美國女士地位英語閱讀

『壹』 求自考英語閱讀1 第4篇文章american social relations的翻譯

American Social Relations
Gladys G.Doty Janet Ross

American society is much more informal than that of many other countries and, in some ways, is characterized by less social distinction. The American mixture of pride in achievement and sense of 「』m just as good as anybody else.」 along with lack of importance placed on personal dignity, is difficult for a foreigner to understand. Americans in general do not like to be considered inferior, and they grumble loudly about inconveniences or not getting a 「fair deal.」 Yet they do not make a point of their personal honor. As an illustration of the difference between Europen and American reflection in this respect, John Whyte in American Words and Ways gives the following account.
A…[European] professor [visiting in American] was once sent a bil for hospital services which he had never enjoyed. The bill was accompanied by a strong letter demanding payment. It was obvious that a mistake in names had been made, but the professor, thoroughly aroused by this reflection on his character and financial integrity, wrote a vigorous letter of reply ( which an American might also have done.) But in this letter of reply he demanded that the creditor write him a formal letter of apology… for this reflection on his honor. Since no publicity could possibly have been given to the mistake, for mistake it was, most Americans in that sitution, after getting the matter off their chest ( or without doing that ) would have let the matter rest.
An example of the same thing may be that although Americans like to talk about their accomplishments, it is their custom to show certain modesty in reply to compliments. When someone praises an American upon his achievement or upon his personal appearance, which, incidentally, is a very polite thing to do in America, the American turns it aside. If someone should say, 「Congratulations upon being elected president of the club,」 an American is expected to reply, 「Well, I hope I can do a good job,」 or something of the sort. Or if someone says, 「That』s a pretty blue necktie you are wearing,」 an American is likely to say, 「I』m glad you like it,」 or 「Thank you. My wife gave it to me for my birthday.」 The response to a compliment seldom conveys the idea, 「I, too, think I』m pretty good.」
Likewise, there are fewer social conventions that show social differences in America. Students do not rise when a teacher enters the room. One does not always address a person by his title, such as 「Professor」 or 「Doctor」 (「Doctor」 is always used, however, for a doctor fo medicine). The respectful 「sir」 is not always used in the northern and western parts of the country.
Clothing in America, as in every place in the world, to a certain degree reflects a person』s social position and income, or, at least among the young, his attitudes toward society or toward himself. Yet no person is restricted to a certain uniform or manner of dress because of his occupations or class in society. A bank president may wear overalls to paint his house and is not ashamed of either the job or the clothing, and a common laborer may wear a rented tuxedo at his daughter』s wedding.
Yet in spite of all the informality, America is not completely without customs that show consciousness of social distinction. For example, one is likely to use somewhat more formal language when talking to superiors. While the informal 「Hello」 is an acceptable greeting from employee to employer, the employee is more apt to say, 「Hello, Mr. Ferguson,」 whereas the emplyer may reply, 「Hello, Jim.」 Southerners make a point of saying 「Yes,sir,」 or 「Yes,ma』am,」 or 「No,sir,」 or 「No, ma』am,」 when talking to an older person or a person in position of authority. Although this is a good form all over the United States, 「Yes, Mr. Weston.」 or 「No, Mrs. Baker」 is somewhat more common in a similar situation in the North or West.
Certain other forms of politeness are observed on social occasions. Though people wear hats less now than in the past, women still occasionally wear hats in church and at public social functions ( except those that are in the evening ).
In American there are still customs by which a man may show respect for a woman. He opens the door for her and lets her precede him through it. He walks on the side of the walk nearest the street. He takes her arm when crossing a street or descending a stairway. A younger person also shows respect for an older one in much the same fashion, by helping the older person in things requiring physical exertion or involving possible accident.
American surface informality often confuses the foreigner because he interprets it to mean no formality at all. He does not understand the point at which informality stops. A teacher, though friendly, pleasant, and informal in class, expects students to study hard, and he grades each student』s work critically and carefully. He also expects to be treated with respect. Although students are free to ask questions about statements made by the teacher, and may say that they disagree with what he says, they are not expected to contradict him. Similarly, in boy-girl relationships a foreign student should not mistake the easy relationship and flattery that are part of the dating pattern in the United States, nor presume that it means more than it does.
Also, because an American is perhaps more likely to admit and laugh at his own mistakes than one who stands more on his dignity, a foreigner sometimes does not know how to handle the American』s apparent modesty. The American is quite ready to admit certain weaknesses, such as 「I never was good at mathematics.」 「I』m a rotten tennis player.」 or 「I』m the world』s worst bridge player.」 However, the stranger must not be too quick to agree with him. American think it is all right, even sporting, to admit a defect in themselves, but they feel that it is almost an insult to have someone else agree. A part of American idea of good aportmanship is the point of being generous to a loser. This attitude is carried over into matters that have nothing to do with competition. If a man talks about his weak points, the listener says something in the way of encouragement,or point to other qualities in which the speaker excels. An American student reports that when he was in a foreign country he was completely stunned when he said to a native, 「I don』t speak your language very well.」 and the native replied, 「I should say you don』t.」 In a similar situation an American would have commented, 「Well, you have only been here two months.」 or 「But you』re making progress.」
Although Americans are quite informal, it is best for a foreigner, in case of doubt, to be too formal rather than not formal enough. Consideration for others is the basis of all courtesy.

