短文結構長為：提出問題——解決問題。文中有五處空白，要求學生根據文章結構和內容給出的七個選項中選出五個能填入文章空白處的最佳選項。設空類型一般有標題句類、中心句類以及上下文銜接句類。總體來說，實體的難度比常規閱讀理解試題有所降低，突出考查學生的邏輯思維能力。
二、答題思路及注意事項
1、觀察文章中的設題及選項特點來確定不同的解題策略
在做閱讀理解七選五前，先迅速瀏覽文中五個空的設置特點，如果設空處在主題或者標題的位置，答案一般會是那些短小精悍的短語或祈使句，此時學生需要根據整個段落的內容並結合選項來把握正確答案。如果設空處在段首，且十個完整的句子，一般來說是段落中心句，這就需要學生認真閱讀後文內容，根據段落一致性原則，查找同義詞或其他相關的詞，推斷出中心句。如果設空處是段落間的過渡句，這時要“瞻前顧後”找提示，即閱讀上一段結尾部分(通常正確答案可與上一段結尾有效連接起來)，並結合下一段內容，看所有答案是否將兩段內容連貫起來。如果空設在段中，則要根據上下文的邏輯關系來觀察選項，如果空設在短尾，那麼空白處的前一句或前兩句是重點，注意鎖定關鍵詞，這時選項應該是總結性語句，選項中常會出現therefore，as a result，thus，in short，in a word這樣的詞語。
2、辨別語境線索，根據題的設空特點來選擇不同的解題方法
學生在做該題型時，可以邊讀邊做題，重點閱讀設空處前後的句子，圈定線索詞，然後從選項中尋找相關的特徵詞，以確定答案。做題時可以採用帶入排除法。如果遇到做不出或拿不準答案的題目，可以跳過空格，先做容易的題，直到讀完整篇文章。至此，文章的要點和主旨，各個段落之間的邏輯關系就基本清楚了。這時，再將多餘的選項放入空白處，看看是否與上下文構成語義和邏輯上的直接關系，是否符合語境，是否能承接前後的寫作線索。不同的設空特點選擇不同的解題辦法，逐一選定，逐一排除。
3、初步確定答案後，放入文中進行復查
在初步選定答案後，學生應該通讀全文，檢查文中內容是否完整，語言是否連貫合理，各段落內容是否緊扣主題，語篇結構是否合乎邏輯，從而判斷選擇的答案是否正確。同時，學生應學會將相近的選項進行對比分析。由於個別干擾項對於某個正確選項的內容具有很強的干擾性，這就需要學生認真分析，仔細甄別，排除干擾，從而得出正確答案，答題時學生一定要清楚文章的主旨或寫作意圖，不要參雜個人觀點，想當然的盲目選擇。
三、解題技巧
1、詞彙復現法
復現，是保證文章前後銜接而經常使用的一種寫作手段，即作者在上下文的不同位置會對同一個概念進行重復性的描述。復現關系，主要是同義詞復現，近義詞復現，反義詞復現等。但是單純地從復現上找答案也會影響准確性，因為不同的選項會多次出現同一詞彙，所以學生需要注意和其他方法相結合。
2、詞彙同現法
詞彙同現是指屬於同一詞彙或者跟此詞彙相關的同一領域的詞彙在文中共同出現，達到語義銜接的目的。學生可以在選項中找到與此詞彙最相近的詞，從而達到快而準的.目的，圖chooese和choice，think about與consider，concentrate on與put their heart into，cook與ingredient，express thoughts and ideas和communicate ideas等。一般來說，上下文詞彙練習越接近，上下文的銜接關系越緊密。
3、代詞或數次代入法
英語表達中代詞出現的頻率較高，代詞的作用無非是指代表前面提及的名詞或者形容詞概念，如he/she，they，it，them，they等，巧妙利用這樣的指代關系和單詞的單復數差異就可以准確而迅速的解題。數次代入不是很多，但是有時候，作者在寫文章時為了強調自己的觀點，會列出一些數字，除了和其他數字進行對比和比較之外，學生可以用數據來說明一個觀點。
4、邏輯關系法
由於英語的句子之間，段落之間經常會用一些關聯詞或者某些具有關聯作用的副詞來進行銜接或者過渡，使文章上下文邏輯更加清楚連貫，因此文章中表示邏輯關系的信號詞在選擇答案時非常關鍵的。在做題的時候，將不同的表示邏輯關系的詞有效結合起來，如表示並列或者遞進關系的詞表示前後句子的名詞或句意具有同指性，表示轉折關系或讓步關系的詞往往表示句意對立或褒貶對立或肯定否定對立;表示例證關系的詞則意味著在舉例之前或之後有表述概念或某一觀點沒，在表例證的時候會出現for example，for instance，such as這樣的片語。下面例舉幾種常用的關聯詞或片語：
(1)表示並列或遞進關系的詞：and，or，also，neither...，equally，in the same way，that is to say，as well as，besides，furthermore，moreover，in addition to，what‘s more等;
(2)表示因果關系的詞：because，for，since，therefore，so，so...that...，consequently，accordingly，eto，thanks to，as a result，for this reason等;
