中職高一英語閱讀理解

① 中職對口升學英語閱讀理解時間分配

14篇75~80分鍾，平均每篇15—20分鍾。中職對口升學英語閱讀理解時間分配為14篇75~80分鍾，平均每篇15—20分鍾。

② 如何提高中職生英語閱讀及口語能力

覺得大復量閱讀能培養出一制定的語感,你要是光看不讀,個人認為其實不會有太大提高,還是應該多讀文章,即增加了詞彙量,又鍛煉可自己的口語,不過需要堅持,原來我覺得英語很簡單,口語也不難,現在學了二外,才發現口語沒有那麼好練,這是我現在的方法,就是要多讀課文,課文中不會的單詞一定要查字典弄明白,下次口語里想說這個詞的時候才會說,就是要堅持!

③ 中職英語高考模擬試題及答案

十年寒窗，盼前程似錦;百日苦戰，誓金榜題名。祝高考成功!下面是我為大家推薦的中職英語高考模擬試題，僅供大家參考!
中職英語高考模擬試題
第I卷

第一部分 聽力(共兩節，滿分30分)

第一節 (共5小題，每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)

聽下面5段對話。每段對話後有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，並標在試卷的相應位置。聽完每段對話後，你都有10秒鍾的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。

1.Why don’t the speakers go to see a baseball game?

A. It’s too crowded. B. There’s no game for today. C. They would like to go to the zoo.

2. What are the speakers doing now?

A. Listening to the radio. B. Having a class. C. Attending a concert.

3. What’s the woman’s job?

A. She is a saleswoman. B. She is a cleaner. C. She is a hotel clerk.

4. What is the woman planning to do?

A. Have a coffee. B. Do her hair. C. Go to the man’s home.

5. What does the man think the weather will be like in April?

A. cool. B. Hot. C. Cold.

第二節 (共15小題， 每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)

聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白後有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，並標在試卷的相應位置。 聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鍾，聽完後，各小題將給出5秒鍾的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。

聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。

6. How often is the meeting held?

A. every week. B. Every two weeks. C. Every month.

7. What kind of room does the man usually use?

A. A large one. B. A small one. C. A mid-sided one

聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。

8. Where does the conversation take place?

A. In a shop. B. In a dressing room C. In a post office.

9. What color does the woman want?

A. Dark green. B. Light green. C. Light blue.

聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。

10. Where did the man first speak English to a foreigner?

A. In a city in China. B. In New York City. C. In a railway station.

11. Why did the man feel very nervous when he first spoke English to a foreigner?

A. His English was very poor. B. He has enough time to chat with the foreigner. C. He was not sure if others could understand him.

12. Why didn’t the foreigner answer him immediately?

A. He was very nervous. B. He didn’t know the answer. C. The foreigner couldn’t speak English himself.

聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。

13. What does the woman think of being a model?

A. Attractive. B. Challenging. C. Tiring.

14. What is the hardest thing for the woman?

A. Putting on make up. B. Getting up early. C. Getting the dresses ready.

15. What is the most important thing?

A. Standing in beautiful poses. B. Standing still. C. Changing clothes quickly.

16. What is the possible relationship between the speakers?

A. Interviewer and interviewee. B. Husband and wife. C. Boss and secretary.

聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。

17. Where does the speaker’s friend live now?

A. Chicago. B. Atlanta. C. San Francisco.

18. What is the speaker?

A. A doctor. B. An office manager. C. An artist.

19. How often do the two friends talk on the phone?

A. Twice a month. B. Every three days. C. Once a week.

20. Which is NOT mentioned by the speaker as a way of communication with her friend?

A. sending e-mail. B. Writing to each other. C. Chatting on the Internet.

第二部分 閱讀理解 (共兩節，滿分40分)

第一節(共15 小題;每小題2分，滿分30分)

A

Not too big, not too small. Not too hot, not too cold. A newly discovered planet looks just right for life as we know it, according to an international group of astronomers.

Circling a star about 500 light years away, the planet called Kepler-186f is about the same size as Earth. It goes round its star at the right distance for liquid water on the surface. That is a necessary condition for life. But it is not exactly like Earth, it’s more of an Earth’s cousin. It’s not an Earth’s twin. It shares

the same characteristics as Earth, but their parent stars are very different.

Kepler-186f circles a star that is smaller and cooler than our sun. But the planet appears to be a closer relative than most of the hundreds of others discovered so far. Some are huge gas-covered giants with thick atmospheres. Others circle too closely to their stars and are too hot for life. For the first time, we can actually say we now have a planet that is both Earth-sized and circles in its star’s livable zone.

The next step would be to look for signs of life in the atmospheres of these distant world. That would take a more advanced telescope. But budget cuts threaten that task, says University of California at Los Angeles astrophysicist Ben.

“In theory, we could do this in the next couple decades. But in practice, because there’s no money, it’s not going to happen. It’s not going to happen in my lifetime, for example,’’ said Ben. However, NASA’s Elisa Quintana believes that when the next-generation space telescope is used, it will find that we are not alone in the universe. In the meantime, the search continues for other worlds where life may find a home.