美國的社會比其他國家的社會更加非正式，在某些方面，美國社會的特徵就是較少的社會差別。美國式的混合物－個人的成就感、不比別人差的優越感以及對個人尊嚴缺乏重要性，這些對一個外國人來說是很難理解的。通常來講美國人不喜歡被別人看成低人一等的，他們也會為自己遭受的不便而抱怨，還會為自己沒有得到公平的待遇而抱怨。然而，他們也不是很重視自己的榮譽。在這一方面，為了更好展示歐洲人和美國人的不同反映，John Whyte 在《美國語言和方式》這本書里給了我們如下的描述。

有位歐洲的教授曾在美國訪問，他有次收到一份在醫院接受治療的賬單，實際上他並沒有接受過任何治療。隨附賬單還有一封措施很強烈的信件。很明顯這是因為把姓名弄錯了，但是這位教授由於對信中對自己人格以及金錢方面的廉潔而提出的質疑感到不舒服，他也寫了一份措辭很激烈的回信。（美國人也會這樣去做）。但是在這份回信中，這位歐洲教授要求他的債權人寫一份正式的道歉信，就因為對他人格的指責。由於這樣的錯誤並沒有被公眾知悉，即使這樣的錯誤已經發生了，但大多數美國人在這種形勢下，只是將其宣洩一番，甚至有的人根本就不用宣洩，就讓這件事情過去了。

同樣的事情我再給你舉一個例子，盡管美國人比較喜歡討論自己的成就，但是他們有個習俗，那就是如果你得到某種贊美時，你的回答要展示某種謙虛。當有人在贊美一個美國人諸如他的成就或外貌的時候，這些話題在美國被認為是很有禮貌的事情，他也不會太在意。如果有人對一個美國人說：「祝賀你當選俱樂部主席」，他會回答「我希望把工作做好」或者諸如詞類的話語。當有人說：「你打的領結很漂亮」，而美國人會說「我很高興你喜歡它」或者「謝謝你，這是我妻子送給我的生日禮物」。所有對這種贊美的回答從來都不會傳達這樣的含義即「我也認為我挺不錯的」 同樣的，在美國也很少有那種社會習俗來表現這種社會差異。當老師進教室的時候，學生是不起立的。也不經常在一個人的名字前面加一些頭銜，比如教授或博士。（DOCTOR 如果從醫葯學方面來稱呼也是可以的）。表示尊敬含義的SIR在美國北部和西部也是很少使用的。