(3)表示轉折或讓步關系的詞：but，however，yet，on the contrary，by contray，by contrast，on the other hand，unfor-tunately，while，unlike，rather than，instead of，although，though，even if，nevertheless，despite，in spite of等;
(4)表示時間或者先後順序的詞：afterwards，at first，at last，finally，first，firstly，in the first place，second，secondly，to begin with等。
;『陸』 高考英語閱讀理解主旨大意題解題技巧
高考英語閱讀理解主旨大意題解題技巧
導語：高考復習的重點一是要掌握所有的知識點，二就是要大量的做題，以下是我為大家精心整理的高考英語閱讀理解主旨大意題解題技巧，歡迎大家參考！
閱讀理解之主旨大意題
我們閱讀一篇文章， 首先是要了解其大意， 明確其主旨。因此， 主旨大意題是常考題。主旨大意題包括：主要內容(main idea, mainly about)型、文章標題(title)型、寫作目的(purpose)型。廣東高考近幾年來考查過的題目中mainly about只考過4題，title題考了5題， purpose題考了5題。
解題技巧
1.弄清文章的大意， 關鍵是找到主題句。
主題句的位置：主題句通常在文首、文末或首尾呼應， 有時也在文中，或沒有主題句，需根據文章所述內容進行歸納。各段的主題句也常在該段的首句或尾句。議論文和說明文一般有主題句，但記敘文通常沒有主題句，需要歸納。
2.找主題句的方法：用瀏覽法(skimming)，即
快速閱讀文首、文尾，或每段的首句和尾句等，搜索主題線索和主題信息。找主題句的四個小竅門：
(1)段落中出現表轉折的詞語(如however, but, in fact, actually等)時， 該句很可能是主題句。
(2)首段出現疑問句時， 對該問題的回答很可能就是文章主旨。
(3)作者有意識地反復重復的觀點，通常是主旨;反復出現的詞語，一般為體現文章主旨的關鍵詞。
(4)表示總結或結論的話常有therefore, thus, in short, conclude, conclusion等。
3.關於干擾項和正確答案。
(1)干擾項可能屬文中某個具體事實或細節;可能屬文中某些 (不完全的)事實或細節片面推出的錯誤結論;可能屬非文章事實的主觀臆斷。
(2)正確答案：是根據文章意思全面理解而歸納概括出來的;但不能太籠統、言過其實或以偏概全。
4.在閱讀理解中，主旨大意題常有以下幾種命題方式： (1)Main idea型：選擇項多為陳述句，要求考生選擇表達作者思想或觀點的.句子。題干多為如下形式：
①What's the main idea/point of the passage?
②The passage is mainly about________.
③The passage is mainly concerned about________.
④Which of the following best states the main idea of the passage?
⑤Which of the following statements best expresses the main idea/theme of the passage?
⑥In this passage the author discusses primarily______.
⑦The subject discussed in this text is________.
⑧The general/main idea of the passage is about________.
(2)Main purpose型：選擇項多為動賓結構，要求考生找到主要的寫作目的，常見以下幾種題干形式：
①What's the purpose of the passage?
②The passage is meant to________.
③The purpose of the article is to________.
④In this passage the writer tries to tell us that________.
⑤The passage tells us that________.
⑥The author's main purpose in writing the passage is to ...
(3)標題型：選擇文章標題是另一類對主旨大意題考查的形式，命題形式：
①The best title of the passage is________.
