公二英語閱讀
1. 考研英語二的題型有哪些
試題分四部分，共48題，包括英語知識運用、閱讀理解、英譯漢和寫作。
第一部分 英語知識運用
主要考查考生對英語知識的綜合運用能力。共20小題，每小題0.5分，共10分。
在一篇約350詞的文章中留出20個空白，要求考生從每題給出的4個選項中選出最佳答案，使補全後的文章意思通順、前後連貫、結構完整。
第二部分 閱讀理解
主要考查考生獲取信息、理解文章、猜測重要生詞詞義並進行推斷等方面的能力。該部分由A、B兩節組成，共25小題，每小題2分，共50分。
A節(20小題)
本部分為多項選擇題。共四篇文章，總長度為1 500詞左右。要求考生閱讀文章並回答每篇文章後面的問題。考生需要在每小題所提供的選項(A、B、C、D)中選出唯一正確或是最合適的答案。
每篇文章設5題，共20題。每小題2分，共40分。
B節(5小題)
本部分有兩種備選題型。每次考試從這兩種題型中選擇其中的一種形式，或者兩種形式的組合進行考查。
本節文章設5小題，每小題2分，共10分。
備選題型包括：
1)多項對應
本部分為一篇長度為450~550詞的文章，試題內容分為左右兩欄，左側一欄為5道題目，右側一欄為7個選項。要求考生在閱讀後根據文章內容和左側一欄中提供的信息從右側一欄中的7個選項中選出對應的5項相關信息。
2)小標題對應
在一篇長度為450~550詞的文章前有7個概括句或小標題。這些文字或標題分別是對文章中某一部分的概括或闡述。要求考生根據文章內容和篇章結構從這7個選項中選出最恰當的5個概括句或小標題填入文章空白處。
第三部分 英譯漢
考查考生理解所給英語語言材料並將其譯成漢語的能力。要求譯文准確、完整、通順。要求考生閱讀、理解長度為150詞左右的一個或幾個英語段落，並將其全部譯成漢語。共15分。
第四部分 寫作
該部分由A、B兩節組成，主要考查考生的書面表達能力。共2題，25分。
A節
考生根據所給情景寫出約100詞(標點符號不計算在內)的應用性短文，包括私人和公務信函、備忘錄、報告等。共10分。
B節
要求考生根據所規定的情景或給出的提綱，寫出一篇150詞左右的英語說明文或議論文。提供情景的形式為圖畫、圖表或文字。共15分。
2. 英語二2021年真題解析-閱讀3
Text 3
第1段
When Microsoft bought task management app Wunderlist and mobile calendar Sunrise in 2015,it picked two newcomers that were attracting considerable buzz in Silicon Valley.
當微軟在2015年收購任務管理應用Wunderlist和移動日歷Sunrise時，它選擇了兩個新成員，這兩個新成員在矽谷引起了相當大的反響。
Microsoft's own Office dominates the market for"proctivity"software,but the star-ups represented a new wave of technology designed from the ground up for the smartphone world.
微軟自己的Office主導著「生產力」軟體市場，但這些初創企業代表了一波為智能手機世界從頭開始設計的新技術。
第2段
Both apps,however,were later scrapped after Microsoft said it had used their best features in its own procts. 干擾項目出處
然而，這兩個應用程序後來都被廢棄了，因為微軟表示，它在自己的產品中使用了它們最好的功能。
♥Their teams of engines stayed on👀, making them two of the many"acqui-hires"that the biggest companies have used to feed their great hunger for tech talent。
他們的引擎團隊留下來了，使他們成為最大的公司用來滿足對技術人才的巨大需求的許多「人才並購」中的兩名。
31.What is true about Wunderlist and Sunrise after their acquisitions? 【判斷題】
對於他們的需求獲取，哪項是正確的？
[A] Their market values declined. 他們的市場價值正在下滑 ×無中生有
[B] Their engineers were retained. 他們的工程師被保留了下來。√ 原文替換：stayed on
[C] Their tech features improved.他們的技術特徵得到了改進 ×原文是微軟自己的產品技術用了最好
[D] Their procts were re-priced. 他們的產品重新定價 ×無中生有
答案∶B
第3段
♥To Microsoft's critics , the fates of Wunderlist and Sunrise are examples of a remorseless drive by Big Tech to 👁 chew up any innovative companies 👁 that lie in their path.
對微軟的批評者來說，Wunderlist和Sunrise的命運是大型科技公司無情打擊任何在其發展道路上存在的創新公司👁的例子。
"They bought the seedlings and closed them down,"complained Paul Amold a partner at San Francisco-based Switch Ventures, putting an end to businesses that might one day tum into competitors. Microsoft declined to comment.
總部位於舊金山的Switch Ventures的合夥人保羅•阿莫德(Paul Amold)抱怨道:「他們買下了這些幼苗，然後把它們關了。」這樣，可能有一天會變成競爭對手的企業就被終結了。 微軟拒絕置評。
32.Microsofts critics believe that the big tech companies tend to_____.
[A]exaggerate their proct quality 誇大產品質量
[B]treat new tech talent unfairly 不公平地對待新科技人才
[C] eliminate their potential competitions 排除潛在的競爭對手 原文替換：chew up any innovative companies 吃掉創新公司
[D] ignore public opinions 無視公眾意見
答案∶C
第4段
Like other start-up investors,Mr.Arnold's own business often depends on selling start-ups to larger tech companies,though he admits to mixed feelings about the result:"I think these things are good for me,if I put my selfish hat on. 👁But are they good for the American economy? I don't know."
和其他初創企業的投資者一樣，他說: 阿諾德自己的生意通常依賴於將初創企業出售給規模更大的科技公司，不過他承認，他對這樣做的結果有復雜的感受:「如果我戴上自私的帽子，我認為這些事情對我是有好處的。 但它們對美國經濟有好處嗎? 我不知道。」
33 .Paul Arnold is concerned that small acquisitions might 【推斷題】⭐⭐⭐⭐
[A] weaken big tech companies 削弱大型科技公司
[B] worse market competition 更糟糕的是市場競爭
[C]discourage start up investors 不鼓勵創業投資者
[D] harm the national economy 危害國民經濟 But are they good for the American economy?