在美國正如在世界上其他地方一樣，從某種意義上，人的穿著會反映其社會地位和收入，或者至少在年輕人當中可以反映這個社會或者自己的態度。但是由於自已的職業或社會地位，沒有任何一個只局限穿一種特定的制服或選擇某種特定的穿衣方式。一個銀行的行長在粉刷自己房子的時候會穿工裝服，而且不會因這種工作和穿衣的方式而感到羞愧。而一個普通勞動者在自己女兒的婚禮上也會租穿一件無尾燕尾服。

盡管有諸如此類非正式的東西，但是美國也並不是完全沒有習俗來展現這種社會差別意識。例如，但一個人跟他的上司說話的時候，他會用更加正式的語言。盡管非正式語言HELLO可以用於雇員和僱主之間，但對於一個雇員來說，他更傾向於使用HELLO,MR FERGUSON，而上司回答時可以直接回答HELLO JIM。當跟一個年長者或者權位更高的人說話時，美國南方人主張說YES SIR 或YES MA』AM 或NO, SIR或NO, MA』MA。盡管這樣的稱謂在全美國被認為是一種很好的稱謂形式，但是在美國北部或西部，人們還更傾向於稱YES,MR WESTON或NO,MRS BAKER。某種表示禮貌的形式可以在社交場合會看到的。盡管現在的人不像過去那麼經常帶帽子，但是女性在教堂或一些公眾慶祝宴會時會帶上帽子的（當然這些場合如果發生在晚上就不用了）

在美國仍然還有些習俗，男士們通過這些習慣來表現對女士的尊敬。他會給女士開門，而且讓女士先進入。男士也會走在更靠近街道的人行道。當穿過一條階段或下樓梯時，男士會扶著女士。一個年輕人同樣也會表示對年長者的尊敬，他們通過幫助他們做一些費體力的活或一些引發事故的活。

美國人這種表面上的非正式性會讓一個外國人迷惑，因為他認為美國人的這種非正式性意味著沒有正式性而言。但是他並不知道美國人的這種非正式性會在哪裡變成了正式性，比如一個老師在課堂上看起來友好、和善，在課堂上也表現的非正式，但老師要求學生努力學習，並且在批改作業時是很嚴格和仔細的。而且這位老師也同樣希望學生能尊敬他。盡管學生對老師的陳述自由提出問題，而且也可以表達對老師觀點的不同意，但是這些學生也不能駁斥老師的觀點。同樣，在男孩和女孩交往的過程中，一個外國學生也不要對美國人在約會里表現的親近關系或奉承的話語而誤會，不要認為他們還有更深層次的含義。同樣，因為比那些經常想保持自己尊嚴的人來說，美國人非常有可能承認和嘲笑他自己的錯誤、缺點。但是有時外國人不知道怎麼處理美國人這種表面的謙虛。美國人很容易承認自己的某些弱點，諸如「我的數學不好」，「我的網球打的很爛」或者說「我的橋牌打的也是出奇的差」，但是，這個時候對於一個陌生人不能隨聲附和。美國人認為，承認自己的一些弱點沒有什麼，即使是運動項目不行，但是如果別人對他們謙虛的話語表示同意，他們認為這是對他們若大的侮辱。美國競技精神的一部分就是對失敗者要賦予同情和慷慨。這種態度從體育競技中被帶入到跟體育競技一點關系都沒有的事情當中了。如果一個人談及自己的弱點時，聽者一般都會以鼓勵來回應或指出失敗者在其他領域是很擅長的。一個美國的學生講到，有次他去國外時，當他對當地人說：「我說你們的語言說的不好」，而對方回應到「我也這么認為」，他被當地人的回答驚呆了。當然，在同樣的情勢下，一個美國人將會回應到「你來這里才剛兩個月而已」 或者說「但是你取得進步了」。

盡管美國人好像十分不正式，但對於一個外國人，尤其在不知道情況下，你最好盡可能正式的對待。總是考慮別人是所以禮儀的基礎。

『貳』 適合女性閱讀的7本英文書

導語：隨著三八國際婦女節的臨近，職場女性如何自我發展並平衡工作與家庭生活成為近期大家討論的熱點之一。我整理了適合女性閱讀的7本英文書推薦，希望大家喜歡。

1.'The Time Traveler's Wife' by Audrey Niffenegger

1.《時光旅行者的妻子》奧黛麗·尼芬格

The story of Henry, who involuntarily travels through time, and Clare, the woman who loves him for almost her entire life. This love story will draw you in and make you want to go back and read parts of the novel again and again.