21. What do we know about the newly discovered planet?

A. It was discovered by chance.

B. It has some form of life on it.

C. It has suitable conditions for life.

D. It is an ordinary planet like others.

22. The difference between the Earth and Kepler-186f is _________.

A. they circle different parent stars

B. they came into being at different times

C. they move in space at a different speed

D. they orbit their stars at a different distance

23. The discovery of Kepler-186f is remarkable because_______.

A. man has discovered a new home

B. it caused people’s interest in the universe

C. man has found a familiar planet like the Earth

D. it can help man know more about the Earth

24. What does Ben worry about in the future research?

A. Lack of money. B. No cooperation. C. His coming old age. D. His weak influence.

B

Whenever we think of change, we tend to think of something that’s potentially going to push our lives into a period of uncertainty.

Without exception, just the word “change” has the power to create a feeling of anxiety or insecurity and when you put the word ”lifestyle” in front of it, people often feel that they are faced with an unachievable task.

Simply knowing that it would be in your best interests to lose weight and get fitter doesn’t necessarily mean you are going to act upon it, because it can feel like you are standing at the bottom of the mountain looking up at the summit. The journey seems long and hard and you get the sense that if you start it, you would bite off far more than you could chew!

Of course, it’s good to have an idea about your targets, but that doesn’t mean you have to make the entire journey in one go. Change is frequently more acceptable and far more achievable when it is taken in bite-sized pieces. Change doesn’t have to be something you’re always going to start, it’s something you can start right now. A number of small changes that require minor adjustments to your life can work together to cause much bigger change overall. For example, say you allow yourself one can of soda a day. It doesn’t sound a lot, does it? But over a year that one can of soda adds up to you consuming over 60,000 calorie and over 2,000 teaspoon of sugar. Cut out that one can a day and replace it with a bottle of water, something which is far more beneficial to your health, and over the course of the year you could effectively lose 8 kilos.

Losing weight and gaining health for good is all about making a change to your mind. That’s the control centre for everything and if your mind isn’t filled with too much change all in one go, it can develop new habits far more effectively.

Small change originates a chain reaction. It makes you believe in yourself and there will come the moment when you realize you’re actually half way up the mountain looking back at how far you’ve come!

25. Why may people not take action even if they know losing weight does them good?

A. Because they may feel it unachievable.

B. Because they won’t change their lifestyle.

C. Because they can’t stick to change for long.

D. Because they have no clear idea about their targets.

26. The example mentioned in Paragraph 4 is used to show that .

A. change is more achievable when taken in one go

B. change has to be what one always wants to start

C. even small changes require life adjustments

D. even small changes can bring big gains

27. What is losing weight and gaining health for good all about?

A. Gaining self-belief. B. Changing one’s mind.

C. Controlling one’s appetite. D. Getting a sense of success.

28. The underlined word “originates” in the last paragraph can be best replaced by “ “.

A. requires B. delays C. creates D. affects

C

English Teacher

Number of Positions: About 5 vacancies (空缺) a month

Job Start Date: On-going, all year

Location: Guangzhou, Shenzhen China

Teaching Hours: 21—25 hours/week

Age of Students: All Ages available; (Kindergarten, Elementary, Middle School, High School)

Benefits

Salary: 9500RMB/month (20% after 15 days, 30% after 6 months, and final 50% at the end

of the contract)

Housing: Free Furnished Single Housing

Paid Vacation: 2 weeks or 10 days, plus national holidays

Health Insurance: local medical insurance provided

Requirements

Required Nationality: American, Australian, British, Canadian, Irish, New Zealander or South African. Must be a Native English.

Experience: Teaching not required, but preferred. Received English in an English speaking county since middle school.

Preferred Age: Under 40 years old

TEFL: Courses of 100+hours are required.

Job Description

Here we have an option for teachers looking to teach in the Southern China area. The positions are in Southern China’s largest cities, Guangzhou and Shenzhen, just north of Hong Kong. Known historically as the capital of Guangdong Province, these are unique places to live and great for teachers looking to be in the mix of energetic cities that make China such an exciting country. As National City Center, these cities are known for leading China in terms of infrastructure and are primary transportation hubs (中心) for exploring the area and China as a whole.

This school group has a variety of school locations in the city and has various positions for both new and experienced teachers. Training is provided for all teachers and the first two months will include observing classes and indivial training. There is room for advancement as teachers gain experience to lead other teachers, as well as curriculum development positions, and the schools include a generous bonus structure on top of great base salaries.

For more information on this position, ask the China Placement Team!

29. The text is a ___________.

A. note B. report C. schele D. poster

30. How long will Smith work at least in month if he is hired successfully?

A. 60 hours. B. 72 hours. C. 84 hours. D. 100 hours.

31. Who will be possibly admitted as an English teacher according to the text?

A.Bo Savino from America, 35, a native Chinese.

B. Douglas Carter from Canada, 30, a former doctor.

C. Abigale from Australia,42, an experienced teacher.

D. Alexa Joy Nino from India, 39, an experienced teacher.

32. We can conclude that teachers admitted by this school group can ________.

A. get a bonus in salary B. live in Hong Kong

C. see a doctor for free D. take a part-time job

④ 如何提高中職學生的英語閱讀理解能力

提高英語閱讀能力，其實也沒有什麼巧辦法，只有增加閱讀量，不斷地閱讀，另外就是要加大詞彙量，否則閱讀的文章裡面生詞太多，會影響閱讀的效果。

⑤ 中職英語高考模擬試題及答案(2)

D.