答案∶D
第5段
The US Federal Trade Commission says it wants to find the answer to that question. (沒有對應選項，往下看）
This week, it asked the five most valuable US tech companies for information ab out their many small acquisitions over the past decade.
本周，該機構詢問了美國市值最高的5家科技公司，詢問它們在過去10年裡進行的許多小規模收購。
Although only are search project at this stage,the request has raised the prospect of regulators wading into early-stage tech markets that until now have been beyond their reach.
盡管目前還只是搜索項目，但這一要求增加了監管機構涉足早期科技市場的可能性，而迄今為止，監管機構還無法涉足這些市場。
34. The US Federal Trade Commission intends to _____.
[A] supervise start-ups' operations 監督初創公司的運營 原文只說調查，並沒有採取行動
[B] encourage research collaboration 鼓勵研究合作 × 無中生有 過度腦補 Although only are search project at this stage
[C] limit Big Tech's expansion 限制了大型科技公司的擴張 × 無中生有 過度腦補
[D] examine small acquisitions.檢查小規模收購 /對小規模收購進行調查
答案∶D
第6段
Given their combined market value of more than $5.5trillion, rifling through such small deals-many of them much less prominent than Wunderlist and Sunrise-might seem beside the point.
考慮到它們的總市值超過5.5萬億美元，瀏覽這些小交易(其中許多遠不如Wunderlist和sunrise那麼重要)可能顯得無關緊要。
❤Between them, the five biggest tech companies have spent an average of only S 3.4 billion a year on sub-SI billion acquisitions over the past five years— a drop in the ocean compared with their massive financial reserves, and the more than S 130 billion of venture capital that was invested in the US last year.
他們之間,五大科技公司花費了平均只有34億年代sub-SI十億收購過去五年下降海洋與大規模金融儲備相比,超過1300億的風險投資,去年在美國投資。
第7段
However, critics say the big companies use such deals to buy their most threatening potential competitors before their businesses have a chance to gain momentum,in some cases as part of a"buy and kill "tactic to simply close them down.
然而，批評人士表示，大公司利用此類交易，在自己的業務有機會獲得發展勢頭之前，收購最具威脅性的潛在競爭對手，在某些情況下，這是一種「買了就殺」(buy and kill)策略的一部分，目的只是讓它們倒閉。
35.For the five biggest tech companies , their small acquisitions have_____.
對於五家最大的科技公司來說，它們的小規模收購已經產生了什麼影響？
[A] raised few management challenges 提出了一些管理上的挑戰
[B] brought little financial pressure 幾乎沒有財政壓力
[C] Set an example for future deals 為未來的交易樹立榜樣
[D] generated considerable profits 產生可觀的利潤
答案∶ B
fate
talent
unfairly
eliminate
potential
innovative
supervise 監督
operations 運營
collaboration合作
expansion 膨脹
3. 英語二2021年真題解析-閱讀1
第1段：員工有必要接受「再培訓」。
1、"Reskilling" is something 【 that sounds like a buzzword】 but is actually a requirement { if we plan to have a future 【 in which a lot of would-be workers do not get left behind】} 。在培訓聽上去是一個流行語，但如果我們希望未來的員工不被時代拋棄的話，這實際上是一個必要條件 。——「再培訓」是員工進步的必要條件
2、 We know（that） {【we are moving into a period 】（where the jobs in demand will change rapidly）, as will the requirements of the jobs 【that remain】.}我們知道人們正在進入一個工作需求將發生迅速變化的時期，剩餘崗位的需求也會很快改變。 —— 工作需求正發生迅速變化。
as引導方式狀語，「就像」，後面倒裝。正常語序是the requirements of the jobs that remain will （change rapidly）
3、 ⭐ Research by the World Economic Forum finds that on average 42 per cent of the"core skills" within job roles will change by 2022. That is a very short timeline.
世界經濟論壇發現42%的核心技能，賦予的工作角色將要被改變。在2022年世界經濟論壇的研究發現，到2020年工作崗位中平均有42%的核心技能將發生改變。剩下的時間不多了。 ——通過世界經濟論壇佐證，「員工需要新的工作技能」
第2段：誰來為員工「再培訓」買單？
1、The question of who should pay for reskilling is a thorny one.
這個問題誰來買單這個重塑技能是一個棘手的問題。
2、 ⭐ For indivial companies, the temptation is always to let go of workers 【whose skills are no longer in demand 】and replace them with those 【whose skills are.（省略 in demand） 】
對於個別公司來說，他們喜歡的做法總是拋棄那些技能不再有用的員工，取而代之的是那些具備符合要求技能的員工。
3、（轉折句）That does not always happen. 這也不經常發生。
4、 ⭐ AT&T is often given as the gold standard of a company 【 that decided to do a massive reskilling program rather than go with a fire-and-hire strategy. 】
有的公司決定進行大規模再培訓項目，而非採取解僱和僱傭的策略。美國電話電報公司就經常被視作這類公司的典範。我們找到第2題關鍵詞，但是這個例子本身。例證題是要去找的外面去找第三句是轉折句，所以我們找第二句，第二句是跟第四句的反義。
5、Other companies had also pledged to create their own plans. 其他公司也承諾會制定自己的計劃。
6、When the skills mismatch is in the broader economy, though（轉折） ,the focus usually turns to government to handle.然而當技能不匹配的現象出現在更廣泛的經濟領域時，焦點常常會轉向政府，並由其處理。
7、 ⭐ Efforts in Canada and elsewhere have been arguably languid at best, and have given us a situation 【where we frequently hear of employers （begging for workers）】,even at times and in regions【 where unemployment is high】.可以這么說。加拿大和其他地方付出的努力，充其量還是不夠。含這也使我們經常聽到僱主央求招聘員工的情況發生，即使在失業率高的時期和地區也是如此。
languid表示「慵懶，慢悠悠」即努力不夠，這詞一般不認識考上下文。 and have givenus asituation，and 說明與上句並列意思基本一致，說明解決問題的努力（efforts）還不夠，要不怎會出現招工難？
第3段：高失業率下依然存在勞動力短缺現象
1、With the pandemic,unemployment is very high indeed.