男主亨利自小患慢性時間錯位症，但女主克萊爾深愛亨利一生。這部愛情小說引人入勝，令人不禁一遍遍重溫。

2.'The Secret Life of Bees' by Sue Monk Kidd

2.《蜜蜂的秘密生活》蘇·蒙克基德

Set in the South ring the 1960s, this coming of age story deals with race, love and Lily Owen's search for a connection with her mother who died when she was young. It's an especially good summer read, when you can imagine sipping Coke on a porch and smelling jasmine.

故事背景設定在20世紀六十年代的羅萊納州南部小鎮，講述了種族歧視、人間真情以及莉莉·歐文探尋幼時離世的母親死亡秘密的故事。這是一本極好的夏日讀物，可以一邊在走廊里閱讀，一邊啜著可樂、嗅著花香。

3.'The Blood of Flowers' by Anita Amirrezvani

3.《花之血》安妮塔·阿米瑞瓦尼

Anita Amirrezvani's debut novel,The Blood of Flowers, tells the story of a young woman in 17th-century Iran with a passion for knotting rugs. Her life is thrown into an uproar when her father dies, and she and her mother must depend on the kindness of wealthy relatives and hope that the young woman finds a wealthy husband. The Blood of Flowers is superbly written and a moving story, sure to entrance readers.

《花之血》是安妮塔·阿米瑞瓦尼的處女作，講述了一名生活在十七世紀，熱衷於織毯的伊朗女孩的故事。父親意外去世以後，女主人公的生活發生了翻天覆地的變化。她和母親不得不依靠富裕親戚的接濟，因此全家人都希望女主能嫁個有錢人。《花之血》文筆流暢，情感動人，引人入勝。

4.'Midwives' by Chris Bohjalian

4.《助產士》克里斯·波傑利安

This Oprah Book Club pick tells about a midwife on trial for manslaughter after a home delivery goes wrong. Told from the viewpoint of the midwife's daughter, this mystery deals with love, family, birth and death as the family works through the consequences of one tragic night.

奧普拉讀書俱樂部曾講述過這個故事，一位助產士因接生失誤致人死亡而接受審判。全書以助產士女兒的視角闡述了一部悲劇過後，有關愛情、家庭、生死的故事。

5. 'Divine Secrets of the Ya-Ya Sisterhood: A Novel' by Rebecca Wells

5.《丫丫姐妹會的神聖秘密》瑞貝卡·威爾斯

It is a beautiful story of one woman's quest to reconcile with and understand her mother by delving into the secrets contained in her sisterhood notebook. This Southern story will make you laugh and cry.

這部小說講述了一個動人故事。女兒試圖從姐妹的日記中了解母親的秘密，以便能緩和與母親的'緊張關系，深入了解母親。這部南方小說既讓人笑又讓人哭。

6.'The Splendor of Silence' by In Sundaresan

6.《靜謐之光》櫻杜·桑妲蕾森

Splendor of Silenceis the story of a young woman and the secretive American soldier she meets in India. It is romantic and passionate but doesn’t shy away from the harsh realities of life under British rule. The author, In Sundaresan, skillfully weaves romance with historical fiction, making for a satisfying, poignant and highly-recommended read.

《靜謐之光》全書圍繞一位年輕女人與其在印度邂逅的秘密的美國士兵而展開。這部小說浪漫又不失激情。此外，作者並不迴避英國統治之下殘酷的社會現實。該書作者櫻杜·桑妲蕾森以羅曼史筆法寫歷史綺情，其作品精彩絕倫，鞭辟入裡，強烈推薦閱讀。

7.Angry Housewives Eating Bon Bons' by Lorna Landvik

7.《憤怒的主婦吃糖糖》洛娜·馬克

Angry Housewives Eating Bons Bons by Lorna Landvikis the story of five women in a book club in Minnesota from 1968 to 1998. They support each other through good and bad, finding a lifeline in their friendships.