Facebook founder Mark Zuckerberg recently surprised Chinese students when he spoke to them in Chinese. In a speech at Tsinghua University in Beijing, Zuckerberg spoke Chinese for about 30 minutes. With Chinese having the most native speakers in the world and the study of the Chinese language increasing rapidly around the world, Zuckerberg’s talk raises a question: Is Chinese the language of the future? Could it replace English as the world’s international language?

Chinese will grow in importance, especially for people who want to work and do business in

China. But I don’t think Chinese will replace English any time soon.

American movies, music, television, video games have wider audiences, which is one reason for English’s popularity as a foreign language. So far China’s success in this aspect has been very limited. Chinese films, Chinese television shows and Chinese music don’t have a huge following outside of China. In addition, English is seen as a more neutral(中立的) language than Chinese. Unlike Chinese, English is not associated with one county. It is a universal language and is spoken in more than 170 counties. In 2014, China hosted the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation meeting in Beijing, China. But the meeting was not in Chinese. The official language of APEC is English.

The most important reason is that Chinese is a more difficult language to learn. It is estimated that it would take a native English speaker 2,000 hours to reach professional fluency in Chinese. That is four times longer than it would take to reach the same level in Dutch, French, or Spanish. While Chinese grammar is much simpler, Chinese has a tone and writing system that is more difficult for alt learners to master.

Last but not least, more people learn English than Chinese. A recent survey by Gallup showed that only one in four Americans is multilingual, which means only 25% of Americans can speak a foreign language besides English. For most Americans, learning a foreign language is a choice, not a necessity. China Daily has estimates that 400 million Chinese are studying English. That means China has more English learners that the U.S. has English speakers.

33. Mark Zuckerberg surprised Chinese students by __________.

A. singing Chinese songs B. wearing Chinese clothes

C. making a speech in Chinese D. speaking highly of Chinese

34.Which of the following contributes to English’s popularity as a foreign language?

A. American growing economy. B. American pop culture.

C. American freedom of speech. D. American ecation system.

35. What is the text mainly about?

A. The results pop culture development brings about.

B. The influence English has on the global economy.

C. The suggestions on how to master Chinese in a short time.

D. The reasons why English would be more popular than Chinese.

第二節 (共5小題;每小題2分，滿分10)

根據短文內容，從短文後的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為

多餘選項。

Reading comprehension is an important skill to master for academic success. Many students have difficulty in understanding the point of a story and remembering what a story is about ----the basics of this task. Luckily, by following some basic tips, you can improve at reading comprehension.

Work on your vocabulary. Keep up on vocabulary lessons in school, and look up definitions of words when you read to master as many words as you can. __36_.

Read with your mind, eyes and lips. __37_Just reading with your mind could mean you’re not paying enough attention. You don’t have to read aloud for reading comprehension, but go over each word with your eyes at least.

_38_To understand what a paragraph is saying, you can often look through the first sentence. This should tell you the point of the paragraph, and the rest should be supplemental(附加的) information. Look at the last sentence to complete the idea.

Identify the structure of the story to know what to look for in analyzing it. Some stories are written in the order of time. Others start from the point of the future and backtrack(倒敘). Still others are about proving the point of a thesis with examples. __39_

Try to predict what’s going to happen next. Reading actively promotes reading comprehension. _40_This will help you remember the details after you’ve finished.

A.Be aware of the function of paragraphs.

B.Concentrate on the meaning of words when reading aloud.

C.The larger vocabulary you have, the easier reading comprehension will be.

D.While reading, guess which way the story is going or how the story will end up.

E.Reading with your eyes and lips helps you remember what you’ve read.

F.Figure out what kind of structure you’ve looking at to understand the story better.

G.If you can understand the writer’s purpose between the lines, you’re doing a good job.

第三部分 英語知識運用 (共兩節，滿分45分)

第一節完形填空 (共20小題;每小題1.5分，滿分30分)

Imagine waking up in a hospital bed. And the entire left side of your body isn’t movable. This was the _41_I found myself in after my crash. I _42 so severely for my head and neck were twisted to one side and stuck in that disturbing _43_

The prognosis(預斷)for my _44_was not good. The doctor told my family,”I__45_to say this, but he’ll be lucky to survive the next 48 hours.

__46_as my family was at the news, the one thing that had been holding them together was the__47_that with the proper medical treatment, I could recover. The doctor’s prognosis hit them like a hammer, _48_any hope. The _49_that I might die touched each of them deeply.

For the next two days, my parents kept waiting outside my room. They could _50_eat or sleep. The doctor’s prognosis _51 heavily on their hearts. Yet with each passing hour they become slightly more hopeful that my chances of _52_ were a little bit better.

With the _53_ 48 hours passing, although I was once _54 to the limit of my life, I _55 to quit my life, so they felt somewhat_56_. Maybe the doctor had made a(n)_57_. After all, doctors aren’t necessarily right. Bit by bit, hope began to return to them. _58_, they still had no idea what the future held for me.

My survival surprised everyone. It would not have been _59_ if not for my determination not to quit my life. _60_ will always happen around you as long as you don’t give up.

