全國高考英語科普類閱讀

Ⅰ 2022年高考英語全國甲卷 - 閱讀理解B

Goffin's cockatoos, a kind of small parrot native to Australasia, have been shown to have similar shape-recognition abilities to a human two-year-old. Though not known to use tools in the wild, the birds have proved skilful at tool use while kept in the cage. In a recent experiment, cockatoos were presented with a box with a nut inside it. The clear front of the box had a "keyhole" in a geometric shape, and the birds were given five differently shaped "keys" to choese from. Inserting the correct "key" would let out the nut.
戈芬的鳳頭鸚鵡是一種原產於澳大拉西亞的小鸚鵡，它的形狀識別能力相當於兩歲兒童。盡管野外的這些鳥不知道使用工具，但事實證明，在籠中長大彎吵的可以熟練使用。最近的一次實驗中，給鳳頭鸚鵡一個盒子，盒子里有一顆堅果。盒子正面有一個幾何形狀的「鑰匙孔」，給這些鳥五個不同形狀的「鑰匙」讓它們從中選擇。插入正確的「鑰匙」堅果會掉出來。

In humans, babies can put a round shape in a round hole from around one year of age, but it will be another year before they are able to do the same with less symmetrical shapes. This ability to recognize that a shape will need to be turned in a specific direction before it will fit is called an "allocentric frame of reference". In the experiment, Goffin's cockatoos were able to select the right tool for the job, in most cases, by visual recognition alone. Where trial-and-error was used, the cockatoos did better than monkeys in similar tests. This indicates that Goffin's cockatoos do indeed possess an allocentric frame of reference when moving objects in space, similar to two-year-old babies.
人純槐類的嬰兒大約一歲左右就可以在圓孔中放入圓形物品，但要想在對稱性較差的情況下也能做到這一點，還需要一年的時間。這種能夠識別形狀需要朝特定方向轉動才能匹配的能力被稱為「異中心參照系」。在實驗中，戈芬的鳳頭鸚鵡能夠在大多數情況下僅通過視覺識別來選擇合適的工具。經過反復試驗，類似的測試中，鳳頭鸚鵡比猴子表現更好。這表明，當在空中移動物體時，戈芬的鳳頭鸚鵡確實具有異中心參照系，類似於兩歲的嬰兒。

The next step, according to the researchers, is to try and work out whether the cockatoos rely entirely on visual clues, or also use a sense of touch in making their shape selections.
根據研究人員的說法，下一步是嘗試確定做鬧友鳳頭鸚鵡是完全依賴視覺線索，還是在選擇形狀時也使用觸覺。

Ⅱ 高三的英語閱讀理解

高三的英語閱讀理解

以下是我跟大家分享的高三英語的閱讀理解練習以及答案，希望大家喜歡!

第一篇：

A little under one-third of U.S. families have no Internet access and do not plan to get it, with most of the holdouts seeing little use for it in their lives, according to a survey released on Friday.

Park Associates, a Dallas-based technology market research firm, said 29 percent of U.S. families, or 31 million homes, do not have Internet access and do not intend to subscribe(預訂)to an Internet service over the next 12 months. The second annual National Technology Scan concted by Park found that the main reason why potential customers say they do not subscribe to the Internet is because of the low value to their daily lives rather than concerns over cost.

Forty-four percent of these families say they are not interested in anything on the Internet, versus just 22 percent who say they cannot afford a computer or the cost of Internet service, the survey showed. The answer “I’m not sure how to use the Internet” came from 17 percent of participants who do not subscribe. The response “I do all my e-commerce shopping and YouTube-watching at work” was cited by 14 percent of Internet-access users. Three percent said the Internet doesn’t reach their homes.

The study found U.S. broadband adoption grew to 52 percent over 2006, up from 42 percent in 2005. Roughly half of new subscribers converted(轉變)from slower-speed, dial-up Internet access while the other half of families had no prior access.

“The instry continues to chip(擊破)away at the core of non-subscribers, but has a long way to go,” said John Barrett, director of research at Parks Associates. “Entertainment applications will be the key. If anything will pull in the holdouts, it’s going to be applications that make the Internet more similar to pay-TV,” he predicted.