該書講述了1968年至1998年間，美國明尼蘇達州一讀書俱樂部里五位女性的故事。她們榮辱與共，相互支持，從友誼中汲取生命的力量。

『叄』 初二英語閱讀

一、There are many wetlands（濕地） in China and some of them have become the world『s important wetlands. The Chinese Yellow Sea Wetlands are among them. They are in Yancheng， Jiangsu Province. They are home for many different kinds of birds and animals. The world』s largest Milu Deer Nature Reserve（自然保護區） is in them. More than 700 milu deer live freely there. There are not many red-crowned cranes in the world， but every winter you can see some in the Red-crowned Cranes Nature Reserve in the Yellow Sea Wetlands.

The temperature in the wetlands is usually neither too high nor too low. There is a lot of rain and sunshine， too. They are really good places for wildlife（野生生物）。 Offering food and home for some special kinds of animals and birds is not the only reason why we need to protect wetlands. Wetlands are important because they also prevent flood. But some people want to change the wetlands to make more space for farms and buildings. This means there will be less and less space for wildlife.
Luckily， more and more people are beginning to realize the important of wetlands and wildlife. Every year， on February 2nd， many activities are held to tell people more about wetlands.
根據以上短文內容，然後從每題所給的四個選項中選擇最佳選項。
1. The Chinese Yellow Sea Wetlands are in the _______ of China.
A. east B. south C. west D. north
2. Usually the weather in the wetlands is _______.
A. hot B. pleasant C. cold D. dry
3. The World Wetlands Day is on _______.
A. April 22 B. June 25 C. February 2 D. March 22
4. We must protect wetlands because _______.
A. they are home for wildlife B. they can prevent flood C. they can offer food to the animals and birds D. all of the above
5. The best title for the passage is _______.
A. China『s Wetlands Have All Entered the World』s List
B. Wetlands—Home for Wildlife and Human Beings
C. Special Animals in the Chinese Yellow Sea Wetlands
D. Wetlands—Valuable Recourses（珍貴資源） of Land on the Earth
「答案與解析」
1. 選A.從第1段的句子The Chinese Yellow Sea Wetlands are among them. They are in Yancheng， Jiangsu Province. 和地理知識可知，江蘇省是在中國的東部，故選A.
2. 選B.由第2段的句子The temperature in the wetland is usually neither too high nor too low. There is a lot of rain and sunshine， too.可知，濕地的氣溫不高也不低，雨量充沛，陽光充足，這樣的天氣不是很pleasant嗎？
3. 選C.文章最後一句告訴我們在每年的February 2nd，有許多的關於濕地的活動舉行，所以這一天就是世界濕地日。
4. 選D.短文的第1段講述了They are home for many different kinds of birds and animals.（濕地是許多野生動物的家園）；第2段又講述了濕地Offering food and home for some special kinds of animals 以及Wetlands are important because they also prevent flood.所以答案為D.
5. 選B.根據第4題我們就可知道本文列舉了濕地的重要性，所以B選項最佳。
二、Do you know how to play a game called 「Musical Chairs」？ It is easy to play and most people enjoy it. All you need are some chairs， some people and some way of making music. You may use a piano or any other musical instrument， if someone can play it. You may use a tape recorder. You can even use a radio.
Put the chairs in a row. The chairs may be put in twos， back to back. A better way is to have the chairs in one row with each chair facing in the opposite direction to the chair next to it.
The game is easy. When the music starts， the players walk round the chairs. Everyone goes in the same direction， of course， they should walk in time to the music. If the music is fast they should walk quickly. If the music is slow， they should walk slowly.
The person playing music cannot see the people in the game. When the music stops， the players try to sit on the chairs. If a person cannot find a chair to sit on， he drops out. Then， before the music starts again， one chair must be taken away. When the music stops again， one more player will be out.
At last， there will be two players and one chair. The one who sits on the chair when the music stops is the winner.
根據以上短文內容，然後從每題所給的四個選項中選擇最佳選項。
1. If ten people are playing musical chairs， you must begin with _______.
A. nine chairs B. ten chairs C. eleven chairs D. one chair
2. Which of the following is not suitable for playing musical chairs？ _______.
A. A piano B. A radio C. A tape recorder D. A telephone
3. The chairs should be put _______.