②Which of the following is the best title of the passage?
③The best title for the passage is________.
④The most appropriate title of the passage is________.
In the animal kingdom, weakness can bring about aggression in other animal. This sometimes happens with humans also. But I have found that my weakness brings out the kindness in people. I see it every day when people hold doors for me, pour cream into my coffee, or help me to put on my coat. And I have discovered that it makes them happy.
典型例析
From my wheelchair experience, I see the best in people...Often, we try every way possible to avoid showing our weakness...But only when we stop
pretending we're brave or strong do we allow people to show the kindness that's in them.
30.Which of the following is the best title for the passage?
A.A Wheelchair Experience.
B.Weakness and Kindness.
C.Weakness and Strength.
D.A Driving Experience
解析：主旨大意題。在第一段中，出現了表轉折的But...可知，「But I have found that my weakness brings out the kindness in people」便是主題句，再根據第二段最後一句可以確定，這句的確是主題句。又因標題要簡明、醒目，故選B。
答案：B
In a world with limited land, water and other natural resources (資源), the harm from the traditional business model is on the rise. Actually, the past decade has seen more and more forests disappearing and globe becoming increasingly warm. People now realize that this unhealthy situation must be changed, and that we must be able to develop in sustainable (可持續的)ways. That means growth with low carbon or development of sustainable
procts.In other words, we should keep the earth healthy while using its supply of natural resources.
Today, sustainable development is a proper trend in many countries....In recent years the markets for sustainable procts have grown by more than 50%.
45.What is the main purpose of the passage?
A.To introce a new business model.
B.To compare two business models.
C.To predict a change of the global market.
D.To advocate sustainable development.
解析：主旨大意題。在第一段中，出現了轉折的Actually，其後的「People now realize that this unhealthy situation must be changed，and that we must be able to develop in sustainable(可持續的)ways」是主題句，隨後的兩句話都是對這一句進
行解釋;句中兩個must清楚表明了作者「提倡可持續發展」，第二段首句「Today，sustainable development is a proper trend in many countries」進一步說明，作者寫這篇文章的主要目的是「提倡可持續發展」。故選D。
答案：D
Although the use of the expression is an insincere, meaningless social custom at times, there is nothing wrong with the sentence except that it is little uninteresting. The salesgirl, the waitress, the teacher, and all the countless others who speak it without thinking may not really care about my day. But in a strange and comfortable way, it's nice to know they care enough to pretend they care when they really don't care all that much. While the expression may not often
be sincere, it is always spoken. The point is that people say it all the time when they like.
30.What is the best title of the passage?
A.Have a Nice Day — a Social Custom
B.Have a Nice Day — a Pleasant Gesture
C.Have a Nice Day — a Heartwarming Greeting
D.Have a Nice Day — a Polite Ending of a Conversation
解析：主旨大意題。由該段的第一句(特別是custom一詞)可知。
答案：A
(2013年高考)Imagination and fantasy can play an important role in achieving the things we fear.Children know this very well. Fred Epstein，in his book If I Make It to Five，tells a story he heard from one of friends about Tom，a fouryearold boy with a cancer in his back bone.He came through several operations and a lot of pain by mastering his imagination
…
It doesn't mean that you should dress as a superhero for you next job interview. But，next time you are tested in a way that seems impossible, imagine what it would take to overcome it. Become the person you need to become to win over your challenge and do it in your mind first. So，let your imagination run wild，and dare to dream.
30.What is the purpose of the passage?
A.To tell us an interesting story.
B.To help us make right decisions.
C.To advise us to care about children.
D.To encourage us to use our imagination.