隨著流行疾病失業的人確實越來越高卻確實非常高
2、In February,at 3.5 percent and 5.5 percent respectively,unemployment rates in Canada and United States were at generational lows and worker shortages were everywhere.
二月加拿大和美國的失業率分別為3.5%和5.5降到了代際低點，勞動力短缺的現象隨處可見。
3、As of May, those rates had spiked up to 13.3 per cent and 13.7 per cent,and although many worker shortages had disappeared, not all had done so.
截至五月，兩國失業率已經分別飆升到13%和13.7%，盡管許多工作的短缺情況消失了，但也並非所有行業都解決了這一問題。
4、 ⭐ In the medical field, to take an obvious example,the pandemic meant that there were still clear shortages of doctors, nurses and other medical personnel.
一個明顯的例子，就是在醫療領域，疫情的爆發意味著醫生護士和其他醫務人員仍存在著大量短缺。
第4段：開展再培訓的必要性
1、Of course,it is not like you can take and unemployed waiter and train him to be a doctor in a few weeks.
當然這並不是說你能在幾周之內把一個失業的服務員培訓他們成為一名醫生
2、But even if you cannot close that gap,may be you can close others,and doing so would be to the benefit of all concerned.
但即便不能填補這個空缺，也許還在其他方面，可以有所突破。這樣對所有的相關人員，都有好處。
3、 ⭐ That seems to be the case in Sweden: 【When forced to furlough 90 per cent of their cabin staff】 , Scandinavian Airlines decided to start up a short retraining program 【 that reskilled the laid-off workers to support hospital staff.】
瑞典似乎就有這樣的情況，90%的空乘人員被迫休假後，北歐航空決定啟動一項再培訓的項目，重新培訓這些失業的員工以支援醫院的工作。
4、The effort was a collective one and involved other companies as well as a Swedish university. 這是一次集體的行動，其他公司和一所瑞典的大學都參與到了其中。
21.Research by the World Economic Forum Suggests _____.世界經濟論壇的研究 表明 了？
[A] an urgent demand for new job skills （「既然42%要變」 ，那麼對新的工作技能迫切的需求）
[B] an increase in full-time employment 無中生有
[C] a steady growth of job opportunities 無中生有
[D]a controversy about the"core skills" 原文是 will change，並沒有說「爭議」
答案∶ A
22. AT&T is cited to show_____.【例證題找例外】文章引用at and t是為了證明？
[A] The characteristics of reskilling in programs 在培訓的項目特點 無中生有
[B] The importance of staff appraisal standards 員工評價標準的重要性 無中生有
[C] An immediate need for government support 干擾項出自第6句，though轉折了，故與A無關
[D]An alternative to the five-and-hire standards 解僱和僱傭策略之外的另一種選擇 good
答案∶D
23.Efforts to resolve the skills mismatch in Canada___. 細節題（稍難）
在加拿大解決技能不匹配問題 努力
[A] have appeared to be insufficient 似乎還不夠 注意題目問的是對「努力」的評價
[B] have driven labour costs up 抬高勞動力成本 無中生有
[C] have proved ti be inconsistent 被證明是矛盾的 無中生有
[D] have met with fierce opposition 遭到激烈反對 無中生有
答案∶A
24. We can learn from Paragraph 3 that there was_____.細節題（簡）
[A] a sign of economic recovery 暗示經濟復甦 無中生有
[B] a call for policy adjustment 一種對政策調整的呼籲 無中生有
[C] a change in hiring practices 一種招聘方式的改變 無中生有
[D] a lack of medical workers
答案∶D
25.Scandinavian Airlines decided to_____.細節題（易）
[A] create job vacancies for the unemployed 為失業者創造職位空缺。空缺不對，原文是給失業員工創造新的工作機會
[B] retrain their cabin staff for better services 前半句重新培訓對，後半句無中生有
[C] prepare their laid-off workers for other jobs 讓失業員工為其他工作做好准備
[D] finance their staffs' college ecation 為員工的大學教育提供資助 干擾項最後一句，原文是有一所大學參與這個項目，不是資助員工讀大學
答案∶C
forum論壇
let go of 釋放 放棄
massive 巨大
pledge 保證
arguably 按理
languid 慵懶
at best 最多充其量
Pendemic 流行病
spike 迅速增長
concerned 有關的
furlough 臨時解僱
collective 集體的
4. 新世紀研究生公共英語閱讀B第二版答案
給～～7
公～～8，准備
共～～5
英～～2，有醋可吃糠
語～～5
滴～～5，無醋肉不香。
叩～～9
對我們中的大多數人來說，危險並不在於我們的目標太高，無法做到，而是目標太低，輕易達到。
5. 公共英語二級閱讀理解好難怎麼辦
1 閱讀好壞是和詞彙量、語感緊密聯系的,因此你的詞彙量一定要大,這樣能避免你做閱讀時因為生詞看不懂而丟分.還有就是語感,語感好的人做閱讀一是快,二是理解能力強.
2 在有限的時間里,你不可能被更多的單詞,所以我建議,這些天把會的單詞從頭看一遍,往腦子里儲存.避免考試時出現本來會的詞卻不認識的情況.然後每天做五篇歷年真題或模擬題練練手,只是找找感覺,遇到生詞先不要管,看看自己的猜詞能力,最終可以做對幾個.都做完再查字典,把意思標注.
其實說實話,閱讀水平都是平時積累的,一個月內真的很難有明顯提高.盡力而為吧!不要對自己又太高太多要求,那樣反而會是自己壓力更大.順其自然.考完後再努力背單詞!
6. 3月公共英語二級閱讀理解真題解析
2015年3月公共英語二級閱讀理解真題解析
明天就是公共英語三級考試開考的時間的，本次公共英語三級考試的級別是一到三級。下面是我整理的公共英語二級2015年的閱讀理解真題，歡迎閱讀!
閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的[A]、[B]、[C]和[D]四個選項中，選出最佳選項，並在答題卡上將該項塗黑。
Text 1
William Kunz is a computer genius(天才).When he was just 11, Kunz started writing soft-ware programs, and by 14 he had worked out his own computer game.As a high school first-yearstudent in Houston, Texas, he won first prize in a science fair for a program he wrote.In his thirdyear, he took top prize in an international science and engineering fair for designing a program toanalyze and sort DNA patterns.