41. A. despair B. situation C. place D. pain

42. A. choked B. trembled C. enjoyed D. suffered

43. A. position B.. action C. behavior D. height

44. A. spirit B. disability C. recovery D. treatment

45. A. regret B. decide C. tend D. wish

46. A. Impatient B. Angry C. Confused D. Upset

47. A. desire B. intention C. hope D. lie

48. A. offering B. destroying C. raising D. abandoning

49. A. exception B. choice C. fact D. acceptance

50. A. barely B. graally C. hopelessly D. slightly

51. A. reacted B. weighed C. froze D. expanded

52. A. promotion B. escape C. improvement D. survival

53. A. convincing B. disappointing C. exciting D. frightening

54. A. directed B. pushed C. ordered D. guided

55. A. refused B. pretended C. struggled D. attempted

56. A. confident B. satisfied C. relieved D. stressful

57. A. joke B. guess C. apology D. mistake

58. A. However B. Therefore C. Instead D. Besides

59. A. alarming B. possible C. reasonable D. pessimistic

60. A. Accidents B. Coincidences C. Miracles D. Successes

第 II 卷

第三部分 英語知識運用(共兩節，滿分45分)

第二節 (共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)

閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當的內容(一個單詞)或括弧內單詞的正確形式。

Patient: Thank you for__61_(agree) to see me on such short notice, doctor.

Doctor: Now, what seems to be ___62__ matter?

Patient: It’s my eyesight. I can’t see well at night, and ___63___ I wake up in the morning, it takes me a few minutes before I can see clearly.

Doctor: OK. I’m going to take a ___64___ (close) look. Just relax. How ____65__ has this been going on?

Patient: A couple of weeks. I guess…wow, that’s right!

Doctor: Does it hurt when I do that?

Patient: Not exactly, it’s just really bright.

Doctor: Where did you hit___66___(you) head?

Patient: Right on the back. I heard a loud sound when I hit it, but there ____67__(be)no blood and everything seemed to be okay.

Doctor: You didn’t get it___68_____(check) out then?

Patient: My wife said I should, but nothing was wrong, so

I thought, why bother? Well, a week passed and all of a sudden I started to have problems with my sight. I first noticed it when I was driving back home from work. But before that I 69 (feel) uncomfortable in my eyes for several times.

Doctor: ____70_____(hope), it’s nothing serious.

第四部分 寫作(共兩節，滿分35分)

第一節短文改錯(共10小題，每小題1分，滿分10分)

假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。

增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字元號( ∧ )，並在其下面寫出該加的詞。

刪除：把多餘的詞用斜線( ﹨ )劃掉。

修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，並在該次下面寫出修改後的詞。

注意：1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞;

2.只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)，不計分。

Paul and I met in the first time when we were both at university. In a fact, we hated each other at first though we were in the same class. I didn’t start to like him until we ended up work in the same restaurant. He had become a chef by then and I’d called in to redesign the places to give it more atmosphere. The owner of the restaurant is so pleased with my work what I had free meals there whenever I wanted to. Needless to say, I ate there regular. Paul’s cooking was amazing but graally I realised that I’d changed my mind about her, too.

第二節書面表達(滿分25分)

假如你是學校廣播站播音員李華。你所在的學校正在進行”Good health habits, good school life”的宣傳活動，號召同學們養成良好的生活習慣。請你就此用英文寫一份廣播稿。內容包括：1.良好生活習慣的意義;2. 你的倡議內容;3. 號召同學們積極踐行。

注意：1. 詞數100左右;2. 可以適當增加細節，以使行文連貫;3. 開頭語和結尾語已為你寫好。

Boys and girls,

Attention, please! Keeping good health habits is of great importance.

________________________________________________

_______________________________________________

_______________________________________________

_______________________________________________

_______________________________________________

_________________That’s all. Thank you.
中職英語高考模擬試題參考答案
第一部分： 聽力：

1—5 BCCBB 6—10 CBABB 11—15 CCCBC 16—20 ABBCC

第二部分： 閱讀理解

第一節：21—25 CACAA 26—30 DBCDC 31—35 BACBD

第二節： 36—40CEAFD

第三部分：英語知識運用

第一節：完形填空：

41—45 BDACA 46—50 DCBCA 51—55 BDDBA 56—60 CDABC

第二節：語法填空：61. agreeing 62. the 63. when 64. closer 65. long 66. your 67. was 68. checked 69. had felt 70. Hopefully

第四部分：第一節：短文改錯：

71. 第一句第一個in改為for 72. in a fact 中a 除掉73. work 改為 working 74. 第四句中 I’d 後加been 75. places 改為place 76.第五句中is 改為was 77. what 改為that 78. regular 改為regularly 79. but 改為and 80. her改為him

第二節：書面表達(範文)

Boys and girls,

Attention, please! Keeping good health habits is of great importance. Good health habits contribute to a healthy body, which serves as a firm basis for the opportunities to achieve our dreams. So good health habits should be highly valued and widely spread.

First, we should eat a balanced diet, which has a

positive effect on our health. Second, we should take regular exercise to build up our strength. In addition, we should work together to keep where we live clean and tidy. It’s not limited to our own rooms or homes; it’s true for public places

Let’s firstly do our part to keep a healthy lifestyle and then work together to increase public awareness about keeping good health habits.

That’s all. Thank you.