1. What does the underlined word “holdouts” in the first paragraph most probably mean?

A. some American families

B. those who hold out one’s opinions

C. those who have been surveyed

D. those who still haven’t access to the Internet currently

2. Many potential customers refuse to subscribe to the Internet mainly because _________.

A. they show too much concern about the cost B. they can find little value of it

C. they do most YouTube-watching at work D. the Internet doesn’t reach their homes

3. From the passage we can infer that ________.

A. It is not an easy job to transform those holdouts into the Internet users

B. people will adopt dial-up Internet access no more

C. many Americans enjoy doing e-commerce shopping at home

D. more than half of the population are using the Internet in 2005

4. According to John Barrett, what is the key to attracting more U.S. families to broadband service?

A. making the Internet look more similar to TV set

B. applying the Internet more to entertainment

C. providing more pay-TV programs

D. chipping away at the core of non-subscribers

5. Which is the best title for the passage?

A. Web develops with technology B. The present situation of web

C. Many Americans see little point to web D. It is urgent to promote web service

第二篇：

Something in chocolate could be used to stop coughs and lead to more effective medicines, say UK researchers.

Their study found that theobromine, found in cocoa, was nearly a third more effective in stopping coughs than codeine, which was considered the best cough medicine at present.

The Imperial College London researchers who published their results online said the discovery could lead to more effective cough treatment. “While coughing is not necessarily harmful(有害的) it can have a major effect on the quality of life, and this discovery could be a huge step forward in treating this problem,” said Professor Peter Barnes.

Ten healthy volunteers(志願者) were given theobromine, codeine or placebo, a pill that contains no medicine, ring the experiment. Neither the volunteers nor the researchers knew who received which pill. The researchers then measured levels of capsaicin, which is used in research to cause coughing and as a sign of how well the medicine are stopping coughs.

The team found that, when the volunteers were given theobromine, the capsaicin need to proce a cough was around a third higher than in the placebo group. When they were given codeine they need only slightly higher levers of capsaicin to cause a cough compared with the placebo.

The researchers said that theobromine worked by keeping down a verve activity(神經活動), which cause coughing. They also found that unlike some standard cough treatments, theobromine caused no side effects such as sleepiness.

1. According to Professor Barnes, theobromine ______.

A. cannot be as effective as codeine

B. can be harmful to people’s health

C. cannot be separated from chocolate

D. can be a more effective cure for coughs

2. What was used in the experiment to cause coughing?

A. Theobromine. B. Codeine. C. Capsaicin. D. Placebo.

3. We learn from the text that volunteers in the experiment _____.

A. were patients with bad coughs

B. were divided into the three groups

C. received standard treatments

D. suffered little side effects

4. Which of the following would be the best title for the text?

A. Codeine: A New Medicine B. Chocolate May Cure Coughs

C. Cough Treatment: A Hard Case D. Theobromine Can Cause Coughs

>>>>>>參考答案<<<<<<

第一篇：

1. D 根據前文one third of the U.S. families have no Internet access and do not plan to get it 可知

2. B 由第二段……found the main reason potential customers say they do not subscribe to the Internet is because of the low value to their daily lives they recognize……可知

3. A 從最後一段第一句可知

4. B 由最後一段“Entertainment applications will be the key”一句可知

5. C 從文章的寫作邏輯可知作者主要在談目前還有三分之一的美國家庭沒有網路服務，而B答案太寬泛

第二篇：

這是一篇科普性讀物。選材於醫學的某一方面的.研究――對巧克力中theobromine(可可鹼)獨特的治療咳嗽的功效的對比研究，證明theobromine(可可鹼)是未來有效的治療咳嗽的良葯。

1 D。推理判斷題。從第二段的Their study found that theobromine, found in cocoa, was nearly a third more effective in stopping coughs than codeine, which was considered the best cough medicine at present. 可看出theobromine比codeine更有效，判斷A項錯誤。既然它用來止咳，改善人們的生活質量，所以B項錯誤。在第一段提到了heobromine是從chocolate里提煉出來的，所以C項錯誤。故正確答案是D項。

2 C。細節理解題。A、B、D三項中的物品是用來做實驗的物品。在文章第四段最後一句The researchers then measured levels of capsaicin, which is used in research to cause coughing and as a sign of how well the medicine are stopping coughs. 可知Capsaicin(辣椒素)用來引起咳嗽和作為這些葯物如何止咳的依據。

3 B。推理判斷題。從第四段首句Ten healthy volunteers(志願者) were given theobromine, codeine or placebo, a pill that contains no medicine, ring the experiment. 可知實驗中每組人吃一種所給的物品才能看出止咳的效果，故需要三組志願者。

4 B。歸納主旨題。本文主要介紹chocolate中含有的一種成分Theobromine能有很好的止咳效果，所以該題的正確答案為B

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Ⅲ 2021年高考英語全國卷 - 閱讀理解C

When the explorers first set foot upon the continent of North America, the skies and lands were alive with an astonishing variety of wildlife. Native Americans had taken care of these precious natural resources wisely. Unfortunately, it took the explorers and the settlers who followed only a few decades to decimate a large part of these resources. Millions of waterfowl were killed at the hands of market hunters and a handful of overly ambitious sportsmen. Millions of acres of wetlands were dried to feed and house the ever-increasing populations, greatly recing waterfowl habitat.
當探險家們第一次踏上北美洲大陸時，天空和大地上到處都是各種各樣的野生動物，美洲土著人智慧地保護了這些寶貴的自然資源。然而僅僅幾十年，探險家和定居者們就奪走了這些資源中的大部分。數百萬只水鳥在市場獵人和一些野心勃勃的運動員手中被殺。上百萬英畝，用於喂養和容納不斷增加的水禽種群的濕地乾涸，水禽棲息地大大減少。