A. with the desks B. before the winne C. all over the room D. in a line
4. When the music starts,the players must _______.
A. run about the room B. get down C. walk around the chairs D. sit on the chairs
5. Which of the following statements is NOT true？
A. The game 「Musical Chairs」 is not difficult to learn.
B. The last one can sit on the last chair.
C. The winner can sit on the chair.
D. If the person plays music,he cannot be the winner.
「答案與解析」
1. 選A.因為在第4段有這樣一句If a person cannot find a chair to sit on， he drops out.那麼肯定是椅子比人數少1，這樣才會有人沒得坐，故選A.
2. 選D.在第1段中提到了A、B、C三種可以播放音樂的器具，而D項沒有，因為一般來說電話是不能播放音樂的，所以選D.
3. 選D.第2段的Put the chairs in a row就是「把椅子排成一排」這意。選D.
4. 選C.由第3段中的句子When the music starts， the players walk round the chairs.可知答案為C.
5. 選B.本題可用排除法，由第1段第2句It is easy to play 可知道A項正確；由最後一句The one who sits on the chair when the music stops is the winner.可知C項是正確的；由第4段的句子The person playing music cannot see the people in the game可知D項也是正確的。故答案選B.
三、Several years ago， a television reporter was talking to three of the most important people in America. One was a very rich banker， another owned one of the largest companies in the world， and the third owned many buildings in the center of New York.
The reporter was talking to them about being important.
「How do we know if someone is really important？」 the reporter asked the banker.
The banker thought for a few moments and then said， 「I think anybody who is invited to the Whiter House to meet the President of the United States is really important.」
The reporter then turned to the owner of the very large company. 「Do you agree with that？」 she asked.
The man shook his head， 「No. I think the President invites a lot of people to the White House. You『d only be important if while you were visiting the President， there was a telephone call from the president of another country， and the President of the US said he was too busy to answer it.」
The reporter turned to the third man. 「Do you think so？」
「No， I don『t，」 he said. 「I don』t think that makes the visitor important. That makes the President important.」
「Then what would make the visitor important？」 the reporter and the other two men asked.
「Oh， I think if the visitor to the White House was talking to the President and the phone rang， and the President picked up the receiver， listened and then said， 『It』s for you.『 」
根據以上短文內容，然後從每題所給的四個選項中選擇最佳選項。
1. This story happened in _______.
A. England B. American C. Japan D. Australia
2. There are _______ in this passage.
A. two men and two women B. three men and one woman C. three women and one man D. four women
3. The banker thought _______.
A. he was really important because he was a rich banker
B. the visitor to the White House was really important
C. the visitor who met the President of the United States
D. the reporter was really important
4. The owner of the very large company thought _______.
A. she was really important because she owned one of the largest companies
B. the banker was really important
C. the owner of many buildings in the center of New York was really important
D. the visitor would be really important if while he was visiting the President， the President would not answer any telephone call
5. The owner of many buildings thought _______.
A. he was really important because he owned many buildings in the center of New York
B. the owner of the very large company was really important
C. the visitor was really important if he talking to the President and the President received a telephone call for the visitor
D. the person who worked in the White House was really important
「答案與解析」
1. 選B.從第1段的首句Several years ago， a television reporter was talking to three of the most important people in America.可以知道，這個故事發生在美國，所以選擇B.
2. 選B.短文對三位嘉賓的人稱代詞用的都是he，由此可知，這三位嘉賓都是男士，而從第5段的she asked可以看出這個reporter是位女士，所以總共是three men and one woman，答案是B.
3. 選B.當the reporter問the banker 什麼樣的人才是重要的時，他回答說：I think anybody who is invited to the White House to meet the President of the United States is really important.所以答案選擇B.
4. 選D.從第6段這位男士的回答我們很容易得出答案是D.
5. 選C.從最後一段可以知道the owner of many buildings的想法，就是當你在拜訪總統時，總統卻接到一個找你的電話，那麼此時你就是一個很重要的人了。所以答案選擇C.