Kunz went to attend Carnegie Mellon, one of the nation' s highest-ranked universities in computer science.After college he got a job with Oracle in Silicon Valley, writing software used bycompanies around the world.
Three years later, Kunz is in his first year at Harvard Business School.He left software engineering partly because he earned much less than his friends who were going into law or business.
He also worried about job security(保障), especially as more companies move their programmingoutside the country to lower costs.
56.What does the first paragraph mainly tell us?
A.Kunz won several top prizes.
B.Kunz liked taking part in fairs.
C.Kunz designed several programs.
D.Kunz had a gift for programming.
57.What did Kunz study in Carnegie Mellon?
A.Business.
B.Engineering.
C.International law.
D.Computer science.
58.Why did Kunz decide to go to Harvard Business School?
A.to get a secured and better paid job.
B.to improve his working conditions.
C.to start a business with his friends.
D.to go outside the country to work.
原文翻譯及答案解析
威廉·庫茲是一個計算機天才。當他只有11歲的時候，庫茲就開始編寫軟體程序，到l4歲的時候他已經開發出了自己的電腦游戲。作為德克薩斯州休斯敦的一位高中一年級學生，他編的程序在一次科學展覽會中獲得了一等獎。高三時，在一次國際科學和工程學展覽會中他因為設計出能夠分析和分類DNA模式的程序而獲得最高獎。庫茲上了卡內基梅隆大學，這是全美計算機科學領域最好的大學之一。大學畢業後，他在矽谷的Oracle工作，編寫一些全世界許多公司都使用的軟體。
三年後，庫茲在哈佛商學院就讀一年級。他離開軟體工程領域一部分原因是他所賺的錢比他那些從事法律和商業的朋友們少得多。他也很擔心工作保障，尤其是當更多的公司為了降低費用而把他們的編程公司搬往美國以外的地方時。
56.D【精析】細節題。題干意為“第一段主要告訴我們什麼?”本文第一段列舉的各個例子都想告訴我們，庫茲在編程方面很有天賦。故D正確。
52.D【精析】細節題。題干意為“庫茲在卡內基梅隆大學學的是什麼?”從本文的第二段的第一句“…one of the nation’s highestranked universities in computer seienee.”可知，他學的是計算機科學，故D正確。
58.A【精析】細節題。題干意為“庫茲為什麼決定上哈佛商學院?”本文的最後一段告訴我們他後來去讀哈佛商學院是因為他所賺的錢比他那些從事法律和商業的朋友們少得多。他也很擔心工作保障，尤其是當更多的.公司為了降低費用而把他們的公司搬往美國。
Text 2
Can you imagine life without French fries(炸薯條) ? Potatoes are very popular today.But inthe past this was not true.Potatoes grew in south America five thousand years' ago.But they onlybecame popular in other places two hundred years ago.
In the 1500s, the spanish took the potato from south America to Europe.But the people inEurope did not like this strange vegetable.some people thought that if you ate potatoes your skinwould look like the skin of a potato.Other people could not believe that you ate the undergroundpart of the plant.so they ate the leaves instead.This made them sick because there is poison (毒性) in the leaves.
In the 1800s, people in other parts of the world started to eat potatoes.In Ireland, potatoes became the main food.Then, in 1845, a disease killed all the potatoes in Ireland.Two million people died of hunger.
Today, each country has its own potato dish.The German people eat potato salad, and theUnited States has the baked potato.And, of course, the French invented French fries, which arenow popular all over the world.
59.When did potatoes get well-known outside south America?
A.About 200 years ago.
B.About 300 years ago.
C.About 400 years ago.
D.About 500 years ago.
60.Why did some Europeans refuse to eat potatoes at first?
A.They did not trust the Spanish people then.
B.They were afraid of the poison in potatoes.
C.They were afraid it would cause skin problem.
D.They had never eaten food from abroad before.
61.Why did two million people died in Ireland in 18457
A.They had nothing to eat.
B.They ate the bad potatoes.
C.They ate the potato leaves.
D.They got a terrible disease.
62.What do we know from the last paragraph?
A.Baked potatoes are popular now.
B.People cook potatoes differently.
C.Potatoes are expensive nowadays.
D.The French eat potato dishes most.
原文翻譯及答案解析
你能想像沒有炸薯條的生活嗎?當今薯條很受歡迎。但是過去並非如此。五千年前土豆生長在南美。但是直到兩百年前土豆才在別的地方流行起來。
十六世紀，西班牙人把土豆從南美帶到了歐洲。但是歐洲人們並不喜歡這種奇怪的蔬菜。一些人認為如果你吃土豆，你的皮膚會看起來像土豆。另一些人無法相信植物長在地下的那一部分也可以吃。因此他們吃土豆的葉子。因為土豆葉子有毒，所以他們都病倒了。十九世紀，世界其他地方的人開始吃土豆。在愛爾蘭，土豆成了人們的主食。然後，在1845年，一種疾病殺死了愛爾蘭所有的土豆。這使得兩百萬人死於飢餓。
當今，在每個國家都有土豆做成的菜餚。德國人吃土豆沙拉，美國人吃烤土豆。當然法國人發明了薯條，而現在薯條在全世界都很受歡迎。
59.A【精析】細節題。題干意為“土豆是什麼時候開始在南美以外的地方流行的?”從本文第一段的最後一句“But they only became popular in other places two hundred years ago.”可知，直到兩百年前土豆才在別的地方流行起來，故A正確。
60.C【精析】細節題。題干意為“為什麼某些歐洲人最初拒絕吃土豆?”從文章第二段第三句“some people thought that if you ate pota—toes your skin would look like tlle skin of a potato.”可知，一些人認為如果你吃土豆，你的皮膚會看起來像土豆，故C正確。
61.A【精析】細節題。題干意為“在1845年，愛爾蘭為什麼會有兩百萬人死去?”從文章第三段第三、四句“Then，in l845，a disease killedall tlle potmoes in Ireland.Two million people died of hunger.”可知，1845年，一場疾病殺死了愛爾蘭所有的土豆，這使得兩百萬人死於飢餓，故A正確。
62.B【精析】推理題。題干意為“從最後一段，我們可以得出什麼?”由最後一段可知，土豆在各個國家都是一道菜，但是做法不同，故B正確。
Text 3
There are a growing number of pet owners who feed pets on raw, which means, "uncooked"
meat and bones.William Burk, a pet food specialist from the Food and Drug Administration(FDA), believes that feeding raw meat to pets is against its goal of protecting the public fromhealth dangers; besides, raw meat and bones do not have all the required nutrition (營養) that a petneeds every day.