In 1934, with the passage of the Migratory Bird Hunting Stamp Act (Act), an increasingly concerned nation took firm action to stop the destruction of migratory waterfowl and the wetlands so vital to their survival. Under this Act, all waterfowl hunters 16 years of age and over must annually purchase and carry a Federal Duck Stamp. The very first Federal Duck Stamp was designed by J.N. 「Ding」 Darling, a political cartoonist from Des Moines, Iowa, who at that time was appointed by President Franklin Roosevelt as Director of the Bureau of Biological Survey. Hunters willingly pay the stamp price to ensure the survival of our natural resources.
1934年，隨著《候鳥狩獵郵票法案》的通過，越來越受到關注的國家採取了堅定的行動，制止對候鳥水禽以及對它們的生存至關重要的濕地的破壞。根據該法案，所有16歲及以上的水禽獵手每年都必須購買並攜帶聯邦鴨票。第一張聯邦鴨票是由J.N.「丁」達林設計的，他是愛荷華州得梅因的一位政治漫畫家，當時被富蘭克林·羅斯福總統任命為生物調查局局長。獵人願意購買鴨票，可以確保我們自然資源的生存。

About 98 percent of every ck stamp dollar goes directly into the Migratory Bird Conservation Fund to purchase wetlands and wildlife habitat for inclusion into the National Wildlife Refuge System — a fact that ensures this land will be protected and available for all generations to come. Since 1934, better than half a billion dollars has gone into that Fund to purchase more than 5 million acres of habitat. Little wonder the Federal Duck Stamp Program has been called one of the most successful conservation programs ever initiated.
每一張鴨票的98%直接進入候鳥保護基金，用於購買濕地和野生動物棲息地，納入國家野生動物保護區系統——確保這片土地得到保護，提供給子孫後代。自1934年以來，已有超過5億美元的資金投入該基金，用於購買超過500萬英畝的棲息地。難怪聯邦鴨票計劃被稱為有史以來最成功的保護計劃之一。

Ⅳ 2020年高考英語全國卷2 - 閱讀理解B

Some parents will buy any high-tech toy if they think it will help their child, but researchers said puzzles help children with math-related skills.
一些家長只要認為對孩子有益，他們就會購買任何高科技玩具，但研究人員認為拼圖有助於提高孩子們的數學相關技能。

Psychologist Susan Levine, an expert on mathematics development in young children the University of Chicago, found children who play with puzzles between ages 2 and 4 later develop better spatial skills. Puzzle play was found to be a significant predictor of cognition after controlling for differences in parents』 income, ecation and the amount of parent talk, Levine said.
芝加哥大學兒童數學發展專家心理學家蘇珊·萊文發現，在2歲到4歲之間玩拼圖游戲的孩子們隨後會發展出更好的空間技能。萊文說，在避免了父母收入、教育程度和父母交談量的差異後，拼圖游戲被認為是認知能力的一個重要預測因素。

The researchers analyzed video recordings of 53 child-parent pairs ring everyday activities at home and found children who play with puzzles between 26 and 46 months of age have better spatial skills when assessed at 54 months of age.
研究人員分析了53對父母與子女在家庭日常活動中的視頻記錄，發現26至46個月之間玩拼圖游戲的孩子在54個月大時空間技能更好。

「The children who played with puzzles performed better than those who did not, on tasks that assessed their ability to rotate and translate shapes,」 Levine said in a statement.
「玩拼圖游戲的孩子在評估他們旋轉和變換形狀能力要比沒有玩拼圖游戲的孩子好，」萊文在一份聲明中說。

The parents were asked to interact with their children as they normally would, and about half of children in the study played with puzzles at one time. Higher-income parents tended to have children play with puzzles more frequently, and both boys and girls who played with puzzles had better spatial skills. However, boys tended to play with more complex puzzles than girls, and the parents of boys provided more spatial language and were more active ring puzzle play than parents of girls.
研究人員要求父母像平時一樣與孩子互動，研究中約有一半的孩子曾玩過拼圖游戲。高收入的父母往往讓孩子多玩些拼圖，玩拼圖的男孩和女孩都會有更好的空間技能。不過，男孩往往玩的拼圖比女孩的更復雜，男孩的父母在玩拼圖游戲時比女孩的父母提供了更多的空間語言，也更活躍。