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⑥ 英語閱讀態度詞彙【語篇的詞彙銜接手段對中職英語閱讀教學的啟示】

摘 要: 英語語篇的詞彙銜接手段分為兩大類。文章從復現關系和同現關系兩方面分析詞彙銜接手段在英語語篇中的作用，指出詞彙銜接手段在語篇中除起到銜接緊湊、連貫流暢的組篇功能外，還具有修辭功能，對高職英語閱讀教學很有啟示。
關鍵詞: 英語語篇 詞彙銜接手段 中職英語閱讀教學
1.引言
銜接是語篇的重要組成部分之一，是實現語篇連貫性的重要手段。正是這種重要性，引起了眾多語言學家的研究興趣。在Halliday&Hasan看來，銜接可分為5大類:照應、替代、省略、連接詞及詞彙銜接（Halliday&Hasan，1976，2001:4）。詞彙銜接手段歷來為廣大話語分析研究者重視，被認為是語篇銜接的重要手段之一。侯儀（Hoey，1991）進一步認為語篇中詞彙銜接手段比任何其他手段更為重要，對語篇結構的研究，首先應該是對語篇詞彙銜接盯亮團手段的研究，語篇作者想傳遞的信息及信息傳遞的方式都能通過詞彙銜接手段得到實現。本文主要基於Halliday的詞彙銜接理論分析了詞彙銜接手段的語篇功能及其對高職英語閱凱橘讀教學的啟示。
2.詞彙銜接
詞彙銜接是指通過詞彙選擇在篇章中建立一個貫穿篇章的鏈條，從而建立起篇章的連續性。Halliday和Hasan（1976）把詞彙銜接關系分為兩類:復現關系（reiteration）和同現關系（collocation）。詞彙的復現關系指某詞以重復、同義詞、近義詞、上下義詞、概括詞或其他形式重復出現在語篇中，語篇中的句子通過這種復現關系達到了相互銜接。詞彙的同現關系指的是詞彙共同出現的傾向性（co-occurrence tendency），包括反義關系、互補關系等（黃國文，1988:122-126）。
2.1復現關系
2.1.1重復
詞彙銜接中直接的方式是具有同樣語義同一形式的詞彙在同一語篇中反復出現。一定情景中詞彙重復的運用不僅可以起到篇章紐帶的作用，還可以有效地突出主題，表達強烈的感情意義。
（1）I loved her madly!I met her and lived every day on her tenderness， her beauty，her virtue，and her love.
例（1）選自《實用英語綜合教程》第三冊（上海交通大學出鍵告版社）中Was It a Dream.這兩句話中her一詞重復使用六次，復現不僅達到了連貫語氣的作用，還有力地表達了作者對妻子的無限眷戀之情及喪妻的悲傷之情。
2.1.2同義詞、近義詞復現
同義詞和近義詞指具有同樣意義或相近意義的不同詞項之間的接應關系。英語以同義詞的豐富多彩聞名。在語篇中，同義詞和近義詞彼此呼應，對語篇起銜接作用。China has gone from a fashion black hole to an instry hub，quickly becoming the center of multibillion-dollar manufacturing and international retail activity.在這例中，hub和center構成近義詞復現。
2.1.3上下義詞復現
上下義關系的主要意義為「內包」，即意義概括的詞內包意義更為確定的詞。前者為「上坐標詞」（super ordinate），後者為下義詞（hyponym），兩個下義詞之間為「共下義詞」（co-hyponym）的關系。人們可以利用這種語義關系使一些詞語相互替代或共同出現，實現語篇深層結構上的連貫。如furniture是chair，desk，table，sofa等的上義詞;sheep，wolf，tiger，loin是animal的下義詞。如To proce smarter flies， the researchers present the insects with a choice of orange or pineapple jelly to eat.中，insects是flies的上義詞，避免了詞語的重復使用。
2.1.4概括詞復現
詞語重復使用過多常給人以詞彙貧乏、蒼白之感。為避免這種情況，在語篇中遇到有關人物、事情或地點時，可用一些泛指上述概念的詞語替代，如stuff，people，man，woman，thing，place等，增強語篇的銜接力。如:Mabel told me with evident pride that she passed the exam again.The happy event will take place in August again.句中的「event」為廣義泛指詞，和前句的「passed the exam」的具體概念前後呼應，銜接語篇。
2.2同現關系
同現關系指詞彙在語篇中共同出現的傾向性（co-occurrence tendency）。在語篇中，圍繞著一定的話題，一定的詞就往往同時出現，而其他一些詞就不大可能出現或根本不會出現。詞彙的同現關系包括反義關系、互補關系、局部—整體關系、序列關系等。
2.2.1反義關系
反義關系指詞項之間意義相反、相對或相矛盾關系，表示不同程度性質的詞，具體來說，指語義可分等有程度差別的詞類關系，兩極之間體現對立的層次性。詞彙之間的反義關系能促進語篇的銜接，達到語義貫通的目的。如:Knowledge makes humble， ignorance makes proud.文中有「knowledge」和「ignorance」，「humble」和「proud」兩對反義詞。反義關系的功能是在兩個詞項之間可以期待一種意義有區別的對比關系，促使語篇銜接，語義貫通。
2.2.2互補關系
只有兩個對立項組成，就是非彼即此或非此即彼，因而對一個詞項的否定就意味著對另一詞項的肯定，雙方形成對立統一體。互補詞與反義詞有明顯的區別，反義詞的兩極之間可插進表示不同程度性質的詞語，體現層次可分性（grad ability）;互補詞在意義上是互相排斥的，一方的存在以另一方的存在為前提，man-woman，boy-girl，single-married，dead-alive即屬此類。如:Why does this little boy always wriggle?Girls never wriggle.「boy」和「girl」形成互補同現，語義鮮明，加強了語篇的連貫性。

⑦ 中職英語完成句子，求解答

回答和翻譯如下：

六 ．

1 . He is taking a shower .
2 . She is going to the supermarket .
3 . They are watching a movie .
4 . She is reading the newspaper .
5 . I am listening the radio .
6 . They are calling their family .
7 . We are studying English .
8 . He is talking to his friend .
9 . She is driving a bus .
10. He is making his bed .