Recognizing how popular these foods are, the FDA has provided guidelines for procers ofpet foods that contain uncooked meat for dogs, cats, and other pets.The guidelines give rules toprotect pet owners and pets from dangers about food safety and lack of nutrition.
Pet owners who feed raw meat and bones should deal with these procts very carefully toprotect themselves against possible dangers, says Burk.Just as when preparing foods for humans,use hot water and soap to wash hands, containers, and surfaces that come into contact(接觸) withthe food.Don' t put your hands near your mouth until you' ve washed them, and don' t allow yourpet to touch your face right after it has eaten meat.
If owners choose to feed bones to their pets, they should watch their pet carefully when it iseating bones.Burk also says, "If the pet eats a big piece of bone that won' t pass through the digestive system(消化系統), it could kill the pet."
63.What does William Burk think of feeding pets on raw?
A.It'll make the pet owners sick.
B.It' 11 cause the death of other pets.
C.It' s against the policy of the FDA.
D.It' s dangerous and lack of nutrition.
64.Wiry did the FDA provide guidelines for procers of pet foods with raw meat?
A.The quality of pet foods has dropped.
B.Most pets have been lack of nutrition.
C.Pet safety has become a serious problem.
D.Feeding pets on raw has become popular.
65.Those who feed pets on raw should do all the necessary cleaning when
A.preparing raw meat for pets
B.preparing foods for humans
C.touching the food containers
D.bringing your pets for a walk
66.What advice is given to pet owners in the last paragraph? A.Pets should be kept away from raw meat.
B.Pets should be watched when eating bones.
C.Pets should be fed with small pieces of bone.
D.Pets should be checked on the digestive system.
原文翻譯及答案解析
有越來越多的寵物主人用未加工的，也就是未煮過的肉和骨頭來喂他們的寵物。威廉·伯克，一位來自美國食品與葯品管理局的寵物食品專家，認為用未經加工的肉喂寵物違背了保護公眾防止其受到健康威脅的目標。此外，未經加工的肉和骨頭不能提供寵物每天所需的所有營養物質。
知道這些食物有多麼受歡迎之後，美國食品與葯品管理局為寵物食品的生產商們提供了指導方針，這些食品包括狗、貓和其他寵物吃的未經加工的肉。這些指導方針列出了一些規則來保護寵物主人和寵物以免遭受有關食品安全和缺乏營養的危險。
伯克說，喂未經加工的肉和骨頭的寵物主人應該非常小心地處理這些食品以保護自己免遭可能的危險。正如為人類做飯一樣，要用熱水和肥皂去洗手、洗容器，並洗一些可能與食物有接觸的表面。洗手之前不要把手放在嘴邊，在寵物剛剛吃過肉之後不要讓寵物碰到你的臉。如果主人選擇喂寵物骨頭，那麼在寵物吃骨頭時，一定要在旁邊看著。伯克還說，“如果寵物吃一大塊不能通過它的消化系統的骨頭的話，那會要了它的命。”
63.D【精析】推理題。題干意為“威廉·伯克如何看待喂寵物未煮熟的東西這件事?”由本文第一段可知，伯克認為用未經加工的肉喂寵物有違保護公眾防止遭到健康威脅的目標。此外，未經加工的肉和骨頭不能提供給寵物們所有它們所需要的營養物質，故D正確。
64.D【精柝】推理題。題干意為“為什麼美國食品與葯品管理局為寵物食品的生產商提供指導方針?”由本文第二段可知，知道這些食物有多麼受歡迎之後，美國食品與葯品管理局為寵物食品的生產商們提供指導方針，這些食品包括狗、貓和其他寵物吃的未經加工的肉。這些指導方針列出了一些規則保護寵物主人和寵物以免遭受有關食品安全和缺乏營養的危險，故D正確。
65.A【精析】推理題。題干意為“那些喂寵物吃沒有經過加工的食物的主人們需要在什麼時候做些必要的清理?”由本文第三段可知，喂未經加工的肉和骨頭的寵物主人應該非常小心地處理這些食品以保護自己免遭可能的危險。正如為人類做飯一樣，要用熱水和肥皂去洗手、洗容器，並洗一些可能與食物有接觸的表面。洗手之前不要把手放在嘴邊，在寵物剛剛吃過肉之後不要讓寵物碰到你的臉，故A正確。
66.B【精析】細節題。題干意為“最後一段作者給寵物主人什麼建議?”根據文章最後一段第一句“…they should watch their pet carefully when it is eating bones.”可知，在寵物吃骨頭時，主人一定要在旁邊看著，故B正確。
Text 4
There are some objects in the sky that move so quickly that sometimes you only see them outof the comer of your eye.These are some of the huge number of bits of rock and st that are floating around in space, called meteoroids.Normally, we cannot see them at all, but if they travel tooclose to the Earth, they get caught by the pull of the Earth, and begin to fall towards us.They fallfaster and faster, until they hit our atmosphere (大氣層), by which time they are going so fast thatthey begin to bum up, and all that you see is a flash of light that moves very quickly across the skyand disappears.These shooting stars, or meteors as they are properly called, are quite common,and sometimes you may see several in a night.
Most meteoroids are very small bits indeed, and they bum up long before they get to theEarth.However, a very few do manage to get all the way through the atmosphere, and actually fallto the ground.usually they do not do much damage, although this is not always the case.
Meteoroids that actually manage to reach the Earth are called meteorites.Most countries haveplaces where meteorites have struck the Earth.some of these places are very large indeed and aretourist attractions.
67.Why do some objects from outer space fall to the ground?
A.They are too big.
B.They are hit by huge rocks.
C.They move too fast.