The findings were published in the journal Developmental Science .
研究結果發表在《發展科學》雜志上。

Ⅳ 2019年高考英語全國卷2 - 閱讀理解D

Bacteria are an annoying problem for astronauts. The microorganisms from our bodies grow uncontrollably on surfaces of the International Space Station, so astronauts spend hours cleaning them up each week. How is NASA overcoming this very tiny big problem? It』s turning to a bunch of high school kids. But not just any kids. It is depending on NASA HUNCH high school classrooms, like the one science teachers Gene Gordon and Donna Himmelberg lead at Fairport High School in Fairport, New York.
對宇航員來說，細菌是個煩人的問題。來自我們身體的微生物在國際空間站的表面不受控制地生長，所以宇航員每周要花數小時來清理它們。NASA是如何克服這個非常細微的大問題的？現在輪到一群高中生了，但不是所有高中生，這取決於NASA HUNCH高中課程，比如紐約州費爾波特市費爾波特高中的科學教師吉恩·戈登和唐娜·哈姆伯格。

HUNCH is designed to connect high school classrooms with NASA engineers. For the past two years, Gordon』s students have been studying ways to kill bacteria in zero gravity, and they think they』re close to a solution. 「We don』t give the students any breaks. They have to do it just like NASA engineers,」 says Florence Gold, a project manager.
HUNCH目的是將高中課程與NASA工程師連接。在過去的兩年裡，戈登的學生們一直在研究如何在零重力下殺死細菌，他們認為已經接近解決方案。項目經理弗洛倫斯·戈爾德說：「我們不給學生任何休息時間，他們必須像NASA的工程師一樣去做」。

「There are no tests,」 Gordon says. 「There is no graded homework. There almost are no grades, other than 『Are you working towards your goal?』 Basically, it』s 『I』ve got to proce this proct and then, at the end of year, present it to NASA.』 Engineers come and really do an in-person review, and...it』s not a very nice thing at times. It』s a hard business review of your proct.」
戈登說：「沒有考試，沒有評分作業。除了『你正在朝著你的目標努力嗎？』之外，幾乎沒有評分。基本上，它是『我必須生產這個產品，然後在年底前提交給NASA』。工程師們親自來做審查，然後……有時這並不好，對你的產品進行商業審查很難。」

Gordon says the HUNCH program has an impact on college admissions and practical life skills. 「These kids are so absorbed in their studies that I just sit back. I don』t teach.」 And that annoying bacteria? Gordon says his students are emailing daily with NASA engineers about the problem, readying a workable solution to test in space.
戈登說HUNCH 項目對大學入學和實際生活技能有影響。「這些孩子全神貫注於學習，我只是在那坐著，我不教他們。」那討厭的細菌呢？戈登說，他的學生每天都在給NASA的工程師發郵件，討論這個問題，准備一個可行的解決方案，在太空進行測試。

Ⅵ 高考英語閱讀理解訓練題及參考答案

2017高考英語閱讀理解訓練題及參考答案

高考英語閱讀理解文章材料題材新穎，包括故事、傳記、人物、傳說、生活常識、社會文化、天文、史地、科普知識、政治、經濟及名人逸事等。體裁也不一，有記敘文、說明文、議論文、應用文等。為了幫助大家熟悉各種材料，我整理了一些高考英語閱讀理解題，希望能幫到大家!

高考英語閱讀理解題【1】

A nobleman and a merchant once met in an inn. For their lunch they both ordered soup. When it was brought, the nobleman took a spoonful, but the soup was so hot that he burned his mouth and tears came to his eyes, The merchant asked him why he was weeping. The nobleman was ashamed to admit (承認) that he had burned his mouth and answered, “Sir, I once had a brother who committed a great crime (犯罪), for which he was hanged. I was thinking of his death, and that made me weep.” The merchant believed this story and began to eat his soup. He too burned his mouth, so that he had tears in his eyes. The nobleman noticed it and asked the merchant, “Sir, why do you weep?” The merchant, who now saw that the nobleman had deceived (欺騙) him, answered, “My lord(=master), I am weeping because you were not hanged together with your brother.”