解析：主旨大意題。由文章首句Imagination and fantasy can play an important role in achieving the things we fear和全文末句So, let your imagination run wild, and dare to dream可知，作者寫這篇文章的目的是鼓勵我們運用我們的想像力。
答案：D
;『柒』 高考英語閱讀理解題型及解題技巧
高考英語閱讀理解題型及解題技巧如下：
1、題型分類：主旨大意題，答題技巧：閱讀理解文章多是議論文和說明文，這兩種文體的結構可歸納為：提出問題——論述問題——得出結論或者闡明觀點。對於這類文章，抓主題句是快速掌握文章大意的主要方法。
2、細節理解題，答題技巧：可直接找到相關細節，但需經過計算方可找到答案。
3、推理判斷題，答題技巧：推斷題是考查大家透過文章表面的文字信息進行分析、綜合、歸納等邏輯推理的能力。推理和判斷必須以事實為依據，切莫主觀臆斷。
4、詞義猜測題，答題技巧：通過因果關系猜詞通過因果關系猜詞。專業老師在線權威答疑 zy.offercoming.com
『捌』 高考英語閱讀理解訓練題及參考答案
高考英語閱讀理解【1】
Blondin was a very famous acrobat(雜技師) in the 19th century. He used to walk on a tight--rope across the Niagara Falls(瀑布). On September 8th, 1860, a crowd of about 300,000 people gathered at Niagara to watch Blondin carry a man across! Three men had offered to go with him, but they falled to appear, so Blondin asked his manager, Mr. Colcord, to climb on his back, Colcord agreed to go this so as not to disappoint the crowd, but he was terrified. The crossing was very difficult because Colcord was heavier than Blondin thought. After he had gone a short way, Blondin had to stop in order to rest. He asked Colcord to get down. At first Colcord refused, but at last he had to. He clung to (緊緊握住) Blondin’s leg and the rope in order not to fall, Blondin had to stop six times ring the crossing so as to rest. Sometimes the rope swung(盪，擺動) as much as 40 feet! At last both men crossed safely. The crowd sighed with relief(松一口氣) and so did poor Mr. Colcord.
1. How did Blondin walk across Niagara Falls on September 8th , 1860?
A. On a tight—rope with his manager on his back.
B. On a tight—rope by himself.
C. On a tight—rope with three men on his back.
D. On a tight—rope with one of his helpers on his back.
2. Why do you think the three men did not appear?
A. They couldn’t walk on tight-rope. B. They did not dare to take the risk.
C. They were ill. D. They had met with an accident.
3. Mr. Colcord agreed to act with Blondin because he .
A. was brave
B. was Blondin’s true friend
C. did not want to disappoint the 300,000 people
D. was Blondin’s manager
4. Blondin stopped six times ring the crossing .
A. in order to help Colcord
B. in order to get his strength back
C. because Colcord clung to his leg and the rope
D. because Colcord was heavier than him
5. Blondin’s nationality was .
A. American B. Canadian
C. Englishman D. not mentioned in the passage
高考英語閱讀理解【2】
One day last November, Tom Baker stopped out of his house into the morning light and headed across the rice fields toward the bank of the Rapti River. Tom, a 32-year-old school teacher in the farming village of Madanpur, was going for his morning bath.
As he approached(走近) the river, the head of a tiger(老虎) suddenly appeared over the edge of the river bank. Before he could turn to run, the tiger was upon him. It jumped on his shoulder and threw him to the ground, its huge jaws attacked his head in a killing bite.
Peter Smith was also on his way to the river and saw the attack. He screamed. The tiger lifted its head and roared(吼叫) at him. Peter ran.
From the window of his house John Brown heard the tiger roar and ran out to see it attacking a man. He screamed, too, and all the villagers ran out shouting as the tiger dropped its victim(犧牲品) and ran off. When the villagers reached the river bank, Tom was already dead.
For the villagers, the horror of the incident intensified(加劇) by the tales of man-eating tigers that has once run around in the countryside, killing hundreds.
1. How many people saw the tiger before it was driven off?
A One person. B. Two persons. C. Three persons. D. Four persons.
2. What was the victim’s professional job?
A. A hunter. B. A teacher. C. A farmer. D. A manager.
3. The reason why the tiger attacked the man was .
A. it was hungry B. it was angry
C. it was frightened by the man D. not mentioned in the passage
『玖』 高考英語閱讀理解試題附答案
高考英語閱讀理解試題附答案
做英語閱讀理解題的時候不能只是做，還要學會分析和總結。為了幫助大家，我分享了一些閱讀理解試題，希望能對大家有所幫助!
高考英語閱讀理解試題【1】
Very few people were coming to eat at the White Rose Restaurant, and its owner did not know what to do. The price was reasonable and the food was of good quality, but nobody seemed to want to eat there.