『肆』 英語閱讀帶翻譯

英語閱讀範文帶翻譯

閱讀理解一直是高中英語考試中的難點與重點，想要提高自己的閱讀能力，平常多多積累是一定的，下面是我整理的高中英語閱讀理解範文，希望能幫到大家!

【1】

I am Peter Hodes, avolunteer stem courier. Since March 2012, I've done 89 trips of those , 51 havebeen abroad, I have 42 hours to carry stem cells(幹細胞)in my little box because I've got two ice packs and that's how longthey last, in all, from the time the stem cells are harvested from a donor(捐獻者) to the time they can be implanted in the patient, we’ve got 72 hoursat most, So I am always conscious of time.

I had one trip last year whereI was caught by a hurricane in America. I picked up the stem cells in Providence,Rhode Island, and was meant to fly to Washington then back to London. But when Iarrived at the check-in desk at Providence, the lady on the desk said: “Well, I’mreally sorry, I’ve got some bad news for you-there are no fights from Washington.”So I took my box and put it on the desk and I said: “In this box are some stem cellsthat are urgently needed for a patient-please, please, you’ve got to get me backto the United Kingdom.” She just dropped everything. She arranged for a flight ona small plane to be held for me. re-routed(改道) me through Newark and got me back to the UK even earlier than originallyscheled.

For this courier job, you’reconsciously aware than that box you’re got something that is potentially goingto save somebody’s life.

29. Which of the following can replace theunderlined word “courier” in Paragraph17

A. provider B.delivery man

C. collector D. medical doctor

30. Why does Peter have to complete his tripwithin 42hours?

A. He cannot stay away from his job too long.

B. The donor can only wait for that long.

C. The operation needs that very much.

D. The ice won't last any longer.

31. Which flight did the woman put Peter onfirst?

A. To London B. To Newark

C. To Providence D. To Washington

中文翻譯：

我叫 Peter Hodes，是一個幹細胞傳遞志願者。自2012年3月以來，我做了89次這項工作，51次是在國外。我用我的小箱子來攜帶幹細胞，我有42個小時，因為我的.兩個冰袋只能持續製冷42小時。總之，從捐獻者捐出幹細胞到這些細胞可以植入病人時，最多維持72個小時。所以我總是很在意時間。

去年的一次旅程中，我在美國遇到了颶風。我在羅得島的普羅維登斯拿著幹細胞，打算飛往華盛頓然後再回倫敦。但是當我到達在普羅維登斯的前台時，前台的女士說：“真的很抱歉，我有一些壞消息要告訴你——華盛頓沒有航班了。”我把盒子放在桌子上說：“這個盒子里有一些患者急需的幹細胞，拜託了，拜託你必須讓我回英國。”她推掉了所有事情，安排了一架小型飛機，為我改道經紐瓦克回到了英國，甚至還比原計劃提前到達了。

因為這個傳遞工作，你意識到，你拿著的那個盒子給了拯救他人的生命的無限可能。

【2】

The meaning of silence variesamong cultural groups. Silences may be thoughtful, or they may be empty when a personhas nothing to say. A silence in a conversation may also show stubbornness, or worry.Silence may be viewed by some cultural groups as extremely uncomfortable; thereforeattempts may be made to fill every gap(間隙) with conversation. Persons in other cultural groups value silence andview it as necessary for understanding a person's needs.

Many Native Americans valuesilence and feel it is a basic part of communicating among people, just as sometraditional Chinese and Thai persons do. Therefore, when a person from one of thesecultures is speaking and suddenly stops, what maybe implied(暗示) is that the person wants the listener to consider what has beensaid before continuing. In these cultures, silence is a call for reflection.