1 . 他正在洗澡 。
2 . 他正要去超市 。
3 . 他們正在觀看一部電影 。
4 . 他正在閱讀報紙 。
5 . 我正在聽收音機 。
6 . 他們正在叫家裡人 。
7 . 我們正在學習英語 。
8 . 他正在和他的朋友說話 。
9 . 她正在駕駛一輛公車 。
10. 他正在整理他的床 。

⑧ 中職英語等級考試

湖南省中等職業學校英語應用能力考試標准
（試 行）

湖南省中等職業學校英語應用能力考試是面向全省中等職業學校學生的英語水平考試。本考試以教育部頒發的《中等職業學校英語教學大綱（試行）》（以下簡稱《教學大綱》）為依據， 按照「實用為主、夠用為度」的原則確定考試內容，在考查學生掌握英語基礎知識的同時，重點考查學生實際運用英語的能力。
一、考試性質
本考試屬於教學—水平考試，既檢測中等職業學校學生是否達到英語課程所規定的教學要求，又考核學生的英語應用能力水平，以測試語言技能及與實際涉外交際技能相關的應用性內容為主。
二、考試內容與范圍
（一） 語言知識
1、詞彙
《教學大綱》「詞彙表」中所規定的2300個左右單詞（其中復用式詞彙1200－1400個），及相關的習慣用語和固定搭配（見附件1）。
2、語法
名詞、代詞、冠詞、數詞、常用介詞與介詞片語的基本用法；形容詞和副詞的級，動詞的基本時態、語態和語氣，以及非謂語動詞的基本用法；名詞性從句、形容詞性從句和副詞性從句的基本用法；主謂一致、倒裝句的基本用法；基本構詞法（見附件2）。
語法測試強調實際應用，淡化系統的概念和基本的理論。
3、功能意念表達法
「日常交際用語簡表」中所列36個項目的表達法；「話題」表中18個項目的表達法（見附件3、4）。
（二） 語言技能
1、聽的能力
測試考生理解所聽對話和簡單短文的能力。要求考生能把握所聽材料中有關數字、人物身份、人物之間的關系、地點、事情經過等細節，並能根據所聽材料做出正確推斷。語速為每分鍾100-120個詞。
聽力材料以「日常交際用語簡表」和「話題」中的表達法組成的情景對話和短文為主。詞彙范圍限於「詞彙表」中的復用式詞彙。
2、說的能力
測試考生在不同場景下參與不同形式交際的口頭表達能力。要求考生語音、語調基本正確；能運用「日常交際用語簡表」中的表達法進行基本交際；能圍繞「話題」中的內容進行初步交流；能藉助語言或非語言的交際手段比較准確地表達主要意思；符合英語文化習俗。
以口試和筆試中「情景交流」板塊兩種形式進行測試，選材范圍限於《教學大綱》中「日常交際用語簡表」和「話題」所列的表達法。
3、讀的能力
測試考生從書面文字材料中獲取信息的能力。要求考生能掌握所讀材料中的事實，並能根據事實做出正確推斷；能正確理解篇章語境中的詞彙；能理解所讀語篇上下文的邏輯關系；能了解所讀材料的主旨和大意；能了解作者的目的、態度和觀點。閱讀速度為每分鍾60－70個詞。
閱讀理解材料的總閱讀量為800詞左右，短文4篇。所選材料生詞率不超過3%，選文中超出大綱范圍且無法猜測而影響到理解的詞，用漢語註明詞義。閱讀材料包括一般性閱讀材料和實用性閱讀材料，一般性閱讀材料包括文化、社會、常識、科普、人物等內容，實用性閱讀材料包括信函、請柬、通知、便條、常見告示、個人簡歷、產品說明書、廣告等。
4、譯的能力
測試考生英漢互譯的能力。要求考生能翻譯帶有固定片語、習慣表達法、特殊結構的簡單句和復合句。譯文通順達意，符合漢語和英語的表達習慣。
所譯材料為句子和段落，包括一般性內容和實用性內容，兩者分別佔40%和60%。一般性內容為涉及18個「話題」的句子和段落；實用性內容從信函、產品說明書、廣告、合同等應用文中選取。
5、寫的能力
測試考生的書面表達能力。要求考生能正確地套寫句子；熟練地模擬套寫便箋、短函等常見應用文；能根據提示撰寫簡單書信、便條和通知等；能填寫簡單的個人履歷表、住宿登記表等英文表格。書寫格式、行文及常用詞語等無嚴重錯誤。
句子套寫選用一般性文字材料，主要為結構不太復雜的單句。應用文套寫是根據提供的相關信息模仿和套寫所給範文。應用文撰寫是根據所給中文提示寫出相應的應用文。英文表格填寫是根據表格列出的規定項目進行正確填寫。應用文的種類限於《教學大綱》要求掌握的范圍。
三、考試方案
（一）考試形式
考試包括兩種形式：筆試和口試。
筆試採用閉卷機考的形式進行。考試時量90分鍾，卷面滿分680分。口試包括聽力測試和口語測試，滿分100分，考試方式另定。
（二）試卷結構
1、筆試試卷由四大板塊組成，即詞彙與結構、情景交流、閱讀理解、書面表達。各板塊測試內容、題型、百分比、題量及分值如下表所示：
序號 測試項目 測 試 內 容 題 型 權重 題量 分值
I 詞彙與結構 A．詞彙用法 填空題、選擇題 0.10 6 30 60
B．語法結構 選擇題 6 30
II 情景交流 交際用語 選擇題、填空題、補全題 0.20 20 140
III 閱讀理解 短文閱讀 選擇題、判斷題、匹配題、簡答題 0.40 30 260