Then he did something that changed all that, and in a few weeks his restaurant is always full of men with their lady friends. Whenever a gentleman came in with a lady, a smiling waiter gave each of them a menu(菜單), The menu looked exactly the same on the outside, but there was an important difference inside. The menu that the waiter gave to the man supplied the correct price for each dish and each bottle of wine. while the menu that he gave to the lady supplied a much higher price! So when the man calmly ordered dish after dish and wine after wine, the lady thought he was much more generous(慷慨) than he really was.
41. Why didn’t people come to the White Rose Restaurant to eat at first?
A. Because the price was high.
B. Because the food was too cheap.
C. Because the food was not good.
D. The passage didn’t mention.
42. According to the passage we can conclude that the people who eat at this restaurant are mostly _______________.
A. poor old people B. rich young people
C. men with their girl friends D. parents with their children
43. The difference between the two kinds of menu lie in ______________.
A. the color B. the shape
C. the price D. the food
44. According to the passage we can infer that when men with their girl friends eat at this restaurant, the food was paid ___________________.
A. always by the ladies only
B. always by the men only
C. sometimes by the ladies
D. either by the men or by the ladies
45. According to the passage we can know that, generally speaking, ____________.
A. men are more generous than women
B. women are more generous than men
C. men like their lady friends to be generous.
D. women like their men friends to be generous
【答案與解析】 41—45 DCCBD
A篇：本文主要講述: 盡管 White Rose 餐館價錢合理，飯菜也好，但很少有人光顧，店主為此想出了一條妙計，從此餐館生意興隆。
41. D。推理判斷題。根據第一自然段可知原文沒有說人們為什麼不到餐館就餐，所以答案為D。
42. C。細節理解題。根據第二自然段第1句 …his restaurant is always full of men with their lady friends 可知答案為 C。
43. C。細節理解題。根據第二自然段 The menu that the waiter gave to the man supplied the correct price for each dish and each bottle of wine. While…the lady supplied a much higher price 可知答案為 C。
44. B。推理判斷題。根據最後一句 So when the man calmly ordered dish after dish and wine after wine, the lady thought he was much more generous than he really was 可推斷出答案為B。
45. D。推理判斷題。根據原文可知侍者給男士的那個菜單價格合理，而給女士的那個菜單價格卻很高，但兩種菜單表面上看卻一樣，這樣女士就會認為她們的男友很大方，因此餐館的這種做法很受男士歡迎，由此可知女人們喜歡自己的男友大方。所以答案為 D。
高考英語閱讀理解試題【2】
When you look at yourself in the mirror, do you ever wonder why you look the way you do? Do you also wonder what biological processes were at work to shape your face, which is as indivial and unique as a fingerprint?
The answer is in a little piece of your DNA called a gene enhancer(增強片段),according to scientists at Berkeley Lab. These little pieces6 of DNA help switch on or boost the expression of specific genes, that control the development of the face and head before birth. What's interesting about these little influential bits of DNA is that a gene enhancer doesn't have to be found anywhere close to the genes and, in some cases, doesn't even have to be located on the same chromosome.
Of course, there are a number of hereditary(遺傳) factors which help determine appearance, for example, a child resembles a parent. The researchers, who outlined their findings in the journal Science, said the gene enhancer adjusts the genes to give your face its final unique look. Even with look similar but are not exactly the same in appearance.
"Our results suggest that there are thousands of enhancers in the human genome that are involved in facial development," said Axel Visel, a geneticist with Berkeley Lab's Genomics Division, who led the research. "We don't know yet what all of these enhancers do, but we do know that they are out there and they are important for facial development."
Scientists have previously been able to identify some of the genetic faults that can cause birth defects, such as a cleft lip(兔唇), but haven't been able to fully understand what genetic factors are responsible for subtle differences in appearance.