D.They are pulled by the Earth.
68.What do we know about meteors from the text?
A.They become a star in the sky.
B.They are too small to be seen.
C.They disappear very quickly.
D.They do damage to the Earth.
69.What happens to most meteoroids coming into the atmosphere?
A.They bum up.
B.They fall to earth.
C.They explode.
D.The float in the air.
70.The word "meteorites"( Line 1, Para.3)refers to pieces of rock that
A.move fast in outer space
B .have been found at a tourist centre
C.flash through space at a high speed
D.have fallen onto the Earth from space
原文翻譯及答案解析
天空中許多物體移動速度如此之快,以至於有時它們在你眼前轉瞬即逝.它們是漂浮在空中被稱為流星體的許多巨大的岩石和灰塵的碎片.通常我們根本看不見它們,但是如果它們太靠近地球,就會被地球引力吸住,開始向我們掉落.它們下降的速度越來越快,直到它們穿過大氣層,那時它們的速度如此之快以至於它們開始燃燒,你所能看到的只是一道光劃過天空,然後消失不見.這些疾馳的星星,或稱流星(他們恰當的稱謂),是十分常見的.有時候一晚上就可以看見好幾個.
事實上大多數流星體都非常小,在它們到達地球之前就已經燃燒了很久.然而只有很少的能夠一路穿過大氣層,真正地掉落到地面.通常它們不會造成什麼傷害,雖然也有例外.
真的到達地面的流星被稱為隕石.大多數國家都有一些地方有隕石掉落.事實上某些地方的隕石如此之大,已經成了旅遊景點.
67.D【精析】細節題.題干意為“為什麼外太空的一些物體會掉落到地面?”根據文章第一段第三句“Normally,we cannot see them at a11.but if they travel too close to the Earth.they get caught by the pull of the Earth,and begin to fall towards US.”可知,作者認為通常我們根本看不見它們,但是如果它們太靠近地球,它們就會被地球引力吸住,開始向我們掉落,故D正確.
68.C【精析】細節題.題干意為“從文中我們對流星有哪些了解?”從文章第一段第四句話可知,那時它們的速度如此之快以至於它們開始燃燒,你所能看到的只是一道光劃過天空,然後消失不見.由此推出,流星消失得非常快,故C正確.
69.A【精析】推理題.題干意為“大部分流星在穿過大氣層時會發生什麼?”由文章第一段可知,那時它們的速度如此之快以至於它們開始燃燒,你所能看到的只是一道光劃過天空,然後消失不見.由此推出,流星穿過大氣層時會燃燒,故A正確.
70.D【精析】細節題.題干意為“‘meteorites’(第三段第一行)是指那些__________的石頭碎片.”根據本文第三段第一句話“Meteoroids that actually manage to reach the Earth are called meteorites.”可知,真的到達地面的流星被稱為隕石,故D正確.
;7. 公共英語二級閱讀理解擴展文章
公共英語二級閱讀理解擴展文章 篇1
Prices determine how resources are to be used. They are also the means by which procts and services that are in limited supply are rationed among buyers. The price system of the United States is a complex network composed of the prices of all the procts bought and sold in the economy as well as those of a myriad of services, including labor, professional, transportation, and public-utility services. The interrelationships of all these prices make up the"system" of prices. The price of any particular proct or service is linked to a broad, complicated system of prices in which everything seems to depend more or less upon everything else.
If one were to ask a group of randomly selected indivials to define "price", many would reply that price is an amount of money paid by the buyer to the seller of a proct or service or, in other words, that price is the money value of a proct or service as agreed upon in a market transaction. This definition is, of course, valid as far as it goes. For a complete understanding of a price in any particular transaction, much more than the amount of money involved must be known. Both the buyer and the seller should be familiar with not only the money amount, but with the amount and quality of the proct or service to be exchanged, the time and place at which the exchange will take place and payment will be made, the form of money to be used, the credit terms and discounts that apply to the transaction, guarantees on the proct or service, delivery terms, return privileges, and other factors. In other words, both buyer and seller should be fully aware of all the factors that comprise the total "package" being exchanged for the asked-for amount of money in order that they may evaluate a given price.
價格決定資源的使用方式。價格也是有限的產品與服務在買方中的配給手段。美國的價格系統是復雜的網狀系統，包括經濟生活中一切產品買賣的價格，也包括名目繁多的各種服務，諸如勞動力、專職人員、交通運輸、公共事業等服務的價格。所有這些價格的內在聯系構成了價格系統。任何一種個別產品或服務的價格都與這個龐大而復雜的系統密切相關，而且或多或少地受到系統中其它成份的制約。
如果隨機挑選一群人，問問他們如何定義"價格"，許多人會回答價格就是根據賣方提供的產品或服務，買方向其付出的錢數。換句話說，價格就是市場交易中大家認同的產品或服務的貨幣量。該定義就其本身來說自有其道理。但要獲得對價格在任何一樁交易中的完整認識，就必須考慮到大量"非貨幣"因素的影響。買賣雙方不但要清楚交易中的錢數，而且要非常熟悉交易物的質量和數量，交易的時間、地點，採用哪種形式付款，有怎樣的'緩付和優惠，對交易物的質量保證、交貨條款、退賠權利等等。也就是說，為了能估算索價，買賣雙方必須通曉構成交易物價格的通盤細節。
公共英語二級閱讀理解擴展文章 篇2
Andrew Carnegie, known as the King of Steel, built the steel instry in the United States, and, in the process, became one of the wealthiest men in America. His success resulted in part from his ability to sell the proct and in part from his policy of expanding ring periods of economic decline, when most of his competitors were recing their investments.
Carnegie believed that indivials should progress through hard work, but he also felt strongly that the wealthy should use their fortunes for the benefit of society. He opposed charity, preferring instead to provide ecational opportunities that would allow others to help themselves. "He who dies rich, dies disgraced, " he often said.Among his more noteworthy contributions to society are those that bear his name, including the Carnegie Institute of Pittsburgh, which has a library, a museum of fine arts, and a museum of national history. He also founded a school of technology that is now part of Carnegie-Mellon University. Other philanthropic gifts are the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace to promote understanding between nations, the Carnegie Institute of Washington to fund scientific research, and Carnegie Hall to provide a center for the arts.