IV
書面表達 A． 翻譯題 英譯漢、漢譯英
0.30 6 120
220
B．單句/應用文 套寫題、書寫題、填寫題 單句 5 100
應用文 1
總計 68+5(1) 680
2、口試由兩大板塊組成，即聽力測試和口語測試。各板塊測試內容、題型、題量及分值如下表所示：
內 容 題 型 題量 分值

第一部分
聽力 A. 聽短對話，選擇題 5 10
50
B. 聽長對話，選擇題 10 20
C. 聽短文，選擇題、填空題 10 20

第二部分
口語 A. 提問考生本人的基本情況 5 10

50
B. 看圖說話、看圖回答問題 1 10
C. Mini-presentation 採取話題「三選一」形式 1 10
D.2個考生就指定話題進行討論 1 20
總 計 29 100
四、 其他
（一）評卷方式
筆試:客觀性試題由機器自動閱卷，主觀性試題由客戶端傳輸至伺服器之後，在機器上人工評閱試卷。
口試閱卷方式另定。
（二）成績處理
湖南省中等職業學校英語應用能力考試筆試滿分為680分，不設及格線，但按分數段設定等級，分別是一級（280分---420分）、二級（421分---560分）、三級（561分以上）。一、二級分別對應《教學大綱》中的基本要求和較高要求，三級對應全國公共英語等級考試的二級水平。
口試採用100分制，60分為合格分，不分級。
（三）證書頒發
考試合格者，由湖南省職業院校職業能力考試委員會分別頒發《湖南省中等職業學校英語應用能力考試證書》和《湖南省中等職業學校英語應用能力考試口試合格證書》。

附錄（請登陸湖南省職成教網：www.hnve.com）:
1、詞彙
2、話題
3、日常交際用語簡表
4、語法項目表
5、樣卷

⑨ 中職英語閱讀技巧

中職英語閱讀技巧

聽、說、讀、寫是英語學習的四項基本技能。其中，閱讀能力是測量學生英語水平的一個重要標准。下面是我分享的中職英語閱讀技巧，歡迎大家閱讀！

一、培養良好的閱讀習慣

英語閱讀的質量包括兩項硬指標:一是閱讀的速度;二是理解的准確程度。讀慢了,完成不了任務;而理解得不準確等於沒讀。只有快而准同時具備,才能提高閱讀質量。因此平時就務必在這兩方面下功夫,養成良好的閱讀習慣。

1.快速閱讀

大家首先必須走出一個誤區:認為讀快了就會影響理解,於是對於一篇文章總是細嚼慢咽,又查詞典又翻資料,逐詞逐句閱讀,以便理解。而事實上,讀慢了就會導致讀了下句忘了上句,結果把文章弄得支離破碎,除了知道最後兩句或幾個詞外,不知文章所雲。這樣既耽誤了閱讀速度,又影響了對文章的整體把握和理解,因此,在閱讀時,只有盡量快速閱讀,才能強化對上下文之間的聯系,綜合分析文章,抓住文章主脈,融會貫通。

2.整體理解

在閱讀過程中,生詞、難句是在所難免的。如果一碰到生詞、難句就追根刨底,孤立地去思考,甚至還想把它譯成漢語才能罷休,其結果不但影響了閱讀速度,反而不能弄清其意。因此,應養成從文章的篇章結構入手,越過少量生詞、難句所造成的閱讀障礙,領會文章的主體思想,理清文章的脈絡層次,然後從整體上對詞句進行推敲,攻克難關,最後又回到對全文進行歸納總結的良好閱讀習慣。使閱讀從感性認識進一步升華形成理性認識,從而加快閱讀文章的速度,提高對文章理解的正確性。

3.理清線索

這里的線索包括兩方面含義:一是上下文之間詞的線索(Context clues),一是上下文之間句子的關系(Semantic relationship)。前者有助於我們對單句的理解,後者則有助於理解篇。並在此基礎上,找出文章的話題(Topic),從而進一步深化對文章內容的理解和把握。

4. 重視細節

對文章的整體把握與重視細節之間並不相互排斥,相反卻可以相輔相成。常見的安排細節的方式如根據時間順序,空間轉移,因果關系,比較對照,示例附加等。這樣我們可以從細節安排中大約推測作者的意圖,並據此列出提綱(Outline),也就可以自然而然到達對整個文章的總體把握。

二、掌握正確的閱讀方法

1.注重猜詞法

閱讀時有可能遇到一些生詞。解決生詞問題的根本途徑是擴大詞彙量。有些學生在閱讀時一遇到生詞就不知所措,總是求助於詞典,結果影響了閱讀速度,使閱讀量大打折扣,沒有達到閱讀的目的和效果。事實上,個別詞不認識,並不一定影響理解文章表達的主要信息,或是與應答問題關系不大。有的生詞的含義也可以從上下文或利用構詞法知識大致判斷出來。

(1)較偏僻的專業詞或難詞

這種情況往往能從文章中找到對這詞直接或間接的定義,這就為尋找提供了依據。

例: Telecommunication(電信學)means,simply communication from a distance.It may be by cable or radio by the use of electrical or electronic signals.