26. The author put forward two questions at the beginning of the passage to ________.
A. expect readers to answer them
B. carry out a survey among readers
C. start a discussion among readers
D. draw readers attention to the topic
27. From Paragraph 3, we know that________.
A. identical twins look similar but not exactly the same
B. hereditary factors determine our appearance completely
C. a child resembles a parent because of afterbirth factors
D. the gene enhancer is something useless and unimportant
28. The underlined word "subtle" in Paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to"___________".
A. not a little
C. not small B. not a bit D. not obvious
29. According to the passage, which statement is NOT true?
A. A cleft lip is a kind of birth defects which are caused by genetic faults.
B. Genetic faults can not be identified and fully understood with today's technology.
C. Gene enhancers have something to do with the facial development according to the research
D. The relation between genetic factors and subtle differences in appearance remains a mystery.
30. Which part of a website is the passage probably taken from?
A. Culture.
C. Science.
B. Opinion. D. Business.
【參考答案】26-30 DADBC
你照鏡子的時候，曾想過為什麼會是這個樣子嗎?你還想過什麼生物過程在起作用使你的臉像指紋一樣與眾不同嗎?
26. D。作者意圖題。通讀全文及第一段可知答案。27. A。細節理解題。從第三段最後兩句Even with identical twins, there are subtle differences in appearance. Identical twins Linda and Terry Jamison look similar but are not exactly the same in appearance.可知答案。
28. D。詞義猜測題。從第三段最後一句Identical twins Linda and Terry Jamison look similar but are not exactly the same in appearance.可知即便是十分相像的雙胞胎，外貌上也是有很細微的'差別的。
29. B。細節理解題。從最後一段的Scientists have previously been able to identify...but haven’t been able to fully understand...可知答案。
30. C。推理判斷題。該短文是科普文章，故要到網站的科學信息部分才能讀到。
高考英語閱讀理解試題【3】
Grown- ups are often surprised by how well they remember something they learned as children but have never practiced ever since. A man who has not had a chance to go swimming for years can still swim as well as ever when he gets back in the water. He can get on a bicycle after many years and still ride away. He can play catch and hit a ball as well as his son. A mother who has not thought about the words for years can teach her daughter the poem that begins “Twinkle, twinkle, little star” or remember the story of Cinderella or Goldilocks and the Three Bears.
One explanation is the law of overlearning, which can be stated as follows: Once we have learned something, additional learning trials increase the length of time we will remember it.
In childhood we usually continue to practice such skills as swimming, bicycle riding, and playing baseball long after we have learned them. We continue to listen to and remind ourselves of words such as “Twinkle, twinkle, little star”and childhood tales such as Cinderella and Goldilocks. We not only learn but overlearn.
The multiplication tables (乘法口訣表) are an exception to the general rule that we forget rather quickly the things that we learn in school, because they are another of the things we overlearn in childhood. The law of overlearning explains why cramming (突擊學習) for an examination, though it may result in a passing grade, is not a satisfactory way to learn a college course. By cramming, a student may learn the subject well enough to get by on the examination, but he is likely soon to forget almost everything he learned. A little overlearning, on the other hand, is really necessary for one’s future development.
1. What is the main idea of Paragraph 1?
A. People remember well what they learned in childhood.
B. Children have a better memory than grown- ups
C. Poem reading is a good way to learn words.
D. Stories for children are easy to remember. 2. The author explains the law of overlearning by.
A. presenting research findings
B. setting down general rules
C. making a comparison
D. using examples
3. According to the author, being able to use multiplication tables is
A. a result of overlearning
B. a special case of cramming
C. a skill to deal with math problems
D. a basic step towards advanced studies
4. What is the author’s opinion on cramming?
A. It leads to failure in college exams.
B. It’s helpful only in a limited way.
C. It’s possible to result in poor memory. D. It increases students’learning interest.
【參考答案】ADAB
;『拾』 高考英語閱讀理解題及參考答案
在閱讀過程中，為了既迅速又准確地理解代章的含義，利用信號詞預測非常重要。信號詞可以揭示句子內在關系或代章各部分之間的關系。特別是在快速閱讀時，它能幫助考生預測代章信息，提高閱讀速度。
第一篇：
Today just as technology changed the face of instry, farms have experienced an “agricultural revolution”. On the farm of today, machines provide almost all the power.
One of the most important benefits will be the farm computer. A few forward-looking farmers are already using computers to help them run their farms more efficiently. The computers help them keep more accurate records so they can make better decisions on what crops to plant, how much livestock (家畜) to buy, when to sell their procts, and how much profit they can expect. Many computer companies have been developing special computer programs just for farmers. Programs are being written for pig procers, grain farmers, potato farmers, and dairy farmers. In the future, farmers will be able to purchase computer programs made to their needs. Because of the growing importance of computers on the farm, students at agricultural colleges are required to take computer classes in addition to their normal agricultural courses. There can be no doubt that farmers will rely on computers even more in the future. While the old-time farm depended on horse power, and modern farms depend on machine power, farms of the future will depend on computer power.