1. This story teaches us ______.

A. not to eat in inns B. not to eat soup that is too hot

C.to cry when we burn our mouth D. not to believe everything you hear

2. The nobleman did not tell the truth because he ______.

A. was a nobleman felt ashamed C. was in an inn D. was angry

3. The nobleman should have ______.

A. smiled with joy B. shouted with laughter

C. told the truth D. scolded the waiter

4. It is probable that the nobleman ______.

A. had no brother who was hanged B. had a very good brother

C. knew the soup was too hot D. had never eaten soup

5. The merchant’s answer showed that be ______.

A. was very happy B. believed the nobleman

C. was angry with the nobleman D. had kind heart

高考英語閱讀理解題【2】

In a very real sense, people who have read good literature have lived more than people who cannot or will not read. To have read Gulliver’s Travels is to have had the experience of listening to Jonathan Swift, of learning about man’s inhumanity (殘酷) to man. To read Huckleberry Finn is to feel what it is like to drift (漂流) down the Mississippi River on a raft (木排). To have read Byron is to have suffered his rebellions with him and to have enjoyed his nose—thumbing at (對……的蔑視) society. To have read Native Son is to know how it feels to be frustrated (受挫折) in the particular way in which Blacks in Chicago are frustrated. This is effective communication (交流). It enables us to feel how others felt about life, even if they lived thousands of miles away and centuries age. It is not true that “We have only one life to live.” If we read, we can live as many more lives and as many kinds of lives as we wish.

1. The sentence “People who have read good literature have lived more than people who cannot or will not read” suggests that ______.

A. reading stimulates(激發) a desire to travel

B. reading broadens(擴大) a person’s experience

C. people who read much live longer

D. people who read are more relaxed

2. The author implies that good literature ______.

A. must deal with social problems B. must teach a lesson

C. is varied in subject and in content (內容) D. is always exciting and heart--warming

3. According to the author, reading good literature ______.

A. proces new income B. is quite useless

C. satisfies the curious D. opens new worlds to us(眼界)

4. The underlined word effective in this passage means ______.

A. actual B. striking C. existing D. having an effect

高考英語閱讀理解題【3】

When I lived in Spain, some Spanish friends of mine decided to visit England by car. Before they left, they asked me for advice about how to find accommodation (住所). I suggested that they should stay at ‘bed and breakfast’ houses, because this kind of accommodation gives a foreign visitor a good chance to speak English with the family. My friends listened to my advice, but they came back with some funny stories.

“We didn’t stay at bed and breakfast houses,” they said, “because we found that most families were away on holiday.”

I thought this was strange. Finally I understood what had happened. My friends spoke little English, and they thought ‘VACANCIES’ meant ‘holidays’, because the Spanish word for ‘holidays” is ‘vacaciones’. So they did not go to house where the sign outside said ‘VACANCLES’, which in English means there are free rooms. Then my friends went to house where the sign said ‘NO VACANCLES’, because they thought this meant the people who owned the house were not away on holiday. But they found that these houses were all full. As a result, they stayed at hotels!

We laughed about this and about mistakes my friends made in reading other signs. In Spanish, the word ‘DIVERSION’ means fun. In English, it means that workmen are repairing the road, and that you must take a different road. When my friends saw the word ‘DIVERSION’ on a road sign, they thought they were going to have fun. Instead, the road ended in a large hold.

English people have problems too when they learn foreign languages. Once in Paris. when someone offered me some more. coffee, I said ‘Thank you’ in French. I meant that I would like some more, However , to my surprise the coffee pot was taken away! Later I found out that ‘Thank you’ in French means ‘Mo, thank you.’

1. My Spanish friends wanted advice about ______.

A. learning English B. finding places to stay in England

C. driving their car on English roads D. going to England by car

2. I suggested that they stay at bed and breakfast houses because ______.

A. they would be able to practise their English

B. it would be much cheaper than staying in hotels

C. it would be convenient for them to have dinner

D. there would be no problem about finding accommodation there

3. “NO VACANCIES” in English means ______.

A. no free rooms B. free rooms C. not away on holiday D. holidays

4. If you see a road sign that says ‘Diversion’, you will ______.

A. fall into a hole

B. have a lot of fun and enjoy yourself

C. find that the road is blocked by crowds of people

D. have to take a different road

5. When someone offered me more coffee and I said ‘Thank you’ in French, I ______.

A didn’t really want any more coffee B. wanted them to take the coffee pot away

C. really wanted some more coffee D. wanted to express my politeness

6. I was surprised when the coffee pot was taken away because I ______.

A. hadn’t finished drinking my coffee B. was expecting another cup of coffee

C. meant that I didn’t want any more D. was never misunderstood

參考答案：

1D 2 B 3 C 4 A 5 C

1B 2 C 3 D 4 D

1B 2 A 3 A 4 D 5 C 6 B

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Ⅶ 高考英語閱讀理解試題附答案

高考英語閱讀理解試題附答案

做英語閱讀理解題的時候不能只是做，還要學會分析和總結。為了幫助大家，我分享了一些閱讀理解試題，希望能對大家有所幫助!