(2)普通詞的一詞多義

包括詞義原義的衍生、詞義的時效色彩和詞義的本義轉義。對於多義詞,僅從詞本身往往不易看出答案,這就需要先看懂原文,即所考單詞的`上下文,試圖挖出這個單詞在特定上下文中的「特定含義」,從此「特定含義」中找答案。例:There was a run (擠兌)on the bank.

She had a run(脫線)in her stocking.

(3)根據句中的標點符號猜測詞義

標點符號有助於我們猜測詞義,因為這些標點符號起著說明或注釋的作用,能使我們順利地完成閱讀任務。例如:The disease is not contagious:you can not catch it by touching somebody .句中的contagious是生詞,但仔細看冒號之後起注釋作用的句子,我們不難猜出該詞之意是「接觸傳染的」。

(4)運用對比法猜測詞義

對比法常用的詞或片語有:but,while,however,yet,otherwise等,通過使用這些詞,我們可以對生詞進行對比猜測詞義。例如:Kate was thin while her husband was really obese .句中的obese通過while與thin的對比,可以猜測出該詞的意思是「胖」。

2.學會體會作者的言外之意

在英文閱讀中,比較困難的問題就是讀者對作者言外之意的理解了。這就要求讀者不僅要看懂文章,而且還要體會出作者隱含在字里行間的思想,如:一些觀點,一些情感,一些看法等等。如:The boys prefer apples to orangers如果我們知道:prefer…to的意思,那麼我們就很容易選出They like apples better這一答案,知道作者更喜歡吃的是蘋果。這只是簡單地測試了你對作者言外之意的理解。

3.學會通過「略讀」獲取文章的主題

在閱讀課教學中,筆者發現許多學生面對一篇文章,常常通過逐字、逐句、逐段閱讀,來判別文章的主題。這將嚴重影響學生的閱讀速度以及閱讀理解能力的提高。因為採取這種讀法,學生很容易把精力集中在對字、句、段的分析與理解上,而對文章的主題卻缺乏綜合分析,辨別不清。正確的讀法應該是「略讀」。略讀是選擇性閱讀的方法之一,它與正常閱讀的區別在於學生不必要把文章的每部分都讀完。當面對大量的長短不一的閱讀材料時,為了達到快速閱讀的目的,只需略讀;當學生沒有時間、興趣,甚至不需要讀完文章的每部分的時候,最有效的方法也是略讀。另一方面,略讀對於快速地獲取文章的主題,主要內容,形成對主題背景的了解或者滿足學生對主題的好奇心等等,也是非常有用的。那麼,到底應該怎樣去「略讀」呢?一般情況下,學生應以正常的速度讀完文章的第一段,因為作者對文章的介紹以及所要談論的總觀點一般都包含在第一段里。當然,有時這些內容也可能在第二段中,而第一段只是談一些能夠引起讀者注意的東西。讀到第三段,學生已沒有必要讀完全部字句,不過須注意作者的主要思想,它一般位於段首。除了段首的句子,學生還應從本段剩下的句子里獲取一些細節,而不是全部。但有時也不排除主要思想位於段落的中間或末尾的可能。這就要求學生具備高度敏銳的判斷能力。中間有些段落只是從不同側面、不同角度論述觀點,所以應該略讀。閱讀中,學生切記要快速,不要擔心漏掉了段落的某些部分,更不要養成既讀就讀完每部分的習慣。也許某些學生已經讀了文章的部分段落,但還是不明白主要內容,這是常見的現象。因此,他們也不必著急,應該有足夠的信心,通過大量的閱讀實踐來逐步提高理解能力。通過這樣的略讀,快速地獲取文章的主題是完全可以的。

4. 學會讀首尾句,預測文中細節

需要注意的是,在考試或平時測試中,英語文章往往隱去了標題。這固然給抓文章中心帶來了困難。然而,英語的寫作特點告訴我們:一般情況下,英語文章多是按「總――分――總」這樣一個思路寫的。因此,研讀首、尾句,對快速閱讀理解文意具有重要的意義。我們不但由此可以抓住文章的內容,還可以揣測作者的態度、意圖,從而進一步猜出作者所要寫的細節。這樣,對文章的領會就容易多了。

5.注意連接詞,揣測作者意圖

英語文章中,作者往往先敘述或介紹常人的觀點、他人的態度、看法,然後再提出自己的想法或與之不同的觀點,即作者本人的意圖或事實真相及本文的主旨。兩者之間常用but,however,yet,in spite of,though,although,even though,even if等連詞,或in fact,on the contrary等短語連接。掌握了這一類文章的閱讀方法,就大大加快了閱讀速度。同時理解的正確性也就大大提高了。

總而言之,只要我們平時在廣泛閱讀的過程中,注意養成良好的閱讀習慣,熟練地掌握正確的閱讀理解方法和技巧,提高英語閱讀理解的素質和能力,英語學習一定會成功,考試時也就不再感到困難了。