Another technological advance which is still in the experimental stage is the robot, a real “mechanized hired hand” that will be able to move and, in some ways, think like a human being. Agricultural engineers believe that computer-aided robots will make shocking changes in farming before the end of the century. Unlike farmers of the present, farmers of the future will find that many day-to-day tasks will be done for them. Scientists are now developing robots that will be able to shear (修剪) sheep, drive tractors, and harvest fruit. Even complex jobs will be done by robots. For example, in order to milk their cows, farmers must first drive them into the barn, then connect them to the milking machines, watch the machines, and disconnect them when they are finished. In the future, this will all be done by robots. In addition, when the milking is completed, the robots will automatically check to make sure that the milk is pure. The complete change of the farm is far in the future, but engineers expect that some robots will be used before long.
1. According to the passage, computers can not help farmers decide _______.
A. how much money they can earn from their procts
B. whether to plant a certain kind of crop
C. what livestock to raise
D. when to sell their procts
2. Which of the following statements is true?
A. Farmers in the future will depend totally on computers.
B. Farmers mainly use machines on their farms at present.
C. Both computers and robots have been in use on today’s farms.
D. Students at agricultural colleges needn’t take their normal agricultural courses.
3.What is the best title for the whole passage?
A. Computer, Farmers’ Best Friend
B. Farmers in The Future
C. The Agricultural Revolution
D. Computers and Robots
第二篇：
History is full of cases where dreams have been a pathway to creativity and discovery. A striking example is provided by Dr. Otto Loewi, a pharmacologist (葯理學家) and winner of a Nobel Prize. Loewi had spent years studying the chemical transmission of nerve impulses (脈搏). A tremendous breakthrough in his research came when he dreamed of an experiment three nights in a row. The first two nights he woke up and wrote down the experiment quickly and untidily on paper. But the next morning, he couldn’t tell what the notes meant. On the third night, he got up after having the dream. This time, instead of making notes he went straight to his laboratory and performed the important experiment. Loewi later said that if the experiment had occurred to him while awake he would have rejected it.
Loewi’s experiment gives some insight into using dreams to proce creative solutions. Nervous feelings are reced ring dreaming, which may be especially useful in solving problems that require a fresh point of view.
Being able to take advantage of dreams for solving is improved if you “set” yourself before retiring. Before you go to bed, try to think intently about a problem you wish to solve. Bury yourself in the problem by stating it clearly and reviewing all relevant information. Then use the suggestions listed in the previous section to catch your dreams. Although this method is not guaranteed to proce a novel solution or a new insight, it is certain to be an adventure. About half of a group of college students using the method for a week recalled a dream that helped them solve a personal problem.
1. The main idea of this passage is that________.
A. very little is really known about the meaning of dreams
B. it is possible to "catch" one's dreams by planning before going to sleep
C. dreams can be useful in procing creative solutions to one's problems
D. Loewi's experiment helped in the study of transmission of nerve impulses
2. The first paragraph is mainly organized by________.
A. classifying types of experiments
B. summarizing the work of one researcher
C. comparing and exploring historical cases
D. telling in time order about one man's researchf
3. If Loewi had thought of the experiment while awake, he would have________.
A. asked someone else to do it
B. thought it was a bad idea
C. tried it out on his own
D. thought it was a wise idea
4. The author probably thinks that________.
A. Loewi should not have concted his experiment
B. dreaming is of very little value to most people
C. inhibitions may stop someone thinking of useful ideas
D. college students should not try out dream experiments
5. The author seems to be in favor of________according to the passage.
A. seeking creative solutions
B. avoiding scientific experiments
C. inhibitions before dreams
D. becoming a famous scientist
>>>>>>參考答案<<<<<<
第一篇：
1.C. 細節理解題。根據文章第二段第三句中how many live-stock to buy可知表數量。
2.B. 細節理解題。根據文章第一段第一句可知。
3.C. 主旨大意題。標題中關鍵詞是 agricultural revolution.
第二篇：1.C 2.D 3.B 4.C 5.A