高考英語閱讀理解試題【1】

Very few people were coming to eat at the White Rose Restaurant, and its owner did not know what to do. The price was reasonable and the food was of good quality, but nobody seemed to want to eat there.

Then he did something that changed all that, and in a few weeks his restaurant is always full of men with their lady friends. Whenever a gentleman came in with a lady, a smiling waiter gave each of them a menu(菜單), The menu looked exactly the same on the outside, but there was an important difference inside. The menu that the waiter gave to the man supplied the correct price for each dish and each bottle of wine. while the menu that he gave to the lady supplied a much higher price! So when the man calmly ordered dish after dish and wine after wine, the lady thought he was much more generous(慷慨) than he really was.

41. Why didn’t people come to the White Rose Restaurant to eat at first?

A. Because the price was high.

B. Because the food was too cheap.

C. Because the food was not good.

D. The passage didn’t mention.

42. According to the passage we can conclude that the people who eat at this restaurant are mostly _______________.

A. poor old people B. rich young people

C. men with their girl friends D. parents with their children

43. The difference between the two kinds of menu lie in ______________.

A. the color B. the shape

C. the price D. the food

44. According to the passage we can infer that when men with their girl friends eat at this restaurant, the food was paid ___________________.

A. always by the ladies only

B. always by the men only

C. sometimes by the ladies

D. either by the men or by the ladies

45. According to the passage we can know that, generally speaking, ____________.

A. men are more generous than women

B. women are more generous than men

C. men like their lady friends to be generous.

D. women like their men friends to be generous

【答案與解析】 41—45 DCCBD

A篇：本文主要講述: 盡管 White Rose 餐館價錢合理，飯菜也好，但很少有人光顧，店主為此想出了一條妙計，從此餐館生意興隆。

41. D。推理判斷題。根據第一自然段可知原文沒有說人們為什麼不到餐館就餐，所以答案為D。

42. C。細節理解題。根據第二自然段第1句 …his restaurant is always full of men with their lady friends 可知答案為 C。

43. C。細節理解題。根據第二自然段 The menu that the waiter gave to the man supplied the correct price for each dish and each bottle of wine. While…the lady supplied a much higher price 可知答案為 C。

44. B。推理判斷題。根據最後一句 So when the man calmly ordered dish after dish and wine after wine, the lady thought he was much more generous than he really was 可推斷出答案為B。

45. D。推理判斷題。根據原文可知侍者給男士的那個菜單價格合理，而給女士的那個菜單價格卻很高，但兩種菜單表面上看卻一樣，這樣女士就會認為她們的男友很大方，因此餐館的這種做法很受男士歡迎，由此可知女人們喜歡自己的男友大方。所以答案為 D。

高考英語閱讀理解試題【2】

When you look at yourself in the mirror, do you ever wonder why you look the way you do? Do you also wonder what biological processes were at work to shape your face, which is as indivial and unique as a fingerprint?

The answer is in a little piece of your DNA called a gene enhancer(增強片段),according to scientists at Berkeley Lab. These little pieces6 of DNA help switch on or boost the expression of specific genes, that control the development of the face and head before birth. What's interesting about these little influential bits of DNA is that a gene enhancer doesn't have to be found anywhere close to the genes and, in some cases, doesn't even have to be located on the same chromosome.

Of course, there are a number of hereditary(遺傳) factors which help determine appearance, for example, a child resembles a parent. The researchers, who outlined their findings in the journal Science, said the gene enhancer adjusts the genes to give your face its final unique look. Even with look similar but are not exactly the same in appearance.

"Our results suggest that there are thousands of enhancers in the human genome that are involved in facial development," said Axel Visel, a geneticist with Berkeley Lab's Genomics Division, who led the research. "We don't know yet what all of these enhancers do, but we do know that they are out there and they are important for facial development."

Scientists have previously been able to identify some of the genetic faults that can cause birth defects, such as a cleft lip(兔唇), but haven't been able to fully understand what genetic factors are responsible for subtle differences in appearance.

26. The author put forward two questions at the beginning of the passage to ________.

A. expect readers to answer them

B. carry out a survey among readers

C. start a discussion among readers

D. draw readers attention to the topic

27. From Paragraph 3, we know that________.

A. identical twins look similar but not exactly the same

B. hereditary factors determine our appearance completely

C. a child resembles a parent because of afterbirth factors

D. the gene enhancer is something useless and unimportant

28. The underlined word "subtle" in Paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to"___________".

A. not a little

C. not small B. not a bit D. not obvious

29. According to the passage, which statement is NOT true?

A. A cleft lip is a kind of birth defects which are caused by genetic faults.

B. Genetic faults can not be identified and fully understood with today's technology.

C. Gene enhancers have something to do with the facial development according to the research

D. The relation between genetic factors and subtle differences in appearance remains a mystery.

30. Which part of a website is the passage probably taken from?

A. Culture.

C. Science.

B. Opinion. D. Business.

【參考答案】26-30 DADBC

你照鏡子的時候，曾想過為什麼會是這個樣子嗎?你還想過什麼生物過程在起作用使你的臉像指紋一樣與眾不同嗎?