Other cultures mayuse silence in other ways, particularly when dealing with conflicts amongpeople or in relationships of people with different amounts of power. For example, Russian, French, and Spanish persons may use silenceto show agreement between parties about the topic under discussion. However,Mexicans may use silence when instructions are given by a person in authorityrather than be rude to that person by arguing with him or her. In still anotheruse, persons in Asian cultures may view silence as a sign of respect,particularly to an elder or a person in authority.

Nurses and othercare-givers need to be aware of the possible meanings of silence when they comeacross the personal anxiety their patients may be experiencing. Nurses shouldrecognize their own personal and cultural construction of silence so that apatient’s silence is not interrupted too early or allowed to go on unnecessarily.A nurse who understands the healing(治癒) value of silence can use this understanding to assist in the careof patients from their own and from other cultures.

32. What does the author say about silencein conversations?

A. It implies anger. B. It promotes friendship.

C. It is culture-specific. D. It iscontent-based.

33. Which of the following people mightregard silence as a call for careful thought?

A. The Chinese. B. The French.

C. The Mexicans. D. The Russians.

34. What does the author advise nurses todo about silence?

A. Let it continue as the patient pleases.

B. Break it while treating patients.

C. Evaluate its harm to patients.

D. Make use of its healing effects.

35. What may be the best title for thetext?

A. Sound and Silence

B. What It Means to Be Silent

C. Silence to Native Americans

D. Speech Is Silver; Silence Is Gold

中文翻譯：

沉默在不同文化群體之間意義不同。沉默可能是深思熟慮，或者當一個人無話可說時，可能就是一片空白。沉默在談話中能表達固執或擔心。沉默可能被一些文化群體覺得極其不舒服，因此他們會試圖填補對話中的每一個間隙。其他文化群體重視沉默，並認為沉默對於理解一個人的需求很必要。

許多印第安人重視沉默，就像一些傳統的中國人和泰國人那樣，認為它是人與人之間交流的一個基本部分。因此，當一個這些文化群體中的人在說話時突然停止，也許是在暗示希望聽眾在繼續之前思考一下之前說的話。在這些文化中，沉默是呼籲反思。

其他文化可能將沉默用在其他方面，特別是在處理人之間的沖突或權力不同的人之間的關系時。例如，俄羅斯人、法國人和西班牙人可能會用沉默來表示同意各方之間討論的主題。然而，墨西哥人在權威的人發出指令時可能會沉默，而不是粗魯地與之爭論。另一個用途是亞洲人可能把沉默作為尊重別人的標志，尤其是對一位長者或權威的人。

當護士和其他看護者遇到可能正在經歷焦慮的病人突然沉默時，要注意這可能意味著什麼。護士應該認識到他們自己可能沉默的原因並且從文化角度上理解病人沉默的原因，這樣病人的沉默不會過早被打斷，也不會讓病人繼續保持不必要的沉默。了解治癒沉默功效的護士可以通過理解自己和其它文化，來幫助照顧病人。

;

『伍』 如何用英文稱呼女士

英文：madam;lady。

拓展資料：

相關短語：

• 女士呢ladies cloth ; ldriving instructores cloth

• 留守女士grass widow ; Those left Behind ; dotal widow

• 國務卿女士Madam Secretary

• 灰色女士The Gray Lady ; Grey Lady

• 女士框ladies frame

• 女士包lady bag ; Women Bag ; lady handbag ; BAG

• 單身女士Single Ladies ; single women ; Beyonce Single Ladies ; A woman

• 女士背心Vests ; vests for women

• 惠特尼女士Gertrude Vanderbilt Whitney

相關例句：

• 那位女士冷淡地朝我點頭。

  The ladynoddeddrilytome.

• 在該市她是一名受人尊敬的女士。

  Sheisaladywhois hallowedinthe town.

• 你在女士面前舉止如此粗魯不可能得到原諒。

  Youcannot beexcused forsuchrudebehaviourin thepresence ofa lady.

• 女士：這是我的火車嗎？

  Lady:Isthismytrain?

• 你是那位年長的女士？

  Youarethatoldlady