Few Americans have been left untouched by Andrew Carnegie's generosity. His contributions of more than five million dollars established 2,500 libraries in small communities throughout the country and formed the nucleus of the public library system that we all enjoy today.
被稱作鋼鐵大王的安德魯·卡內基在美國建立了鋼鐵工業。在這個過程中，他變成了美國最富有的人之一。 他的成功，部分來自於他銷售產品的能力，部分來自於經濟蕭條時期的擴充策略。在蕭條時期，他的多數對手都在縮減投資。
卡內基認為個人應該通過努力工作來獲得進展，但他也強烈地感到有錢人應該運用他們的財富來為社會謀 取福利。他反對施捨救濟，更願意提供教育機會，使別人自立。卡內基經常說："富有著死去的人死得可恥。"他對社會的較重要的貢獻都以他的名字命名。這些貢獻包括匹茲堡卡內基學校。這個學校有一個圖書館，一個美術館和一個國家歷史博物館;他還創立了一所技術學校，這所學校現在是卡內基梅隆大學的一部分;其他的慈善捐贈有為促進國家間了解的"卡內基國際和平基金"，為科學研究提供經費的華盛頓卡內基學院以及給各種藝術活動提供活動中心的卡內基音樂廳。
安德魯·卡內基的慷慨大度幾乎影響到每個美國人的生活。由於他超過五百萬美元的捐款，2500 個圖書館得以建立起來，遍布在美國各地的小村鎮，形成了我們今天還在享用的公共圖書館系統的核心。
公共英語二級閱讀理解擴展文章 篇3
Jogging has become the most popular indivial sport in America. Many theories, even some mystical ones, have been advanced to explain the popularity of jogging. The plain truth is that jogging is a cheap, quick and efficient way to maintain physical fitness.
The most useful sort of exercise is exercise that develops the heart, lungs, and circulatory systems. If these systems are fit, the body is ready for almost any sport and for almost any sudden demand made by work or emergencies. One can train more specifically, as by developing strength for weight lifting or the ability to run straight ahead for short distances with great power s in football, but running trains your heart and lungs to deliver oxygen more efficiently to all parts of your body. It is worth noting that this sort of exercise is the only kind that can rece heart disease, the number one cause of death in America.
Only one sort of equipment is needed a good pair of shoes. Physicians advise beginning joggers not to run in a tennis or gym shoe. Many design advances have been made in only the last several years that make an excellent running shoe in dispensable if a runner wishes to develop as quickly as possible, with as little chance of injury as possible. A good running shoe will have a soft pad for absorbing shock, as well as a slightly built-up heel and a full heelcup that will give the knee and ankle more stability. A wise investment in good shoes will prevent bilisters and the foot, ankle and knee injures and will also enable the wearer to run on paved or soft surfaces.
公共英語二級閱讀理解擴展文章 篇4
Upon reaching an appropriate age (usually between 18 and 21 years), children are encouraged, but not forced, to 「leave the nest」 and begin an independent life. After children leave home they often find social relationship and financial support outside the family. Parents do not arrange marriages for their children, nor do children usually ask permission of their parents to get married, Romantic love is most often the basis for marriage in the United States; young alts meet their future spouses through other friends, at jobs, and in organizations and religious institutions, Although children choose their own spouses, they still hope their parents will approve of their choices.
In many families, parents feel that children should make major life decisions by themselves. A parent may try to influence a child to follow a particular profession but the child is free to choose another career. Sometimes children do precisely the opposite of what their parents wish in order to assert their independence. A son may deliberately decide not to go into his father』s business because of a fear that he will lose his autonomy in his father』s workplace. This independence from parents is not an indication that parents and children do not love each other. Strong love between parents and children is universal and this is no exception in the American family Coexisting with such love in the American family are cultural values of self – reliance and independence.
子女一旦到適當年齡(通常是18至21歲)，要鼓勵而不是強迫他們「離開窩的，財政的巢」，開始獨立生活。小孩離開家後，往往在外能夠與人交往，並自謀出路。父母不為子女安排婚姻，子女結婚也通常無需獲得父母同意。在美國，浪漫的愛情往往是婚姻的基礎，通過朋友在學校、單位、組織以及宗教團體認識自己的，愛情的未來的伴侶。盡管子女自己擇偶，他們仍然希望父母能認同他們的選擇。
許多家庭的父母認為，應由子女自己來做他們生活中的重大決定。家長可能會設法影響子女去從事某一職業，但子女也有選擇其它職業的自由。有時為了證實自己的獨立性，子女從事的工作正好與父母希望的相反。兒子可能執意不去父親的企業工作，因為擔心在那裡就不能獨立自主。這種不依靠父母的獨立性並不意味著父母與子女之間缺乏愛心。父母和子女之間普遍都有摯愛，美國家庭也毫不例外。只不過在美國家庭之中，還融合了自主、獨立的文化價值觀念。
公共英語二級閱讀理解擴展文章 篇5
A painter hangs his or her finished pictures on a wall, and everyone can see it. A composer writes a work, but no one can hear it until it is performed. Professional singers and players have great responsibilities, for the composer is utterly dependent on them. A student of music needs as long and as arous a training to become a performer as a medical student needs to become a doctor. Most training is concerned with technique, for musicians have to have the muscular proficiency of an athlete or a ballet dancer. Singers practice breathing every day, as their vocal chords would be inadequate without controlled muscular support. String players practice moving the fingers of the left hand up and down, while drawing the bow to and fro with the right arm-two entirely different movements.
Singers and instruments have to be able to get every note perfectly in tune. Pianists are spared this particular anxiety, for the notes are already there, waiting for them, and it is the piano tuner』s responsibility to tune the instrument for them. But they have their own difficulties; the hammers that hit the string have to be coaxed not to sound like percussion, and each overlapping tone has to sound clear.
This problem of getting clear texture is one that confronts student conctors: they have to learn to know every note of the music and how it should sound, and they have to aim at controlling these sound with fanatical but selfless authority.
Technique is of no use unless it is combined with musical knowledge and understanding. Great artists are those who are so thoroughly at home in the language of music that they can enjoy performing works written in any century.