26. D。作者意圖題。通讀全文及第一段可知答案。27. A。細節理解題。從第三段最後兩句Even with identical twins, there are subtle differences in appearance. Identical twins Linda and Terry Jamison look similar but are not exactly the same in appearance.可知答案。

28. D。詞義猜測題。從第三段最後一句Identical twins Linda and Terry Jamison look similar but are not exactly the same in appearance.可知即便是十分相像的雙胞胎，外貌上也是有很細微的'差別的。

29. B。細節理解題。從最後一段的Scientists have previously been able to identify...but haven’t been able to fully understand...可知答案。

30. C。推理判斷題。該短文是科普文章，故要到網站的科學信息部分才能讀到。

高考英語閱讀理解試題【3】

Grown- ups are often surprised by how well they remember something they learned as children but have never practiced ever since. A man who has not had a chance to go swimming for years can still swim as well as ever when he gets back in the water. He can get on a bicycle after many years and still ride away. He can play catch and hit a ball as well as his son. A mother who has not thought about the words for years can teach her daughter the poem that begins “Twinkle, twinkle, little star” or remember the story of Cinderella or Goldilocks and the Three Bears.

One explanation is the law of overlearning, which can be stated as follows: Once we have learned something, additional learning trials increase the length of time we will remember it.

In childhood we usually continue to practice such skills as swimming, bicycle riding, and playing baseball long after we have learned them. We continue to listen to and remind ourselves of words such as “Twinkle, twinkle, little star”and childhood tales such as Cinderella and Goldilocks. We not only learn but overlearn.

The multiplication tables (乘法口訣表) are an exception to the general rule that we forget rather quickly the things that we learn in school, because they are another of the things we overlearn in childhood. The law of overlearning explains why cramming (突擊學習) for an examination, though it may result in a passing grade, is not a satisfactory way to learn a college course. By cramming, a student may learn the subject well enough to get by on the examination, but he is likely soon to forget almost everything he learned. A little overlearning, on the other hand, is really necessary for one’s future development.

1. What is the main idea of Paragraph 1?

A. People remember well what they learned in childhood.

B. Children have a better memory than grown- ups

C. Poem reading is a good way to learn words.

D. Stories for children are easy to remember. 2. The author explains the law of overlearning by.

A. presenting research findings

B. setting down general rules

C. making a comparison

D. using examples

3. According to the author, being able to use multiplication tables is

A. a result of overlearning

B. a special case of cramming

C. a skill to deal with math problems

D. a basic step towards advanced studies

4. What is the author’s opinion on cramming?

A. It leads to failure in college exams.

B. It’s helpful only in a limited way.

C. It’s possible to result in poor memory. D. It increases students’learning interest.

【參考答案】ADAB

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Ⅷ 2020年高考英語全國卷2 - 閱讀理解A

History, Culture & Landscape. Discover and enjoy 4 centuries of history, 5 acres of celebrated and award-winning gardens with parkland walk. Owned by the Hasell family since 1679, home to the International Marmalade Festival. Gifts and antiques, plant sales, museums & Mediaeval Hall Tearoom.
歷史、文化與景觀。探索並欣賞4個世紀的歷史，以及5英畝著名的帶花園步道的獲獎花園。花園自1679年起屬於哈塞爾家族，是國際果醬節的舉辦地。禮品和古董、植物銷售、博物館和中世紀大廳茶室。

Open: 29 Mar- 29 Oct, Sun to Thurs.
開放時間：3月29日——10月29日，周日至周四。

Tearoom, Gardens & Gifts Shop: 10.30 – 17.30 (16:00 in Oct).
茶室、花園、禮品店：10:30–17:30（10月至16:00）。

House: 11.15 – 16:00 (15.00 in Oct)
房子：11:15 –16:00（10月至15:00）

Town: Pooley Bridge & Penrith
小鎮：普爾橋和佩里思

Those viewing the quality of Abbot Hall』s temporary exhibitions may be forgiven for thinking they are in a city gallery. The impressive permanent collection includes Turners and Romneys and the temporary exhibition programme has Canaletto and the artists from St Ives.
那些觀看Abbot Hall 臨時展覽的人可能會認為他們在城市美術館，這是可以理解的。令人印象深刻的永久藏品包括特納和羅姆尼，臨時展品包括卡納萊托和來自聖艾夫斯的畫家。

Open: Min to Sat and Summer Sundays.10.30-17.00 Summer,10.30-16.00 Winter.
開放時間：上午至周六和夏季周日。夏季10.30-17.00，冬季10.30-16.00。

Town: Kendal
小鎮：肯德爾

Discover, explore and enjoy award-winning Tullie House, where historic collections, contemporary art and family fun are brought together in one impressive museum and art gallery. There are four fantastic galleries to visit from fine art to interactive fun, so there』s something for everyone!
發現、探索並欣賞獲過獎的圖利之家，在一個令人印象深刻的博物館和美術館里，將歷史藏品、當代藝術和家庭樂趣匯集在一起。從精美藝術到互動娛樂，這里有四個奇妙的畫廊可供參觀，所以這里適合每個人！

Open: High Season 1 Apr-31 Oct: Mon to Sat 10.00-17.00,Sun 11.00-17.00.
開放時間：旺季 4月1日至10月31日：周一至周六 10.00-17.00，周日 11:00-17:00。
Low Season 1 Nov-31 Mar: Mon to Sat 10.00-16.30,Sun 12.00-16.30
淡季 11月1日至3月31日：周一至周六 10:00-16:30，周日 12:00-16:30

Town: Carlisle
小鎮：卡萊爾

Discover William Wordsworth』s inspiration home. Take a tour of his Lakeland cottage, walk through his hillside garden and explore the riches of the collection in the Museum. Visit the shop and relax in the café. Exhibitions, events and family activities throughout the year.
探索威廉·華茲華斯的靈感之家。參觀他的湖濱別墅，穿過山坡花園，探索博物館中豐富的藏品。參觀商店，在咖啡館里放鬆。全年有展覽、活動和家庭活動。

Open: Daily,09.30-17.30(last admission 17.00).
開放時間：每天 09:30-17:30（最後入場時間17:00）。

Town: Grasmere
小鎮：格拉斯米爾

Ⅸ 2020年高考英語全國卷2 - 閱讀理解D

I have a special place in my heart for libraries. I have for as long as I can remember. I was always an enthusiastic reader, sometimes reading up to three books a day as a child. Stories were like air to me and while other kids played ball or went to parties, I lived out adventures through the books I checked out from the library,
圖書館在我心中的地位很特殊，從我記事起就是這樣。我一直是一個熱心的讀者，小時候每天看三本書。故事對我來說就像空氣一樣不可或缺，當其他孩子打球或參加派對時，我在從圖書館借來的書中體驗冒險，

My first job was working at the Ukiah Library when I was 16 years old. It was a dream job and I did everything from shelving books to reading to the children for story time.
我的第一份工作是在Ukiah圖書館工作，當時我16歲。這份工作夢寐以求，從上架書籍到給孩子們讀故事，我做了所有的事情。

As I grew older and became a mother, the library took on a new place and an added meaning in my life. I had several children, and books were our main source of entertainment. It was a big deal for us to load up and go to the local library, where my kids could pick out books to read or books they wanted me to read to them.
長大後成為一名母親，圖書館在我的生活中占據了一個新的位置，增加了意義。我有幾個孩子，書籍是我們的主要快樂來源。對我們來說，帶上食物去當地的圖書館是件大事，我的孩子們可以在那裡挑選要讀的書或者想讓我讀給他們聽的書。

I always read, using different voices, as though I were acting out the stories with my voice and they loved it! It was a special time to bond with my children and it filled them with the wonderment of books.
我總是用不同的聲音閱讀，就好像我在用自己的聲音表演故事，他們喜歡這樣！這是一個與我的孩子們建立聯系的特殊時刻，讓他們感受到書的奇妙。

Now, I see my children taking their children to the library and I love that the excitement of going to the library lives on from generation to generation.
現在，我看到我的孩子們帶著他們的孩子去圖書館，我喜歡去圖書館的興奮感代代相傳。

As a novelist, I've found a new relationship with libraries. I encourage readers to go to their local library when they can't afford to purchase a book. I see libraries as a safe haven for readers and writers, a bridge that helps put together a reader with a book. Libraries, in their own way, help fight book piracy and I think all writers should support libraries in a significant way when they can. Encourage readers to use the library. Share library announcements on your social media. Frequent them and talk about them when you can.
作為一名小說家，我與圖書館建立了新的關系。我鼓勵讀者在買不起書的時候去當地的圖書館。我把圖書館看成是讀者和作家的避風港，這是一座橋梁，幫助讀者和書相連接。圖書館以自己的方式幫助打擊圖書盜版，我認為所有的作家都應該在可能的情況下大力支持圖書館。鼓勵讀者使用圖書館，在社交媒體上共享圖書館公告，經常使用它們，並在可能的時候談論它們。