公共英語二級閱讀理解擴展文章 篇6
Every weekday morning I take the 8:30 bus to go to my job. I know by sight several people who also fide that bus. Some of the girls work as maids. They get off at each stop in ones, twos or threes.
But at one corner something wonderful happens. Before the bus stops, a little dog races out of the nearest house. He doesn't look at two of the maids who get off. But for the third he has a joyful "Hello!". From head to tail his little body wags his happiness. Everyone on the bus watches until the maid and the dog go into the house.
One day not long ago the maid wasn't on the bus. I wondered if the dog would be waiting for her. Sure enough, he was!
He stood at the back door of the bus for a minute. I could see his joyful welcome turning into fearful worry. Where was she?
The driver closed the back door. The dog raced to the front door. It, too, shut in his face.
Everyone on the bus felt sad. Poor little pup! He looked so unhappy, standing there!
The driver couldn't stand it. He opened the door and looked down at the dog. "She didn't come today," he said, in a loud, kind voice.
A man in a front seat leaned forward. "Maybe she will come tomorrow," he called.
The dog wagged his tail as if to say "thank you." He watched the bus as we pulled away. Then he turned to trot home ── alone.
The next day everyone on the bus was happy to see the maid back again. Yes, the dog was waiting for her.
The welcome he gave her was even warmer and more delighted than usual. We all smiled at one another. How bright and good the morning suddenly seemed to us!
公共英語二級閱讀理解擴展文章 篇7
There was a time in my life when beauty meant something special to me. I guess that would have been when I was about six or seven years old, just several weeks or maybe a month before the orphanage turned me into an old man.
I would get up every morning at the orphanage, make my bed just like the little soldier that I had become and then I would get into one of the two straight lines and march to breakfast with the other twenty or thirty boys who also lived in my dormitory.
After breakfast one Saturday morning I returned to the dormitory and saw the house parent chasing the beautiful monarch butterflies who lived by the hundreds in the azalea bushes strewn around the orphanage.
I carefully watched as he caught these beautiful creatures, one after the other, and then took them from the net and then stuck straight pins through their head and wings, pinning them onto a heavy cardboard sheet.
How cruel it was to kill something of such beauty. I had walked many times out into the bushes, all by myself, just so the butterflies could land on my head, face and hands so I could look at them up close.
When the telephone rang the house parent laid the large cardboard paper down on the back cement step and went inside to answer the phone. I walked up to the cardboard and looked at the one butterfly who he had just pinned to the large paper. It was still moving about so I reached down and touched it on the wing causing one of the pins to fall out. It started flying around and around trying to get away but it was still pinned by the one wing with the other straight pin. Finally it's wing broke off and the butterfly fell to the ground and just quivered.
I picked up the torn wing and the butterfly and I spat on it's wing and tried to get it to stick back on so it could fly away and be free before the house parent came back. But it would not stay on him.
The next thing I knew the house parent came walking back out of the back door by the garbage room and started yelling at me. I told him that I did not do anything but he did not believe me. He picked up the cardboard paper and started hitting me on the top of the head. There were all kinds of butterfly pieces going everywhere. He threw the cardboard down on the ground and told me to pick it up and put it in the garbage can inside the back room of the dormitory and then he left.
I sat there in the dirt, by that big old tree, for the longest time trying to fit all the butterfly pieces back together so I could bury them whole, but it was too hard to do. So I prayed for them and then I put them in an old torn up shoe box and I buried them in the bottom of the fort that I had built in the ground, out by the large bamboos, near the blackberry bushes.
Every year when the butterflies would return to the orphanage and try to land on me I would try and shoo them away because they did not know that the orphanage was a bad place to live and a very bad place to die.
公共英語二級閱讀理解擴展文章 篇8
For many people in the U.S., sports are not just for fun. Theyre almost a religion. Thousands of sports fans buy expensive tickets to watch their favorite teams and athletes play in person.
Other fans watch the games at home, glued to their TV sets. Americas devotion to athletics has created a new class of wealthy people: professional athletes. Sports stars often receive million-dollar salaries. Some even make big money appearing in advertisements for soft drinks, shoes and even toiletries.
對許多的美國人而言，運動不只是為了好玩。它幾乎成了一種宗教崇拜，數以千計的運動迷會為了能親眼目睹他們喜愛的球隊或運動員比賽而出高價購買門票。
其它的球迷則守在家裡寸步不離地收看電視轉播。美國人對於運動的投入形成了一個新的富有階級：職業運動員。運動明星通常會收到上百萬元的薪水。其中有些人甚至是因為替飲料、鞋，甚至個人化妝用品拍廣告而賺了一大筆錢。
公共英語二級閱讀理解擴展文章 篇9
Not all Americans worship sports, but athletics are an important part of their culture. Throughout their school life, Americans learn to play many sports. All students take physical ecation classes in school.
Many people also enjoy non-competitive activities like hiking, biking, horseback riding, camping or hunting. To communicate with American sports nuts, it helps if you can talk sports.
並非所有的美國人都崇拜運動，但運動的確是他們文化當中極為重要的一部份。在他們的學校生活當中，美國人學習許多運動。所有的學生都必須在學校修體育課。
許多人也喜歡從事一些非競爭性的活動像健行、騎單車、騎馬、露營或打獵。要和美國運動迷溝通，最好是能暢談運動。
公共英語二級閱讀理解擴展文章 篇10
Through the changes in the ways of making a living in a family over several generations, the cartoon aims at sounding a warning against mans wasteful use of natural resources and emphasizing the urgent need to preserve these resources.
Ever since man appeared on the earth, mans survival has been heavily relied on nature. Almost everything we use in our everyday life comes from nature, ranging from the food we eat, the water we drink, to the wood which is turned into furiture. With the development of technology and population growth, the amount and range of materials used has increased at an alarming rate. However, natural resources are not inexhaustible. Some reserves are already on the brink of exhaustion and there is no hope of replacing them. The widespread water shortage is an example in point. If man continued to squander natural resources with no thought for the future, the later generations would end up selling sand, as is the case in the cartoon, and the whole world would be in a mess.
Time is running out. It is up to us to take effective measures before the situation gets out of hand.